A new mine air compressor fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors. The system includes a monitoring host installed in the air compressor area of ​​an underground coal mine, temperature and smoke sensors connected to the monitoring host, an electric valve assembly controlled by the monitoring host, and a host computer communicatively connected to the monitoring host. The temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of relevant parts of the mining air compressor in real time, and the smoke sensors are used to detect the smoke concentration in the area where the air compressor is located in real time. The monitoring host receives the monitoring signals from each sensor and analyzes and judges them according to pre-set fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules. When the temperature monitoring signal and / or the smoke monitoring signal meet the preset alarm conditions, a fire prevention and extinguishing control command is generated, triggering the electric valve assembly to open and spray the fire extinguishing medium, thus timely preventing or handling fires in the mining air compressor. The host computer is used to realize remote ground monitoring and operation of the underground air compressor's operating status and fire prevention and extinguishing status.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring technology for air compressors, and in particular to a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine production, air compressors, as one of the most important power equipment underground, operate under high load and continuous conditions for extended periods. Their operating environment typically features high temperatures, high dust levels, and complex ventilation conditions. Current technologies often equip mining air compressors with temperature detection devices, smoke detection devices, and independent fire extinguishing equipment. By monitoring the equipment's operating status and the surrounding environment, audible and visual alarms are triggered in case of abnormalities. Some systems also support the activation of fire extinguishing agents via electrically controlled valves or manual operation, and the operating status of underground equipment can be centrally displayed and managed through a ground-based monitoring terminal.

[0003] However, existing fire prevention and extinguishing technologies for mining air compressors generally suffer from problems such as scattered monitoring information, limited linkage between alarms and actuators, reliance on manual intervention in fire response, and insufficient collaborative control capabilities between underground equipment and ground monitoring. Under complex working conditions, it is difficult to effectively deal with potential fires in a timely and accurate manner, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of mining air compressor operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new technical solution to meet the higher requirements of fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring in the operating environment of underground air compressors in coal mines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors to improve the safety and reliability of mining air compressor operation.

[0006] This application provides a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors, comprising:

[0007] The monitoring host is located in the air compressor area of ​​the coal mine. It is used to receive monitoring signals from sensors and generate fire prevention and extinguishing control commands according to the preset fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules. When the temperature monitoring signal and / or smoke monitoring signal meet the preset alarm conditions, the electric valve group is triggered to open, so as to spray the fire extinguishing medium, thereby preventing or dealing with the fire in the mine air compressor.

[0008] Temperature sensors, connected to the monitoring host, are used to detect the temperature of relevant parts of the mining air compressor in real time and output corresponding temperature monitoring signals.

[0009] The smoke sensor, connected to the monitoring host, is used to detect the smoke concentration in the area where the mining air compressor is located in real time and output the corresponding smoke monitoring signal.

[0010] The electric valve assembly, connected to the monitoring host, is used to open or close the spray channel of the fire extinguishing medium when a fire prevention and extinguishing control command is received.

[0011] The host computer connects to the monitoring host via a communication network to remotely monitor the operating status and fire prevention and extinguishing status of the underground air compressor area and execute remote operation commands.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this application mainly include: (1) This application achieves real-time and continuous monitoring of the operating status of the mine air compressor and the surrounding environment by centrally linking the temperature sensor and smoke sensor with the monitoring host, and automatically generates control commands based on the preset fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules, which is conducive to triggering disposal measures in the early stage of fire, thereby effectively improving the timeliness and reliability of fire prevention and extinguishing response of the mine air compressor. (2) Through the unified control of the electric valve group by the monitoring host, the spraying process of the extinguishing medium has clear triggering conditions and controllable execution path, avoiding reliance on manual judgment and operation, which can significantly reduce the risk of fire expansion caused by human reaction delay or improper operation, and improve the inherent safety level of underground equipment operation. (3) This application introduces a communication connection mechanism between the host computer and the underground monitoring host to realize remote ground monitoring and operation of the operating status and fire prevention and extinguishing status of the air compressor area, which helps to form a centralized management mode of collaboration between the above-ground and underground, enhances the integrity and visualization of fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring, and improves the management efficiency of system operation. (4) The system integrates monitoring, judgment and execution functions through modular construction, which can meet the long-term stable operation requirements under complex working conditions in coal mines and help improve the overall safety, stability and maintenance convenience of the mining air compressor system. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors provided in the first embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this application; therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0015] The first embodiment of this application provides a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors. Please refer to... Figure 1 This figure is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of this application. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 1 The first embodiment of this application provides a novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors.

[0016] The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors includes a monitoring host 101, a temperature sensor 102, a smoke sensor 103, an electric valve assembly 104, and a host computer 105.

[0017] The monitoring host 101 is installed in the air compressor area of ​​the coal mine. It is used to receive monitoring signals from sensors and generate fire prevention and extinguishing control commands according to the preset fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules. When the temperature monitoring signal and / or smoke monitoring signal meet the preset alarm conditions, the electric valve group is triggered to open, so as to realize the spraying of fire extinguishing medium, thereby preventing or dealing with the fire in the mine air compressor.

[0018] The monitoring host 101 is installed in the air compressor area of ​​the coal mine. Its physical installation location is preferably close to the air compressor body or its pipelines, lubrication system, motor, and other areas prone to abnormal heating or fire hazards. It is designed with explosion-proof or explosion-proof intrinsically safe structures to adapt to the underground coal mine environment where there is a risk of gas and coal dust explosions. Structurally, the monitoring host 101 includes at least a signal acquisition unit, a data processing and judgment unit, a control command output unit, and a communication interface unit. These units logically work together to monitor, judge, and control fires in the air compressor area.

[0019] The signal acquisition unit of the monitoring host 101 is used to receive monitoring signals from the temperature sensor 102 and the smoke sensor 103. The temperature sensor 102 can be an intrinsically safe infrared temperature sensor for mining, which continuously detects the surface temperature or ambient temperature of relevant parts of the air compressor operating status in a non-contact manner and outputs the temperature monitoring signal in digital form. The smoke sensor 103 can be an intrinsically safe smoke sensor for mining, which detects changes in the smoke concentration in the air within the area where the air compressor is located and outputs the smoke monitoring signal in digital form. The monitoring host 101 is connected to the sensors via wired communication. In practice, this communication can be via an RS485 bus. Each sensor has a unique address identifier on the bus. The monitoring host 101 periodically or in real-time acquires the monitoring data from each sensor according to a predetermined communication polling or event triggering mechanism.

[0020] The data processing and judgment unit of the monitoring host 101 is used to analyze, store, and judge the received temperature monitoring signals and smoke monitoring signals. The so-called "fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules" refer to a set of logical conditions pre-set in the monitoring host 101 to determine whether there is a fire risk. These rules include at least temperature alarm thresholds and smoke alarm thresholds. The temperature alarm threshold can be set according to the normal operating temperature range and safety redundancy value of the air compressor. For example, when the detected temperature of a critical part of the air compressor is continuously higher than a set value (such as 80℃ or other temperature values ​​that comply with coal mine safety regulations), it is judged as a temperature anomaly. The smoke alarm threshold can be set according to the calibration parameters of the smoke sensor. For example, when the smoke concentration reaches or exceeds a preset action value (such as 5%obs / m³ or other calibrated concentration values), it is judged as a smoke anomaly. During actual operation, the monitoring host 101 compares and judges the above thresholds. When the temperature monitoring signal and / or smoke monitoring signal meet the preset alarm conditions, it is considered that there is a potential or actual fire risk in the current air compressor area.

[0021] After determining that the alarm conditions are met, the data processing and judgment unit of the monitoring host 101 will generate a corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing control command, and the control command output unit will output a control signal to the electric valve group 104. The "triggering the opening operation of the electric valve group" is not limited to instantaneous or irreversible automatic opening, but rather refers to the monitoring host 101 logically allowing and executing the opening control of the electric valve group 104, so that the spray channel of the fire extinguishing medium is in an open state. In actual implementation, the monitoring host 101 can control the opening sequence, opening duration, and closing conditions of the valves according to a pre-set control strategy. For example, it can allow one or more sub-valves to open first, then allow the main valve to open, or automatically close the valve after reaching the set spray duration to avoid ineffective consumption of the fire extinguishing medium.

[0022] The communication interface unit of the monitoring host 101 is used to establish a communication connection with the host computer 105. This communication connection can be achieved through an underground industrial Ethernet or a monitoring ring network, enabling the monitoring host 101 to upload real-time collected temperature data, smoke data, alarm status, and valve execution status to the ground host computer 105, while simultaneously receiving remote operation commands and parameter setting commands from the host computer 105. For example, the host computer 105 can remotely configure parameters such as alarm thresholds and valve opening duration in the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules. After receiving and verifying the commands, the monitoring host 101 updates its internal parameters and puts the system into operation.

[0023] In the above manner, the monitoring host 101 plays a core control and coordination role in the whole system. It not only realizes the centralized access and unified judgment of multi-source monitoring signals, but also, through the collaborative work with the actuator and the host computer, enables the fire prevention and extinguishing process of the mine air compressor to have clear triggering conditions, controllable execution paths and traceable operating status.

[0024] Furthermore, the monitoring host is specifically used for:

[0025] After continuously receiving temperature monitoring signals from the temperature sensor and smoke monitoring signals from the smoke sensor, the monitoring signals are timestamped and synchronized according to a unified time reference to form a multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset that characterizes the current thermal and smoke states of the air compressor area.

[0026] Based on the multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset, state feature quantities are extracted, including at least the rate of temperature change, the magnitude of smoke concentration change, and the cooperative relationship between the two within a preset time window. A corresponding operational risk level identifier is generated based on the state feature quantities, wherein the operational risk level identifier is used to distinguish between normal state, abnormal warning state, and fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state.

[0027] When the operational risk level indicator reaches the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment sub-rule corresponding to the operational risk level indicator is invoked to jointly verify the temperature change rate and smoke concentration change amplitude, and generate a set of fire prevention and extinguishing control parameters including the target spray area, valve opening sequence and valve opening duration.

[0028] Based on the set of fire prevention and extinguishing control parameters, the electric valve group is output with phased fire prevention and extinguishing control commands according to the predefined execution sequence. The electric valve group first enters the preparation opening state and completes the state confirmation, and then enters the effective opening state to realize the directional spraying of the fire extinguishing medium. After the corresponding valve opening duration is reached, the closing control command is automatically generated to complete a complete fire prevention and extinguishing execution process.

[0029] The term "unified time reference" refers to the timing source within the monitoring host used to assign the same reference time to various monitoring data. This can be generated by the monitoring host's internal crystal oscillator clock, or calibrated after receiving time synchronization parameters from a ground-based host computer when connected to the network. Calibration can be achieved by setting a time offset and periodically fine-tuning it to ensure that the timestamps displayed by the monitoring host and the host computer's time remain within acceptable error limits. The term "timestamp mark" refers to the monitoring host recording the arrival time of each temperature or smoke monitoring signal with a comparable time value, such as a count in milliseconds or a time value in the format of "year, month, day, hour, minute, second + milliseconds". The term "synchronization alignment processing" does not require the temperature and smoke sensors to sample at exactly the same instant. Rather, it means that the monitoring host maps the discrete sampling points of the two sensors onto the same time axis, ensuring that subsequent feature extraction uses temperature and smoke sequences within the same time window, and providing consistent processing rules for different sampling frequencies or occasional packet loss. The so-called "multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset" refers to a set of timestamped records formed within the monitoring host. Each record contains at least a temperature value, a smoke value and its source identifier, a quality identifier and an aligned time index. The quality identifier is used to characterize whether the data is a real-time sampled value, an interpolated complete value or a placeholder value after anomaly removal.

[0030] After continuously receiving temperature monitoring signals from the temperature sensor and smoke monitoring signals from the smoke sensor, the monitoring host first performs timestamp marking and synchronization alignment. Taking a feasible engineering configuration as an example, the temperature sensor outputs a temperature value once per second, and the smoke sensor outputs a smoke value once every two seconds. The monitoring host receives these signals and records them as timestamped data points. To complete the alignment, the monitoring host sets a preset time step, such as 1 second, and uses nearest neighbor or linear interpolation to map the smoke value to the time index of each second, ensuring that each time index can simultaneously obtain both the temperature and smoke values. The nearest neighbor approach uses the most recently received smoke value for a given second; the linear interpolation approach uses the value of the smoke sample within a 2-second interval (S0 and S2 respectively) as S1 = S0 + (S2 − S0) / 2 for the smoke value in the first second. To avoid misjudgments introduced by interpolation, the monitoring host simultaneously records the quality identifier of the smoke value, marking it as an "interpolated value." During subsequent joint verification, a more conservative triggering strategy can be adopted, such as requiring at least one instance of a true sample exceeding the limit within the interpolation range before entering a higher risk level. For occasional sensor packet loss or communication anomalies, the monitoring host identifies the communication status according to the communication status logic shown in the upper-level computer interface in the appendix: when a sensor fails to report data within a predetermined timeout threshold, the sensor status is set to "Not Connected / Communication Anomaly," and the corresponding field in the multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset is marked as invalid. Simultaneously, a communication anomaly alarm is output, preventing the system from blindly triggering spraying when critical inputs are missing.

[0031] After forming a multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset, the monitoring host extracts state feature quantities based on this dataset. These "state feature quantities" must be calculable and verifiable, and subjective descriptions are not permitted. The rate of temperature change is used to characterize how quickly the temperature rises. Its calculation can use a fixed-time difference method: at the aligned time index t, the current temperature is taken as T(t), and the temperature a certain time interval Δt ago is taken as T(t−Δt). The rate of temperature change is then defined as the amount of temperature change per unit time. For example, if the monitoring host uses a difference window of Δt = 10 seconds, and T(t) = 78.0℃ and T(t−10) = 72.0℃, then the temperature rises by 6.0℃ in 10 seconds, which translates to 0.6℃ per second, or 36℃ per minute. The monitoring host can calculate both positive and negative rates simultaneously, and only considers an abnormal temperature rise trend when the rate is positive and exceeds a set rate threshold. The amplitude of smoke concentration variation is used to characterize the intensity of smoke fluctuations within a window. It can be calculated using the maximum-minimum difference: within a preset time window W, if the maximum value of the smoke sequence is Smax and the minimum value is Smin, then the amplitude of smoke concentration variation is defined as Smax − Smin. For example, if the monitoring host is set to W = 30 seconds, and the smoke value sequence collected within these 30 seconds is 4.0, 4.2, 4.1, 4.8, 5.3, 5.0 (units can be obs / m or equivalent quantities consistent with the sensor), then Smax = 5.3, Smin = 4.0, and the amplitude is 1.3. This amplitude, combined with the absolute smoke value, can distinguish between "continuously stable high smoke" and "short-term sudden increase in smoke." The so-called "coordinated change relationship" refers to whether temperature and smoke show a synchronous increase, sequential progression, or simultaneous abrupt change within the same time window, used to reduce false alarms. To ensure feasibility, explicit coordination criteria can be used without relying on complex statistical models. For example, a coordination event can be defined as follows: within the same window W, the rate of temperature change exceeds a rate threshold, and the amplitude of smoke concentration change exceeds an amplitude threshold, with the time difference between the moment the smoke exceeds the threshold and the moment the temperature rate exceeds the threshold not exceeding a preset coordination delay τ. For instance, if the rate threshold is set to 0.3℃ / second, the amplitude threshold to 0.8, and the coordination delay τ to 15 seconds, when the monitoring host detects that the temperature rate first exceeds 0.3℃ / second at t=100 seconds, and the smoke amplitude first exceeds 0.8 at t=110 seconds, the difference is 10 seconds, less than 15 seconds, then the temperature-smoke coordination is considered valid. This coordination criterion can effectively exclude situations where "the air compressor heats up normally but there is no smoke" or "dust disturbance causes smoke fluctuations but the temperature is not abnormal."

[0032] The monitoring host generates an operational risk level identifier based on the aforementioned status characteristics. The operational risk level identifier is a distinct discrete state value used to distinguish between normal, abnormal warning, and fire suppression trigger states. The entry and exit conditions for each state should be configurable and traceable in the host parameters. An feasible level classification method is as follows: when the absolute temperature value is below the temperature alarm threshold and the temperature change rate is below the rate threshold, and the absolute smoke value is below the smoke alarm threshold and the smoke change amplitude is below the amplitude threshold, the risk level identifier is normal. When the absolute temperature value does not exceed the limit but the temperature change rate continuously exceeds the rate threshold for a preset duration, or the absolute smoke value does not exceed the limit but the smoke change amplitude continuously exceeds the amplitude threshold for a preset duration, or temperature and smoke synergy occurs but the absolute value exceeding the limit condition is not yet met, the risk level identifier is abnormal warning state. When the absolute temperature value reaches or exceeds the temperature alarm threshold and / or the absolute smoke value reaches or exceeds the smoke alarm threshold, and temperature and smoke synergy is simultaneously met or a more stringent duration condition is met, the risk level identifier is fire suppression trigger state. The "duration time" here must also be calculable. For example, if a condition is required to be true for N consecutive aligned time indices, then N corresponds to N × time step. For instance, if the time step is 1 second and the duration is required to be 10 seconds, then N = 10. The monitoring host will only set the warning flag when it detects that the temperature rate is greater than 0.3℃ / second for 10 consecutive sampling points, thus avoiding occasional noise triggering the warning.

[0033] When the operational risk level indicator reaches the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, the monitoring host calls the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment sub-rule corresponding to that risk level indicator to jointly verify the rate of temperature change and the magnitude of smoke concentration change and generate a set of fire prevention and extinguishing control parameters. Here, "fire prevention and extinguishing judgment sub-rule" should be understood as a set of detailed rules for different triggering modes, rather than a single threshold judgment. To ensure logical consistency and implementability, it can include at least the following types of sub-rules: temperature-dominant sub-rules, smoke-dominant sub-rules, and temperature-smoke co-operational sub-rules. Temperature-dominant sub-rules are applicable to situations where the absolute temperature value exceeds the limit and the rate of abnormality is obvious, but the smoke has not yet changed significantly. To prevent false spraying, it can require the temperature to exceed the limit for a longer period or require both temperature points to exceed the limit before outputting spray parameters. Smoke-dominant sub-rules are applicable to situations where the absolute smoke value exceeds the limit and the magnitude of the increase is obvious, but the temperature has not yet exceeded the limit. It can require that the smoke exceeding the limit must come from the actual sampling point rather than the interpolation point, and that spray parameters are only output after the smoke has not recovered below the threshold within a certain time. Temperature-smoke co-operational sub-rules are applicable to situations where both are abnormal, allowing for faster entry into the spraying stage to strengthen early response. After successful joint verification, the fire prevention and extinguishing control parameter set output by the monitoring host must include and clearly define three core fields: target spray area, valve opening sequence, and valve opening duration. The target spray area is an identifier that can be mapped to valves and spray branches. Specifically, the air compressor area can be divided into several fixed areas, such as the motor side, compressor cylinder side, exhaust pipe side, lubrication system side, etc., and each area can be configured with a corresponding valve number or branch number in the host computer interface or host panel. The valve opening sequence reflects a "sub-valve first, then main valve" linkage logic. This logic is consistently described in the attached system instructions, meaning that one or more sub-valves must be opened before the main valve can be opened, and the main valve automatically closes after all sub-valves are closed. To ensure execution, the monitoring host provides a sequence list in the parameter set, for example, opening sub-valve 3 and sub-valve 4 first, then opening the main valve; if the target spray area corresponds to only one branch, then only the corresponding sub-valve is opened before the main valve. The valve opening duration is a specific value measured in seconds or minutes and should be consistent with the system's allowed setting range. For example, the appendix indicates that the valve opening duration is settable, with a default value of 10 minutes, and can be adjusted within a certain range. The monitoring host can set the duration to 600 seconds by default and allow the host computer to modify it to, for example, 180 seconds or 300 seconds, to adapt to different field environment requirements. For example, if the target injection area is "motor side," mapped to sub-valve 3, the valve opening sequence parameter can be set to [sub-valve 3 → main valve], and the valve opening duration can be set to 600 seconds. If the target injection area is "motor side + cylinder side," mapped to sub-valve 3 and sub-valve 4, the sequence parameter can be set to [sub-valve 3, sub-valve 4 → main valve], and the duration can still be set to 600 seconds or increased according to the risk level, for example, 900 seconds.

[0034] After obtaining the set of fire prevention and extinguishing control parameters, the monitoring host outputs phased fire prevention and extinguishing control commands to the electric valve group according to a predefined execution sequence. This causes the electric valve group to first enter a ready-to-open state and complete status confirmation, then enter an effective-open state to achieve directional spraying of the extinguishing medium, and automatically close after the set duration, thus completing one full execution process. The so-called "phased fire prevention and extinguishing control command" refers to the monitoring host breaking down the valve control process into at least two stages of control actions to avoid uncontrollable spraying caused by valve jamming, circuit faults, or erroneous commands. The purpose of the ready-to-open state is to perform pre-action checks and confirm the fulfillment of linkage conditions. Specifically, this can include outputting a short-pulse "pre-drive" signal or "valve opening preparation" signal to the target sub-valve and obtaining valve status feedback within a preset confirmation time. Valve status feedback can be achieved through valve limit switch signals, valve drive current characteristics, or auxiliary contacts in the valve control circuit, which the monitoring host uniformly determines as "ready / not ready." For example, during the preparation phase, the monitoring host performs a pre-drive on each target sub-valve and waits for 2 seconds. If the limit signal changes from "closed" to "operating" or "open," the valve is considered ready. If no status change is detected within 2 seconds, the valve is marked as abnormal, and the risk management is changed to an alarm or switching to a backup branch to avoid directly opening the main valve and causing an unknown spray path. Only when the status of the preparation phase is confirmed is the monitoring host enters the effective opening state, that is, it continuously outputs the valve opening control signal to open the target sub-valve to the correct position, and outputs the main valve opening command under the premise that "at least one sub-valve has been confirmed to be open," so that the extinguishing medium is sprayed directionally along the target branch. During the spraying process, the monitoring host can continuously monitor the temperature and smoke signals. If the temperature and smoke quickly drop back to a safe range before the duration is reached, it can also be closed early according to the sub-rules to reduce medium consumption. However, the conditions for early closure should be clearly defined, such as requiring that the temperature and smoke return to normal for 30 consecutive seconds without any upward trend before early closure is allowed. After the valve opening duration is reached, the monitoring host automatically generates a closing control command and executes the closing action in the reverse order of opening or a safer sequence. Preferably, the main valve is closed first, followed by each sub-valve. Alternatively, the closing confirmation is executed according to the mechanism described in the appendix: "The main valve automatically closes after all sub-valves are closed," ensuring that spraying stops and the pipeline is in a safe state. After completing the closing, the monitoring host should write the key parameters of this execution process into the event log, including the trigger time, trigger mode, judgment sub-rule used, target spray area, actual valve number opened, opening duration, whether it closed prematurely, and any valve or communication anomalies that occurred during the execution. The event log should then be uploaded to the host computer to meet the needs of remote ground monitoring and traceability management.

[0035] Furthermore, the monitoring host is also used for:

[0036] Based on a joint assessment of the air compressor's power supply status, operating current stability, and historical temperature change trends, the current operating stage of the air compressor is identified, and the operating stage is divided into at least the start-up period, steady-state operation period, and shutdown transition period. The identification results of the operating stage serve as the basic input status for subsequent fire prevention and extinguishing determinations.

[0037] When the air compressor is identified as starting up, the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules corresponding to the starting up period are invoked. The rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal is checked, and the trigger threshold of the smoke monitoring signal is temporarily increased or the continuous confirmation time of smoke anomalies is extended to avoid misjudgment caused by transient temperature rise or airflow disturbance during startup.

[0038] When the air compressor is identified as being in a steady-state operation period, the absolute value and rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal and the concentration level of the smoke monitoring signal are jointly judged. When any signal reaches the corresponding steady-state threshold condition, a steady-state risk judgment result is generated, and the judgment result is used to determine whether to enter the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state.

[0039] When the air compressor is identified as being in a shutdown transition period, priority should be given to the downward trend of the temperature monitoring signal and the continuous change of the smoke monitoring signal. Only when the temperature rises abnormally after shutdown or the smoke concentration continues to rise to the preset condition should the fire prevention and extinguishing control command be triggered, thereby avoiding false triggering of non-fire situations during the shutdown residual heat release phase.

[0040] The term "air compressor operating phase" refers to the different operating state ranges of a mining air compressor within a complete operating cycle. These state ranges exhibit significant differences in power supply characteristics, mechanical load, temperature variation patterns, and airflow conditions. The monitoring host identifies the current operating phase of the air compressor by jointly judging its power supply status, operating current stability, and historical temperature variation trends. "Power supply status" refers to whether the air compressor is energized and its time characteristics after energization, such as just completed power-on, continuous stable power supply, or power-off operation. "Operating current stability" refers to whether the air compressor's operating current remains within a stable range during operation. This stable range can be determined by the fluctuation range of the current sampling value over a period of time; for example, if the current change does not exceed a preset percentage of the rated current within several consecutive seconds, the current is considered stable. "Historical temperature variation trend" refers to the direction and rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal within a certain time window, such as whether the temperature is continuously rising, remaining relatively stable, or continuously decreasing.

[0041] In practical implementation, the monitoring host can internally set a set of rules for identifying operational phases. For example, when it detects that the air compressor has just completed power connection, the operating current rises rapidly from zero and has not yet entered a stable range, and the temperature monitoring signal shows a rapid upward trend, the monitoring host identifies the current operational phase as the startup phase. The startup phase typically corresponds to the process of the air compressor transitioning from a static state to a working state. During this process, the motor starting current is large, mechanical friction and compression cause a rapid rise in local temperature, and airflow disturbance is significant, easily triggering short-term fluctuations in the smoke sensor. Based on this operational characteristic, when the air compressor startup phase is identified, the monitoring host calls the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules corresponding to the startup phase, focusing on verifying the rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal. Here, "rate of change" can be understood as the amount of temperature change per unit time, such as the temperature difference calculated per second or per minute. For example, if the temperature rises from 40℃ to 55℃ within 10 seconds after startup, the rate of change is 1.5℃ per second. The monitoring host can compare this rate of change with a rate threshold specifically for the startup phase and allow a higher rate to exist without immediately triggering the fire prevention and extinguishing state. Meanwhile, to avoid momentary fluctuations in the smoke sensor caused by airflow disturbances or lubricating oil vapor evaporation during the startup phase, the monitoring host can temporarily increase the trigger threshold of the smoke monitoring signal or extend the continuous confirmation time for smoke anomalies during the startup period. For example, the confirmation time for smoke anomalies, which originally required 5 seconds, can be extended to 15 seconds. Only when the smoke concentration continuously exceeds the threshold within this extended time is the smoke anomaly considered valid.

[0042] When the monitoring host detects that the air compressor has completed startup, the operating current has entered a stable range, and the temperature change trend has changed from a rapid rise to a relatively flat trend, the operation phase can be identified as the steady-state operation period of the air compressor. The steady-state operation period is the main stage of normal and continuous operation of the air compressor. During this period, changes in parameters such as temperature and smoke can more accurately reflect whether there are any abnormalities in the equipment's operation. When the air compressor is identified as being in steady-state operation, the monitoring host simultaneously performs a joint judgment on the absolute value and rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal, as well as the concentration level of the smoke monitoring signal. The "absolute temperature value" refers to the actual temperature value currently detected, such as 70℃ or 80℃; the "rate of change" is still used to reflect whether the temperature rise is too rapid; and the "smoke concentration level" refers to the current concentration value output by the smoke sensor and whether it has reached a preset alarm threshold. The monitoring host can set threshold conditions specifically for the steady-state operation period. For example, if any one of the following conditions is met—the absolute temperature value exceeding a set upper limit, the rate of temperature change exceeding the steady-state allowable rate, or the smoke concentration exceeding the steady-state alarm value—a steady-state risk judgment result is generated. The steady-state risk assessment result will serve as the direct basis for determining whether to enter the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, thereby enabling timely identification and handling of fire risks during normal equipment operation.

[0043] When the monitoring host detects that the air compressor has performed a shutdown operation, the power supply status has changed, the operating current gradually decreases and approaches zero, and the temperature monitoring signal begins to show a downward trend, the current operating phase is identified as the air compressor shutdown transition period. The shutdown transition period refers to the stage where the air compressor transitions from an operating state to a completely stopped state. During this stage, there is still some residual heat release inside the equipment, and the temperature may remain at a relatively high level or even slowly decrease for a short period. Simultaneously, changes in ambient airflow may cause fluctuations in the smoke sensor. Based on this operating characteristic, when identifying the air compressor shutdown transition period, the monitoring host prioritizes the downward trend of the temperature monitoring signal and the continuous change in the smoke monitoring signal. A "downward trend" means that the temperature generally decreases within a preset time window, such as a gradual decrease in the average temperature over 30 consecutive seconds. "Continuous change" refers to whether the smoke concentration rises continuously over a longer period, rather than fluctuating instantaneously. Only when an abnormal temperature rise occurs after shutdown, such as a significant upward trend in temperature again after shutdown, or a continuous rise in smoke concentration over a longer period exceeding preset conditions, will the monitoring host allow the triggering of fire prevention and extinguishing control commands. This determination method can effectively avoid false triggering of non-fire situations due to the release of residual heat during shutdown or environmental disturbances, thereby improving the reliability of the fire prevention and extinguishing system under complex operating conditions.

[0044] Through the aforementioned differentiated judgment mechanism based on the operational phase, the monitoring host can combine the different operational characteristics of the mining air compressor in each stage of startup, steady-state operation and shutdown transition, and perform targeted analysis and processing of temperature and smoke monitoring signals, making the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules more in line with actual working conditions.

[0045] Furthermore, the monitoring host is also used for:

[0046] After receiving temperature monitoring signals and smoke monitoring signals, the two types of signals are independently judged for anomalies, and the judgment results are marked as temperature anomaly markers or smoke anomaly markers.

[0047] When only the smoke abnormality indicator is detected and no temperature abnormality indicator is detected, the control monitoring host enters the abnormal warning state and outputs the warning information to the host computer. At the same time, the generation of fire prevention and extinguishing control commands is prohibited, so that the system only executes the alarm and does not execute the fire extinguishing spray.

[0048] When a temperature anomaly indicator is detected but no smoke anomaly indicator is detected, the duration and rate of change of the temperature anomaly are verified a second time. Only when the temperature anomaly meets both the duration and rate conditions will the anomaly state be upgraded to a fire prevention and extinguishing candidate state.

[0049] When both temperature anomaly and smoke anomaly indicators are detected simultaneously, the current state is directly determined to be a fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, and corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing control commands are generated based on the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state to achieve rapid response to fires in mining air compressors.

[0050] In this invention, temperature monitoring signals and smoke monitoring signals reflect different dimensions of state information during the operation of the mining air compressor. Temperature monitoring signals primarily characterize changes in the thermal state of key components of the air compressor; anomalies are typically related to factors such as increased mechanical friction, motor overload, and lubrication failure. Smoke monitoring signals primarily characterize changes in the concentration of suspended particles or gases in the air surrounding the air compressor; anomalies may originate from smoke generated by a real fire, or from non-fire factors such as lubricating oil vapor evaporation, dust disturbance, or airflow changes. Based on these differences, this invention does not simply adopt a symmetrical logic of "triggering spraying upon any signal anomaly," but instead uses a monitoring host to independently determine anomalies in both types of signals, and constructs an asymmetric fire prevention and extinguishing triggering strategy based on this.

[0051] In practice, upon receiving temperature and smoke monitoring signals, the monitoring host first performs independent anomaly checks on each type of signal. "Independent anomaly checks" means that the temperature and smoke signals are judged separately according to their respective rules, without requiring both to participate in the initial judgment process simultaneously. Temperature anomaly checks can be based on whether the absolute temperature value exceeds a preset temperature threshold, whether the rate of temperature change exceeds a preset rate threshold, or a combination of both. Smoke anomaly checks can be based on whether the smoke concentration exceeds a preset smoke threshold, whether the smoke concentration change amplitude is abnormal, or whether its duration meets the confirmation criteria. After completing the judgment, the monitoring host marks the results with clear status identifiers, forming temperature anomaly identifiers and smoke anomaly identifiers respectively. These "identifiers" can be understood as internal state variables or flag bits, whose values ​​characterize whether the corresponding signal is currently in an abnormal state.

[0052] When the monitoring host detects only a smoke anomaly indicator but not a temperature anomaly indicator, it indicates the presence of smoke or smoke-like phenomena in the environment, but the critical components of the air compressor have not yet shown obvious abnormal temperature rise characteristics. In actual mine environments, this situation may be caused by lubricating oil vapor, dust, or changes in ventilation. Directly triggering fire suppression spraying could easily lead to malfunctions and resource waste. Therefore, in this situation, the monitoring host control system enters an anomaly warning state. The anomaly warning state is an intermediate state between normal operation and fire suppression triggering state. Its main function is to alert operators to potential risks without executing actual fire suppression actions. In the anomaly warning state, the monitoring host outputs warning information to the host computer, such as displaying a smoke anomaly warning, issuing audible and visual alarms, or recording event logs through the host computer interface. Simultaneously, it explicitly prohibits the generation of fire suppression control commands, preventing the electric valve assembly from being triggered and ensuring that the system only issues an alarm and does not execute fire suppression spraying.

[0053] When the monitoring host detects an abnormal temperature indicator but not an abnormal smoke indicator, it indicates that an abnormal temperature rise has occurred in the relevant parts of the air compressor, but no obvious smoke has been detected. In this case, the abnormal temperature rise may originate from non-fire factors such as sudden load changes, short-term overload, or changes in heat dissipation conditions, or it may be the early stage of a fire. To avoid triggering the spraying process due to simple instantaneous temperature fluctuations, the monitoring host does not directly enter the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state in this situation, but instead performs a secondary verification of the temperature anomaly. The secondary verification includes at least a joint judgment of the duration of the temperature anomaly and the rate of temperature change. The "duration" refers to the length of time that the abnormal temperature state continues, for example, requiring the state of temperature exceeding a threshold to continue for a preset confirmation time; the "rate of change" refers to the magnitude of temperature rise per unit time, used to determine whether the temperature rise has abnormal acceleration characteristics. For example, if the temperature anomaly threshold is set to 80℃, the duration threshold to 20 seconds, and the rate of change threshold to 0.4℃ / second, when the temperature first exceeds 80℃, the monitoring host continues timing. Only if the temperature remains above 80℃ for 20 consecutive seconds, and there is at least one consecutive time interval during this period where the rate of change exceeds 0.4℃ / second, is the temperature anomaly considered to meet both conditions. Before these conditions are met, the system only maintains an early warning or observation state; after both conditions are met, the monitoring host upgrades the anomaly state to a fire suppression candidate state. The fire suppression candidate state indicates that the system has a high fire risk, but still requires consideration of other conditions or further confirmation before final triggering of spraying.

[0054] When the monitoring host detects both temperature and smoke anomalies simultaneously, it indicates that both abnormal temperature rise and smoke anomalies exist in the air compressor area. The simultaneous occurrence of these two signals significantly increases the likelihood of a fire. In this situation, the monitoring host no longer performs delayed confirmation or secondary verification; instead, it directly classifies the current system status as a fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state. The fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state represents the highest-risk state in which the system is permitted to spray extinguishing agents. Once triggered, the monitoring host immediately generates a corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing control command and sends it to the electric valve assembly to open the corresponding extinguishing agent spray channels, thereby enabling rapid response to a fire in the mine air compressor. Simultaneously, the monitoring host can also upload trigger information, trigger time, and anomaly type data to the host computer, allowing ground personnel to monitor the underground fire prevention and extinguishing operations in real time.

[0055] Through the aforementioned asymmetric triggering logic, the monitoring host can distinguish between three different risk scenarios: "abnormal smoke only," "abnormal temperature only," and "abnormal temperature and smoke simultaneously," and adopt differentiated response strategies for each scenario. This approach fully considers the complex sources of smoke and temperature signals and the high risk of misjudgment in the operating environment of mining air compressors, ensuring that fires can be quickly identified and dealt with while effectively reducing the probability of false emissions.

[0056] Furthermore, the monitoring host is also used for:

[0057] When the temperature monitoring signal or smoke monitoring signal first reaches the abnormal condition, the suppression window timing mechanism is activated. The corresponding monitoring signal is continuously collected within the preset suppression time window, and the existence of the abnormal signal is confirmed to filter out short-term abnormalities caused by lubricating oil vapor volatilization, dust disturbance or instantaneous airflow changes.

[0058] Only when the abnormal monitoring signal continuously meets the preset abnormal conditions within the preset suppression time window, and there is no obvious decline or interruption, is it allowed to upgrade the abnormal state from the warning state to the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, and generate a fire prevention and extinguishing control command.

[0059] After the fire prevention and extinguishing control command is generated, the control monitoring host enters the fire prevention and extinguishing control state, and locks unauthorized operation commands in the fire prevention and extinguishing control state, so that non-fire prevention and extinguishing related control commands from the host computer or local operation are temporarily ineffective until the current fire prevention and extinguishing execution process is completed.

[0060] After the fire prevention and extinguishing operation is completed and the temperature and smoke monitoring signals are confirmed to have returned to safe ranges, the fire prevention and extinguishing control state lock is released, and the monitoring host's ability to respond to normal operation control commands is restored.

[0061] "Abnormal conditions" refer to temperature monitoring signals or smoke monitoring signals reaching or exceeding their respective abnormal judgment thresholds. These thresholds can be absolute thresholds, such as temperature exceeding a certain safety upper limit or smoke concentration exceeding a certain alarm concentration; or they can be characteristic thresholds, such as the rate of temperature change or the magnitude of smoke concentration change exceeding a preset limit. Under normal operating conditions, the monitoring host continuously collects and judges temperature and smoke monitoring signals. When either type of monitoring signal is detected to meet abnormal conditions for the first time, it does not immediately trigger fire prevention and extinguishing actions, but instead activates a suppression window timing mechanism. The "suppression window timing mechanism" means that when the monitoring host detects the first occurrence of an abnormal condition, it records that moment as the start time of the suppression window, and then continuously tracks, collects, and analyzes the same type of monitoring signal for a preset period of time thereafter; this preset time is the "suppression time window."

[0062] The purpose of setting a suppression time window is to filter out numerous short-term, non-fire-related abnormal signals present in the mine environment. For example, oil mist formed by lubricating oil evaporating at high temperatures, dust generated during equipment start-up and shutdown, and instantaneous airflow changes caused by ventilation system switching can all cause smoke sensors to output abnormal values ​​for a short period. Similarly, instantaneous load fluctuations or changes in ambient temperature can also cause temperature signals to exceed limits for short periods. By introducing a suppression time window, the monitoring host can avoid triggering fire suppression spraying as soon as an anomaly occurs, thus significantly reducing the risk of false spraying. In practice, the suppression time window can be set to a fixed duration, such as 10 seconds, 20 seconds, or 30 seconds, or it can be configured according to the operating stage or equipment type. Within this time window, the monitoring host continuously collects the corresponding abnormal monitoring signals and determines whether the anomaly persists.

[0063] The term "persistent existence" refers to the situation where, within the suppression time window, the abnormal monitoring signal still meets the abnormal conditions at the vast majority of sampling points, without any significant decline or interruption. The "significant decline or interruption" requires a workable judgment criterion. For example, it can be stipulated that if, within the suppression time window, the abnormal monitoring signal recovers to a safe range after several consecutive samplings, or its average value is significantly lower than the abnormal threshold by a certain percentage, the abnormality can be considered not to persist. For instance, if the smoke abnormality threshold is 5.0 (units consistent with sensor output), the suppression time window is 20 seconds, and the sampling period is 1 second, then if more than a certain number of sampling points out of 20 points have values ​​below 5.0, and the lowest value is below 80% of the threshold, the smoke abnormality can be considered not to persist; conversely, if the vast majority of values ​​at the 20 sampling points are greater than or close to 5.0, and there is no significant downward trend, the abnormality can be considered to persist. In this way, the monitoring host can effectively distinguish between short-term disturbances and genuine abnormalities.

[0064] Only when the abnormal monitoring signal continuously meets the preset abnormal conditions within the preset suppression time window, and there is no significant decline or interruption, will the monitoring host allow the current abnormal state to be upgraded from the warning state to the fire suppression trigger state, and generate a fire suppression control command. Here, "warning state" refers to the state where the system has identified a potential risk but has not yet confirmed the need to perform fire suppression actions, while "fire suppression trigger state" is the state where the system allows and is ready to execute the spraying of fire extinguishing agents. Through the confirmation process of the suppression window, the entry into the fire suppression trigger state has a clear and traceable conditional basis, thereby improving the reliability and interpretability of the entire system's decision logic.

[0065] After a fire prevention and extinguishing control command is generated, the monitoring host control system enters the fire prevention and extinguishing control state. The "fire prevention and extinguishing control state" refers to a special working state in which the monitoring host prioritizes completing fire prevention and extinguishing operations. In this state, the monitoring host's response strategy to external control commands changes, specifically by locking unauthorized operation commands. These "unauthorized operation commands" refer to control commands that are not directly related to the current fire prevention and extinguishing process and may interfere with or interrupt the fire prevention and extinguishing actions. Examples include ordinary start / stop commands and parameter modification commands from the host computer, or non-emergency control operations on the local control panel. In the fire prevention and extinguishing control state, the monitoring host temporarily refrains from executing these commands, instead recording or delaying their processing to avoid accidental interruption during the spraying of extinguishing agents, thus ensuring the continuity and safety of the fire prevention and extinguishing process.

[0066] The locking of the fire prevention and suppression control state is not permanent, but strictly linked to the fire prevention and suppression execution process. After the fire prevention and suppression execution is completed, the monitoring host needs to reconfirm the current environmental status, that is, confirm that both the temperature monitoring signal and the smoke monitoring signal have returned to the safe range. The so-called "safe range" refers to the monitoring signal being below its respective safe threshold and remaining stable for a certain confirmation time. For example, it can be specified that the temperature is below the safe threshold and remains stable for 30 seconds without rising, and the smoke concentration is below the safe threshold and remains stable for 30 seconds without abnormal fluctuations. Only after the above conditions are met will the monitoring host release the fire prevention and suppression control state lock, restore its ability to respond to normal operation control commands, and allow the system to return to normal operation or monitoring state.

[0067] By introducing a suppression window timing mechanism and a fire prevention and extinguishing control state locking mechanism, the monitoring host can effectively suppress malfunctions caused by non-fire anomalies in the complex operating environment of the mine air compressor, and ensure that the fire prevention and extinguishing process is not disturbed after the fire is confirmed. This approach not only improves the reliability and safety of the fire prevention and extinguishing system, but also provides clear and controllable operating logic for ground and underground operators.

[0068] Temperature sensor 102 is connected to the monitoring host and is used to detect the temperature of relevant parts of the mining air compressor in real time and output the corresponding temperature monitoring signal.

[0069] Temperature sensor 102 is used to detect the temperature of relevant parts of the mining air compressor in real time. In this invention, it is a key sensing unit for reflecting changes in the thermal state of the air compressor. "Relevant parts of the mining air compressor's operating status" refers to parts that are prone to abnormal temperature rise during long-term operation of the air compressor due to mechanical friction, electrical load, abnormal lubrication, or poor ventilation. These include, but are not limited to, the air compressor motor housing, compressor cylinder, bearing housing, lubricating oil return line, exhaust pipe surface, and the space area near these parts in the surrounding environment. Temperature sensor 102 continuously monitors the temperature changes in these parts or areas, providing basic data support for determining the existence of potential fire risks.

[0070] In practical implementation, the temperature sensor 102 preferably adopts a mining-grade intrinsically safe infrared temperature sensor. This type of sensor meets the explosion-proof and intrinsically safe requirements of underground coal mines and can operate stably for a long time in environments with the risk of gas and coal dust explosions. The infrared temperature sensor receives the infrared energy naturally radiated from the surface of the object being measured and converts it into an electrical signal, thereby achieving non-contact temperature measurement. This measurement method avoids the measurement errors caused by traditional contact temperature sensors due to limited installation location, slow response speed, or susceptibility to vibration. The so-called "non-contact temperature detection" means that the sensor can complete the temperature measurement without direct contact with the object being measured. Its measurement result mainly depends on the surface radiation characteristics of the object being measured and the optical and signal processing performance of the sensor.

[0071] When installing temperature sensors 102, their placement can be determined based on the structural characteristics of the air compressor and the distribution of fire risks. For example, in a typical embodiment, at least one temperature sensor 102 can be installed on both the air compressor motor side and the compressor cylinder side, ensuring that its detection field of view covers the main heat-generating areas of the corresponding parts. To ensure the accuracy of the measurement results, the sensor's installation location should avoid direct exposure to high-temperature airflow, strong dust obstruction, or interference from external cooling winds. Simultaneously, its detection distance and viewing angle should meet the sensor's technical parameter requirements. For infrared temperature sensors, the detection distance is typically set within its nominal effective measurement range to ensure that the output temperature value accurately reflects the thermal state of the measured part.

[0072] Temperature sensor 102 outputs temperature monitoring signals during operation via continuous or periodic sampling. The "temperature monitoring signal" refers to an electrical or digital signal that characterizes the current temperature state of the measured part. In specific implementations, it can be output via digital communication, such as sending the measured temperature value to the monitoring host 101 in the form of data frames through an RS485 communication interface. The unit of temperature value is typically degrees Celsius. The sensor can update the temperature according to a preset sampling period, such as once per second, or set to other reasonable periods as needed by the system. Those skilled in the art can reasonably configure the sampling frequency of temperature sensor 102 according to the communication polling strategy of the monitoring host 101 and the system response requirements.

[0073] Before outputting the temperature monitoring signal, the temperature sensor 102 can process the raw measurement data according to its internal calibration parameters. These calibration parameters typically include the sensor's zero-point calibration value and sensitivity coefficient. These parameters are calibrated at the factory and can be verified during system debugging. For example, when the infrared radiation intensity detected by the sensor corresponds to a certain temperature value, the sensor's internal circuitry converts the signal into a corresponding digital quantity and outputs it to the monitoring host 101 via the communication interface. This allows the monitoring host 101 to directly obtain the specific temperature value without performing complex secondary calculations.

[0074] After receiving the temperature monitoring signal from the temperature sensor 102, the monitoring host 101 compares the signal with a pre-set temperature alarm threshold. This threshold can be set according to the normal operating temperature range of the air compressor. For example, if the temperature of a certain part of the air compressor is usually stable below 60℃ during normal operation, the temperature alarm threshold can be set to a safe critical value higher than the normal operating temperature, such as 80℃. When the temperature value corresponding to the temperature monitoring signal output by the temperature sensor 102 continuously exceeds this threshold, the monitoring host 101 can determine that there is an abnormal temperature rise in that part, and use this as an important basis in the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules for subsequent fire situation determination and control logic execution.

[0075] In this invention, the temperature sensor 102 achieves stable, continuous, and accurate detection of the temperature of relevant parts of the mining air compressor during operation. The temperature monitoring signal it outputs provides a reliable data basis for the monitoring host 101 to determine whether there is a fire hazard in the air compressor.

[0076] The smoke sensor 103 is connected to the monitoring host and is used to detect the smoke concentration in the area where the mining air compressor is located in real time and output the corresponding smoke monitoring signal.

[0077] The smoke sensor 103 is used to detect the smoke concentration in the area where the mining air compressor is located in real time. In this invention, it plays a crucial role in identifying early signs of a fire. The "area where the mining air compressor is located" refers to the local space surrounding the air compressor and its auxiliary equipment. This space typically includes the air environment within a certain distance of the air compressor, the vicinity of the lubrication system, the area around the exhaust pipe, and the area near electrical connections. During the operation of the air compressor, if a fire occurs due to electrical faults, abnormal lubrication, mechanical friction, or high-temperature accumulation, its earliest manifestation is usually the generation of localized smoke. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the smoke concentration in this area provides timely and intuitive information for fire identification.

[0078] In practical implementation, the smoke sensor 103 preferably adopts an intrinsically safe smoke sensor for mining. This type of sensor meets the requirements for explosion prevention and intrinsic safety in underground coal mines and can operate stably for a long time in environments with the risk of gas and coal dust explosions. The smoke sensor 103 can adopt the optical scattering detection principle. Its basic working method is as follows: when smoke particles are present in the air, the smoke particles enter the detection cavity of the sensor and scatter the incident light. The photoelectric receiving unit inside the sensor detects the intensity of the scattered light and converts the scattered light signal into an electrical signal corresponding to the smoke concentration. The so-called "smoke concentration" refers to the degree of light obstruction or scattering by smoke particles per unit volume of air. In engineering applications, it is usually characterized by optical shading rate or optical density.

[0079] The smoke sensor 103 should be installed in a location within the air compressor area where airflow is relatively stable and can reflect overall smoke changes. For example, in a typical embodiment, the smoke sensor 103 can be installed at a certain height above or to the side of the air compressor body, enabling it to preferentially detect smoke generated and diffused upwards due to localized overheating or combustion. The installation location should avoid direct exposure to high-pressure airflow, dust impact, or water mist spray to prevent false alarms or sensor performance degradation. Simultaneously, the installation of the smoke sensor 103 should ensure that its detection channel is not obstructed, thereby guaranteeing that smoke can smoothly enter the detection area.

[0080] During operation, the smoke sensor 103 continuously or periodically samples the smoke concentration in the area where the air compressor is located and outputs a corresponding smoke monitoring signal. The "smoke monitoring signal" refers to a digital signal that reflects the current smoke concentration level. In practice, it can be output via an RS485 communication interface and sent to the monitoring host 101 in the form of data frames. The smoke monitoring signal output by the sensor is typically represented by a standardized numerical value, the magnitude of which is positively correlated with the detected smoke concentration. To facilitate unified processing by the monitoring host 101, the smoke sensor 103 is calibrated at the factory or during system debugging, ensuring that its output value corresponds to the actual smoke concentration.

[0081] In this invention, the alarm threshold of the smoke sensor 103 can be set according to coal mine safety regulations and sensor performance parameters. For example, in one embodiment, the smoke alarm action value can be set to 5%obs / m, where "obs / m" represents the proportion of optical obstruction per meter of optical path length, reflecting the degree of influence of smoke on light propagation. When the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor 103 reaches or exceeds this threshold, its output smoke monitoring signal indicates that there is a significant smoke anomaly in the current environment. After receiving the smoke monitoring signal, the monitoring host 101 can compare it with the preset smoke alarm conditions and use it as one of the important inputs to the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules in fire situation determination.

[0082] To avoid false alarms caused by short-term dust disturbances or occasional smoke, the smoke monitoring signal output by the smoke sensor 103 can be judged for its continuity over time in the monitoring host 101. For example, only when the smoke concentration continuously exceeds the alarm threshold for a predetermined duration is it considered a valid smoke anomaly, thereby triggering subsequent fire prevention and extinguishing control logic. This duration can be set according to actual working conditions, such as from several seconds to tens of seconds, and can be reasonably configured by those skilled in the art based on mine ventilation conditions and air compressor operating characteristics.

[0083] In this way, the smoke sensor 103 can achieve stable and real-time monitoring of the smoke concentration in the area where the mining air compressor is located. Its output smoke monitoring signal works in conjunction with the temperature monitoring signal of the temperature sensor 102, enabling the monitoring host 101 to make a comprehensive judgment on the fire risk from different physical dimensions, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fire identification.

[0084] The electric valve assembly 104 is connected to the monitoring host and is used to open or close the spray channel of the fire extinguishing medium when a fire prevention and extinguishing control command is received.

[0085] The electric valve assembly 104 is used to open or close the spray channel of the extinguishing medium when it receives a fire prevention and extinguishing control command from the monitoring host 101. In this invention, it is a key execution unit for realizing fire prevention and extinguishing actions. The "extinguishing medium" refers to the medium used to suppress or extinguish fires in mine air compressors. It can be dry powder, foam, or other extinguishing agents suitable for the underground coal mine environment. This extinguishing medium is usually connected to the electric valve assembly 104 via a fixed pipeline or hose. When the electric valve assembly 104 is in the open state, the extinguishing medium can be delivered to the air compressor area through the spray pipeline under its own pressure or external pressure, thereby achieving a comprehensive spray coverage of the fire source or high-temperature area.

[0086] In specific implementations, the electric valve assembly 104 may include at least one electric valve, preferably a mine-use explosion-proof electric ball valve. This type of electric ball valve possesses structural characteristics suitable for the high humidity, high dust levels, and potential gas and coal dust explosion hazards found in underground coal mines. Its valve body, drive mechanism, and electrical interface all meet the explosion-proof safety requirements of coal mines. The electric valve assembly 104 can adopt a multi-valve structure in the system, consisting of one main valve and multiple sub-valves. The main valve controls the overall on / off state of the extinguishing medium, while the sub-valves control the on / off state of different spray branches or different spray areas, thereby enabling the extinguishing medium to be sprayed directionally according to the actual fire location.

[0087] The electric valve assembly 104 and the monitoring host 101 are electrically connected to transmit control signals. In practice, the monitoring host 101 can send open or close commands to the electric valve assembly 104 via relay output. When the output contact of the monitoring host 101 actuates, the corresponding electric valve drive mechanism receives the control signal and drives the valve to perform the open or close action. "Open" means that the internal flow channel of the valve is in a conductive state, allowing the extinguishing medium to pass through; "close" means that the internal flow channel of the valve is in a blocked state, preventing the extinguishing medium from continuing to flow. The open or closed state of the valve can be confirmed by the valve's internal limit structure or position feedback mechanism to ensure the reliability of the action.

[0088] During fire prevention and extinguishing control, the opening and closing of the electric valve assembly 104 can be performed according to a pre-set logical sequence. For example, in a typical implementation, when the monitoring host 101 determines that there is a fire risk and generates a fire prevention and extinguishing control command, it first allows at least one sub-valve corresponding to the fire area to open, enabling the branch to spray. Then, it allows the main valve to open, allowing the extinguishing medium to be sprayed to the designated area through the corresponding sub-valve. When the fire is extinguished or the spraying time reaches a preset value, the monitoring host 101 controls the sub-valve to close. When all sub-valves are closed, the main valve also closes to prevent the ineffective release of the extinguishing medium. This linkage control method can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the extinguishing medium and reduce the impact on non-target areas.

[0089] The opening maintenance time of the electric valve assembly 104 can be controlled by the monitoring host 101. The "opening maintenance time" refers to the duration for which the valve remains open during a single fire suppression operation. This time can be set according to the air compressor size, the type of extinguishing medium, and the severity of the fire. For example, in one embodiment, the valve opening maintenance time can be set to 10 minutes. That is, after the electric valve assembly 104 is triggered to open, it will continuously spray for 10 minutes before the monitoring host 101 automatically issues a closing command, causing the valve to return to the closed state. Those skilled in the art can adjust this time parameter in the host computer 105 or the monitoring host 101 according to actual needs.

[0090] To adapt to the complex working conditions in underground coal mines, the electric valve assembly 104 should possess excellent pressure resistance and sealing performance in terms of structure and material selection. For example, the valve's nominal diameter and pressure rating should match the fire extinguishing medium supply pipeline. In one embodiment, the valve diameter can be a nominal 6-point caliber, suitable for conveying fire extinguishing media within a certain pressure range, thereby ensuring that valve failure or leakage will not occur due to pressure fluctuations during spraying. Through proper selection and installation, the electric valve assembly 104 can maintain stable operating performance during repeated opening and closing processes.

[0091] Through the above method, the electric valve assembly 104 achieves reliable control of the fire extinguishing medium spray channel in this invention. Its linkage with the monitoring host 101 enables the fire prevention and extinguishing control commands to be accurately and timely converted into actual spraying actions.

[0092] Furthermore, the electric valve assembly is also used for:

[0093] Upon receiving a fire prevention and extinguishing control command from the monitoring host, the system first identifies the target spray area identifier contained in the fire prevention and extinguishing control command, and then determines at least one set of sub-valves corresponding to the target spray area based on a pre-established correspondence table between spray areas and sub-valves.

[0094] After confirming the set of sub-valves, the system outputs opening control signals to each sub-valve in the preset opening sequence, and sends the corresponding valve ready status information back to the monitoring host after each sub-valve reaches the opening confirmation state.

[0095] An opening control signal is only allowed to be output to the main valve when at least one sub-valve in the sub-valve set is in the open confirmation state, so that the main valve enters the open state and the extinguishing medium is sprayed in a directional manner through the corresponding spray branch of the opened sub-valve; and after all the sub-valves are closed, the main valve is automatically controlled to enter the closed state to ensure that the open state of the main valve is always dependent on the effective open state of the sub-valves.

[0096] In this invention, the so-called "electric valve assembly" is not a single valve, but an execution unit composed of a main valve and multiple sub-valves arranged in a certain control relationship. It is used to control the delivery and release of the extinguishing medium from the supply source to different spraying locations. The main valve is typically located on the main pipeline of the extinguishing medium and is used to control whether the extinguishing medium enters the spraying pipeline system as a whole. The sub-valves are respectively located on branch pipelines leading to different spraying areas or different spraying branches, and are used to determine the specific location and range of the final spraying of the extinguishing medium. Through the coordinated control between the main valve and the sub-valves, directional spraying and staged release of the extinguishing medium can be achieved, thereby avoiding the waste or secondary risks caused by indiscriminate spraying.

[0097] When the electric valve assembly receives a fire suppression control command from the monitoring host, it first needs to parse the command. The fire suppression control command must contain at least one "target spray area identifier," which clarifies the specific area targeted by the fire suppression operation. The "target spray area identifier" is a predefined identifier used to distinguish different key parts or spatial areas of the air compressor, such as the motor side, compressor body side, lubrication system side, or exhaust pipe side. During system deployment, relevant personnel have already divided the spray areas according to the air compressor structure and fire risk distribution, and established a "spray area and sub-valve correspondence table" within the electric valve assembly or the monitoring host. This correspondence table clearly specifies one or more sub-valve numbers corresponding to each spray area identifier. For example, the motor side spray area may correspond to sub-valve A, the lubrication system side spray area may correspond to sub-valve B, and some areas requiring combined coverage may correspond to both sub-valve A and sub-valve C. After parsing the control command, the electric valve assembly determines at least one set of sub-valves corresponding to the target spray area based on this correspondence table. This set will be the target of the fire suppression operation.

[0098] After confirming the set of sub-valves, the electric valve assembly does not simultaneously issue opening commands to all valves. Instead, it outputs opening control signals to each sub-valve sequentially according to a preset opening sequence. The "preset opening sequence" refers to the order in which the sub-valves open, determined during system design. Its purpose is to prevent excessive instantaneous pressure on the pipeline or disordered spraying of the extinguishing medium. For example, it can be specified that sub-valves closer to the extinguishing medium supply source are opened first, followed by those farther away, or that sub-valves corresponding to higher-risk areas are opened first. After outputting an opening control signal to a sub-valve, the electric valve assembly needs to confirm the actual operating status of that sub-valve. This "opening confirmation status" refers to the sub-valve having successfully transitioned from a closed to an open state. This confirmation can be achieved in various ways, such as through valve position feedback switches, valve drive current changes, or internal valve status signals. Once a sub-valve is confirmed to be open, the electric valve assembly sends corresponding valve readiness status information back to the monitoring host, indicating that the spray branch is ready to spray. By opening, confirming, and providing feedback one by one, the reliability of the sub-valve operation can be ensured, and system misjudgment can be avoided due to a valve jamming or malfunction.

[0099] The electric valve assembly is only allowed to output an opening control signal to the main valve when at least one sub-valve in the sub-valve set is in an open confirmation state. In other words, the opening of the main valve is contingent upon the successful opening of at least one sub-valve. This design aims to prevent the main valve from being accidentally opened when all sub-valves are closed, which could lead to the accumulation of extinguishing media in the main pipeline or ineffective release. Once the main valve receives the opening control signal and enters the open state, the extinguishing media can be directionally sprayed through the corresponding spray branches of the already opened sub-valves, achieving fire suppression in the target spray area. During spraying, the main valve remains open, while the open state of the sub-valves determines the specific spray location and range.

[0100] After the fire suppression spraying is completed, the electric valve assembly needs to complete the valve closing operation according to the established safety logic. Specifically, once all sub-valves are closed, the electric valve assembly automatically controls the main valve to enter the closed state. In other words, the open state of the main valve is always dependent on the effective open state of the sub-valves; as long as there are no sub-valves in the open confirmation state, the main valve is not allowed to remain open. This "sub-valve close first, main valve closes later" logic effectively prevents the main valve from remaining open when there is no effective spraying branch, thus avoiding meaningless flow of the extinguishing medium or pressure surges in the pipeline system. For example, in a fire suppression process, sub-valve A and sub-valve B open and complete spraying sequentially. When the monitoring host issues a closing command, the electric valve assembly first closes sub-valve A and sub-valve B sequentially, confirming that both are in the closed state, and then sends a closing control signal to the main valve, restoring the entire spraying system to a safe closed state.

[0101] Through the aforementioned control process, the electric valve assembly in this invention not only performs simple on / off functions, but also achieves precise control over the spray path and safety of the extinguishing medium through the logical dependency relationship between the main valve and the sub-valve. This control method, based on target spray area, valve assembly identification, sequential opening confirmation, and dependent closing, can effectively improve the reliability and safety of the mine air compressor fire prevention and extinguishing system under complex operating conditions.

[0102] Furthermore, the electric valve assembly is also used for:

[0103] After receiving the fire prevention and extinguishing control command from the monitoring host, the risk level information carried in the fire prevention and extinguishing control command is first parsed, and the corresponding spraying authorization level is determined according to the risk level information. Different spraying authorization levels correspond to the number of sub-valves that can be opened, the range of spraying branches, and the opening sequence strategy of the main valve, respectively.

[0104] Based on the determined injection authorization level, select a combination of sub-valve that matches the current risk level. When the risk level corresponds to a lower authorization level, only the sub-valve corresponding to a single target injection area is selected as the injection execution object, and the opening time of the main valve is restricted to within a first preset time range. When the risk level corresponds to a higher authorization level, multiple sub-valves corresponding to different injection areas are selected as joint injection execution objects, and the main valve is allowed to enter an extended opening or continuous opening state to form multi-branch coordinated injection.

[0105] After the main valve and at least one sub-valve are in the open state, the spray timing process is started according to the spray maintenance time set in the fire prevention and extinguishing control command, and the opening linkage between the main valve and the sub-valve combination is maintained continuously during the spray timing process, so that the fire extinguishing medium is continuously released in the corresponding spray branch.

[0106] During the injection timing process, when the risk level information updated by the monitoring host changes, the latest risk level is re-analyzed, and the number of opened sub-valves or the range of injection branches are dynamically adjusted according to the updated injection authorization level. At the same time, the remaining opening time or opening strategy of the main valve is adjusted synchronously to keep the injection scale in line with the real-time fire risk.

[0107] When the spray timing reaches the corresponding spray duration threshold or a spray end command is received, a shut-off control signal is first sent to the main valve to shut it off and interrupt the overall supply of extinguishing medium. After confirming the main valve is shut off, shut-off control signals are sent to each of the open sub-valves in sequence to shut them off one by one. Once all sub-valves are shut off, a spray end status feedback message is generated to indicate that the fire extinguishing spray process has been completely completed.

[0108] In this invention, the electric valve assembly serves as the core execution unit of the fire prevention and extinguishing system. It not only performs simple valve opening and closing functions but also dynamically adjusts the scale and method of extinguishing agent spraying based on the fire risk level. "Risk level information" refers to a discrete level identifier representing the severity of the fire, generated by the monitoring host after comprehensively analyzing factors such as temperature monitoring signals, smoke monitoring signals, and operational phases. For example, it can be divided into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk levels. Upon receiving a fire prevention and extinguishing control command from the monitoring host, the electric valve assembly first parses the command content, extracts the risk level information, and determines the corresponding spray authorization level based on a pre-set mapping relationship. Here, "spray authorization level" is an intermediate control layer concept introduced in this invention, used to transform the abstract risk level into a concrete, executable valve control strategy. Different spray authorization levels correspond to the number of sub-valves allowed to be opened, the allowed coverage range of spray branches, and the opening sequence and duration strategy of the main valve, respectively.

[0109] During the system deployment phase, a correspondence between risk levels and spray authorization levels has been established for different risk levels. For example, a low-risk level corresponds to a Level 1 spray authorization level, allowing only localized spraying; a high-risk level corresponds to a Level 2 or higher spray authorization level, allowing combined spraying from multiple branches. After determining the spray authorization level, the electric valve assembly selects a combination of sub-valves that matches the current risk level. Sub-valves are actuators arranged on different spray branches, each corresponding to one or more specific spray areas. When the risk level corresponds to a lower authorization level, the electric valve assembly selects only the sub-valve corresponding to a single target spray area as the spray execution target. This allows the extinguishing medium to be concentrated on the most likely localized area of ​​fire, avoiding unnecessary medium consumption. In this case, the opening time of the main valve is limited to a first preset time range, which can be set during system configuration, for example, limited to 30 seconds to 2 minutes, to achieve restricted and controllable extinguishing medium spraying.

[0110] When the risk level corresponds to a higher authorization level, the electric valve assembly simultaneously selects multiple sub-valves corresponding to different spray areas as the targets for joint spraying. This allows the extinguishing medium to be released simultaneously through multiple spray branches, thereby covering a larger air compressor area or multiple critical components. In this case, the main valve is allowed to enter either an extended opening state or a continuously open state. "Extended opening state" means that the main valve's opening time exceeds the first preset time range under low-risk conditions, such as extending to 5 or 10 minutes. "Continuously open state" means that the main valve's closing time is not predetermined during spraying; instead, the closing timing is determined by subsequent spray timing or changes in the risk level. In this way, multi-branch coordinated spraying can be quickly established in severe fire situations, improving fire extinguishing coverage and response efficiency.

[0111] After the main valve and at least one sub-valve are in the open state, the electric valve assembly initiates the spray timing process according to the spray duration set in the fire suppression control command. The "spray duration" refers to the allowed duration of this fire suppression spray, which is generated by the monitoring host based on risk level, historical experience, or system configuration and included in the fire suppression control command. The initiation of the spray timing process means that the electric valve assembly begins to measure the spray duration in real time. During this measurement process, the main valve and the sub-valve assembly maintain an open linkage relationship; that is, as long as the spray timing has not ended and the risk level has not decreased, the main valve and the corresponding sub-valve remain open, ensuring the continuous and stable release of the extinguishing medium in the corresponding spray branch.

[0112] During the spraying timing process, the system does not statically execute a predetermined strategy but allows for dynamic adjustments based on real-time fire conditions. When the monitoring host updates the risk level information during spraying—for example, downgrading the risk level due to a rapid drop in temperature or a significant decrease in smoke concentration, or upgrading the risk level due to fire spread—the electric valve group will re-analyze the latest risk level and adjust the current spraying strategy according to the updated spraying authorization level. Specifically, when the risk level decreases, the number of open sub-valves can be reduced, for example, switching from multi-branch spraying to single-branch spraying, while correspondingly shortening the remaining opening time of the main valve. When the risk level increases, the number of sub-valves can be increased or the spraying branch range can be expanded, while simultaneously extending the remaining opening time of the main valve or adjusting to a continuous opening strategy. Here, "remaining opening time" refers to the time period that has not yet been consumed beyond the original spraying duration. For example, if the original spraying time is 300 seconds and 120 seconds have been sprayed, then the remaining opening time is 180 seconds. After the risk level changes, this remaining time can be reset according to the new authorization level. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the spraying scale is always matched with the real-time fire risk, avoiding over-spraying or under-spraying.

[0113] When the spray timing reaches the corresponding spray duration threshold, or when the electric valve assembly receives a spray termination command from the monitoring host, the electric valve assembly executes the closing operation according to a preset safe closing sequence. First, a closing control signal is output to the main valve, causing it to close first, thereby interrupting the overall supply of extinguishing media and preventing any media from continuing to enter the pipeline during the subsequent closing of sub-valves. After confirming that the main valve has closed, closing control signals are then output to each of the opened sub-valves sequentially, causing each sub-valve to close one by one. This "sequential closing" can be performed in a pre-set order, such as closing the remote branch first, then the near branch, to reduce pipeline pressure fluctuations. After all sub-valves have closed, the electric valve assembly generates spray termination status feedback information and sends this information back to the monitoring host, indicating that the fire extinguishing spraying process has been completely completed.

[0114] Through the aforementioned execution logic, the electric valve assembly in this invention achieves complete closed-loop control, from risk level analysis, injection authorization mapping, valve combination selection, injection timing and dynamic adjustment, to safe and orderly closure and status feedback. This valve combination and timing control method, based on risk level dynamic drive, enables precise, adjustable, and highly safe injection of extinguishing media in fire prevention and extinguishing scenarios using mining air compressors.

[0115] The host computer 105 is connected to the monitoring host via a communication network. It is used to remotely monitor the operating status and fire prevention and extinguishing status of the underground air compressor area from the ground and to execute remote operation commands.

[0116] The host computer 105 is located on the coal mine surface or in the centralized control room. It serves as the remote monitoring and operation terminal for the underground monitoring host 101, used for centralized display, management, and control of the operating status and fire prevention and extinguishing status of the underground air compressor area. The term "host computer" refers to a computing device with data processing and human-computer interaction capabilities. It can be an industrial control computer, an industrial control server, or a general-purpose computer with corresponding performance, and establishes a communication connection with the underground monitoring host 101 through dedicated monitoring software. The host computer 105 typically runs in a stable operating system environment and is equipped with display devices, input devices, and network communication interfaces to meet the requirements of centralized mine monitoring.

[0117] The host computer 105 is connected to the monitoring host 101 via a communication network, which can be a coal mine underground monitoring ring network, an industrial Ethernet network, or other data communication networks that comply with coal mine safety regulations. During operation, the monitoring host 101 uploads data such as temperature monitoring signals, smoke monitoring signals, alarm status, the execution status of the electric valve group 104, and communication status to the host computer 105 in real time or periodically. The host computer 105 parses, stores, and visualizes the received data. In specific implementations, the host computer 105's display interface can present various monitoring parameters graphically, such as displaying temperature values, smoke concentration values, and their changing trends in the form of numerical values, curves, or status indicators, allowing operators to intuitively understand the real-time operating status of the air compressor area.

[0118] When communication is normal, the host computer 105 continuously receives data from the monitoring host 101 and displays it with normal status colors or icons. When a sensor is not connected or communication is abnormal, the host computer 105 can display the corresponding abnormality indicator on the interface based on the status information uploaded by the monitoring host 101, accompanied by an audible and visual alarm to alert the operator. This communication status display mechanism helps to promptly detect abnormalities in underground equipment or communication links, thereby avoiding the impact on the reliable operation of the fire prevention and extinguishing system due to missing information.

[0119] The host computer 105 is used not only for status monitoring but also for executing remote operation commands. "Remote operation commands" refer to control instructions input by operators on the ground via the host computer 105 and sent to the monitoring host 101. These commands can include controlling the opening or closing of the electric valve assembly 104, switching the operating mode of the fire prevention and extinguishing system, and setting relevant parameters. After the host computer 105 sends a remote operation command, the monitoring host 101 receives the command, performs a validity check, and then executes the corresponding operation, thereby achieving remote control of the underground fire prevention and extinguishing actuators from the surface. In actual operation, the host computer 105 can restrict remote operation permissions based on the system status; for example, it can only allow valve opening operations when an alarm occurs or specific conditions are met to ensure the safety of system operation.

[0120] In addition, the host computer 105 is also used to configure and manage fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules and related parameters. Operators can set parameters such as temperature alarm thresholds, smoke alarm thresholds, and the opening duration of the electric valve assembly 104 through the host computer 105, and then send the settings to the monitoring host 101. For example, in one embodiment, the operator can set the valve opening duration to 10 minutes in the host computer interface. The host computer 105 sends this time parameter to the monitoring host 101 as a configuration command, and the monitoring host 101 automatically closes the valve according to the set time when performing fire prevention and extinguishing control. In this way, the host computer 105 realizes centralized configuration of the fire prevention and extinguishing system's operating strategy, enabling the system to be flexibly adjusted according to different mine operating conditions.

[0121] The host computer 105 also features data logging and historical query functions. It can store received monitoring data, alarm events, and operation records, forming historical data records in chronological order. Operators can use the host computer 105 to query and analyze historical temperature change curves, smoke concentration changes, and fire prevention and extinguishing execution records, thereby providing data support for equipment operation management, safety assessment, and accident tracing. This historical data function helps improve the management level and operational transparency of the mine air compressor fire prevention and extinguishing system.

[0122] In this invention, the host computer 105 realizes remote monitoring, centralized management and operation control of the downhole monitoring host 101 and its associated equipment, forming an overall architecture for collaborative work between the uphole and downhole systems.

[0123] Furthermore, the host computer is also used for:

[0124] After establishing a communication connection with the downhole monitoring host, the system receives real-time operational status information and fire prevention and extinguishing status information reported by the monitoring host, and classifies the current system status into normal monitoring status, abnormal early warning status, and fire prevention and extinguishing execution status based on the received status information.

[0125] When the system is in normal monitoring state or abnormal early warning state, operators are allowed to issue fire prevention and extinguishing related parameter configuration instructions through the host computer. Before the parameters are issued, the integrity and legality of the parameter configuration instructions are checked. Only when the checks pass will the corresponding parameters be sent to the monitoring host as a set of parameters to be effective.

[0126] After receiving the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger status information from the monitoring host, the host computer is controlled to enter the fire prevention and extinguishing restricted operation mode. In the fire prevention and extinguishing restricted operation mode, the remote operation commands that are not related to fire prevention and extinguishing are automatically prohibited from being issued, and the control requests from the operator and the local control requests from the monitoring host are prioritized for arbitration.

[0127] Only after receiving confirmation information from the monitoring host that the fire prevention and extinguishing operation has been completed, and confirming that the current temperature monitoring signal and smoke monitoring signal are both within a safe range, will the restricted operation state for fire prevention and extinguishing be lifted, allowing previously issued but not yet effective parameter configuration commands to take effect according to preset effective rules, and restoring the host computer's normal remote control permissions over the monitoring host.

[0128] In this invention, the host computer refers to a computing device deployed in a ground control center or centralized monitoring room. It establishes a stable data communication connection with the underground monitoring host via an industrial communication network to achieve centralized monitoring and control of the mine air compressor fire prevention and extinguishing system. "Establishing a communication connection" means that the host computer and the monitoring host complete communication parameter configuration, link confirmation, and data interaction initialization via wired or wireless communication, enabling both parties to periodically or in real-time transmit status information and control commands bidirectionally. After the communication connection is established, the host computer continuously receives operating status information and fire prevention and extinguishing status information reported by the monitoring host. Operating status information may include the air compressor's operating stage identifier, current temperature value, smoke concentration value, valve status, and communication status; fire prevention and extinguishing status information may include whether it is in a warning state, a fire prevention and extinguishing triggered state, or a fire prevention and extinguishing execution completed state. All this status information is uploaded in structured data form, which the host computer parses and uses as the basis for system status judgment.

[0129] Based on the received operational and fire suppression status information, the host computer classifies the system's current state into three categories: normal monitoring, abnormal warning, and fire suppression execution. "Normal monitoring" means the monitoring host has not detected any abnormal conditions, and the system is in its routine operational monitoring state. "Abnormal warning" means the monitoring host has detected abnormal temperature or smoke and entered the warning stage, but fire suppression execution has not yet been triggered. "Fire suppression execution" means the monitoring host has confirmed the fire suppression trigger conditions and is currently or about to execute the spraying of extinguishing agents. In practice, the host computer can classify the state by receiving the status identifier field reported by the monitoring host. For example, a status field of "0" indicates normal monitoring, "1" indicates abnormal warning, and "2" indicates fire suppression execution. This state classification result will serve as the basis for subsequent access control and command processing by the host computer.

[0130] When the system is in normal monitoring or abnormal early warning state, the host computer allows operators to issue fire prevention and extinguishing related parameter configuration commands through the human-machine interface. These "fire prevention and extinguishing related parameters" can include temperature alarm thresholds, smoke alarm thresholds, suppression time window lengths, valve opening durations, and spray strategies corresponding to risk levels. To prevent parameter errors or unauthorized modifications from affecting system safety, the host computer performs integrity and legality checks on the parameter configuration commands before issuing them. Integrity checks verify that the parameter configuration commands contain all necessary fields, such as parameter name, parameter value, applicable scope, and effective conditions, preventing the monitoring host from failing to parse them correctly due to missing fields. Legality checks verify that the parameter values ​​are within the allowed safe range; for example, whether the temperature alarm threshold is higher than the equipment's normal operating temperature but lower than the equipment's tolerance limit. For instance, if an operator attempts to set the temperature alarm threshold to 40℃, while the system's preset allowable range is 60℃ to 120℃, the host computer will directly reject the configuration request during the legality check phase. Only when both integrity and legality checks pass will the host computer send the corresponding parameters to the monitoring host and mark them as "parameters to be effective". This indicates that the parameters have not yet participated in the fire prevention and extinguishing determination, but will only become effective after certain conditions are met.

[0131] Upon receiving the fire suppression trigger status information from the monitoring host, the host computer enters a restricted fire suppression operation state. This "restricted fire suppression operation state" refers to a special working state where the host computer actively tightens its control permissions during fire suppression execution. In this state, the host computer automatically prohibits the issuance of remote operation commands unrelated to fire suppression, such as air compressor start / stop commands, and modifications to operating or communication parameters, to prevent these operations from interfering with the ongoing fire suppression execution. Simultaneously, the host computer performs priority arbitration between control requests from operators and local control requests from the monitoring host. "Priority arbitration" means that when remote operation requests and local control requests conflict in time, the host computer determines which type of request can take effect based on pre-set priority rules. In this invention, control requests directly related to fire suppression execution have the highest priority, followed by local control requests, and finally, non-critical remote control requests from the host computer. This arbitration mechanism ensures that in emergency fire suppression situations, system control always prioritizes safety measures and does not affect fire suppression effectiveness due to misoperation or permission conflicts.

[0132] The host computer only releases the restricted operation state for fire suppression only after receiving a confirmation message from the monitoring host confirming the completion of fire suppression operations, and after confirming that both the current temperature and smoke monitoring signals are within safe ranges. The "confirmation message for completion of fire suppression operations" is a clear status indicator reported by the monitoring host after completing the spraying of the extinguishing agent and closing the relevant valves, indicating that the fire suppression process has ended. "Safe range" refers to the temperature and smoke signals being below their respective safe thresholds and remaining stable for a certain confirmation period, such as showing no upward trend for several consecutive seconds. The host computer only releases the restricted operation state after both the completion confirmation and environmental safety confirmation conditions are met simultaneously. After release, the host computer applies previously issued but not yet effective parameter configuration commands according to preset effectiveness rules. These "preset effectiveness rules" can include immediate effectiveness, effectiveness in the next operating cycle, or effectiveness after manual confirmation, depending on the system configuration. Subsequently, the host computer restores its regular remote control permissions to the monitoring host, returning the system to normal monitoring and management status.

[0133] Through the above technical solution, the host computer not only undertakes the functions of information display and remote operation, but also plays a key role in the fire prevention and extinguishing system in terms of status perception, access control, parameter management and control arbitration, realizing orderly coordination between the surface and underground during the fire prevention and extinguishing process.

[0134] Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A new mine air compressor fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system, characterized in that, include: The monitoring host is located in the air compressor area of ​​the underground coal mine. It is used to receive monitoring signals from sensors and generate fire prevention and extinguishing control commands according to the pre-set fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules. When the temperature monitoring signal and / or smoke monitoring signal meet the preset alarm conditions, the electric valve group is triggered to open, so as to spray the fire extinguishing medium and thus prevent or deal with the fire in the mining air compressor. Temperature sensors, connected to the monitoring host, are used to detect the temperature of relevant parts of the mining air compressor in real time and output corresponding temperature monitoring signals. The smoke sensor, connected to the monitoring host, is used to detect the smoke concentration in the area where the mining air compressor is located in real time and output the corresponding smoke monitoring signal. The electric valve assembly, connected to the monitoring host, is used to open or close the spray channel of the fire extinguishing medium when a fire prevention and extinguishing control command is received. The host computer connects to the monitoring host via a communication network to remotely monitor the operating status and fire prevention and extinguishing status of the underground air compressor area and execute remote operation commands.

2. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring host is specifically used for: After continuously receiving temperature monitoring signals from the temperature sensor and smoke monitoring signals from the smoke sensor, the monitoring signals are timestamped and synchronized according to a unified time reference to form a multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset that characterizes the current thermal and smoke states of the air compressor area. Based on the multi-source synchronous monitoring dataset, state feature quantities are extracted, including at least the rate of temperature change, the magnitude of smoke concentration change, and the cooperative relationship between the two within a preset time window. A corresponding operational risk level identifier is generated based on the state feature quantities, wherein the operational risk level identifier is used to distinguish between normal state, abnormal warning state, and fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state. When the operational risk level indicator reaches the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment sub-rule corresponding to the operational risk level indicator is invoked to jointly verify the temperature change rate and smoke concentration change amplitude, and generate a set of fire prevention and extinguishing control parameters including the target spray area, valve opening sequence and valve opening duration. Based on the set of fire prevention and extinguishing control parameters, the electric valve group is output with phased fire prevention and extinguishing control commands according to the predefined execution sequence. The electric valve group first enters the preparation opening state and completes the state confirmation, and then enters the effective opening state to realize the directional spraying of the fire extinguishing medium. After the corresponding valve opening duration is reached, the closing control command is automatically generated to complete a complete fire prevention and extinguishing execution process.

3. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring host is also used for: Based on a joint assessment of the air compressor's power supply status, operating current stability, and historical temperature change trends, the current operating stage of the air compressor is identified, and the operating stage is divided into at least the start-up period, steady-state operation period, and shutdown transition period. The identification results of the operating stage serve as the basic input status for subsequent fire prevention and extinguishing determinations. When the air compressor is identified as starting up, the fire prevention and extinguishing judgment rules corresponding to the starting up period are invoked. The rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal is checked, and the trigger threshold of the smoke monitoring signal is temporarily increased or the continuous confirmation time of smoke anomalies is extended to avoid misjudgment caused by transient temperature rise or airflow disturbance during startup. When the air compressor is identified as being in a steady-state operation period, the absolute value and rate of change of the temperature monitoring signal and the concentration level of the smoke monitoring signal are jointly judged. When any signal reaches the corresponding steady-state threshold condition, a steady-state risk judgment result is generated, and the judgment result is used to determine whether to enter the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state. When the air compressor is identified as being in a shutdown transition period, priority should be given to the downward trend of the temperature monitoring signal and the continuous change of the smoke monitoring signal. Only when the temperature rises abnormally after shutdown or the smoke concentration continues to rise to the preset condition should the fire prevention and extinguishing control command be triggered, thereby avoiding false triggering of non-fire situations during the shutdown residual heat release phase.

4. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring host is also used for: After receiving temperature monitoring signals and smoke monitoring signals, the two types of signals are independently judged for anomalies, and the judgment results are marked as temperature anomaly markers or smoke anomaly markers. When only the smoke abnormality indicator is detected and no temperature abnormality indicator is detected, the control monitoring host enters the abnormal warning state and outputs the warning information to the host computer. At the same time, the generation of fire prevention and extinguishing control commands is prohibited, so that the system only executes the alarm and does not execute the fire extinguishing spray. When a temperature anomaly indicator is detected but no smoke anomaly indicator is detected, the duration and rate of change of the temperature anomaly are verified a second time. Only when the temperature anomaly meets both the duration and rate conditions will the anomaly state be upgraded to a fire prevention and extinguishing candidate state. When both temperature anomaly and smoke anomaly indicators are detected simultaneously, the current state is directly determined to be a fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, and corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing control commands are generated based on the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state to achieve rapid response to fires in mining air compressors.

5. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring host is also used for: When the temperature monitoring signal or smoke monitoring signal first reaches the abnormal condition, the suppression window timing mechanism is activated. The corresponding monitoring signal is continuously collected within the preset suppression time window, and the existence of the abnormal signal is confirmed to filter out short-term abnormalities caused by lubricating oil vapor volatilization, dust disturbance or instantaneous airflow changes. Only when the abnormal monitoring signal continuously meets the preset abnormal conditions within the preset suppression time window, and there is no obvious decline or interruption, is it allowed to upgrade the abnormal state from the warning state to the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger state, and generate a fire prevention and extinguishing control command. After the fire prevention and extinguishing control command is generated, the control monitoring host enters the fire prevention and extinguishing control state, and locks unauthorized operation commands in the fire prevention and extinguishing control state, so that non-fire prevention and extinguishing related control commands from the host computer or local operation are temporarily ineffective until the current fire prevention and extinguishing execution process is completed. After the fire prevention and extinguishing operation is completed and the temperature and smoke monitoring signals are confirmed to have returned to safe ranges, the fire prevention and extinguishing control state lock is released, and the monitoring host's ability to respond to normal operation control commands is restored.

6. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric valve assembly is also used for: Upon receiving a fire prevention and extinguishing control command from the monitoring host, the system first identifies the target spray area identifier contained in the fire prevention and extinguishing control command, and then determines at least one set of sub-valves corresponding to the target spray area based on a pre-established correspondence table between spray areas and sub-valves. After confirming the set of sub-valves, the system outputs opening control signals to each sub-valve in sequence according to the preset opening order, and sends the corresponding valve ready status information back to the monitoring host after each sub-valve reaches the opening confirmation state. An opening control signal is only allowed to be output to the main valve when at least one sub-valve in the sub-valve set is in the open confirmation state, so that the main valve enters the open state and the extinguishing medium is sprayed in a directional manner through the corresponding spray branch of the opened sub-valve; and after all the sub-valves are closed, the main valve is automatically controlled to enter the closed state to ensure that the open state of the main valve is always dependent on the effective open state of the sub-valves.

7. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric valve assembly is also used for: After receiving the fire prevention and extinguishing control command from the monitoring host, the risk level information carried in the fire prevention and extinguishing control command is first parsed, and the corresponding spraying authorization level is determined according to the risk level information. Different spraying authorization levels correspond to the number of sub-valves that can be opened, the range of spraying branches, and the opening sequence strategy of the main valve, respectively. Based on the determined injection authorization level, select a combination of sub-valve that matches the current risk level. When the risk level corresponds to a lower authorization level, only the sub-valve corresponding to a single target injection area is selected as the injection execution object, and the opening time of the main valve is restricted to within a first preset time range. When the risk level corresponds to a higher authorization level, multiple sub-valves corresponding to different injection areas are selected as joint injection execution objects, and the main valve is allowed to enter an extended opening or continuous opening state to form multi-branch coordinated injection. After the main valve and at least one sub-valve are in the open state, the spray timing process is started according to the spray maintenance time set in the fire prevention and extinguishing control command, and the opening linkage between the main valve and the sub-valve combination is maintained continuously during the spray timing process, so that the fire extinguishing medium is continuously released in the corresponding spray branch. During the injection timing process, when the risk level information updated by the monitoring host changes, the latest risk level is re-analyzed, and the number of opened sub-valves or the range of injection branches are dynamically adjusted according to the updated injection authorization level. At the same time, the remaining opening time or opening strategy of the main valve is adjusted synchronously to keep the injection scale in line with the real-time fire risk. When the spray timing reaches the corresponding spray duration threshold or a spray end command is received, a shut-off control signal is first sent to the main valve to shut it off and interrupt the overall supply of extinguishing medium. After confirming the main valve is shut off, shut-off control signals are sent to each of the open sub-valves in sequence to shut them off one by one. Once all sub-valves are shut off, a spray end status feedback message is generated to indicate that the fire extinguishing spray process has been completely completed.

8. The novel fire prevention and extinguishing monitoring system for mining air compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host computer is also used for: After establishing a communication connection with the downhole monitoring host, the system receives real-time operational status information and fire prevention and extinguishing status information reported by the monitoring host, and classifies the current system status into normal monitoring status, abnormal early warning status, and fire prevention and extinguishing execution status based on the received status information. When the system is in normal monitoring state or abnormal early warning state, operators are allowed to issue fire prevention and extinguishing related parameter configuration instructions through the host computer. Before the parameters are issued, the integrity and legality of the parameter configuration instructions are checked. Only when the checks pass will the corresponding parameters be sent to the monitoring host as a set of parameters to be effective. After receiving the fire prevention and extinguishing trigger status information from the monitoring host, the host computer is controlled to enter the fire prevention and extinguishing restricted operation mode. In the fire prevention and extinguishing restricted operation mode, the remote operation commands that are not related to fire prevention and extinguishing are automatically prohibited from being issued, and the control requests from the operator and the local control requests from the monitoring host are prioritized for arbitration. Only after receiving confirmation information from the monitoring host that the fire prevention and extinguishing operation has been completed, and confirming that the current temperature monitoring signal and smoke monitoring signal are both within a safe range, will the restricted operation state for fire prevention and extinguishing be lifted, allowing previously issued but not yet effective parameter configuration commands to take effect according to preset effective rules, and restoring the host computer's normal remote control permissions over the monitoring host.

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