Optical system, mount for an optical system, and measuring apparatus having an optical system

Abstract

This invention relates to optical systems, mountings for optical systems, and measuring devices having optical systems. An optical system (100) for a measuring device (200) is described, the measuring device being used to optically measure at least one measurement variable of a medium, the variable being captureable by a measurement technique based on useful radiation (LN), the useful radiation (LN) being generated by the interaction of wavelength-varying radiation and included in the measurement radiation (LM) generated by the interaction of excitation radiation (LA) with the medium, and a mounting (300) for the optical system. The optical system (100) includes a first signal path (1) in which a filter (5) designed as a bandpass interference filter is inserted at a tilt angle () other than zero degrees, which divides the first signal path (1) into a unidirectional transmission path (7) and a bidirectional path (9) for transmitting excitation radiation (LA) and receiving measurement radiation (LM). The tilt angle () is sized such that the tilted filter (5) transmits the signal component supplied to the transmission path (7) as the excitation radiation (LA) within the passband of its transmission radiation (L), and reflects the signal component of the measurement radiation (LM) incident on it via the bidirectional path (9) and generated by the interaction of the transmitted excitation radiation (LA) with the medium outside its passband, and makes them available as useful radiation (LN).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an optical system for a measuring device for optically measuring at least one measurement variable of a medium, the variable being obtainable by a measuring technique based on useful radiation generated by the interaction of wavelength variations and included in the measuring radiation generated by the interaction of excitation radiation with the medium. The invention also relates to a mounting for the optical system and a measuring device for optically measuring at least one measurement variable of the optical system. Background Technology

[0002] Measurement devices for optical measurements of at least one variable are used in a variety of applications. These applications include, for example, applications in the chemical industry, oil and gas industry, food industry, water and wastewater systems such as sewage treatment plants, and applications in measurement and automation technologies.

[0003] In addition, a measurement method is used in which excitation radiation is sent into a medium, measurement radiation generated by the interaction between the excitation radiation and the medium is received, and a measurement variable is determined based on the useful radiation contained in the measurement radiation, and the measurement variable is generated by the interaction between the excitation radiation and the wavelength change of the medium—such as fluorescence or Raman scattering.

[0004] For this purpose, a measuring device, for example, with an optical system is used, comprising a bidirectional transmission path through which excitation radiation is transmitted into a medium and through which measurement radiation generated by the interaction of the excitation radiation with the medium is received. This provides the advantage that only one process interface in contact with the medium is needed during the measurement operation, through which the excitation radiation is transmitted and the measurement radiation is received. However, a disadvantage is that the measurement radiation received via the bidirectional transmission path is typically a portion of the excitation radiation reflected back into the medium without wavelength variation, and this portion must be separated from the useful radiation with wavelength variation contained in the measurement radiation.

[0005] For this signal separation, an optical system can be used, which includes a bandpass filter that narrowly limits the wavelength range of the excitation light and a beam splitter tuned to the wavelength range to be separated. Beam splitters suitable for this purpose are typically custom-made and highly precisely tailored to the wavelength range to be separated, and are correspondingly expensive.

[0006] US 6,907,149 B2 describes an optical system for a Raman probe or fluorescence sensor, comprising a first signal path extending along a first optical axis and a second signal path extending along a second optical axis parallel to the first optical axis. Transmitted radiation is fed into the first signal path by a radiation source and collimated by a lens inserted into the first signal path on the input side. Additionally, a bandpass filter is inserted into the first signal path following the lens in the transmission direction; this filter eliminates interference radiation and limits the wavelength range of the transmitted excitation radiation to a specified transmission wavelength range.

[0007] Furthermore, the optical system includes a reflector inserted into the end of the first signal path, which reflects the excitation radiation transmitted by the bandpass filter in the direction of the dielectric edge filter inserted into the second signal path. The edge filter acts as a beam splitter, by which the second signal path is divided into a bidirectional transmission path for transmitting the excitation radiation and for receiving measurement radiation, and a unidirectional transmission path for outputting useful radiation. For this purpose, the edge filter is oriented at an angle relative to the second optical axis such that it reflects the excitation radiation incident upon it in the transmission direction extending along the bidirectional transmission path, and transmits the useful radiation contained in the measurement radiation incident upon it via the bidirectional transmission path into the unidirectional transmission path.

[0008] In principle, the tilt angle can be, for example, 45°. According to US 6,907,149 B2, greater insensitivity of the edge filter to the polarization of radiation incident upon it is achieved by orienting the edge filter at a tilt angle of less than or equal to 20° with respect to the second optical axis.

[0009] However, in order to achieve the most complete possible separation of the excitation radiation contained in the measurement radiation and reflected by the medium without changing the wavelength, the optical system described in US 6,907,149 B2 requires that the edge filter used in the second signal path be tuned with high precision to the passband of the bandpass filter inserted into the first signal path.

[0010] For this purpose, a bandpass filter with the narrowest possible passband can be used in the first signal path, and / or a high-quality edge filter with the narrowest possible transition range between the permeable and opaque spectral ranges of the edge filter can be used in the second signal path. However, the corresponding high-quality edge filters are typically expensive optical components.

[0011] Furthermore, there is a problem that the optical characteristics of the edge filter vary depending on the angle of incidence of the excitation and measurement radiations. The angle of incidence of the excitation radiation depends not only on the orientation of the reflector but also on the tilt angle of the edge reflector. The angle of incidence of the measurement beam depends on the tilt angle of the edge reflector. Therefore, the optical system described in US 6,907,149 B2 requires high-precision positioning and orientation of the reflector and edge filter. This increases manufacturing costs and the optical system's sensitivity to vibration.

[0012] According to an alternative embodiment, a notch filter is used in the unidirectional transmission path of the optical system described in US 6,907,149 B2. This notch filter eliminates any portion of the reflected excitation radiation still contained within the portion of the measurement radiation transmitted by the edge filter. However, this increases the number of optical components in the optical system, leading to a corresponding increase in manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The object of the present invention is to provide an optical system by which the most complete separation of excitation radiation contained in the measurement radiation and reflected by the medium from the useful radiation can be achieved in a manner that is as cost-effective as possible and easier to implement in terms of manufacturing technology.

[0014] For this purpose, the present invention includes an optical system for a measuring device for measuring at least one measurement variable of an optically measuring medium, the variable being obtainable by a measurement technique based on useful radiation, the useful radiation being generated by the interaction of wavelength variations and included in the measurement radiation generated by the interaction of excitation radiation with the medium, wherein the optical system:

[0015] Includes a first signal path extending along a first optical axis and a filter inserted into the first signal path, wherein the filter:

[0016] The first signal path is divided into a unidirectional transmission path and a bidirectional path for transmitting excitation radiation and receiving measurement radiation.

[0017] Designed as a bandpass interference filter, and

[0018] The filter is tilted relative to the first optical axis, such that a tilt angle other than zero degrees is enclosed between the normal vector of the tilted filter and the first optical axis, wherein the tilt angle is sized such that the tilted filter:

[0019] The signal component within the passband of the tilted filter, which is supplied to the transmission path, serves as the excitation radiation.

[0020] The reflected radiation is incident on the filter via a bidirectional path and is generated by the interaction of the transmitted excitation radiation with the medium, resulting in a signal component located outside the passband of the tilted filter, and thus making the signal component usable as useful radiation.

[0021] The advantage provided by the optical system is that the filter inserted into the first signal path not only functions as a bandpass filter to eliminate interference signals and limit the wavelength range of the transmitted excitation radiation, but also functions as a beam splitter to separate the reflected excitation radiation contained in the measurement radiation from the useful radiation.

[0022] The advantage of this dual functionality is that the bandpass filter formed by the filter and the beam splitter formed by the filter are perfectly matched not only in their spectral transmission behavior but also in their position and orientation. This provides the advantage that the filter reflects only the signal component of the measured radiation located outside the wavelength range of the transmitted excitation radiation, which can then be used as useful radiation without requiring the high-precision orientation and positioning of the filter.

[0023] An additional advantage of this is that bandpass interference filters, which are inexpensive and available as standard components, can be easily used as filters. Furthermore, the dual function of the filter offers the advantage of reducing the number of optical components required. Both of these factors lead to a corresponding reduction in production costs.

[0024] During development, the tilt angle is greater than or equal to 5°, and the tilt angle is less than or equal to 45°, less than or equal to 35°, or less than or equal to 20°.

[0025] In further development, the tilt angle was sized such that the center wavelength of the tilted filter corresponds to the target wavelength specified for the excitation radiation.

[0026] In the embodiment:

[0027] A collimating device is inserted into the transmission path, and the collimating device is designed to collimate the transmitted radiation fed into the transmission path, wherein the collimating device includes at least one optical component and / or lens, and / or

[0028] An optical device is inserted into a bidirectional path. The optical device is designed to focus excitation radiation emitted from the optical system via the bidirectional path onto a region located outside the optical system and to collimate measurement radiation entering the bidirectional path from the region. The optical device includes at least one optical component, a lens, and / or an objective lens.

[0029] Preferred developments include an optical system comprising a second signal path extending along or parallel to a second optical axis, wherein...

[0030] The reflector is inserted into the second signal path at the end, and

[0031] The reflector is arranged relative to the tilted filter and tilted relative to the second optical axis, such that useful radiation reflected by the tilted filter is incident on the reflector and reflected in a direction parallel to the second optical axis.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the development:

[0033] A focusing device is inserted into a second signal path. The focusing device is designed to focus useful radiation emitted from the optical system via the second signal path onto a region located inside or outside the optical system. The focusing device includes at least one optical component and / or lens, and / or...

[0034] An additional filter is inserted into the second signal path, which limits the wavelength range of the useful radiation transmitted through the additional filter to the measurement wavelength range specified according to the measurement variable to be measured.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention includes a mounting for an optical system, the system comprising at least one optical component disposed in a first signal path extending along a first optical axis and at least one optical component disposed in a second signal path extending along a second optical axis or along a second optical axis parallel to the first optical axis, wherein the mounting comprises two half-shells, and wherein:

[0036] Each half-shell has a recess extending parallel to the optical axis for each optical axis.

[0037] The half-shells can be positioned or positioned on top of each other such that each pair of recesses of the half-shells arranged on top of each other, formed by two opposing adjacent recesses, in each case forms a channel whose longitudinal axis is coaxial with one of the optical axes.

[0038] Each half-shell of each optical component in the optical system has a pocket adjacent to a recess, and a portion of the outer edge of the corresponding optical component can be inserted into or into the pocket.

[0039] Each pocket is positioned for a corresponding optical component, which can be inserted into or within the optical system in an orientation specified by the optical component relative to the optical axis extending through the optical system.

[0040] The first development of the mounting components provided:

[0041] Adjacent recesses of each half-shell are separated from each other by a spacer disposed therebetween.

[0042] The half-shell is designed to ensure that:

[0043] The partitions of the stacked half-shells are adjacent to each other.

[0044] The separator extends along the entire length of the recess adjacent to it, and / or

[0045] A recess is provided in each of the partitions of the half-shell, the recesses being designed such that adjacent recesses of the half-shells arranged on top of each other form a channel opening for a connection path extending from one optical axis to another, and / or

[0046] The half-shells can be connected to each other or to each other by means of complementary plug connector elements arranged on the end faces of the separators of the half-shells.

[0047] Further developments in the equipment include:

[0048] Adjacent recesses of each half-shell are separated from each other by spacers arranged therebetween, and

[0049] At least one plug connector element, which is a tongue extending along the entire length of the separator or designed as a tongue, is arranged on the separator of at least one half of the two half-shells, and the separator of the other half-shell includes a plug connector element designed as a groove for each plug connector element designed as a tongue.

[0050] According to the second development, the mounting component includes a sleeve and is designed such that:

[0051] The half-shells arranged on top of each other can be inserted into or into a sleeve, and / or

[0052] The half-shell is designed to enable

[0053] The half-shells arranged on top of each other can be inserted into the sleeve or into the sleeve, and / or

[0054] They are composed entirely or at least in sections of resilient deformable material or resilient deformable plastic and / or have a shape that enables and / or achieves the clamping of the half-shells arranged on top of each other in a sleeve.

[0055] Further developments of the second development include that the half-shell has protruding structures and / or structures on its outer side, the protruding structures and / or structures designed as protrusions, connecting elements or elongated structural elements, which are designed and arranged such that, in cooperation with a sleeve surrounding the half-shell arranged on top of each other, they achieve external clamping of optical components arranged in the half-shell arranged on top of each other.

[0056] The final development mentioned includes that the structure of each half-shell for each optical component includes: at least one structure protruding outward relative to the shell region of the corresponding half-shell, a pocket for the optical component being arranged inside the shell region, and / or

[0057] For at least one optical component or each optical component oriented perpendicular to one of the optical axes in the optical system, the half-shell each includes at least one structure extending parallel to the optical axis, and / or

[0058] For at least one optical component or each optical component in an optical system that is tilted at an angle specified for a corresponding component relative to an optical axis, each half-shell includes a structure extending at an angle specified for the component relative to the corresponding optical axis.

[0059] The second development of the mounting components includes:

[0060] The half-shell has an opening, allowing the shaped seal to be inserted into or into the opening.

[0061] The openings in each half-shell are designed and arranged such that at least two openings distributed circumferentially around the outer edge are inserted adjacently into the outer edge of each optical component arranged on top of each other in the half-shell, each opening exposing a portion of the outer edge of the optical component, and

[0062] When the optical component is inserted therein and the shaped seal is inserted into the opening, the half-shells arranged on top of each other can be inserted into or into the sleeve, such that the shaped seal is internally clamped between a portion of the outer edge of the optical component and the sleeve, adjacent to it.

[0063] Further developments in mounting components include:

[0064] The half-shell is elastically deformable, at least in the pocket area, allowing the optical components to be held in or out of the pocket.

[0065] The half-shell, as a whole or at least in the pocket area, is composed of an elastically deformable material or elastically deformable plastic, and / or has a shape in the pocket area that enables and / or allows for the clamping of optical components, and / or

[0066] The half-shell includes complementary plug connector elements, by means of which the half-shells can be mechanically connected to each other or to each other.

[0067] Furthermore, the present invention includes a measuring device for measuring at least one measuring variable of a medium using an optical system according to the present invention, the device being:

[0068] Including the housing, the optical system is arranged inside the housing.

[0069] This includes a transmission device with a radiation source designed to feed transmitted radiation generated by the radiation source into the transmission path of the optical system, and

[0070] It includes a detection device designed to receive useful radiation emitted by an optical system, and to determine and provide at least one characteristic of the useful radiation that depends on the measured variable.

[0071] According to development, the measuring device includes a mounting component according to the invention.

[0072] The embodiments include measuring devices:

[0073] This includes a transparent process interface through which the measuring device transmits excitation radiation into the medium and receives the measurement radiation generated by the interaction between the transmitted excitation radiation and the medium.

[0074] This includes evaluation equipment, which can be connected to or connected to detection equipment, and is designed to determine and provide measurement results for measurement variables based on one or more characteristics of useful radiation determined by the detection equipment.

[0075] Designed as a fluorescence measurement device or a Raman spectrometer measurement device, and / or

[0076] Designed as a fluorescence measurement device to enable:

[0077] The radiation source is designed to generate transmission radiation in a wavelength range matching the fluorescent component of the medium and / or in the wavelength range of 180 nm to 1200 nm, and / or

[0078] The tilt angle is fixed so that the tilted filter has a center wavelength corresponding to the desired wavelength, which can be used to excite the fluorescent components of the medium into fluorescence. Attached Figure Description

[0079] The invention and its advantages will now be explained in detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several examples of embodiments. The same elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

[0080] Figure 1 An optical system is shown;

[0081] Figure 2 The transmission curve of the bandpass interference filter is shown;

[0082] Figure 3 A measuring device with an optical system is shown;

[0083] Figure 4 The mounting components of the optical system are shown;

[0084] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 The first half-shell of the mounting component shown;

[0085] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4The second half of the mounting assembly shown is equipped with Figure 1 The optical components of the optical system shown;

[0086] Figure 7 It shows Figure 3 The housing of the measuring device shown, wherein the optical components of the optical system are arranged in the mounting; and

[0087] Figure 8 Another embodiment of the mounting component is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0088] The present invention includes an optical system 100 for a measuring device 200 for optically measuring at least one measurement variable of a medium, the variable being acquired by a measuring technique based on useful radiation generated by the interaction of wavelength variations, and included in the measuring radiation generated by the interaction of excitation radiation with the medium. Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the optical system 100 is shown in the figure.

[0089] The optical system 100 is designed to emit excitation radiation LA in the direction of the medium via interface 20 based on the transmission radiation L supplied to the optical system 100 via input 10, to receive measurement radiation LM generated by the interaction of the excitation light LA ​​with the medium via interface 20, and to output useful radiation LN contained in the measurement radiation LM and generated by the interaction of the excitation light LA ​​with the wavelength change of the medium via output 30 of the optical system 100.

[0090] For this purpose, the optical system 100 includes a first signal path 1 extending along a first optical axis A1. In addition to the first signal path 1, for the most compact design and / or for the structure of the measuring device 200 including the optical system 100, advantageous alternative embodiments include the optical system 100 including a second signal path 3, which also... Figure 1 It is shown as an option and extends along the second optical axis A2. Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment is shown in which the second optical axis A2 extends parallel to the first optical axis A1. However, this is not absolutely necessary.

[0091] A filter 5, designed as a bandpass interference filter, is inserted into the first signal path 1. The filter divides the first signal path 1 into a unidirectional transmission path 7 and a bidirectional path 9 for transmitting excitation radiation LA and receiving measurement radiation LM.

[0092] Suitable bandpass interference filters are those that are available as standard components, such as those supplied by Semrock. These standard components are typically used as bandpass filters such that the radiation to be filtered is incident on the filter in a direction parallel to the filter's normal vector.

[0093] Conversely, the filter 5 in the optical system 100 is tilted relative to the first optical axis A1, such that a tilt angle other than zero degrees is closed between the normal vector of the tilted filter 5 and the first optical axis A1. Tilt angle The size is fixed such that the tilted filter 5 is tilted according to the tilt angle of the transmitted radiation L supplied to the transmission path 7 via the input 10 of the optical system 100. The magnitude of the angle transmits the signal component located within the passband of the tilted filter 5 to the bidirectional path 9 as excitation radiation LA. Therefore, the tilt angle The angled filter 5 is also sized such that the angled filter 5 reflects the signal components that are located outside the passband of the angled filter 5, which are located on the filter via the bidirectional path 9, and are generated by the interaction of the transmitted excitation radiation LA with the medium, and makes them usable as useful radiation LN.

[0094] exist Figure 2 Transmission curve using a bandpass interference filter The example shows the tilt angle The dimensions of the bandpass interference filter are determined for different tilt angles of 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 40°, and 45°. The following performance is observed. Using a bandpass interferometer filter from Semrock, which exhibits a transmission curve relative to radiation incident upon it parallel to its normal vector, it also... Figure 2 The curve shown in the middle is a reference curve. It has a center wavelength Z r It is 260nm.

[0095] from Figure 2 As can be seen, the tilt angle is different from zero degrees. Caused by tilt angle Spectral transmission curve and the center wavelength of the tilted filter 5 The deviation becomes larger as the size increases, and this deviation originates from the reference curve. The bandpass interferometer filter has a center wavelength Z relative to radiation incident on it in a direction parallel to the normal vector. r As illustrated in this example, the bandpass interference filter exhibits a relatively large range of tilt angles, with the bandpass interference filter displaying the transmission and reflection characteristics described for the tilted filter 5. Correspondingly, the tilt angle of the tilted filter 5 is determined. So that it is within the range of that tilt angle.

[0096] With tilt angles within this tilt angle range The tilted filter 5 offers the following advantages: in the optical system 100, not only is the function of a bandpass filter assumed to eliminate interference radiation and limit the wavelength range of the transmitted excitation radiation LA, but also the function of a beam splitter assumed to separate the excitation radiation LA, which is contained in the measurement radiation LM and re-enters the optical system 100 without any wavelength change, from the useful radiation LN. The tilted filter 5 separates the excitation radiation LA reflected from the medium, and, if applicable, separates the excitation radiation LA scattered back from the medium without wavelength change. Furthermore, the tilted filter 5 also separates any excitation radiation LA that can be reflected and / or scattered back along the optical path extending from the optical system 100 to the medium without wavelength change, such as excitation radiation LA that can be reflected and / or scattered back by elements that may be present near the optical path.

[0097] Since the tilted filter 5 is transparent within its limited passband, the signal component located within the passband of the tilted filter 5 is not reflected by the measurement radiation LM incident upon it via the bidirectional path 9, but is instead transmitted into the transmission path 7. Because the passband also corresponds to the wavelength range of the excitation radiation LA emitted via the bidirectional path 9, this ensures that the signal component of the measurement radiation LM incident upon it via the bidirectional path 9, reflected at the tilted filter 5, does not return to the excitation radiation LA of the bidirectional path 9 without any wavelength change, and thus has a wavelength that does not change within the passband, eliminating the need for high-precision orientation of the tilted filter 5 for this purpose.

[0098] The optical system 100 has the advantages described above. Optionally, individual components and / or regions of the optical system 100 may each have different embodiments that can be used individually and / or in combination with each other.

[0099] In this respect, the signal component of the measured radiation LM reflected at the tilted filter 5 can be output, for example, via a useful signal path 11 extending in a straight line from the tilted filter 5 to the corresponding position of the output in the optical system 100. Here, the angle at which the useful signal path 11 extends relative to the first optical axis A1 is determined by the tilt angle of the filter 5. Provided.

[0100] Figure 1An alternative exemplary embodiment is shown, wherein the optical system 100 includes a second signal path 3 extending along the second optical axis A2 in addition to the first signal path 1. In this embodiment, a reflector 13 is inserted at its end into the second signal path 3. The reflector 13 is arranged relative to the inclined filter 5 such that, and is inclined relative to the second optical axis A2, the useful radiation LN reflected by the inclined filter 5 is incident on the reflector 13 and reflected in a direction parallel to the second optical axis A2. The parallel orientation of the two optical axes A1, A2 provides the advantage that the useful radiation LN is output at this side via the useful signal path 11 extending from the inclined filter 5 to the reflector 13, the second signal path 3, and the correspondingly positioned output 30 on this side of the optical system 100, while the transmitted radiation L is also fed into the optical system 100.

[0101] Advantageous embodiments, particularly concerning the coupling out of useful radiation LN reflected at the tilted filter 5, include a tilt angle greater than or equal to 5°. Here, in particular, concerns the transmission rate of the tilted filter 5 in the passband as a function of the tilt angle. The size decreases as the tilt angle increases. An angle less than 45° is advantageous; this is the tilt angle. Preferably, the angle is less than or equal to 35° or even less than or equal to 20°.

[0102] Alternatively or additionally, the selection and tilt angle of the bandpass interference filter used as filter 5 The dimensions are determined to match each other, for example, to make the center wavelength of the tilted filter 5... Corresponding to the target wavelength specified for the excitation radiation LA This offers the following advantages: the transmitted excitation radiation LA is narrowband or even nearly monochromatic radiation, with wavelengths ranging from the target wavelength. Within the limited passband of the tilted filter 5.

[0103] As an alternative or addition to the foregoing embodiments, the optical system 100 may include at least one additional optical component. As an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 A collimating device 15 is shown inserted into the transmission path 7, which is designed to collimate the transmitted radiation L fed into the transmission path 7 via the input 10 of the optical system 100. The collimating device 15 is designed, for example, to include at least one optical component, such as a lens.

[0104] Figure 1Another embodiment also shown includes an optical device 17 used in the bidirectional path 9, which is designed to focus the excitation radiation LA transmitted by the optical system 100 onto a region P1 located outside the optical system 100, such as a focal point, focal line, or finite surface, and collimate the measurement radiation LM entering the bidirectional path 9 from region P1. The optical device 17 is designed, for example, to include at least one optical component, such as an objective lens and / or a lens.

[0105] Alternatively or additionally, at least one additional optical component may be provided in the second signal path 3. Figure 1 The exemplary embodiment shown includes a focusing device 19, such as a lens, which is inserted into a second signal path 3 on the output side. The focusing device is designed to focus useful radiation LN emitted via the second signal path 3 onto a region P2 located inside or outside the optical system 100, such as a focal point, focal line, or finite surface.

[0106] exist Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment, also shown as an option, includes an additional filter 21 inserted into the second signal path 3, which limits the wavelength range of the useful radiation LN transmitted through the additional filter 21 to a measurement wavelength range specified according to the measurement variable to be measured.

[0107] The aforementioned optical system 100, for example, in Figure 3 The measuring device 200 shown is used to measure at least one measurement variable, which can be obtained based on useful radiation LN using measurement techniques. The measuring device 200 includes a housing 23 in which an optical system 100 is arranged. Furthermore, the measuring device 200 includes a transmission device 25 having a radiation source 27 and a detection device 29. The radiation source 27 is designed to feed transmission radiation L generated by the radiation source 27 into the transmission path 7 of the optical system 100. The detection device 29 is designed to receive the useful radiation LN emitted by the optical system 100 and to obtain at least one characteristic of the useful radiation LN using measurement techniques, which depends on the measurement variable, such as at least one spectral intensity or intensity spectrum of the useful radiation LN.

[0108] The measuring device 200 has the advantages already described in conjunction with the optical system 100. Optionally, the individual components of the measuring device 200 may each have different embodiments that can be used individually and / or in combination with each other.

[0109] In this regard, the detection device 29 is designed, for example, to display one or more characteristics of the useful radiation LN depending on the measured variable, output them as detection signals, and / or make them available to the evaluation device 31, which is designed as a component of the measurement device 200 or connectable to or connected to the detection device 29. The evaluation device 31 is designed, for example, to determine and provide the measurement result MR of the measured variable based on one or more characteristics of the useful radiation LN determined by the detection device 29.

[0110] Figure 3 Another embodiment shown includes a measuring device 200, which includes a transparent process interface 33 through which the measuring device 200 transmits excitation radiation LA generated by the transmission device 25 and the optical system 100 into the medium, and receives measurement radiation LM generated by the interaction of the transmitted excitation radiation LA with the medium. For this purpose, the process interface 33 includes, for example, a window inserted into the housing through which the excitation radiation LA, transmitted via a bidirectional path 9, is sent into the medium, and through which the measurement radiation LM enters the bidirectional path 9. Suitable for this purpose is a window made of, for example, glass, sapphire, quartz, plastic, or another material that is transparent in the wavelength range of the excitation radiation LA and in the wavelength range of the useful radiation LN. However, alternatively, the process interface 33 may also include a housing wall region of the housing that is transparent in the wavelength range specified above.

[0111] Depending on the type of wavelength variation interaction used to determine the measured variable and / or multiple measured variables, the transmitting device 27, the detecting device 29, and / or the evaluating device 31 can be designed in a manner different from the prior art.

[0112] One embodiment variant includes a measuring device 200 designed as a fluorescence measuring device. In this case, the medium includes at least one component capable of being excited into fluorescence by excitation radiation LA, and the measuring device 200 is designed to, for example, measure at least one measurement variable of the medium that can be measured based on the fluorescence emitted by the medium, such as the concentration of the fluorescent component contained in the medium.

[0113] In this variant of the embodiment, the radiation source 27 is designed, for example, to generate light with a wavelength range matching the fluorescent component of the medium. Depending on the type of fluorescent component, the radiation source 27 is designed to generate light, for example, in the wavelength range of 180 nm to 1200 nm. In this regard, the radiation source 27 includes, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED), an incandescent lamp, a flash lamp, a gas discharge lamp, or a laser.

[0114] In this embodiment, with an tilt angle The tilted filter 5 has a center wavelength Preferably set to the desired wavelength at which the fluorescent component can be excited into fluorescence. For this purpose, for example at the center wavelength of the corresponding tilted filter 5. equal to the target wavelength tilt angle Use a tilted filter 5 at this location.

[0115] Here, the tilt angle is different from zero degrees. The following results are obtained: corresponding to the target wavelength The center wavelength of the tilted filter 5 The center wavelength Z of the radiation incident on filter 5 relative to the normal vector is deviated from the filter 5. r This is in Figure 2 Using a target wavelength of 255nm An example is shown. In this example, a light source such as a UV light emitting diode is used as the radiation source 27, whose emission spectrum E (also...) is... Figure 2 (As shown in the image) at the target wavelength It has a clear maximum value at that point. From Figure 2 It can be seen from this that for different tilt angles... , has such Figure 2 The bandpass interferometer filter shown in the diagram is used to tune to the desired wavelength of 255 nm. For example, a tilt angle on the order of 20° The center wavelength Z of the tilted filter 5 is shown. 20 equal to the target wavelength In this case, at a tilt angle of 20° for the bandpass interference filter... The center wavelength Z at 255nm appears 20 The bandpass interferometer filter has a center wavelength Z of 260 nm relative to radiation incident upon it parallel to the normal vector. r The difference between them is 5nm.

[0116] When the measuring device 200 is designed as a fluorescence measuring device, the detection device 29 includes, for example, a measuring device, such as a photodiode, a photodiode array, or a spectrometer, which receives useful radiation LN and determines one or more characteristics of the useful radiation LN depending on the measured variable, such as at least one spectral intensity value and / or intensity spectrum of the useful radiation LN.

[0117] This invention can also be used similarly in conjunction with optical measurement principles, where excitation radiation LA interacts with different wavelength variations of the medium. An example of this is Raman scattering. In this regard, the measurement device 200 is designed, for example, as a Raman spectroscopy measurement device. In this case, the radiation source 27 is preferably a monochromatic light source, such as a laser, which emits transmission radiation L in a wavelength range suitable for exciting Raman scattering, such as transmission radiation in the visible or near-infrared range, and the detection device 29 includes a spectrometer that determines and provides the Raman spectrum of the medium based on the useful radiation LN. In this embodiment, the tilted filter 5, designed as a bandpass interference filter, provides the advantage that the useful radiation LN can include signal components caused by Stokes scattering and anti-Stokes scattering.

[0118] In optical systems (such as Figure 1 During the manufacture and / or installation of the optical system 100 shown, the optical components of the optical system must be arranged relative to each other in defined positions and orientations, which are predetermined by their functions, and they must be secured in that arrangement. This becomes increasingly complex the more numerous the optical components, and the greater the number of at least one optical component that must be arranged along its optical axis. Furthermore, multiple components arranged along the optical axis (of which at least one component must be oriented in an orientation tilted relative to the optical axis) cannot be easily stacked on top of each other.

[0119] In this respect, the invention also particularly includes applications for optical systems (such as...) Figure 1 The mounting 300 of the optical system 100 shown includes a first signal path 1 extending along a first optical axis A1 and a second signal path 3 extending along a second optical axis A2, such as a second optical axis A2 extending parallel to the first optical axis A1, wherein at least one optical component is arranged in each of the first signal path 1 and the second signal path 3.

[0120] Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of the mounting member 300 is shown. The mounting member 300 includes two half-shells 35a and 35b. Figure 5 The text shows that in Figure 4 One of the two half-shells 35a of the mounting component 300 shown in the image. Figure 6 The other half of the shell, 35b, is shown in the image.

[0121] Each of the two half-shells 35a and 35b has a recess 37a, 37b, 39a, or 39b extending parallel to the corresponding optical axes A1 and A2 for each of the optical axes A1 and A2. Furthermore, the half-shells 35a and 35b can be... Figure 4The recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, and 39b are positioned relative to each other in pairs, and the relative recesses 37a, 37b, and 39b are adjacent to each other.

[0122] from Figures 4 to 6 It can be seen that the recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b are designed such that each pair of recesses formed by two of the pairs of opposing recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b of the half-shells 35a, 35b arranged on top of each other forms a channel, the longitudinal axis of which is coaxial with one of the optical axes A1, A2.

[0123] Furthermore, each half-shell 35a, 35b of each optical component for the optical system 100 has a pocket 41, pocket 43 adjacent to one of the recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b, and a portion of the outer edge of the corresponding optical component may be a pocket 41, pocket 43 or inserted therein.

[0124] For this purpose, pockets 41 and 43 are designed, for example, such that they each have a cross-sectional geometry corresponding to the cross-sectional geometry of the outer edge of the optical component that may be inserted therein. In this respect, depending on the design of the optical component that may be inserted therein, pockets 41 and 43 are designed, for example, to open toward adjacent recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b and to have a corresponding cross-sectional geometry of grooves or notches.

[0125] Independent of the embodiments in this respect, each pocket 41, 43 is arranged at a position provided for an optical component, which can be inserted into or inserted into the optical system 100 with an orientation specified for the corresponding component within the optical system 100 relative to the optical axis A1, optical axis A2 extending through the corresponding optical component in the optical system 100.

[0126] Here, the optical component includes, for example, at least one component in the optical system 100 oriented perpendicular to one of the optical axes A1 and A2, and / or at least one component in the optical system 100 tilted relative to one of the optical axes A1 and A2. In this case, the perpendicularly oriented component is a component oriented in the optical system 100 such that the normal vector of the component extends parallel to one of the optical axes A1 and A2. The tilted component in this document is a component oriented in the optical system 100 such that the normal vector of the component extends at an angle to one of the optical axes A1 and A2, the angle being different from zero degrees and specified for the tilted component.

[0127] In this respect, for each optical component oriented perpendicular to one of the optical axes A1 and A2, the half-shells 35a and 35 each include a pocket 41 oriented perpendicular to the corresponding optical axis A1 or A2. This is in Figure 5 and Figure 6Use settings for Figure 1 The collimation device 15 shown Figure 1 The optical device 17 shown Figure 1 The focusing device 19 shown is Figure 1 The example of pockets 41 in the half-shells 35a, 35 of the component of the additional filter 21 shown is illustrated, and these pockets are oriented perpendicular to the corresponding optical axes A1, A2.

[0128] Similarly, for each component tilted relative to one of the optical axes A1, A2, the half-shells 35a, 35 each include a pocket 43 tilted relative to the optical axes A1, A2 extending through the corresponding component in the optical system 100 at an angle specified for the corresponding component. This is in Figure 5 and Figure 6 The example shown uses a recess 43 for the filter 5 tilted relative to the first optical axis A1 and a reflector 13 tilted relative to the second optical axis A2, provided in the half-shells 35a, 35. Each recess is tilted relative to the corresponding optical axis A1, A2 to provide an angle into which an optical component can be inserted or inserted.

[0129] The advantage of mounting 300 is that one of the two half-shells, 35a, can be equipped with optical components in a very simple manner, and the other half-shell 35a can then be arranged on the equipped half-shell 35b. Figure 5 The image shows that half-shell 35b is equipped with Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the components of the optical system 100 shown. Thus, the components illustrated herein include, by way of example, an inclined filter 5, a reflector 15, and, where appropriate, optical components such as a collimating device 15, an optical device 17, a focusing device 19, and / or an additional filter 21. When the other half-shell 35b is arranged on the equipped half-shell 35a, the optical components are also automatically inserted into pockets 41, 43 provided for this purpose in the other half-shell 35b.

[0130] The advantage provided by mounting component 300 is that the positioning and orientation of pockets 41 and 43 also determines the positioning and orientation of the inserted optical components relative to each other and relative to optical axes A1 and A2.

[0131] Another advantage is that by arranging the second half-shell 35b on top of the equipped half-shell 35a, a robust, easy-to-handle housing that can be inserted as a module into measuring equipment (such as...) is formed. Figure 3 The components within the housing 23) of the measuring device 200 shown. Regarding this, Figure 7 It shows Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the measuring device 200 shown, wherein, is enclosed by Figure 1The mounting bracket 300 of the optical components of the optical system 100 shown is arranged in the housing 31 of the measuring device 200.

[0132] Mounting component 300 has the advantages described above. Optionally, individual components and / or areas of mounting component 300 may each have different embodiments that can be used individually and / or in combination with each other.

[0133] One embodiment includes half-shells 35a, 35b that are generally or at least in the region of pockets 41, 43 that are elastically deformable, such that the outer edge of the optical component can be or is clamped in pockets 41, 43.

[0134] This can be achieved, for example, by the half-shells 35a, 35b being made entirely or at least partially of a material that is elastically deformable (such as plastic) in the area of ​​pockets 41, 43 and / or having a shape in the area of ​​pockets 41, 43 that allows or enables clamping of the outer edges of the optical components. The clamping of the optical components in pockets 41, 43 provides the advantage of compensating for any existing manufacturing tolerances, and the optical components are secured in pockets 41, 43.

[0135] Another embodiment includes adjacent recesses 37a, 39a, 37b, 39b of each half-shell 35a, 35b separated from each other by a spacer 45 arranged between them—such as a spacer 45 extending along the entire length of these recesses 37a, 39a, 37b, 39b. The spacer 45 of the half-shells 35a, 35b is preferably designed such that when the two half-shells 35a, 35b are arranged on top of each other in a manner that their recesses 37a, 39a, 37b are paired opposite each other, they are paired abutting each other.

[0136] The advantage provided by the separator 45 is that it provides shielding between signal paths 1 and 3 extending along the optical axes A1 and A2.

[0137] Depending on the design of the optical system 100, if necessary, the half-shells 35a and 35b are designed, for example, such that two adjacent channels surrounded by half-shells 35a and 35b, which are arranged on top of each other and each extend parallel to one of the optical axes A1 and A2, are connected by channel openings for a connection path extending from one of the optical axes A1 to the other optical axis A2. This is in Figure 5 and Figure 6 Used by Figure 1 An example of the channel opening of the connection path formed here for the useful signal path 11 of the optical system 100 is shown.

[0138] In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the separator 45 of each of the half-shells 35a and 35b has recesses 47a and 47b in the region intersecting the connection path. These recesses 47a and 47b are designed, for example, such that when one of the half-shells 35a and 35b is arranged on top of the other, they form a channel opening. The channel opening has, for example, a longitudinal axis extending coaxially with the connection path.

[0139] Alternatively or additionally, the mounting element 300 is designed, for example, such that the half-shells 35a and 35b can be mechanically connected to each other or be mechanically connected to each other.

[0140] Such a connection can be achieved, for example, by gluing the half-shells 35a and 35b together, by threading them together, by joining or bonding processes such as welding, and / or in another way.

[0141] Alternatively or additionally, the mounting element 300 is designed, for example, such that the half-shells 35a and 35b have mutually complementary plug connector elements 49 and 51, which can be connected or linked to each other. This provides the advantage of ensuring precise orientation of the two half-shells 35a and 35b relative to each other.

[0142] Figure 5 and 6 An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the half-shells 35a, 35b include plug connector elements 49, 51 disposed on the end faces of the separator 45 of the half-shells 35a, 35b. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment includes: at least one plug connector element 49 designed as a tongue on a partition 45 of one half-shell 35a or on each partition 45, and the other half-shell 35b includes a plug connector element 51 complementary to it for each tongue, the plug connector element 51 being designed as a recess. Figure 5 and Figure 6 An exemplary embodiment is shown, wherein the arrangement is in Figure 5 The partition 45 of the half-shell 35a shown is arranged accordingly. Figure 6 The tongues on the grooves provided in the partitions 45 of the other half-shell 35b shown extend along the entire length of the corresponding partition 45.

[0143] The connector elements 49, 51, designed as tongues and recesses, offer the advantage that by inserting the tongue or each tongue into the associated recess, a high-quality optical shield extending along the entire length of the spacer 45 is ensured between the channels adjacent to the spacer 45 on both sides, even though the spacer 45 is not located on top of each other's entire surface due to manufacturing tolerances.

[0144] Alternatively or additionally, the connection of the half-shells 35a, 35b is achieved, or at least aided, by a mounting member 300 including a sleeve 53, such that the half-shells 35a, 35b arranged one on the other can be or be inserted into the sleeve 53, such that the half-shells 35a, 35b are held together by the sleeve 53. Figure 7 An embodiment is shown in which the mounting member 300, inserted as a component into the housing 23, includes a sleeve 53 and two half-shells 35a, 35b, in which one half-shell is arranged on top of the other.

[0145] Optionally, the half-shells 35a and 35b are designed, for example, such that the half-shells 35a and 35b arranged on top of each other can be clamped or held in the sleeve 53. This can be achieved, for example, because the half-shells 35a and 35b are made wholly or at least partially of a material that is at least elastically deformable to some extent, such as plastic, and / or have a shape that enables and / or allows the half-shells 35a and 35b arranged on top of each other to be clamped in the sleeve 53.

[0146] At least to some extent, the elastic clamping of the half-shells 35a, 35b arranged on top of each other in sleeve 53 provides the advantage of compensating for any existing manufacturing tolerances and protecting the optical components arranged in mounting 300 from thermomechanical stress.

[0147] Alternatively, the half-shells 35a and 35b are designed, for example, to have protrusions and / or webs on their external protrusions 57 and 59, the protrusions and / or webs being designed and arranged to cooperate with sleeves 53 surrounding the half-shells 35a and 35b arranged on top of each other, thereby clamping the optical components to the outside of the half-shells 35a and 35b.

[0148] Figure 4 An embodiment is shown in which each half-shell 35a, 35 has structures 57, 59 that each includes at least one structure 57, 59 for inserting or being inserted into each optical component, the structure projecting outward relative to the shell region of the corresponding half-shell 35a, 35b, wherein recesses 41, 43 for the corresponding optical component are arranged internally. In a variation of this embodiment, structures 57, 59 are designed, for example, as elongated structural elements extending in a direction corresponding to the orientation of the optical component, which may be or be inserted into pockets 41, 43.

[0149] In this respect, for each optical component oriented perpendicular to one of the optical axes A1 and A2, the half-shells 35a and 35b each include at least one structure 57 oriented parallel to the corresponding optical axis A1 or A2. This is in Figure 4 Used for clamping Figure 1 The collimation device 15 shown Figure 1 The optical device 17 shown Figure 1 The focusing device 19 shown is Figure 1 An example illustration of the structure 57 of the component of the additional filter 21 shown, each of which extends parallel to the associated optical axes A1, A2.

[0150] Similarly, for each component tilted relative to one of the optical axes A1 and A2, the half-shells 35a and 35b each include a structure 59 tilted relative to the corresponding optical axis A1 or A2 at an angle specified for the corresponding component. This is in Figure 4 An example of a structure 59 is shown that provides a filter 5 tilted relative to a first optical axis A1 and a reflector 13 tilted relative to a second optical axis A2. Each structure is tilted relative to the corresponding optical axes A1, A2 at an angle that provides for optical components that can be inserted into or inserted therein.

[0151] However, alternatively, the external clamping of the optical components in the half-shells 35a, 35b arranged on top of each other can also be achieved in another way. Figure 8 Such an embodiment is shown, wherein in Figure 8 China and Israel (previous reference) Figure 5 and Figure 6 The half-shells 35a, 35a arranged on top of each other in the manner described have openings 61, 63, 65 on the outside adjacent to channels formed by recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b.

[0152] Here, the openings 61, 63, 65 of each half-shell 35a, 35b are designed and arranged such that at least two openings 61, 63, 65 distributed around the outer edge in a circumferential direction are inserted adjacently into the outer edge of each optical component in the half-shell 35a, 35b arranged on top of each other, with each opening exposing a portion of the outer edge.

[0153] like Figure 8 As shown, the openings 61, 63, 65 distributed around the outer edge of each optical component include, for example, at least two openings 61, 63, 65 arranged on opposite sides of the outer edge of the corresponding component, such as openings 61, 63, 65 arranged in one half-shell 35a and openings 61, 63, 65 arranged in the other half-shell 35b.

[0154] These openings 61, 63, and 65 are designed, for example, as slotted openings, each extending parallel to one of the optical axes A1 and A2. Alternatively or additionally, the openings 61, 63, and 65 of each half-shell 35a and 35b include, for example, at least one opening 61, at least one opening 63, and / or at least one opening 65, each opening 61 exposing a portion of the outer edge of a single component, each opening 63 exposing a portion of the outer edge of at least two optical components, and at least one opening 65 extending over the entire length of one of the half-shells 35a and 35b. As an exemplary embodiment, Figure 8 An opening 61 is shown that exposes only a portion of the outer edge of the optics 17, an opening 63 that exposes a portion of the outer edge of the collimator 15 and a portion of the outer edge of the tilted filter 5, and an opening 65 that exposes a portion of the outer edge of the reflector 13, the focusing device 19 and the additional filter 21 and extends along the entire length of the corresponding half-shells 35a, 35b.

[0155] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the optical components are clamped in the mounting 300, or at least facilitated by molding seals 67, 69, 71 being inserted into each opening 61, 63, 65, and the molding seals 67, 69, 71 are clamped between the outer edge of the adjacent optical component and the sleeve 53 on the inside by inserting one half-shell 35a, 35b arranged on top of the other into the sleeve 53.

[0156] The advantage provided by the external clamping of the optical component by the sleeve 53 and the shaped seals 67, 69, 71 is that the shaped seals 67, 69, 71 compensate for any existing manufacturing tolerances and protect the optical component from thermomechanical stress.

[0157] Reference symbol flip list

[0158] 100 Optical System 37b Recess

[0159] 200 Measuring device 39a Recess

[0160] 300 shell 39 recess

[0161] 1. First signal path 41 pocket

[0162] 3 Second signal path 43 pocket

[0163] 5 filters 45 separators

[0164] 7. Transmission path 47a recess

[0165] 9. Bidirectional path 47b recess

[0166] 11 Useful Signal Paths 49 Plug Connector Components

[0167] 13 reflectors, 51 plug connector components

[0168] 15 collimation equipment 53 sleeves

[0169] 17 Optical Equipment 57 Structure

[0170] 19 Focusing equipment 59 Structure

[0171] 21 Additional filters 61 openings

[0172] 23 shell, 63 openings

[0173] 25 transmission equipment 65 opening

[0174] 27 Radiation source 67 Molded seal

[0175] 29 Testing equipment 69 Molded seals

[0176] 31 Evaluation device 71 Molded seal

[0177] 33 Process Interface 10 Inputs

[0178] 35a half-shell 20 interface

[0179] 35b half-shell 30 output

[0180] 37a recess

Claims

1. An optical system (100) for a measuring device (200), said measuring device for optically measuring at least one measurement variable of a medium, the variable being capable of being captured by a measurement technique based on useful radiation (LN), said useful radiation (LN) being generated by wavelength-varying interactions and included in measurement radiation (LM) generated by the interaction of excitation radiation (LA) with said medium, wherein, The optical system (100): Includes a first signal path (1) extending along a first optical axis (A1) and a filter (5) inserted into the first signal path (1), wherein the filter (5): The first signal path (1) is divided into a unidirectional transmission path (7) and a bidirectional path (9) for transmitting the excitation radiation (LA) and receiving the measurement radiation (LM). Designed as a bandpass interference filter, and Tilt relative to the first optical axis (A1), such that the tilt angle is different from zero degrees ( The normal vector of the tilted filter (5) is surrounded between the first optical axis (A1), wherein the tilt angle ( The size of the tilted filter (5) is determined by a fixed dimension. The signal component located within the passband of the tilted filter (5) of the transmission radiation (l) supplied to the transmission path (7) is used as excitation radiation (LA), and The signal component of the measured radiation (LM) that is incident on the filter (5) via the bidirectional path (9) and generated by the interaction of the transmitted excitation radiation (LA) with the medium, located outside the passband of the tilted filter (5), is made available as useful radiation (LN).

2. The optical system (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The tilt angle ( The tilt angle is greater than or equal to 5°, and the tilt angle is ( ) less than or equal to 45°, less than or equal to 35°, or less than or equal to 20°.

3. The optical system (100) according to claims 1 to 2, wherein, The tilt angle ( The size is determined such that the center wavelength of the tilted filter (5) is ( ) corresponds to the target wavelength specified for the excitation radiation (LA). ).

4. The optical system (100) according to claims 1 to 3, wherein: A collimating device (15) is inserted into the transmission path (7), the collimating device being designed to collimate the transmitted radiation (L) fed into the transmission path (7), wherein the collimating device (15) includes at least one optical component and / or lens, and / or An optical device (17) is inserted into the bidirectional path (9), the optical device being designed to focus excitation radiation (LA) emitted from the optical system (100) via the bidirectional path (9) onto a region (P1) located outside the optical system (100), and to collimate measurement radiation (LM) entering the bidirectional path (9) from the region (P1), wherein the optical device (17) includes at least one optical component, a lens and / or an objective lens.

5. The optical system (100) according to claims 1 to 4, comprising a second signal path (3) extending along a second optical axis (A2) or parallel to the first optical axis (A1), and in the system: The reflector (13) is inserted into the second signal path (3) at its end, and The reflector (13) is arranged relative to the inclined filter (5) and tilted relative to the second optical axis (A2) such that useful radiation (LN) reflected by the inclined filter (5) is incident on the reflector (13) and reflected in a direction parallel to the second optical axis (A2).

6. The optical system (100) according to claim 5, wherein: A focusing device (19) is inserted into the second signal path (3), the focusing device being designed to focus useful radiation (LN) emitted from the optical system (100) via the second signal path (3) onto a region (P2) located inside or outside the optical system (100), wherein the focusing device (19) includes at least one optical component and / or lens (19a), and / or An additional filter (21) is inserted into the second signal path (3), which limits the wavelength range of the useful radiation (LN) transmitted through the additional filter (21) to the measurement wavelength range specified according to the measurement variable to be measured.

7. A mounting (300) for an optical system (100) according to claims 5 to 6, the system comprising at least one optical component arranged in a first signal path (1) extending along a first optical axis (A1) and at least one optical component arranged in a second signal path (3) extending along a second optical axis (A2) or along a second optical axis (A2) parallel to the first optical axis (A1), wherein, The mounting component (300) comprises two half-shells (35a, 35b), wherein: Each half-shell (35a, 35b) has a recess (37a, 37b) extending parallel to the optical axis (A1, A2) for each optical axis (A1, A2). The half-shells (35a, 35b) can be positioned or positioned on top of each other such that each pair of recesses (37a, 37b, 39a, 39b) arranged on top of each other, formed by two opposing adjacent recesses (37a, 37b, 39a, 39b), in each case forms a channel whose longitudinal axis is coaxial with one of the optical axes (A1, A2). Each half-shell (35a, 35b) of each optical component of the optical system (100) has a pocket (41, 43) adjacent to one of the recesses (37a, 37b, 39a, 39b), and a portion of the outer edge of the corresponding optical component can be inserted into or into the pocket. Each pocket (41, 43) is arranged at a position provided for the corresponding optical component, which can be inserted into or within the optical system (100) in an orientation specified for the optical component relative to the optical axis (A1, A2) extending through the optical system (100).

8. The mounting component (300) according to claim 7, wherein: The adjacent recesses (37a, 37b, 39a, 39b) of each half-shell (35a, 35b) are separated from each other by a spacer (45) disposed therebetween. The half-shells (35a, 35b) are designed such that: The separators (45) of the half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other are adjacent to each other. The separator (45) extends along the entire length of the adjacent recesses (37a, 39a, 37b, 39b), and / or In each of the partitions (45) of the half-shells (35a, 35b), a recess (47a, 47b) is provided, the recesses (47a, 47b) being designed such that adjacent recesses (47a, 47b) of the half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other form channel openings for a connection path extending from one optical axis (A1) to the other optical axis (A2), and / or The half-shells (35a, 35b) can be connected to each other or to each other by means of mutually complementary plug connector elements (49, 51) arranged on the end faces of the separators (45) of the half-shells (35a, 35b).

9. The mounting component (300) according to claims 7 to 8, wherein: The adjacent recesses (37a, 37b, 39a, 39b) of each half-shell (35a, 35b) are separated from each other by a spacer (45) arranged therebetween, and As a tongue extending over the entire length of the separator (45), or at least one plug connector element (49) designed as a tongue, is arranged on the separator (45) of at least one half of the two half-shells (35a), and the separator (45) of the other half-shell (35b) includes a plug connector element (51) designed as a groove for each plug connector element (49) designed as a tongue.

10. The mounting member (300) according to claims 7 to 9, comprising a sleeve (53), and wherein in said sleeve: The half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other can be inserted into or into the sleeve (53), and / or The half-shells (35a, 35b) are designed such that The half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other can be inserted into or into the sleeve (53), and / or They are composed entirely or at least partially of a resilient deformable material or resilient deformable plastic and / or have a shape that enables and / or allows the half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other to be clamped in the sleeve (53).

11. The mounting component (300) according to claim 10, wherein, The half-shells (35a, 35b) have protruding structures (57, 59) on their outer sides and / or are designed as protrusions, connecting elements or elongated structural elements (57, 59), which are designed and arranged such that, in cooperation with the sleeves (53) surrounding the half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other, they achieve external clamping of the optical components arranged in the half-shells (35a, 35) arranged on top of each other.

12. The mounting component (300) according to claim 11, wherein: The structures (57, 59) of each half-shell (35a, 35) for each optical component include: at least one structure (57, 59) projecting outward relative to the shell region of the corresponding half-shell (35a, 35b), pockets (41, 43) for the optical component being disposed within the shell region, and / or For at least one optical component or each optical component oriented perpendicular to one of the optical axes (A1, A2) in the optical system (100), each of the half-shells (35a, 35b) includes at least one structure (57) extending parallel to the optical axis (A1, A2), and / or For at least one or each optical component in the optical system (100) that is tilted at an angle specified for the corresponding component relative to one of the optical axes (A1, A2), each of the half-shells (35a, 35b) includes a structure (59) extending at an angle specified for the component relative to the corresponding optical axis (A1, A2).

13. The mounting component (300) according to claim 10, wherein: The half-shells (35a, 35b) have openings (61, 63, 65) into which shaped seals (67, 69, 71) can be inserted or inserted into. The openings (61, 63, 65) of each half-shell (35a, 35b) are designed and arranged such that at least two openings (61, 63, 65) distributed circumferentially around the outer edge are adjacently inserted into the outer edge of each optical component in the half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other, each opening exposing a portion of the outer edge of the optical component, and With the optical component inserted therein and the shaped seals (67, 69, 71) inserted into the openings (61, 63, 65), the half-shells (35a, 35b) arranged on top of each other can be inserted into or into the sleeve (53) such that the shaped seals (67, 69, 71) are internally clamped adjacent to each other between the portion of the outer edge of the optical component and the sleeve (53).

14. The mounting component (300) according to claims 7 to 13, wherein: The half-shells (35a, 35b) are elastically deformable at least in the region of the pockets (41, 43), allowing the optical components to be held in or within the pockets (41, 43). The half-shells (35a, 35b) are integrally or at least in the area of ​​the pockets (41, 43) composed of a resiliently deformable material or resiliently deformable plastic, and / or have a shape in the area of ​​the pockets (41, 43) that enables and / or allows clamping of the optical components, and / or The half-shells (35a, 35b) include complementary plug connector elements (49, 51) through which the half-shells (35a, 35b) can be mechanically connected to each other or to each other.

15. A measuring device (200) for measuring at least one measuring variable of a medium using an optical system (100) according to claims 1 to 6, said device: Including a housing (23), the optical system (100) is arranged within the housing (23). Includes a transmission device (25) having a radiation source (27), said radiation source (27) being designed to feed the transmission radiation (L) generated by said radiation source (27) into the transmission path (7) of said optical system (100), and Includes a detection device (31) designed to receive useful radiation (LN) emitted by an optical system (100), and to determine and provide at least one characteristic of the useful radiation (LN) depending on the measurement variable.

16. The measuring device (200) according to claim 15, wherein the measuring device (200) has a mounting element (300) according to claims 7 to 14.

17. The measuring device (200) according to claims 15 to 16, wherein the measuring device: Includes a transparent process interface (33), through which the measuring device (200) transmits excitation radiation (LA) into the medium and receives measurement radiation (LM) generated by the interaction between the transmitted excitation radiation (LA) and the medium. The device includes an evaluation device (31) that can be connected to or connected to the detection device (29), and the evaluation device is designed to determine and provide measurement results (MR) of the measurement variable based on one or more characteristics of the useful radiation (LN) determined by the detection device (29). Designed as a fluorescence measurement device or a Raman spectrometer measurement device, and / or Designed as a fluorescence measurement device to enable: The radiation source (27) is designed to generate transmission radiation (L) in a wavelength range matching the fluorescent component of the medium and / or in a wavelength range of 180 nm to 1200 nm, and / or The tilt angle ( The size is fixed so that the tilted filter (5) has a wavelength corresponding to the desired wavelength. The center wavelength of ) ), using the required wavelength ( It can excite the fluorescent components of the medium into fluorescence.

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