A support limiting device

Abstract

A kind of support limiting device, comprising: base and multiple limiters arranged on the base, and the limiter is used to support and limit crankshaft;The limiter includes: rack, rack is slidably connected with base along the extension direction of crankshaft;Support mechanism, support mechanism is installed on rack, for supporting crankshaft;Deformation limiting mechanism, deformation limiting mechanism is installed on rack, for tightly fixing crankshaft on support mechanism, limit crankshaft deformation;Position adjusting mechanism, position adjusting mechanism is installed on rack, for driving rack to slide on base.Crankshaft is placed on base after, support mechanism provides support to crankshaft, and deformation limiting mechanism tightly fixes crankshaft on support mechanism.Crankshaft is quenched by setting multiple limiters, so that it can be supported and limited by multiple points in the process, so as to control the deformation of crankshaft when quenching, improve the yield of crankshaft quenching process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment equipment technology, and in particular to a support and limiting device. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the core components of an engine, the crankshaft's performance directly affects the engine's performance and lifespan. Induction hardening can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the crankshaft surface, resulting in stronger mechanical properties and a longer lifespan compared to before hardening. However, crankshafts with a large length-to-diameter ratio are prone to deformation during induction hardening due to the highly concentrated heating area and changes in material properties caused by high temperatures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a support and shape-limiting device that can provide multi-point support and shape constraint during the crankshaft hardening process, thereby controlling the deformation of the crankshaft during hardening and improving the yield rate of the crankshaft hardening process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems of the prior art, this application provides a support and limiting device that can provide multi-point support and limiting constraints during the quenching process of crankshaft, thereby controlling the deformation of crankshaft during quenching and improving the yield of crankshaft quenching process.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a support and limiting device, comprising: a base and a plurality of limiters disposed on the base, the limiters being used to support and limit the shape of a crankshaft; the limiters comprising: a frame, the frame being slidably connected to the base along the extension direction of the crankshaft; a support mechanism, the support mechanism being mounted on the frame for supporting the crankshaft; a deformation limiting mechanism, the deformation limiting mechanism being mounted on the frame for pressing and fixing the crankshaft onto the support mechanism to limit the deformation of the crankshaft; and a position adjusting mechanism, the position adjusting mechanism being mounted on the frame for driving the frame to slide on the base.

[0005] With the above structure, after the crankshaft is placed on the base, the support mechanism provides support for the crankshaft, and the deformation limiting mechanism presses and fixes the crankshaft onto the support mechanism. By setting multiple limiters, the crankshaft can be supported and fixed at multiple positions. Therefore, through multi-point support and shape constraint during the crankshaft quenching process, the deformation of the crankshaft during quenching can be controlled, thereby improving the yield rate of the crankshaft quenching process.

[0006] Alternatively, the frame can be driven to slide on the base via a position adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the position of the limiter and thus the position in which the limiter supports and fixes the crankshaft. Therefore, not only can the position for supporting and fixing the crankshaft be selected as needed, but the position of the limiter can also be adaptively adjusted when the crankshaft model changes, thus adapting to different crankshaft models.

[0007] In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes: a lifting frame, which is slidably connected to the frame in a vertical direction; a first drive cylinder, which is throttle connected to the lifting frame and drives the lifting frame to move up and down; and two support wheels, which are spaced apart and whose axes are parallel to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

[0008] With the above structure, the lifting frame can be moved up and down by the first drive cylinder, thereby adjusting the height of the crankshaft. This allows the lifting frame to be lowered before the crankshaft is placed, avoiding interference with its placement. Alternatively, the lifting frame can be raised after the crankshaft is placed on the base, allowing the support wheels to contact the crankshaft and provide support.

[0009] In some embodiments, the two support wheels are at the same height and are on the same plane.

[0010] By adopting the above structure, the supporting forces applied to the crankshaft by the support wheels can be symmetrically arranged and lie on the same plane. This improves the stability and robustness of the crankshaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support mechanism further includes: a support base, which is slidably connected to the lifting frame, with the two support bases sliding in an obliquely intersecting direction, and the support wheel being located at the upper end of the support base along its sliding direction; and a limiting screw, which is mounted on the lifting frame and threadedly connected to the lifting frame along the sliding direction of the support base, and is located at the end of the support base away from the support wheel, abutting against the support base.

[0012] With the above structure, the support seat can be driven to slide on the lifting frame by a limiting set screw, thereby adjusting the height of the support rollers and the distance between the two support rollers. Therefore, when the crankshaft model changes, the two support rollers can be adjusted by the limiting set screw to adapt to the support requirements of different crankshaft models.

[0013] In some embodiments, the two supports slide in directions that are 60° to the vertical direction.

[0014] With the above structure, when the deformation limiting mechanism presses and fixes the crankshaft on the support wheel in the vertical direction, the forces applied to the crankshaft by the deformation limiting mechanism and the two support wheels can be 120° apart, which can make the force on the crankshaft more uniform and thus improve the stability and robustness of the crankshaft.

[0015] In some embodiments, the deformation limiting mechanism includes: a limiting wheel located above the support mechanism and at a corresponding position between the two support wheels; and a second drive cylinder connected to the limiting wheel to drive the limiting wheel to move closer to / away from the support wheels.

[0016] By employing the above structure and positioning the limiting wheel in the middle of the two support wheels, the limiting wheel is positioned directly above the crankshaft axis, ensuring that the force applied by the limiting wheel to the crankshaft is vertically directed towards the axis. This improves the stability and robustness of the crankshaft.

[0017] In some embodiments, the deformation limiting mechanism further includes: a pressure arm, the pressure arm being hinged to the frame, the limiting wheel being disposed at one end of the pressure arm, and the second drive cylinder driving the pressure arm to rotate.

[0018] With the above structure, the cylinder arm can be driven to rotate by the second drive cylinder, thereby causing the limiting wheel to press and fix the crankshaft on the support wheel.

[0019] In some embodiments, the pressure arm is hinged to the frame at its intermediate position; the second drive cylinder is hinged to the frame, and the drive rod of the second drive cylinder is hinged to the other end of the pressure arm.

[0020] With the above structure, when the second drive rod drives the pressure arm to rotate, the second drive cylinder can rotate with the rotation of the pressure arm, thus avoiding affecting the drive of the pressure arm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the position adjustment mechanism includes: a rack mounted on the base and extending along the extension direction of the crankshaft; a gear mounted on the frame and meshing with the rack; and a motor connected to the gear in a transmission manner.

[0022] In some embodiments, the position adjustment mechanism further includes a speed reducer, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the motor is mounted on the speed reducer to drive the gear to rotate.

[0023] With the above structure, the gear can be driven to rotate by a motor, causing the gear to move along the rack, thereby driving the limit switch to adjust its position.

[0024] These and other aspects of the invention will become more apparent from the following description of several embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The various features of the present invention and the relationships between them are further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are exemplary; some features are not shown to scale, and some drawings may omit conventional features in the field of this application that are not essential to this application, or additional features that are not essential to this application may be shown. The combination of features shown in the drawings is not intended to limit the present application. Furthermore, throughout this specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same things. Specific descriptions of the drawings are as follows:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top orthographic projection structure of the supporting limiting device in this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side orthographic projection diagram of the supporting limiting device in this application;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle frame;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the deformation limiting mechanism;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the position adjustment mechanism.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0033] 10 Support limiting device; 100 Base; 110 Horizontal guide rail; 200 Limiter; 210 Frame; 211 Upper frame; 212 Lower frame; 213 Horizontal slider; 214 Vertical slider; 220 Support mechanism; 221 Lifting frame; 222 First drive cylinder; 223 Vertical slide rail; 224 Support wheel; 225 Support seat; 226 Limiting screw; 227 Limiting seat; 230 Deformation limiting mechanism; 231 Limiting wheel; 232 Pressure arm; 233 Second drive cylinder; 234 Support; 240 Position adjustment mechanism; 241 Rack; 242 Gear; 243 Motor; 244 Reducer; 245 Support plate; 20 Crankshaft. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The terms "first, second, third, etc." or similar terms such as module A, module B, module C, etc., used in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that a specific order or sequence may be interchanged where permitted so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0035] The term "comprising" as used in the specification and claims should not be construed as limiting itself to what follows; it does not exclude other elements. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the mentioned feature, integral, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the statement "equipment comprising means A and B" should not be limited to an equipment consisting solely of components A and B.

[0036] The term "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" as used in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the terms "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

[0037] Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, possible embodiments of the supporting limiting device in this application will be described by way of example.

[0038] The support and limiting device 10 in this application includes a base 100 and a plurality of limiters 200 disposed on the base 100. The limiters 200 are used to support and limit the crankshaft 20. Each limiter 200 includes a frame 210, a support mechanism 220, a deformation limiting mechanism 230, and a position adjusting mechanism 240. The frame 210 and the base 100 are slidably connected along the extension direction of the crankshaft 20. The support mechanism 220 is mounted on the frame 210 and is used to support the crankshaft 20. The deformation limiting mechanism 230 is mounted on the frame 210 and is used to press and fix the crankshaft 20 onto the support mechanism 220, limiting the deformation of the crankshaft 20. The position adjusting mechanism 240 is mounted on the frame 210 and is used to drive the frame 210 to slide on the base 100.

[0039] As described above, after the crankshaft 20 is placed on the base 100, the support mechanism 220 provides support for the crankshaft 20, and the deformation limiting mechanism 230 presses and fixes the crankshaft 20 onto the support mechanism 220. By setting multiple limiters 200, the crankshaft 20 can be supported and fixed at multiple positions. Therefore, during the quenching process of the crankshaft 20, multi-point support and shape constraint can be used to control the deformation of the crankshaft 20 during quenching, thereby improving the yield of the crankshaft 20 quenching process.

[0040] Alternatively, the position adjustment mechanism 240 can drive the frame 210 to slide on the base 100, thereby adjusting the position of the limiter 200 and thus the position in which the limiter 200 supports and fixes the crankshaft 20. Therefore, not only can the position for supporting and fixing the crankshaft 20 be selected as needed, but the position of the limiter 200 can also be adaptively adjusted when the model of the crankshaft 20 changes, thus adapting to different models of the crankshaft 20.

[0041] In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes a lifting frame 221, a first drive cylinder 222, and support wheels 224. The lifting frame 221 is slidably connected to the frame 210 in a vertical direction. The first drive cylinder 222 is drively connected to the lifting frame 221, driving the lifting frame 221 to move up and down. Two support wheels 224 are spaced apart, with their axes parallel to the extending direction of the crankshaft 20. Therefore, the lifting frame 221 can be driven up and down by the first drive cylinder 222, thereby adjusting the support height of the crankshaft 20. Thus, the lifting frame 221 can be lowered before the crankshaft 20 is placed, avoiding interference with its placement. Alternatively, the lifting frame 221 can be raised after the crankshaft 20 is placed on the base 100, allowing the support wheels 224 to contact the crankshaft 20 and provide support.

[0042] In some embodiments, the two support wheels 224 are at the same height and lie on the same plane. This allows the supporting forces applied to the crankshaft 20 by the support wheels 224 to be symmetrically arranged and on the same plane. This improves the stability and robustness of the crankshaft 20.

[0043] In some embodiments, the support mechanism further includes a support base 225 and a limiting screw 226. The support base 225 is slidably connected to the lifting frame 221, and the two support bases 225 are obliquely and cross-shaped in their sliding directions. The support wheel 224 is located at the upper end of the support base 225 along its sliding direction. The limiting screw 226 is mounted on the lifting frame 221 and threadedly connected to the lifting frame 221 along the sliding direction of the support base 225. The limiting screw 226 is located at the end of the support base 225 away from the support wheel 224 and abuts against the support base 225. Thus, the support base 225 can be driven to slide on the lifting frame 221 by the limiting screw 226, thereby adjusting the height of the support wheel 224 and the distance between the two support wheels 224. Therefore, when the model of the crankshaft 20 changes, the two support wheels 224 can be adjusted by the limiting screw 226 to adapt to the support requirements of different models of crankshaft 20.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sliding directions of the two support seats 225 are each 60° to the vertical direction. Thus, when the deformation limiting mechanism 230 presses and fixes the crankshaft 20 to the support wheel 224 in the vertical direction, the forces applied to the crankshaft 20 by the deformation limiting mechanism 230 and the two support wheels 224 are each 120° apart, thereby making the force on the crankshaft 20 more uniform and improving the stability and robustness of the crankshaft 20.

[0045] In some embodiments, the deformation limiting mechanism 230 includes a limiting wheel 231 and a second drive cylinder 233. The limiting wheel 231 is located above the support mechanism 220, at a corresponding midpoint between the two support wheels 224. The second drive cylinder 233 is kinetically connected to the limiting wheel 231, driving the limiting wheel 231 to move closer to / away from the support wheels 224. Thus, by positioning the limiting wheel 231 at a corresponding midpoint between the two support wheels 224, the limiting wheel 231 can be positioned directly above the axis of the crankshaft 20, ensuring that the force applied by the limiting wheel 231 to the crankshaft 20 is vertically directed towards the axis. This improves the stability and robustness of the crankshaft 20.

[0046] In some embodiments, the deformation limiting mechanism 230 further includes a pressure arm 232, which is hinged to the frame 210. A limiting wheel 231 is disposed at one end of the pressure arm 232, and a second drive cylinder 233 drives the pressure arm 232 to rotate. Thus, the second drive cylinder 233 can drive the pressure arm 232 to rotate, thereby causing the limiting wheel 231 to press and fix the crankshaft 20 onto the support wheel 224.

[0047] In some embodiments, the pressure arm 232 is hinged to the frame 210 at its intermediate position. The second drive cylinder 233 is hinged to the frame 210, and the drive rod of the second drive cylinder 233 is hinged to the other end of the pressure arm 232. Thus, when the second drive rod drives the pressure arm 232 to rotate, the second drive cylinder 233 can rotate with the pressure arm 232, avoiding affecting the drive of the pressure arm 232.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first drive cylinder 222 and / or the second drive cylinder 233 are hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or other suitable drive mechanisms.

[0049] In some embodiments, the position adjustment mechanism 240 includes a rack 241, a gear 242, and a motor 243. The rack 241 is mounted on the base 100 and extends along the extension direction of the crankshaft 20. The gear 242 is mounted on the frame 210 and meshes with the rack 241. The motor 243 is drive-connected to the gear 242.

[0050] In some embodiments, the position adjustment mechanism 240 further includes a reducer 244, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 210. A motor 243 is mounted on the reducer 244 and drives the gear 242 to rotate. Thus, the motor 243 can drive the gear 242 to rotate, causing the gear 242 to move along the rack 241, thereby driving the limiter 200 to adjust its position.

[0051] The above description provides an exemplary description of possible embodiments of the support limiting device 10. Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a detailed description of the specific structure of the support limiting device 10 in this application will be given in a particular embodiment.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top orthographic projection structure of the supporting limiting device 10 in this application; Figure 2 This is a side orthographic projection diagram of the supporting and limiting device in this application. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the support and limiting device 10 in this application includes a base 100 and five limiters 200 disposed on the base 100. The limiters 200 are used to support and limit the crankshaft 20. Thus, the crankshaft 20 can be supported and limited at five positions by multiple limiters 200, thereby controlling the deformation of the crankshaft 20 during quenching and improving the yield of the crankshaft 20 quenching process.

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, the base 100 has a frame structure, and two horizontal guide rails 110 are installed on the top of the base 100, which are arranged parallel to each other. The horizontal guide rails 110 are slidably connected to the horizontal sliders 213 on the frame 210 described below, so that the frame 210 and the limiter 200 can slide on the base 100 along the horizontal guide rails 110.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the limiter 200 includes a frame 210, a support mechanism 220, a deformation limiting mechanism 230, and a position adjusting mechanism 240. The frame 210 and the base 100 are slidably connected along the extending direction of the crankshaft 20. The support mechanism 220 is mounted on the frame 210 and supports the crankshaft 20. The deformation limiting mechanism 230 is mounted on the frame 210 and presses and fixes the crankshaft 20 onto the support mechanism 220, limiting the deformation of the crankshaft 20. The position adjusting mechanism 240 is mounted on the frame 210 and drives the frame 210 to slide on the base 100.

[0055] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the middle frame 210. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown, the frame 210 includes an upper frame 211, a lower frame 212, horizontal sliders 213, and vertical sliders 214. The lower frame 212 is bolted to the lower surface of the upper frame 211, forming a T-shaped frame. Two horizontal sliders 213 are provided, respectively installed on the lower surface of the upper frame 211 near both ends, corresponding to the two horizontal guide rails 110, and slidably connected to them. Two vertical sliders 214 are provided, fixedly installed on the lower frame 212, corresponding to the vertical slide rails 223, and slidably connected to them.

[0056] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the central support mechanism 220. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the support mechanism 220 includes a lifting frame 221, a first drive cylinder 222, and a vertical slide rail 223. The lifting frame 221 is a T-shaped block component, comprising a horizontal portion and a vertical portion. Two vertical slide rails 223 are provided, fixedly installed on both sides of the vertical portion of the lifting frame 221 along the vertical direction, and slidably connected to the vertical slider 214. The first drive cylinder 222 is fixedly installed on the frame 210, corresponding to the middle position of the lifting frame 221, and has a vertically upward-extending drive rod. The drive rod of the first drive cylinder 222 is fixedly connected to the lifting frame 221, driving the lifting frame 221 to move up and down along the vertical slide rail 223.

[0057] like Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the support mechanism 220 also includes a support wheel 224, a support base 225, a limiting screw 226, and a limiting seat 227. Two support bases 225 are provided, slidably connected to the lifting frame 221, and located on the upper surface of the horizontal portion of the lifting frame 221. The two support bases 225 are obliquely intersecting the sliding direction of the lifting frame 221, with the support bases 225 extending along their sliding direction so that their upper ends are inclined towards the middle position of the lifting frame 221. The angle between the sliding direction of the two support bases 225 and the vertical direction is 60°, i.e., the angle between the sliding directions of the two support bases 225 is 120°. The limiting seat 227 is mounted on the lifting frame 221, located at the corresponding lower end of the support base 225. The limiting screw 226 is mounted on the limiting seat 227 and threadedly connected to the limiting seat 227 along the sliding direction of the support base 225. The upper end of the limiting set screw 226 abuts against the lower end of the support seat 225. By rotating the limiting set screw 226, the support seat 225 can be driven to slide on the lifting frame 221. Two support wheels 224 are provided, respectively installed at the upper ends of the two support seats 225. The two support wheels 224 are of equal height and are located on the same radial plane of the crankshaft 20.

[0058] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the deformation limiting mechanism 230. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the deformation limiting mechanism 230 includes a limiting wheel 231, a pressure arm 232, a second drive cylinder 233, and a support 234. The support 234 is fixedly mounted on the frame 210, located on one side of the support mechanism 220, and is on the same radial plane as the support mechanism 220 on the crankshaft 20. The pressure arm 232 is hinged to the upper end of the support 234 at its middle position, and the second drive cylinder 233 is hinged to the support 234 on the side of the support 234 away from the support mechanism 220. One end of the pressure arm 232 extends obliquely upward to a position above the middle of the two support wheels 224, and the other end extends horizontally to a position above the second drive cylinder 233. The limiting wheel 231 is mounted on one end of the pressure arm 232, and the drive cylinder of the second drive cylinder 233 extends vertically upward and is hinged to the other end of the pressure arm 232. Thus, by extending / retracting the drive rod, the second drive rod can drive the pressure arm 232 to rotate on the support 234, thereby causing the limiting wheel 231 to approach / move away from the support wheel 224.

[0059] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the middle position adjustment mechanism 240. (See diagram below.) Figure 6As shown, the assembly includes a rack 241, a gear 242, a motor 243, a reducer 244, and a support plate 245. The support plate 245 is fixedly mounted on the frame 210, located at one end of the upper frame 211 near the horizontal guide rail 110. The reducer 244 is bolted to the support plate 245, and the motor 243 is bolted to the reducer 244. The drive shaft of the motor 243 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 244, and the gear 242 is mounted on the output shaft of the reducer 244. Therefore, after the motor 243 starts, the reducer 244 reduces the output speed of the motor 243, and the output shaft of the reducer 244 drives the gear 242 to rotate. Figure 1 As shown, the rack 241 is an oblique rack 241, which is fixedly installed on the side of the base 100, located near the horizontal guide rail 110, and arranged parallel to the horizontal guide rail 110. The rack 241 meshes with the gear 242, so that the motor 243 can drive the gear 242 to rotate, thereby driving the limiter 200 to move along the horizontal guide rail 110.

[0060] The above description, in a specific embodiment, details the structure of the support and limiting device 10 in this application. The following describes the operational process of the support and limiting device 10 in the embodiment.

[0061] Initially, the limiters 200 are in the standby position, the second drive cylinder 233 is fully retracted, and the limiting wheel 231 is fully extended. After the crankshaft 20 is loaded, the area of ​​the crankshaft 20 requiring induction hardening is input into the program. The motor 243 drives the gear 242 to move the five limiters 200 to the preset limiting positions. Once all limiters 200 are in place, the first drive cylinder 222 extends according to the program settings, driving the lifting frame 221 and support wheel 224 to move upwards to a predetermined position, making contact between the support wheel 224 and the surface of the crankshaft 20. The second drive cylinder 233 extends, causing the pressure arm 232 to rotate counterclockwise, driving the limiting wheel 231 downwards with the pressure arm 232, and the limiting wheel 231 moves downwards to the predetermined position. The induction hardening equipment hardens the surface of the crankshaft 20. After the hardening process is completed, the second drive cylinder 233 retracts, driving the pressure arm 232 to rotate clockwise. This causes the limiting wheel 231 to move upward with the pressure arm 232, reaching the top and unloading the crankshaft 20. The first drive cylinder 222 then drives the support wheel 224 to descend via the lifting frame 221. The motor 243 drives the five limit switches 200 back to the standby position via the drive gear 242. This completes the entire production process of the crankshaft 20.

[0062] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and the technical principles employed in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support and limiting device, characterized in that, include: A base and multiple limiters disposed on the base, the limiters being used to support and limit the shape of the crankshaft; The limiter includes: A frame, wherein the frame and the base are slidably connected along the extension direction of the crankshaft; A support mechanism, mounted on the frame, is used to support the crankshaft; A deformation limiting mechanism is mounted on the frame to press and fix the crankshaft onto the support mechanism, thereby limiting the deformation of the crankshaft. A position adjustment mechanism is mounted on the frame and is used to drive the frame to slide on the base.

2. The support and shaping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes: A lifting frame, which is slidably connected to the machine frame in the vertical direction; The first drive cylinder is connected to the lifting frame in a transmission manner, and drives the lifting frame to move up and down. The support wheels are arranged in two spaced intervals, and the axis of the support wheels is parallel to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

3. The support and limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two support wheels are at the same height and are on the same plane.

4. The support and limiting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support mechanism also includes: A support base is slidably connected to the lifting frame. The two support bases are arranged obliquely and crosswise in their sliding directions. The support wheel is located at the upper end of the support base along its sliding direction. A limiting screw is installed on the lifting frame and threadedly connected to the lifting frame along the sliding direction of the support seat. The limiting screw is located at the end of the support seat away from the support wheel and abuts against the support seat.

5. The support and limiting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two support seats slide in directions that are 60° to the vertical direction.

6. The support and limiting device according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The deformation limiting mechanism includes: A limiting wheel is located above the support mechanism, at the corresponding position between the two support wheels; The second drive cylinder is connected to the limiting wheel via a transmission, and drives the limiting wheel to move closer to or away from the support wheel.

7. The support and limiting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The deformation limiting mechanism further includes: A pressure arm is hinged to the frame, and a limiting wheel is disposed at one end of the pressure arm. The second drive cylinder drives the pressure arm to rotate.

8. The support and limiting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure arm is hinged to the frame at its middle position; the second drive cylinder is hinged to the frame, and the drive rod of the second drive cylinder is hinged to the other end of the pressure arm.

9. The support and limiting device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The position adjustment mechanism includes: A rack, which is mounted on the base and extends along the extension direction of the crankshaft; A gear, which is mounted on the frame and meshes with the rack; An electric motor, which is connected to the gear transmission.

10. The support and limiting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The position adjustment mechanism further includes: A speed reducer is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a motor is mounted on the speed reducer to drive the gear to rotate.

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