A laser cutting composite machining head and a laser cutting machining system

Abstract

The application discloses a laser cutting composite machining head and a laser cutting machining system, which are driven by linear feed motion of a machine tool and comprise a machine box, a main transmission shaft, a rigid synchronous transmission mechanism, a laser on-off control module and a micro connecting blanking module.The rigid synchronous transmission mechanism converts the feed displacement of the machine tool into the rotary motion of the main transmission shaft with a fixed transmission ratio, and the first cam and the second cam are rigidly connected to the main transmission shaft with a fixed relative circumferential phase.The application has the beneficial effects that the linear feed motion of the machine tool is synchronously converted into the cam rotary motion for controlling the laser on-off and punch blanking through a pure mechanical rigid transmission chain, so that the position synchronization of the two actions on the machining track is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing technology for metal sheets, specifically to a laser cutting composite processing head and a laser cutting processing system. Background Technology

[0002] In laser cutting of sheet metal parts, micro-connection technology is commonly used to prevent small or irregularly shaped parts from detaching, shifting, or warping from the sheet metal frame after cutting. This technology involves intentionally leaving a very narrow section of uncut material at a specific location along the cutting contour, known as a micro-connection or micro-bridge. This allows the part to remain temporarily fixed to the sheet metal frame through these tiny connection points after cutting. Once all cutting is complete and the part is transferred to the unloading station, it can be separated manually or mechanically.

[0003] Traditional micro-connections are entirely generated by the laser cutting process itself. This involves controlling the laser power, focus, or cutting speed along the cutting path to prevent the laser from completely penetrating the sheet metal, thus forming a material connection. However, this method has several drawbacks: First, to prevent complete ablation of the connection points, the laser cutting head typically needs to slow down or even pause at the micro-connection location, severely impacting overall cutting efficiency. Second, the size and shape of the connection points formed by this thermal effect are difficult to control precisely, resulting in inconsistent connection strength. This leads to the need for significant external force during subsequent separation, and the separated surfaces are often rough and uneven, requiring additional grinding. Furthermore, to prevent parts from prematurely detaching during cutting due to insufficient micro-connection strength, a large connection size is often required. This limits the possibility of tightly nested or arranged parts on the sheet metal, reducing material utilization.

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of pure laser micro-connection, existing technologies have developed composite processing solutions that combine laser cutting with other connection or processing methods. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN115943013A discloses a metal bonding system. This system integrates a laser cutting head and a laser bonding head, connected to the same power supply and controller. During operation, the cutting head guides a first laser beam to pre-cut the area to be bonded, and then the bonding head guides a second laser beam to weld in the same area to form a seam. This technical solution aims to achieve continuous cutting and welding operations, but it addresses the connection problem between two independent metal substrates, rather than the fabrication of micro-connections in the cutting of a single sheet metal profile.

[0005] More importantly, the core synchronization logic of this type of composite technology solution using dual-function heads relies on a complex electronic control system. As described in CN115943013A, the coordinated movement between the cutting head and the joining head requires precise timing control and path planning through controller programming.

[0006] In practical industrial applications, the aforementioned composite solutions relying on electronic control synchronization often reveal the following problems: First, they require two independent servo drive systems or high-precision galvanometer systems, along with matching sensors and real-time synchronization control algorithms. Second, synchronization accuracy is limited by the signal delay, sampling period, and software processing speed of the electronic system, making it difficult to guarantee absolute spatial consistency between the cutting point and the joining or punching point under high-speed motion. Third, system debugging and process changes are cumbersome; each modification to the position or spacing of micro-connections requires rewriting and verifying the synchronization control program, placing high demands on the operators' technical skills. Fourth, the reliability of the electronic control system faces challenges in harsh industrial environments such as electromagnetic interference, dust, and vibration.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a composite processing technology that can achieve a high degree of spatial consistency between laser cutting and micro-connection processing without relying on complex electronic synchronization control, in order to reduce system complexity and improve synchronization accuracy and industrial reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a laser cutting composite processing head and a laser cutting processing system. Its core lies in using a purely mechanical rigid transmission chain to synchronously convert the linear feed motion of the machine tool into the cam rotation motion that controls the laser's on / off state and the punch's cutting motion, thereby achieving positional binding of the two actions on the processing trajectory.

[0009] The laser cutting composite processing head provided by this invention includes: The chassis has an interface on the top for connecting to the machine tool's motion axes; The main drive shaft is rotatably supported within the chassis; A rigid synchronous transmission mechanism has its input end connected to the feed motion component of the machine tool and its output end connected to the main drive shaft, so that the feed displacement of the machine tool and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft form a fixed transmission ratio relationship, and the main drive shaft maintains continuous rotation when switching between feed forward and reverse through a backlash-free structure; A laser on / off control module includes a first cam fixedly mounted on the main drive shaft, and a light-shielding mechanism driven by the contour of the first cam to block the laser beam path emitted by an external laser. The micro-connection punching module includes a second cam fixedly mounted on the main drive shaft, and a punch mechanism driven by the contour of the second cam to perform the punching action; The first cam and the second cam are fixed on the main drive shaft and are spaced apart at a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. The light-shielding mechanism is driven by the first cam and the punch mechanism is driven by the second cam.

[0010] Preferably, the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism is any one of a gear and rack pair, a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt pair, or a worm gear pair.

[0011] Preferably, the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism includes a backlash-eliminating structure disposed in its transmission link. The backlash-eliminating structure applies bidirectional preload to the transmission link, so that the main drive shaft maintains continuous transmission in both the forward and reverse feed directions.

[0012] Preferably, both the first cam and the second cam have a quick-return profile, and their corresponding working stroke and reset stroke are asymmetrically distributed in terms of cam angle.

[0013] Preferably, the light-shielding mechanism includes: The first driven roller contacts the profile of the first cam and is used to transmit the profile motion of the first cam to the first rocker arm; The first swing arm has one end connected to the first driven roller and the other end extending into the laser on / off control module; A light-shielding component is located within the laser on / off control module and connected to the first swing arm, moving back and forth into or out of the laser beam path as the first swing arm deflects. The first elastic element is connected to the light-shielding member and provides a reset bias voltage to the light-shielding mechanism through an elastic load.

[0014] Preferably, the punch mechanism includes: A linear guide rail is provided within the micro-connection punching module; A slider is slidably connected to the linear guide rail, and a punch for performing a blanking action is fixed at the bottom of the slider; The second elastic element has one end connected to the slider and the other end connected to the inner wall of the micro-connection punching module, so that the punch mechanism returns to its original position after punching is completed. The second swing arm is hinged at one end to the slider to convert the rotation drive into linear motion, and its other end extends into the chassis. The second driven roller contacts the contour of the second cam to receive driving force, and the second driven roller is rotatably mounted on the second rocker arm via a shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the main drive shaft is provided with the phase calibration disk, which is provided with angle scale, positioning holes or positioning ratchet, for calibrating the correspondence between the cam phase and the starting point of the machining trajectory.

[0016] Preferably, the laser on / off control module and the micro-connection punching module are detachably connected to the chassis.

[0017] Preferably, the present invention also includes a laser cutting processing system, which includes the above-described laser cutting composite processing head.

[0018] Compared with related technologies, the laser cutting composite processing head provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through a mechanically rigid synchronization architecture, transforms the synchronization relationship between laser on / off switching and micro-connection punching actions from time-series synchronization achieved by an electronic control system to mechanical position synchronization determined by a fixed transmission ratio between the feed displacement and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft. This ensures that action triggering depends solely on the arrival of the processing position, independent of processing speed and time. This effectively avoids the impact of signal delay, sampling errors, and control uncertainties in the electronic control system on synchronization accuracy.

[0019] 2. By eliminating complex servo drives, position sensors, and real-time synchronization control algorithms, the system structure is simplified, reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty. At the same time, since the synchronization logic is implemented by a purely mechanical structure, it has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities and high operational reliability in industrial environments such as dust or vibration.

[0020] 3. This invention uses mechanical punching to form micro-connections, and achieves controllable adjustment of connection size and strength through replaceable punches. The formed micro-connections have good shape regularity and consistency, which facilitates subsequent separation, effectively improves the quality of the separation section, reduces post-processing steps, and improves overall processing quality and production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the processing head body of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis and laser on / off control module. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis and micro-connection stamping module. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light-shielding mechanism; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the punch mechanism; Figure 7 A schematic diagram comparing the principles of two rigid synchronous transmission mechanisms; Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of one implementation of a friction wheel transmission mechanism.

[0022] Reference numerals: 10, chassis; 11, interface; 20, rigid synchronous transmission mechanism; 20A, simplified transmission mechanism; 21, rack; 22, gear; 24, friction wheel; 25, swing arm; 26, straightedge; 31, main drive shaft; 33, first cam; 34, second cam; 35, phase calibration disk; 40, laser on / off control module; 41, first swing arm; 43, first driven roller; 44, first elastic element; 45, light shield; 50, micro-connection punching module; 51, second driven roller; 52, second swing arm; 53, slider; 54, linear guide; 55, punch; 56, second elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement other implementation methods and technical effects of the present invention based on the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the various technical details in this specification can be adjusted, combined, or replaced according to different application needs without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention. It should be noted that, without technical contradictions, the following embodiments and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. It should also be understood that the terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is only used to describe specific implementation schemes and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a structure for a laser cutting composite processing head, which includes: a housing 10, a rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20, a main drive shaft 31, a laser on / off control module 40, and a micro-connection punching module 50.

[0025] The housing 10 forms the main support frame of the machining head. Its top has an interface 11 for connecting to the machine tool's motion axis, and its bottom is an open working end. The laser beam is transmitted along a pre-set laser path within the housing 10, which laterally passes through the swing path of the light-shielding component 45. The integrated housing 10 structure provides a stable mounting base for all internal moving parts, ensuring the machining head maintains good structural rigidity and assembly stability even under high-speed feed and frequent operation. The housing 10 contains a bearing housing structure to support the main drive shaft 31. Its sides form module mounting reference surfaces and connecting parts for module positioning and fastening, respectively mounting the laser on / off control module 40 and the micro-connection punching module 50. Through the cooperation of the reference surfaces and connecting parts, each functional module can achieve rapid disassembly and reassembly with high repeatability, providing a structural basis for modular maintenance and long-term synchronous accuracy.

[0026] A portion of the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 is housed within the chassis 10, while the other portion forms a rigid transmission or contact engagement with the machine tool feed structure outside the chassis 10. Its core function is to convert the linear displacement motion of the machine tool feed axis into the rotational motion of the main drive shaft 31, establishing a fixed and stable transmission ratio during this conversion. This ensures a fixed mechanical correspondence between the machine tool feed displacement and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft 31, maintaining continuous transmission even when the feed direction changes. This fixed transmission ratio is the fundamental condition for achieving synchronous triggering of the laser on / off action and the mechanical punching action in space, and it is also a prerequisite for transforming the spatial triggering logic in the machining trajectory into mechanical structural constraints.

[0027] This invention provides various specific implementation methods for achieving the above-mentioned core functions.

[0028] Example 1: Rigid Synchronous Transmission Mechanism Based on Gear and Rack Pair 20 In one specific implementation, such as Figure 7 As shown, the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 can be in the form of a gear and rack pair, which includes a rack 21 fixedly connected to the machine tool table, and a gear 22 meshing with the rack 21 and rotatably supported by the housing 10. Preferably, the gear 22 is a gear 22 with a backlash-free structure, for example, by applying a preload force through an elastic element to maintain a bidirectional preloaded meshing state between the gear 22 and the rack 21, thereby effectively suppressing backlash during transmission. This backlash-free structure can be a double-plate staggered backlash-free gear 22 structure, or other gear 22 structures capable of achieving backlash compensation.

[0029] The introduction of the backlash-free structure ensures that gear 22 and rack 21 are always in a state of meshing under force during the forward and reverse feed motions of the machine tool. This maintains a consistent correspondence between the feed displacement and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft 31, which is beneficial for improving the repeatability of the synchronous trigger position. It is understood that the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 can also employ other mechanical transmission forms with a fixed transmission ratio, such as synchronous belt drives or worm gear pairs. This invention does not limit the specific transmission form; its core lies in establishing a stable displacement-angle mapping relationship through a rigid mechanical structure.

[0030] Example 2: Simplified transmission mechanism 20A based on friction wheel 24 In another specific embodiment, to simplify the structure and improve transmission stability, the present invention employs, as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8The simplified transmission mechanism 20A, as shown, comprises: a main drive shaft 31 extending out of the machine housing 10 and rigidly connected to the center of a friction wheel 24 via a connecting rod; the outer edge of the friction wheel 24 continuously presses against the fixed guide rail 26 of the machine tool; a swing arm 25 is fixed to the side wall of the machine housing 10, the swing arm 25 being formed by two rods hinged together by a pivot, with a tension spring connecting the two rods to provide continuous preload. One end of the swing arm 25 is connected to the side wall of the machine housing 10, and the other end extends downwards and presses against the top of the friction wheel 24, ensuring that the friction wheel 24 is always pressed against the guide rail 26. When the machine tool drives the machining head to move along the fixed reference surface, the friction wheel 24 rolls relative to the guide rail 26 under the preload of the tension spring, thereby driving the main drive shaft 31 to rotate synchronously. The transmission ratio of this transmission method is determined by the effective rolling diameter of the friction wheel 24. Through the combination of the swing arm 25 and the tension spring, the preload is effectively amplified and buffered, resulting in good vibration resistance and transmission stability. The solution has a simple structure and few parts, which can effectively reduce structural complexity and operating noise under certain working conditions.

[0031] The main drive shaft 31 is rotatably supported within the bearing housing of the machine housing 10 via a high-rigidity bearing assembly and is connected to the output end of the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 or the simplified transmission mechanism 20A, thereby being driven to rotate. As the motion distribution center of the entire system, the torsional rigidity and rotational stability of the main drive shaft 31 directly affect the synchronization consistency between the laser on / off action and the blanking action. A first cam 33 and a second cam 34 are fixedly mounted on the main drive shaft 31, and their relative circumferential phase on the main drive shaft 31 remains fixed. This fixed phase relationship is used to define the relative triggering positions of the laser on / off action and the mechanical blanking action in the machine tool feed direction, so that the two form a stable spatial correspondence.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 4 It should be noted that, for ease of assembly adjustment and process calibration, a phase calibration disk 35 can also be fixedly mounted on one end of the main drive shaft 31. The phase calibration disk 35 is equipped with angle scales, positioning holes, or positioning ratchet teeth, etc., for calibrating the cam phase during assembly or debugging. Through the phase calibration disk 35, a correspondence can be established between the spatial position in the machining trajectory and the mechanical angle state of the main drive shaft 31, thereby simplifying the initial debugging and subsequent process adjustment.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The laser on / off control module 40 is detachably mounted on the side of the housing 10, and has a light-shielding mechanism inside. The light-shielding mechanism includes a first rocker arm 41 and a first driven roller 43 whose end contacts the cam profile, and also includes a light-shielding member 45 driven by the first rocker arm 41 to move into or out of the laser beam path. The light-shielding member 45 is, for example, a light-shielding plate made of a high-temperature resistant, high-reflectivity material, and a first elastic element 44 for providing a restoring force to the light-shielding member 45.

[0034] It should be noted that a sliding bearing is installed on the module housing, and the shaft and the inner hole of the bearing are clearance-fitted. The driven end of the first rocker arm 41 is connected to the first driven roller 43 through the short shaft of the sliding bearing that passes through the housing of the laser on / off control module 40. In this way, the bearing provides rigid support, and the small fit clearance allows the shaft to rotate smoothly within the bearing, and allows for a very small radial float to adapt to the cam profile, so that the first rocker arm 41 swings about the short shaft as the axis of rotation.

[0035] By mechanically controlling the on / off state of the laser beam through the light-shielding component 45, the laser beam can be physically blocked without directly controlling the laser power supply. This on / off action is primarily influenced by the mechanism's motion characteristics, and its response speed is related to the cam rotation speed and the mechanism's dynamic characteristics. When the first cam 33 rotates to the corresponding contour position, the light-shielding component 45 enters or exits the laser beam path via the light-shielding mechanism, thereby achieving laser on / off control.

[0036] The micro-connection punching module 50 is detachably mounted on the other side of the housing 10, and contains a punch mechanism. The punch mechanism includes: a second driven roller 51 driven by the contour of the second cam 34, the second driven roller 51 being mounted at the end of the second rocker arm 52, the second rocker arm 52 being hinged to the slider 53 via a hinge pin and moving along the linear guide rail 54 by the slider 53; a punch 55 mounted at the lower end of the slider 53; and a second elastic element 56 providing a restoring force to the slider 53. When the second cam 34 rotates, its contour drives the second driven roller 51, which in turn drives the slider 53 up and down along the linear guide rail 54 via the second rocker arm 52 and the hinge, thereby causing the punch 55 to perform a vertical punching action. The punching energy is obtained from the machine tool feed motion via a rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 and cam conversion, requiring no additional power source. The linear guide device is preferably a linear guide rail 54 to ensure stable vertical movement of the slider 53 and the punch 55.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the profiles of the first cam 33 and the second cam 34 can be designed as quick-return shapes. That is, the first cam 33 makes the closing action speed of the light-shielding member 45 greater than the opening action speed to achieve faster laser blocking; the second cam 34 makes the downward punching action speed of the punch 55 greater than the reset speed to improve the punching effect while taking into account the stability of the mechanism.

[0038] For example, the first cam 33 can adopt an eccentric wheel profile and work together with the first elastic element 44. When the cam transitions from a large radius section to a small radius section, the elastic element releases its stored energy, thereby accelerating the closing action of the light-shielding element 45. The profile of the second cam 34 can be adjusted by changing the working section pressure angle or stroke distribution to give the punch 55 a higher average speed during the downward phase, thus achieving a quick-return characteristic.

[0039] The laser on / off control module 40 and the micro-connection punching module 50 are fixedly mounted on the housing 10 by positioning pins and flange bolts. A sealing ring can be installed at the connection interface between the module and the housing 10 to prevent dust, slag or coolant generated during processing from entering the housing 10, thereby improving the service life and operational reliability of the internal transmission mechanism and moving parts.

[0040] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the laser on / off control module 40 or the micro-connection punching module 50 may also integrate a quick-connect structure for electrical or fluid circuit connections, enabling the module to automatically connect or disconnect relevant lines during assembly and disassembly. Through this modular interface design, functional modules can be quickly replaced, maintained, or upgraded without affecting overall synchronization accuracy, thereby reducing equipment downtime and improving production efficiency.

[0041] Please see Figures 2 to 4 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the first cam 33 is designed to enable the light-shielding mechanism to achieve a rapid return motion, that is, the action speed of the light-shielding member 45 in closing the laser light path is greater than the action speed in opening the light path. The faster closing action is beneficial to quickly cut off the laser beam during laser cutting, reducing the impact of residual energy on the cut surface, while the relatively gentle opening action helps to reduce the impact on the mechanism and extend the service life of the light-shielding mechanism.

[0042] Similarly, the profile of the second cam 34 can also be designed as a quick-return type, so that the downward punching speed of the punch 55 is greater than its upward reset speed. The faster downward punching speed ensures that the punch 55 has enough kinetic energy to complete the material shearing and form a dimensionally stable micro-connection; while the slower reset process is conducive to smooth system operation, providing recovery time for the next punching action, thereby improving the overall processing cycle and reducing the impact load.

[0043] For example, in one specific embodiment, the first cam 33 can adopt an eccentric wheel profile and be used in conjunction with the first elastic element 44. When the cam transitions from a large radius segment to a small radius segment, the elastic energy stored in the elastic element is released, thereby driving the light-shielding element 45 to quickly complete the closing action. This elastic energy storage-cam release action mode has a simple structure and rapid response, making it suitable for realizing high-speed laser on / off control.

[0044] The profile of the second cam 34 can be modified by setting a larger pressure angle in the working section where it drives the punch 55 to strike, or by designing the cam profile asymmetrically, so that the average speed of the follower during the working stroke is greater than the average speed during the return stroke, thereby achieving the quick-return motion characteristics of the punch 55 under the same main drive shaft 31 speed. By rationally designing the cam profile, the speed characteristics of the punching action can be precisely controlled without adding an additional drive source.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described cam profile for quick-return motion is merely an illustrative example. Any cam profile design that enables the driven mechanism to have an average speed higher than the return stroke during the working stroke can be applied to this invention and should be considered to fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0046] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working end shape of the punch 55 can be designed into different structural forms such as flat head, rounded corner, or conical shape according to processing requirements, so as to form micro-connection structures with different strengths and separability. Specifically, the flat head end is suitable for forming micro-connections with strong load-bearing capacity, suitable for working conditions requiring high holding force; the rounded corner end is conducive to forming necked connection structures, facilitating subsequent separation; the conical end is easy to form point-like micro-connections with low separation resistance, suitable for lightweight parts or automated separation scenarios. The punch 55 can be mounted on the slider 53 through a quick-change chuck, which facilitates replacement according to different materials or plate thicknesses.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The working principle of a preferred embodiment of the laser cutting composite processing head of the present invention is as follows: A fixed mapping relationship between the machine tool feed displacement and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft 31 is established by the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20, and the laser on / off action and the mechanical punching action are locked in a specific spatial position by the first cam 33 and the second cam 34 with fixed phase, thereby realizing mechanical rigid synchronization based on the machine tool feed position.

[0048] First, in the process preparation stage, based on the design spacing of the micro-connection points in the contour of the part to be processed, the transmission ratio between the machine tool feed displacement and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft 31 is determined, and a rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 is selected or designed accordingly. For example, by determining the tooth ratio of the gear and rack pair, the main drive shaft 31 can rotate through a predetermined angle every time the machine tool feeds one micro-connection distance. This step essentially transforms the process parameter of the micro-connection distance into a mechanical transmission parameter.

[0049] Simultaneously, based on the size and position requirements of the micro-connection point, the contours of the first cam 33 and the second cam 34 are designed, and their fixed phase difference on the main drive shaft 31 is determined. This phase difference is used to ensure that when the machining trajectory moves to the position of the micro-connection point, the laser on / off action and the punching action can occur synchronously in space.

[0050] The system is then installed and debugged. The composite machining head is mounted on the machine tool spindle or corresponding motion axis via interface 11, and the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 is connected to the machine tool feed axis, for example, by fixing the rack 21 to the machine tool worktable. The laser beam path is adjusted so that it passes through the movement area of ​​the light-shielding component 45. The phase calibration disk 35 is used to calibrate the cam phase, establishing a correspondence between the cam's mechanical zero position and the starting machining coordinates in the CNC program.

[0051] After processing begins, the machine tool drives the machining head to feed continuously along the cutting trajectory. The feed motion is converted into the synchronous rotation of the main drive shaft 31 through the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20. The main drive shaft 31 drives the first cam 33 and the second cam 34 to rotate synchronously.

[0052] In the cutting section where there are no micro-connection points, the contour of the first cam 33 keeps the light shield 45 out of the laser path, and the laser continues to cut; at the same time, the contour of the second cam 34 keeps the punch 55 in the raised and reset state, and the system only performs the laser cutting action.

[0053] When the machine tool feeds to the preset micro-connection point, since a rigid correspondence has been established between the rotation angle of the main drive shaft 31 and the feed displacement, and the phases of the first cam 33 and the second cam 34 are fixed, the first cam 33 drives the light-shielding mechanism to move the light-shielding member 45 into the laser path, blocking the laser; at the same time, the second cam 34 drives the punch mechanism to make the punch 55 punch down to complete the mechanical punching, thereby forming a micro-connection at that position. This synchronization process is entirely determined by the geometric relationship of the mechanical structure and does not require the participation of electrical control logic.

[0054] Subsequently, the machine tool continues to feed, the cam profile drives the light-shielding mechanism and the punch mechanism to reset, and repeats the above process until the entire cutting trajectory is completed.

[0055] Please see Figures 1 to 8 To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, a specific application example is given below.

[0056] Suppose that a micro-connection needs to be formed every 100 mm on the outline of a rectangular sheet metal part with a long side of 500 mm. Based on the 100 mm interval, the operator selects a rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 so that the main drive shaft 31 rotates 90° every time the machine tool feeds 100 mm, thereby establishing a periodic relationship of one revolution of the main drive shaft 31 for every 4 micro-connection points.

[0057] Subsequently, a set of first cams 33 and second cams 34, matching the periodic relationship, are designed and machined, and mounted on the main drive shaft 31 with a predetermined phase relationship. After the machining head is installed and the phase is calibrated, the machine tool is started for machining.

[0058] During processing, the laser continues to cut in areas other than micro-connection points. When the machine tool feed reaches an integer multiple of 100 mm, the light-blocking component 45 blocks the laser, and simultaneously the punch 55 completes one punching operation, forming a micro-connection. This process is automatically repeated for every subsequent 100 mm feed. This example demonstrates that the synchronous triggering of laser on / off and mechanical punching in this invention is determined solely by the mechanical transmission relationship and is independent of the machine tool feed speed, exhibiting good stability and repeatability.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a laser cutting processing system, which includes a machine tool and a laser cutting and micro-connection punching composite processing head mounted on the machine tool.

[0060] The machine tool can be a CNC laser cutting machine, which includes a machine bed, a worktable for supporting the sheet metal, at least one CNC feed axis, and a drive device for driving the feed axis. Under the control of the CNC system, the machine tool can drive the composite machining head to perform continuous feed motion along a preset cutting trajectory.

[0061] The laser cutting and micro-connection punching composite processing head is any of the processing heads described in the foregoing embodiments. It is mounted on the motion axis of the machine tool through the interface 11 provided on the top of the housing 10 and moves synchronously with the machine tool feed axis. The rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 establishes a rigid transmission relationship with the feed motion of the machine tool, and is used to convert the feed displacement of the machine tool into the synchronous rotation of the main drive shaft 31.

[0062] During system operation, the machine tool's feed motion drives the main drive shaft 31 to rotate through the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20. The main drive shaft 31 further drives the first cam 33 and the second cam 34 to rotate synchronously, thereby triggering the laser on / off control module 40 and the micro-connection punching module 50 to operate at the preset feed position, achieving rigid synchronization of laser cutting and mechanical punching in spatial position.

[0063] Since the triggering relationship between the laser on / off state and the punching action in the system is determined by the deterministic mechanical mapping relationship between the machine tool feed displacement and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft 31, rather than relying on electronic timing control, the laser cutting processing system can stably achieve micro-connection processing at different feed speeds, and has the advantages of high synchronization accuracy, high reliability and simple structure.

[0064] It is understood that the specific structural form of the machine tool is not limited to the above embodiments. Any laser processing equipment that can provide feed motion for the composite processing head and establish a transmission relationship with the rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20 can constitute part of the laser cutting processing system of the present invention.

[0065] In summary, the laser cutting composite processing head provided by this invention achieves rigid synchronization of laser cutting and mechanical punching at the mechanical structure level through a rigid synchronous transmission mechanism 20, a phase-fixed double cam structure, and corresponding light-shielding and punching mechanisms. This processing head has a compact structure and stable synchronization, enabling efficient and reliable formation of mechanical micro-connections during laser cutting, and is suitable for various sheet metal processing scenarios.

[0066] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting composite processing head, driven by the linear feed motion of a machine tool, characterized in that, include: The top of the chassis (10) is provided with an interface (11) for connecting to the machine tool's motion axis. The main drive shaft (31) is rotatably supported inside the housing (10); The rigid synchronous transmission mechanism (20) has its input end connected to the feed motion component of the machine tool and its output end connected to the main drive shaft (31), so that the feed displacement of the machine tool and the rotation angle of the main drive shaft (31) form a fixed transmission ratio relationship, and the main drive shaft is kept rotating continuously when switching between feed forward and reverse through the backlash elimination structure; The laser on / off control module (40) includes a first cam (33) fixedly mounted on the main drive shaft (31) and a light-shielding mechanism driven by the contour of the first cam (33) to block the laser beam path emitted by an external laser. The micro-connected punching module (50) includes a second cam (34) fixedly mounted on the main drive shaft (31), and a punch mechanism driven by the contour of the second cam (34) to perform the punching action; The first cam (33) and the second cam (34) are fixed on the main drive shaft (31) and are spaced apart at a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. The light-shielding mechanism is driven by the first cam (33) and the punch mechanism is driven by the second cam (34).

2. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid synchronous transmission mechanism (20) is any one of a gear and rack pair, a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt pair, or a worm gear pair.

3. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rigid synchronous transmission mechanism (20) includes a backlash elimination structure disposed in its transmission link. The backlash elimination structure applies bidirectional preload to the transmission link so that the main transmission shaft (31) maintains continuous transmission in both the forward and reverse feed directions.

4. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first cam (33) and the second cam (34) have a quick-return profile, and their corresponding working stroke and reset stroke are asymmetrically distributed in terms of cam angle.

5. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding mechanism includes: The first driven roller (43) contacts the contour of the first cam (33) and is used to transmit the contour motion of the first cam (33) to the first rocker arm (41). The first swing arm (41) has one end connected to the first driven roller (43) and the other end extended into the laser on / off control module (40); The light-shielding component (45) is located in the laser on / off control module (40) and connected to the first swing arm (41). It moves back and forth into or out of the laser path as the first swing arm (41) deflects. The first elastic element (44) is connected to the light-shielding member (45) and provides a reset bias voltage to the light-shielding mechanism through the elastic load.

6. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punch mechanism includes: A linear guide (54) is provided inside the micro-connection punching module (50); The slider (53) is slidably connected to the linear guide rail (54), and the bottom of the slider (53) is fixed with the punch (55) for performing the punching action. The second elastic element (56) has one end connected to the slider (53) and the other end connected to the inner wall of the micro-connection punching module (50), so that the punching mechanism resets upward after punching is completed. The second swing arm (52) is hinged at one end to the slider (53) to convert the rotation drive into linear motion, and its other end extends into the housing (10). The second driven roller (51) contacts the contour of the second cam (34) to receive driving force, and the second driven roller (51) is rotatably mounted on the second rocker arm (52) via a shaft.

7. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main drive shaft (31) is provided with the phase calibration disk (35), which is provided with angle scale, positioning hole or positioning ratchet, for calibrating the correspondence between the cam phase and the starting point of the machining trajectory.

8. The laser cutting composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser on / off control module (40) and the micro-connection punching module (50) are detachably connected to the chassis (10).

9. A laser cutting processing system, characterized in that, Includes machine tools and laser cutting composite processing heads as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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