A device and method for testing ice blockage prevention performance of ice-water two-phase flow

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ice water two-phase flow anti-icing performance testing device and testing method, it is related to solid-liquid two-phase flow experimental equipment technical field.The application provides a kind of testing device, it includes ice water mixture fluid supply system and with multiple interface entrance component test section.The ice water mixture fluid supply system can prepare and long time maintain ice water mixture flow with constant ice content, ice crystal uniform suspension by built-in anti-agglomeration stirring component and external quantitative solid particle supply device.The multiple interface entrance component integrates at least two different principles or ways of heat source interface, such as first heat source interface for introducing high-temperature fluid and second heat source interface for electric heating.The application realizes stable and repeatable ice blockage experiment working condition by the above scheme, and can compare and verify the efficiency of various heat force dredging techniques on the same platform, with the beneficial effects of high working condition stability, high functional integration, high data value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine engineering and thermal energy engineering technology, specifically relating to an experimental device for solid-liquid two-phase flow, and more particularly to a comprehensive testing device and corresponding method for simulating the ice blockage formation characteristics of marine coolers and other equipment when operating in icy waters and verifying the heat flow unblocking performance. Background Technology

[0002] With global climate change, the commercial value of the Arctic shipping route is becoming increasingly prominent, making the research and application of polar vessels a hot topic. However, when ships navigate through ice-covered areas, their seawater cooling systems often face the risk of pipe and heat exchanger blockage due to the ingestion of sea ice debris (ice crystals), which seriously threatens the safe operation of the ship's propulsion system. In order to develop effective anti-ice-blocking strategies, researchers urgently need to reproduce and study the complex flow heat transfer process of "ice-water two-phase flow" in the laboratory.

[0003] Existing experimental setups are mainly used for routine heat transfer performance testing, and have the following significant drawbacks when used for ice blockage research:

[0004] 1. Difficulty in preparing and maintaining the working condition: The density of ice crystals (approximately 900 kg / m³) 3 Ice crystals are smaller than water, and in existing static or simply agitated circulating water tanks, they easily float to the surface and condense into clumps. This causes huge fluctuations in the ice particulate fraction (IPF) at the inlet of the circulating pump, making it difficult to maintain a constant experimental condition (e.g., a constant 15% ice particulate fraction) for a long time, which greatly reduces the repeatability and reliability of experimental results.

[0005] 2. Lack of Verification Function for Anti-icing Technology: Existing test benches typically focus only on heat exchange performance, and their structural design does not consider the verification needs of anti-icing technologies. Especially in critical, easily clogged areas such as the heat exchanger inlet end caps, there are no pre-installed composite interfaces for connecting different anti-icing devices (such as steam generators and high-power electric heating sources). This results in the evaluation of different anti-icing technologies (such as "steam backflushing" and "electric heating melting") being conducted at different times, with different equipment, and even under different experimental conditions, creating asynchronous comparisons like "apple versus orange." This prevents researchers from obtaining reliable and directly comparable performance data on the same experimental platform, severely restricting the optimization process of anti-icing strategies and significantly increasing research costs and time.

[0006] 3. Poor fluid mixing uniformity: Some experimental setups use simple stirring tanks to mix ice and water. However, under centrifugal force, ice crystals easily adhere to the tank wall and rotate, or form ice-free vortex cavities in the central region. This results in extremely uneven spatial distribution of ice crystals entering the test section, severely affecting the accuracy of experimental data. Furthermore, this simple mixing method cannot realistically simulate the microscopic ice blockage initiation process in local flow field dead zones such as the edge of heat exchanger heads.

[0007] 4. Limited monitoring methods: Existing devices generally lack targeted monitoring methods for key areas of ice blockage initiation, such as dead zones in the flow field (e.g., eddy zones), making it difficult to capture detailed physical information on the initial microscopic deposition and development of ice blockage (e.g., instantaneous changes in local temperature and pressure fields), thus limiting a deeper understanding of the ice blockage mechanism.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of testing device that can fundamentally solve the above problems and provide a stable, integrated, and refined experimental platform for the study of ice blockage mechanism and the development of anti-ice blockage technology. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a test device and test method for ice-water two-phase flow anti-icing performance. The main technical problem it solves is: how to stably and uniformly prepare and transport ice-water mixture in a laboratory environment, and to visualize and quantify the ice blockage process of the test specimen throughout the entire process and in multiple physical fields, while integrating multiple thermal unblocking methods for performance comparison and verification.

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for testing the anti-icing performance of a two-phase ice-water flow, comprising a circulation loop for conveying fluid and a test section disposed on the circulation loop, and further comprising:

[0011] An ice-water mixture fluid supply system, connected to the circulation loop, is used to prepare and supply the ice-water mixture, the ice-water mixture fluid supply system comprising:

[0012] A fluid mixing tank for containing fluids;

[0013] An anti-condensation stirring assembly is installed within the fluid mixing tank. This assembly generates a preset flow field within the fluid mixing tank to maintain the ice crystal particles in a suspended state within the liquid.

[0014] A quantitative solid particle supply device connected to the fluid mixing tank is used to supply ice crystal particles into the fluid mixing tank at a preset rate.

[0015] as well as,

[0016] A multi-interface inlet component is disposed at the entrance of the test section. The multi-interface inlet component integrates at least two heat source interfaces, including a first heat source interface and a second heat source interface. The heating principle or heating method of the first heat source interface and the second heat source interface are different, wherein the second heat source interface is an electric heat source interface.

[0017] This invention, by setting up an ice-water mixture fluid supply system including an anti-condensation stirring component and a quantitative solid particle supply device, can actively and precisely control the suspension state and overall concentration of ice crystals in the mixing tank, ensuring a stable and uniform ice content in the ice-water mixture entering the test section from the source, thus solving the core problem of unstable operating conditions in the prior art. Simultaneously, by setting up a multi-interface inlet component integrating two different heat source interfaces at the test section inlet, it becomes possible to conduct heating and unblocking experiments based on different principles on the same device, solving the problems of single function and inability to compare and verify in the prior art.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anti-condensation stirring assembly is used to generate an axial circulating flow containing a vertical component within the fluid mixing tank to overcome the gravitational buoyancy of the ice crystal particles. This specific flow field pattern can efficiently bring the ice crystals that are about to float back into the bulk fluid, achieving uniform suspension.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blades of the anti-condensation stirring assembly are designed with an upward-pushing structure to generate an upward turbulent flow. This structure can forcibly break up any floating ice layers that may form on the water surface, ensuring that ice crystals are uniformly suspended.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluid mixing tank is internally equipped with a flow guiding and stabilizing component, which divides the interior of the fluid mixing tank into a first zone for receiving reflux from the circulation loop and a second zone for mixing and stirring. The outlets of the anti-agglomeration stirring component and the quantitative solid particle supply device are both located in the second zone. This partitioning design achieves functional isolation; the first zone (reflux settling zone) is used to eliminate kinetic disturbances in the reflux water, while the second zone (stirring and feeding zone) focuses on generating a uniform ice-water mixture. The two zones do not interfere with each other, further improving the stability of the system.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding and stabilizing component includes a vertically arranged baffle and an overflow structure disposed on the upper part of the baffle. Fluid from the first zone enters the second zone via the overflow structure. The overflow structure (such as a sawtooth overflow weir) can effectively ensure a smooth transition of water flow, avoiding the disruption of the uniform mixing state in the second zone by large fluid impacts.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the fluid mixing tank has a converging structure to prevent particle deposition. For example, a funnel-shaped or inverted cone-shaped bottom design can effectively eliminate dead corners and prevent ice crystals from accumulating in the corners.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quantitative solid particle supply device is a screw conveyor, a star feeder, or a vibrating feeder. These devices enable continuous, precise, and adjustable-rate supply of ice crystal particles.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first heat source interface is a fluid heat source interface for introducing high-temperature fluid; the second heat source interface is an electrothermal heat source interface for heating through electrothermal conversion. These two heating methods based on different physical principles cover the current mainstream thermal unblocking technology routes.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluid heat source interface is a steam jet port tangentially arranged along the inner wall of the multi-interface inlet assembly; the electric heat source interface is an installation interface for mounting a resistance heating rod or an electromagnetic induction coil. The tangential steam jet can generate a strong swirling thermal shock, effectively scouring the pipe wall; while the electric heating in the central region can precisely melt the dead zone with the lowest flow velocity and the easiest freezing.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a temperature control unit that exchanges heat with the fluid mixing tank to maintain the temperature of the liquid inside the fluid mixing tank within a preset range. This unit (such as an external refrigeration unit and a cooling coil on the tank) can compensate for the heat generated by the ambient heat and the power consumption of the water pump, preventing ice crystals from melting too quickly during circulation and ensuring long-term stable operation of the experiment.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a multiphysics sensor array, which includes temperature sensors and / or pressure sensors disposed inside or on the surface of the test section. By arranging dense temperature measuring points (such as thermocouple clusters) and high-frequency dynamic pressure sensors, the multiphysics dynamic characteristics during the occurrence and development of ice blockage can be accurately captured in real time, providing high-value data for mechanism research.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention also provides a test method for the anti-icing performance of ice-water two-phase flow, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1: Generate and maintain a stable ice-water mixture flow: In the fluid mixing tank, ice crystal particles are added at a preset rate through a quantitative solid particle supply device, and the fluid in the tank is stirred by an anti-condensation stirring component to generate and maintain an ice-water mixture flow with ice content within a preset range and uniform suspension of ice crystal particles.

[0030] S2: Delivery and monitoring: The ice-water mixture is pumped into a circulation loop and flows through a test section while the operating parameters of the test section are monitored.

[0031] S3: Simulate ice blockage and trigger unblocking: When ice blockage occurs in the test section or its operating parameters reach the preset ice blockage threshold, heat is applied through the first heat source interface or the second heat source interface connected to the entrance of the test section to perform unblocking operation. The heating principle or heating method of the first heat source interface and the second heat source interface are different.

[0032] S4: Evaluate the dredging effect: Record and analyze the changes in operating parameters during the dredging operation to evaluate the dredging effect.

[0033] The method provided by this invention ensures the stability and repeatability of the test conditions through a unique ice-water mixture flow preparation step, and through integrated unblocking and evaluation steps, it can efficiently complete the performance evaluation of different unblocking strategies in a complete experimental process.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the stirring generates an axial circulating flow containing a vertical component to overcome the gravity and buoyancy of the ice crystal particles and maintain their suspension.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, high-temperature steam is introduced through the first heat source interface to generate swirling thermal shock for unblocking; and / or, the preset low-speed flow field is locally heated and unblocked through the electric heating element (such as a resistance heating rod or an electromagnetic induction coil) at the second heat source interface.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: performing unblocking operations using the first heat source interface and the second heat source interface respectively, and comparing the unblocking effects of the two unblocking operations. This allows the method to directly output a comparison of the performance advantages and disadvantages of different technical solutions, and has high engineering application value.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. High operating stability and strong data repeatability: This invention fundamentally solves the technical problem of ice content fluctuation caused by ice crystal floating and agglomeration through the combination design of "anti-agglomeration stirring + quantitative spiral feeding". It can maintain a constant ice content within ±1% error range for a long time, providing a solid foundation for obtaining highly reliable and repeatable experimental data.

[0039] 2. Highly integrated functions and excellent experimental cost-effectiveness: This invention has innovatively designed a test section end cap with dual heat source interfaces, integrating multiple scientific research tasks such as fluid dynamics research, steam de-icing experiments and electric heating de-icing experiments into a single test bench, realizing platform sharing and significantly reducing the hardware investment cost of scientific research equipment and the occupation of experimental space.

[0040] 3. Rich monitoring dimensions and high data value: This invention combines multiple methods such as visualization observation, high-density temperature field measurement and high-frequency pressure pulsation monitoring, which can establish a dynamic correspondence between "macroscopic flow field characteristics and microscopic ice blockage degree". The high-value physical data obtained can be directly used to support the development and verification of advanced intelligent anti-ice blockage control algorithms.

[0041] 4. High simulation fidelity: Through the specially designed partitioned water tank and anti-condensation stirring system, not only is the uniformity of ice crystal distribution in the mainstream area guaranteed, but also a more realistic simulation environment is provided for studying the microscopic ice blockage initiation process in local dead zones such as the edge of the end cap. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. These drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-icing system device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a simplified flowchart of an anti-icing blockage system device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the ice-water mixture fluid supply system in this invention.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ice-water mixture fluid supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-interface entry component in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a block diagram illustrating the overall system principle of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the condenser structure that can be used in the test section of this invention.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Ice-water mixture fluid supply system; 1A. Quantitative solid particle supply device; 1B. Anti-agglomeration stirring assembly; 1C. Flow guiding and stabilizing assembly; 1D. First zone; 1E. Second zone; 2. Circulation pump; 3. Test section; 3A. Multi-interface inlet assembly; 3B. First heat source interface; 3C. Second heat source interface; 4. First heat source supply device; 5. Temperature control unit; 6. Data acquisition and control system; 301. Cooling water outlet; 302. Cooling water inlet; 303. Tube sheet; 304. Baffle plate; 305. Receiver interface; 306. Temperature sensor; 307. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions (including preferred technical solutions) of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of listing some optional embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides a device for testing the anti-icing performance of ice-water two-phase flow. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The device mainly consists of a closed-loop test system comprising an ice-water mixture fluid supply system 1, a circulating pump 2, a test section 3, a first heat source supply device 4 (such as a steam generator), a temperature control unit 5 (such as a refrigeration unit), and a data acquisition and control system 6 (such as a PLC measurement and control system). The core component of the ice-water mixture fluid supply system 1 is a fluid mixing tank (i.e.,... Figure 2 The container shown on the left (with stirring and ice-adding markings) is used to prepare an ice-water mixture.

[0054] In this embodiment, the ice-water mixture fluid supply system 1, which is the core of the device, is mainly a specially designed, partitioned fluid mixing tank. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the water tank is externally wrapped with a polyurethane insulation layer to reduce heat exchange with the outside environment. The interior of the tank is divided into two functional zones by a vertical flow guiding and stabilizing component 1C (baffle): zone 1D (return settling zone) and zone 1E (mixing and feeding zone). The upper part of the flow guiding and stabilizing component 1C has a serrated overflow weir structure. The ice-water mixture returning from test section 3 first enters zone 1D, where its flow kinetic energy is initially dissipated, and then it overflows smoothly into zone 1E through the overflow weir.

[0055] Within the second section 1E, the key components of this invention—an anti-agglomeration stirring assembly 1B and a quantitative solid particle supply device 1A—are installed. The core function of the anti-agglomeration stirring assembly 1B is to generate a circulating flow field containing a significant vertical component. In this embodiment, it is specifically a double-layered frame stirring paddle driven by a motor. The paddle blades are specially designed to push upwards, generating an overall upward axial circulating flow within the second section 1E during rotation (e.g., adjustable from 30-60 rpm). This upward flow field component effectively overcomes the upward floating tendency of ice crystal particles due to their lower density than water, forcibly drawing ice crystals near the liquid surface into the depths of the fluid, thereby maintaining a uniform suspension of ice crystals throughout the second section 1E and fundamentally preventing the problem of ice crystals agglomerating on the liquid surface. It is understood that any stirring device capable of achieving a similar flow field pattern, such as a ribbon stirring paddle or a specific combination of inclined blades, can achieve the purpose of this invention and fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0056] In this embodiment, the quantitative solid particle supply device 1A is specifically a screw conveyor installed on top of the water tank. Its hopper is pre-filled with crushed ice crystals. By controlling the rotational speed of its drive motor through the data acquisition and control system 6, the rate at which ice crystals are added to the second zone 1E can be precisely controlled. By adjusting the ice-adding rate and working in conjunction with the temperature control unit 5, the ice content (IPF) of the system's circulating fluid can be continuously and precisely adjusted within the range of 5% to 30%, and stabilized within ±1% of the target value for an extended period.

[0057] To prevent ice crystals from accumulating in corners, the bottom of the second section 1E is designed with a collection structure, specifically an inverted cone with a cone angle of 60°. The suction port of the circulation pump 2 is located at the lowest point of this inverted cone, ensuring that ice crystals can be smoothly sucked in and avoiding ice accumulation in dead corners.

[0058] In this embodiment, the temperature control unit 5 is an external industrial chiller unit. Its refrigerant circulates through the cooling coil integrated on the outer wall of the water tank, keeping the temperature of the water in the tank constant between -1°C and 0°C to compensate for the heat generated by factors such as water pump power consumption and environmental heat transfer, and to prevent ice crystals from melting too quickly during the circulation process.

[0059] Please see Figure 5 In this embodiment, test section 3 (can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger simulating a marine cooler, such as...) Figure 7 As shown, a specially designed multi-port inlet assembly 3A, namely an improved dual-heat-source head, is installed at the inlet end. This head integrates two different types of heat source interfaces. The first heat source interface 3B is a fluid heat source interface, specifically a steam injection port opened at a 45° angle tangentially along the side wall of the head, which is connected to the first heat source supply device 4 via a pipe. Figure 2As shown, the first heat source supply device 4 includes a steam generator 7 and a matching desuperheating water tank. Figure 2 As shown in the upper box (used for auxiliary steam generation or regulation), this desuperheating water tank is independent of the fluid mixing tank in the aforementioned ice-water mixture fluid supply system 1. When steam venting is required, high-temperature, high-pressure steam is injected tangentially from this opening, creating a strong swirling thermal shock within the end cap, efficiently peeling off and melting the ice accumulated at the tube sheet 303 and the tube opening. The second heat source interface 3C is an electric heat source interface, specifically a flange blind plate interface pre-reserved at the center of the end cap face, used to install an armored electric heating rod (resistance heating). This interface location typically corresponds to the area with the lowest flow velocity within the end cap, which is the "dead zone" where ice blockage is most likely to occur. By activating the electric heating rod, this dead zone can be precisely and locally heated and melted.

[0060] In addition, the device is equipped with a multiphysics sensor array. Temperature sensors 306 with no fewer than 12 measuring points are arranged on the surface of the tube sheet 303 and inside the tube bundle in test section 3 to monitor sudden temperature changes during the ice blockage process. Pressure sensors 307 with a sampling frequency of no less than 100Hz are installed at the inlet and outlet of test section 3 to capture pressure pulsation characteristics during the occurrence, development, and collapse of ice blockage. All sensor signals are connected to the data acquisition and control system 6 to achieve synchronous data acquisition, storage, and analysis.

[0061] The aforementioned anti-agglomeration stirring assembly 1B is not limited to a double-layer frame stirring paddle; it can also employ a ribbon stirring paddle or any other stirring device capable of generating a stable, top-down and then bottom-up axial large circulation flow. Similarly, the quantitative solid particle supply device 1A is not limited to a screw conveyor; any device capable of achieving a stable and controllable rate of solid particle supply, such as a star feeder or a vibrating feeder, can achieve the same function. In addition to mounting a resistance heating rod, the second heat source interface 3C can also be designed as a structure for placing an electromagnetic induction heating coil, enabling non-contact heating of metal components such as tube sheets through induction heating, which is also within the scope of this invention.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a test method for the anti-icing performance of ice-water two-phase flow based on the device described in Embodiment 1. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] S101: System preparation and operating condition establishment. Start the temperature control unit 5 to cool the water in the fluid mixing tank to near freezing point. Start the circulation pump 2 to circulate pure water throughout the system. Start the anti-condensation stirring assembly 1B. Subsequently, start the metered solid particle supply device 1A to begin uniformly adding ice crystals into the second zone 1E. The data acquisition and control system 6 monitors the ice content of the circulating fluid in real time and adjusts the feeding rate of the metered solid particle supply device 1A accordingly until the ice content in the system reaches and stabilizes at a preset target value, for example, 15% ± 1%.

[0065] S102: Ice Blockage Simulation and Process Monitoring. A stable ice-water mixture is continuously pumped into test section 3. Hot fluid can be introduced into the other side of test section 3 (e.g., the tube side) to simulate condenser operation. At this time, the data acquisition and control system 6 fully activates monitoring, recording in real-time pressure, differential pressure, flow rate at the inlet and outlet of test section 3, as well as the temperature at multiple internal points. As ice crystals continuously deposit at locations such as tube sheet 303 and tube openings, ice blockage gradually forms, manifested as a sharp increase in differential pressure and a decrease in flow rate across test section 3.

[0066] S103: Thermal unblocking operation and data acquisition. When the monitored pressure difference exceeds the preset ice blockage alarm threshold, the unblocking operation is triggered.

[0067] Unblocking Scheme A (Steam Backflushing): Start the first heat source supply device 4, open the valve leading to the first heat source interface 3B, and inject high-temperature steam into the multi-interface inlet assembly 3A. The data acquisition and control system 6 continuously records the changes in pressure difference, flow rate, and temperature field during this process at high frequency.

[0068] Unblocking Solution B (Electric Heating Melting): The electric heating rod connected to the second heat source interface 3C is activated to supply power and heat the device. The data acquisition and control system 6 also continuously records various parameters throughout the unblocking process at high frequency.

[0069] S104: Evaluation of Unblocking Effectiveness. After the unblocking operation is completed, heating is stopped. A comparative analysis is conducted on the time required for the pressure difference in test section 3 to recover from its peak to normal level, the energy consumed (steam or electricity), and the response characteristics of the internal temperature field under unblocking schemes A and B. These quantitative indicators allow for an objective and quantitative evaluation of the performance advantages and disadvantages of the two different unblocking technologies.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] The core idea of ​​the device and method described in this invention is not only applicable to simulating ice blockage problems in marine coolers, but can also be extended to other industrial fields. For example, in the field of deep-sea oil and gas transportation, the formation and blockage of natural gas hydrates (commonly known as "combustible ice") pose a significant challenge to pipeline safety.

[0072] In this embodiment, test section 3 is replaced with a high-pressure transparent pipe section simulating a deep-sea environment. The ice-water mixture fluid supply system 1 is used to prepare hydrate slurry. At this time, the quantitative solid particle supply device supplies hydrate seed crystals. The temperature control unit 5 and the system pressure control unit (not shown) work together to create the temperature and pressure conditions for the formation and stable existence of hydrates.

[0073] When hydrate blockage occurs within the simulated pipe section, the blockage decomposition experiment can be conducted using the first heat source interface (through which hot water or a hot chemical inhibitor solution can be introduced) and the second heat source interface (with an installed electric heating belt, resistance heating rod, or induction heating coil) on the multi-port inlet assembly. Through the apparatus and method of this invention, the blockage mechanism of hydrates under different transport conditions can be studied efficiently and reproducibly, and the effectiveness and economy of different decomposition technologies (such as thermal decomposition and chemical decomposition) can be compared and evaluated, providing a basis for the safe transportation of deep-sea oil and gas.

[0074] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, combinations, substitutions, improvements, etc., made under the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the anti-icing performance of ice-water two-phase flow, comprising a circulation loop for conveying fluid and a test section disposed on the circulation loop, characterized in that, Also includes: An ice-water mixture fluid supply system, connected to the circulation loop, is used to prepare and supply the ice-water mixture, the ice-water mixture fluid supply system comprising: A fluid mixing tank for containing fluids; An anti-condensation stirring assembly is installed within the fluid mixing tank. This assembly generates a preset flow field within the fluid mixing tank to maintain the ice crystal particles in a suspended state within the liquid. A quantitative solid particle supply device connected to the fluid mixing tank is used to supply ice crystal particles into the fluid mixing tank at a preset rate. as well as, A multi-interface inlet component is disposed at the inlet of the test section. The multi-interface inlet component integrates at least two heat source interfaces, including a first heat source interface and a second heat source interface. The heating principle or heating method of the first heat source interface and the second heat source interface are different.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-condensation stirring assembly is used to generate an axial circulating flow containing a vertical component within the fluid mixing tank to overcome the gravitational buoyancy of the ice crystal particles.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid mixing tank is equipped with a flow guiding and stabilizing component, which divides the interior of the fluid mixing tank into a first section for receiving backflow and a second section for mixing and stirring. The fluid in the first section enters the second section via an overflow structure. Furthermore, the bottom of the fluid mixing tank has a collection structure.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat source interface is a fluid heat source interface for introducing high-temperature fluid, and the second heat source interface is an electric heat source interface for heating through electrothermal conversion effect.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature control unit that exchanges heat with the fluid mixing tank to maintain the temperature of the liquid in the fluid mixing tank within a preset range.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multiphysics sensor array, which includes temperature sensors and / or pressure sensors disposed inside or on the surface of the test section.

7. A test method for the anti-icing performance of ice-water two-phase flow, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Generate and maintain a stable ice-water mixture flow: In the fluid mixing tank, ice crystal particles are added at a preset rate through a quantitative solid particle supply device, and the fluid in the tank is stirred by an anti-condensation stirring component to generate and maintain an ice-water mixture flow with ice content within a preset range and uniform suspension of ice crystal particles. S2: Delivery and monitoring: The ice-water mixture is pumped into a circulation loop and flows through a test section while the operating parameters of the test section are monitored. S3: Simulate ice blockage and trigger unblocking: When ice blockage occurs in the test section or its operating parameters reach the preset ice blockage threshold, heat is applied through the first heat source interface or the second heat source interface connected to the entrance of the test section to perform unblocking operation. The heating principle or heating method of the first heat source interface and the second heat source interface are different. S4: Evaluate the dredging effect: Record and analyze the changes in operating parameters during the dredging operation to evaluate the dredging effect.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, the stirring generates an axial circulating flow containing a vertical component to overcome the gravity and buoyancy of the ice crystal particles and maintain their suspension.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, high-temperature steam is introduced through the first heat source interface to generate swirling thermal shock for unblocking; and / or, the preset low-speed zone of the flow field is locally heated by the electric heating element at the second heat source interface for unblocking.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: performing unblocking operations using the first heat source interface and the second heat source interface respectively, and comparing the unblocking effects of the two unblocking operations.

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