A drilling sampling device for geotechnical investigation

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling sampling device for geotechnical investigation, which comprises a sampling device, a drilling assembly, a driving assembly and a supporting bottom plate, wherein the driving assembly is arranged on the supporting bottom plate, the drilling assembly is arranged on the driving assembly, and the sampling device is arranged in the drilling assembly. The application belongs to the technical field of geological investigation, and the driving assembly drives the drilling assembly to drill the geological soil, and the sampling device is used for sampling. The sampling cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the drilling rod by the lifting frame. In the drilling process of the drilling rod, the sampling cylinder collects the soil sample. After the collection is completed, the winding motor of the driving assembly drives the winding cylinder to rotate, the sampling rope of the sampling device is wound, the limiting rod of the lifting frame is pulled on the sampling rope, the limiting rod is separated from the positioning ring groove in the drilling rod, and then the sampling cylinder is taken to the ground. Secondary sample sampling is achieved, and the sampling cylinder only needs to be put back into the drilling assembly for secondary drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological exploration technology, specifically referring to a drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Geological exploration factors include geological structure or geological formation: landforms, hydrogeological conditions, physical and mechanical properties of soil and rocks, natural geological phenomena and natural building materials, etc. These are usually referred to as engineering geological conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to sample the surface soil during geological surveys and mineral exploration.

[0003] During soil sampling, existing drilling equipment requires pulling the bottom sampling drill rod out of the well and then taking out the soil sample from the bottom of the drill rod. This repeated drilling and rod lifting severely affects the efficiency of geological exploration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling and sampling device for geotechnical exploration, which effectively solves the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention proposes a drilling and sampling device for geotechnical exploration, including a sampling device, a drilling assembly, a driving assembly, and a supporting base plate. The driving assembly is disposed on the supporting base plate, the drilling assembly is disposed on the driving assembly, and the sampling device is disposed inside the drilling assembly. The sampling device includes a sampling cylinder and a lifting frame, the lifting frame is disposed inside the sampling cylinder, the drilling assembly includes a drilling rod and an extension rod, the extension rod is connected to the top of the drilling rod, and the sampling cylinder is disposed inside the drilling rod.

[0006] Furthermore, the sampling cylinder is provided with a lifting frame groove, a counterweight block and a sampling groove. The counterweight block is located between the lifting frame groove and the sampling groove. The bottom of the sampling groove is provided with a sample breaking claw. The lifting frame is located in the lifting frame groove. The center of the lifting frame groove is provided with a limiting rod rotating shaft. The two sides of the lifting frame groove are symmetrically provided with limiting boss sliding grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the weight of the counterweight can be used to move the sampling tube to the bottom of the drill rod, so that the sample break claw can be accurately engaged in the claw groove. When the sampling tube has finished collecting soil samples and needs to be lifted to the ground, the bottom sample break claw is squeezed by the inner wall of the lifting channel and rotates towards the inside of the sampling groove. This can both break the collected soil sample and support the bottom of the sample, effectively preventing the sample from falling.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting frame includes a limiting rod and a limiting rod spring. One end of the limiting rod is provided with a limiting boss, and the other end of the limiting rod is provided with an elastic stop. The limiting boss is located in the limiting boss groove. The limiting rod is also provided with a rotating hole and a connecting hole. The connecting hole is located on one side of the limiting boss, and the rotating hole is provided on the rotating shaft of the limiting rod. The limiting rods are arranged crosswise on the rotating shaft of the limiting rods, and the limiting rod spring is connected between the elastic stops of the two limiting rods.

[0009] Preferably, during the drilling process, the soil will push the sampling tube upward and drive the lifting frame to move upward synchronously. The limiting boss of the limiting rod will move downward under the pressure of the positioning ring groove wall, causing the limiting rod to rotate. Because the elastic block at the bottom of the limiting rod is blocked by the side wall of the lifting frame groove, the limiting boss will be stuck in the positioning ring groove, thus fixing the sampling tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting frame also includes a lifting rod, a rope rod, and a sample lifting rope. The bottom of the lifting rod is located in the connecting hole of the limiting rod, the tops of the two lifting rods are connected by the rope rod, and the bottom of the sample lifting rope is located on the rope rod.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling rope adopts a segmented connection design. When the drill rod is not long enough to overlap the extension rod, the sampling rope can easily pass through the lifting channel of the extension rod. When it is necessary to extract soil samples from the sampling tube, the sampling rope is pulled upward, the rope rod drives the lifting rod to move upward, and then pulls the limiting rod to rotate, so that the limiting boss retracts into the limiting boss groove, and the sampling tube is released from the obstruction of the positioning ring groove, realizing flexible soil sampling during geological exploration.

[0012] Furthermore, the drill rod has a drill bit at the bottom, auger blades on the outer wall of the drill rod, a threaded shaft at the top of the drill rod, a rotary drive column at the top of the threaded shaft, a lifting channel at the center of the drill rod, and the sampling cylinder slides within the lifting channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom circular array of the drill bit is provided with claw grooves, the sample breaker is engaged in the claw grooves, the lifting channel is provided with a positioning ring groove and a guide groove, the limiting boss is located in the positioning ring groove, the guide groove is connected to one of the claw grooves at the bottom of the drill bit, and the sample breaker slides in the guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, when the sampling tube moves inside the drill rod, the broken sample claw slides against the guide groove, which plays a positioning and guiding role, preventing the sampling tube from deflecting and causing the broken sample claw to fail to engage in the claw groove, thus avoiding the problem of the broken sample claw breaking off when the drill bit is drilling.

[0015] Furthermore, the extension rod is provided with a threaded shaft II at the top and a threaded sleeve at the bottom. The threaded sleeve is connected to the threaded shaft I by a thread. The threaded shaft II is provided with a rotary drive column II at the top. The extension rod is provided with a lifting channel II at the center. The lifting channel II is connected to the lifting channel I. The lifting channel II is provided with a groove that is connected to the guide groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a hydraulic device, a drive turntable, and a turntable motor. The hydraulic device has a hydraulic base, a hydraulic plate, and a hydraulic column. The hydraulic column is connected between the hydraulic base and the hydraulic plate. The drive turntable rotates at the center of the hydraulic plate. A motor base is provided on the rear side of the hydraulic plate. The turntable motor is located on the motor base. A drive groove is provided at the center of the drive turntable. The drive groove is fastened to either a first rotating drive column or a second rotating drive column. A motor drive wheel is provided on the turntable motor. The motor drive wheel is connected to the drive turntable via a transmission chain.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive assembly also includes a winding frame and a guide rod. The winding frame is located on top of the hydraulic plate and has a winding drum. The winding drum is equipped with a winding motor. The top end of the lifting rope is located on the winding drum. The guide rod is fixed to the hydraulic plate and slides on the channel of the hydraulic seat.

[0018] Preferably, the excess portion of the sampling rope is wound around the winding drum, and the winding motor and the winding drum are connected by magnetic engagement. When the winding motor is working, the connection is energized to generate magnetic force to engage the two, and the winding motor drives the winding drum to rotate and wind up the sampling rope. When the winding motor is not working, the winding drum can rotate freely, and the sampling rope is automatically fed as the drill rod advances, which greatly improves the efficiency of exploration and sampling.

[0019] Furthermore, the hydraulic base is provided with a drill rod positioning hole, the drilling assembly is located in the drill rod positioning hole, the front end of the support base plate is provided with a working groove, the working groove is coaxial with the drill rod positioning hole, and the support base plate is also provided with working accessories. The drill rod positioning hole serves a positioning function to prevent the drill rod from shifting during the drilling process.

[0020] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: 1. The sample breaking claw has the dual function of breaking the sample and lifting the sample. With the weight of the counterweight, the sampling tube can be automatically returned to its original position, effectively preventing the soil sample from falling during the lifting process and ensuring the integrity of the sample.

[0021] 2. By utilizing the locking structure of the positioning ring groove and the limiting boss, the sampling tube is automatically fixed during the drilling process of the drilling rod, preventing the sampling tube from moving upward with the soil and ensuring that the sampling groove can fully collect soil samples.

[0022] 3. The sampling rope adopts a segmented connection design, which is compatible with the overlapping use of the extension rod. The sampling tube can be quickly released by pulling the sampling rope, realizing flexible sampling without the need for the whole lifting rod, thus improving the exploration efficiency.

[0023] 4. The guide groove positions and guides the sample breakage claw, preventing the sample breakage claw from failing to engage due to the deflection of the sampling cylinder, avoiding the sample breakage claw from breaking, and improving the operational stability and service life of the device.

[0024] 5. The magnetic engagement structure between the winding drum and the winding motor enables active driving of the sample rope winding and passive following of the wire feeding, which is compatible with the drilling of the drilling rod and the lifting of the sampling drum, further improving the efficiency of sampling work. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a drilling and sampling device for geotechnical exploration proposed in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along section line AA; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line BB; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the section line CC; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder of a drilling sampling device for rock and soil exploration proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting rod of a drilling sampling device for rock and soil exploration proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drilling rod of a drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extension rod of a drilling sampling device for rock and soil exploration proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive turntable of a drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration proposed in this invention; Figure 11 for Figure 5 A magnified view of section I in the middle.

[0026] The components include: 1. Sampling device; 11. Sampling cylinder; 111. Lifting frame groove; 1111. Limiting rod rotating shaft; 1112. Limiting boss sliding groove; 112. Counterweight; 113. Sampling slot; 114. Sample breaking claw; 12. Lifting frame; 121. Limiting rod; 1211. Limiting boss; 1212. Rotating hole; 1213. Connecting hole; 1214. Elastic stop block; 122. Limiting rod spring; 123. Lifting rod; 124. Rope rod; 125. Sampling rope; 2. Drilling assembly; 21. Drill rod; 211. Drill bit; 2111. Claw groove; 212. Screwdriver blade; 213. Threaded shaft one; 214. Rotary drive column one. 215. Lifting channel one; 216. Positioning ring groove; 217. Guide groove; 22. Extension rod; 221. Threaded shaft two; 222. Rotary drive column two; 223. Lifting channel two; 224. Threaded sleeve; 3. Drive assembly; 31. Hydraulic device; 311. Hydraulic seat; 3111. Drill rod positioning hole; 312. Hydraulic plate; 3121. Motor seat; 313. Hydraulic column; 32. Drive turntable; 321. Drive groove; 33. Turntable motor; 331. Motor transmission wheel; 34. Winding frame; 341. Winding drum; 342. Winding motor; 35. Guide rod; 4. Support base plate; 41. Working groove; 42. Working accessories.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] like Figures 1-11As shown, the present invention proposes a drilling and sampling device for geotechnical exploration, including a sampling device 1, a drilling assembly 2, a driving assembly 3, and a supporting base plate 4. The driving assembly 3 is mounted on the supporting base plate 4, the drilling assembly 2 is mounted on the driving assembly 3, and the sampling device 1 is located inside the drilling assembly 2. The sampling device 1 includes a sampling cylinder 11 and a lifting frame 12, the lifting frame 12 is located inside the sampling cylinder 11, the drilling assembly 2 includes a drilling rod 21 and an extension rod 22, the extension rod 22 is connected to the top of the drilling rod 21, and the sampling cylinder 11 is located inside the drilling rod 21.

[0031] The sampling cylinder 11 is provided with a lifting frame groove 111, a counterweight 112 and a sampling groove 113. The counterweight 112 is located between the lifting frame groove 111 and the sampling groove 113. The bottom of the sampling groove 113 is provided with a sample breaking claw 114. The lifting frame 12 is located in the lifting frame groove 111. The center of the lifting frame groove 111 is provided with a limiting rod rotating shaft 1111. The lifting frame groove 111 is symmetrically provided with limiting boss sliding grooves 1112 on both sides.

[0032] The lifting frame 12 includes a limiting rod 121 and a limiting rod spring 122. One end of the limiting rod 121 is provided with a limiting boss 1211, and the other end of the limiting rod 121 is provided with an elastic stop 1214. The limiting boss 1211 is located in the limiting boss groove 1112. The limiting rod 121 is also provided with a rotating hole 1212 and a connecting hole 1213. The connecting hole 1213 is located on one side of the limiting boss 1211. The rotating hole 1212 is provided on the limiting rod rotating shaft 1111. The limiting rods 121 are cross-arranged on the limiting rod rotating shaft 1111. The limiting rod spring 122 is connected between the elastic stops 1214 of the two limiting rods 121.

[0033] The lifting frame 12 also includes a lifting rod 123, a rope rod 124 and a sample lifting rope 125. The bottom of the lifting rod 123 is located in the connection hole 1213 of the limiting rod 121. The tops of the two lifting rods 123 are connected by the rope rod 124. The bottom of the sample lifting rope 125 is located on the rope rod 124.

[0034] The bottom of the drill rod 21 is provided with a drill bit 211, the outer wall of the drill rod 21 is provided with a screw blade 212, the top of the drill rod 21 is provided with a threaded shaft 213, the top of the threaded shaft 213 is provided with a rotary drive column 214, the center of the drill rod 21 is provided with a lifting channel 215, and the sampling cylinder 11 slides in the lifting channel 215.

[0035] The bottom of the drill bit 211 has a circular array of claw grooves 2111, and the sample breaking claw 114 is engaged in the claw grooves 2111. The lifting channel 215 is provided with a positioning ring groove 216 and a guide groove 217. The limiting boss 1211 is located in the positioning ring groove 216. The guide groove 217 is connected to one of the claw grooves 2111 at the bottom of the drill bit 211, and the sample breaking claw 114 slides in the guide groove 217.

[0036] The extension rod 22 has a threaded shaft 221 at the top and a threaded sleeve 224 at the bottom. The threaded sleeve 224 is connected to the threaded shaft 213 by threads. The threaded shaft 221 has a rotary drive column 222 at the top and a lifting channel 223 at the center of the extension rod 22. The lifting channel 223 is connected to the lifting channel 215.

[0037] The drive assembly 3 includes a hydraulic device 31, a drive turntable 32, and a turntable motor 33. The hydraulic device 31 is provided with a hydraulic base 311, a hydraulic plate 312, and a hydraulic column 313. The hydraulic column 313 is connected between the hydraulic base 311 and the hydraulic plate 312. The drive turntable 32 rotates at the center of the hydraulic plate 312. A motor base 3121 is provided on the rear side of the hydraulic plate 312. The turntable motor 33 is located on the motor base 3121. A drive groove 321 is provided at the center of the drive turntable 32. The drive groove 321 is fastened to either the first rotary drive column 214 or the second rotary drive column 222. A motor transmission wheel 331 is provided on the turntable motor 33. The motor transmission wheel 331 is connected to the drive turntable 32 through a transmission chain.

[0038] The drive assembly 3 also includes a winding frame 34 and a guide rod 35. The winding frame 34 is located on top of the hydraulic plate 312 and has a winding drum 341. The winding drum 341 is equipped with a winding motor 342. The top end of the lifting rope 125 is located on the winding drum 341. The guide rod 35 is fixed to the hydraulic plate 312 and slides on the channel of the hydraulic seat 311. The hydraulic base 311 is provided with a drill rod positioning hole 3111, the drilling assembly 2 is located in the drill rod positioning hole 3111, the front end of the support base plate 4 is provided with a working groove 41, the working groove 41 is coaxial with the drill rod positioning hole 3111, and the support base plate 4 is also provided with a working accessory 42.

[0039] In practical use, the rotating drive column 214 of the drill rod 21 is engaged and fixed in the drive groove 321 of the drive turntable 32. The sampling cylinder 11 is placed into the lifting channel 215 of the drill rod 21. At this time, the sample breaking claw 114 at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 11 is squeezed into the sampling groove 113 by the inner wall of the lifting channel 215, and one of the sample breaking claws 114 is attached to the guide groove 217. Under the gravity of the counterweight 112, the sampling cylinder 11 moves downward until the sample breaking claw 114 is engaged in the claw groove 2111. The bottom of the sampling cylinder 11 is flush with the bottom of the drill bit 211, and the limiting boss 1211 of the limiting rod 121 is engaged in the positioning ring groove 216. Finally, the excess part of the lifting rope 125 is wound around the winding drum 341 to complete the initial assembly of the device.

[0040] The turntable motor 33 is started, and the motor drive wheel 331 drives the drive turntable 32 to rotate through the transmission chain, which in turn drives the drill rod 21 to rotate. At the same time, the hydraulic column 313 pushes the hydraulic plate 312 to move down, driving the drive turntable 32 and the drill rod 21 to drill downwards synchronously. If the length of the drill rod 21 is insufficient, an extension rod 22 can be connected to the threaded shaft 213 at its top through the threaded sleeve 224. The segmented sample lifting rope 125 is passed through the lifting channel 223 of the extension rod 22 and connected to each other. The excess part of the sample lifting rope 125 is then wound around the winding drum 341. During this process, the winding motor 342 does not work, and the winding drum 341 rotates freely, realizing the automatic feeding of the sample lifting rope 125 as the drill rod 21 drills.

[0041] During the drilling process of the drilling rod 21, soil samples enter the sampling trench 113. After the sampling trench 113 is filled with samples, the drilling rod 21 continues to drill. The soil will push the sampling tube 11 upward and drive the lifting frame 12 to move upward simultaneously. The limiting boss 1211 of the limiting rod 121 moves downward under the pressure of the positioning ring groove 216. Because the elastic block 1214 is blocked by the side wall of the lifting frame groove 111, the limiting boss 1211 is stuck at the positioning ring groove 216, thereby fixing the sampling tube and ensuring the stability of the sample in the sampling trench.

[0042] When soil samples need to be extracted, the winding motor 342 is started, which drives the winding drum 341 to rotate and wind up the lifting rope 125. The lifting rope 125 pulls the rope rod 124 upward, and the rope rod 124 pulls the lifting rod 123 upward, which in turn drives the limiting rod 121 to rotate around the limiting rod rotation shaft 1111, so that the limiting boss 1211 retracts into the limiting boss slide groove 1112, and the sampling cylinder 11 is removed from the obstruction of the positioning ring groove 216. Under the pull of the lifting rope 125, the sampling cylinder 11 moves upward. During the movement, the sample breaking claw 114 is squeezed into the sampling groove 113 by the inner wall of the lifting channel 215, breaking the soil sample and supporting the bottom of the sample until the sampling cylinder 11 is lifted to the ground to complete the sampling.

[0043] After completing one sampling, slightly raise the drill rod 21 to leave a gap at the bottom of the drill bit, and put the sampling cylinder 11 back into the lifting channel 215. Under the gravity of the counterweight 112, the sampling cylinder 11 moves down to the drill bit 211, and the sample breaking claw 114 snaps into the claw groove 2111 again. Restart the hydraulic device 31 and the rotary table motor 33 to make the drill rod 21 continue to drill. Repeat the above steps to achieve a second sampling.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0046] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration, characterized in that: It includes a sampling device (1), a drilling assembly (2), a drive assembly (3) and a support base plate (4). The drive assembly (3) is located on the support base plate (4), the drilling assembly (2) is located on the drive assembly (3), and the sampling device (1) is located inside the drilling assembly (2). The sampling device (1) includes a sampling tube (11) and a lifting frame (12), the lifting frame (12) being located inside the sampling tube (11). The drilling assembly (2) includes a drilling rod (21) and an extension rod (22), the extension rod (22) being connected to the top of the drilling rod (21), and the sampling tube (11) being located inside the drilling rod (21).

2. The drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling cylinder (11) is provided with a lifting frame groove (111), a counterweight (112) and a sampling groove (113). The counterweight (112) is located between the lifting frame groove (111) and the sampling groove (113). The bottom of the sampling groove (113) is provided with a sample breaking claw (114). The lifting frame (12) is located in the lifting frame groove (111). The center of the lifting frame groove (111) is provided with a limiting rod rotating shaft (1111). The two sides of the lifting frame groove (111) are symmetrically provided with limiting boss sliding grooves (1112).

3. The drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting frame (12) includes a limiting rod (121) and a limiting rod spring (122). One end of the limiting rod (121) is provided with a limiting boss (1211), and the other end of the limiting rod (121) is provided with an elastic stop (1214). The limiting boss (1211) is located in the limiting boss groove (1112). The limiting rod (121) is also provided with a rotating hole (1212) and a connecting hole (1213). The connecting hole (1213) is located on one side of the limiting boss (1211). The rotating hole (1212) is provided on the limiting rod rotating shaft (1111). The limiting rods (121) are cross-arranged on the limiting rod rotating shaft (1111). The limiting rod spring (122) is connected between the elastic stops (1214) of the two limiting rods (121).

4. The drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting frame (12) also includes a lifting rod (123), a rope rod (124) and a sample lifting rope (125). The bottom of the lifting rod (123) is located in the connecting hole (1213) of the limiting rod (121). The tops of the two lifting rods (123) are connected by the rope rod (124). The bottom of the sample lifting rope (125) is located on the rope rod (124).

5. A drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drill rod (21) has a drill bit (211) at the bottom, a screw conveyor blade (212) on the outer wall of the drill rod (21), a threaded shaft (213) at the top of the drill rod (21), a rotary drive column (214) at the top of the threaded shaft (213), a lifting channel (215) at the center of the drill rod (21), and the sampling cylinder (11) slides in the lifting channel (215).

6. The drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill bit (211) has a circular array of claw grooves (2111) at the bottom. The sample breaker (114) is engaged in the claw groove (2111). The lifting channel (215) is provided with a positioning ring groove (216) and a guide groove (217). The limiting boss (1211) is located in the positioning ring groove (216). The guide groove (217) is connected to one of the claw grooves (2111) at the bottom of the drill bit (211). The sample breaker (114) slides in the guide groove (217).

7. A drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extension rod (22) has a threaded shaft two (221) at the top and a threaded sleeve (224) at the bottom. The threaded sleeve (224) is connected to the threaded shaft one (213) by a thread. The threaded shaft two (221) has a rotary drive column two (222) at the top. The extension rod (22) has a lifting channel two (223) at the center. The lifting channel two (223) is connected to the lifting channel one (215). The lifting channel two (223) has a groove that is connected to the guide groove (217).

8. A drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive assembly (3) includes a hydraulic device (31), a drive turntable (32), and a turntable motor (33). The hydraulic device (31) is provided with a hydraulic base (311), a hydraulic plate (312), and a hydraulic column (313). The hydraulic column (313) is connected between the hydraulic base (311) and the hydraulic plate (312). The drive turntable (32) rotates at the center of the hydraulic plate (312). A motor base (3121) is provided on the rear side of the hydraulic plate (312). The turntable motor (33) is located on the motor base (3121). A drive groove (321) is provided at the center of the drive turntable (32). The drive groove (321) is fastened to a rotating drive column one (214) or a rotating drive column two (222). A motor transmission wheel (331) is provided on the turntable motor (33). The motor transmission wheel (331) is connected to the drive turntable (32) through a transmission chain.

9. A drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive assembly (3) further includes a winding frame (34) and a guide rod (35). The winding frame (34) is located on the top of the hydraulic plate (312). The winding frame (34) is provided with a winding drum (341). The winding drum (341) is equipped with a winding motor (342). The top end of the lifting rope (125) is located on the winding drum (341). The guide rod (35) is fixed to the hydraulic plate (312) and slides on the channel of the hydraulic seat (311).

10. A drilling and sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hydraulic base (311) is provided with a drill rod positioning hole (3111), the drilling assembly (2) is located in the drill rod positioning hole (3111), the front end of the support base plate (4) is provided with a working groove (41), the working groove (41) is coaxial with the drill rod positioning hole (3111), and the support base plate (4) is also provided with a working accessory (42).

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