Brush assembly and generator

Abstract

The application provides a brush assembly and a generator. The brush assembly comprises a brush holder, an adapter module, a brush holder, a monitoring device and a power supply circuit; the adapter module is installed on the brush holder, and the adapter module has a mounting hole; the brush holder is installed on the brush holder, and the brush holder has a shaft body, the end of the shaft body is inserted into the mounting hole; the power supply circuit has a first switch and a power supply; the first switch comprises a first inner pin and a first shaft pin, the first inner pin is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole, and the first shaft pin is arranged at the shaft end surface of the shaft body inserted into the mounting hole; when the brush holder is locked on the brush holder, the first shaft pin is in contact with the first inner pin to make the power supply circuit conductive, thereby supplying power to the monitoring device. Through the above scheme, when the brush holder is locked on the brush holder, the circuit of the brush holder monitoring device is made to be conductive, which can effectively reduce the false data, improve the accuracy of the brush holder state judgment, thereby improving the reliability of the brush holder state monitoring, and then improving the reliability of the generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of generator technology, and more particularly to a brush assembly and a generator. Background Technology

[0002] A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Generators can be categorized based on the source of their mechanical energy, including thermal power generators, hydropower generators, wind power generators, diesel / gasoline generators, and nuclear power generators. When a generator produces electricity, direct current (DC) is supplied to the rotor coils (also known as excitation coils) to generate an excitation magnetic field. This magnetic field causes the stator coils to cut the magnetic field lines, generating electrical energy. Since the rotor coils are mounted on the generator shaft and need to rotate with it, slip rings that rotate synchronously with the shaft are installed on the rotor assembly. DC current is transmitted to the slip rings via a brush assembly through sliding contact, and then transferred to the rotor coils through the slip rings.

[0003] The brush assembly includes a brush holder and a brush grip mounted on the brush holder. The brush grip includes a brush handle, a shaft, a connecting plate (also known as a brush base), a brush box, and carbon brushes, connected in sequence. The carbon brushes are slidably mounted in the brush box, with one end abutting against the slip ring and the other end abutting against a constant force spring. The deformation-restoring force of the constant force spring holds the carbon brush against the slip ring, ensuring stable current flow between the carbon brush and the slip ring. Current flows from the connecting plate, brush box, and carbon brush of the positive electrode to the positive electrode slip ring. The rotor coil transmits the current from the positive electrode slip ring to the negative electrode slip ring and returns through the negative electrode carbon brush.

[0004] To ensure the generator can operate normally and continuously and stably, the condition of the brush holders needs to be monitored, such as through current monitoring, carbon brush wear monitoring, and temperature monitoring. Currently, the reliability of brush holder condition monitoring is poor, which leads to poor generator reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a brush assembly and a generator to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a brush assembly is provided, comprising a brush holder, an adapter module, a brush grip, a monitoring device, and a power supply circuit; the adapter module is mounted on the brush holder and has a mounting hole; the brush grip is mounted on the brush holder and has a shaft, the end of which is inserted into the mounting hole; the monitoring device is configured to monitor information of the brush grip; the power supply circuit supplies power to the monitoring device and has a first switch and a power source, the first switch including a first inner pin and a first shaft pin, the first inner pin being disposed at the bottom of the mounting hole, and the first shaft pin being disposed at the shaft end face where the shaft is inserted into the mounting hole; when the brush grip is inserted into the brush holder and is not locked, the first shaft pin and the first inner pin have a distance δ in the axial direction of the shaft; when the brush grip is locked in the brush holder, the first shaft pin contacts the first inner pin to make the power supply circuit conduct, thereby supplying power to the monitoring device.

[0007] Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes a second switch, a first line, and a second line; the first line connects the monitoring device and the first pole of the power supply, and the second line connects the monitoring device and the second pole of the power supply; the first switch is connected to the first line, and the second switch is connected to the second line; the second switch includes a second inner pin and a second shaft pin, the second inner pin being disposed on the inner surface of the mounting hole, and the second shaft pin being disposed at the end of the shaft body inserted into the mounting hole; wherein, when the brush holder is inserted into the brush holder and is not locked, the first shaft pin and the first inner pin have a distance δ in the axial direction of the shaft body, and the second inner pin and the second shaft pin are disconnected; when the brush holder is locked in the brush holder, the first shaft pin is in contact with the first inner pin, and the second inner pin and the second shaft pin are in contact, so that the power supply circuit is turned on, thereby supplying power to the monitoring device.

[0008] Optionally, the second shaft pin is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body, and the second inner pin is disposed on the wall of the mounting hole.

[0009] Optionally, the adapter module includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is mounted on the brush holder, and the inner cylinder defines a mounting hole. The inner cylinder is rotatably disposed within the inner hole of the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder and the shaft are in a circumferential stop fit. The power supply circuit also has a third switch, which is connected to a second circuit. The third switch includes a second middle pin and a second outer pin. The second middle pin is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder and connected to the second inner pin. The second outer pin is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder. When the brush holder is inserted into the brush holder and rotates without locking, the second middle pin and the second outer pin are offset circumferentially along the mounting hole. When the brush holder is locked in the brush holder, the first shaft pin contacts the first inner pin, the second middle pin contacts the second outer pin, and the second inner pin contacts the second shaft pin, so that the power supply circuit is turned on, thereby supplying power to the monitoring device.

[0010] Optionally, the adapter module also includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is mounted on the brush holder, the inner cylinder defines the mounting hole, and the inner cylinder is rotatably disposed in the inner hole of the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder and the shaft are in a circumferential stop fit. The power supply circuit also has a fourth switch, which is connected to the first line of the power supply circuit. The fourth switch includes a first middle pin and a first outer pin. The first middle pin is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder and connected to the first inner pin. The first outer pin is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder. When the brush holder is inserted into the brush holder and rotates without locking, the first middle pin and the first outer pin are offset circumferentially along the mounting hole. When the brush holder is locked in the brush holder, the first middle pin and the first outer pin are in contact, and the first inner pin and the first shaft pin are in contact, so that the power supply circuit is turned on, thereby supplying power to the monitoring device.

[0011] Optionally, a cap is provided at the opening of the mounting hole, the cap being configured to be pushed open by the shaft as it is inserted into the mounting hole.

[0012] Optionally, the adapter module further includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is installed on the brush holder, the inner cylinder defines the mounting hole, and the inner cylinder is rotatably disposed in the inner hole of the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder and the shaft are in a circumferential stop fit. The end of the outer cylinder away from the bottom of the mounting hole extends beyond the end of the inner cylinder away from the bottom of the mounting hole to define a clearance space. When the shaft is inserted into the mounting hole, the cover is pushed into the clearance space. The cover is hinged to the outer cylinder, or the cover includes multiple elastic plates. The elastic plates are fan-shaped and are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the outer cylinder. The arc edge of each elastic plate is connected to the outer cylinder, and the sharp corner of each elastic plate faces the axis of the outer cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the brush assembly also includes an indicator light, which is connected in series with the monitoring device and illuminates when the power supply circuit is on. And / or, the brush assembly further includes a power supply status detection circuit, which includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a power supply status detection element; the first resistor is connected in series with the monitoring device; the power supply status detection element is connected in parallel with the first resistor, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the power supply status detection element.

[0014] Optionally, the spacing δ is 1mm to 3mm.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this application, a generator is provided, which includes the aforementioned brush assembly.

[0016] In the brush assembly of this application embodiment, the above technical solution achieves the following technical effects.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the brush assembly provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a state of the adapter module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of the state of the adapter module provided in the exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part a.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Brush assembly; 11-First switch; 111-First shaft pin; 112-First internal pin; 12-Second switch; 121-Second shaft pin; 122-Second internal pin; 13-Third switch; 131-Second intermediate pin; 132-Second external pin; 14-Fourth switch; 141-First intermediate pin; 142-First external pin; 15-Brush holder; 16-Adapter module; 161-Inner cylinder; 162-Outer cylinder; 163-Mounting hole; 164-Cap; 165-Clearing space; 17-Brush grip; 171-Brush handle; 172-Shaft body; 173-Brush holder; 174-Brush box; 175-Carbon brush; 176-Constant force spring; 18 - Monitoring device; 19-Power supply circuit; 191-First circuit; 192-Second circuit; 193-Indicator light; 194-Power supply; 20 - Power supply status detection circuit; 21 - First resistor; 22 - Second resistor; 23 - Power supply status detection element. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0022] Before introducing the brush assembly and generator provided in the embodiments of this application, the preamble of the embodiments of this application will be introduced first.

[0023] To ensure the generator can operate normally and continuously and stably, a brush grip monitoring device is required to monitor the status of the brush grips. This device requires an external power supply, typically a battery.

[0024] In some feasible power supply implementations, an independent power supply line is laid along the brush holder. Each brush holder has a power supply interface on the power supply line, and the main board (i.e., circuit board) of the brush holder monitoring device also has a power supply interface. Cables connect the power supply interfaces on the power supply line to the power supply interfaces on the main board, thereby transmitting electrical energy to the circuit board via the power supply line and cable. The circuit board then transmits current to the various sensors to monitor the brush holder's operating data. The circuit board and sensors are mounted on the brush holders. During routine maintenance or repair of the generator, the brush holders need to be removed from the brush holder. Before removing the brush holders, the power cable must be disconnected from the power supply line to prevent damage to the power supply interfaces and other components due to cable pulling during removal. After the brush holders are installed back onto the brush holder, cables are inserted to connect the main board's power supply interface to the power cable's power supply interface, supplying power to the main board and enabling the brush holder monitoring device's monitoring function.

[0025] In some large generators, brush holders employ a pluggable, energized structure, with springs ensuring the conductive connection between the brush holder and the brush holder, thus guaranteeing the stability of the rotor coil energization. The brush holder is locked and disengaged by rotating a handle, a process that can be performed while the brush holder is running normally and the brush holder is energized. The design of the brush holder structure also ensures the safety of the entire operation. Locking the brush holder refers to installing it onto the brush holder, ensuring the carbon brushes of the holder contact the slip rings. Disengaging the brush holder refers to its ability to move relative to the brush holder for removal.

[0026] When operating according to the above plan, the following problems exist: 1. The need to plug and unplug cables increases the number of steps required for brush holder status monitoring. This step is not only unrelated to the basic function of the brush holder, but also increases the risk of damage to the brush holder monitoring device due to operator negligence in not unplugging the cable, or failure to monitor the brush holder status due to not plugging the cable in.

[0027] 2. Because the power supply line is located around live components, the risk of electric shock to the operator is increased during cable plugging and unplugging.

[0028] 3. Each time the cable is plugged in or unplugged, it needs to be plugged in and unplugged twice. For example: (1) The brush holder life is the same as that of the generator, i.e., 30 years; (2) The generator's annual utilization hours are 8000 hours; (3) The brush handle needs to be maintained once every 168 hours.

[0029] Based on the above data, it can be calculated that the power supply circuit of each brush holder monitoring device undergoes 2860 plug-in / plug-out cycles throughout its entire lifespan. Large steam turbine generators can have up to 48 brush holders per unit, and hydroelectric generators may have even more. This results in a significant amount of time being spent on powering on and off the brush holder monitoring devices during routine maintenance and repair of the generator.

[0030] 4. For steam turbine generators, the small diameter of the slip rings limits the space available for the brush holders. Therefore, when there are many brush holders, the operating space is limited, resulting in poor ease of cable insertion and removal, and increasing the risk of damage to components such as the power supply interface during the process. Furthermore, to facilitate operation in confined spaces, the power supply interface and the power plug on the cable are small, and the cable itself is thin. Thus, repeated insertion and removal can easily damage the interface, power supply interface, and power plug, especially when the power plug is a multi-pin connector, which can easily cause the pins to bend, affecting current flow.

[0031] In other feasible power supply implementations, a circuit board is mounted above the brush holder. This circuit board has several electrodes for powering the main control circuit of the brush holder status monitoring device and transmitting measurement signals. Several raised electrodes are positioned corresponding to the main control circuit of the brush holder, with springs positioned beneath them. When the brush holder is inserted, the electrodes on the main control circuit contact the electrodes on the circuit board located on the brush holder under the action of the springs, thereby connecting the power supply circuit and the signal transmission circuit. While this solution omits the wiring steps, it also introduces other drawbacks, mainly as follows: 1. Takes up a lot of space Due to the limited placement of components such as electrodes, the main control circuit and electrode arrangement require a large amount of space, while the space available for component installation on the brush holder is extremely limited. This results in a difficult layout and limited applicability of this solution.

[0032] 2. Electrodes are unprotected. Because the brush holder generates a lot of dust during operation, the exposed electrodes are easily contaminated, which can lead to malfunctions such as poor contact.

[0033] 3. Poor versatility Because the arrangement of electrodes is limited by the existing parts of the brush holder, as well as the shape and openings of the brush seat, the adjustment range of the electrode arrangement position is small. Furthermore, when the brush holder size changes, there are limitations in adjusting the arrangement of the main control circuit, resulting in poor adaptability to many motors.

[0034] 4. Error data exists. The brush holder installation process involves initial insertion into the brush holder, followed by rotation relative to the brush holder and pushing towards the axis to overcome the spring force until the brush holder is locked in place. When the brush holder is initially inserted into the brush holder, the electrodes on the main control circuit contact the electrodes on the circuit board on the brush holder, thus completing the circuit of the brush holder monitoring device. However, at this point, the brush holder is not locked and is not in the working position. Therefore, the measurement data at this stage is invalid. Only after the brush holder is further inserted and locked is it properly installed and in the working position. During the process from initial insertion to locking, the brush holder may need to be removed and reinstalled due to various reasons (e.g., improper insertion position preventing locking, incorrect hole numbering requiring reinstallation, etc.). This results in erroneous data being collected, affecting the accuracy of brush holder status judgment.

[0035] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a brush assembly and a generator, and design the power supply circuit of the brush holder monitoring device. This design can improve the convenience and safety of daily maintenance and repair of the generator, prevent damage to the power supply circuit of the brush holder monitoring device, and ensure that the circuit of the brush holder monitoring device is turned on only when the brush holder is locked to the brush holder, thereby reducing erroneous data, improving the accuracy of brush holder status judgment, and thus improving the reliability of brush holder status monitoring.

[0036] The following combination Figures 1 to 6 The brush assembly 10 and the generator provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 2In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a brush assembly 10. The brush assembly 10 includes a brush holder 15, an adapter module 16, a brush grip 17, a monitoring device 18, and a power supply circuit 19. The adapter module 16 is mounted on the brush holder 15 and has a mounting hole 163. The brush grip 17 is mounted on the brush holder 15. The brush grip 17 has a shaft 172. The end of the shaft 172 is inserted into the mounting hole 163. The monitoring device 18 is configured to monitor information about the brush grip 17. The power supply circuit 19 includes a power supply 194 and a first switch 11. The first switch 11 includes a first inner pin 112 and a first shaft pin 111. The first inner pin 112 is disposed at the bottom of the mounting hole 163, and the first shaft pin 111 is disposed at the shaft end face where the shaft 172 is inserted into the mounting hole 163. When the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and is not locked, there is a distance δ between the first shaft pin 111 and the first inner pin 112 in the axial direction of the shaft body 172. When the brush holder 17 is locked in the brush holder 15, the first shaft pin 111 and the first inner pin 112 contact each other to make the power supply circuit 19 conduct, thereby powering the monitoring device 18.

[0038] It is understood that the embodiments of this application mainly improve the power supply circuit 19 of the monitoring device 18, and adopt the existing solution for the structure of mounting the brush holder 17 on the brush holder 15.

[0039] The brush holder 17 includes a brush handle 171, a shaft 172, a brush base 173, a brush box 174, and a carbon brush 175 connected in sequence. The carbon brush 175 is slidably mounted on the brush box 174. One end of the carbon brush 175 abuts against the slip ring, and the other end abuts against the constant force spring 176. The deformation restoring force of the constant force spring 176 holds the carbon brush 175 against the slip ring, ensuring stable current flow between the carbon brush 175 and the slip ring.

[0040] It is understood that in this embodiment, a switch, namely the first switch 11, is configured in the power supply circuit 19. Therefore, when the first shaft pin 111 contacts the first inner pin 112, the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, thereby connecting the power supply 194 to the monitoring device 18 to supply power to the monitoring device 18.

[0041] It is understood that the first switch 11 can be installed on the positive line supplying power to the monitoring device 18, or it can be installed on the negative line supplying power to the monitoring device 18. The following description uses the example of the first switch 11 being installed on the positive line supplying power to the monitoring device 18.

[0042] It is understandable that the monitoring device 18 can detect the current information of the brush holder 17, the wear information of the carbon brush 175, the temperature information of the carbon brush 175, etc.

[0043] For example, the monitoring device 18 includes a circuit board and a temperature sensor, a current sensor, and a distance sensor, all connected to the circuit board. The positive terminal of the power supply 194 is connected to the positive terminal of the circuit board via a positive line, and the negative terminal of the power supply 194 is connected to the negative terminal of the circuit board via a negative line. Thus, when the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, the power supply circuit 19 delivers electrical energy from the power supply 194 to the circuit board, thereby powering each sensor.

[0044] It is understandable that the main function of the brush holder 17 is to allow current to pass through the carbon brush 175 and the slip ring. Therefore, the first shaft pin 111 and the first inner pin 112 need to be insulated from the brush holder 17 to avoid short circuit due to electrical contact between the power supply circuit 19 of the monitoring device 18 and the power supply circuit 19 of the slip ring.

[0045] The power supply 194 is installed on the brush holder 15, and the monitoring device 18 is installed on the brush handle 17.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and not locked, the first shaft pin 111 and the first inner pin 112 are disconnected due to the distance δ. When the brush holder 17 is locked in the brush holder 15, the first shaft pin 111 and the first inner pin 112 are in contact, so that the first line 191 is connected, thereby making the power supply circuit 19 connected to supply power to the monitoring device 18. In this way, when the brush holder 17 is locked in the brush holder 15, the circuit of the brush holder 17 monitoring device 18 is connected, which can effectively reduce erroneous data, improve the accuracy of the brush holder 17 status judgment, thereby improving the reliability of the brush holder 17 status monitoring, and thus improving the reliability of the generator.

[0047] In addition, the above scheme can also be used to connect and disconnect the first line 191 of the power supply circuit 19 by installing and removing the brush holder 17, reducing the number of plugs and unplugs, which helps to improve the convenience and safety of daily maintenance and repair of the generator, effectively avoids damage to the power supply circuit of the brush holder 17 monitoring device 18, and makes the maintenance of the generator efficient and reliable.

[0048] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, the power supply circuit 19 has a second switch 12, a first line 191, and a second line 192. The first line 191 connects the monitoring device 18 and the first pole of the power supply 194, and the second line 192 connects the monitoring device 18 and the second pole of the power supply 194. The first switch 11 is connected to the first line 191, and the second switch 12 is connected to the second line 192. The second switch 12 includes a second inner pin 122 and a second shaft pin 121. The second inner pin 122 is disposed on the inner surface of the mounting hole 163, and the second shaft pin 121 is disposed at the end of the shaft body 172 inserted into the mounting hole 163. When the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and is not locked, there is a distance δ between the first shaft pin 111 and the first inner pin 112 in the axial direction of the shaft body 172, and the second inner pin 122 and the second shaft pin 121 are disconnected. When the brush holder 17 is locked to the brush holder 15, the first axis pin 111 contacts the first inner pin 112, and the second inner pin 122 contacts the second axis pin 121, so that the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, thereby powering the monitoring device 18.

[0049] It is understood that the first terminal of power supply 194 can be either positive or negative. The following example illustrates this by taking the first terminal of power supply 194 as positive and the second terminal as negative. Correspondingly, the first line 191 is the positive line that transmits current from power supply 194 to monitoring device 18, and the second line 192 is the negative line that returns the current transmitted to monitoring device 18.

[0050] In this embodiment, by using the above-described scheme, both the positive and negative terminals of the power supply circuit 19 are disconnected, which can effectively prevent the monitoring device 18 from being erroneously energized and starting erroneously due to induced electricity, thereby effectively reducing erroneous data, improving the accuracy of brush holder 17 status judgment, thereby improving the reliability of brush holder 17 status monitoring, and consequently improving the reliability of the generator.

[0051] In addition, the above scheme can also be used to connect and disconnect the first line 191 and the second line 192 of the power supply circuit 19 by installing and removing the brush holder 17, without the need for separate plugging and unplugging of the lines. This helps to improve the convenience and safety of daily maintenance and repair of the generator, avoid damage to the power supply circuit of the brush holder 17 monitoring device 18, and make the maintenance of the generator efficient and reliable.

[0052] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the second shaft pin 121 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 172, and the second inner pin 122 is disposed on the wall of the mounting hole 163. In this way, the distance between the first inner pin 112 and the first shaft pin 111, as well as the distance between the second inner pin and the second shaft pin 121, can be increased, thereby avoiding short circuits and improving the stability of current transmission.

[0053] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the adapter module 16 includes an inner cylinder 161 and an outer cylinder 162. The outer cylinder 162 is mounted on the brush holder 15. The inner cylinder 161 defines a mounting hole 163 and is rotatably disposed within the inner hole of the outer cylinder 162. The inner cylinder 161 and the shaft 172 are circumferentially engaged. The power supply circuit 19 also has a third switch 13. The third switch 13 is connected to the second line 192. The third switch 13 includes a second middle pin 131 and a second outer pin 132. The second middle pin 131 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 161 and connected to the second inner pin 122. The second outer pin 132 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 162. When the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and rotates without locking, the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132 are circumferentially misaligned along the mounting hole 163. When the brush holder 17 is locked to the brush holder 15, the first shaft pin 111 contacts the first inner pin 112, the second middle pin 131 contacts the second outer pin 132, and the second inner pin 122 contacts the second shaft pin 121, so that the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, thereby powering the monitoring device 18.

[0054] It can be understood that the circumferential stop fit between the inner cylinder 161 and the shaft 172 means that if either the inner cylinder 161 or the shaft 172 rotates circumferentially, the other will rotate synchronously with it.

[0055] Specifically, the cross-section of the mounting hole 163 is rectangular, and the shape and size of the cross-section of the part of the shaft 172 inserted into the mounting hole 163 are the same as the shape and size of the cross-section of the mounting hole 163.

[0056] It is understood that the inner cylinder 161 is rotatably disposed in the inner hole of the outer cylinder 162. This can be achieved by configuring bearings so that the inner ring and outer ring of the bearings are respectively interference-fitted with the inner cylinder 161 and the outer cylinder 162. Alternatively, a retaining ring can be provided between the inner cylinder 161 and the outer cylinder 162 so that the inner cylinder 161 can rotate relative to the outer cylinder 162 and be fixed axially relative to the outer cylinder 162.

[0057] It is understandable that when the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132 are misaligned circumferentially along the mounting hole 163, the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132 do not contact each other, thereby causing the second line 192 to be disconnected, that is, the power supply circuit 19 is in the disconnected state.

[0058] It is understood that from the moment the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 until it rotates relative to the brush holder 15 and locks itself in place, the angle of rotation of the brush holder 17 is not less than the central angle defined by the adjacent surfaces between the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132. Furthermore, from the moment the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 until it rotates relative to the brush holder 15 and locks itself in place, the angle of rotation of the brush holder 17 is not greater than the central angle defined by the opposite surfaces between the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132. This ensures that when the brush holder 17 is locked in place in the brush holder 15, the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132 remain in contact, thus facilitating the closure of the second switch 12 and connecting the second circuit 192.

[0059] in, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The main purpose is to demonstrate the relative positions of the pins before and after rotation; it does not mean that the pins need to be aligned according to the rotation. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The structure is arranged as follows. It can be understood that the first shaft pin 111 should be arranged on the end face of the shaft body 172, and the first inner pin 112 should be arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole 163.

[0060] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned limitations ensure that the power supply circuit 19 can only be made conductive after the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15, rotated, and the gap δ is eliminated. This effectively reduces erroneous data, improves the accuracy of brush holder 17 status judgment, thereby improving the reliability of brush holder 17 status monitoring, and consequently improving the reliability of the generator.

[0061] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the adapter module 16 further includes an inner cylinder 161 and an outer cylinder 162. The outer cylinder 162 is mounted on the brush holder 15. The inner cylinder 161 defines a mounting hole 163 and is rotatably disposed within the inner hole of the outer cylinder 162. The inner cylinder 161 and the shaft 172 are circumferentially engaged. A fourth switch 14 is connected to the first circuit 191. The power supply circuit 19 also has a fourth switch 14. The fourth switch 14 includes a first middle pin 141 and a first outer pin 142. The first middle pin 141 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 161 and connected to the first inner pin 112. The first outer pin 142 is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 162. When the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and rotates without locking, the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142 are circumferentially misaligned along the mounting hole 163. When the brush holder 17 is locked to the brush holder 15, the first middle pin 141 contacts the first outer pin 142, and the first inner pin 112 contacts the first shaft pin 111, so that the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, thereby powering the monitoring device 18.

[0062] It is understandable that when the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142 are misaligned circumferentially along the mounting hole 163, the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142 do not contact each other, thereby causing the first line 191 to be disconnected, that is, the power supply circuit 19 is in the disconnected state.

[0063] It is understood that from the moment the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 until it rotates relative to the brush holder 15 and locks itself in place, the angle of rotation of the brush holder 17 is not less than the central angle defined by the adjacent surfaces between the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142. Furthermore, from the moment the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 until it rotates relative to the brush holder 15 and locks itself in place, the angle of rotation of the brush holder 17 is not greater than the central angle defined by the opposite surfaces between the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142. This ensures that when the brush holder 17 is locked in place in the brush holder 15, the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142 remain in contact, facilitating the closure of the first switch 11 and connecting the first circuit 191.

[0064] Specifically, the positional relationship of the first middle pin 141 and the first outer pin 142 in the circumferential direction is the same as that of the second middle pin 131 and the second outer pin 132 in the circumferential direction.

[0065] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned limitations ensure that the power supply circuit 19 can only be made conductive after the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15, rotated, and the gap δ is eliminated. This effectively reduces erroneous data, improves the accuracy of brush holder 17 status judgment, thereby improving the reliability of brush holder 17 status monitoring, and consequently improving the reliability of the generator.

[0066] In addition, the fourth switch 14, in conjunction with the third switch 13, disconnects both the positive and negative lines of the power supply circuit 19, effectively preventing the monitoring device 18 from being erroneously energized and starting due to induced current, thereby effectively reducing erroneous data, improving the accuracy of brush holder 17 status judgment, and thus improving the reliability of brush holder 17 status monitoring, which in turn improves the reliability of the generator.

[0067] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, a cover 164 is provided at the opening of the mounting hole 163. The cover 164 is configured to be pushed open by the shaft 172 as it is inserted into the mounting hole 163. Thus, when the brush holder 17 is not installed, the cover 164 can block the opening of the mounting hole 163 to prevent dust and other contaminants from entering the mounting hole 163 and contaminating the first inner pin 112 and the second inner pin 122. This helps to ensure good contact between the first inner pin 112 and the first shaft pin 111, as well as between the second inner pin 122 and the second shaft pin 121, thereby improving overcurrent stability.

[0068] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, the adapter module 16 further includes an inner cylinder 161 and an outer cylinder 162, with the outer cylinder 162 mounted on the brush holder 15. The inner cylinder 161 defines a mounting hole 163. The inner cylinder 161 is rotatably disposed within the inner hole of the outer cylinder 162, and the inner cylinder 161 engages with the shaft 172 in the circumferential direction. One end of the outer cylinder 162, away from the bottom of the mounting hole 163, extends beyond the end of the inner cylinder 161, away from the bottom of the mounting hole 163, thus defining a clearance space 165. When the shaft 172 is inserted into the mounting hole 163, the cap 164 is pushed into the clearance space 165. In this way, by providing a clearance space 165 to accommodate the cap 164, the cap 164 can be prevented from obstructing the installation and removal of the brush holder 17 after deformation, and the stress state of the cap 164 can be improved, thus enhancing its durability.

[0069] Specifically, the inner cylinder 161 can rotate freely relative to the outer cylinder 162, but is fixed axially relative to the outer cylinder 162. When the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and initially obstructed axially, the end of the shaft 172 is inserted into the mounting hole 163, with a gap δ between the first inner pin 112 and the first shaft pin 111. When the brush holder 17 is locked, the shaft of the brush holder 17 moves a gap δ relative to the inner cylinder 161 as the locking operation occurs. Under this movement, the first inner pin 112 contacts the first shaft pin 111.

[0070] The outer cylinder 162 is fixed to the brush holder 15, that is, the outer cylinder 162 is fixed relative to the brush base 173 of the brush holder 17.

[0071] In some embodiments, the cover 164 is hinged to the outer cylinder 162. This makes the installation of the cover 164 simple and reliable.

[0072] Specifically, there are multiple caps 164, arranged sequentially along the circumference, with one end of each cap 164 away from the axis of the outer cylinder 162 hinged to the outer cylinder. A return spring is provided between the cap 164 and the outer cylinder 162. When the brush holder 17 is installed, the end of the shaft 172 pushes the cap 164, causing the cap 164 to rotate around the axis of the corresponding hinged part into the receiving space, and the deformation of the return spring increases. When the brush holder 17 is removed, as the shaft 172 is withdrawn from the mounting hole 163, the restoring force of the return spring causes the cap 164 to return to its original position, thus blocking the opening of the mounting hole 163.

[0073] In some embodiments, the cap 164 includes a plurality of elastic sheets. The elastic sheets are fan-shaped. The plurality of elastic sheets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the outer cylinder 162, and the arc edge of each elastic sheet is connected to the outer cylinder 162, with the pointed corner of each elastic sheet facing the axis of the outer cylinder 162. This makes the cap 164 simple in structure and easy to maintain.

[0074] Specifically, the cap 164 is an elastic rubber sheet.

[0075] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the carbon brush 175 assembly also includes an indicator light 193, which is connected in series with the monitoring device 18. The indicator light 193 illuminates when the power supply circuit 19 is on. This allows operators to intuitively determine whether the power supply circuit 19 is on based on the status of the indicator light 193, improving the convenience of brush holder 17 inspection and maintenance.

[0076] For example, an indicator light 193, which is an LED light, is arranged in the power supply circuit 19 of the brush holder 17. When the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, the LED light is constantly lit to indicate successful power supply. If the LED light is not lit after the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and locked relative to the brush holder 15, it indicates a fault in the power supply circuit 19. If the LED light flashes after the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and locked relative to the brush holder 15, it indicates poor contact.

[0077] Specifically, indicator light 193 is a light-emitting diode.

[0078] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the carbon brush 175 assembly further includes a power supply status detection circuit 20. The power supply status detection circuit 20 includes a first resistor 21, a second resistor 22, and a power supply status detection element 23. The first resistor 21 is connected in series with the monitoring device 18. The power supply status detection element 23 is connected in parallel with the first resistor 21. The second resistor 22 is connected in series with the power supply status detection element 23. Thus, an electrical signal can be generated by the power supply status detection element 23 to connect with the processor signal, allowing the processor to determine whether the monitoring device 18 is powered based on the electrical signal generated by the power supply status detection element 23, thereby facilitating the analysis and determination of the working status of the brush holder 17.

[0079] Specifically, in the power supply circuit 19 of the monitoring device 18, a power supply status monitoring element is connected in parallel with the monitoring device 18. Thus, when the brush holder 17 is inserted into the brush holder 15 and locked relative to it, the power supply status monitoring element is energized, sending a high-level signal to the processor, which records that the brush holder 17 is in a locked state. The processor can use this signal to determine whether the brush length lifespan calculation needs to be restarted. When the brush holder 17 is released, the power supply circuit 19 is disconnected, the power supply status monitoring element is de-energized, sending a low-level signal to the processor, which records that the brush holder 17 is in an unlocked state.

[0080] For example, the power supply status detection element 23 can be a voltage detection chip, an optocoupler, a comparator, etc. Specifically, when the power supply circuit 19 is turned on, the power supply status detection element 23 is energized, thereby outputting a high-frequency voltage or a low-frequency voltage.

[0081] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the spacing δ is 1mm to 3mm.

[0082] It is understood that the spacing δ includes, but is not limited to, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.34mm, 1.35mm, 1.38mm, 1.5mm, 1.7mm, 1.71mm, 1.72mm, 1.77mm, 1.8mm, 1.87mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.43mm, 2.5mm, 2.54mm, 2.65mm, 2.7mm, 2.73mm, 2.75mm, 2.76mm, 2.85mm, 2.9mm, 2.97mm, and 3mm.

[0083] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned limitations ensure that the spacing δ is sufficient, preventing the first inner pin 112 from making accidental contact with the first shaft pin 111 due to flatness, which could mislead the power supply circuit 19 to be turned on. This can effectively reduce erroneous data and improve the accuracy of brush holder 17 status judgment. On the other hand, it prevents the spacing δ from being too large, which would result in a larger size for the brush holder 15 to mount the brush holder 17 and affect the arrangement of other component structures.

[0084] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a generator. This generator includes a brush assembly 10 as provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0085] It is understood that a generator also includes a rotor assembly, a stator assembly, and a housing. The rotor assembly includes a shaft, rotor coils mounted on the shaft, and slip rings fitted onto the shaft and connected to the rotor coils. The stator assembly includes stator coils.

[0086] The generator includes the brush assembly 10 described above. The generator has all the beneficial effects of the brush assembly 10 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] In summary, the brush assembly 10 and generator provided in this application embodiment have at least the following technical effects: 1. The first line 191 of the power supply circuit 19 and the second line 192 can be connected and disconnected by installing and removing the brush holder 17, eliminating the tedious operation of plugging and unplugging each time, avoiding damage to the connector or loss of measurement signal due to personnel missing the plugging and unplugging steps, saving a lot of manpower and material resources, and the operation is convenient and quick. It can effectively prevent data distortion caused by loosening of the connector due to repeated plugging and unplugging of the interface.

[0088] 2. The switches that enable the first circuit 191 to be turned on and off and the switches that enable the second circuit 192 to be turned on and off are arranged around the shaft 172. They occupy little space, can be applied to a wider range of products, and have greater versatility.

[0089] 3. Equipped with a cover 164, when the brush holder 17 is not installed, the cover 164 can block the opening of the mounting hole 163 to prevent dust and other contaminants from entering the mounting hole 163 and contaminating the first inner pin 112 and the second inner pin 122. This helps to ensure good contact between the first inner pin 112 and the first shaft pin 111, as well as the second inner pin 122 and the second shaft pin 121, thereby improving overcurrent stability.

[0090] 4. Configure indicator light 193, which can clearly indicate the current status of power supply circuit 19 by the on, off and flashing of indicator light 193.

[0091] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0092] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0093] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0094] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A brush assembly, characterized in that, include: Brush holder (15); An adapter module (16) is installed on the brush holder (15), and the adapter module (16) has a mounting hole (163). A brush holder (17) is mounted on the brush holder (15). The brush holder (17) has a shaft (172) and the end of the shaft (172) is inserted into the mounting hole (163). The monitoring device (18) is configured to monitor information of the brush holder (17); The power supply circuit (19) has a first switch (11) and a power supply (194). The first switch (11) includes a first inner pin (112) and a first shaft pin (111). The first inner pin (112) is disposed at the bottom of the mounting hole (163), and the first shaft pin (111) is disposed at the shaft end face where the shaft body (172) is inserted into the mounting hole (163). When the brush holder (17) is inserted into the brush holder (15) and is not locked, the first shaft pin (111) and the first inner pin (112) have a distance δ in the axial direction of the shaft body (172). When the brush holder (17) is locked to the brush holder (15), the first shaft pin (111) and the first inner pin (112) are in contact to make the power supply circuit (19) conduct, thereby powering the monitoring device (18).

2. The brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (19) also has a second switch (12), a first line (191) and a second line (192), the first line (191) connecting the monitoring device (18) and the first pole of the power supply (194), and the second line (192) connecting the monitoring device (18) and the second pole of the power supply (194); The first switch (11) is connected to the first line (191), and the second switch (12) is connected to the second line (192). The second switch (12) includes a second inner pin (122) and a second shaft pin (121). The second inner pin (122) is disposed on the inner surface of the mounting hole (163), and the second shaft pin (121) is disposed at the end of the shaft (172) inserted into the mounting hole (163). When the brush holder (17) is inserted into the brush holder (15) and is not locked, there is a distance δ between the first shaft pin (111) and the first inner pin (112) in the axial direction of the shaft body (172), and the second inner pin (122) and the second shaft pin (121) are disconnected. When the brush holder (17) is locked to the brush holder (15), the first shaft pin (111) is in contact with the first inner pin (112), and the second inner pin (122) and the second shaft pin (121) are in contact, so that the power supply circuit (19) is turned on, thereby powering the monitoring device (18).

3. The brush assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second shaft pin (121) is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body (172), and the second inner pin (122) is disposed on the wall of the mounting hole (163).

4. The brush assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adapter module (16) includes an inner cylinder (161) and an outer cylinder (162). The outer cylinder (162) is installed on the brush holder (15). The inner cylinder (161) defines the mounting hole (163) and is rotatably disposed in the inner hole of the outer cylinder (162). The inner cylinder (161) and the shaft (172) are in a circumferential stop fit. The power supply circuit (19) also has a third switch (13), which is connected to the second line (192). The third switch (13) includes a second middle pin (131) and a second outer pin (132). The second middle pin (131) is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder (161) and connected to the second inner pin (122). The second outer pin (132) is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder (162). When the brush holder (17) is inserted into the brush holder (15) and rotates without being locked, the second middle pin (131) and the second outer pin (132) are circumferentially misaligned along the mounting hole (163). When the brush holder (17) is locked in the brush holder (15), the first shaft pin (111) contacts the first inner pin (112), the second middle pin (131) contacts the second outer pin (132), and the second inner pin (122) contacts the second shaft pin (121), so that the power supply circuit (19) is turned on, thereby powering the monitoring device (18).

5. The brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter module (16) further includes an inner cylinder (161) and an outer cylinder (162). The outer cylinder (162) is installed on the brush holder (15). The inner cylinder (161) defines the mounting hole (163) and is rotatably disposed in the inner hole of the outer cylinder (162). The inner cylinder (161) and the shaft (172) are in a circumferential stop fit. The power supply circuit (19) also has a fourth switch (14), which is connected to the first line (191) of the power supply circuit (19). The fourth switch (14) includes a first middle pin (141) and a first outer pin (142). The first middle pin (141) is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder (161) and connected to the first inner pin (112). The first outer pin (142) is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder (162). When the brush holder (17) is inserted into the brush holder (15) and rotates without being locked, the first middle pin (141) and the first outer pin (142) are circumferentially misaligned along the mounting hole (163). When the brush holder (17) is locked in the brush holder (15), the first middle pin (141) contacts the first outer pin (142), and the first inner pin (112) contacts the first shaft pin (111), so that the power supply circuit (19) is turned on, thereby powering the monitoring device (18).

6. The brush assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A cover (164) is provided at the opening of the mounting hole (163), the cover (164) being configured to be pushed open by the shaft (172) as the shaft (172) is inserted into the mounting hole (163).

7. The brush assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adapter module (16) further includes an inner cylinder (161) and an outer cylinder (162). The outer cylinder (162) is installed on the brush holder (15). The inner cylinder (161) defines the mounting hole (163) and is rotatably disposed in the inner hole of the outer cylinder (162). The inner cylinder (161) and the shaft (172) are in a circumferential stop fit. The end of the outer cylinder (162) away from the bottom of the mounting hole (163) extends beyond the end of the inner cylinder (161) away from the bottom of the mounting hole (163) to define a clearance space (165). When the shaft (172) is inserted into the mounting hole (163), the cover (164) is pushed into the clearance space (165). The cover (164) is hinged to the outer cylinder (162), or the cover (164) includes a plurality of elastic sheets, the elastic sheets are fan-shaped, the plurality of elastic sheets are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the outer cylinder (162), and the arc edge of each elastic sheet is connected to the outer cylinder (162), and the sharp corner of each elastic sheet faces the axis of the outer cylinder (162).

8. The brush assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The brush assembly (10) also includes an indicator light (193), which is connected in series with the monitoring device (18). When the power supply circuit (19) is turned on, the indicator light (193) illuminates. And / or, the brush assembly (10) further includes a power supply status detection circuit (20), the power supply status detection circuit (20) comprising: The first resistor (21) is connected in series with the monitoring device (18); A power supply status detection element (23) is connected in parallel with the first resistor (21); and The second resistor (22) is connected in parallel with the power supply status detection element (23).

9. The brush assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The spacing δ is 1mm~3mm.

10. A generator, characterized in that, Includes the brush assembly (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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