A torque angle sensor for micro-torque measurement

Abstract

This invention discloses a torque-angle sensor for measuring minute torque, comprising a housing, a torque elastomer, a bearing, a strain gauge, a PCBA circuit board, and an angle detection module. The housing contains an inner cavity, within which the torque elastomer is rotatably mounted. The torque elastomer includes a support shaft, a deformation portion, and a sensor output shaft. The bearing is fixedly mounted within the left end of the inner cavity. The left end of the support shaft passes through the bearing and is supported and positioned by it. The right end of the support shaft, the deformation portion, and the sensor output shaft are all suspended and do not contact the housing. The sensor output shaft extends to the right beyond the housing. The strain gauge is attached to the deformation portion. The angle detection module cooperates with the left end of the support shaft. In this invention, the end of the torque elastomer with the strain gauge is not supported and positioned by the bearing, which eliminates the initial torque error introduced by the bearing, significantly improving the sensor's sensitivity to torque measurement and enabling accurate measurement of the minute torque of a micro-motor. This invention can simultaneously measure torque and angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision measuring instrument technology, specifically to a small-range torque angle sensor for high-precision measurement of cogging torque and friction torque of micro motors (hollow cup motors, steering wheel power steering motors, robot joint motors, small gimbal motors). Background Technology

[0002] Currently, micro motors (hollow cups, power steering wheels, robot finger joints, small gimbals) are small in size and have weak output torque, with a range of 1 mN·m and below being a common pain point in the industry for accurate measurement. In existing technologies, torque sensors typically consist of a housing and a torque elastomer. Existing torque sensors generally have two bearings inside the housing, and both ends of the torque elastomer are supported and positioned by the bearings. Due to the friction, clearance, and assembly errors of the bearings themselves, initial torque errors are directly introduced, becoming the absolute source of error for small-range measurements, resulting in insufficient sensitivity, zero-point drift, and inability to stably measure micro-Newton-meter torque. At the same time, it is difficult to balance the strength and linearity of traditional elastomer materials, angle and torque sampling are not synchronized, replacement and maintenance are cumbersome, and lateral external forces can easily damage the sensor, failing to meet the high-precision, high-reliability, and quick-change dynamometer measurement requirements of micro motors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a torque angle sensor for measuring micro torque. The end of the torque elastic body without strain gauge is supported and positioned by a bearing, while the end with strain gauge is not supported and positioned by a bearing. This can eliminate the initial torque error introduced by the bearing, significantly improve the sensor's sensitivity to torque measurement, and achieve the technical objective of accurately measuring the micro torque of a micro motor. At the same time, the sensor can simultaneously measure the rotation angle of the torque elastic body, realizing the synchronous measurement of torque and angle.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque, comprising a housing and a torque elastomer, a bearing, a strain gauge, a PCBA circuit board, and an angle detection module installed within the housing. The housing has an inner cavity, and the torque elastomer is rotatably installed within the inner cavity. The torque elastomer includes a support shaft, a deformation part, and a sensor output shaft. The support shaft, deformation part, and sensor output shaft are integrally formed and connected from left to right. The axis of the support shaft is the same as that of the sensor output shaft. The bearing is fixedly installed within the left end of the inner cavity. The left end of the support shaft passes through the bearing and is supported and positioned by the bearing. The right end of the support shaft, the deformation part, and the sensor output shaft are all suspended and do not contact the housing. The sensor output shaft extends to the right of the housing and is used to connect to the shaft of the motor being measured. The strain gauge is attached to the deformation part and is used to convert the deformation degree of the deformation part into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board. The angle detection module cooperates with the left end of the support shaft and is used to convert the rotation angle of the support shaft into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Since the bearing is fixedly installed inside the left end of the inner cavity, the left end of the support shaft of the torque elastomer passes through the bearing and is supported and positioned by it. The right end of the support shaft, the deformation part, and the sensor output shaft are all suspended and do not contact the housing. The sensor output shaft extends to the right out of the housing, and the strain gauge is attached to the deformation part. Therefore, the end of the torque elastomer with the strain gauge is not supported and positioned by the bearing, which eliminates the initial torque error introduced by the bearing, significantly improves the sensor's sensitivity to torque measurement, achieving a high sensitivity of 0.01 mN•m, enabling accurate measurement of the micro-torque of micro-motors, and stably measuring micro-torques of 1 mN•m and below. Furthermore, since the strain gauge can convert the deformation degree of the deformation part into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board, and the angle detection module cooperates with the left end of the support shaft to convert the rotation angle of the support shaft into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board, this invention can simultaneously measure the rotation angle of the torque elastomer, achieving synchronous measurement of torque and angle.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the torque elastomer is a titanium alloy torque elastomer. Titanium alloy torque elastomers are shape memory metals, balancing strength, hardness, and linearity. They exhibit low creep, extremely low temperature drift and zero-point drift, and improved long-term stability, ensuring long-term zero-point stability and consistent sensitivity.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the deformation part of the torque elastomer includes four deformation plates. The four deformation plates are symmetrical about the axis of the torque elastomer and can achieve dynamic balance during rotation. Each deformation plate is fitted with a strain gauge.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque further includes a transformer, preferably a step-up transformer. The transformer includes a primary coil and a secondary coil. The primary coil is installed outside the right end of the support shaft and can rotate with the support shaft. The strain gauge is electrically connected to the primary coil. The secondary coil is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the housing. The secondary coil is inductively coupled with the primary coil and is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board. When the deformable portion of the torsional elastic body deforms, it triggers the strain gauge to generate an initial voltage. The initial voltage is proportional to the degree of deformation of the deformable portion. For example, when the deformable portion deforms by 0.01 mm, the strain gauge generates an initial voltage of 0.1 mV; when the deformable portion deforms by 0.02 mm, the strain gauge generates an initial voltage of 0.2 mV; and when the deformable portion deforms by 0.03 mm, the strain gauge generates an initial voltage of 0.3 mV. This initial voltage is transmitted to the primary coil. Since the secondary coil is inductively coupled with the primary coil, the secondary coil outputs a new voltage signal and transmits it to the PCBA circuit board. The new voltage signal is also proportional to the initial voltage. For example, when the initial voltage is 0.1 mV, the secondary coil outputs a voltage of 1 mV; when the initial voltage is 0.2 mV, the secondary coil outputs a voltage of 2 mV; and when the initial voltage is 0.3 mV, the secondary coil outputs a voltage of 3 mV.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle detection module includes an annular grating and a sensing head. The annular grating is mounted outside the left end of the support shaft and can rotate with the support shaft. The sensing head is mounted inside the left end of the housing and engages with the annular grating. The sensing head is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board. More preferably, the angle detection module further includes a clamping ring, which is mounted outside the left end of the support shaft and clamps the left side of the annular grating. A positioning pin is provided between the clamping ring and the support shaft. The present invention uses an annular grating, which achieves dynamic balance during rotation. The sensing head does not contact the annular grating and can sense changes in the rotation angle of the annular grating, thereby sensing the rotation angle of the torque elastic body. The clamping ring can firmly clamp the annular grating, and the annular grating can be easily disassembled or installed when removing or installing the clamping ring.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the left end of the housing is provided with an input end cover, and the torque elastomer further includes a sensor input shaft. The sensor input shaft is integrally formed and connected to the left end of the support shaft. The axis of the sensor input shaft and the axis of the support shaft are the same. The sensor input shaft extends to the left of the input end cover without contacting the input end cover, and is used to connect to the rotating shaft of the auxiliary motor. When measuring the torque of the motor under test, the auxiliary motor drives the sensor input shaft to rotate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dust cover is provided at the right end of the housing. The dust cover has a circular hole, and the sensor output shaft extends to the right through the circular hole of the dust cover. The sensor output shaft and the circular hole are in a clearance fit, and the clearance between the sensor output shaft and the circular hole is less than 0.1 mm. The circular hole of the dust cover of the present invention can play a role in preventing lateral pull protection. Since the end with the strain gauge is not supported and positioned by a bearing, when the sensor output shaft is pulled laterally, the sensor output shaft will undergo radial displacement. If the radial displacement of the sensor output shaft is too large, the sensor will be damaged. In the present invention, because a circular hole is provided on the dust cover, and the sensor output shaft is in a clearance fit with the circular hole, and the clearance between the sensor output shaft and the circular hole is less than 0.1 mm, when the sensor output shaft is pulled laterally, the sensor output shaft will be blocked by the inner wall of the circular hole, thereby controlling the radial displacement of the sensor output shaft within 0.1 mm, avoiding damage to the sensor by lateral pull, and achieving the function of preventing lateral pull protection.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular cavity is provided inside the housing, the annular cavity being located outside the inner cavity, and the PCBA circuit board is installed inside the annular cavity. The PCBA circuit board is preferably an annular PCBA circuit board, and the PCBA circuit board is provided with a signal processing circuit for processing the electrical signals transmitted by the strain gauge and the angle detection module. Preferably, the signal processing circuit can amplify the signals transmitted by the strain gauge. A side cover is provided on one side of the annular cavity to protect the PCBA circuit board. A connector is installed on the housing, and the connector is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular connecting seat is provided outside the housing, and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the annular connecting seat. Each connecting hole is provided with a screw, which can pass through the connecting hole and detachably install the annular connecting seat onto an external device. The connector is an aviation socket. This structure enables the housing to be securely installed onto the external device and is easy to assemble and disassemble. The aviation socket has good stability and is easy to plug in. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a first-view diagram of the dispersed structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a second-view diagram of the dispersed structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque, including a housing 1 and a torque elastic body 2, a bearing 3, a strain gauge 4, a PCBA circuit board 5, and an angle detection module 6 installed within the housing 1. The housing 1 has an inner cavity 11, and the torque elastic body 2 is rotatably installed within the inner cavity 11. The torque elastic body 2 includes a support shaft 21, a deformation part 22, and a sensor output shaft 23. The support shaft 21, deformation part 22, and sensor output shaft 23 are integrally formed and connected from left to right. The axis of the support shaft 21 is the same as that of the sensor output shaft 23. The bearing 3 is fixedly installed within the inner cavity. Inside the left end of body 11, the left end of the support shaft 21 passes through the bearing 3 and is supported and positioned by the bearing 3. The right end of the support shaft 21, the deformation part 22, and the sensor output shaft 23 are all suspended and do not contact the housing 1. The sensor output shaft 23 extends to the right out of the housing 1 and is used to connect to the rotating shaft of the motor under test (not shown). The strain gauge 4 is attached to the deformation part 22 and is used to convert the degree of deformation of the deformation part 22 into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board 5. The angle detection module 6 cooperates with the left end of the support shaft 21 and is used to convert the rotation angle of the support shaft 21 into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board 5.

[0020] This invention is applicable to the measurement of micro motors such as coreless motors, steering wheel power steering motors, robot joint motors, and micro gimbal motors. When measuring the minute torque of the motor under test, the sensor output shaft 23 of the torque elastic body 2 is directly connected to the rotating shaft of the motor under test, and the left end of the support shaft 21 of the torque elastic body 2 is directly connected to the rotating shaft of the auxiliary motor. The auxiliary motor drives the torque elastic body 2 to rotate, and the motor under test generates torque. The torque is converted into an electrical signal through the deformation of the torque elastic body 2. During this process, the torque elastic body 2 undergoes elastic deformation. The deformation part 22 of the torque elastic body 2 is usually a hollow sheet part. Therefore, the deformation position of the torque elastic body 2 mainly occurs on the deformation part 22. After the deformation part 22 deforms, it can trigger the strain gauge 4 to generate a minute voltage and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board 5. After the PCBA circuit board 5 processes the signal, it outputs the data, thereby realizing the minute torque measurement. The angle detection module 6 uses a shared hardware timer for both the angle chip and the torque acquisition module to ensure microsecond-level synchronization. The bearingless end only transmits torque without introducing bearing friction. The signal is processed to output synchronized torque and angle values, achieving high-precision measurement of cogging torque and friction torque. Key parameters of this embodiment: (1) Range: 0~±10 mN•m (expandable); (2) Sensitivity: 0.01 mN•m; (3) Initial torque: ≤0.02 mN•m (approaching 0); (4) Torque-angle synchronization accuracy: ≤1μs.

[0021] Because the bearing 3 is fixedly installed inside the left end of the inner cavity 11, the left end of the support shaft 21 of the torque elastic body 2 passes through the bearing 3 and is supported and positioned by the bearing 3. The right end of the support shaft 21, the deformation part 22 and the sensor output shaft 23 are all suspended and do not contact the housing 1. The sensor output shaft 23 extends to the right out of the housing 1, and the strain gauge 4 is attached to the deformation part 22. Therefore, the end of the torque elastic body 2 with the strain gauge 4 is not supported and positioned by the bearing 3, which can eliminate the initial torque error introduced by the bearing 3, significantly improve the sensor's sensitivity to torque measurement, achieve a high sensitivity of 0.01 mN·m, realize accurate measurement of micro-torque of micro motors, and stably measure micro-torque of 1 mN·m and below. Because the strain gauge 4 can convert the deformation degree of the deformation part 22 into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board 5, and the angle detection module 6 cooperates with the left end of the support shaft 21 to convert the rotation angle of the support shaft 21 into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board 5, the present invention can simultaneously measure the rotation angle of the torque elastomer 2, and realize the synchronous measurement of torque and angle.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the torque elastomer 2 is a titanium alloy torque elastomer. Titanium alloy torque elastomers are shape memory metals, balancing strength, hardness, and linearity. They exhibit low creep, extremely low temperature drift and zero-point drift, and improved long-term stability, ensuring long-term zero-point stability and consistent sensitivity.

[0023] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the deformation part 22 of the torque elastic body 2 includes 4 deformation plates. The 4 deformation plates are symmetrical about the axis of the torque elastic body 2 and can achieve dynamic balance when rotating. Each deformation plate is fitted with a strain gauge 4.

[0024] like Figures 2-4As shown, the torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque also includes a transformer, preferably a step-up transformer. The transformer includes a primary coil 7 and a secondary coil (not shown). The primary coil 7 is installed outside the right end of the support shaft 21 and can rotate with the support shaft 21. The strain gauge 4 is electrically connected to the primary coil 7. The secondary coil is fixedly installed inside the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1. The secondary coil is inductively coupled with the primary coil 7. The secondary coil is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board 5. When the deformation portion 22 of the torque elastomer 2 deforms, it triggers the strain gauge 4 to generate an initial voltage. The initial voltage is proportional to the degree of deformation of the deformation portion 22. For example, when the deformation portion 22 deforms by 0.01 mm, the strain gauge 4 generates an initial voltage of 0.1 mV; when the deformation portion 22 deforms by 0.02 mm, the strain gauge 4 generates an initial voltage of 0.2 mV; and when the deformation portion 22 deforms by 0.03 mm, the strain gauge 4 generates an initial voltage of 0.3 mV. This initial voltage is transmitted to the primary coil 7. Since the secondary coil is inductively coupled with the primary coil 7, the secondary coil outputs a new voltage signal and transmits it to the PCBA circuit board 5. The new voltage signal is also proportional to the initial voltage. For example, when the initial voltage is 0.1 mV, the secondary coil outputs a voltage of 1 mV; when the initial voltage is 0.2 mV, the secondary coil outputs a voltage of 2 mV; and when the initial voltage is 0.3 mV, the secondary coil outputs a voltage of 3 mV.

[0025] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the angle detection module 6 includes an annular grating plate 61 and a sensing head 62. The annular grating plate 61 is installed outside the left end of the support shaft 21 and can rotate with the support shaft 21. The sensing head 62 is installed inside the left end of the housing 1. The sensing head 62 is inductively engaged with the annular grating plate 61 and is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board 5. More preferably, the angle detection module 6 also includes a clamping ring 63. The clamping ring 63 is installed outside the left end of the support shaft 21 and clamps the left side of the annular grating plate 61. A positioning pin is provided between the clamping ring 63 and the support shaft 21. This invention uses an annular grating plate 61, which can achieve dynamic balance during rotation. The sensing head 62 does not contact the annular grating plate 61, but can sense the change in the rotation angle of the annular grating plate 61, thereby sensing the rotation angle of the torque elastic body 2. The clamping ring 63 can securely clamp the ring-shaped grating sheet 61, and the ring-shaped grating sheet 61 can be easily disassembled or installed when the clamping ring 63 is removed or installed.

[0026] like Figures 1-4As shown, the left end of the housing 1 is provided with an input end cover 12. The torque elastic body 2 also includes a sensor input shaft 24, which is integrally formed and connected to the left end of the support shaft 21. The axis of the sensor input shaft 24 is the same as that of the support shaft 21. The sensor input shaft 24 extends to the left from the input end cover 12 without contacting it, and is used to connect to the shaft of the test motor (not shown). When measuring the torque of the motor under test, the test motor drives the sensor input shaft 24 to rotate.

[0027] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the right end of the housing 1 is provided with a dust cover 13, the dust cover 13 is provided with a round hole 131, the sensor output shaft 23 extends to the right out of the round hole 131 of the dust cover 13, the sensor output shaft 23 and the round hole 131 are in clearance fit, and the clearance between the sensor output shaft 23 and the round hole 131 is less than 0.1mm. The circular hole 131 of the dust cover 13 of the present invention can play a role in preventing lateral pull protection. Since the end with the strain gauge 4 is not supported and positioned by the bearing 3, when the sensor output shaft 23 is pulled laterally by mistake, the sensor output shaft 23 will be radially offset. When the radial offset of the sensor output shaft 23 is too large, the sensor will be damaged. In the present invention, a circular hole 131 is provided on the dust cover 13, and the sensor output shaft 23 and the circular hole 131 are fitted with a clearance, and the clearance between the sensor output shaft 23 and the circular hole 131 is less than 0.1 mm. Therefore, when the sensor output shaft 23 is pulled laterally by mistake, the sensor output shaft 23 will be blocked by the inner wall of the circular hole 131, thereby controlling the radial offset of the sensor output shaft 23 to within 0.1 mm, avoiding damage to the sensor by lateral pull, and achieving the function of preventing lateral pull protection.

[0028] like Figures 2-4 As shown, an annular cavity 14 is provided inside the housing 1, and the annular cavity 14 is located outside the inner cavity 11. The PCBA circuit board 5 is installed inside the annular cavity 14. The PCBA circuit board 5 is preferably an annular PCBA circuit board 5. The PCBA circuit board 5 is provided with a signal processing circuit for processing the electrical signals transmitted by the strain gauge 4 and the angle detection module 6. Preferably, the signal processing circuit can amplify the signal transmitted by the strain gauge 4. A side cover 15 is provided on one side of the annular cavity 14 to protect the PCBA circuit board 5. A connector 8 is installed on the housing 1, and the connector 8 is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board 5.

[0029] like Figures 1-4As shown, an annular connecting seat 16 is provided outside the housing 1. The annular connecting seat 16 has several connecting holes 161, each with a screw. The screws pass through the connecting holes 161, allowing the annular connecting seat 16 to be detachably installed on an external device. The connector 8 is an aviation socket. This structure allows the housing 1 to be securely installed on the external device and is easy to assemble and disassemble. The aviation socket offers good stability and is easy to plug in.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque, characterized in that: The device includes a housing and a torque elastomer, bearing, strain gauge, PCBA circuit board, and angle detection module installed within the housing. The housing has an inner cavity, and the torque elastomer is rotatably installed within this cavity. The torque elastomer includes a support shaft, a deformation section, and a sensor output shaft. These components are integrally formed and connected from left to right. The support shaft and sensor output shaft have the same axis. The bearing is fixedly installed within the left end of the inner cavity. The left end of the support shaft passes through the bearing and is supported and positioned by it. The right end of the support shaft, the deformation section, and the sensor output shaft are all suspended and do not contact the housing. The sensor output shaft extends to the right of the housing and is used to connect to the shaft of the motor under test. The strain gauge is attached to the deformation section to convert the deformation degree of the deformation section into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board. The angle detection module cooperates with the left end of the support shaft to convert the rotation angle of the support shaft into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PCBA circuit board.

2. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque elastomer is a titanium alloy torque elastomer.

3. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation section of the torque elastomer includes four deformation plates, which are symmetrical about the axis of the torque elastomer, and strain gauges are attached to each deformation plate.

4. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a transformer, which includes a primary coil and a secondary coil. The primary coil is installed outside the right end of the support shaft and can rotate with the support shaft. The strain gauge is electrically connected to the primary coil. The secondary coil is fixedly installed inside the inner cavity of the housing. The secondary coil is inductively coupled with the primary coil and is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board.

5. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle detection module includes an annular grating and a sensing head. The annular grating is installed outside the left end of the support shaft and can rotate with the support shaft. The sensing head is installed inside the left end of the housing. The sensing head is inductively engaged with the annular grating and is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board.

6. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle detection module also includes a clamping ring, which is installed outside the left end of the support shaft and clamps the left side of the annular grating sheet. A positioning pin is provided between the clamping ring and the support shaft.

7. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the housing is provided with an input end cover. The torque elastomer also includes a sensor input shaft. The sensor input shaft is integrally formed and connected to the left end of the support shaft. The axis of the sensor input shaft is the same as that of the support shaft. The sensor input shaft extends to the left of the input end cover without contacting the input end cover, and is used to connect to the rotating shaft of the test motor.

8. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of the housing is provided with a dust cover with a round hole. The sensor output shaft extends to the right through the round hole of the dust cover. The sensor output shaft and the round hole are fitted with a clearance, and the clearance between the sensor output shaft and the round hole is less than 0.1 mm.

9. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing has an annular cavity located outside the inner cavity. The PCBA circuit board is installed inside the annular cavity and has a signal processing circuit for processing electrical signals transmitted from the strain gauge and angle detection module. A side cover is provided on one side of the annular cavity. A connector is installed on the housing and is electrically connected to the PCBA circuit board.

10. The torque angle sensor for measuring minute torque according to claim 9, characterized in that: The housing is provided with an annular connector, which has several connection holes. Each connection hole has a screw, which can pass through the connection hole and detachably install the annular connector onto an external device. The connector is an aviation socket.

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