A welding positioning fixture and a carriage welding manufacturing device

Abstract

The application discloses a welding positioning clamp and a carriage welding manufacturing device, and relates to the technical field of carriage manufacturing.The welding positioning clamp comprises an outer positioning assembly and an inner positioning assembly.The outer positioning assembly comprises four first adhering pieces matched with the outer walls of the four corners of a carriage bottom plate respectively and four second adhering pieces matched with the outer walls of the four corners of a carriage top plate respectively.Two connecting pieces are connected between the first adhering pieces and the second adhering pieces.The outer positioning assembly and the inner positioning assembly are matched and arranged, synchronous positioning and support of the outer walls of the four corners of the carriage bottom plate, the outer walls of the four corners of the carriage top plate and the outer walls and the inner walls of the four side plates of the carriage are realized, the carriage side plates do not need to be positioned and repeatedly calibrated one by one, the operation process is greatly simplified, the problems of traditional welding positioning, such as complexity and low efficiency, are solved, the positioning precision is improved through inner-outer bidirectional limiting, the carriage side plates are prevented from deviating in the welding process, the stability and the accuracy of positioning are remarkably improved, and a basis is provided for subsequent welding of the carriage bottom plate and the four side plates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carriage manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a welding positioning fixture and a carriage welding manufacturing apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The cargo box is mainly used for loading and transporting various goods. It is characterized by convenient operation, high efficiency, and large transport capacity. Currently, spot welding of the cargo box is a crucial step in the welding process. Existing cargo box welding methods typically involve manual welding using a plasma arc welding machine. First, the base plate is positioned and fixed. Then, the four side plates that make up the cargo box are spliced ​​and welded one by one through hoisting. Finally, the top plate is welded to the top surface of the four side plates. However, during the process of splicing and welding the four side plates, one of the four side plates needs to be positioned and welded to the base plate first. Then, the next side plate is positioned and installed based on the first positioned and welded side plate. This operation is complex and requires repeated calibration and positioning, resulting in low cargo box manufacturing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a welding positioning fixture and a carriage welding fabrication device.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A welding positioning fixture includes an outer positioning assembly and an inner positioning assembly. The outer positioning assembly includes four first fitting parts that respectively cooperate with the four corner outer walls of the carriage floor and four second fitting parts that respectively cooperate with the four corner outer walls of the carriage roof. Two connecting parts are connected between the first fitting parts and the second fitting parts. The two connecting parts each have a contact portion that cooperates with the middle of the outer wall of the adjacent carriage side panel.

[0006] The internal positioning assembly includes a mounting base connected to the top of the second fitting part and a cylinder located at the top of the mounting base. A sliding block is slidably mounted at the top of the mounting base. One end of the sliding block has an opening, and a clamping member for engaging with the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel is detachably mounted in the opening. The end of the sliding block away from the clamping member is connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder. The cylinder is used to drive the sliding block to move so that the clamping member and the contact part can simultaneously limit the inner and outer walls of the four corners of the adjacent carriage side panel.

[0007] Furthermore, the first fitting part has a square-shaped first fitting portion that mates with the right-angled edge of the carriage floor, and the second fitting part has a square-shaped second fitting portion that mates with the right-angled edge of the carriage roof. The bottom of the first fitting portion has a bottom plate that mates with the bottom wall of the carriage floor.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting base is installed on the top of the second bonding member along the diagonal extension direction of the first bonding portion, and the sliding block is slidably installed on the top of the mounting base along the diagonal extension direction of the first bonding portion.

[0009] Furthermore, a through groove is provided in the middle of the top wall of the sliding block, and a positioning block that passes through the through groove is detachably installed on the top wall of the mounting base. The top of the positioning block has an extension for limiting the top of the sliding block.

[0010] Furthermore, a one-way limiting member for unidirectionally limiting the sliding block is detachably mounted on the mounting base. The top of the sliding block has a ratchet that engages with the one-way limiting member. The one-way limiting member includes a fixed seat detachably disposed on the top wall of the mounting base. A sliding cavity for the sliding block to pass through is opened inside the fixed seat. A pawl that engages with the ratchet is rotatably mounted in the sliding cavity. A first spring is installed between the top wall of the pawl and the inner wall of the sliding cavity. The first spring is used to provide elastic force to keep the pawl pressed downward. A handle is connected to the top wall of the pawl.

[0011] Furthermore, a first notch is provided at the end of the mounting base to match the contour of the second mating part, and a second notch is provided at the end of the sliding block to match the first notch.

[0012] Furthermore, the top wall of the clamping component has a blocking part, and a pull ring is connected to the top wall of the blocking part.

[0013] Furthermore, the second fitting part has a first fitting surface and a second fitting surface corresponding to the outer wall adjacent to the floor of the carriage. The two connecting members are respectively disposed in the middle of the first fitting surface and the second fitting surface, and the two connecting members are symmetrically arranged along the diagonal of the second fitting part.

[0014] Furthermore, the contact portions of the two connectors are flush with the first and second mating surfaces, respectively.

[0015] A vehicle body welding fabrication apparatus includes the aforementioned welding positioning fixture.

[0016] As described above, the beneficial effects of the welding positioning fixture and carriage welding fabrication device of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] By using external and internal positioning components in combination, synchronous positioning and support are achieved for the four outer corners of the carriage floor, the four outer corners of the carriage roof, and the outer and inner walls of the four side panels of the carriage. This eliminates the need for individual positioning and repeated calibration of the carriage side panels, greatly simplifying the operation process and solving the problems of complexity and inefficiency in traditional welding positioning. At the same time, the bidirectional internal and external positioning improves positioning accuracy, prevents the carriage side panels from shifting during welding, ensures the quality of carriage splicing, and significantly improves the stability and accuracy of positioning, providing a foundation for subsequent welding of the carriage floor and the four side panels.

[0018] By combining the external positioning components, internal positioning components, and adjustment components, this device can weld and fabricate carriages of different sizes, thus improving its applicability and practicality.

[0019] By having two connectors respectively located in the middle of the first and second mating surfaces of the second mating part and symmetrically arranged along the diagonal of the second mating part, the supporting force of the outer positioning component on the outer wall of the adjacent carriage side panel can be evenly distributed, and the outer wall of the adjacent carriage side panel can be supported simultaneously. In addition, with the clamping component on the inner positioning component, the outer wall and inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel can be supported simultaneously without too many support points.

[0020] By using a pawl and ratchet mechanism, after the cylinder drives the sliding block to press the clamping component against the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel, a one-way limit is formed on the sliding block to prevent it from moving in the opposite direction due to welding vibration or external force. This ensures that the clamping component always maintains a pressing state against the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel, thus guaranteeing the stability of synchronous internal and external positioning. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning state of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the external positioning component, the first mating part, and the second mating part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal positioning component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the internal positioning component and the clamping component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the internal positioning component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal positioning component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first notch and the second notch of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first bonding component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first mating component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first welding assembly and the moving assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first welding assembly and the moving assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the through hole in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sliding component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 18 This is an exploded view of the sliding component and mounting rod of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 19 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component of the present invention.

[0041] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this invention are as follows:

[0042] 100, Base; 200, Slide groove; 300, External positioning assembly; 310, First mating part; 311, Base plate; 312, First groove; 3121, First positioning groove; 3122, First guide groove; 313, First toothed section; 320, Second mating part; 330, Connector; 331, Contact part; 400, Internal positioning assembly; 410, Mounting base; 411, First notch; 420, Sliding block; 421, Second notch; 422, Insert; 423, Through groove; 424, Rifle 430. Tooth; 431. Positioning block; 440. Extension; 441. One-way limiting member; 442. Fixed seat; 443. Pawl; 4444. Thruster; 445. First spring; 460. Cylinder; 461. Clamping member; 500. First mating member; 501. Second mating member; 510. Second groove; 511. Second guide groove; 512. Second tooth segment; 513. Second positioning groove; 600. First welding assembly; 610. Mounting plate; 611. Roller; 620. Tooth Wheel; 630, First motor; 640, Connecting seat; 641, Positioning clamp; 6411, Through hole; 642, Mounting groove; 643, Second spring; 650, Slider; 651, First positioning hole; 660, Mounting rod; 661, Blocking plate; 662, Driving component; 6621, Mounting cavity; 6622, Third spring; 6623, Baffle; 6624, First positioning post; 663, Adjusting groove; 664, Slot; 670, Sliding component; 671, Mounting block; 6711, Second positioning hole; 6712, locking post; 672, sleeve; 6721, through port; 673, rotating disk; 6731, first mating groove; 6732, pressure sensor; 674, mounting plate; 6741, guide wheel; 675, fourth spring; 680, welding gun; 690, locking element; 691, second mating groove; 692, second positioning post; 693, handle; 700, drive assembly; 710, lead screw; 720, second motor; 730, mounting plate; 731, arc groove; 800, second welding assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Embodiment 1 provided by the present invention will be described in detail below:

[0046] like Figures 1 to 7 and Figure 20As shown, a vehicle body welding fabrication device includes a base 100. Four sliding grooves 200 are formed on the top of the base 100 along its diagonals. An adjustment assembly is slidably installed within each groove 200, and a welding positioning fixture is mounted on the adjustment assembly. The adjustment assembly includes a fixing block and a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder synchronously driving the fixing block to slide along the grooves 200.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a welding positioning fixture based on embodiment 1, which includes an outer positioning component 300 and an inner positioning component 400. The outer positioning component 300 includes four first fitting parts 310 that respectively cooperate with the four corner outer walls of the carriage floor and four second fitting parts 320 that respectively cooperate with the four corner outer walls of the carriage top. The first fitting parts 310 are disposed on corresponding fixing blocks. Two connecting parts 330 connect the first fitting parts 310 and the second fitting parts 320. The two connecting parts 330 respectively have a contact part 331 that cooperates with the middle of the outer wall of the adjacent carriage side panel. The contact part 331 is located in the vertical middle of the outer wall of the carriage side panel.

[0049] The inner positioning assembly 400 includes a mounting base 410 connected to the top of the second fitting member 320 and a cylinder 450 located at the top of the mounting base 410. A sliding block 420 is slidably mounted at the top of the mounting base 410. One end of the sliding block 420 has an insertion port 422. A clamping member 460 for engaging with the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel is detachably installed in the insertion port 422. The end of the sliding block 420 away from the clamping member 460 is connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder 450. The cylinder 450 is used to drive the sliding block 420 to move so that the clamping member 460 and the contact part 331 simultaneously limit the inner and outer walls of the four corners of the adjacent carriage side panel.

[0050] The clamping member 460 is L-shaped and cooperates with the first mating part.

[0051] It should be noted that the coordinated setup of the outer positioning component 300 and the inner positioning component 400 enables synchronous positioning and support of the four outer corners of the carriage floor, the four outer corners of the carriage roof, and the outer and inner walls of the four side panels of the carriage. This eliminates the need for individual positioning and repeated calibration of the carriage side panels, significantly simplifying the operation process and solving the problems of complex and inefficient traditional welding positioning. At the same time, the bidirectional internal and external positioning improves positioning accuracy, prevents the carriage side panels from shifting during welding, ensures the quality of carriage splicing, and significantly improves the stability and accuracy of positioning, providing a foundation for subsequent welding of the carriage floor and the four side panels.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, the first fitting part 310 has a first fitting portion that matches the right-angle side of the carriage floor and is square in shape, and the second fitting part 320 has a second fitting portion that matches the right-angle side of the carriage roof and is square in shape. The bottom of the first fitting portion has a bottom plate 311 that matches the bottom wall of the carriage floor.

[0053] It should be noted that the square-shaped first and second fitting parts can precisely fit the right-angled sides of the carriage floor and the carriage roof, achieving accurate positioning of the four corners of the outer walls of the carriage floor and the carriage roof. This provides a stable reference for the positioning of the carriage side panels. At the same time, the floor plate 311 cooperates with the bottom wall of the carriage floor to support the carriage floor from below, further restricting the vertical freedom of the carriage floor. This provides a reliable reference for the vertical positioning of the carriage side panels and further increases the positioning stability of the first fitting part 310, preventing displacement of the carriage floor during welding. This indirectly improves the synchronization and accuracy of the positioning of the carriage floor and the four carriage side panels, avoiding positioning deviations of the side panels due to vertical offset of the carriage floor, and ensuring the consistency of the splicing and welding of the carriage side panels.

[0054] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the mounting base 410 is mounted on the top of the second bonding member 320 along the diagonal extension direction of the first bonding portion, and the sliding block 420 is slidably mounted on the top of the mounting base 410 along the diagonal extension direction of the first bonding portion.

[0055] It should be noted that the sliding block 420 slides along the diagonal direction of the first mating part, causing the clamping part 460 to precisely correspond to the inside corner position of the inner wall of the carriage side panel. It forms a bidirectional limit on the inner and outer walls of the adjacent carriage side panels with the contact part 331 of the connecting part 330 on the outer positioning component 300, ensuring the positioning synchronization of the four carriage side panels with the carriage floor and the carriage roof, and further improving the positioning accuracy.

[0056] Understandably, the coordinated arrangement of the outer positioning component 300, the inner positioning component 400, and the adjustment component enables this device to weld and manufacture carriages of different sizes, thereby improving the device's applicability and practicality.

[0057] A through groove 423 is provided in the middle of the top wall of the sliding block 420. A positioning block 430 is detachably installed in the top wall of the mounting base 410 through the through groove 423. The positioning block 430 is connected to the mounting base 410 by bolts, which facilitates the subsequent installation, disassembly and maintenance of the positioning block 430. The top of the positioning block 430 has an extension 431 for limiting the top of the sliding block 420.

[0058] It should be noted that the positioning block 430 through the through groove 423 limits the sliding block 420, preventing the sliding block 420 from shifting during the movement driven by the cylinder 450. This allows the sliding block 420 to move stably along the path of (430, i.e., the mounting base 410), ensuring that the clamping member 460 can accurately fit against the inner corner of the adjacent carriage wall.

[0059] A one-way limiting member 440 for one-way limiting of the sliding block 420 is detachably mounted on the mounting base 410. The top of the sliding block 420 has a ratchet 424 that cooperates with the one-way limiting member 440. The one-way limiting member 440 includes a fixed base 441 detachably provided on the top wall of the mounting base 410. The fixed base 441 has a sliding cavity through which the sliding block 420 passes. A pawl 442 that cooperates with the ratchet 424 is rotatably mounted in the sliding cavity. A first spring 443 is installed between the top wall of the pawl 442 and the inner wall of the sliding cavity. The first spring 443 is used to provide elastic force to keep the pawl 442 pressed downward. A throttle 4421 is connected to the top wall of the pawl 442.

[0060] It should be noted that by using the ratchet 442 and ratchet 424 in cooperation, after the cylinder 450 drives the sliding block 420 to press the clamping member 460 against the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel, the sliding block 420 is unidirectionally limited, preventing the sliding block 420 from moving in the opposite direction due to welding vibration or external force, ensuring that the clamping member 460 always maintains the pressing state against the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel, thus ensuring the stability of the internal and external synchronous positioning.

[0061] Understandably, the first spring ensures that the pawl 442 is always in contact with the ratchet 424, and the throttle 4421 facilitates unlocking and limiting, making it easy to release the pressure on the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel after welding is completed. This ensures the reliability of positioning and improves the ease of operation.

[0062] The mounting base 410 has a first notch 411 at its end that matches the contour of the second fitting part, and the sliding block 420 has a second notch 421 at its end that matches the first notch 411.

[0063] It should be noted that by setting the first notch 411 and the second notch 421, the mounting base 410, the sliding block 420 and the second fitting part are perfectly fitted, reducing interference between components and ensuring that the positioning reference of the inner positioning component 300 and the outer positioning component 400 is consistent, further improving the positioning synchronization of the car floor, the car roof and the four car side panels. At the same time, the first notch 411 and the second notch 421 enable the sliding block 420 to tightly fit the second fitting part of the second fitting component 320 when the inner positioning component 400 is in the retracted state, that is, when the car side panels are not installed, so that the car side panels, the car roof and the car floor are easy to install at the first fitting part and the second fitting part.

[0064] The top wall of the clamping member 460 has a blocking part 461, wherein the size of the blocking part 461 is larger than the size of the socket 422, so as to limit the top of the clamping member 460 when the clamping member 460 is inserted into the socket 422. A pull ring is connected to the top wall of the blocking part 461 to facilitate the insertion and removal of the clamping member 460.

[0065] It should be noted that the size of the blocking part 461 is larger than the size of the socket 422, which can effectively prevent the clamping part 460 from falling out of the socket 422.

[0066] Understandably, the detachable clamping component 460 allows it to be inserted into the socket 422 after the adjacent carriage side panel is installed into the outer positioning component 300, and the cylinder 450 drives the sliding block 420 to tighten the clamping component 460, thereby creating a limit at the inner corner of the adjacent carriage side panel.

[0067] The second fitting part has a first fitting surface and a second fitting surface corresponding to the outer wall adjacent to the floor of the carriage. The two connecting members 330 are respectively disposed in the middle of the first fitting surface and the second fitting surface, and the two connecting members 330 are symmetrically arranged along the diagonal of the second fitting part.

[0068] It should be noted that the two connectors 330 are respectively located in the middle of the first and second mating surfaces of the second mating part, and are symmetrically arranged along the diagonal of the second mating part. This allows the supporting force of the outer positioning component 300 on the outer wall of the adjacent carriage side panel to be evenly distributed, and can simultaneously support the outer wall of the adjacent carriage side panel. In addition, with the clamping component 460 on the inner positioning component 400, the outer and inner walls of the adjacent carriage side panel can be simultaneously supported, without the need for too many support points.

[0069] The contact portions 331 of the two connectors 330 are flush with the first and second mating surfaces, respectively.

[0070] It should be noted that the contact part 331 is flush with the first and second mating surfaces, so that when the first mating part 310 and the second mating part 320 are in close contact with the right-angled edges of the outer walls of the carriage floor and the carriage roof, the contact part 331 naturally fits against the middle of the outer wall of the carriage side panel without additional adjustment, making the positioning of the carriage side panel more accurate.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] like Figures 9 to 20As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that: a first mating part 500 that mates with the outer wall of the carriage floor is detachably installed between the four first mating parts 310; a second mating part 501 that mates with the outer wall of the carriage roof is detachably installed between the four second mating parts 320; an annular passage is formed between the tops of the four first mating parts 310 and the first mating part 500 and between the four second mating parts 320 and the second mating part 501; a moving assembly that moves along the annular passage is installed on the tops of the four first mating parts 310 and the first mating part 500 and the tops of the four second mating parts 320 and the second mating part 501; a first welding assembly 600 is detachably installed on each moving assembly; the moving assembly is used to drive the first welding assembly 600 to move along the annular passage to achieve annular welding of the transverse butt joint gap between the roof and the floor and the outer walls of the four carriage side panels;

[0073] A vertically sliding mounting plate 730 is installed between the two connecting parts 330. A second welding assembly 800 corresponding to the butt joint gap of the adjacent carriage side panel is movably installed on the mounting plate 730. A driving assembly 700 is installed between the first fitting part 310 and the second fitting part 320. The driving assembly 700 is used to drive the mounting plate 730 to move along the butt joint gap of the adjacent carriage side panel so as to realize the welding of the butt joint gap of the adjacent carriage side panel by the second welding assembly 800.

[0074] It should be noted that, after the side panels, floor panels, and roof panels of the carriage are precisely positioned using a welding positioning fixture, the present invention, based on the outer positioning component 300, forms an annular path through the first mating component 500, the second mating component 501, the first fitting component 310, and the second fitting component 320. The moving component drives the first welding component 600 to move along the annular path, realizing the continuous annular welding of the transverse butt joints between the carriage floor panel, the carriage roof panel, and the outer walls of the four carriage side panels. In conjunction with the driving component 700, the mounting plate drives the second welding component 800 to achieve precise welding of the butt joints between adjacent carriage side panels, covering all key welds on the outer walls of the carriage. The entire process of positioning and then directly welding can be achieved, eliminating the need for spot welding and directly performing full welding. There is no need for separate spot welding positioning and full welding operations, eliminating the errors caused by manual spot welding, replacing the cumbersome process of manual spot welding positioning and subsequent full welding, and greatly improving welding efficiency.

[0075] The top wall of the first bonding component 310 and the bottom wall of the second bonding component 320 are both provided with a first groove 312. Two first guide grooves 3122 are provided on one side of the inner wall of the first groove 312, and the two first guide grooves 3122 are connected by a 314. A first positioning groove 3121 corresponding to the first guide groove 3122 is provided on the other side of the inner wall of the first groove 312.

[0076] Both the first mating member 500 and the second mating member 501 have a second groove 510 communicating with the first groove 312 on their top walls. Two second guide grooves 511 communicating with the two first guide grooves 3122 are formed on one inner wall of each second groove 510. A second toothed section 512 corresponding to 314 is connected between the two second guide grooves 511. A second positioning groove 513 corresponding to the first positioning groove 3121 is formed on the other inner wall of each second guide groove 511. The first grooves 312 on the four first mating members 310 and the second grooves 510 on the second mating member 501 together form an annular passage. The first grooves 312 on the four second mating members 501 and the second grooves 510 on the first mating member 500 together form an annular passage.

[0077] It should be noted that the combination of the first groove 312, the second groove 510, the first guide groove 3122, the second guide groove 511, the first positioning groove 3121, and the second positioning groove 513 provides a stable sliding and guiding path for the moving component, ensuring that the first welding component 600 will not deviate during its circular movement along the annular path.

[0078] The moving component includes a mounting plate 610 slidably disposed between the first positioning groove 3121 and the first guide groove 3122. The mounting plate 610 has a rotating cavity inside, and a gear 620 that rotatably engages with the second tooth segment 512 or the first tooth segment 313 is rotatably mounted in the rotating cavity. A first motor 630 for driving the gear 620 to rotate is mounted on the bottom wall of the mounting plate 610. Rollers 611 slidably disposed in the corresponding first guide groove 3122 are connected to the top and bottom of the side wall of the mounting plate 610. The annular passage is formed by expanding radially outward proportionally based on the outer contour of the carriage, and the four corners of the annular passage are set with arc chamfers to facilitate the movement of the mounting plate 610.

[0079] It should be noted that the first motor 630 drives the gear 620 to mesh with the second tooth segment 512 or the first tooth segment 313, thereby driving the mounting plate 610 and the second welding assembly 800 on the mounting plate 610 to move smoothly along the first guide groove 3122, the second guide groove 511, the first positioning groove 3121, and the second positioning groove 513.

[0080] Understandably, by setting up the rollers 611, the friction force when the mounting plate 610 slides can be reduced, and the mounting plate 610 can be locked in the two first guide grooves 3122 or the two second guide grooves 511 by the first tooth section 313 or the second tooth section 512, ensuring that the moving component moves smoothly and at a constant speed, thereby driving the first welding component to move at a constant speed along the annular path, realizing continuous welding of the transverse butt joint gap, replacing manual point-by-point welding, and avoiding the deviation of the weld point position and spacing caused by manual operation.

[0081] The first welding assembly 600 includes a connector 640 detachably mounted on the top wall of the mounting plate 610. The top wall of the connector 640 has a mounting groove 642. A slider 650 is slidably mounted in the mounting groove 642. A second spring 643 is installed between the bottom wall of the mounting groove 642 and the bottom wall of the slider 650. The second spring 643 is used to provide an upward elastic force to keep the slider 650.

[0082] A horizontally mounted mounting rod 660 is rotatably mounted on the slider 650. A sliding member 670 is slidably mounted on the mounting rod 660. The sliding member 670 includes a mounting block 671. A sleeve 672 is detachably mounted on the end of the mounting block 671 near the carriage. An adjustment cavity is opened inside the sleeve 672. A through-hole 6721 communicating with the adjustment cavity is opened on the bottom wall of the sleeve 672. A sliding plate 674 is slidably mounted inside the adjustment cavity. The bottom of the sliding plate 674 has an extension plate that passes through the through-hole 6721. A fourth spring 675 is installed between the inner wall of the adjustment cavity and the sliding plate 674. The fourth spring 675 is used to provide elastic force to keep the sliding plate 674 pressed towards the carriage. A rotating disk is rotatably mounted on the end of the sleeve 672 away from the mounting block 671. 673, the rotating disk 673 has a first mating groove 6731 that mates with the adjustment groove 663 and the outer wall of the mounting rod 660. A pressure sensor 6732 is installed on the side wall of the rotating disk 673 located in the adjustment cavity. A controller is installed on the connecting seat 640. The pressure sensor 6732 and the welding gun 680 are both electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to cut off the power to the welding gun 680 when the pressure sensor 6732 is squeezed. A guide wheel 6741 that mates with the side plate of the carriage is installed on the side wall of the extension plate near the carriage. The welding gun 680 is installed on the extension plate below the guide wheel 6741. The outward extension length of the guide wheel 6741 is greater than the outward extension length of the welding gun 680 on the welding gun 680.

[0083] It should be noted that the guide wheel 6741 preferentially fits against the side panel of the carriage and extends beyond the welding gun 680, thus guiding the welding gun 680 and making welding smoother. At the same time, when encountering weld protrusions or obstacles, the guide wheel 6741 first contacts and presses outward against the mounting plate 674, which then moves the welding gun 680 outward synchronously, preventing the welding gun 680 from hitting the weld protrusions or obstacles and causing damage. Furthermore, when the welding gun 680 moves synchronously with the mounting plate 674 along the side panel, roof panel, or floor panel of the carriage, it also facilitates welding of uneven areas.

[0084] Understandably, through the coordinated arrangement of pressure sensor 6732, controller, fourth spring 675, guide wheel 6741, and sliding plate 674, when guide wheel 6741 contacts the side panel, top panel, or bottom panel of the carriage, the mounting plate 674 moves outward, applying a certain pressure to the fourth spring 675, preventing the mounting plate 674 from contacting the pressure sensor 6732. Since the carriage side wall is composed of four side panels joined together, and one of the side panels has an inlet / outlet for installing a door, when welding gun 680 moves to the inlet / outlet of the side panel, the mounting plate 674 does not contact the side panel, top panel, or bottom panel of the carriage. At this time, the mounting plate 674 is pressed into the carriage by the rebound force of the fourth spring 675. The mounting plate 674 comes into contact with the pressure sensor 6732. At the same time, the pressure sensor 6732 sends an electrical signal to the controller. The controller cuts off the power to the welding gun 680 to prevent the welding gun 680 from welding dry. When the guide wheel 6741 moves back to contact the side panel, top panel or bottom panel of the carriage, the guide wheel 6741 is squeezed outward, so that the mounting plate 674 does not come into contact with the pressure sensor 6732. The pressure sensor 6732 does not send an electrical signal to the controller. The controller connects the power to the welding gun 680 to continue welding.

[0085] The mounting block 671 has an insertion hole that mates with the outer wall of the mounting rod 660. The inner wall of the insertion hole has a locking post 6712. The outer wall of the mounting rod 660 has an adjustment groove 663 for the locking post 6712 to slide. The adjustment groove 663 has multiple locking slots 664 that engage with the locking post 6712 on one side of the inner wall along the length of the mounting rod 660.

[0086] The locking post 6712 is horizontally positioned and engages with the locking slot 664 by rotating 90°.

[0087] It should be noted that the locking post 6712 can slide along the adjustment groove 663 on the mounting rod 660, which can easily adjust the extension length of the sliding part 670 on the mounting rod 660 of the welding gun 680, thereby adjusting the gap between the welding gun 680 on the sliding part 670 and the weld, ensuring that the welding gun 680 is always at a good welding distance from the weld.

[0088] Understandably, by engaging the slot 664 with the pin 6712, after the position of the sliding member 670 is adjusted, rotating the mounting rod 660 engages the slot 664 with the pin 6712, thus limiting the sliding member 670 axially on the mounting rod 660. This prevents the sliding member 670 from moving during welding, thus ensuring precise welding position. Furthermore, the multiple slots 664 allow for multi-level adjustment of the gap between the welding gun 680 and the weld, enhancing the device's versatility and adapting to the welding needs of different sized truck bodies.

[0089] A locking element 690 is slidably mounted on the mounting rod 660. The locking element 690 has four second positioning posts 692 on the side wall corresponding to the mounting block 671. The four second positioning posts 692 are arranged in a cross shape. The side wall of the mounting block 671 has a second positioning hole 6711 that mates with the four second positioning posts 692. The locking element 690 has a second mating groove 691 that mates with the adjustment groove 663 and the outer wall of the mounting rod 660. A handle 693 is connected to the side wall of the locking element 690.

[0090] It should be noted that the cooperation between the second positioning post 692 and the second positioning hole 6711, which are arranged in a cross shape, can limit the circumferential movement of the sliding member 670, preventing the sliding member 670 from rotating due to vibration during the welding process, ensuring that the welding gun 680 always stays in a precise position, and further improving the welding accuracy.

[0091] Understandably, since the locking member 690 has a second mating groove 691 that mates with the adjusting groove 663 and the outer wall of the mounting rod 660, the locking member 690 cannot rotate circumferentially along the mounting rod 660. Therefore, when the mounting rod 660 rotates, it will drive the locking member 690 to rotate 90° together. After rotation, the locking member 690 is inserted into the corresponding second positioning hole 6711. The locking member 690 can limit the circumferential movement of the sliding member 670, which not only ensures the stability of the welding process, but also does not affect the position adjustment of the sliding member 670. It takes into account both practicality and stability, and reduces weld defects caused by the loosening of the sliding member 670. The handle 693 is designed to facilitate the installation and removal of the locking member 690, making operation convenient.

[0092] Furthermore, a magnetic sheet is installed on the inner wall of the second positioning hole 6711, and the end of the second positioning post 692 has an iron sheet that attracts the magnetic sheet. This allows the magnetic sheet to attract the locking member 690 when the second positioning post 692 is inserted into the second positioning hole 6711, thus preventing the locking member 690 from disengaging from the circumferential limit of the sliding member 670 during the welding process.

[0093] A baffle plate 661 is detachably mounted on one end of the mounting rod 660 near the carriage. The baffle plate 661 is used to prevent the sliding member 670 from falling off the end of the mounting rod 660 and serves as a limit. A driving member 662 is slidably mounted on the end of the mounting rod 660 away from the baffle plate 661. The driving member 662 has a mounting cavity 6621 inside. A baffle plate 6623 connected to the end of the mounting rod 660 is slidably mounted in the mounting cavity 6621. A third spring 6622 is installed between the baffle plate 6623 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 6621. The third spring 6622 is used to provide elastic force to keep the driving member 662 pressed towards the slider 650.

[0094] By setting the drive component 662, when the mounting rod 660 is rotated, the first positioning post 6624 is disengaged from the first positioning hole 651 by pulling the drive component 662 outward. Then, rotating the drive component 662 will drive the mounting rod 660 to rotate. After the rotation is completed, that is, after the sliding member 670 is axially limited, the first positioning post 6624 is inserted into the first positioning hole 651 corresponding to the rotated part to complete the circumferential limitation of the mounting rod 660. At the same time, by setting the third spring 6622, the first positioning post 6624 on the drive component 662 can be pressed into the first positioning hole 651, so as to prevent the drive component 662 from disengaging from the circumferential limitation of the mounting rod 660 during the welding process.

[0095] The slider 650 has four first positioning holes 651 on its side wall, which are arranged in a cross shape. The four first positioning holes 651 correspond to four second positioning holes 6711. The top wall of the connecting seat 640 is connected to a positioning hoop 641. The positioning hoop 641 has a movable opening for the mounting rod 660 to pass through. The positioning hoop 641 has multiple vertically arranged through holes 6411 on the side walls on both sides of the movable opening. The multiple through holes 6411 correspond to two horizontally arranged first positioning holes 651. The driving member 662 has through holes 6411 on the corresponding side wall of the slider 650, which cooperate with the four first positioning holes 651 to form four first positioning posts 6624.

[0096] It should be noted that the first positioning post 6624 with a cross-shaped arrangement and the first positioning hole 651 can form a circumferential limit on the mounting rod 660 after the sliding member 670 is rotated and limited, so as to prevent the mounting rod 660 from rotating during the welding process, and ensure that the sliding member 670 and the welding gun 680 on the sliding member 670 are always welded at a precise angle, thereby further improving the welding accuracy and weld quality.

[0097] Understandably, by setting up the positioning clamp 641 and the driving component 662, the circumferential rotation of the mounting rod 660 can be unlocked and locked, while the vertical height of the slider 650 can be adjusted in conjunction with the through hole 6411 on the positioning clamp 641. This facilitates the adaptive adjustment of the welding gun 680 in terms of vertical height, enabling the adaptation of welds within a certain height range, ensuring welding quality, and further improving the applicability and practicality of the device. It can be used for welding and fabricating carriages of different specifications.

[0098] Furthermore, with the cooperation of the second spring 643, when the height of the slider 650 is adjusted, the second spring 643 can provide a certain upward elastic force, so that the slider 650 will not fall down quickly, which facilitates the adjustment of the slider 650.

[0099] The drive assembly 700 includes a lead screw 710 disposed between the first bonding member 310 and the second bonding member 320. A second motor 720 is mounted on the second bonding member 320 and is used to drive the lead screw 710 to rotate. A mounting plate 730 is disposed on the moving end of the lead screw 710. An arc-shaped groove 731 is provided on the mounting plate 730. An adjusting block for mounting the second welding assembly 800 is slidably installed in the arc-shaped groove 731. The adjusting block is used to limit the second welding assembly 800 after adjustment. Specifically, a limiting plate is installed on the bottom wall of the adjusting block. A limiting bolt is threaded on the limiting plate. Rotating the limiting bolt drives the limiting plate to move upward so that the adjusting block is pressed against the top of the mounting plate 730.

[0100] It should be noted that the second motor 720 drives the lead screw 710 to rotate, which in turn drives the mounting plate 730 to move vertically, thereby driving the second welding assembly 800 to move at a constant speed along the vertical butt joint gap of the adjacent carriage side panels, realizing continuous welding of the vertical joint gap, replacing manual point-by-point welding, and avoiding the problems of positioning deviation and uneven spacing in manual spot welding.

[0101] Understandably, the adjusting block can slide along the arc groove 731 to adjust the position of the second welding assembly 800, adapting to the butt joint gaps of the carriage side panels at different splicing positions and angles. The limiting bolts can fix the adjusting block in the adjusted position to prevent displacement during welding. The overall structure ensures that the second welding assembly 800 moves accurately and is positioned stably, achieving uniform and continuous welding of the vertical butt joint gaps of the carriage side panels, improving weld strength, and preventing weld cracking.

[0102] Example 4

[0103] This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a carriage based on embodiments 1-3, including the following steps:

[0104] S1. The control adjustment component adjusts the outer positioning component 300 to the required dimensions of the carriage floor;

[0105] S2. The car body floor is hoisted and installed onto the first mating part of the four first mating parts 310 to limit the four corner outer walls of the car body floor. The first mating part 500 and the second mating part 501, which are matched with the dimensions of the car body floor made according to the required size, are installed between the adjacent first mating parts 310. Then, the first welding assembly 600 is installed on the first mating part 500 and the second mating part 501.

[0106] S3. Hoist two adjacent side panels of the carriage to the inside corner splicing position of the corresponding contact part 331, control the corresponding cylinder 450 to move the sliding block 420 towards the first fitting part, and then insert the clamping part 460 into the socket 422 on the sliding block 420. Then the cylinder 450 resets the sliding block 420 until the clamping part 460 and the contact part 331 are fitted with the adjacent side panels of the carriage.

[0107] S4. Repeat step S3 to install the other two adjacent side panels of the carriage to the inside corner splicing position in the opposite direction. After the above is completed, control the cylinder 450 at the remaining inside corner splicing position to move the sliding block 420 towards the first fitting part, and then insert the clamping part 460 into the insertion port 422 on the sliding block 420. Then the cylinder 450 resets the sliding block 420 until the clamping part 460 and the contact part 331 are fitted with the adjacent side panels of the carriage, thus completing the synchronous positioning of the inner and outer walls of the four corners of the carriage side panel.

[0108] S5. Control the first welding assembly 600 to move along the annular path and perform annular welding on the transverse butt joint between the car floor and the four side panels of the car.

[0109] S6. After step S5 is completed, control the second welding assembly 800 to move vertically and continuously weld the vertical butt joint gap between the four side panels of the carriage.

[0110] S7. Control the cylinders 450 at all the inside corner splicing positions to move the sliding block 420 towards the first fitting part, release the restriction on the inner wall of the four side panels of the carriage, pull out the clamping piece 460 located in the insertion port 422 on the sliding block 420, and reset the sliding block 420.

[0111] S8. Hoist the roof panel of the carriage to the second mating part on the four second mating parts 320, control the first welding assembly 600 in the second mating part 501 to move along the annular passage, and perform annular welding on the transverse butt joint gap between the top of the carriage and the four side panels of the carriage.

[0112] It should be noted that the above manufacturing method allows for the simultaneous positioning of the carriage roof, carriage floor, and carriage side panels, followed by full circumferential welding after positioning, eliminating the need for electric welding positioning and saving manufacturing steps.

[0113] It is readily understood that those skilled in the art can combine, split, or reorganize the embodiments provided in this application to obtain other embodiments, all of which do not exceed the protection scope of this application.

[0114] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding positioning fixture, characterized in that, The system includes an outer positioning assembly (300) and an inner positioning assembly (400). The outer positioning assembly (300) includes four first fitting parts (310) that respectively cooperate with the outer walls of the four corners of the car floor and four second fitting parts (320) that respectively cooperate with the outer walls of the four corners of the car roof. Two connecting parts (330) connect the first fitting parts (310) and the second fitting parts (320). The two connecting parts (330) respectively have a contact part (331) that cooperates with the middle of the outer wall of the adjacent car side panel. The inner positioning assembly (400) includes a mounting base (410) connected to the top of the second fitting member (320) and a cylinder (450) located at the top of the mounting base (410). A sliding block (420) is slidably mounted at the top of the mounting base (410). One end of the sliding block (420) has an opening (422). A clamping member (460) for engaging with the inner wall of the adjacent carriage side panel is detachably mounted in the opening (422). The end of the sliding block (420) away from the clamping member (460) is connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder (450). The cylinder (450) is used to drive the sliding block (420) to move so that the clamping member (460) and the contact part (331) simultaneously limit the inner and outer walls of the four corners of the adjacent carriage side panel.

2. The welding positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fitting part (310) has a first fitting part that fits with the right-angle side of the carriage floor and is square. The second fitting part (320) has a second fitting part that fits with the right-angle side of the carriage roof and is square. The bottom of the first fitting part has a bottom plate (311) that fits with the bottom wall of the carriage floor.

3. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base (410) is mounted on the top of the second bonding member (320) along the diagonal extension direction of the first bonding portion, and the sliding block (420) is slidably mounted on the top of the mounting base (410) along the diagonal extension direction of the first bonding portion.

4. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, A through groove (423) is provided in the middle of the top wall of the sliding block (420), and a positioning block (430) that passes through the through groove (423) is detachably installed on the top wall of the mounting base (410). The top of the positioning block (430) has an extension (431) for limiting the top of the sliding block (420).

5. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, A one-way limiting member (440) for one-way limiting of the sliding block (420) is detachably mounted on the mounting base (410). The top of the sliding block (420) has a ratchet (424) that cooperates with the one-way limiting member (440). The one-way limiting member (440) includes a fixed seat (441) detachably provided on the top wall of the mounting base (410). The fixed seat (441) has a sliding cavity through which the sliding block (420) passes. A pawl (442) that cooperates with the ratchet (424) is rotatably mounted in the sliding cavity. A first spring (443) is installed between the top wall of the pawl (442) and the inner wall of the sliding cavity. The first spring (443) is used to provide elastic force to keep the pawl (442) pressed down. A throttle (4421) is connected to the top wall of the pawl (442).

6. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting base (410) has a first notch (411) at its end that matches the contour of the second fitting part, and the sliding block (420) has a second notch (421) at its end that matches the first notch (411).

7. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top wall of the clamping member (460) has a blocking part (461), and a pull ring is connected to the top wall of the blocking part (461).

8. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second fitting part has a first fitting surface and a second fitting surface corresponding to the outer wall adjacent to the bottom plate of the carriage. The two connecting pieces (330) are respectively located in the middle of the first fitting surface and the second fitting surface. The two connecting pieces (330) are symmetrically arranged along the diagonal of the second fitting part.

9. A welding positioning fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that, The contact portions (331) of the two connectors (330) are flush with the first and second mating surfaces, respectively.

10. A vehicle body welding fabrication apparatus, comprising a welding positioning fixture as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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