A through-method ultrasonic detection water flow stabilizing device and pipeline flow velocity measuring method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of water flow steady device and pipeline flow rate measurement method of through method ultrasonic testing, signal stability: eliminate the acoustic velocity fluctuation and signal amplitude / phase jitter caused by water flow turbulence, temperature change, bubble generation;Detection reliability: for C-scan imaging quantitative detection provides repeatable acoustic environment;Detection curved surface parts, probe angle will change at any time, water flow steady device will be according to the angle of probe, real-time adjustment water flow size, ensure the transmission stability of ultrasonic signal;Pressure detection side, flow detection system forms closed loop (PID), pressure sensor and the frequency conversion water pump of water supply form closed loop, guarantee the constant pressure of entering;Flow detection and proportional valve form closed loop, guarantee the water flow size of spouting implement controllable;The method used in different section shape and water flow distribution conditions, optimize the propagation path of ultrasonic wave and accurately reflect overall flow rate, become the stability and precision of through method ultrasonic testing technology promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultrasonic testing technology, and in particular to a through-hole ultrasonic testing device for water flow stabilization and a method for measuring pipeline flow velocity. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic C-scanning is a common non-destructive testing (NDT) method for complex components, and water jet coupling is the most commonly used coupling method in ultrasonic NDT, suitable for the NDT of large and complex components, capable of detecting various defects in large and complex components. Ultrasonic testing requires coupling methods such as water jet coupling or water immersion coupling, using coupling fluids such as water or oil to transmit sound waves between the probe and the workpiece being tested. To improve the accuracy of ultrasonic C-scanning, early research was conducted on the selection of coupling methods and coupling fluids for ultrasonic C-scanning. Since large and complex components are not suitable for water immersion coupling, and some small components are not suitable for prolonged immersion in water, water jet coupling is now commonly used in ultrasonic testing. Due to the practicality of water jet coupling, water jet coupled ultrasonic C-scanning technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and many Chinese and foreign companies have begun to use large-scale water jet ultrasonic C-scanning technology to inspect large composite material components.

[0003] Currently, water jet coupling still has certain drawbacks. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing has high requirements for signal transmission, and the ultrasonic testing of complex-shaped composite components often affects the testing results due to significant signal attenuation. In particular, compared with water immersion ultrasonic testing technology, the acoustic coupling stability of water jet coupled ultrasound is not high. Therefore, researching and improving the acoustic coupling stability of water jet coupled ultrasound testing is crucial for this application. The acoustic coupling stability of water jet ultrasound is directly related to the "mass" of the coupling water column. The selected coupling fluid, the flow state of the coupling fluid, the generated bubbles, flow velocity, and other factors all affect the water column mass. These factors are all related to the design of the water jet system.

[0004] Ultrasonic C-scan water jet coupling is best suited for water column state of laminar flow to transmit ultrasonic signals. When in laminar flow, the shape and integrity of the water column are better, and the splashing caused by the water column spraying onto the workpiece surface is also less. At this time, the sound field of the ultrasonic signal is more stable, and the ultrasonic wave transmission state is better. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a water flow stabilization device for through-hole ultrasonic testing to achieve laminar flow of the water coupling layer.

[0005] Furthermore, current water flow detection methods often struggle to adapt to varying pipe shapes and flow conditions in complex environments. Many traditional solutions focus on performance in a single scenario during design, neglecting interference from differences in pipe cross-sectional shape and water flow distribution. This limitation leads to deviations in detection results in non-standard environments, especially when pipe shapes are irregular or water flow velocity distribution is uneven, significantly affecting the propagation path and reception quality of ultrasonic signals.

[0006] Focusing on the technical challenges, the diversity of pipe cross-sectional shapes is the primary hurdle. Different cross-sectional shapes, such as circular or rectangular, alter the propagation trajectory of ultrasonic waves in water flow, leading to varying signal attenuation and interference during transmission. This shape difference further raises another core issue: the non-uniformity of water velocity distribution. Within the same cross-section, water velocity can differ significantly depending on proximity to the pipe wall or the center. This non-uniformity directly affects the accurate measurement of ultrasonic wave propagation time, thus interfering with the final flow velocity calculation. For example, in a rectangular pipe, the water velocity near the corners is often slower, while the velocity in the central area is faster. If the ultrasonic wave path fails to adequately cover the entire cross-section, the measured data cannot accurately reflect the overall flow velocity.

[0007] Therefore, optimizing the propagation path of ultrasonic waves and accurately reflecting the overall flow velocity under different cross-sectional shapes and water flow distribution conditions has become a key issue in improving the stability and accuracy of through-hole ultrasonic testing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a device for detecting water flow stability using a through-hole ultrasonic method and a method for measuring pipeline flow velocity, which effectively solves problems in business scenarios such as uneven flow velocity distribution in pipelines, insufficient ultrasonic path coverage, and signal propagation time deviation.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a through-hole ultrasonic testing device for water flow stability, the innovation of which is: including a water flow pipe, an inlet filter, a flow regulation module, a detection module, an exhaust module and a flow meter; The water flow pipe is U-shaped and mounted on a mounting plate; the inlet and outlet ends of the water flow pipe are located on the same side of the mounting plate; the inlet end of the water flow pipe is used to connect to a variable frequency high-pressure water pump, and a detection probe is installed at the outlet end of the water flow pipe. The water flow pipeline is provided with an inlet filter, a detection module, a flow regulation module, an exhaust module, and a flow meter in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end; The inlet filter is connected in series with the water flow pipe and is used to filter the water flow in the inlet water flow pipe; The detection module is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe and is used to perform pressure detection and ultraviolet sterilization on the water flow in the water flow pipe. The flow regulation module is connected in parallel to the water pipe and is used to regulate the flow rate of the water in the water pipe. The exhaust module is connected in series with the water pipe to exhaust the air inside the water pipe; The flow meter is installed at the outlet end of the water pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection module includes a water pressure sensor and an ultraviolet sterilizer; the water pressure sensor is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe, and is used to measure the water flow pressure in the water flow pipe and establish a closed-loop PID control with the variable frequency high-pressure water pump to ensure a constant water pressure in the water flow pipe; the ultraviolet sterilizer is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe, and uses ultraviolet lamps to irradiate the water flow in the water flow pipe for sterilization.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow regulation module includes a pneumatic proportional valve and a proportional shut-off valve; the pneumatic proportional valve and the proportional shut-off valve are used in combination, the pneumatic proportional valve controls the flow of water in the water pipe, and the proportional shut-off valve is used to cut off the flow of water in the water pipe at any time; the flow regulation module establishes closed-loop PID control with the flow meter.

[0012] Furthermore, the exhaust module is an automatic exhaust valve, which is connected in series on the water flow pipe, and the automatic exhaust valve is connected in parallel with the output end of the water inlet filter via a connecting pipe.

[0013] An innovative method for measuring pipeline flow velocity using a through-hole ultrasonic testing technique includes: By scanning the cross-sectional image data of the water flow pipeline of the equipment and performing digital processing, the pipeline shape parameters and boundary coordinate set are obtained; A three-dimensional mesh model is constructed based on the obtained pipe shape parameters and boundary coordinate set to determine the geometric distribution characteristics of the water flow region; An adaptive path algorithm is used to iteratively calculate the geometric distribution features in the 3D mesh model to obtain an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; If the path coverage in the initial set of candidate ultrasonic propagation paths is lower than a preset threshold, the path distribution is adjusted by adding emission points to obtain an optimized path set. For the optimized path set, simulate the non-uniform distribution of water flow velocity, determine the velocity gradient change and integrate it into the path parameters, and determine the signal propagation time deviation of each path. The determined signal propagation time deviation is compensated and corrected by the velocity distribution model to obtain the corrected overall velocity estimate. By comparing and fusing the corrected overall flow velocity estimate with real-time ultrasonic signal data, the detection deviation is determined and the path optimization parameters are iteratively updated to obtain the final stable flow velocity measurement result.

[0014] Furthermore, the adaptive path algorithm is used to iteratively calculate the geometric distribution features in the 3D mesh model to obtain an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; the specific calculation is as follows:

[0015] in, This represents the j-th candidate ultrasonic wave propagation path generated in the t-th iteration. Indicates the adaptive step size parameter. Represents geometric distribution data based on three-dimensional mesh The loss function is the gradient of the path, and the geometric distribution data is processed through multiple iterations to generate an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; This includes: iteratively processing the geometric distribution data in a 3D mesh using an adaptive path algorithm to generate a set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; Based on the generated candidate set, the paths are initially classified using pre-established filtering rules to obtain the classified path groups; For the classified paths, data processing tools are used to extract features from the geometric distribution data of each group of paths to determine the spatial orientation features of each group of paths. If the extracted spatial orientation features do not match the preset threshold range, new path groups are generated by adjusting the classification criteria for path grouping. Based on the regenerated path grouping, obtain the matching data of the spatial orientation characteristics and 3D mesh structure of each path group, and determine whether the degree of matching meets the preset conditions. If the matching degree does not meet the preset conditions, the spatial orientation features of the path grouping will be extracted a second time in the information processing stage to obtain more accurate feature data. By using the feature data extracted in the second step, local path optimization is performed on the three-dimensional mesh structure to determine the final set of ultrasonic wave propagation paths.

[0016] Furthermore, the step of compensating and correcting the determined signal propagation time deviation using a flow velocity distribution model to obtain a corrected overall flow velocity estimate includes: Obtain the signal propagation time deviation and the output data of the preset flow velocity distribution model; the formula is as follows:

[0017] The signal propagation time deviation is represented by f, which represents the preset flow velocity distribution model. This represents the velocity distribution data output by the model, and the formula shows the correspondence between the time deviation and the model output data. Based on the time deviation and the model output data, calculate the compensation term for the deviation on the model parameters;

[0018] p' represents the updated correction parameter, and p represents the original correction parameter. This represents the compensation term for the model parameters calculated based on the time deviation. This formula indicates that the correction parameters of the preset velocity distribution model are updated using the compensation term. The correction parameters of the preset velocity distribution model are updated using a compensation term; Input the updated correction parameters into the velocity distribution model and perform model calculations. The model calculations generate a new set of velocity estimates, and this set of values ​​is determined to be the overall velocity estimate. If the standard deviation of the spatial distribution of the overall flow velocity estimate is greater than a preset threshold, the Kalman filter algorithm is used to smooth the estimated value sequence.

[0019] The advantages of this invention are: 1) Signal stability in this invention: eliminates sound velocity fluctuations and signal amplitude / phase jitter caused by water turbulence, temperature changes, and bubble generation; Detection reliability: provides a repeatable acoustic environment for quantitative detection such as C-scan imaging; When detecting curved parts, the probe angle will change at any time, and the water flow stabilization device must adjust the water flow in real time according to the probe angle to ensure stable transmission of ultrasonic signals; The pressure detection and flow detection system form a closed loop (PID), with the pressure sensor and the variable frequency water pump forming a closed loop to ensure constant incoming pressure; The flow detection and proportional valve form a closed loop to ensure that the amount of water sprayed out is controllable.

[0020] 2) This invention acquires cross-sectional image data of the pipeline and constructs a three-dimensional mesh model to accurately depict the geometric distribution characteristics of the water flow area. An adaptive path algorithm is used to generate candidate ultrasonic propagation paths, and the path coverage is optimized by increasing the number of transmission points to address the problem of insufficient paths. Simultaneously, to address the uneven distribution of water flow velocity, velocity gradient changes are simulated and integrated into the path parameters. A flow velocity distribution model is used to compensate for and correct signal propagation time deviations. Finally, by comparing and fusing real-time ultrasonic signal data, the path parameters are iteratively updated to obtain stable flow velocity measurement results. This invention significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of through-hole ultrasonic testing for water flow velocity measurement in complex pipeline environments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a through-hole ultrasonic testing device for water flow stability according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for measuring pipeline flow velocity using ultrasonic testing via a through-hole method according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 Another flowchart of a through-hole ultrasonic testing method for measuring pipeline flow velocity according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 The device shown is a through-hole ultrasonic testing device for stabilizing water flow, comprising a water flow pipe 1, an inlet filter 2, a flow regulation module 3, a testing module 4, an exhaust module 5, and a flow meter 6.

[0028] The water flow pipe 1 is U-shaped and mounted on a mounting plate; the inlet and outlet ends of the water flow pipe 1 are located on the same side of the mounting plate; the inlet end of the water flow pipe 1 is used to connect to the variable frequency high-pressure water pump, and a detection probe is installed at the outlet end of the water flow pipe 1.

[0029] The water flow pipe 1 is equipped with an inlet filter 2, a detection module 4, a flow regulation module 3, an exhaust module 5, and a flow meter 6 in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0030] The inlet filter 2 is connected in series with the water flow pipe 1 to filter the water flow entering the water flow pipe 1.

[0031] The detection module 4 is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe 1 and is used to detect the pressure of the water flow in the water flow pipe 1 and perform ultraviolet sterilization. The detection module 4 includes a water pressure sensor 41 and an ultraviolet sterilizer 42. The water pressure sensor 41 is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe and is used to measure the water pressure in the water flow pipe 1 and establish a closed-loop PID control with the variable frequency high-pressure water pump to ensure a constant water pressure in the water flow pipe 1. The ultraviolet sterilizer 42 is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe 1 and uses an ultraviolet lamp to irradiate the water flow in the water flow pipe 1 for sterilization.

[0032] The flow regulation module 3 is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe 1 and is used to regulate the flow rate of the water in the water flow pipe 1. The flow regulation module 3 includes a pneumatic proportional valve 31 and a proportional shut-off valve 32. The pneumatic proportional valve 31 and the proportional shut-off valve 32 are used together. The pneumatic proportional valve 31 controls the flow rate of the water in the water flow pipe 1, and the proportional shut-off valve 32 is used to cut off the flow rate of the water in the water flow pipe 1 at any time. The flow regulation module 3 and the flow meter 6 establish a closed-loop PID control.

[0033] The exhaust module 5 is an automatic exhaust valve, which is connected in series on the water flow pipe, and the automatic exhaust valve and the output end of the inlet filter 2 are connected in parallel by a connecting pipe.

[0034] The flow meter 6 is installed at the outlet end of the water pipe.

[0035] like Figure 2 The method for measuring pipeline flow velocity using the through-hole ultrasonic testing method, as shown, includes: By scanning the cross-sectional image data of the water flow pipeline of the equipment and performing digital processing, the pipeline shape parameters and boundary coordinate set are obtained; A three-dimensional mesh model is constructed based on the obtained pipe shape parameters and boundary coordinate set to determine the geometric distribution characteristics of the water flow region; An adaptive path algorithm is used to iteratively calculate the geometric distribution features in the 3D mesh model to obtain an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; If the path coverage in the initial set of candidate ultrasonic propagation paths is lower than a preset threshold, the path distribution is adjusted by adding emission points to obtain an optimized path set. For the optimized path set, simulate the non-uniform distribution of water flow velocity, determine the velocity gradient change and integrate it into the path parameters, and determine the signal propagation time deviation of each path. The determined signal propagation time deviation is compensated and corrected by the velocity distribution model to obtain the corrected overall velocity estimate. By comparing and fusing the corrected overall flow velocity estimate with real-time ultrasonic signal data, the detection deviation is determined and the path optimization parameters are iteratively updated to obtain the final stable flow velocity measurement result.

[0036] like Figure 3 The adaptive path algorithm is used to iteratively calculate the geometric distribution features in the 3D mesh model, obtaining an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; the specific calculation is as follows:

[0037] in, This represents the j-th candidate ultrasonic wave propagation path generated in the t-th iteration. Indicates the adaptive step size parameter. Represents geometric distribution data based on three-dimensional mesh The loss function is the gradient of the path, and the geometric distribution data is processed through multiple iterations to generate an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; This includes: iteratively processing the geometric distribution data in a 3D mesh using an adaptive path algorithm to generate a set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; Based on the generated candidate set, the paths are initially classified using pre-established filtering rules to obtain the classified path groups; For the classified paths, data processing tools are used to extract features from the geometric distribution data of each group of paths to determine the spatial orientation features of each group of paths. If the extracted spatial orientation features do not match the preset threshold range, new path groups are generated by adjusting the classification criteria for path grouping. Based on the regenerated path grouping, obtain the matching data of the spatial orientation characteristics and 3D mesh structure of each path group, and determine whether the degree of matching meets the preset conditions. If the matching degree does not meet the preset conditions, the spatial orientation features of the path grouping will be extracted a second time in the information processing stage to obtain more accurate feature data. By using the feature data extracted in the second step, local path optimization is performed on the three-dimensional mesh structure to determine the final set of ultrasonic wave propagation paths.

[0038] The determined signal propagation time deviation is compensated and corrected using a velocity distribution model to obtain a corrected overall velocity estimate, including: Obtain the signal propagation time deviation and the output data of the preset flow velocity distribution model; the formula is as follows:

[0039] The signal propagation time deviation is represented by f, which represents the preset flow velocity distribution model. This represents the velocity distribution data output by the model, and the formula shows the correspondence between the time deviation and the model output data. Based on the time deviation and the model output data, calculate the compensation term for the deviation on the model parameters;

[0040] p' represents the updated correction parameter, and p represents the original correction parameter. This represents the compensation term for the model parameters calculated based on the time deviation. This formula indicates that the correction parameters of the preset velocity distribution model are updated using the compensation term. The correction parameters of the preset velocity distribution model are updated using a compensation term; Input the updated correction parameters into the velocity distribution model and perform model calculations. The model calculations generate a new set of velocity estimates, and this set of values ​​is determined to be the overall velocity estimate. If the standard deviation of the spatial distribution of the overall flow velocity estimate is greater than a preset threshold, the Kalman filter algorithm is used to smooth the estimated value sequence.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Signal stability: Eliminates sound velocity fluctuations and signal amplitude / phase jitter caused by water turbulence, temperature changes, and bubble generation; Detection reliability: Provides a repeatable acoustic environment for quantitative detection such as C-scan imaging; When detecting curved parts, the probe angle will change at any time, and the water flow stabilization device must adjust the water flow in real time according to the probe angle to ensure stable transmission of ultrasonic signals; The pressure detection and flow detection system form a closed loop (PID), with the pressure sensor and the variable frequency water pump forming a closed loop to ensure constant incoming pressure; The flow detection and proportional valve form a closed loop to ensure that the amount of water sprayed out is controllable.

[0042] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A device for detecting water flow stability using a through-hole ultrasonic testing method, characterized in that: It includes water flow pipes, inlet filter, flow regulation module, detection module, exhaust module, and flow meter; The water flow pipe is U-shaped and mounted on a mounting plate; the inlet and outlet ends of the water flow pipe are located on the same side of the mounting plate; the inlet end of the water flow pipe is used to connect to a variable frequency high-pressure water pump, and a detection probe is installed at the outlet end of the water flow pipe. The water flow pipeline is provided with an inlet filter, a detection module, a flow regulation module, an exhaust module, and a flow meter in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end; The inlet filter is connected in series with the water flow pipe and is used to filter the water flow in the inlet water flow pipe; The detection module is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe and is used to perform pressure detection and ultraviolet sterilization on the water flow in the water flow pipe. The flow regulation module is connected in parallel to the water pipe and is used to regulate the flow rate of the water in the water pipe. The exhaust module is connected in series with the water pipe to exhaust the air inside the water pipe; The flow meter is installed at the outlet end of the water pipe.

2. The device for detecting water flow stability using a through-hole ultrasonic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module includes a water pressure sensor and an ultraviolet sterilizer. The water pressure sensor is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe and is used to measure the water pressure in the water flow pipe and establish a closed-loop PID control with the variable frequency high-pressure water pump to ensure a constant water pressure in the water flow pipe. The ultraviolet sterilizer is connected in parallel to the water flow pipe and uses an ultraviolet lamp to irradiate the water flow in the water flow pipe for sterilization.

3. The device for detecting water flow stability using a through-hole ultrasonic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow regulation module includes a pneumatic proportional valve and a proportional shut-off valve; the pneumatic proportional valve and the proportional shut-off valve are used in combination, the pneumatic proportional valve controls the flow of water in the water pipe, and the proportional shut-off valve is used to cut off the flow of water in the water pipe at any time; the flow regulation module establishes closed-loop PID control with the flow meter.

4. The device for detecting water flow stability using a through-hole ultrasonic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust module is an automatic exhaust valve, which is connected in series on the water flow pipe, and a connecting pipe is connected in parallel with the output end of the water inlet filter.

5. A method for measuring pipeline flow velocity using ultrasonic testing with a through-hole method, characterized in that: include: By scanning the cross-sectional image data of the water flow pipeline of the equipment and performing digital processing, the pipeline shape parameters and boundary coordinate set are obtained; A three-dimensional mesh model is constructed based on the obtained pipe shape parameters and boundary coordinate set to determine the geometric distribution characteristics of the water flow region; An adaptive path algorithm is used to iteratively calculate the geometric distribution features in the 3D mesh model to obtain an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; If the path coverage in the initial set of candidate ultrasonic propagation paths is lower than a preset threshold, the path distribution is adjusted by adding emission points to obtain an optimized path set. For the optimized path set, simulate the non-uniform distribution of water flow velocity, determine the velocity gradient change and integrate it into the path parameters, and determine the signal propagation time deviation of each path. The determined signal propagation time deviation is compensated and corrected by the velocity distribution model to obtain the corrected overall velocity estimate. By comparing and fusing the corrected overall flow velocity estimate with real-time ultrasonic signal data, the detection deviation is determined and the path optimization parameters are iteratively updated to obtain the final stable flow velocity measurement result.

6. The method for measuring pipeline flow velocity using ultrasonic testing via a through-hole method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adaptive path algorithm is used to iteratively calculate the geometric distribution features in the 3D mesh model to obtain an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; the specific calculation is as follows: ； in, This represents the j-th candidate ultrasonic wave propagation path generated in the t-th iteration. Indicates the adaptive step size parameter. Represents geometric distribution data based on three-dimensional mesh The loss function is the gradient of the path, and the geometric distribution data is processed through multiple iterations to generate an initial set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; This includes: iteratively processing the geometric distribution data in a 3D mesh using an adaptive path algorithm to generate a set of multiple candidate ultrasonic propagation paths; Based on the generated candidate set, the paths are initially classified using pre-established filtering rules to obtain the classified path groups; For the classified paths, data processing tools are used to extract features from the geometric distribution data of each group of paths to determine the spatial orientation features of each group of paths. If the extracted spatial orientation features do not match the preset threshold range, new path groups are generated by adjusting the classification criteria for path grouping. Based on the regenerated path grouping, obtain the matching data of the spatial orientation characteristics and 3D mesh structure of each path group, and determine whether the degree of matching meets the preset conditions. If the matching degree does not meet the preset conditions, the spatial orientation features of the path grouping will be extracted a second time in the information processing stage to obtain more accurate feature data. By using the feature data extracted in the second stage, local path optimization is performed on the three-dimensional mesh structure to determine the final set of ultrasonic wave propagation paths.

7. The method for measuring pipeline flow velocity using ultrasonic testing via a through-hole method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of compensating and correcting the determined signal propagation time deviation using a flow velocity distribution model to obtain a corrected overall flow velocity estimate includes: Obtain the signal propagation time deviation and the output data of the preset flow velocity distribution model; the formula is as follows: ； The signal propagation time deviation is represented by f, which represents the preset flow velocity distribution model. This represents the velocity distribution data output by the model, and the formula shows the correspondence between the time deviation and the model output data. Based on the time deviation and the model output data, calculate the compensation term for the deviation on the model parameters; ； p' represents the updated correction parameter, and p represents the original correction parameter. This represents the compensation term for the model parameters calculated based on the time deviation. This formula indicates that the correction parameters of the preset velocity distribution model are updated using the compensation term. The correction parameters of the preset velocity distribution model are updated using a compensation term; Input the updated correction parameters into the velocity distribution model and perform model calculations. The model calculations generate a new set of velocity estimates, and this set of values ​​is determined to be the overall velocity estimate. If the standard deviation of the spatial distribution of the overall flow velocity estimate is greater than a preset threshold, the Kalman filter algorithm is used to smooth the estimated value sequence.

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