Organic-inorganic synergistic waste water-free thermal solid waste treatment device and method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to solid waste treatment technical field, especially to a kind of organic-inorganic synergic wasteless hot solid waste treatment device and method thereof.Its device includes reaction kettle, filtrate component, stirring component, heating component, cooling component, filtrate component is installed in the inner chamber of reaction kettle and the inner chamber of reaction kettle is divided into upper chamber and lower chamber, upper chamber is used as the reaction chamber of organic solid waste, lower chamber is used as the reaction chamber of inorganic solid waste, stirring component penetrates upper chamber and lower chamber and respectively organic solid waste, inorganic solid waste is stirred, upper chamber and lower chamber are respectively provided with cooling component, heating component is installed on reaction kettle, reaction kettle is positioned in upper chamber, lower chamber and is equipped with openable and closable material inlet and outlet.The design of double-layer chamber structure and filtrate device realizes organic and inorganic solid waste synchronous, coordinated transformation, and ensures that whole process is wasteless liquid discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment technology, and in particular to an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In current engineering practice, organic and inorganic solid wastes are often treated separately using independent technical routes. Organic solid waste is typically treated through composting, anaerobic digestion, and incineration, with its effective transformation processes mostly concentrated in low-to-medium temperature biological or thermochemical processes. Inorganic solid waste is mostly disposed of through landfilling and stockpiling, or used as an admixture in building materials such as cement and concrete to achieve a certain degree of resource utilization. Due to the significant differences between the two types of solid waste in terms of process conditions, reaction mechanisms, and product forms, actual engineering projects often require the configuration and operation of two relatively independent treatment systems. This results in long process chains, low system integration, insufficient synergistic utilization, and problems such as high energy consumption, insufficient resource utilization, and pressure on secondary pollution control.

[0003] In summary, the main problems and shortcomings of existing technologies can be categorized into the following four aspects: First, pollution control primarily relies on "media transfer," making it difficult to achieve source reduction and long-term stabilization. Existing treatment methods often transfer pollutants from one medium to another, failing to achieve complete harmlessness and stabilization. For example, sludge incineration converts organic pollutants and moisture into flue gas pollutants and fly ash; landfilling essentially transfers pollutants from the surface to underground for long-term storage, with leachate risks being persistent and cumulative; the simple building material utilization of some inorganic solid waste may be affected by weathering, carbonization, and wetting during its service life, posing risks of slow release and leaching of heavy metals. Especially in the hydrothermal treatment stage, the generated hydrothermal wastewater has a complex composition, is difficult to reuse, has high subsequent disposal costs, and lacks mature engineering pathways, objectively creating the problem of "transforming water pollution pressure into high-cost hazardous waste disposal pressure."

[0004] Second, the resource utilization pathways are limited, resulting in low product added value. Existing technologies for solid waste resource utilization mostly remain at the level of admixtures, backfilling, or low-value utilization, lacking systematic development of its materials science potential. For organic matter rich in humic acid components, applications focus on traditional directions such as fertilizers / soil improvement, without fully exploring its role as a natural polymer modifier, complexing activator, or reaction promoting medium in material synthesis and structural reconstruction. This low level of resource utilization leads to insufficient industrial economics and makes it difficult to form a stable market-driven mechanism.

[0005] Third, the energy and material consumption is relatively high, limiting the economic efficiency of the process. Some existing processes rely on high temperatures (such as incineration) or high dosage (such as the large amounts of water and chemicals used in cement-based solidification and wet treatment), resulting in high levels of energy consumption, material consumption, and carbon emissions; at the same time, they increase raw material and operating costs, reducing the overall economic efficiency and sustainability of the process.

[0006] Fourth, organic and inorganic solid waste treatment systems are relatively isolated and lack synergistic mechanisms. Existing engineering systems typically separate organic and inorganic solid waste into composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration, or building material disposal chains, resulting in weak connections and insufficient synergy between systems. In fact, organic solid waste is rich in carbon sources and active functional groups, while inorganic solid waste is rich in metal elements and silicon-aluminum network structures. The two have potential complementarity in terms of reaction environment control, activation promotion, and pollutant stabilization. However, the traditional separate treatment model not only increases logistics and disposal costs but also misses the technological space to utilize organic conversion products to in-situ control inorganic reaction processes and achieve synergistic effects of "waste-to-waste" treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater thermal solid waste treatment device and method, aiming to overcome the problems of high energy consumption, difficulty in achieving synergistic conversion of different solid wastes under the same operating conditions, and the need for external discharge and disposal of hydrothermal waste liquid in existing solid waste hydrothermal treatment processes.

[0008] This invention provides an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device, comprising a reaction vessel, a filtrate component, a stirring component, a heating component, and a cooling component. The filtrate component is installed in the inner cavity of the reaction vessel and divides the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber serves as the reaction chamber for organic solid waste, and the lower chamber serves as the reaction chamber for inorganic solid waste. The stirring component penetrates both the upper and lower chambers and stirs the organic and inorganic solid wastes respectively. Cooling components are respectively provided in the upper and lower chambers. The heating component is installed on the reaction vessel. The reaction vessel has switchable material inlets and outlets in both the upper and lower chambers.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the filtrate component includes a filtrate intermediate layer, which has a microporous structure that allows only liquid to pass through.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the filtrate component further includes a lifting piston and a filtrate controller. The intermediate filtrate layer includes a first filtrate layer and a second filtrate layer. The first filtrate layer is movably connected to the inside of the reaction vessel, and the second filtrate layer is fixed inside the reaction vessel. Both the first filtrate layer and the second filtrate layer are provided with micropores, and the micropores of the first filtrate layer and the micropores of the second filtrate layer are misaligned. The filtrate controller is installed on the outer wall of the reaction vessel. One end of the lifting piston is connected to the filtrate controller, and the other end of the lifting piston extends into the reaction vessel and is connected to the first filtrate layer.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the intermediate layer is made of sintered metal or porous ceramic material.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the stirring component includes a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is installed at one end of the reaction vessel, and the stirring shaft is connected to the output end of the stirring motor. The stirring shaft passes through the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and stirring paddles are respectively installed on the stirring shaft located in the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cooling component includes an internal cooling coil, which is installed in the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and the internal cooling coil is connected to a coolant supply device.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating component includes a heating sleeve that wraps around the outside of the reactor, and the heating area of ​​the heating sleeve covers the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste using an organic-inorganic synergistic approach, implemented based on the aforementioned organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device, comprising the following steps: S1. Open the material inlet and outlet of the upper chamber and add the pre-mixed organic solid waste and liquid medium into the upper chamber; open the material inlet and outlet of the lower chamber and add the weighed inorganic solid waste into the lower chamber; close the material inlet and outlet of the upper and lower chambers; start the stirring and heating components; under the set temperature and reaction time conditions, the organic solid waste in the upper chamber undergoes hydrothermal conversion to generate upper solid products and liquid products rich in humic acid active components; S2. In the initial stage of the organic solid waste reaction in the upper chamber, the filtrate component is in a closed state. When the reaction proceeds to the preset time, the filtrate component is opened, opening the microporous passage of the middle layer of filtrate. The waste liquid generated in the upper chamber continuously seeps into the lower chamber through microporous filtration, while hydrothermal carbon and solid particles are retained in the upper layer. S3. Under the control of the filtrate component, the waste liquid is continuously dripped into the lower chamber at a low flow rate, where it comes into full contact with the pre-filled inorganic solid waste under the action of stirring and undergoes a synergistic reaction. The inorganic solid waste in the lower chamber continuously absorbs and reacts with the incoming waste liquid, and completes mineral activation and the formation of the cemented / reconstructed phase under the action of humic acid active components. When the waste liquid generated in the upper chamber is completely absorbed and reacted with by the inorganic solid waste in the lower chamber, the synergistic reaction ends. S4. After the reaction is complete, stop heating and use the residual heat of the reactor to dry the upper and lower layers of products. After cooling to room temperature, open the material inlet and outlet of the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and take out the upper solid product and the lower reaction product.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the organic solid waste includes municipal sludge, crop straw, livestock and aquaculture waste, kitchen waste, garden waste and other organic waste rich in biomass.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inorganic solid waste includes metallurgical slag, red mud, various tailings, fly ash, industrial by-product gypsum, carbide slag, construction waste powder, and polluted soil mainly composed of inorganic components.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of organic solid waste to inorganic solid waste added satisfies 1:8 to 1:16.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the design of the double-chamber structure and filtration device, the upper organic solid waste continuously undergoes hydrolysis, cracking, and condensation reactions under hydrothermal conditions, generating hydrothermal liquid phase products in situ. These liquid phase products, guided and filtered by the microporous structure of the middle layer, enter the lower chamber via continuous dripping / percolation. The lower inorganic solid waste absorbs the incoming liquid phase products and participates in the reaction, utilizing the complexing activation and promoting effects of humic acid-based active components to achieve modification and structural reconstruction of the inorganic solid waste. Ultimately, this achieves synchronous and coordinated conversion of organic and inorganic solid waste, ensuring zero wastewater discharge throughout the entire process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of the organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 AA section view in the middle; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 2 BB cross-section diagram in the middle; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of part C in the image. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] This invention discloses an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device and method. Addressing the problems of low resource utilization rates of existing organic and inorganic solid wastes, easy generation of secondary wastewater pollution during treatment, long treatment chains, and low product added value, this invention proposes to construct a closed-loop recycling system that achieves in-situ wastewater disposal and zero wastewater discharge throughout the entire process by in-situ coupling reaction between the hydrothermal hydrolysis / conversion liquid phase of organic components and inorganic mineral particles. This enables the simultaneous completion of organic solid waste conversion and inorganic solid waste stabilization / high-value utilization.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention discloses an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device, comprising a reaction vessel 1, a filtrate component 2, a stirring component 3, a heating component 4, and a cooling component 5. The filtrate component 2 is installed in the inner cavity of the reaction vessel 1 and divides the inner cavity of the reaction vessel 1 into an upper chamber 11 and a lower chamber 12. The upper chamber 11 serves as the reaction chamber for organic solid waste, and the lower chamber 12 serves as the reaction chamber for inorganic solid waste. The stirring component 3 penetrates the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 and stirs the organic solid waste and the inorganic solid waste respectively. The upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 are respectively provided with cooling components 5. The heating component 4 is installed on the reaction vessel 1. The reaction vessel 1 is provided with switchable material inlets and outlets 13 at the positions of the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12.

[0024] The reactor 1 adopts a vertically arranged dual-chamber design, with an organic reaction chamber in the upper part and an inorganic reaction chamber in the lower part. Both the upper and lower chambers are equipped with switchable material inlets / outlets 13 on their sides, allowing for zoned loading and unloading, facilitating independent product recovery. The switchable material inlets / outlets 13 can be material hatches installed on the reactor 1, allowing direct feeding or unloading into the upper chamber 11 and lower chamber 12 by opening the hatches, and closing the hatches during the reaction process.

[0025] The filtrate component 2 includes a filtrate intermediate layer 21, which has a micropore structure 22 that allows only liquid to pass through. The intermediate layer is made of sintered metal or porous ceramic. The filtrate component 2 is located between the upper and lower chambers and includes a fixed filtrate intermediate layer 21. The filtrate intermediate layer 21 is made of corrosion-resistant and temperature-resistant materials such as sintered metal or porous ceramic, and is used to retain solid particles and achieve permanent solid-phase isolation. The intermediate layer has a micropore structure 22, which allows only hydrothermal liquid phase products to pass through, so as to achieve controlled migration of the upper waste liquid to the lower layer.

[0026] like Figure 5 As shown, the filtrate component 2 also includes a lifting piston 23 and a filtrate controller 24. The intermediate filtrate layer 21 includes a first filtrate layer 25 and a second filtrate layer 26. The first filtrate layer 25 is movably connected to the reactor, and the second filtrate layer 26 is fixed inside the reactor. Both the first filtrate layer 25 and the second filtrate layer 26 are provided with micropores 22, and the micropores 22 of the first filtrate layer 25 and the micropores 22 of the second filtrate layer 26 are misaligned. The filtrate controller 24 is installed on the outer wall of the reactor. One end of the lifting piston 23 is connected to the filtrate controller 24, and the other end of the lifting piston 23 extends into the reactor and is connected to the first filtrate layer 25. The filtrate controller 24 controls the first filtrate layer 25 to move up and down in the reactor via the lifting piston 23, thereby adjusting the positional relationship between the first filtrate layer 25 and the second filtrate layer 26. When the first filtrate layer 25 and the second filtrate layer 26 are in contact with each other, the misaligned micropores 22 are blocked by the unopened plate surface, preventing them from conducting and thus sealing the micropores 22. This keeps the intermediate filtrate layer 21 closed, preventing the liquid in the upper chamber 11 from seeping into the lower chamber 12 through the intermediate filtrate layer 21. When the first filtrate layer 25 is lifted by the lifting piston 23, the first filtrate layer 25 and the second filtrate layer 26 move away from each other, forming a through channel between them. The micropores 22 of both are not blocked, keeping the intermediate filtrate layer 21 open. The liquid in the upper chamber 11 enters the through channel through the micropores 22 of the first filtrate layer 25, and then enters the lower chamber 12 through the micropores 22 of the second filtrate layer 26.

[0027] The stirring component 3 includes a stirring motor 31, a stirring shaft 32, and a stirring paddle 33. The stirring motor 31 is installed at one end of the reactor 1, and the stirring shaft 32 is connected to the output end of the stirring motor 31. The stirring shaft 32 passes through the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12. Stirring paddles 33 are respectively installed on the stirring shaft 32 located in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12. The stirring component 3 passes through the upper and lower chambers and stirs the materials in the two chambers respectively to ensure mixing in each chamber and improve the dispersion and reaction efficiency of the upper waste liquid phase in the lower layer. The contact points between the stirring shaft 32 and the top, middle layer, and bottom of the reactor 1 are all connected by a sealing structure 34 to prevent the reaction liquid from seeping through the gaps in the stirring shaft 32. The stirring paddle 33 is fixed on the stirring shaft 32 and can be driven by the stirring motor 31 to synchronously drive the stirring paddles 33 in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 to rotate synchronously. The stirring paddle 33 can be positioned close to the bottom area of ​​the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12, so that it can have maximum contact with the solid waste at the bottom of the chamber and fully agitate the reactants to ensure that the solid and liquid in the reaction chamber are fully mixed.

[0028] The cooling component 5 includes an internal cooling coil 51, which is installed in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 respectively. The internal cooling coil 51 is externally connected to a coolant supply device. The internal cooling coil 51 is an active emergency cooling system. When the temperature inside the reactor 1 is too high and there is a potential reaction risk, the coolant supply device introduces a cold source into the reactor 1 through the internal cooling coil 51 to urgently cool the reactor 1 and avoid the risk.

[0029] The heating component 4 includes a heating sleeve 41, which wraps around the outside of the reactor 1, and the heating area of ​​the heating sleeve 41 covers the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12. The heating sleeve 41 is located on the outer periphery of the reactor body and is used to provide controllable heat input to the reaction system to achieve stable control of the heating rate, target temperature and isothermal stage.

[0030] This invention employs a solid-phase isolated double-layer hydrothermal synergistic reactor 1 to achieve the synergistic treatment of organic and inorganic solid wastes and in-situ separation of products. The reactor 1 has a vertical structure, with a filtrate component 2 inside. The filtrate component 2 includes a fixed intermediate filtrate layer 21. The intermediate filtrate layer 21 is made of sintered metal or porous ceramic material, with pores that only allow liquid to pass through, thus dividing the reactor cavity into an upper organic reaction chamber and a lower inorganic reaction chamber, ensuring that the two types of solid materials remain physically isolated throughout the reaction process. Both the upper and lower reaction chambers have material hatches on their sides, and each chamber is equipped with a stirrer. During operation, a motor synchronously drives the stirrers in both chambers via a drive rod to ensure thorough mixing of solids and liquids within the reaction chambers.

[0031] During operation, the upper chamber 11 and lower chamber 12 form a stable medium-temperature hydrothermal environment under the action of an external heating jacket. The organic solid waste in the upper chamber 11 reacts continuously in this environment, generating not only liquid products rich in active components such as humic acid and fulvic acid, but also carbon-rich solid products (hydrothermal carbon). The intermediate layer of the filtrate device has a microporous structure 22. Under the influence of gravity, the upper liquid products continuously permeate through the microporous structure 22 and are continuously dripped into the lower chamber 12. Simultaneously, the reaction of the upper organic solid waste does not stop, but continues to generate new liquid products, which continuously enter the lower layer, achieving continuous replenishment of the lower system. The inorganic solid waste pre-added in the lower chamber 12 continuously absorbs and reacts with the liquid products, achieving material modification and reconstruction under the activation of humic acid components. This forms a dynamic coupling process of "continuous liquid production in the upper layer and continuous absorption and reaction in the lower layer," ultimately achieving the synchronous and coordinated reaction of organic and inorganic solid waste.

[0032] After the reaction, the system yields two types of partitioned products: the upper layer is a porous carbon-based material mainly composed of hydrothermal carbon, and the lower layer is an inorganic cementitious component modified and reconstructed by humic acid components. After the reaction, the upper and lower chamber doors can be opened to separate the upper hydrothermal carbon and the lower material. Because the liquid phase product is continuously absorbed and solidified in the lower layer, the entire process eliminates the need for additional complex solid-liquid separation procedures, and reduces or avoids the discharge of high-concentration organic hydrothermal wastewater from the source, achieving "reaction-separation integration" and near-zero wastewater discharge.

[0033] The device of this invention provides differentiated high-value resource utilization pathways for two types of solid waste through product spatial isolation and process coupling: the upper hydrothermal carbon, due to its well-developed pore structure and stable carbon skeleton, can be used as an adsorbent, soil amendment, or composite material additive; the lower modified inorganic cementing component, relying on its optimized cementing properties and stabilization effect on heavy metal speciation, can be used in environmentally friendly building materials, roadbed materials, or ecological restoration substrates. This invention not only reduces the cost of subsequent secondary separation and waste liquid disposal but also improves the efficiency of organic-inorganic synergistic conversion, providing a complete technical solution for the synergistic resource utilization of solid waste that combines environmental and economic benefits.

[0034] Based on the above-mentioned organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device, the present invention also provides an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment method, comprising the following steps: S1. Open the upper material compartment door and add the pre-mixed organic solid waste and liquid medium into the upper chamber 11; open the lower material compartment door and add the weighed inorganic solid waste into the lower chamber 12, then close the upper and lower compartment doors. Start the stirring and heating system of the reactor 1, and under the set temperature and reaction time conditions, allow the organic solid waste in the upper chamber 11 to undergo hydrothermal conversion, generating upper solid products (hydrothermal carbon) and liquid products (waste liquid) rich in humic acid-like active components.

[0035] S2. In the initial stage of the upper organic solid waste reaction, the filtrate component 2 is in a closed state, and the microporous passage of the intermediate filtrate layer 21 is not open to ensure that the upper reaction proceeds fully. When the reaction has proceeded for a preset time (e.g., 1 h), the filtrate component 2 is opened (by using the piston lifting principle to move the filtrate component 2 as a whole, exposing the preset microporous area), and the microporous passage of the intermediate filtrate layer 21 is opened; the waste liquid generated in the upper layer continuously seeps into the lower chamber 12 through microporous filtration under the action of gravity, while hydrothermal carbon and other solid particles are intercepted by the intermediate layer and retained in the upper layer, achieving solid phase isolation.

[0036] S3. Under the control of the filtrate component 2, the waste liquid is continuously added dropwise to the lower chamber 12 at a stable low flow rate (approximately 5~10 mL / min). It comes into full contact with the pre-filled inorganic solid waste under stirring, undergoing a synergistic reaction to complete the modification and structural reconstruction of the inorganic system. Simultaneously, the organic solid waste in the upper chamber 11 continues to react, constantly generating new waste liquid, which is continuously added dropwise to the lower chamber. The inorganic solid waste in the lower chamber continuously absorbs and reacts with the incoming waste liquid, and under the action of humic acid-based active components, completes mineral activation and the formation of a gelled / reconstructed phase. The synergistic reaction ends when all the waste liquid generated in the upper chamber 11 is absorbed and reacted with by the inorganic solid waste in the lower chamber 12.

[0037] S4. After the reaction is complete, stop heating and use the residual heat of reactor 1 to dry the upper and lower layers of products. After cooling to room temperature, open the upper and lower material compartment doors respectively, and take out the upper solid product (hydrothermal carbon) and the lower reaction product (modified inorganic cementitious material components). The lower product can be further processed according to its intended use (e.g., molding, crushing, screening, etc.) to finally obtain two independent resource-based products that can be used directly or are easy to further process.

[0038] This invention achieves the simultaneous transformation and stabilization of organic and inorganic matter through the synergistic control of formulation and operating conditions: Organic solid waste includes municipal sludge, crop straw, livestock and aquaculture waste, kitchen waste, garden waste, and other biomass-rich organic waste. During the hydrothermal stage, organic solid waste undergoes in-situ transformation and releases active components such as humic acid, fulvic acid, and low-molecular-weight organic acids. The resulting liquid phase can serve as a reaction medium and activating / complexing component, promoting the modification and reconstruction of inorganic solid waste.

[0039] Inorganic solid waste includes metallurgical slag, red mud, various tailings, fly ash, industrial by-product gypsum, carbide slag, construction waste powder, and contaminated soil mainly composed of inorganic components. Inorganic solid waste provides aluminosilicate frameworks, alkaline components, and potential sources of cementing activity, providing a material basis for the subsequent formation of modified inorganic cementitious / reconstructed phases.

[0040] Control parameters: Adjust the organic / inorganic mass ratio (to balance the amount of humic acid liquid phase generated and the absorption and consumption capacity of the lower inorganic solid waste) and the reaction temperature (preset synergistic temperature of 160, 180 or 200℃).

[0041] The synergistic treatment of this invention is based on the principle of "generation-consumption balance": by adjusting the relative ratio of convertible organic matter to inorganic solid waste, the waste liquid generated by the hydrothermal reaction of the upper organic solid waste can be fully absorbed and consumed by the inorganic solid waste in the lower layer, thereby ensuring no waste liquid residue or discharge during the process. Preferably, the mass ratio of addition satisfies: organic solid waste: inorganic solid waste = 1:8 to 1:16.

[0042] The core of this invention lies in achieving the simultaneous coupling of organic solid waste conversion and inorganic solid waste modification and stabilization through the synergistic design of the device structure and process. This method, through process control, promotes the in-situ generation of highly reactive intermediate products, primarily humic acids, from organic matter during hydrothermal conversion. These active components can instantly contact and react with inorganic solid waste particles, promoting structural reconstruction and stabilization of the inorganic system through complexation / activation, while simultaneously enhancing the fixation effect on pollutants such as heavy metals. Consequently, the final product exhibits superior physicochemical properties, such as higher mechanical strength and better durability.

[0043] Compared with traditional separate treatment technologies, the method of this invention realizes the integration and unification of the process flow, and can complete the synergistic transformation under relatively mild conditions, reducing energy consumption; and by disposing of waste liquid in situ within the system, it reduces the generation of high-concentration organic wastewater from the source, reducing the risk of secondary pollution and end-of-pipe treatment costs; at the same time, by improving product performance and broadening resource utilization pathways, it improves the economic feasibility and environmental benefits of the overall process.

[0044] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to two application examples: Example 1: A treatment method for the co-production of hydrothermal carbon and cementing materials from municipal sludge and industrial solid waste.

[0045] (1) Experimental materials: Municipal sewage sludge was selected as the organic solid waste, and mineral powder as the inorganic solid waste. The mass ratio of organic solid waste to inorganic solid waste was 1:10.

[0046] (2) Preparation process: Municipal sludge and pure water are mixed and stirred evenly according to a preset ratio, and then added to the upper organic reaction chamber of the solid-phase isolated double-layer hydrothermal synergistic reactor 1 through the upper material compartment door. Mineral powder is added to the lower inorganic reaction chamber in the same proportion through the lower material compartment door. After closing the upper and lower compartment doors, the stirring system is started, maintaining a speed of 150 rpm, and the heating system is started to raise the temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5 ℃ / min, followed by a constant-temperature reaction for 1 hour. Under the above hydrothermal conditions, the municipal sludge undergoes complete hydrolysis, pyrolysis, and condensation reactions, generating an upper solid product (hydrothermal carbon) and a liquid product rich in humic acid-like active components (hydrothermal waste liquid). After the upper reaction reaches 1 hour, the filtration device is opened and the microporous pathway in the middle layer is activated. The active waste liquid generated in the upper layer, under the influence of gravity, is continuously filtered through the microporous structure 22 of the middle layer at a stable low flow rate (approximately 5-10 mL / min) and seeps into the lower chamber 12. There, it fully contacts the pre-filled mineral powder and undergoes a synergistic reaction, achieving modification and structural reconstruction of the inorganic system. Simultaneously, the organic solid waste reaction in the upper chamber 11 continues, constantly generating new waste liquid, which is continuously introduced into the lower layer. The lower layer mineral powder continuously absorbs and reacts with the incoming waste liquid, further promoting the activation of the mineral powder system and the formation of the cementitious phase under the complexing and activation effect of the humic acid-based active components. The moisture content of the mixture is controlled at 10%-25% to ensure that the liquid phase products are completely absorbed and fixed by the lower system, achieving zero waste liquid discharge throughout the process. The endpoint of the synergistic reaction is when the hydrothermal waste liquid generated in the upper layer is completely absorbed and reacted by the inorganic solid waste in the lower layer, and no free liquid phase remains in the lower chamber 12. After the synergistic reaction is complete, heating is stopped, and the residual heat of the system is used to dry the upper and lower layers of products, ensuring that the moisture content of the products is less than 1%. After cooling to room temperature, the upper and lower material compartment doors are opened respectively, and the upper layer of hydrothermal carbon and the lower layer of cementitious material components are removed. The lower layer product is mechanically crushed and passed through a 1.18 mm standard sieve to obtain modified cementitious material powder with qualified particle size.

[0047] (3) Performance testing: Weigh the modified gel material powder, red mud, carbide slag and phosphogypsum prepared in this embodiment according to the preset mass ratio; place the above raw materials in a planetary ball mill, set the speed to 200 rpm, and dry mix for 10 min to obtain a uniform multi-element gel material product, and seal and store it after discharge.

[0048] (3.1) Activity index: calculated according to GB / T 18046-2017.

[0049] (3.2) Mechanical properties: 40 mm × 40 mm × 160 mm prisms were prepared. The compressive strength at 7 d and 28 d was tested using a universal testing machine with a loading rate of 2.4 kN / s.

[0050] (4) Test results: (4.1) Activity index: 78% at 7 days and 98% at 28 days; compared with the control sample of multi-component cementitious material without waste liquid, the activity index increased from 95% to 98% at 28 days.

[0051] (4.2) Mechanical strength: The 28-day compressive strength was 25.4 ± 0.3 MPa, which was 60.8% higher than the control sample with the same ratio "without waste liquid" (15.8 ± 0.4 MPa); the 7-day compressive strength was 18.6 ± 0.2 MPa, which was 58% higher.

[0052] This embodiment achieves the modification and reconstruction of the mineral powder system by introducing humic acid substances / metal ion components in situ and continuously, and having them absorbed and fixed by mineral powder, thereby significantly improving the activity index and mechanical properties of the multi-component cementitious material.

[0053] Example 2: A treatment method for the co-production of hydrothermal carbon and inorganic building materials from municipal sludge, multi-element solid waste, and slag.

[0054] (1) Experimental materials: Municipal sewage sludge was selected as the organic solid waste; construction waste was used as the inorganic aggregate / silicon-aluminum source; the multi-element solid waste cementing system consisted of red mud, mineral powder, carbide slag, and phosphogypsum. The mass ratio of organic solid waste to inorganic solid waste was 1:10.

[0055] (2) Preparation process: After mixing municipal sludge and pure water in a preset ratio and stirring evenly, the upper material chamber door is opened, and a measured amount is added to the upper organic reaction chamber. Slag, red mud, mineral powder, carbide slag, and phosphogypsum are weighed and mixed evenly according to a specific ratio, and added to the lower inorganic reaction chamber through the lower material chamber door. After closing the upper and lower chamber doors, the stirrer is started, maintaining a speed of 150 rpm, while the heating system is started to raise the temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5 ℃ / min, and a constant-temperature reaction is carried out at this temperature. After the upper reaction has proceeded for 1 hour, the filtration device is opened, and the intermediate layer microporous passage is opened. After the filtration device is opened, the hydrothermal waste liquid generated in the upper reaction is continuously filtered and seeped into the lower chamber 12 through the intermediate layer microporous structure 22 under gravity / pressure difference drive at a stable low flow rate (approximately 5~10 mL / min), fully contacting and undergoing a synergistic reaction with the lower slag-multi-element solid waste mixture. Meanwhile, the organic solid waste reaction in the upper chamber 11 continues, constantly generating new waste liquid, which is continuously introduced into the lower chamber. The lower solid material continuously absorbs and reacts with the incoming waste liquid. The moisture content of the mixture is controlled at 40%~60%, ensuring that the upper liquid phase products are fully absorbed and fixed in situ by the lower inorganic system, thus ensuring no waste liquid is discharged throughout the process. The endpoint of the synergistic reaction is when the hydrothermal waste liquid generated in the upper chamber is completely absorbed and reacted by the lower inorganic system, and there is no free liquid phase residue in the lower chamber 12. Under the combined action of stirring and hydrothermal conditions, the humic acid components and dissolved inorganic salts / ions in the waste liquid undergo geopolymerization with the lower silicon-aluminum system, gradually forming a uniformly mixed and plastic geopolymer-based material. After the reaction is completed, heating is stopped, and the residual heat of the system is used to dry the products in both the upper and lower chambers to promote the initial solidification and strength development of the lower geopolymer-based material. After cooling to room temperature, the upper and lower doors are opened to remove the upper layer of hydrothermal carbon; the lower layer contains a uniformly mixed and plastic geopolymer-based material. The lower geopolymer-based material can be further extruded and cured to produce inorganic building material products.

[0056] (3) Performance testing: The plastic material obtained from the lower layer was extruded into standard specimens of specified size and allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours to complete initial setting and hardening. The specimens were then transferred to a standard curing chamber (temperature 20±2 ℃, relative humidity ≥95%) for continued curing until the specified age, to obtain geopolymer solidified specimens for performance testing.

[0057] (3.1) Compressive strength: WDW-50 kN electronic universal testing machine, loading rate 2.4 kN·s -1 Take the average value of 3 specimens.

[0058] (3.2) Heavy metal removal rate: The material was soaked in a standard concentration heavy metal solution for 24 h, filtered, and the residual metal content in the solution was determined by ICP-MS instrument, and the removal rate was calculated.

[0059] (4) Test results: (4.1) Compressive strength: The 28-day compressive strength of the specimen was 21 MPa, which was 30% higher than that of the in-situ polymer material; (4.2) Heavy metal removal rate: The heavy metal pollutant ion removal rate was 86%, which was 77% higher than that of in-situ polymer materials.

[0060] In this embodiment, the hydrothermal waste liquid is directly used in the lower inorganic reaction process. The dissolved organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus components, inorganic salts and metal ions in the waste liquid serve as reaction media and ion sources, which can regulate the reaction environment of the system and promote the formation of the gel phase, thereby effectively promoting the geopolymerization reaction and solidification of the multi-component solid waste gelation system. At the same time, the hydrothermal conditions are conducive to the activation of the reaction and the improvement of solidification efficiency.

[0061] The performance improvement and environmental protection features of this invention are achieved synergistically through the following mechanisms: (1) In-situ catalysis and complexation: The active components such as humic acid / fulvic acid generated in-situ during the hydrothermal process of organic solid waste come into contact with the inorganic particles in the lower layer in a timely manner. Through complexation, chelation and surface activation, the active components in the inorganic solid waste are promoted to dissolve and migrate, thereby increasing the Ca2+ concentration. 2+ Al 3+ Al(OH)4 - The release and reaction availability of Si species, etc., thereby reducing the reaction activation energy and significantly improving the reactivity and activity index of the gelation system.

[0062] (2) Gel network water locking: The hydrothermal waste liquid participates in the geopolymerization reaction as a reaction medium in the reaction system. At the same time, it is continuously absorbed, embedded and fixed during the formation and growth of the gel phase, realizing the in-situ disposal and closed-loop circulation of liquid phase products, thus avoiding the discharge of process wastewater from the process mechanism.

[0063] (3) Structural strengthening and solidification: Hydrothermal synergy accelerates the dissolution-rearrangement-polymerization of silicon and aluminum species and the construction of gel network, promotes the densification of the solidified structure and the formation of mechanical properties, and significantly improves the compressive strength (up to 60% or more); at the same time, the synergistic effect of the dense gel network and humic acid functional groups enhances the adsorption, complexation and embedding solidification of heavy metal ions, and improves environmental safety and long-term stability.

[0064] This invention provides an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-free thermal solid waste treatment device and method. Through the integrated design of process flow, reaction mechanism and resource utilization path, it effectively overcomes the defects of existing technologies such as fragmented treatment, insufficient synergistic conversion, high waste liquid discharge pressure and low product added value. Its beneficial effects are summarized as follows: In terms of synergy, this invention constructs a dynamic coupling system of "upper organic continuous liquid production - lower inorganic continuous absorption reaction" through a double-layer chamber and filtrate device, so that the hydrothermal conversion of organic solid waste and the modification and reconstruction of inorganic solid waste can be completed simultaneously in the same device and under the same temperature and operating conditions. This achieves the in-situ activation, promotion and stabilization of the inorganic system by the organic conversion products, overcoming the problems of fragmentation and inefficient connection in traditional fractional treatment systems.

[0065] In terms of resource utilization, the products after co-processing can be obtained in separate zones: the upper layer yields carbon-based materials such as hydrothermal carbon, while the lower layer yields cementitious / geopolymer-based materials modified and reconstructed by humic acid components. Both types of products have clearly defined uses, namely, for adsorption and solidification environmental functional materials, green building material bases, or engineering materials, thereby broadening the pathways for high-value utilization of solid waste and increasing the added value of resource recovery.

[0066] In terms of economics, this invention adopts an integrated reaction and in-situ separation system design, reducing the construction requirements and process steps of multiple independent treatment systems; it operates under a unified temperature window, reducing energy consumption and process control complexity; at the same time, the hydrothermal waste liquid is absorbed and reacted and fixed in the lower layer, avoiding wastewater discharge and end-of-pipe treatment input from the source, thereby reducing equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs, and improving the economics of engineering applications.

[0067] In terms of improving product performance, the humic acid-like active components in hydrothermal waste liquid can promote the dissolution, migration, polymerization, and gel phase formation of inorganic silicon-aluminum species, making the material structure more compact, the gelation performance better, and the mechanical strength and durability improved. At the same time, it enhances the complexation, encapsulation, and solidification stability of pollutants such as heavy metals, reduces the leaching risk, and improves the environmental safety and application reliability of the product.

[0068] In summary, this invention addresses the current situation where organic and inorganic solid waste treatment technologies are relatively independent and lack collaborative means. It proposes a technical path that can achieve process integration, high-value utilization of resources, cost optimization, and environmental benefits, providing an operable and scalable technical solution for the comprehensive disposal and high-value utilization of solid waste.

[0069] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste through organic-inorganic synergy, characterized in that, This implementation is based on an organic-inorganic synergistic wastewater-thermal solid waste treatment device. The device includes a reaction vessel, a filtrate component, a stirring component, a heating component, and a cooling component. The filtrate component is installed in the inner cavity of the reaction vessel and divides the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber serves as the reaction chamber for organic solid waste, and the lower chamber serves as the reaction chamber for inorganic solid waste. The stirring component penetrates both the upper and lower chambers and stirs the organic and inorganic solid wastes respectively. Cooling components are installed in both the upper and lower chambers. The heating component is installed on the reaction vessel. The reaction vessel has switchable material inlets and outlets in both the upper and lower chambers. The filtrate component includes a filtrate intermediate layer, which has a microporous structure that allows only liquid to pass through. The filtrate component also includes a lifting piston and a filtrate controller. The filtrate intermediate layer includes a first filtrate layer and a second filtrate layer. The first filtrate layer is movably connected to the inside of the reaction vessel, and the second filtrate layer is fixed inside the reaction vessel. Both the first and second filtrate layers have micropores, and the micropores of the first and second filtrate layers are misaligned. The filtrate controller is installed on the outer wall of the reaction vessel. One end of the lifting piston is connected to the filtrate controller, and the other end of the lifting piston extends into the reaction vessel and is connected to the first filtrate layer. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste includes the following steps: S1. Open the material inlet and outlet of the upper chamber and add the pre-mixed organic solid waste and liquid medium into the upper chamber; open the material inlet and outlet of the lower chamber and add the weighed inorganic solid waste into the lower chamber; close the material inlet and outlet of the upper and lower chambers; start the stirring and heating components; under the set temperature and reaction time conditions, the organic solid waste in the upper chamber undergoes hydrothermal conversion to generate upper solid products and liquid products rich in humic acid active components; S2. In the initial stage of the organic solid waste reaction in the upper chamber, the filtrate component is in a closed state. When the reaction proceeds to the preset time, the filtrate component is opened, opening the microporous passage of the middle layer of filtrate. The waste liquid generated in the upper chamber continuously seeps into the lower chamber through microporous filtration, while hydrothermal carbon and solid particles are retained in the upper layer. S3. Under the control of the filtrate component, the waste liquid is continuously dripped into the lower chamber at a low flow rate, where it comes into full contact with the pre-filled inorganic solid waste under the action of stirring and undergoes a synergistic reaction. The inorganic solid waste in the lower chamber continuously absorbs and reacts with the incoming waste liquid, and completes mineral activation and the formation of the cemented / reconstructed phase under the action of humic acid active components. When the waste liquid generated in the upper chamber is completely absorbed and reacted with by the inorganic solid waste in the lower chamber, the synergistic reaction ends. S4. After the reaction is complete, stop heating and use the residual heat of the reactor to dry the upper and lower layers of products. After cooling to room temperature, open the material inlet and outlet of the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and take out the upper solid product and the lower reaction product.

2. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic solid waste includes municipal sludge, crop straw, livestock and aquaculture waste, kitchen waste, garden waste, and other organic waste rich in biomass.

3. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic solid waste includes metallurgical slag, red mud, various tailings, fly ash, industrial by-product gypsum, carbide slag, construction waste powder, and polluted soil mainly composed of inorganic components.

4. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of organic solid waste to inorganic solid waste added is 1:8 to 1:

16.

5. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring component includes a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, and a stirring paddle. The stirring motor is installed at one end of the reactor, and the stirring shaft is connected to the output end of the stirring motor. The stirring shaft passes through the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and stirring paddles are respectively installed on the stirring shaft located in the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

6. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling component includes an internal cooling coil, which is installed in the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and the internal cooling coil is connected to a coolant supply device.

7. The organic-inorganic synergistic method for treating wastewater-free thermal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating component includes a heating sleeve that wraps around the outside of the reactor, and the heating area of ​​the heating sleeve covers both the upper and lower chambers.

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