Mine gas and dust parameter ultrasonic array sensing method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a mine gas dust parameter ultrasonic array sensing method and system, and the system comprises a rotatable ultrasonic transducer array, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generation and amplification module, a multi-parameter environment sensor, an edge computing node, a 5G communication node, an upper computer and a linkage control device. A rotatable transceiving wideband transducer is arranged on both sides of a roadway to form a cross-section covering cross acoustic path network; in combination with real-time environmental parameters, the edge computing node is used to reversely calculate wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size and gas concentration based on multi-frequency acoustic wave time of flight and amplitude attenuation information by using the built-in intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model of the edge computing node. The inversion results are transmitted to the upper computer and a visual monitoring platform through a 5G network to generate a dust fluid propagation cloud image and predict a diffusion trend, and disaster control is implemented by linking the ventilator, the spray dust reduction robot and the sound-light alarm according to the hierarchical threshold value. The application realizes multi-parameter non-contact real-time monitoring and intelligent linkage control in a mine environment, and improves detection precision and operation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent sensing of multiple parameters of mine environment and disaster prevention, and in particular to a method and system for ultrasonic array sensing of mine gas and dust parameters. Background Technology

[0002] As the core working space in coal mining, the internal environmental parameters of mine roadways directly affect production safety and worker health. With increasing mining depth and mechanization, environmental factors such as mine dust concentration, harmful gas volume fraction, and wind speed distribution exhibit dynamic and coupled changes. High concentrations of dust not only exacerbate occupational health risks such as pneumoconiosis but can also trigger coal dust explosions under certain conditions; abnormal accumulation of gases such as methane and carbon monoxide poses potential dangers of asphyxiation, poisoning, and combustion / explosion. Therefore, achieving real-time, accurate, and comprehensive perception of multiple environmental parameters in mine roadways is an urgent need to ensure safe coal mine production and the health and lives of workers.

[0003] Currently, mine environmental sensing technologies mainly include point sensor monitoring, light scattering dust detection, infrared gas analysis, and mechanical anemometer measurement. Point sensors can only acquire local point information, making it difficult to reflect the environmental distribution characteristics of the entire cross-section of the roadway. Furthermore, they are prone to zero-point drift and sensitivity decay in high-dust, high-humidity environments. Light scattering dust concentration detection is significantly affected by particle shape, refractive index, and humidity, resulting in insufficient measurement stability and the inability to simultaneously acquire wind speed and gas composition information. While infrared gas analyzers can detect specific gas concentrations, they are costly, have short calibration cycles, and suffer from cross-interference when multiple gas components coexist. Mechanical anemometers are slow to respond to low wind speeds, and their accuracy is easily affected by dust contamination. More importantly, all of the above methods involve independent measurement of a single parameter, failing to construct a comprehensive sensing system for a coupled wind speed-dust-gas environment, making it difficult to accurately identify dust transport patterns and early warning signs of disasters.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes an ultrasonic array sensing method and system for mine gas and dust parameters. It utilizes the propagation attenuation and sound velocity variation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in gas-solid two-phase flow, constructs a full-section sound wave coverage network in the roadway through a rotatable ultrasonic transducer array, and combines multi-parameter environmental sensors and a smart AI database in edge computing nodes to achieve synchronous inversion and hierarchical early warning linkage control of wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size and harmful gas volume fraction. This solves the problems of existing mine environmental sensing methods, such as single monitoring parameters, insufficient spatial coverage, poor environmental adaptability and lack of intelligent linkage decision-making. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing mine environmental sensing methods having single parameters, incomplete spatial coverage, and lack of intelligent linkage decision-making, and to provide a method and system for ultrasonic array sensing of mine gas and dust parameters.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention provides a method and system for ultrasonic array sensing of mine gas and dust parameters. An explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer array capable of horizontal rotation is arranged on both sides of a mine roadway cross-section to establish multiple intersecting sound wave propagation paths covering the roadway cross-section. The transducers in the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer array are controlled to work alternately in a transceiver mode to acquire the downwind flight time of each sound path Li at different frequencies. Flight time against the wind And amplitude attenuation information; combined with the temperature, humidity and pressure data collected in real time by multi-parameter environmental sensors in the tunnel, the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model are called to simultaneously invert and calculate the wind speed Vwind, gas concentration Cgas, dust concentration Cdust and dust particle size Ddust parameters in the tunnel cross section.

[0008] The wind speed V obtained from the inversion wind Gas concentration C gas Dust concentration C dust and dust particle size D dust Parameters are transmitted to a visualization monitoring platform, where the environmental parameters of the tunnel cross-section are reconstructed into a grid and a distribution map is generated. The propagation path of the dust cloud is predicted by combining the changing trends of environmental parameters at adjacent times. When the dust concentration C in the monitoring area... dust or gas concentration C gas When the preset classification threshold is reached, a corresponding early warning signal is output, and the ventilation equipment, dust suppression equipment, and explosion-proof alarm equipment are linked to implement corresponding classification disaster prevention and control measures.

[0009] The present invention provides an ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Ultrasonic transducer arrangement and environmental parameter detection;

[0011] S11: Two parallel slide rails are arranged on both sides of the mine roadway, and A explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are arranged on each slide rail to form A×A cross sound wave propagation paths covering the entire roadway cross section.

[0012] S12: The explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are all wide-frequency adjustable explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers; the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator emits broadband excitation signals, amplifies the acoustic signals through the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier, and each explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer outputs signals with different excitation frequencies through passive band-pass filtering; a multi-parameter environmental sensor is arranged at both ends of each track; the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers all have the functions of both transmitting and receiving, and alternately work to realize the acoustic wave flight time when the wind is in the downwind direction and the acoustic wave flight time when the wind is in the upwind direction through commutation transmission. and the acoustic wave flight time when the wind is in the upwind direction measurement;

[0013] Step two: Ultrasonic data acquisition;

[0014] The acoustic path L i The transducers at both ends alternately serve as the transmitting end and the receiving end for acoustic wave data acquisition, and the average values of the flight time and amplitude within 5 consecutive cycles of continuous reception under the same acoustic path L i are calculated, and the average flight time is taken as the detected flight time , and the maximum amplitude values of each of the 5 cycles are averaged to obtain the amplitude P i ;

[0015] Step three: Wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration inversion and compensation algorithms;

[0016] Based on the flight time and amplitude P i at different frequencies, combined with the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, the wind speed V wind , gas concentration C gas and the dust additional attenuation spectrum at different frequencies are solved, and the dust concentration C dust , dust particle size D dust are inverted according to the dust additional attenuation spectrum;

[0017] Step four: Signal transmission and visualization generation;

[0018] The wind speed V wind , dust concentration C dust , dust particle size D dust , gas concentration C gas are transmitted to the visualization monitoring platform through the mine 5G communication node; a visualization dust fluid propagation cloud map is generated to predict the dust fluid propagation path;

[0019] Step five: Hierarchical early warning and linkage prevention of disaster control;

[0020] The dust concentration C dust , gas concentration C gas are judged in real time according to the threshold value. When the limit is exceeded, alarm and linkage prevention of disaster control measures are triggered to protect the occupational health and life safety of underground workers in real time

[0021] In this invention, preferably, in step one, each explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer on the slide rail is installed via a horizontal rotation system; the horizontal rotation system has a built-in explosion-proof DC motor, a rotating platform, a control circuit board, and an explosion-proof power supply; the explosion-proof DC motor is fixedly installed on the guide rail; the explosion-proof DC motor drives the rotating platform through a shaft, coupling, reducer, and turntable; an explosion-proof power supply is arranged on one side of the tunnel to provide power to the explosion-proof DC motor, the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator, and the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier; the control circuit board adjusts the target sound path L according to the target explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer. i The rotation angle of the explosion-proof DC motor is controlled, thereby controlling the rotation angle of the rotating platform, so that the acoustic axes of the two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are set coaxially and opposite to each other.

[0022] In this invention, preferably, the process of the inversion and compensation algorithm for wind speed, gas concentration, and dust parameters in step three is as follows:

[0023] S31: Call the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, using real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) including temperature T, pressure p, and humidity RH as input data, to query and obtain the sound attenuation coefficient in clean air under the current environmental conditions, the attenuation coefficient of dust per unit concentration at different frequencies and particle sizes, and the attenuation coefficient of dust at different frequencies. Lower reference amplitude And the theoretical gas velocity corresponding to different gas concentrations ;

[0024] S32: Different frequencies The measured time of flight of sound waves with the wind Time of flight of sound waves against the wind Calculate different frequencies according to formula (1) Sound path wind speed ; Calculate different frequencies according to formula (2) Sound path average speed of sound ; Calculate different frequencies according to formula (3) Sound path Wind speed attenuation coefficient ;

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] S33: Different frequencies The amplitude measured below Calculate different frequencies according to formula (4) Measured total attenuation coefficient ;

[0028] S34: Calculate different frequencies according to formula (5) Attenuation coefficient after removing the influence of wind speed ;

[0029] S35: Different frequencies The speed of sound measured below Calculate different frequencies according to formula (6) Lower gas concentration ;

[0030] S36: Call the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, and input the temperature T, pressure p, humidity RH from the real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) and the gas concentration obtained from step S35. As input data, query to obtain different frequencies under the current environmental conditions. gas concentration attenuation coefficient ; Calculate the attenuation coefficient caused by dust according to formula (7) ;

[0031] S37: Calculate the dust mass concentration based on formula (8) and the dust-added attenuation spectrum at multiple frequencies. Dust equivalent particle size ;

[0032] In this invention, preferably, the process of establishing the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model in step three is as follows:

[0033] S311: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by changing the temperature T, the sound attenuation coefficient at different temperatures under clean air was calibrated. ;

[0034] S312: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by changing the pressure p, the sound attenuation coefficients under different pressures in clean air were calibrated. ;

[0035] S313: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by varying the humidity (RH), the sound attenuation coefficients under different humidity levels in clean air were calibrated. ;

[0036] S314: In a simulated tunnel environment in a laboratory setting, under dust-free conditions, change the concentration of methane gas in the gas. Different gas concentrations were calibrated. speed of sound in gas Sound attenuation coefficient ;

[0037] S315: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by varying the wind speed, the sound attenuation coefficients at different wind speeds under clean air conditions were calibrated. ;

[0038] S316: In a laboratory simulation of a tunnel environment, using dust particles of the same size, simulate a known dust concentration C. dust In a dusty environment, the sound attenuation α for different dust concentrations was calibrated. dust ;

[0039] S317: In a laboratory simulation of a tunnel environment, different particle sizes D were used. dust Dust particles, simulating the same dust concentration C dust In a dusty environment, the particle size spectrum of different dust particle sizes was determined. dust ;

[0040] S318: The initial data is divided into training, validation and test sets. A random forest model is used for training, and the training effect is tested using the validation and test sets. At the same time, an incremental learning training method is adopted to update the model parameters with new data, forming a smart acoustic parameter database and inversion model.

[0041] In this invention, preferably, in step four, the visualization monitoring platform performs cross-sectional grid reconstruction based on the inversion results of each sound path, generates an environmental parameter distribution map within the tunnel cross-section, and determines the dust cloud propagation direction based on the changing trend of the environmental parameter distribution map at adjacent times, thereby predicting the dust cloud propagation path.

[0042] In this invention, preferably, the process of graded early warning and coordinated disaster prevention and control in step five is as follows:

[0043] S51: Set four dust concentration threshold levels, corresponding to early warning level, alarm level, hazard protection level, and emergency protection level, respectively. When the visual monitoring platform detects that the dust concentration in any sound path corresponding area or cross-section reconstruction area exceeds the set threshold, it immediately links the upper computer to the ventilation fan, spray dust suppression robot, and explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to reduce the dust concentration. When the dust concentration exceeds the early warning level, the upper computer links the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to remind the underground workers to take dust protection measures. At the same time, it links to turn on the ventilation fan and set its speed to 20% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level one dust suppression operation. When the dust concentration exceeds the alarm level, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set its speed to 40% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level two dust suppression operation. When the dust concentration exceeds the hazard protection level, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set its speed to 65% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level three dust suppression operation. When the dust concentration exceeds the emergency protection level, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set its speed to 100% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level four dust suppression operation.

[0044] S52: Set three levels of gas concentration thresholds, corresponding to alarm level, danger level, and emergency level respectively; when the visual monitoring platform detects that the gas concentration in any area corresponding to the sound path or the cross-section reconstruction area exceeds the set threshold, it immediately links the upper computer to the ventilation fan and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to reduce the gas concentration; when the alarm level is exceeded, the upper computer links the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to remind the underground workers to take protective measures, and at the same time links to turn on the ventilation fan and set the speed to 30% of the rated speed; when the danger level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set the speed to 60% of the rated speed; when the emergency level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set the speed to 100% of the rated speed, and notifies to stop all underground work tasks, and the workers to evacuate to the underground refuge chamber.

[0045] The mine gas and dust parameter ultrasonic array sensing system includes: a rotatable ultrasonic transducer array, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier, a multi-parameter environmental sensor, an edge computing node, a 5G communication node, a host computer, a ventilation fan, a spray dust suppression robot, an explosion-proof audible and visual alarm, and a visual monitoring platform.

[0046] The rotatable ultrasonic transducer array includes two slide rails arranged on both sides of the tunnel wall, a horizontal rotation system, and explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers.

[0047] Explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are all transceiver integrated transducers, emitting and receiving ultrasonic signals;

[0048] An explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator excites ultrasonic signals;

[0049] Explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier enhances ultrasonic signals;

[0050] Multi-parameter environmental sensors are installed at both ends of the slide rail to monitor the tunnel temperature, humidity, and pressure in real time as reference environmental parameters and send them to the edge computing node;

[0051] Edge computing nodes are connected to explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers, multi-parameter environmental sensors, 5G communication nodes, and host computers. The edge computing nodes are equipped with a smart acoustic parameter database and inversion model. Environmental information monitored by the multi-parameter environmental sensors is transmitted to the smart acoustic parameter database and inversion model, which is then combined with data detected by the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers. The edge computing nodes are used to invert wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information. The inverted wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information are then transmitted to the 5G communication nodes and the host computer.

[0052] The 5G communication node is connected to the visualization monitoring platform, using the underground 5G signal to transmit the inverted information on wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration to the visualization monitoring platform; the 5G communication node is also connected to the ventilation fan, the spray dust suppression robot, and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to transmit linkage control signals.

[0053] The ventilation fan adjusts the ventilation volume according to the adjustment signal sent by the host computer to perform ventilation and dust removal operations;

[0054] The dust suppression robot performs dust suppression operations based on the operation signals sent by the host computer.

[0055] The explosion-proof audible and visual alarm system alerts operators to work safety based on warning signals sent from the host computer.

[0056] The visualization monitoring platform generates a visual dust fluid propagation cloud map based on the inverted wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information transmitted underground.

[0057] In this invention, preferably, a preset sound path is used when the system enters self-test mode. During calibration, the edge computing node controls the host computer to perform a self-test on the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer; the host computer then controls the two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers to rotate to the preset sound path. The corresponding target angle position; the multi-parameter environmental sensor detects the current environmental data and transmits it to the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model. The intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model are called, and the temperature T, pressure p, and humidity RH in the real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) are used as input data. The sound attenuation coefficient in clean air under the current environmental conditions is obtained by querying. The detected sound attenuation coefficient is compared with the original data in the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model. When the error exceeds the preset threshold, the calibration parameters of the current device are updated to improve the accuracy of detection.

[0058] In this invention, preferably, the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers on the slide rail are arranged in an array along the slide rail direction, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers is preset according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnel.

[0059] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0060] This invention achieves simultaneous sensing and inversion of multiple parameters, including wind speed, gas concentration, dust concentration, and dust particle size, in a mining environment by constructing an integrated technology system of a rotatable ultrasonic transducer array, multi-parameter environmental sensing, edge computing, and 5G-based linkage control. Compared to traditional single-point detection methods, this invention can form a multi-path coverage of the roadway cross-section, improving the detection range, spatial resolution, and accuracy of results in complex mining environments. By introducing environmental parameter compensation, a database, and an inversion model, it can reduce the interference of factors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure on the measurement results. Furthermore, by combining visual reconstruction, hierarchical early warning, and linkage control, it can achieve timely identification, dynamic display, and proactive handling of dust and gas anomalies, thereby improving the real-time performance, reliability, and intelligence level of mine safety monitoring.

[0061] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0062] The following is a brief explanation of the contents of each of the accompanying drawings and the markings in the drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the ultrasonic array sensing method and system for mine gas and dust parameters of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotatable ultrasonic transducer array for mine roadways according to the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 This invention relates to a horizontal rotation system for an explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer.

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mine-level early warning and coordinated disaster prevention and control process in this invention;

[0067] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer; 2. Slide rail; 3. Explosion-proof DC motor; 4. Rotating platform. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, further details the specific implementation of the present invention, including the shape and structure of each component, the relative positions and connections between the parts, the function and working principle of each part, the manufacturing process, and the operation and use methods, so as to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate, and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention proposes a mine gas dust parameter ultrasonic array sensing system, including: a rotatable ultrasonic transducer array, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier, a multi-parameter environmental sensor, an edge computing node, a 5G communication node, a host computer, a ventilator, a spray dust suppression robot, an explosion-proof audible and visual alarm, and a visual monitoring platform.

[0071] The rotatable ultrasonic transducer array includes two slide rails arranged on both sides of the tunnel wall, a horizontal rotation system, and explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers.

[0072] Explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are all transceiver integrated transducers, emitting and receiving ultrasonic signals;

[0073] An explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator excites ultrasonic signals;

[0074] Explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier enhances ultrasonic signals;

[0075] Multi-parameter environmental sensors are installed at both ends of the slide rail to monitor the tunnel temperature, humidity, and pressure in real time as reference environmental parameters and send them to the edge computing node;

[0076] Edge computing nodes are connected to explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers, multi-parameter environmental sensors, 5G communication nodes, and host computers. Each edge computing node is equipped with a smart acoustic parameter database and an inversion model. Environmental information monitored by the multi-parameter environmental sensors is transmitted to the smart acoustic parameter database and inversion model, and combined with data detected by the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers. The edge computing nodes then invert wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information. The inverted wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information are transmitted to the 5G communication nodes and the host computer.

[0077] The 5G communication node is connected to the visualization monitoring platform, and uses the underground 5G signal to transmit the inverted information on wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration to the visualization monitoring platform; the 5G communication node is also connected to the ventilation fan, the spray dust suppression robot, and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to transmit linkage control signals.

[0078] The host computer compares the received information on wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration with the set graded early warning thresholds. When the thresholds are exceeded, a linkage signal is sent to the ventilation fan, the spray dust suppression robot, and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm via the 5G communication node. The host computer connects to the horizontal rotation system, which uses the target explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers in the rotating array to establish different sound path L. i And collect acoustic wave data information under the corresponding acoustic path;

[0079] The ventilation fan adjusts the ventilation volume according to the adjustment signal sent by the host computer to perform ventilation and dust removal operations;

[0080] The dust suppression robot performs dust suppression operations based on the operation signals sent by the host computer.

[0081] The explosion-proof audible and visual alarm system alerts operators to work safety based on warning signals sent from the host computer.

[0082] The visualization monitoring platform generates a visual dust fluid propagation cloud map based on the inverted wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information transmitted underground.

[0083] This embodiment proposes an ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters, including the following steps:

[0084] Step 1: Ultrasonic transducer arrangement and environmental parameter detection;

[0085] S11: Two parallel slide rails are arranged on both sides of the mine roadway, and A explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are arranged on each slide rail to form A×A cross sound wave propagation paths covering the entire roadway cross section.

[0086] S12: All explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are wideband adjustable frequency explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers; the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator emits a wideband excitation signal, which is amplified by the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier; each explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer outputs a different excitation frequency signal after a passive bandpass filter; a multi-parameter environmental sensor is arranged at both ends of each track; all explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers have dual transmit and receive functions, and alternate operation is achieved by switching the transmission direction to realize the sound wave flight time when with the wind. Time of flight of sound waves against the wind Measurement;

[0087] Step 2: Ultrasonic data acquisition;

[0088] Sound path L i The transducers at both ends alternately serve as the transmitting and receiving ends to acquire acoustic wave data for the same acoustic path L. i The flight time and amplitude over five consecutive reception cycles are averaged, and the averaged flight time is taken as the detected flight time. Take the maximum amplitude of each of the 5 cycles and calculate the average, which is taken as the amplitude P. i ;

[0089] Step 3: Algorithm for inversion and compensation of wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration;

[0090] Flight time at different frequencies and amplitude P i By combining a smart acoustic parameter database and an inversion model, the wind speed V is calculated. wind Gas concentration C gas And the dust-added attenuation spectrum at different frequencies, and the dust concentration C is inverted based on the dust-added attenuation spectrum. dust Dust particle size D dust ;

[0091] Step 4: Signal transmission and visualization generation;

[0092] Wind speed V wind Dust concentration C dust Dust particle size D dust Gas concentration C gas The data is transmitted to a visual monitoring platform using a 5G communication node in the mine; a visual cloud map of dust and fluid propagation is generated to predict the propagation path of dust and fluid.

[0093] Step 5: Tiered early warning and coordinated disaster prevention and control;

[0094] Regarding dust concentration C dust Gas concentration C gas Real-time threshold detection triggers alarms and coordinated disaster prevention and control measures when limits are exceeded, ensuring the occupational health and safety of underground workers in real time.

[0095] In this embodiment, 10 explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are arranged on each slide rail, forming 100 intersecting sound wave propagation paths that cover the entire tunnel cross section; the slide rails on both sides of the mine tunnel are 2m above the ground.

[0096] In this embodiment, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal excited by the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator is in the range of 100kHz to 600kHz.

[0097] In this embodiment, the multi-parameter environmental sensor is a high-precision temperature, humidity and pressure sensor with a measurement error of less than 5%, used to measure the temperature, humidity and pressure of the tunnel.

[0098] In this embodiment, each explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer on the slide rail is installed via a horizontal rotation system. The horizontal rotation system includes an explosion-proof DC motor, a rotating platform, a control circuit board, and an explosion-proof power supply. The explosion-proof DC motor is fixedly mounted on the guide rail. The explosion-proof DC motor drives the rotating platform via a shaft, coupling, reducer, and turntable. An explosion-proof power supply is located on one side of the tunnel to provide power to the explosion-proof DC motor, explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator, and explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier. The control circuit board determines the target sound path L based on the target explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer. i The rotation angle of the explosion-proof DC motor is controlled, thereby controlling the rotation angle of the rotating platform, so that the acoustic axes of the two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are set coaxially and opposite to each other.

[0099] In this embodiment, the process of inversion and compensation algorithm for wind speed, gas concentration, and dust parameters is as follows:

[0100] S31: Call the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, using real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) including temperature T, pressure p, and humidity RH as input data, to query and obtain the sound attenuation coefficient in clean air under the current environmental conditions, the attenuation coefficient of dust per unit concentration at different frequencies and particle sizes, and the attenuation coefficient of dust at different frequencies. Lower reference amplitude And the theoretical gas velocity corresponding to different gas concentrations ;

[0101] S32: Time of flight of sound waves with the wind, measured at 100kHz, 200kHz, 300kHz, 400kHz, 500kHz, and 600kHz. Time of flight of sound waves against the wind Calculate different frequencies according to formula (1) Sound path wind speed ; Calculate different frequencies according to formula (2) Sound path average speed of sound ; Calculate different frequencies according to formula (3) Sound path Wind speed attenuation coefficient ;

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] S33: Different frequencies The amplitude measured below Calculate different frequencies according to formula (4) Measured total attenuation coefficient ;

[0105] S34: Calculate different frequencies according to formula (5) Attenuation coefficient after removing the influence of wind speed ;

[0106] S35: Different frequencies The speed of sound measured below Calculate different frequencies according to formula (6) Lower gas concentration ;

[0107] S36: Call the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, and input the temperature T, pressure p, humidity RH from the real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) and the gas concentration obtained from step S35. As input data, query to obtain different frequencies under the current environmental conditions. gas concentration attenuation coefficient ; Calculate the attenuation coefficient caused by dust according to formula (7) ;

[0108] S37: Calculate the dust mass concentration based on formula (8) and the dust-added attenuation spectrum at multiple frequencies. Dust equivalent particles ;

[0109] In this embodiment, the process of establishing the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model is as follows:

[0110] The laboratory simulated tunnel was a circular arched tunnel with dimensions of 5m long, 2m wide, and 3m high. The slide rails were arranged 2m above the ground, and the spacing between each ultrasonic transducer on each slide rail was 0.5m.

[0111] S311: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, using 100kHz, 200kHz, 300kHz, 400kHz, 500kHz, and 600kHz frequencies, and changing the temperature T to 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, and 40℃, the sound attenuation coefficient at different temperatures under clean air was calibrated. ;

[0112] S312: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, the sound attenuation coefficients under different pressures (p) of 101 kPa, 102 kPa, and 103 kPa were calibrated using frequencies of 100 kHz, 200 kHz, 300 kHz, 400 kHz, 500 kHz, and 600 kHz. ;

[0113] S313: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, the humidity (RH) was varied to 5 g / m³ using frequencies of 100 kHz, 200 kHz, 300 kHz, 400 kHz, 500 kHz, and 600 kHz. 3 10g / m 3、 15g / m 3 The sound attenuation coefficients under different humidity levels in clean air were calibrated. ;

[0114] S314: In a simulated tunnel environment in a laboratory setting, under dust-free conditions, change the concentration of methane gas in the gas. Different methane concentrations were determined for 1% VOL, 3% VOL, and 5% VOL. speed of sound in gas Sound attenuation coefficient ;

[0115] S315: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, the sound attenuation coefficients at different wind velocities (1 m / s, 2 m / s, 3 m / s, 4 m / s, 5 m / s, 6 m / s, 7 m / s, 8 m / s, and 9 m / s) under clean air conditions were calibrated. ;

[0116] S316: In a laboratory simulation of a tunnel environment, ensuring constant wind speed, temperature, humidity, and pressure, and using dust particles of the same size, simulate a known dust concentration C. dus t is 4 mg / m 3 10mg / m 3 100mg / m 3 200mg / m 3 In a dusty environment, the sound attenuation α for different dust concentrations was calibrated. dust ;

[0117] S317: In a simulated tunnel environment in the laboratory, while maintaining constant wind speed, temperature, humidity, pressure, and dust concentration, different particle sizes D were used. dust Dust particles of 74 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 23 micrometers, 13 micrometers, and 6.5 micrometers were used to simulate the same dust concentration C. dust In a dusty environment, the particle size spectrum of different dust particle sizes was determined. dust ;

[0118] Dust particles of 74 micrometers, 38 micrometers, 23 micrometers, 13 micrometers, and 6.5 micrometers were sieved through 200-mesh, 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 1000-mesh, and 2000-mesh screens, respectively.

[0119] S318: The initial data is divided into training, validation, and test sets in a 6:2:2 ratio. A random forest model is used for training, and the training effect is tested using the validation and test sets. At the same time, an incremental learning training method is adopted to update the model parameters using new data, forming a smart acoustic parameter database and an inversion model.

[0120] In this embodiment, the visualization monitoring platform reconstructs the cross-section using a gridded method based on the inversion results of each sound path, generating an environmental parameter distribution map within the tunnel cross-section. It then determines the dust cloud propagation direction based on the changing trends of the environmental parameter distribution map at adjacent times, thereby predicting the dust cloud propagation path. Using the air supply direction in the tunnel as the initial direction, the ultrasonic transducers are sequentially calibrated as follows: , , , , , , , , , Another time was , , , , , , , , , The distribution map of environmental parameters within the tunnel cross section is the calculated parameter values ​​of the ultrasonic transducers, ordered sequentially from 1 to 10.

[0121] In this embodiment, the process of tiered early warning and coordinated disaster prevention and control is as follows:

[0122] S51: Set the four dust concentration thresholds, which are 4 mg / m³. 3 10mg / m 3 100mg / m 3 200mg / m 3These correspond to warning levels, alarm levels, hazard protection levels, and emergency protection levels, respectively. When the visual monitoring platform detects that the dust concentration in any area corresponding to the sound path or the cross-sectional reconstruction area exceeds the set threshold, it immediately links the upper computer to the ventilation fan, the spray dust suppression robot, and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to reduce the dust concentration. When the warning level is exceeded, the upper computer links the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to remind the underground workers to take dust protection measures. At the same time, it links to turn on the ventilation fan and set its speed to 20% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level one dust suppression operation. When the alarm level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set its speed to 40% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level two dust suppression operation. When the hazard protection level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set its speed to 65% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level three dust suppression operation. When the emergency protection level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and set its speed to 100% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot to control it for level four dust suppression operation.

[0123] S52: Set three levels of gas concentration thresholds: 1%VOL, 3%VOL, and 5%VOL, corresponding to alarm level, danger level, and emergency level, respectively. When the visual monitoring platform detects that the gas concentration in any area corresponding to the sound path or the cross-sectional reconstruction area exceeds the set threshold, it immediately links the upper computer to the ventilation fan and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to reduce the gas concentration. When the gas concentration exceeds the alarm level, the upper computer links the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to remind the underground workers to take protective measures, and simultaneously links to turn on the ventilation fan and set its speed to 30% of the rated speed. When the gas concentration exceeds the danger level, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and sets its speed to 60% of the rated speed. When the gas concentration exceeds the emergency level, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and sets its speed to 100% of the rated speed, and notifies the cessation of all underground operations, and the workers to evacuate to the underground refuge chamber.

[0124] In this embodiment, a preset sound path is used when the system enters self-test mode. During calibration, the edge computing node controls the host computer to perform a self-test on the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer; the host computer controls the two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers to rotate to a preset sound path. The corresponding target angle position; the multi-parameter environmental sensor detects the current environmental data information and transmits it to the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model. The intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model are called, and the temperature T, pressure p, and humidity RH in the real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) are used as input data. The sound attenuation coefficient in clean air under the current environmental conditions is obtained by querying. The detected sound attenuation coefficient is compared with the original data in the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model. When the error exceeds the preset threshold, the calibration parameters of the current device are updated to improve the accuracy of detection.

[0125] In this embodiment, the spray dust suppression robot is equipped with a high-pressure air gun, and in self-test mode, a preset sound path is established. When the measured attenuation coefficient deviates by more than 20% from the theoretical attenuation coefficient in the smart acoustic parameter database and inversion model, the edge computing node transmits the cleaning signal of the spray dust suppression robot, and the spray dust suppression robot follows the preset sound path. Two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers with measured attenuation coefficients deviating from the theoretical attenuation coefficients by more than 20% were subjected to high-pressure air blowing cleaning to ensure the normal operation of the detection system.

[0126] The spray dust suppression robot uses a tracked walking mechanism and adjusts the concentration and intensity of the fourth-level dust suppressant according to the four-level dust concentration threshold. The dust suppressant concentration is the ratio of the weight of the dust suppressant to the weight of water. The concentration of the first-level dust suppressant is 3%, the second-level dust suppressant is 6%, the third-level dust suppressant is 10%, and the fourth-level dust suppressant is 15%. The pressure of the first-level spray intensity is 1 MPa, the pressure of the second-level spray intensity is 3 MPa, the pressure of the third-level spray intensity is 5 MPa, and the pressure of the fourth-level spray intensity is 7 MPa.

[0127] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method and system for ultrasonic array sensing of mine gas and dust parameters, characterized in that, A horizontally rotatable array of explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers is arranged on both sides of the mine roadway cross-section to establish multiple intersecting sound wave propagation paths covering the roadway cross-section. The transducers in the array are controlled to work alternately in a transceiver mode to acquire the sound path L of each path. i Tailwind flight time at different frequencies Flight time against the wind And amplitude attenuation information; combined with real-time temperature, humidity and pressure data collected by multi-parameter environmental sensors in the tunnel, the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model are called to determine the wind speed V in the tunnel cross section. wind Gas concentration C gas Dust concentration C dust and dust particle size D dust The parameters are simultaneously inverted and solved; The wind speed V obtained from the inversion wind Gas concentration C gas Dust concentration C dust and dust particle size D dust Parameters are transmitted to a visualization monitoring platform, where the environmental parameters of the tunnel cross-section are reconstructed into a grid and a distribution map is generated. The propagation path of the dust cloud is predicted by combining the changing trends of environmental parameters at adjacent times. When the dust concentration C in the monitoring area... dust or gas concentration C gas When the preset classification threshold is reached, the corresponding early warning signal is output, and the ventilation equipment, dust suppression equipment and explosion-proof alarm equipment are linked to implement the corresponding classification disaster prevention and control measures.

2. The ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Ultrasonic transducer arrangement and environmental parameter detection; S11: Two slide rails (2) are arranged in parallel on both sides of the mine roadway. A explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers (1) are arranged on each slide rail to form A×A cross sound wave propagation paths covering the entire roadway cross section. S12: All explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are wideband adjustable frequency explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers; the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator emits a wideband excitation signal, which is amplified by the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier; each explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer outputs a different excitation frequency signal after a passive bandpass filter; a multi-parameter environmental sensor is arranged at both ends of each track; all explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers have dual transmit and receive functions, and alternate operation is achieved by switching the transmission direction to realize the sound wave flight time when with the wind. Time of flight of sound waves against the wind Measurement; Step 2: Ultrasonic data acquisition; Sound path L i The transducers at both ends alternately serve as the transmitting and receiving ends to acquire acoustic wave data for the same acoustic path L. i The flight time and amplitude over five consecutive reception cycles are averaged, and the averaged flight time is taken as the detected flight time. Take the maximum amplitude of each of the 5 cycles and calculate the average, which is taken as the amplitude P. i ; Step 3: Algorithm for inversion and compensation of wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration; Flight time at different frequencies and amplitude P i By combining a smart acoustic parameter database and an inversion model, the wind speed V is calculated. wind Gas concentration C gas And the dust-added attenuation spectrum at different frequencies, and the dust concentration C is inverted based on the dust-added attenuation spectrum. dust Dust particle size D dust ; Step 4: Signal transmission and visualization generation; Wind speed V wind Dust concentration C dust Dust particle size D dust Gas concentration C gas The data is transmitted to a visual monitoring platform using a 5G communication node in the mine; a visual cloud map of dust and fluid propagation is generated to predict the propagation path of dust and fluid. Step 5: Tiered early warning and coordinated disaster prevention and control; Regarding dust concentration C dust Gas concentration C gas Real-time threshold detection triggers alarms and coordinated disaster prevention and control measures when limits are exceeded, ensuring the occupational health and safety of underground workers in real time.

3. The ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step one, each explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer on the slide rail is installed via a horizontal rotation system; the horizontal rotation system has a built-in explosion-proof DC motor (3), a rotating platform (4), a control circuit board, and an explosion-proof power supply; the explosion-proof DC motor is fixedly installed on the guide rail; the explosion-proof DC motor drives the rotating platform (4) through a shaft, coupling, reducer, and turntable; an explosion-proof power supply is arranged on one side of the tunnel to provide power to the explosion-proof DC motor, the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator, and the explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier; the control circuit board adjusts the target sound path L according to the target explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer. i The rotation angle of the explosion-proof DC motor is controlled, thereby controlling the rotation angle of the rotating platform, so that the acoustic axes of the two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers are set coaxially and opposite to each other.

4. The ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step three, the inversion and compensation algorithm for wind speed, gas concentration, and dust parameters is as follows: S31: Call the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, using real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) including temperature T, pressure p, and humidity RH as input data, to query and obtain the sound attenuation coefficient in clean air under the current environmental conditions, the attenuation coefficient of dust per unit concentration at different frequencies and particle sizes, and the attenuation coefficient of dust at different frequencies. Lower reference amplitude And the theoretical gas velocity corresponding to different gas concentrations ; S32: Different frequencies The measured time of flight of sound waves with the wind Time of flight of sound waves against the wind Calculate different frequencies according to formula (1) Sound path wind speed ; Calculate different frequencies according to formula (2) Sound path average speed of sound ; Calculate different frequencies according to formula (3) Sound path Wind speed attenuation coefficient ; S33: Different frequencies The amplitude measured below Calculate different frequencies according to formula (4) Measured total attenuation coefficient ; S34: Calculate different frequencies according to formula (5) Attenuation coefficient after removing the influence of wind speed ; S35: Different frequencies The speed of sound measured below Calculate different frequencies according to formula (6) Lower gas concentration ; S36: Call the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model, and input the temperature T, pressure p, humidity RH from the real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) and the gas concentration obtained from step S35. As input data, query to obtain different frequencies under the current environmental conditions. gas concentration attenuation coefficient ; Calculate the attenuation coefficient caused by dust according to formula (7) ; S37: Calculate the dust mass concentration based on formula (8) and the dust-added attenuation spectrum at multiple frequencies. Dust equivalent particle size ; 5. The ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step three, the process of establishing the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model is as follows: S311: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by changing the temperature T, the sound attenuation coefficient at different temperatures under clean air was calibrated. ; S312: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by changing the pressure p, the sound attenuation coefficients under different pressures in clean air were calibrated. ; S313: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by varying the humidity (RH), the sound attenuation coefficients under different humidity levels in clean air were calibrated. ; S314: In a simulated tunnel environment in a laboratory setting, under dust-free conditions, change the concentration of methane gas in the gas. Different gas concentrations were calibrated. speed of sound in gas Sound attenuation coefficient ; S315: In a simulated tunnel environment in a dust-free environment, by varying the wind speed, the sound attenuation coefficients at different wind speeds under clean air conditions were calibrated. ; S316: In a laboratory simulation of a tunnel environment, using dust particles of the same size, simulate a known dust concentration C. dust In a dusty environment, the sound attenuation α for different dust concentrations was calibrated. dust ; S317: In a laboratory simulation of a tunnel environment, different particle sizes D were used. dust Dust particles, simulating the same dust concentration C dust In a dusty environment, the particle size spectrum of different dust particle sizes was determined. dust ; S318: The initial data is divided into training, validation and test sets. A random forest model is used for training, and the training effect is tested using the validation and test sets. At the same time, an incremental learning training method is adopted to update the model parameters with new data, forming a smart acoustic parameter database and inversion model.

6. The ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step four, the visualization monitoring platform performs cross-sectional grid reconstruction based on the inversion results of each sound path, generates an environmental parameter distribution map within the tunnel cross-section, and determines the dust cloud propagation direction based on the changing trend of the environmental parameter distribution map at adjacent times, thereby predicting the dust cloud propagation path.

7. The ultrasonic array sensing method for mine gas dust parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step five, the process of tiered early warning and coordinated disaster prevention and control is as follows: S51: Set four dust concentration threshold levels, corresponding to warning level, alarm level, hazard protection level, and emergency protection level, respectively. When the visual monitoring platform detects that the dust concentration in any sound path corresponding area or cross-section reconstruction area exceeds the set threshold, it immediately links the upper computer to the ventilation fan, spray dust suppression robot, and explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to reduce the dust concentration. When the warning level is exceeded, the upper computer links the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to remind the underground workers to take dust protection measures, and simultaneously links to turn on the ventilation fan and set its speed to 20% of the rated speed, and links to turn on the spray dust suppression robot. The dust suppression robot is controlled for Level 1 dust suppression operation. When the alarm level is exceeded, the host computer controls the ventilator and sets its speed to 40% of the rated speed, and activates the spray dust suppression robot for Level 2 dust suppression operation. When the hazard protection level is exceeded, the host computer controls the ventilator and sets its speed to 65% of the rated speed, and activates the spray dust suppression robot for Level 3 dust suppression operation. When the emergency protection level is exceeded, the host computer controls the ventilator and sets its speed to 100% of the rated speed, and activates the spray dust suppression robot for Level 4 dust suppression operation. S52: Set three levels of gas concentration thresholds, corresponding to alarm level, danger level, and emergency level respectively; when the visual monitoring platform detects that the gas concentration in any area corresponding to the sound path or the cross-section reconstruction area exceeds the set threshold, it immediately links the upper computer to the ventilation fan and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to reduce the gas concentration; when the alarm level is exceeded, the upper computer links the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm to remind the underground workers to take protective measures, and at the same time links to turn on the ventilation fan and set the speed to 30% of the rated speed; when the danger level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and sets the speed to 60% of the rated speed; when the emergency level is exceeded, the upper computer links to control the ventilation fan and sets the speed to 100% of the rated speed, and notifies to stop all underground operations and for the workers to evacuate to the underground refuge chamber.

8. The ultrasonic array sensing system for mine gas and dust parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a rotatable ultrasonic transducer array, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator, an explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier, a multi-parameter environmental sensor, an edge computing node, a 5G communication node, a host computer, a ventilator, a spray dust suppression robot, an explosion-proof audible and visual alarm, and a visual monitoring platform. The rotatable ultrasonic transducer array includes two slide rails (2) arranged on both sides of the tunnel wall, a horizontal rotation system, and an explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer (1). The explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers (1) are all transceiver integrated transducers that emit and receive ultrasonic signals; The explosion-proof ultrasonic signal generator excites ultrasonic signals; The explosion-proof ultrasonic signal amplifier enhances the ultrasonic signal; The multi-parameter environmental sensors are set at both ends of the slide rail (2) to monitor the tunnel temperature, humidity and pressure in real time as reference environmental parameters and send them to the edge computing node; The edge computing node is connected to the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer (1), the multi-parameter environmental sensor, the 5G communication node, and the host computer; the edge computing node is equipped with a smart acoustic parameter database and an inversion model; the environmental information monitored by the multi-parameter environmental sensor is transmitted to the smart acoustic parameter database and the inversion model and combined with the data detected by the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer (1), and the edge computing node is used to invert the wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information; the inverted wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information are transmitted to the 5G communication node and the host computer; The 5G communication node is connected to the visualization monitoring platform, and uses the underground 5G signal to transmit the inverted information on wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration to the visualization monitoring platform; the 5G communication node is also connected to the ventilation fan, the spray dust suppression robot, and the explosion-proof sound and light alarm to transmit linkage control signals. The host computer compares the received wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information with the set graded early warning thresholds. When the thresholds are exceeded, a linkage signal is sent to the ventilation fan, the spray dust suppression robot, and the explosion-proof audible and visual alarm via the 5G communication node. The host computer is connected to a horizontal rotation system, which uses the target explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer in the rotating array to establish different sound path L. i And collect acoustic wave data information under the corresponding acoustic path; The ventilator adjusts the ventilation volume according to the adjustment signal sent by the host computer to perform ventilation and dust removal operations; The dust suppression spraying robot performs dust suppression operations based on the operation signals sent by the host computer; The explosion-proof audible and visual alarm device reminds operators to pay attention to work safety based on the warning signal sent by the host computer; The visualization monitoring platform generates a visualization of dust fluid propagation cloud map based on the inverted wind speed, dust concentration, dust particle size, and gas concentration information transmitted from underground.

9. The ultrasonic array sensing system for mine gas and dust parameters according to claim 8, characterized in that, The explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers on the slide rail are arranged in an array along the slide rail direction, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers is preset according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnel.

10. The ultrasonic array sensing system for mine gas and dust parameters according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the system enters self-test mode, a preset sound path is used. During calibration, the edge computing node controls the host computer to perform a self-test on the explosion-proof ultrasonic transducer; the host computer controls the two explosion-proof ultrasonic transducers to rotate to a preset sound path. The corresponding target angle position; the multi-parameter environmental sensor detects the current environmental data information and transmits it to the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model. The intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model are called, and the temperature T, pressure p, and humidity RH in the real-time environmental parameters (T, p, RH) are used as input data. The sound attenuation coefficient in clean air under the current environmental conditions is obtained by querying. The detected sound attenuation coefficient is compared with the original data in the intelligent acoustic parameter database and inversion model. When the error exceeds the preset threshold, the calibration parameters of the current device are updated to improve the accuracy of detection.

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