Construction structure and construction method for improving anti-permeability performance of laminated slab cast-in-place slab

Abstract

The application discloses a construction structure and a construction method for improving the anti-permeability of cast-in-situ slab strips of laminated slabs. The construction structure comprises a support system, a laminated slab formwork, a laminated slab, a cast-in-situ slab strip, a cast-in-situ layer, a sealing strip and a counter-pulling piece. The construction method comprises the following steps: arranging the sealing strip between the lower edge of the laminated slab and the laminated slab formwork, and then arranging the counter-pulling piece between the upper part of the laminated slab and the support system, so that the laminated slab formwork and the laminated slab are tightly pressed to realize gap sealing. The application has the beneficial effects that: the application can be used in various laminated slab cast-in-situ slab strip areas, and at the same time, the application can ensure that the uneven ground caused by the production error of the bottom of the cast-in-situ slab strip and the laminated slab forms a good closed space, ensures the self-compacting anti-permeability of the concrete structure of the water-free room, and further ensures that the complaints of the tenants are reduced and the living experience of the tenants is improved under the normal use condition after the project is delivered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application pertains to the installation and construction of prefabricated building composite slabs, specifically involving a construction structure and method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of environmental protection and carbon reduction goals and the full implementation of the building industrialization development strategy, prefabricated buildings have ushered in unprecedented development opportunities. Prefabricated concrete structures, due to their outstanding advantages such as low carbon emissions, environmental friendliness, high construction efficiency, and controllable quality, have become an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry. Among them, composite slabs, as key horizontal load-bearing components in prefabricated concrete structural systems, have achieved a usage rate exceeding 40% of the total number of prefabricated components due to their high degree of industrialized production, minimal on-site wet work, and controllable overall costs. Furthermore, their application rate shows a significant trend of continuous increase and a growing variety of component types covered.

[0003] Currently, composite slabs have been widely adopted in residential construction projects, but their application scope remains significantly limited. Due to strict risk avoidance of leakage, cast-in-place slabs are generally used in rooms with water, such as kitchens and bathrooms, while composite slabs are only applied to rooms without water, such as living rooms, dining rooms, bedrooms, and studies. This situation stems from problems during composite slab construction, including improper handling of slab joints, incomplete cleaning of debris within the joints, and insufficient compaction of the poured concrete. These issues make the joints vulnerable to leakage. Statistics show that the current leakage rate at composite slab joints is around 8%, which not only seriously affects the normal functionality of buildings but also results in a material wastage rate exceeding 10%, creating a significant contradiction with the core goal of improving the quality and efficiency of prefabricated buildings.

[0004] Even more serious is the fact that, as fully furnished apartments become the industry standard for new residential construction, composite slabs typically have multiple structural layers above them, including a leveling layer, a rubber sound insulation layer, insulation boards, underfloor heating pipes, and a decorative surface layer. If leakage occurs at the joints, water will seep down the gaps between the slabs, requiring extensive rework and reconstruction of the upper structure. Simultaneously, leaking water will drip down through cracks in the floor slab to the lower-level residents, leading to a series of chain reactions, including neighborhood complaints, rapidly increasing maintenance costs, and a significant decline in the living experience. In current engineering practice, some projects have attempted to add waterproof coatings, fill sealants, or lay waterstops at the joints, but these methods are limited by factors such as short construction intervals for composite slabs, insufficient coordination of joint deformation, and weak bonding between the waterproofing layer and the structural layer, making it difficult to eliminate the leakage risk at its root.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a practical and effective construction method for preventing leakage in cast-in-place composite slabs with joints. This method should systematically solve the problem of joint leakage from the perspectives of structural design and construction technology, thereby ensuring that composite slabs can be safely used in water-bearing rooms of prefabricated buildings. This will truly enable prefabricated buildings to leap from waterless rooms to fully functional spaces, reduce the rate of later maintenance complaints, and improve the living experience of users. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a construction structure and method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place slab strips in composite slabs. Combining the conventional installation of composite slabs and the construction characteristics of cast-in-place slab strips and cast-in-place composite layers, this application designs a construction method from formwork support to joint treatment of cast-in-place slab strips. This method can effectively strengthen the integrity of composite slabs and cast-in-place slab strips, as well as composite slabs and composite layers. Furthermore, by saving on the consumption of concrete and other materials, as well as the costs of secondary modifications and rework involving labor and machinery, this method can improve the overall quality and water-stopping effect of non-water-affected room floor slabs in building construction projects, thereby achieving the goals of improved work efficiency and effective reduction of overall costs.

[0007] The objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips includes a support system, a composite slab template on the support system, composite slabs on the composite slab template, a cast-in-place strip between adjacent composite slabs, a cast-in-place layer on the upper layer of the composite slabs, a sealing strip between the lower edge of the composite slab and the composite slab template, a locking engagement between the upper part of the composite slab and the upper end of a tie rod, and the lower end of the tie rod passing through the composite slab template and connecting to the support system.

[0008] Furthermore, the support system includes a base support, main support beams, and secondary support beams. The top of the base support is provided with several horizontally arranged main support beams, and the top of the main support beams is provided with several longitudinally arranged secondary support beams. The secondary support beams are provided with composite slab templates.

[0009] Furthermore, the sealing strip is a sponge strip.

[0010] Furthermore, the cast-in-place slab strip is provided with slab strip reinforcement, and the end reinforcement extending from the end of the composite slab is hook-shaped and tied to the slab strip reinforcement. The end reinforcement of adjacent composite slabs are arranged crosswise.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper ends of the tie members are respectively engaged with the two adjacent laminated plates on both sides.

[0012] Furthermore, the tie member includes a horizontal support, a vertical screw, and a tie head. The horizontal support is engaged with the composite plate, the horizontal support is connected to the upper end of the vertical screw, the lower end of the vertical screw is connected to the tie head, and the tie head is located on the support system.

[0013] A construction method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place slab strips of composite slabs involves installing a sealing strip between the lower edge of the composite slab and the composite slab template before pouring the cast-in-place slab strip and the cast-in-place layer. Then, tie rods with tension are installed between the upper part of the composite slab and the support system. Based on the support system, the tie rods apply downward pressure to the composite slab, thereby tightly pressing the sealing strip between the composite slab template and the composite slab to achieve gap sealing. Subsequently, the cast-in-place slab strip and the cast-in-place layer are poured.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S1, erecting a support system and laying composite slab templates on the support system; S2. Affix a sealing strip to the lower edge of the composite slab; S3. Hoist the composite slab onto the composite slab template; S4. Tie members with a tensioning effect are arranged between the upper part of the composite plate and the support system. Based on the support system, the tie members apply downward pressure to the composite plate, so that the sealing strip between the composite plate template and the composite plate is tightly pressed to achieve gap sealing. S5. Casting of cast-in-place slab strips and cast-in-place layers; S6. Remove the composite slab formwork and cut off the exposed portion of the tie rods.

[0015] Furthermore, in S1, the support system includes a foundation support, main support beams, and secondary support beams. First, the foundation support is erected, then several transverse main support beams are arranged on the foundation support, then several secondary support beams are arranged on the main support beams, and finally, composite slab formwork is laid on the secondary support beams.

[0016] Furthermore, in S4, the tie rod includes a horizontal support, a vertical screw, and a tie head. The upper end of the vertical screw is connected to the horizontal support and has a hole in the composite slab template. The end of the horizontal support rests on the upper part of the composite slab. The lower end of the vertical screw passes through the hole in the composite slab template and is secured to the base support through the tie head. Then, the vertical screw is tightened by the tie head, and the vertical screw applies downward pressure to the composite slab through the horizontal support.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. With the increasing use of composite slabs, this patent can be widely applied to various composite slab cast-in-place slab strip areas. At the same time, it can ensure that the bottom of the cast-in-place slab strip and the uneven ground caused by the production error of the composite slab form a good closed space, ensuring the self-compacting and impermeable performance of the concrete structure of the waterless room. In this way, under normal use after the project is delivered, complaints from homeowners will be reduced and their living experience will be improved. 2. This patent can save on material consumption and corresponding labor and machinery consumption for leveling work in subsequent fine decoration work caused by grout leakage, chiseling, grinding and polishing after the traditional composite slab concrete pouring. At the same time, it can improve the first-time pass rate of floor clear height and top slab flatness after the composite slab and cast-in-place layer are poured.

[0018] 3. Reinforcement materials can be easily obtained on the construction site, without the need for special procurement or customization.

[0019] 4. This construction method is relatively simple and easy to implement on site; The aforementioned main solution and its various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and are claimed in this application; furthermore, the (non-conflicting alternatives) can also be freely combined with each other and with other alternatives. Those skilled in the art, after understanding the solution of this application, will realize from the prior art and common general knowledge that there are many combinations, all of which are technical solutions to be protected by this application, and will not be exhaustively listed here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Foundation support, 2-Main support beam, 3-Secondary support beam, 4-Composite slab formwork, 5-Sealing strip, 6-Composite slab, 7-Cast-in-place slab strip, 8-Slab strip reinforcement, 9-End reinforcement, 10-Tie member, 11-Cast-in-place reinforcement, 12-Cast-in-place layer, 101-Horizontal reinforcing bar, 102-Vertical tie rod, 103-Tie head. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following non-limiting embodiments are used to illustrate this application.

[0023] Example 1 refer to Figure 1 As shown, a construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips includes a support system, composite slab formwork 4, sealing strip 5, composite slab 6, cast-in-place strip 7, and tie rod 10. Through reinforcement and sealing measures, leakage and misalignment at the location of the cast-in-place composite slab strip are reduced.

[0024] The support system serves as the foundation support before the pouring of construction components, and all structures and components are placed on this support. A composite slab formwork 4 is installed on the support system, and a composite slab 6 is placed on the composite slab formwork 4. The composite slab formwork 4 is used to place the composite slab 6 and to facilitate the on-site pouring of the composite slab 6 (precast component). A cast-in-place slab strip 7 is formed between two adjacent composite slabs 6, and a cast-in-place layer 12 is formed on top of the composite slab 6. In other words, the composite slab 6, the cast-in-place slab strip 7, and the cast-in-place layer 12 form a common horizontal building component.

[0025] A sealing strip 5 is provided between the lower edge of the composite slab 6 and the composite slab template 4. The sealing strip 5 seals the gap between the composite slab 6 and the composite slab template 4, achieving a waterproof seal. The upper part of the composite slab 6 is engaged with the upper end of the tie member 10, and the lower end of the tie member 10 passes through the composite slab template 4 and connects to the support system. The tie member 10 is pulled between the composite slab 6 and the support system, and the pulling action further compresses the sealing strip 5, improving the sealing effect of the sealing strip 5 and preventing subsequent leakage.

[0026] The support system includes a foundation support 1, main support beams 2, and secondary support beams 3. The foundation support 1 uses a disc-lock scaffold, ensuring a 900mm spacing between uprights, a 1.5m step distance, and a maximum 1m spacing between the top horizontal bars. The top of the foundation support 1 has several horizontally arranged main support beams 2, which are double steel pipes laid on top of adjustable supports. The steel pipes are ordinary steel pipes, and each adjustable support should have two steel pipes. The top of the main support beams 2 has several longitudinally arranged secondary support beams 3, with composite slab formwork 4 on top of the secondary support beams 3. 40×40×2.5mm rectangular tubes are laid on the main beams as secondary beams, with a spacing of no more than 250mm between the tubes.

[0027] The thickness of the composite slab formwork 4 should not be less than 13mm. The formwork should be intact and undamaged to prevent grout leakage after concrete pouring. The sealing strip 5 is a sponge strip with a width of not less than 20mm. According to the detailed drawings of the composite slab and the on-site layout, the strip should be pasted 5-10mm away from the edge of the composite slab and continuously pasted along the entire length of the composite slab joint. The pasting should be straight and not twisted.

[0028] The cast-in-place slab strip 7 is provided with slab strip reinforcement 8, that is, the slab strip reinforcement 8 is provided in the slab strip area according to the design drawings. The slab strip reinforcement 8 is arranged in the same direction as the longitudinal reinforcement in the composite slab 6. The end reinforcement 9 extending from the end of the composite slab 6 is hook-shaped and tied to the slab strip reinforcement 8. The end reinforcement 9 of two adjacent composite slabs 6 are arranged crosswise. The slab strip reinforcement 8, the end reinforcement 9 and the concrete together form a solid cast-in-place slab strip 7 structure.

[0029] The upper ends of the tie members 10 are respectively engaged with the two adjacent composite plates 6, meaning that the tie members 10 arranged within the strip simultaneously exert downward pressure on the composite plates 6 on both sides, or they can exert downward pressure on only one side of the composite plate 6. At the same time, several tie members 10 are arranged at intervals along the strip direction, with the spacing being the same as the spacing of the foundation supports 1 (disc buckle frame uprights) on the support system, to ensure uniform and reliable tension.

[0030] The tie rod 10 includes a horizontal support 101, a vertical screw 102, and a tie rod head 103. The horizontal support 101 engages with the composite plate 6, meaning that the end of the horizontal support 101 acts on the composite plate 6, with a support length of not less than 10mm. The horizontal support 101 is welded to the upper end of the vertical screw 102. The screw and the support are welded into a T-shaped piece that rests on both sides of the composite plate, or the screw and the support are welded into an L-shaped piece that rests on one side of the composite plate. The composite plate template 4 has holes with a diameter of 14mm and a spacing of 900mm (the same as the spacing of the foundation support 1). The lower end of the vertical screw 102 passes through the holes and is connected to the tie rod head 103. The tie rod head 103 is located on the support system, and the vertical screw 102 is fixed on the support system through the tie rod head 103. The tie rod head 103 preferably uses a mountain-shaped buckle and nut, which are used in conjunction with the supporting main beam 2 to achieve the snap-fit ​​installation.

[0031] Example 2 refer to Figure 1 As shown, a construction method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips further includes the following steps: S1, erecting a support system and laying composite slab formwork 4 on the support system.

[0032] In S1, the support system includes a foundation support 1, main support beams 2, and secondary support beams 3. First, the foundation support 1 is erected using a disc-lock scaffold, with a vertical pole spacing of 900mm, a step distance of 1.5m, and the spacing between the top horizontal bars not exceeding 1m. Then, several transverse main support beams 2 are arranged on the foundation support 1. Double steel pipes are laid on the adjustable top supports of the scaffold, using ordinary steel pipes, ensuring that each adjustable top support has two steel pipes. Next, several secondary support beams 3 are arranged on the main support beams 2, with 40×40×2.5mm rectangular tubes laid on the main beams as secondary beams, with a spacing of no more than 250mm between the tubes. Finally, composite slab formwork 4 is laid on the secondary support beams 3. The formwork thickness is no less than 13mm, and the formwork should be intact and undamaged to prevent grout leakage after concrete pouring.

[0033] S2. Attach sealing strip 5 to the lower edge of the composite slab 6. According to the detailed drawings of the composite slab and the on-site layout, attach the sealing strip 5-10mm away from the edge of the composite slab, and continue attaching it along the entire length of the composite slab joint. The attachment should be straight and not twisted. The width of the sealing strip 5 should be no less than 20mm using sponge adhesive strip.

[0034] S3. Hoist the composite slab 6 onto the composite slab formwork 4. After the composite slab is hoisted, the slab strip reinforcement 8 should be arranged in the cast-in-place slab strip area according to the design drawings. The reinforcement should be in the same direction as the bottom longitudinal reinforcement of the composite slab.

[0035] S4. A tie member 10 with a tensioning effect is arranged between the upper part of the composite plate 6 and the support system. Based on the support system, the tie member 10 applies downward pressure to the composite plate 6, so that the sealing strip 5 between the composite plate template 4 and the composite plate 6 is tightly pressed to achieve gap sealing.

[0036] In S4, the tie rod 10 includes a horizontal support 101, a vertical screw 102, and a tie rod head 103. The upper end of the vertical screw 102 is welded to the horizontal support 101. The screw and the support are welded into a T-shaped piece and placed on the two side composite plates, or the screw and the support are welded into an L-shaped piece and placed on a single side composite plate.

[0037] Holes are drilled in the composite slab template 4, with a diameter of 14mm and a spacing of 900mm (the same as the spacing of the foundation support 1). The ends of the horizontal reinforcing bars 101 rest on the upper part of the composite slab 6, i.e., the ends of the horizontal reinforcing bars 101 act on the composite slab 6, with a resting length of not less than 10mm. The lower ends of the vertical threaded rods 102 pass through the holes in the composite slab template 4 and are secured to the foundation support 1 through tie rod heads 103. The tie rod heads 103 are preferably U-shaped buckles and nuts, which work together with the supporting main beam 2 to achieve the securing installation.

[0038] Subsequently, the vertical screw rod 102 is tightened by tightening the tie rod head 103. The vertical screw rod 102 applies downward pressure to the composite slab 6 through the horizontal support rib 101. This ensures that the compressed sponge strip is tightly sealed to both sides of the template and the composite slab, preventing leakage of grout from the subsequent cast-in-place concrete and preventing water seepage channels formed by the incomplete filling of the concrete strip after chiseling.

[0039] Subsequently, the support system of the strip section was tightened a second time to ensure that the support system at this position was properly tightened and lifted after the tie rod was tightened. This was to avoid the sponge seal being compressed after tightening the tie rod, resulting in incomplete grout leakage and pitted surface leakage after demolding.

[0040] Subsequently, the cast-in-place steel reinforcement 11 of the floor slab is tied. Before the floor slab concrete is poured, the slab strip area is rinsed again with a high-pressure water gun to remove the surface laitance, concrete debris, formwork wood chips, etc. left during the installation process. At the same time, the surface of the cast-in-place slab strip area concrete and formwork should be kept moist but without water accumulation.

[0041] S5. Pour the cast-in-place slab strip 7 and the cast-in-place layer 12. When pouring concrete, the cast-in-place slab strip area should be vibrated intensively. Vibration should be thorough and without any omissions or over-vibration. The surface should be covered with slurry and no obvious air bubbles should be removed.

[0042] S6. Remove the formwork 4 of the composite slab and cut off the exposed portion of the tie rod 10. After pouring concrete, wait until the cast-in-place slab strip meets the demolding conditions, then remove the formwork and cut off the exposed tie rods. After cutting, apply anti-rust paint to cover the cut tie rod sections to ensure that they are isolated from the atmosphere and prevent rusting.

[0043] The foregoing basic examples and their further alternative examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed in this application. In the scheme of this application, each alternative example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic example and alternative example.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips, comprising a support system, characterized in that: The support system is provided with a composite plate template (4), and a composite plate (6) is provided on the composite plate template (4). A cast-in-place slab strip (7) is formed between two adjacent composite plates (6). A cast-in-place layer (12) is formed on the upper layer of the composite plate (6). A sealing strip (5) is provided between the lower edge of the composite plate (6) and the composite plate template (4). The upper part of the composite plate (6) is engaged with the upper end of the tie rod (10). The lower end of the tie rod (10) passes through the composite plate template (4) and is connected to the support system.

2. The construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support system includes a base support (1), a main support beam (2) and a secondary support beam (3). The top of the base support (1) is provided with several horizontally arranged main support beams (2), and the top of the main support beams (2) is provided with several longitudinally arranged secondary support beams (3). The secondary support beams (3) are provided with composite plate templates (4).

3. The construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing strip (5) is a sponge strip.

4. The construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cast-in-place slab strip (7) is provided with slab strip reinforcement (8), and the end reinforcement (9) extending from the end of the composite slab (6) is hook-shaped and tied to the slab strip reinforcement (8). The end reinforcement (9) of two adjacent composite slabs (6) are arranged crosswise.

5. The construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the tie rod (10) are respectively engaged with the two adjacent laminated plates (6).

6. The construction structure for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The tie rod (10) includes a horizontal support (101), a vertical screw (102), and a tie head (103). The horizontal support (101) is engaged with the composite plate (6). The horizontal support (101) is connected to the upper end of the vertical screw (102), and the lower end of the vertical screw (102) is connected to the tie head (103). The tie head (103) is located on the support system.

7. A construction method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips, characterized in that: Before the cast-in-place slab strip (7) and cast-in-place layer (12) are poured, a sealing strip (5) is set between the lower edge of the composite slab (6) and the composite slab template (4). Then, a tie rod (10) with a tensioning effect is arranged between the upper part of the composite slab (6) and the support system. Based on the support system, the tie rod (10) applies downward pressure to the composite slab (6), so that the sealing strip (5) between the composite slab template (4) and the composite slab (6) is tightly pressed to achieve gap sealing. Then, the cast-in-place slab strip (7) and cast-in-place layer (12) are poured.

8. The construction method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: S1, erecting a support system and laying composite slab templates on the support system (4). S2. A sealing strip (5) is pasted on the lower edge of the composite plate (6); S3. Hoist the composite slab (6) onto the composite slab template (4); S4. A tie rod (10) with a pulling force is arranged between the upper part of the composite plate (6) and the support system. Based on the support system, the tie rod (10) applies downward pressure to the composite plate (6), so that the sealing strip (5) between the composite plate template (4) and the composite plate (6) is tightly pressed to achieve gap sealing. S5, pour the cast-in-place slab strip (7) and the cast-in-place layer (12); S6. Remove the composite slab template (4) and cut off the exposed part of the tie rod (10).

9. The construction method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S1, the support system includes a foundation support (1), a main support beam (2) and a secondary support beam (3). First, the foundation support (1) is erected, then several transverse main support beams (2) are arranged on the foundation support (1), then several secondary support beams (3) are arranged on the main support beams (2), and then composite slab templates (4) are laid on the secondary support beams (3).

10. The construction method for improving the impermeability of cast-in-place composite slab strips according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S4, the tie rod (10) includes a horizontal support (101), a vertical screw (102), and a tie head (103). The upper end of the vertical screw (102) is connected to the horizontal support (101) and has a hole in the composite plate template (4). The end of the horizontal support (101) rests on the upper part of the composite plate (6). The lower end of the vertical screw (102) passes through the hole in the composite plate template (4) and is clamped on the base support (1) through the tie head (103). Then, the vertical screw (102) is tightened by the tie head (103). The vertical screw (102) applies downward pressure to the composite plate (6) through the horizontal support (101).

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