Hydrogen recovery and treatment method and system suitable for hydrogen cylinder inspection station for vehicles

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydrogen recovery and processing method and system suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations. The method recovers hydrogen released during the inspection of vehicle hydrogen cylinders; performs multi-dimensional detection on the recovered hydrogen to generate a hydrogen detection dataset; inputs the hydrogen detection dataset into a comprehensive judgment model, which includes compliance factors, risk factors, and historical factors; comprehensively evaluates the quality status and potential risks of the hydrogen and generates corresponding diversion control commands; guides the hydrogen to a classified processing path according to the diversion control commands, including a first path and a second path; and stores, discharges, or safely disposes of the hydrogen processed through the first or second path. Specifically designed for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, this method proactively detects complex impurities, traces cylinder history, and intelligently predicts risks, automatically analyzes and processes recovered hydrogen, and optimizes decision-making, thereby improving hydrogen recovery and processing efficiency and hydrogen resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated hydrogen recovery and treatment technology, and in particular to a hydrogen recovery and treatment method and system suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the safety and reliability of vehicle hydrogen cylinders, as key pressure-bearing equipment, are subject to strict regulation. According to relevant regulations and technical specifications, vehicle hydrogen cylinders must undergo periodic inspection at an inspection station after a certain period of use. During the inspection process, residual hydrogen inside the cylinder must be vented, recovered, or replaced to meet inspection operation and safety management requirements.

[0003] The hydrogen recovered during the inspection process typically originates from vehicle hydrogen cylinders at different stages of use, operating environments, and in different residual states. Its composition differs significantly from hydrogen produced during normal operation or supply. This recovered hydrogen is characterized by its dispersed sources, discontinuous operating conditions, large compositional fluctuations, and uncertain types and amounts of impurities. It belongs to the category of non-design-state hydrogen generated under inspection conditions.

[0004] Existing hydrogen processing technologies mainly focus on hydrogen recovery and utilization in industrial production processes, or purification treatment of hydrogen at supply sites such as hydrogen refueling stations. These technologies typically rely on a stable hydrogen source, continuous operation, and predictable impurity composition, with the primary goal of ensuring that the hydrogen consistently meets predetermined quality standards. However, these technologies are not suitable for use at vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations due to the uncertain composition of hydrogen during recovery operations and the significant differences in hydrogen quality.

[0005] In addition, existing hydrogen quality testing technologies mostly focus on detecting and analyzing hydrogen components, and are usually limited to providing test results. They do not involve classifying and judging the recovered hydrogen, controlling the processing path, and making compliant disposal decisions based on the test results, which makes it difficult to meet the actual needs of inspection stations under the dual constraints of safety supervision and resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a hydrogen recovery and processing method and system suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations. Targeting the specific scenario of vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, this method can proactively detect complex impurities, trace the history of gas cylinders, and intelligently predict risks. It also automatically analyzes, processes, and optimizes the recovered hydrogen, thereby improving the efficiency of hydrogen recovery and processing.

[0007] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a hydrogen recovery and treatment method suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, comprising: Recover hydrogen released during the inspection and testing of vehicle hydrogen cylinders; The recovered hydrogen is subjected to multi-dimensional testing to generate a hydrogen testing dataset. The multi-dimensional testing includes: quantitative analysis of three key impurities, namely moisture, oxygen and total sulfur, to obtain impurity concentration data; qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities that exceed the predetermined conventional testing indicators, and generating early warning data when screening is abnormal; and obtaining the cylinder history data of the current vehicle hydrogen cylinder, which includes historical filling records, maintenance records and accident records. The hydrogen detection dataset is input into a comprehensive judgment model, which includes a compliance factor, a risk factor, and a historical factor. The compliance factor is extracted from the impurity concentration data, the risk factor is extracted from the early warning data, and the historical factor is extracted from the historical data of the gas cylinder. The quality status and potential risks of the hydrogen are comprehensively evaluated, and corresponding diversion control commands are generated. According to the diversion control command, the hydrogen is guided to the classification and processing path, which includes a first path and a second path. The first path is used to directly store or output qualified hydrogen, and the second path is used to purify or safely dispose of non-qualified hydrogen. The hydrogen gas processed through the first or second path is stored, discharged, or disposed of safely.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a comprehensive assessment of the quality status and potential risks of the hydrogen gas further includes: A comprehensive evaluation is conducted based on system status factors, which are generated based on the current health and remaining processing capacity of the downstream purification unit. When the system state factor indicates insufficient purification capacity, even if the compliance factor indicates compliance, the comprehensive judgment model increases the rate at which the hydrogen is judged as being in a state pending confirmation.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the qualitative screening of the unknown or abnormal impurities is performed by a time-of-flight mass spectrometer or an ion mobility spectrometer, which acquires the full-component spectrum of the recovered gas in real time and compares it with a pre-stored clean hydrogen mass spectrometry library. When an abnormal peak is detected, graded early warning data is output based on the comparison result of the peak area and the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second path includes: A standard purification path is used to process recovered hydrogen that has been determined to have excessive levels of common impurities. The special treatment path is used to treat recovered hydrogen that has been determined to be in a state of pending confirmation or has a special type of pollution. It is equipped with a special adsorption device that can be selectively switched and has a reflux detection branch, so that the hydrogen after special treatment can be resampled and tested and returned to the standard purification path or transferred to the next level of treatment according to the test results. The safety disposal path is used to handle hydrogen gas in a critical state that is determined to contain irreversible contaminants. It is equipped with a dilution device and a disposal device. When the recovered hydrogen gas is guided to the safety disposal path, an emergency alarm is triggered and the upstream pipeline is purged with inert gas.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, if the compliance factor indicates that the impurity concentration meets the standard, but the evaluation value of the risk factor or the historical factor exceeds a preset threshold, the recovered hydrogen is determined to be in a pending confirmation state, and a diversion control command is generated to guide the recovered hydrogen to a special processing path.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the special processing path is further provided with a reflux detection branch, so that the hydrogen gas after special processing can be re-detected.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the step of storing, discharging, or safely disposing of hydrogen gas processed via the first or second path includes: The recovered hydrogen that meets the quality standards for automotive hydrogen after being directly output through the first path or processed through the second path is stored for recharging or external supply. Gases that have undergone safe treatment are safely released into the atmosphere after monitoring confirms that they meet emission standards. Solid hazardous waste generated during the special treatment process shall be collected and disposed of in accordance with the hazardous waste management regulations.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after the step of storing, discharging, or safely disposing of the hydrogen processed via the first or second path, the following steps are included: Collect corresponding data between different comprehensive evaluation results and actual treatment effects; The accuracy of the comprehensive judgment model and the performance degradation trend of the purification unit were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the calculation weights of risk factors and historical factors in the comprehensive judgment model are automatically optimized, and a report on optimization suggestions for processing strategies is generated.

[0015] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a hydrogen recovery and treatment system suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, for implementing the aforementioned hydrogen recovery and treatment method suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations. The system includes: The hydrogen recovery interface is used to connect to the vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection station to recover the hydrogen released during the inspection process. The intelligent sensing unit, connected to the hydrogen recovery interface, includes an impurity quantitative analysis module, an impurity qualitative early warning module, and a cylinder history information module. The impurity quantitative analysis module is used to perform online quantitative analysis of at least moisture, oxygen, and total sulfur. The impurity qualitative early warning module is used to perform qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities and generate early warning data. The cylinder history information module is used to acquire the cylinder history data of the current vehicle hydrogen cylinder. The decision control unit is connected to the intelligent sensing unit and has the integrated judgment model built in, which is used to generate the diversion control command; The diversion execution unit, connected to the decision control unit, is used to guide the recovered hydrogen to the corresponding processing path according to the diversion control command.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the system further includes a non-compliance processing unit, the non-compliance processing unit comprising: Standard purification module, including dehydration and deoxygenation device; Specialized treatment modules include dedicated adsorption columns or filters for removing specific pollutants, and are equipped with reflux detection branches; The safety handling module includes a buffer mixing tank, an inert gas dilution interface, and a disposal device.

[0017] The hydrogen recovery and treatment method and system of the present invention, applicable to hydrogen cylinder inspection stations for vehicles, has at least the following beneficial effects: Designed for the recovery of hydrogen generated during the inspection of automotive hydrogen cylinders, this system fully considers the characteristics of this type of hydrogen, such as its dispersed sources, discontinuous operating conditions, and uncertain composition. It differs from the processing needs of industrial production or hydrogen supply scenarios, adapting to the operating conditions and safety supervision requirements of inspection stations, and has a clear application focus. By performing component analysis on the recovered hydrogen and comparing the results with preset automotive hydrogen quality requirements, different processing or disposal paths are selected based on the comparison results. This transforms the unified processing of recovered hydrogen into classified judgment and path-specific processing, enabling quality-based processing path control, avoiding unnecessary processing, and improving the rationality of system operation. It can proactively detect complex impurities, trace the history of gas cylinders, and intelligently predict risks, making graded and path-specific processing decisions accordingly, improving hydrogen recovery and processing efficiency. By performing quality judgment and path control on recovered hydrogen within the inspection station, hydrogen that does not meet automotive hydrogen quality requirements can be properly processed or disposed of, reducing the risk of unqualified hydrogen being misused in subsequent stages, improving the safety and compliance of recovered hydrogen, and contributing to the safety of inspection operations and equipment operation. Recycled hydrogen that meets the quality requirements for automotive hydrogen can be directly guided into the appropriate storage or utilization stages, reducing resource waste caused by repeated purification or direct emission and improving the utilization efficiency of hydrogen resources.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of a hydrogen recovery and treatment method applicable to a vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection station according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second flowchart of a hydrogen recovery and treatment method applicable to a vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection station according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the comprehensive evaluation and decision-making logic processing of the hydrogen recovery and treatment method applicable to vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of a hydrogen recovery and processing system for a vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection station, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number, and "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. If "first," "second," etc. are used in the description, they are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0023] The application scenarios for automotive hydrogen cylinders vary widely. Different operating regions, climates, and operating conditions lead to vastly different types of impurities that may be introduced into the cylinders. The composition, types, and concentration levels of residual hydrogen in cylinders removed from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles of varying operating years and maintenance levels exhibit significant dispersion, diversity, and unpredictability. The number, model, specifications, residual pressure, and hydrogen content of cylinders received daily by the inspection station are highly random and uncertain. During peak periods, dozens of cylinders may be connected simultaneously, while during off-peak periods, only a few may be received. This intermittent, pulsed, and highly fluctuating operating mode places high demands on response sensitivity, buffer adaptability, and wide-range stable operation performance.

[0024] The abnormal impurities actually detected in the recovered hydrogen at the testing station go far beyond the commonly recognized moisture, oxygen, and nitrogen. They may also include sulfur compounds, hydrocarbons and oil vapors, particulate matter and metal shavings, and characteristic chemicals that may have been accidentally introduced. When residual gases from different cylinders mix in the recovery pipeline, synergistic effects or secondary chemical reactions may occur between the various impurity components, and the hazards may far exceed the simple sum of individual impurities. For example, high moisture levels in one cylinder combined with hydrogen sulfide in another cylinder can create a wet hydrogen sulfide environment on the inner walls of the pipeline and container, posing a potential threat of stress corrosion cracking to low-alloy steel materials. Moisture combined with certain chloride residues can form a highly corrosive hydrochloric acid microenvironment. If the system's detection and judgment are based solely on threshold comparisons of individual impurity concentrations, this coupled hazard cannot be seen. Impurity coupling can easily lead to misjudgments, resulting in incorrect conclusions that safety standards are met.

[0025] To address known common impurities, testing stations are typically equipped with purification equipment such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or catalytic deoxygenation. The core functional materials of these devices (such as precious metal catalysts and molecular sieves) are expensive and extremely sensitive to specific poisons. For example, palladium-based deoxygenation catalysts are rapidly poisoned and deactivated when sulfur content reaches ppm levels; the microporous structure of molecular sieves can become clogged by the condensation of grease vapors, making regeneration difficult. Current technology indiscriminately introduces all non-compliant gases into the purification unit, essentially exposing sophisticated intelligence analysis departments directly to an unknown chemical weapons attack, resulting in an extremely high risk of asset damage.

[0026] Current technologies treat recycling, treatment, and emission as isolated, sequential processes, failing to integrate the quality data generated during treatment with the historical records of gas cylinders, the health status of purification equipment, and even regional hydrogen utilization needs. This lack of a comprehensive, lifecycle-based intelligent decision-making loop keeps the system operating in a blind-box, passive, experience-based mode. It doesn't know the quality of the next gas cylinder, nor why purification costs surge at certain times, and thus cannot provide managers with any predictive or optimization-oriented decision support.

[0027] In the recycling process at vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, there is currently a lack of a targeted and feasible technical solution for determining the quality of recycled hydrogen while ensuring safety and compliance, and selecting the appropriate processing path based on the determination results.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] This embodiment provides a hydrogen recovery and treatment method suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The method mainly includes steps S101 to S106: S101. Recover hydrogen released during the inspection of vehicle hydrogen cylinders.

[0030] S102. Perform multi-dimensional detection on the recovered hydrogen to generate a hydrogen detection dataset. The multi-dimensional detection includes: quantitative analysis of three key impurities, namely moisture, oxygen and total sulfur, to obtain impurity concentration data; qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities that exceed the predetermined routine detection indicators, and generating early warning data when screening is abnormal; and obtaining the cylinder history data of the current vehicle hydrogen cylinder, which includes historical filling records, maintenance records and accident records.

[0031] S103. Input the hydrogen detection dataset into the comprehensive judgment model. The comprehensive judgment model includes compliance factors, risk factors, and historical factors. Compliance factors are extracted from impurity concentration data, risk factors are extracted from early warning data, and historical factors are extracted from historical data of gas cylinders.

[0032] S104. Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the quality status and potential risks of hydrogen, and generate corresponding diversion control commands.

[0033] S105. According to the diversion control command, guide the hydrogen to the classification and treatment path. The classification and treatment path includes a first path and a second path. The first path is used to directly store or output qualified hydrogen, and the second path is used to purify or safely dispose of non-qualified hydrogen.

[0034] S106. To store, release or safely dispose of hydrogen after it has been processed through the first or second path.

[0035] The comprehensive assessment of the quality status and potential risks of hydrogen in step S104 above also includes: A comprehensive evaluation is conducted based on system status factors, which are generated based on the current health status and remaining processing capacity of the downstream purification units. When the system status factor indicates insufficient purification capacity, even if the compliance factor indicates compliance, the comprehensive judgment model increases the rate of classifying the recovered hydrogen as pending confirmation.

[0036] Qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities is performed using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer or ion mobility spectrometer. The full-component spectrum of the recovered gas is acquired in real time and compared with a pre-stored clean hydrogen mass spectrometry library. When an abnormal peak is detected, graded early warning data is output based on the comparison result of the peak area and the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.

[0037] The second path in step S105 above includes: A standard purification path is used to process recovered hydrogen that has been determined to have excessive levels of common impurities. The special treatment path is used to treat recovered hydrogen that has been determined to be in a state of pending confirmation or has a special type of pollution. It is equipped with a special adsorption device that can be selectively switched and has a reflux detection branch, so that the hydrogen after special treatment can be resampled and tested and returned to the standard purification path or transferred to the next level of treatment according to the test results. The safety disposal path is used to handle hydrogen in a critical state that is determined to contain irreversible contaminants. It is equipped with dilution and disposal devices. When the recovered hydrogen is guided to the safety disposal path, an emergency alarm is triggered and the upstream pipeline is purged with inert gas.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, if the compliance factor indicates that the impurity concentration meets the standard, but the evaluation value of the risk factor or historical factor exceeds the preset threshold, the recovered hydrogen is determined to be in a pending confirmation state, and a diversion control command is generated to guide the recovered hydrogen to a special processing path.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the special processing path is further provided with a reflux detection branch, so that the hydrogen gas after special processing can be re-detected.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the steps of storing, discharging, or safely disposing of hydrogen gas after processing via a first or second path include: Hydrogen that is directly output through the first path or hydrogen that meets the quality standards for automotive use after being processed through the second path is stored for refilling or external supply. Gases that have undergone safe treatment are safely released into the atmosphere after monitoring confirms that they meet emission standards. Solid hazardous waste generated during the special treatment process shall be collected and disposed of in accordance with the hazardous waste management regulations.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the steps of storing, discharging, or safely disposing of the hydrogen processed via the first or second path, the method includes: Collect corresponding data between different comprehensive evaluation results and actual treatment effects; The accuracy of the comprehensive judgment model and the performance degradation trend of the purification unit were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the calculation weights of risk factors and historical factors in the comprehensive judgment model are automatically optimized, and a report on optimization suggestions for processing strategies is generated.

[0042] Please see Figure 4 This embodiment also provides a hydrogen recovery and treatment system suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, used to implement the above-described hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations. The system includes: The hydrogen recovery interface 100 is used to connect to the vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection station to recover the hydrogen released during the inspection process. The intelligent sensing unit 200, connected to the hydrogen recovery interface 100, includes: an impurity quantitative analysis module for online quantitative analysis of at least moisture, oxygen, and total sulfur; an impurity qualitative early warning module for qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities and generating early warning data; and a cylinder history information module for acquiring cylinder history data of the current vehicle hydrogen cylinder. The decision control unit 300 is connected to the intelligent sensing unit 200, has a built-in comprehensive judgment model, and is configured to generate diversion control commands. The diversion execution unit 400 is connected to the decision control unit 300 and is used to guide the recovered hydrogen to the corresponding processing path according to the diversion control command.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the recovered hydrogen compliant treatment further includes a non-compliant treatment unit 500, which includes: Standard purification module, including dehydration and deoxygenation device; Specialized treatment modules include dedicated adsorption columns or filters for removing specific pollutants, and are equipped with reflux detection branches; The safety handling module includes a buffer mixing tank, an inert gas dilution interface, and a disposal device.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 The following is a detailed description of the hydrogen recovery and treatment method and system for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations provided by embodiments of the present invention. The method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: S201, Hydrogen Collection and Input: Recover hydrogen released from vehicle hydrogen cylinders during the inspection process.

[0045] The hydrogen cylinders to be inspected, having undergone preliminary pre-processing steps such as visual inspection and information verification, are connected to the hydrogen recovery and treatment system via a safe, reliable, and explosion-proof hydrogen recovery interface 100. The cylinder valve combination valve and the corresponding isolation valve on the recovery pipeline are opened sequentially, allowing residual hydrogen inside the cylinder to be released in an orderly manner under its own residual pressure or driven by an auxiliary suction device, and then flowing into the system's main recovery pipeline. The main recovery pipeline is equipped with a buffer pressure stabilizing tank, a flame arrester, a primary pipeline filter with a filtration accuracy of tens of micrometers, and pressure and temperature sensors to monitor the total pressure and temperature of the incoming gas. This mitigates pressure pulse fluctuations caused by the alternating connection of multiple cylinders, intercepts large particulate impurities, and prevents any accidental backfire from propagating to the cylinder side. The recovered hydrogen is then sent to the subsequent intelligent sensing unit 200.

[0046] S202. Online monitoring and analysis: Perform multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and generate detection datasets.

[0047] The recovered hydrogen flow passes through the intelligent sensing unit 200. Instead of simply using a single sensor to measure a single indicator, the intelligent sensing unit 200 synchronously and in parallel performs sensing operations across three dimensions, ultimately integrating them to generate a structured, multi-dimensional detection dataset: (1) Quantitative analysis of core impurities The impurity quantitative analysis module performs online, continuous, and high-precision quantitative concentration analysis of at least three pre-selected key impurities in the recovered hydrogen that have a significant impact on the performance and safety of vehicle fuel cells. For example, the three key impurities are moisture, oxygen, and total sulfur. Moisture determination can be performed using an online high-precision moisture analyzer based on tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy or cavity ring-down spectroscopy; oxygen determination uses a trace oxygen analyzer based on fuel cell or paramagnetic methods; and total sulfur determination uses a miniature online gas chromatograph integrating a sulfur chemiluminescence detector or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry detector to separate and quantitatively analyze various sulfur-containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, thiols, and thioethers. The output impurity concentration data forms the basis for the most direct and crucial compliance factors in subsequent determinations.

[0048] (2) Qualitative screening and early warning of non-target impurities An impurity qualitative early warning module enables rapid qualitative screening of the entire composition of recovered hydrogen through a broad-spectrum scanning approach, rather than being limited to the aforementioned key indicators. It is equipped with a rapid screening and analysis instrument, such as a time-of-flight mass spectrometer or ion mobility spectrometer, capable of broad-spectrum and highly sensitive response to trace chemical substances. It continuously and in real-time acquires the full-component mass spectrometric fingerprint or ion mobility spectrometric feature profile of the recovered gas flowing through its detection cell, and compares the real-time acquired spectra with a pre-stored standard library representing the background signal of clean, high-purity hydrogen. If an unknown peak or abnormal signal cluster with a statistically significant deviation from the standard library appears in the real-time spectrum, or if an abnormal drift time peak appears in the ion mobility spectrum, and its peak area or signal intensity exceeds a preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio greater than 3), an early warning data with an abnormality level and characteristic description is immediately output. The early warning data is categorized as follows: Level 1 warning indicates "an unknown weak peak has been detected, and continued monitoring is recommended"; Level 2 warning indicates "an unknown medium-intensity peak has been detected or a peak matching a known hazardous substance has been detected, and proactive isolation and disposal are recommended"; Level 3 warning indicates "an unknown high-intensity peak or multiple abnormal peak clusters have been detected, posing a significant safety hazard, and an emergency shutdown is recommended." This process identifies unexpected pollutants that are not on the routine testing list but may possess strong corrosive, catalytically toxic, or highly clogging properties, forming the core elements of subsequent risk factors.

[0049] (3) Synchronous acquisition of historical data of gas cylinders The system automatically acquires the unique identifier of each gas cylinder currently connected to the recycling interface and uses this identifier to query, retrieve, and download the cylinder's complete electronic file in real time. The electronic file includes the following key information: cylinder serial number, manufacturing date, nominal working pressure, water volume, and inner liner material grade; dates of each filling record, hydrogen refueling station number, filling volume, and the type of hydrogen source (e.g., high-purity hydrogen, by-product hydrogen); dates of each periodic inspection, inspection agency, inspection conclusions, and descriptions of any defects found; and records of any vehicle accidents, fires, major repairs, or other abnormal events. This information constitutes the cylinder's full lifecycle quality history, serving as a crucial basis for assessing the potential risk of internal gas contamination and forming a subsequent historical factor.

[0050] After the above three-dimensional sensing operations are completed, the impurity concentration data, early warning data, and gas cylinder historical data are packaged and integrated into a structured detection dataset and sent to the decision control unit 300.

[0051] It should be noted that qualitative screening for unknown or unusual impurities is performed using time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) or ion mobility spectrometry (IMP). Taking TOF-MS as an example, its working principle is as follows: the molecules of the recovered hydrogen sample are soft-ionized at extremely short intervals (e.g., several to tens of times per second). Then, by measuring the flight time of ions with different mass-to-charge ratios in a field-free drift tube, rapid acquisition of the full-component mass spectrometry information of the sample is achieved. The full-component mass spectrum of the recovered gas is acquired in real time, and through built-in pattern recognition software, it is compared with a pre-stored standard hydrogen mass spectrometry library consisting of high-purity hydrogen superimposed with commonly known impurities (such as nitrogen, oxygen, water, argon, etc.) using spectral subtraction and peak comparison. When an abnormal spectral peak that is not present in the standard hydrogen mass spectrometry library is detected at a certain mass-to-charge ratio and whose peak area or peak intensity exceeds a preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold (e.g., set to a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 3), a graded warning signal is output based on the peak area and signal-to-noise ratio, such as "trace abnormality", "moderate abnormality" or "high abnormality", along with characteristic information such as the mass-to-charge ratio and retention time of the abnormal peak, for subsequent use by the decision control unit 300.

[0052] S203, Hydrogen Quality Determination: Input the detection dataset into the comprehensive determination model, perform comprehensive evaluation, and generate diversion control commands.

[0053] The decision control unit 300, acting as the decision-making center of the entire system, receives and parses the detection dataset. Its internally mounted, pre-built, and repeatedly trained and validated comprehensive judgment model is activated. (See also...) Figure 3 The hydrogen quality assessment process is mainly divided into two stages: factor extraction and calculation, and comprehensive evaluation and decision-making.

[0054] (1) Extraction and calculation of multidimensional decision factors The model first extracts and quantifies the following three independent decision factors from the detection dataset: Compliance Factor: The quantitative concentration values ​​of key impurities such as moisture, oxygen, and total sulfur are precisely compared with the preset quality standards for automotive hydrogen. If the concentrations of all tested indicators are strictly below the corresponding limits specified in the standards, the compliance factor is assigned a value of 1; if any indicator exceeds the standard, it is assigned a value of 0. It should be noted that in more complex implementations, the compliance factor can be a graded value reflecting the degree of exceedance.

[0055] Risk Factor: This involves extracting the warning signal level value from the early warning data, for example, 0 represents no warning, 1 represents a level 1 warning, 2 represents a level 2 warning, and 3 represents a level 3 warning. Furthermore, it combines the intensity of abnormal peaks, possible impurity matching types, and known hazard data to calculate a comprehensive risk factor quantitative score. For example, a higher risk factor value indicates a greater likelihood of the presence of unknown potentially hazardous substances in the batch of recovered hydrogen, and a more unpredictable degree of hazard.

[0056] Historical Factor: Calculated based on acquired historical data from gas cylinders, using a pre-defined risk labeling scoring rule base. Each key piece of information in the file is reviewed and scored. For example, the rule base might state: "Previously filled with non-high-purity hydrogen (such as industrial by-product hydrogen) - add 15 points"; "Record of fire-related repairs - add 20 points"; "Abnormal defects found in the last inspection - add 10 points"; "Service life exceeding 10 years - add 5 points"; "Complete and normal historical data for the gas cylinder - subtract 5 points," etc. The scores are then summed to obtain the total historical factor score for the corresponding batch of gas cylinders. A higher total historical factor score indicates a higher prior probability of internal gas contamination based on the cylinder's past history.

[0057] It should be noted that the comprehensive judgment model can also include system status factors. System status factors are generated by real-time collection of online sensor data deployed at key locations in downstream processing modules, particularly standard purification modules and specialized processing modules. These factors reflect the real-time health and remaining processing capacity of the current purification unit. For example, data can be collected on the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the catalytic deoxygenation bed (a narrowing temperature difference indicates catalyst activity decay), the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the adsorption tower (an increasing pressure difference indicates blockage or pulverization of the adsorbent bed), or the ratio of the total amount of gas treated to the design life. Health assessment is based on parameters such as the degree to which the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the catalytic bed deviates from the design value, the rate of increase in the adsorption tower pressure difference, and the percentage of the cumulative total of adsorbed impurities approaching the theoretical saturation adsorption capacity. When the system status factor indicates that the purification capacity reserve has fallen below the preset warning line, the decision algorithm within the model will adjust its judgment threshold accordingly. This means increasing the percentage of hydrogen that is classified as pending confirmation even if its conventional indicators meet the standards, thereby proactively adopting a more cautious processing strategy to ensure that accidents do not occur due to processing loads exceeding capacity when the equipment is in a sub-healthy state. The system state factor is quantified as a value reflecting the reserve margin of purification capacity. When the purification capacity reserve is sufficient, the system state factor value is low; when the purification capacity is close to saturation or the performance is significantly degraded, the system state factor value increases significantly.

[0058] By incorporating system state factors into the evaluation, proactive defense is further strengthened. If the system state factors indicate that the current downstream purification unit's purification capacity reserve is severely insufficient—for example, if the deoxygenation catalyst is nearing the end of its design life and its activity has significantly declined—the model selectively increases the rate at which recovered hydrogen is classified as pending confirmation, even if the compliance factor indicates compliance and the risk factor and historical factor are both at normal levels. This is equivalent to proactively adopting a more conservative and stringent epidemic prevention strategy during special periods when the system's own immunity is weakened, maintaining high vigilance even for seemingly normal gases, to prevent trace amounts of impurities that can normally be easily handled by the purification unit from breaching the defenses when purification capacity is insufficient.

[0059] (2) Perform multi-dimensional weighted comprehensive evaluation and active defense determination After completing the quantitative calculation of all the above factors, the core comprehensive evaluation stage begins. The core logic of the evaluation is not a simple judgment, such as "pass if the qualifying factor is true, block if it is false"; the difference from simple judgment lies mainly in the proactive defensive judgment logic, which is used to accurately identify an extremely hidden and dangerous state, namely the state to be confirmed.

[0060] The "pending confirmation" status refers to a special, defensive judgment made when the compliance factor indicates that all routine quantitative testing indicators are within the standard limits, but the quantitative evaluation value of the risk factor or historical factor exceeds the corresponding risk threshold preset by the model. Under this logic, superficially qualified test data will be rejected. Instead, based on deeper information such as high risk factors or high historical factors, the batch of recovered hydrogen will be forcibly classified as "pending confirmation," indicating distrust and requiring further investigation and handling. This constructs a proactive immune defense line for downstream core purification assets and user vehicles. Even if an unknown harmful impurity happens to bypass routine testing indicators—for example, silane or phosphine gas, which is highly toxic to catalysts but not separately controlled in current automotive hydrogen standards—as long as it can be captured by the impurity qualitative warning module and reflected as a high risk factor, or if the cylinder's historical records indicate a significant suspicion of contamination at its source, it can be proactively marked and isolated, avoiding potentially serious consequences from misjudgment.

[0061] After comprehensive evaluation, the recovered hydrogen in the current batch is clearly categorized as: truly compliant, routinely exceeding standards, requiring special treatment upon confirmation, or urgently needing safe disposal due to hazardous conditions. Then, based on the categorization results, a set of highly reliable diversion control commands corresponding to specific processing paths is generated and output.

[0062] S204. Automatic Hydrogen Diversion and Processing: Based on the diversion control command, the recovered hydrogen is guided to one of two different processing paths for differentiated processing.

[0063] The diversion execution unit 400 includes a high-speed programmable shut-off valve, a diversion three-way valve, a check valve, and a flow regulating valve, as well as seamless stainless steel piping. Upon receiving a diversion control command from the decision control unit 300, it completes valve state switching within milliseconds, precisely and reliably guiding the recovered hydrogen to one of the differentiated processing paths. (1) First Path (Compliance Direct Path): When the evaluation result is truly compliant, the recovered hydrogen is guided to this path. The main valve on this path opens, allowing the hydrogen to bypass all subsequent purification or treatment modules and be directly transported to the inlet of the compliant hydrogen storage unit through a clean dedicated pipeline, or directly enter the priority refueling pipeline to supply the hydrogen refueling guns in the station for recharging the tested gas cylinders or providing fuel for fuel cell forklifts in the station. This path truly achieves zero waiting time, zero loss, and zero energy consumption for high-quality recovered hydrogen.

[0064] (2) Second Path (Non-Compliance Treatment Path): When the assessment result is a routine exceedance, pending confirmation requiring special treatment, or an emergency requiring safe disposal, the recovered hydrogen is guided to this path. This path connects to the non-compliance treatment unit 500 and is further subdivided into the following treatment sub-paths: Standard Purification Path: Activated when the evaluation result indicates that common impurities exceed the limit. This sub-path connects to the standard purification module in the non-compliant treatment unit 500, which is composed of purification units connected in series or parallel, such as high-efficiency oil removal filters, refrigerated dryers, adsorption dehydration towers, palladium catalyst deoxygenators, and deep drying towers. It is specifically designed to treat gases that only involve known impurities such as moisture, oxygen, and common hydrocarbons exceeding the limit.

[0065] Specialized Treatment Path: This path is activated when the assessment result indicates that specialized treatment is required, or when quantitative analysis shows the presence of specific types of contaminants that require specialized treatment. This sub-path connects to the specialized treatment module in the non-compliant treatment unit 500. Both the inlet and outlet of this sub-path are equipped with programmable isolation valves, including multiple parallel specialized adsorption devices that can be selectively switched or quickly replaced. Examples include zinc oxide or impregnated activated carbon desulfurization columns for sulfur-containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans; special activated carbon fiber or hydrophobic molecular sieve filters for mineral oil vapor and organosilicon vapor; and high-performance sintered metal deep filters for micron-sized particles and metal shavings. A crucial reflux detection branch is also designed: hydrogen treated by the specialized treatment module is not immediately sent to the next stage, but is resampled through the reflux detection branch and re-entered into the intelligent sensing unit 200 for comprehensive detection, where it is again comprehensively evaluated by the decision control unit 300. Based on the results of the secondary evaluation, the decision control unit 300 makes further decisions: if the condition has truly met the standards, it is allowed to flow back into the first path; if the condition has improved but still exceeds the standards, it is allowed to flow back and undergo standard purification; if the treatment is ineffective or even worsens, it will be subject to final safe disposal. This closed-loop design for backflow detection ensures the effectiveness of the special treatment and maximizes resource utilization.

[0066] Safe Disposal Path: This path is activated when the assessment indicates a critical situation requiring immediate safe disposal, i.e., when irreversible, highly toxic, corrosive, or severely clogging contaminants are detected or determined by comprehensive assessment. This subpath connects to the safe disposal module in the non-compliant treatment unit 500, serving as the last and insurmountable line of defense for system safety. Its inlet first connects to a buffer mixing tank with sufficient volume. Within this tank, the contaminated hydrogen deemed critical is forcibly mixed and diluted with a large quantity of high-purity nitrogen from a high-pressure nitrogen source using a pre-set dilution ratio far below the lower explosive limit and occupational exposure limit of the gas. The diluted, low-concentration contaminated gas mixture is then slowly and controlledly directed to a destruction device, such as a catalytic burner or a small regenerative oxidizer. On a monolithic precious metal catalyst bed, all toxic and harmful organic matter is completely mineralized into carbon dioxide and water vapor, and hydrogen is safely converted into water. Only after the treated gas components are confirmed by online monitoring to meet national and local emission standards can they be released into the atmosphere through an independent elevated emission outlet that complies with safety regulations. Once this sub-path is activated, the decision control unit 300 will simultaneously trigger the audible and visual alarm devices within the station, prominently displaying alarm details on the human-machine interface in the control room. It will also automatically lock the historical data of the relevant contaminated gas cylinders and mark them with hazardous material handling tags to prevent misoperation. Furthermore, it will automatically initiate an automatic inert gas high-pressure purging and cleaning procedure for all relevant upstream pipelines from the diversion execution unit 400 to the safety handling module to eliminate the risk of residual contamination.

[0067] It should be noted that the specialized treatment path is equipped with dedicated adsorption devices that can be selectively switched. These dedicated adsorption devices specifically include at least one of the following: impregnated activated carbon desulfurization columns for sulfides, activated carbon fiber filters for oil vapors, and sintered metal filters for particulate matter. These adsorption devices are connected via parallel pipelines and programmable valves, and the decision control unit 300 can automatically select and activate the appropriate adsorption column based on the specific type of pollution detected. The specialized treatment path also has a reflux detection branch. Hydrogen gas that has undergone specialized treatment is guided back to the sampling port of the intelligent sensing unit 200 through this branch for a complete round of multi-dimensional detection and comprehensive judgment. Based on the new judgment result obtained from this re-execution, the decision control unit 300 makes a three-level decision: if the new result is truly compliant, the hydrogen gas is directed to the first path; if the new result is a normal exceedance, it is directed to the standard purification module; if the new result is still pending confirmation or has worsened to a critical level, it is directed to directly transfer the hydrogen gas to the safe disposal path for final safe disposal. This closed-loop mechanism ensures that precious hydrogen resources can be recycled and utilized to the maximum extent under the most stringent safety constraints.

[0068] It should be noted that guiding the recovered hydrogen to the safe disposal path also includes a complete set of safety interlock actions. This can immediately trigger an emergency system alarm, including displaying a flashing red alarm window on the monitoring screen, activating the on-site audible and visual alarms, and sending emergency alarm messages to management personnel's mobile phones. Simultaneously, it automatically initiates an automatic inert gas high-pressure purging and cleaning program for all relevant pipelines from the diversion execution unit 400 to the module inlet. This involves automatically opening the preset nitrogen purging interface valves on the relevant pipelines, introducing high-pressure, high-purity nitrogen for pulsed purging. The purging gas is also collected and discharged into a buffer mixing tank for dilution and disposal, ensuring that no highly hazardous contaminants remain in the entire pipeline system, thus preparing for the next batch of processing.

[0069] S205. Final disposal of hydrogen: Final disposal of hydrogen after it has been processed through each processing pathway.

[0070] For hydrogen or its final products that have been processed through the above-mentioned different processing paths, perform the corresponding end-of-life disposal operations.

[0071] Hydrogen that meets the quality standards for automotive hydrogen after being directly output through the first path or after being processed through the standard purification path or special treatment path is pressurized by a compressor and stored in a qualified hydrogen storage unit, for example, in one or more sets of parallel high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders, for subsequent refilling or external transportation.

[0072] Exhaust gases that have been safely disposed of through the designated safe disposal route and have been confirmed to be harmless by testing are safely discharged into the atmosphere through a compliant elevated emission system.

[0073] For small amounts of solid hazardous waste such as expired adsorbents and waste filter cartridges generated during the special treatment process, they will be collected, temporarily stored, and entrusted to qualified units for harmless disposal in accordance with the established hazardous waste management procedures of the inspection station.

[0074] S206. Self-learning and optimization: Continuously collect data and perform regular automatic analysis to achieve self-learning of processing strategies and iterative optimization of models.

[0075] (1) Long-term continuous data collection The system automatically compiles a complete data record for each processing batch, including the full detection dataset, the specific scores of each model factor, the final conclusion of the comprehensive evaluation, the selected processing path, and the feedback data of the processing results for that path. For example, it timestamps and stores data such as whether the special treatment was successful, the comparison of impurity concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the standard purification module, and the temperature rise data of the catalytic deoxygenation bed.

[0076] (2) Regular automatic analysis During system idle periods, such as early morning each day or weekly maintenance days, the system automatically performs batch analysis and statistical mining on massive amounts of historical data. The analysis includes at least: calculating the accuracy and recall of various judgments made by the comprehensive judgment model, especially for pending and critical judgments; analyzing the frequency of different types of pending events and their correlation with specific impurity warning modes and specific gas cylinder sources; and calculating the decay rate curves of catalytic deoxidizer activity and molecular sieve adsorption capacity by analyzing the changing trend of impurity concentration differences at the inlet and outlet of the standard purification module over time.

[0077] (3) Autonomous optimization of model weight parameters Based on the above analysis, the built-in machine learning algorithm (such as reinforcement learning or Bayesian optimization algorithm) is invoked to autonomously iteratively adjust and optimize the key decision parameters in the comprehensive judgment model, especially the weight coefficients of specific rules for risk factors and historical factors. For example, if historical data shows that the probability of a certain pattern of abnormal mass spectrometry peaks being ultimately confirmed as harmless interference peaks is as high as 99%, the risk weight corresponding to that pattern will be automatically lowered; conversely, if gas cylinders from a specific hydrogen refueling station repeatedly experience special treatment events, the historical risk weight of that source label will be automatically increased.

[0078] (4) Generate a report on optimization suggestions for processing strategies The system automatically generates a health status and decision model optimization report according to a preset cycle (e.g., weekly, monthly). The report includes: the total number of gas cylinders processed this period and their quality distribution map, the utilization rate of each path, the purification performance degradation trend map and the predicted remaining lifespan, details of model weight optimization, and operation and maintenance recommendations based on data analysis. For example, it may recommend focusing on gas cylinders from a certain hydrogen refueling station in the near future, or recommending that the deoxygenation catalyst be replaced next month.

[0079] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. Solving the problem of intelligent decision-making under uncertain operating conditions Designed specifically to address the long-tail pain point of unpredictable hydrogen composition in inspection stations, the decision control unit 300 does not simply perform preset fixed threshold comparisons. Instead, it integrates multi-source data such as real-time detection data, risk warning signals, gas cylinder historical records, and equipment health status to make intelligent decisions that balance safety, economic costs, and resource utilization efficiency, achieving intelligent control and diversion decisions throughout the entire process.

[0080] 2. Achieve a security leap from passive response to proactive defense. By introducing qualitative early warning for non-target impurities and tracing the historical records of gas cylinders, a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation mechanism is constructed, which can effectively identify potential hazardous gas sources and carry out proactive isolation and special treatment. This fundamentally solves the problems of expensive equipment damage such as catalyst poisoning and adsorbent failure caused by the inability to predict the characteristics of impurities in traditional solutions, and significantly improves the overall safety and reliability of the system.

[0081] 3. Possesses continuous evolution capabilities, enabling self-learning and optimization of processing strategies. Through feedback self-checking and model iteration, the hydrogen recovery and processing system acquires learning and evolution capabilities. It can accumulate experience from each processing task, automatically adapt to the characteristics of gas cylinder sources and impurity profiles of specific inspection stations, making the processing strategy more and more accurate with use, gradually reducing the misjudgment rate and unnecessary special processing consumption, realizing the evolution from automation to intelligence, and significantly reducing long-term operation and maintenance costs.

[0082] 4. Balancing the rigid constraints of maximizing resource utilization with compliant disposal The sophisticated multi-branch diversion design ensures that high-quality recovered hydrogen can be identified and utilized immediately, minimizing secondary waste of energy and resources. Meanwhile, for gases deemed substandard or even hazardous, a strict closed-loop disposal path is established, from specialized treatment and recycling to safe disposal, achieving optimal tiered utilization of hydrogen resources while meeting environmental and safety compliance requirements.

[0083] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hydrogen recovery and treatment applicable to vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, characterized in that, include: Recover hydrogen released during the inspection and testing of vehicle hydrogen cylinders; The recovered hydrogen is subjected to multi-dimensional testing to generate a hydrogen testing dataset. The multi-dimensional testing includes: quantitative analysis of three key impurities, namely moisture, oxygen and total sulfur, to obtain impurity concentration data; qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities that exceed the predetermined conventional testing indicators, and generating early warning data when screening is abnormal; and obtaining the cylinder history data of the current vehicle hydrogen cylinder, which includes historical filling records, maintenance records and accident records. The hydrogen detection dataset is input into a comprehensive judgment model, which includes a compliance factor, a risk factor, and a historical factor. The compliance factor is extracted from the impurity concentration data, the risk factor is extracted from the early warning data, and the historical factor is extracted from the historical data of the gas cylinder. The quality status and potential risks of the hydrogen are comprehensively evaluated, and corresponding diversion control commands are generated. According to the diversion control command, the hydrogen is guided to the classification and processing path, which includes a first path and a second path. The first path is used to directly store or output qualified hydrogen, and the second path is used to purify or safely dispose of non-qualified hydrogen. The hydrogen gas processed through the first or second path is stored, discharged, or disposed of safely.

2. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, A comprehensive assessment of the quality status and potential risks of the hydrogen gas also includes: Based on the current health status and remaining processing capacity of the downstream purification units, a system status factor is generated. When the system state factor indicates insufficient purification capacity, even if the compliance factor indicates compliance, the comprehensive judgment model increases the rate at which the hydrogen is judged as being in a state pending confirmation.

3. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The qualitative screening of the unknown or abnormal impurities is performed by a time-of-flight mass spectrometer or an ion mobility spectrometer. The full-component spectrum of the recovered gas is acquired in real time and compared with a pre-stored clean hydrogen mass spectrometry library. When an abnormal peak is detected, graded early warning data is output based on the comparison result of the peak area and the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.

4. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second path includes: A standard purification path is used to process recovered hydrogen that has been determined to have excessive levels of common impurities. The special treatment path is used to treat recovered hydrogen that has been determined to be in a state of pending confirmation or has a special type of pollution. It is equipped with a special adsorption device that can be selectively switched and has a reflux detection branch, so that the hydrogen after special treatment can be resampled and tested and returned to the standard purification path or transferred to the next level of treatment according to the test results. The safety disposal path is used to handle hydrogen gas in a critical state that is determined to contain irreversible contaminants. It is equipped with a dilution device and a disposal device. When the recovered hydrogen gas is guided to the safety disposal path, an emergency alarm is triggered and the upstream pipeline is purged with inert gas.

5. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the compliance factor indicates that the impurity concentration meets the standard, but the evaluation value of the risk factor or the historical factor exceeds the preset threshold, the recovered hydrogen is determined to be in a pending confirmation state, and a diversion control command is generated to guide the recovered hydrogen to a special processing path.

6. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specialized processing path also includes a reflux detection branch, which allows the hydrogen gas after specialized processing to be re-detected.

7. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps for storing, discharging, or safely disposing of hydrogen after processing via the first or second path include: Hydrogen directly output through the first path or hydrogen that meets the quality standards for automotive use after being processed through the second path is stored for recharging or external supply. Gases that have undergone safe treatment are safely released into the atmosphere after monitoring confirms that they meet emission standards. Solid hazardous waste generated during the special treatment process shall be collected and disposed of in accordance with the hazardous waste management regulations.

8. The hydrogen recovery and treatment method for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Following the steps of storing, discharging, or safely disposing of the hydrogen processed via the first or second path, the following steps are included: Collect corresponding data between different comprehensive evaluation results and actual treatment effects; The accuracy of the comprehensive judgment model and the performance degradation trend of the purification unit were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the calculation weights of risk factors and historical factors in the comprehensive judgment model are automatically optimized, and a report on optimization suggestions for processing strategies is generated.

9. A hydrogen recovery and processing system suitable for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations, characterized in that, The method for hydrogen recovery and treatment applicable to vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes: The hydrogen recovery interface is used to connect to the vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection station to recover the hydrogen released during the inspection process. The intelligent sensing unit, connected to the hydrogen recovery interface, includes an impurity quantitative analysis module, an impurity qualitative early warning module, and a cylinder history information module. The impurity quantitative analysis module is used to perform online quantitative analysis of at least moisture, oxygen, and total sulfur. The impurity qualitative early warning module is used to perform qualitative screening of unknown or abnormal impurities and generate early warning data. The cylinder history information module is used to acquire the cylinder history data of the current vehicle hydrogen cylinder. The decision control unit is connected to the intelligent sensing unit and has the integrated judgment model built in, which is used to generate the diversion control command; The diversion execution unit, connected to the decision control unit, is used to guide the recovered hydrogen to the corresponding processing path according to the diversion control command.

10. The hydrogen recovery and processing system for vehicle hydrogen cylinder inspection stations according to claim 9, characterized in that, The system also includes a non-compliance processing unit, which includes: Standard purification module, including dehydration and deoxygenation device; Specialized treatment modules include dedicated adsorption columns or filters for removing specific pollutants, and are equipped with reflux detection branches; The safety handling module includes a buffer mixing tank, an inert gas dilution interface, and a disposal device.

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