Gearbox for integrated test bench of gear shifting synchronization

Abstract

The application discloses a gear box for integrated variable speed gear shifting synchronization and multifunctional test bed, belonging to the field of rail transit technology, comprising an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronization shaft group, a left synchronization shaft group, a box body, a sealing structure, a lubricating system and a state monitoring module; the input shaft group comprises an input shaft and bearing one, and two groups of fixed gears with different teeth numbers are arranged on the input shaft; the output shaft group comprises bearing two, bearing three and gear one. The core of the gear box is integrated with the input shaft group, the output shaft group, the right synchronization shaft group, the left synchronization shaft group, the matched box body, the sealing structure, the lubricating system and the state monitoring module, three core functions of variable speed, gear shifting and synchronization are integrated, and no additional auxiliary equipment such as independent gear box and synchronization box is needed, so that the equipment layout of the test bed is greatly simplified, the occupied space is reduced, the installation and debugging difficulty caused by the connection of multiple devices is reduced, and the space utilization and overall compactness of the test bed are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a gearbox for a multi-functional test bench that integrates speed change and synchronization. Background Technology

[0002] As the core power transmission component of rail transit vehicles, the transmission system's operational safety and stability directly determine the overall operational quality of rail transit equipment. The test bench gearbox is a key core device for transmission system research and development iteration, performance testing, and reliability verification, and it needs to be precisely matched to the complex testing requirements under multi-axis working conditions.

[0003] With the rapid development of rail transit equipment towards higher speeds and lighter weights, the industry has placed more stringent demands on the testing efficiency, adaptability, and data accuracy of test benches. However, existing test bench gearboxes have significant shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of efficient R&D for rail transit equipment. On the one hand, traditional gearboxes mostly adopt a fixed number of shafts design, with a single structural function, and cannot simultaneously accommodate high-speed and high-torque tests. This leads to frequent replacement of gearboxes of different specifications during testing, which not only increases the procurement cost of test equipment but also prolongs the test cycle and reduces testing efficiency. On the other hand, the functional integration of existing gearboxes is low. Most products only have a single speed change or transmission function. If multi-axis synchronous testing is required, a dedicated synchronous gearbox must be added. This makes the equipment layout of the test bench complex and cumbersome, occupies a large space, and the signal loss and error accumulation at the connection points of multiple devices will also affect the accuracy of test data, further restricting the reliability of transmission system R&D and testing. Therefore, there is a need to provide a multi-functional test bench gearbox that integrates speed change, shifting, and synchronization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gearbox for a multi-functional test bench that integrates speed change, shifting and synchronization. It integrates the three core functions of speed change, shifting and synchronization, eliminating the need for additional auxiliary equipment such as independent gearboxes and synchronization boxes. This greatly simplifies the equipment layout of the test bench, reduces the space occupied, and reduces the installation and debugging difficulty caused by connecting multiple devices, thereby improving the space utilization and overall compactness of the test bench.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the following technical solutions are provided: Design a gearbox for a multi-functional test bench integrating speed change, shifting, and synchronization, including an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronous shaft group, a left synchronous shaft group, a housing, a sealing structure, a lubrication system, and a status monitoring module; the input shaft group includes an input shaft and bearing one, with two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth on the input shaft; the output shaft group includes bearing two, bearing three, gear body one, an outer spline sleeve, an inner spline sleeve, gear body two, optional bevel gear one or bevel gear five, and an output shaft, gear body one and gear body two are supported on the output shaft by bearing three, and their tooth system is consistent with the outer spline sleeve, the outer spline sleeve is installed on the output shaft and located between gear body one and gear body two, the inner spline sleeve is sleeved on the outer spline sleeve, and a shift fork mechanism is also configured to drive the inner spline sleeve to move axially; the right synchronous shaft group includes a right synchronous shaft, bearing four, bevel gear two, and a synchronous coupling, with bevel gear two installed on the right synchronous shaft; the left synchronous shaft group includes a left The system comprises a synchronous shaft, bearing five, bevel gear three, and a synchronous coupling. Bevel gear three is mounted on the left synchronous shaft. Bevel gear one or four is selectively mounted on the output shaft and can mesh with bevel gear two and bevel gear three, respectively. The left synchronous shaft can be connected to the right synchronous shaft of another gearbox via the synchronous coupling. The core of the gearbox consists of an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronous shaft group, a left synchronous shaft group, and matching housing, sealing structure, lubrication system, and status monitoring module. It integrates speed change, shifting, and synchronization functions. Power is input through the input shaft, which has two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth on its surface. These gears mesh with gear body one and gear body two, which are supported by bearing three on the output shaft, respectively. An outer spline sleeve is mounted on the output shaft between the two gears, and an inner spline sleeve is fitted outside the outer spline sleeve. The inner spline sleeve is driven to slide axially by a shift fork mechanism and can selectively engage with gear body one or gear body two to achieve two speed ratio switching and complete the speed change action. Either bevel gear one or bevel gear four is selectively installed on the output shaft. By meshing with bevel gear two on the right synchronous shaft and bevel gear three on the left synchronous shaft, the synchronous shafts on both sides are driven to rotate respectively. When conducting four-axle vehicle or three-axle bogie tests, the left synchronous shaft of the two gearboxes can be connected to the right synchronous shaft of the other gearbox through a synchronous coupling. The selective installation of bevel gears ensures that the synchronous shafts rotate in unison, realizing multi-axis synchronous transmission. It integrates the three core functions of speed change, shifting, and synchronization, without the need for additional independent gearboxes, synchronous boxes, and other auxiliary equipment. This greatly simplifies the equipment layout of the test bench, reduces the space occupied, and reduces the installation and debugging difficulty caused by connecting multiple devices, thereby improving the space utilization and overall compactness of the test bench.

[0006] Furthermore, the enclosure is based on a steel structure, with internal reinforcing ribs, and bolt holes are provided on the enclosure for installation with the foundation.

[0007] Furthermore, the sealing structure employs a mechanical seal.

[0008] Furthermore, all the bearings are a combination of cylindrical roller bearings and four-point angular contact ball bearings.

[0009] Furthermore, the shift fork mechanism includes a shift handle, a shift fork, a shift fork shaft, a rotary bearing, and a drive slider. Rotating the shift handle drives the shift fork shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the slider through the shift fork. The slider drives the inner spline sleeve to move axially. The shift fork mechanism consists of a shift handle, a shift fork, a shift fork shaft, a rotary bearing, and a drive slider. All components work together. Rotating the shift handle can directly drive the shift fork shaft to rotate, and the shift fork transmits power to the drive slider, ultimately driving the inner spline sleeve to move precisely axially. This achieves rapid engagement and disengagement with gear body one or gear body two, resulting in rapid switching response. It effectively avoids problems such as shift jamming and misalignment, ensuring the reliability of the gear shifting action and meeting the rapid switching requirements of the test bench for different speed and torque conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipes, and a filtration and cooling device. Lubricating oil is delivered to the gear set, bearings, shift fork mechanism, and synchronization components via the lubrication pipes. The gearbox housing is equipped with a return oil channel for lubricating oil to circulate, ensuring comprehensive and efficient lubrication and cooling, and guaranteeing stable operation of the components. Through the coordinated action of the oil pump, lubrication pipes, and filtration and cooling device, the lubrication system can precisely deliver lubricating oil to all key moving parts such as the gear set, bearings, shift fork mechanism, and synchronization components, achieving all-around lubrication coverage and effectively reducing frictional losses between components. Simultaneously, the filtration and cooling device purifies and cools the lubricating oil, preventing impurities from affecting the lubrication effect and preventing high temperatures from causing lubricating oil performance degradation, significantly extending the service life of core components such as gears and bearings, and meeting the stringent requirements of high-speed gearbox operation.

[0011] Furthermore, the condition monitoring module includes temperature and vibration sensors for real-time acquisition of bearing temperature, oil temperature, and gearbox vibration amplitude, which are then transmitted to the test bench control system. Addressing the technical challenges of bearing life, space constraints, and synchronization accuracy issues arising from the integrated multi-device functions and high-speed operation of this gearbox, a targeted optimization design is employed: the gearbox uses a steel structure as its base, with internal reinforcing ribs to enhance structural rigidity, and pre-drilled bolt holes for foundation installation to ensure equipment installation stability; the sealing structure uses a mechanical seal, which extends seal life and effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage, ensuring clean gearbox operation; all bearings are cylindrical roller bearings. The combination with four-point angular contact ball bearings is suitable for high-speed operating conditions. The synchronization mechanism, through the selective installation of bevel gears, ensures that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling rotate in the same direction while the output shaft rotation remains unchanged, thus improving synchronization accuracy. The lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipelines, and a filter and cooling device. Lubricating oil is delivered to key components such as gear sets, bearings, and shift fork mechanisms through pipelines to achieve lubrication and cooling, and is recycled through the return oil channel. At the same time, a status monitoring module composed of temperature sensors and vibration sensors is integrated to collect data such as bearing temperature, oil temperature, and housing vibration amplitude in real time and transmit them to the control system for timely troubleshooting of abnormalities.

[0012] Furthermore, by selecting to install either bevel gear one or bevel gear, the output direction of the right synchronous shaft and the left synchronous shaft can be adjusted to ensure that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling rotate in the same direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the small gear on the input shaft meshes with gear body one, and the large gear meshes with gear body two. Through the internal spline sleeve, it engages with gear body one or gear body two respectively, realizing two-stage speed change of the output shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, it is applicable to the rail transit field and can meet the testing requirements of four-axle vehicles or three-axle bogies.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This integrated gearbox for a multi-functional test bench, combining speed change, shifting, and synchronization, consists of an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronization shaft group, a left synchronization shaft group, and supporting housing, sealing structure, lubrication system, and condition monitoring module. It integrates speed change, shifting, and synchronization functions. Power is input through the input shaft, which has two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth on its surface. These gears mesh with gear body one and gear body two, supported by bearings on the output shaft. An outer spline sleeve is installed on the output shaft between the two gears, and an inner spline sleeve is fitted outside the outer spline sleeve. Driven axially by a shift fork mechanism, the inner spline sleeve can selectively engage with gear body one or gear body two, enabling two speed ratio switching and completing the speed change action. Either bevel gear one or bevel gear four is selectively installed on the output shaft. By meshing with bevel gear two on the right synchronous shaft and bevel gear three on the left synchronous shaft, the synchronous shafts on both sides are driven to rotate respectively. When conducting four-axle vehicle or three-axle bogie tests, the left synchronous shaft of the two gearboxes can be connected to the right synchronous shaft of the other gearbox through a synchronous coupling. The selective installation of bevel gears ensures that the synchronous shafts rotate in unison, realizing multi-axis synchronous transmission. It integrates the three core functions of speed change, shifting, and synchronization, without the need for additional independent gearboxes, synchronous boxes, and other auxiliary equipment. This greatly simplifies the equipment layout of the test bench, reduces the space occupied, and reduces the installation and debugging difficulty caused by connecting multiple devices, thereby improving the space utilization and overall compactness of the test bench.

[0016] 2. This integrated gearbox for a multi-functional test bench, combining speed change and synchronization, addresses the technical challenges of bearing life, space limitations, and synchronization accuracy arising from the integration of multiple equipment functions and high-speed operation. It employs a targeted optimized design: the gearbox body uses a steel structure as its base, with internal reinforcing ribs to enhance structural rigidity, and pre-drilled bolt holes for foundation installation to ensure equipment stability; the sealing structure uses a mechanical seal, extending seal life and effectively preventing lubricant leakage, ensuring clean gearbox operation; all bearings utilize a combination of cylindrical roller bearings and four-point angular contact ball bearings, suitable for… To meet the demands of high-speed operation, the synchronization mechanism, through the selective installation of bevel gears, ensures that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling rotate in the same direction while maintaining the same output shaft rotation, thereby improving synchronization accuracy. The lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipelines, and a filter and cooling device. Lubricating oil is delivered to key components such as gear sets, bearings, and shift fork mechanisms via pipelines to achieve lubrication and cooling, and is recycled through the return oil channel. At the same time, a status monitoring module composed of temperature and vibration sensors is integrated to collect data such as bearing temperature, oil temperature, and housing vibration amplitude in real time and transmit them to the control system for timely troubleshooting of abnormalities. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Input shaft; 2. Bearing 1; 3. Bearing 2; 4. Bearing 3; 5. Gear body 1; 6. External spline sleeve; 7. Internal spline sleeve; 8. Gear body 2; 9. Bevel gear 1; 10. Right synchronous shaft; 11. Bearing 4; 12. Bevel gear 2; 13. Output shaft; 14. Bevel gear 3; 15. Left synchronous shaft; 16. Bearing 5; 17. Synchronous coupling; 18. Shift fork mechanism; 19. Bevel gear 4. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a gearbox for a multi-functional test bench that integrates speed shifting and synchronization, including an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronous shaft group, a left synchronous shaft group, a housing, a sealing structure, a lubrication system, and a status monitoring module; the input shaft group includes an input shaft 1 and a bearing 2, with two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth on the input shaft 1; the output shaft group includes a bearing 3, a bearing 4, a gear body 5, an external spline sleeve 6, an internal spline sleeve 7, a gear body 8, an optional bevel gear 9 or a bevel gear 19, and an output shaft 13, with the gear body 5 and gear body 8 supported on the output shaft 13 by the bearing 4, and their tooth systems being the same as the external spline. The outer spline sleeve 6 is mounted on the output shaft 13 and located between gear body 1 5 and gear body 2 8. The inner spline sleeve 7 is fitted onto the outer spline sleeve 6. A shift fork mechanism 18 is also provided to drive the inner spline sleeve 7 to move axially. The right synchronous shaft group includes a right synchronous shaft 10, bearing 4 11, bevel gear 2 12 and synchronous coupling 17. Bevel gear 2 12 is mounted on the right synchronous shaft 10. The left synchronous shaft group includes a left synchronous shaft 15, bearing 5 16, bevel gear 3 14 and synchronous coupling 17. Bevel gear 3 14 is mounted on the left synchronous shaft 15. Bevel gear 1 9 or bevel gear 4 19 is selectively mounted on the output shaft 13 and can be coupled to bevel gears respectively. 12. Bevel gear 14 meshes with the gear. The left synchronous shaft 15 can be connected to the right synchronous shaft 10 of another gearbox via synchronous coupling 17. The core of this gearbox consists of an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronous shaft group, a left synchronous shaft group, and matching housing, sealing structure, lubrication system, and status monitoring module. It integrates speed change, shifting, and synchronization functions. Power is input through the input shaft 1, which has two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth on its surface. These gears mesh with gear body 5 and gear body 8, which are supported by bearing 34 on the output shaft 13, respectively. The outer spline sleeve 6 is installed on the output shaft 13 between the two gears, and the inner spline sleeve 7 is fitted on the outside of the outer spline sleeve 6. With the help of the shift fork mechanism 18, the inner spline sleeve 7 is driven to slide axially, and can selectively engage with the gear body 1 5 or the gear body 2 8 to realize the switching of two sets of speed ratios and complete the gear shifting action. The output shaft 13 is selectively equipped with bevel gear 1 9 or bevel gear 4 19, which meshes with bevel gear 2 12 on the right synchronous shaft 10 and bevel gear 3 14 on the left synchronous shaft 15 to drive the synchronous shafts on both sides to rotate respectively. When conducting four-axle vehicle or three-axle bogie tests, the left synchronous shaft 15 of the two gearboxes can be connected to the right synchronous shaft 10 of the other gearbox through the synchronous coupling 17. The selective installation of bevel gears ensures that the synchronous shafts rotate in unison, realizing multi-axis synchronous transmission.

[0021] The enclosure is based on a steel structure with internal reinforcing ribs. Bolt holes for installation on the foundation are provided on the enclosure. The sealing structure uses a mechanical seal, and the bearings are a combination of cylindrical roller bearings and four-point angular contact ball bearings.

[0022] The shift fork mechanism 18 includes a shift handle, a shift fork, a shift fork shaft, a rotary bearing, and a drive slider. The rotation of the shift handle drives the shift fork shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the slider through the shift fork. The slider drives the inner spline sleeve 7 to move axially.

[0023] The lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipes, and a filter and cooling device. The lubricating oil is transported to the gear set, bearings, shift fork mechanism 18 and synchronization components through the lubrication pipes, and the gearbox housing is provided with an oil return channel for the lubricating oil to flow back and form a circulation.

[0024] The condition monitoring module includes temperature and vibration sensors to collect bearing temperature, oil temperature, and gearbox vibration amplitude in real time and transmit the data to the test bench control system. Addressing the technical challenges of bearing life, space constraints, and synchronization accuracy caused by the integrated multi-device functions and high-speed operation of this gearbox, a targeted optimization design is adopted: the gearbox uses a steel structure as its base, with internal reinforcing ribs to enhance structural rigidity, and pre-drilled bolt holes for foundation installation to ensure equipment installation stability; the sealing structure uses a mechanical seal, which extends the seal's service life and effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage, ensuring clean operation of the gearbox; all bearings use a combination of cylindrical roller bearings and four-point angular contact ball bearings to meet the requirements of high-speed operation; the synchronization mechanism, through selective installation of bevel gears, ensures that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling 17 rotate in the same direction without changing the output shaft rotation, improving synchronization accuracy; the lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipes, and a filter cooling device. Lubricating oil is transported through pipelines to key components such as the gear set, bearings, and shift fork mechanism 18 for lubrication and cooling, and is recycled through the return oil channel.

[0025] By selecting to install either bevel gear 19 or bevel gear 419, the output direction of the right synchronous shaft 10 and the left synchronous shaft 15 can be adjusted, ensuring that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling 17 rotate in the same direction. The small gear on the input shaft 1 meshes with gear body 15, and the large gear meshes with gear body 28. Through the internal spline sleeve 7, it engages with gear body 15 or gear body 28 respectively, realizing two-stage speed change of the output shaft 13. It is suitable for the rail transit field and can meet the testing requirements of four-axle vehicles or three-axle bogies.

[0026] This embodiment presents a multi-functional test bench gearbox integrating speed change, shifting, and synchronization. The core of the gearbox consists of an input shaft assembly, an output shaft assembly, a right synchronization shaft assembly, a left synchronization shaft assembly, and supporting housing, sealing structure, lubrication system, and condition monitoring module. It integrates speed change, shifting, and synchronization functions. Power is input through the input shaft 1, whose surface has two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth, meshing with gear bodies 5 and 8 supported by bearing 4 on the output shaft 13. An external spline sleeve 6 is installed between the two gears on the output shaft 13. The inner spline sleeve 7 is fitted outside the outer spline sleeve 6. Driven axially by the shift fork mechanism 18, the inner spline sleeve 7 can selectively engage with either gear body 5 or gear body 8 to achieve two speed ratio switching and complete the gear shifting action. The output shaft 13 is selectively equipped with either bevel gear 9 or bevel gear 4 19, which meshes with bevel gear 2 12 on the right synchronous shaft 10 and bevel gear 3 14 on the left synchronous shaft 15, respectively driving the synchronous shafts on both sides. When conducting four-axle vehicle or three-axle bogie tests, the two gearboxes can be connected via the synchronous coupling 17. The left synchronous shaft 15 is connected to the right synchronous shaft 10 of another unit. The selective installation of bevel gears ensures that the synchronous shafts rotate in unison, achieving multi-axis synchronous transmission. Addressing the technical challenges of bearing life, space constraints, and synchronization accuracy brought about by the integrated multi-device functions and high-speed operation of this gearbox, a targeted optimization design is adopted: the gearbox body uses a steel structure as its base, with internal reinforcing ribs to enhance structural rigidity, and pre-drilled bolt holes for foundation installation to ensure equipment installation stability; the sealing structure uses a mechanical seal, which extends the seal's service life and effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage, ensuring clean operation of the gearbox; all bearings use a combination of cylindrical roller bearings and four-point angular contact ball bearings to meet the requirements of high-speed operation; the synchronization mechanism, through the selective installation of bevel gears, ensures that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling 17 rotate in the same direction without changing the output shaft's rotation, improving synchronization accuracy; the lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipes, and a filter and cooling device. Lubricating oil is transported through pipelines to key components such as the gear set, bearings, and shift fork mechanism 18 for lubrication and cooling, and is recycled through the return oil channel.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox for a multi-functional test bench integrating speed change, shifting, and synchronization, characterized in that, It includes an input shaft group, an output shaft group, a right synchronous shaft group, a left synchronous shaft group, a housing, a sealing structure, a lubrication system, and a status monitoring module; the input shaft group includes an input shaft (1) and a bearing (2), with two sets of fixed gears with different numbers of teeth on the input shaft (1); the output shaft group includes a bearing (3), a bearing (4), a gear body (5), an outer spline sleeve (6), an inner spline sleeve (7), a gear body (8), an optional bevel gear (9) or a bevel gear (19), and an output shaft (13). The gear body (5) and the gear body (8) are supported on the output shaft (13) by the bearing (4), and their tooth system is consistent with that of the outer spline sleeve (6). The outer spline sleeve (6) is installed on the output shaft (13) and located between the gear body (5) and the gear body (8). The inner spline sleeve (6) is installed on the output shaft (13) and located between the gear body (5) and the gear body (8). 7) It is fitted on the outer spline sleeve (6) and is also equipped with a shift fork mechanism (18) for driving the inner spline sleeve (7) to move axially; the right synchronous shaft group includes a right synchronous shaft (10), bearing four (11), bevel gear two (12) and synchronous coupling (17), bevel gear two (12) is installed on the right synchronous shaft (10); the left synchronous shaft group includes a left synchronous shaft (15), bearing five (16), bevel gear three (14) and synchronous coupling (17), bevel gear three (14) is installed on the left synchronous shaft (15); bevel gear one (9) or bevel gear four (19) is selectively installed on the output shaft (13) and can mesh with bevel gear two (12) and bevel gear three (14) respectively, and the left synchronous shaft (15) can be connected to the right synchronous shaft (10) of another gearbox through the synchronous coupling (17).

2. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure is based on a steel structure with internal reinforcing ribs, and bolt holes are provided on the enclosure for installation with the foundation.

3. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing structure employs a mechanical seal.

4. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, All bearings are a combination of cylindrical roller bearings and four-point angular contact ball bearings.

5. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shift fork mechanism (18) includes a shift handle, a shift fork, a shift fork shaft, a rotary bearing, and a drive slider. The shift handle rotates to drive the shift fork shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the slider through the shift fork. The slider drives the inner spline sleeve (7) to move axially.

6. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lubrication system consists of an oil pump, lubrication pipes and a filter cooling device. The lubricating oil is transported through the lubrication pipes to the gear set, bearings, shift fork mechanism (18) and synchronization components. The gearbox housing is provided with an oil return channel for the lubricating oil to flow back and form a circulation.

7. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The condition monitoring module includes a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor, which are used to collect bearing temperature, oil temperature and housing vibration amplitude in real time and transmit them to the test bench control system.

8. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, By selecting to install either bevel gear one (9) or bevel gear four (19), the output direction of the right synchronous shaft (10) and the left synchronous shaft (15) can be adjusted to ensure that the synchronous shafts at both ends of the synchronous coupling (17) rotate in the same direction.

9. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The small gear on the input shaft (1) meshes with the gear body one (5), and the large gear meshes with the gear body two (8). The inner spline sleeve (7) is connected to the gear body one (5) or the gear body two (8) respectively to realize the two-stage speed change of the output shaft (13).

10. The gearbox for a multi-functional test bench with integrated speed change and synchronous shifting as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It is suitable for the rail transit field and can meet the testing requirements of four-axle vehicles or three-axle bogies.

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