An apparatus for processing shellfish to automatically grade, dehull and separate the meat of the shellfish

Abstract

The application discloses a shellfish processing device for automatically grading, shelling and separating shellfish meat, which comprises a rack, a grading mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a driving mechanism and an electric control system. The grading mechanism is detachably installed on the top of the rack and is used for grading the shellfish according to the size and fumigating the shellfish with high-temperature steam during the grading process. The shelling mechanism is installed in the rack and is used for shelling the graded shellfish to realize the separation of the shell and the meat through a rotating-swinging compound motion. The driving mechanism is used for driving the shelling mechanism to realize the rotating-swinging compound motion. The electric control system is used for controlling the grading mechanism, the driving mechanism and the shelling mechanism. The above mechanical system can realize the automatic grading and shelling of the shellfish without additional operations and instruments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shellfish processing technology, specifically relating to an automatic grading, shelling and separation device for shellfish meat. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing shellfish processing equipment relies on manual labor or simple machinery, making it difficult to achieve both grading accuracy and efficiency with material protection; the shelling process results in a high rate of meat breakage and low separation purity; automated production lines are mostly composed of independent equipment connected in series, which occupies a large area, consumes a lot of energy, and poses a high risk of secondary pollution; the key motion mechanisms are not precisely controlled and have large reversing impacts, affecting the screening effect.

[0003] While some automated equipment has improved processing speed, there is still a balance problem in the grading and deshelling processes, and the overall integration is low, making it difficult to achieve efficient, low-loss, and flexible continuous production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automatic grading, shelling and separation device for shellfish meat, which can realize automatic grading and shelling of shellfish.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides an automatic grading, shelling and separation shellfish meat processing device, which includes a frame, a grading mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a drive mechanism and an electronic control system; The grading mechanism is detachably installed on the top of the frame and is used to grade shellfish according to size, and to fumigate the shellfish with high-temperature steam during the grading process. The shell-removing mechanism is installed inside the frame and is used to remove the shells from graded shellfish and separate the shells from the meat through a combined rotation-swing motion. The driving mechanism is used to drive the shell-removing mechanism to achieve a combined rotational-oscillating motion; The electronic control system is used to control the grading mechanism and the drive mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the shelling mechanism includes a swing frame and a composite motion screening cylinder; The swing frame is mounted on the frame and can swing about a horizontal axis; The composite motion screening cylinder is rotatably mounted inside the swing frame around its own central axis; the central axis of the composite motion screening cylinder intersects perpendicularly with the horizontal axis of the swing frame; and both ends of the composite motion screening cylinder are provided with electrically operated opening and closing doors for feeding and discharging materials. The driving mechanism is used to simultaneously drive the swing frame to swing and the composite motion screening cylinder to rotate; The electronic control system is used to control the grading mechanism, the driving mechanism, and the shelling mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a worm gear, a worm wheel, a worm wheel shaft, a residual gear, a residual rack, a rocker arm, a telescopic shaft, and a universal joint coupling; The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the frame and signal-connected to the electrical control system, used to drive the worm gear to rotate; the worm gear is coaxially arranged with the composite motion screening cylinder; the worm wheel meshes with the worm gear; the worm wheel and the residual gear are coaxially fixedly mounted on the worm wheel shaft; the worm wheel shaft is parallel to the horizontal axis of the swing frame and is rotatably mounted on the frame; the residual rack is movably mounted on the frame in the vertical direction; the residual gear meshes with the residual rack, used to convert the rotation of the residual gear into the reciprocating movement of the residual rack in the vertical direction; one end of the rocker arm is hinged to the residual rack, and the other end is rotatably connected to the end of the swing frame facing the residual rack, thereby driving the swing frame to swing up and down around the horizontal axis through the residual rack; the other end of the worm gear is connected to the central axis of the composite motion screening cylinder through the telescopic shaft and the universal joint couplings at both ends of the telescopic shaft, used to make the composite motion screening cylinder and the worm gear rotate synchronously.

[0009] Furthermore, the grading mechanism includes a housing, at least one layer of directional rollers, a receiving tray, a discharging tray, and a receiving funnel; The outer casing is fixedly installed on the top of the frame; Each layer of variable-direction rollers has several rollers arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction. The rollers of each layer of variable-direction rollers are divided into odd-numbered rollers and even-numbered rollers. When the odd-numbered rollers and even-numbered rollers rotate in the same direction, they are used to transport shellfish on the rollers. When the odd-numbered rollers and even-numbered rollers rotate in opposite directions, they are used to sort shellfish on the rollers. When two or more layers of variable-direction rollers are provided, the variable-direction rollers are distributed vertically at intervals, and the roller shaft gap of each layer of variable-direction rollers gradually decreases from top to bottom, thereby realizing shellfish grading. The receiving tray can be oscillatingly mounted on the inner bottom of the housing and located below the lowest directional roller; Each layer of directional rollers has an inclined discharge tray at its rear end; The receiving funnel is fixedly installed at the rear end of the frame, and its bottom end is provided with an outlet opposite to the electric opening and closing door at the rear end of the composite motion screening cylinder. It is used to transfer the shellfish received from each discharge tray and the receiving tray into the composite motion screening cylinder through the electric opening and closing door.

[0010] Furthermore, the grading mechanism also includes odd-numbered roller shaft drive motors, even-numbered roller shaft drive motors, and receiving tray drive motors that are connected to the electronic control system via signals. At least one layer of directional rollers consists of two layers of directional rollers, namely an upper directional roller and a lower directional roller; The odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor is fixedly installed on the housing and is used to drive the odd-numbered roller shafts in the upper variable-direction roller and the lower variable-direction roller to rotate synchronously. The even-numbered roller shaft drive motor is fixedly installed on the housing and is used to drive the even-numbered roller shafts in the upper variable direction roller and the lower variable direction roller to rotate synchronously. The receiving tray drive motor is fixedly installed on the frame and is connected to the receiving tray for driving the receiving tray to swing.

[0011] Furthermore, the odd-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller are driven together to rotate synchronously; the even-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller are driven together to rotate synchronously; the odd-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller are driven together to rotate synchronously; the even-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller are driven together to rotate synchronously. The odd-numbered roller drive motor is used to drive the first roller shaft of the upper variable direction roller to rotate, and the first roller shaft of the upper variable direction roller is connected to the first roller shaft of the lower variable direction roller. The even-numbered roller drive motor is used to drive the last roller shaft of the lower variable direction roller to rotate, and the last roller shaft of the lower variable direction roller is connected to the last roller shaft of the upper variable direction roller in a transmission connection. Both the upper and lower variable-direction rollers are provided with an even number of roller shafts.

[0012] Furthermore, the odd-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller, the even-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller, the odd-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller, and the even-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller are respectively connected by linkages. The upper variable-direction roller and the first roller shaft of the lower variable-direction roller, as well as the lower variable-direction roller and the last roller shaft of the upper variable-direction roller, are all connected by belt drives.

[0013] Furthermore, the grading mechanism also includes a camshaft, a cam, and a connecting rod; The camshaft is rotatably mounted on the housing; the cam is fixedly mounted on the camshaft; One end of the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the receiving tray, and the other end is hinged to the cam; The output shaft of the receiving tray drive motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the camshaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrically operated door uses a solenoid valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the electronic control system employs a programmable logic controller.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. High degree of functional integration: The shellfish processing device of the present invention combines the traditional shellfish grading and shelling devices into one, integrating functions. At the same time, the transmission logic is simplified by using a variable-direction roller, realizing the integration of shellfish grading and conveying functions into the grading mechanism, which helps to simplify the transmission structure and save costs.

[0017] 2. Combining rotational and oscillating composite motions to improve shelling efficiency: The shellfish processing device of this invention combines the two mainstream mechanical methods of traditional screening and shelling devices, namely rotational centrifugal screening and oscillating screening, through universal joint coupling, telescopic shaft and worm gear transmission mechanism, which is conducive to improving shelling efficiency.

[0018] 3. Separable and Collaborative Operation: This invention mounts the grading mechanism on top of the shelling mechanism, reducing intermediate transportation processes and saving resources. It can also be disassembled into two parts to adapt to different working and maintenance environments, further saving transportation resources.

[0019] 4. Single power source and long-distance power synchronization design: The shellfish processing device of this invention is an improvement on the multi-power source design and separate power source design of the traditional grading mechanism. It achieves the purpose of one motor driving multiple rollers to rotate and the power synchronization of multiple rollers through a train wheel-like linkage rod and belt drive. This simplifies the electrical control module, saves resources and avoids the problem of power asynchrony caused by excessive distance.

[0020] 5. Good system scalability: The grading and shelling mechanisms support modular expansion. The number and speed of the rollers can be changed and expanded to adapt to shelling of different shellfish, which facilitates function customization and cluster application.

[0021] 6. High system precision: Compared with traditional crank rocker and cylinder mechanisms, this system introduces residual gear, residual rack and worm gear transmission mechanism to replace them, which is conducive to achieving smooth reversal at the end of the swing and improving the system precision and structural compactness. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of one side of the shellfish processing device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the other side of the shellfish processing device; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shell-removing mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical mechanism.

[0023] Figure label: 1-Frame; 2-Grading mechanism; 3-Shelling mechanism; 4-Drive mechanism; 5-Electrical control system; 101-Receiving funnel; 201-Cuboid frame; 202-Upper variable-direction roller; 203-Lower variable-direction roller; 204-Receiving tray; 205-Discharge tray; 206-Support; 207-Roller shaft; 208-Odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor; 209-Even-numbered roller shaft drive motor; 210-Receiving tray drive motor; 211-Connector 212-Belt; 213-Camshaft; 214-Cam; 215-Connecting rod; 301-Swing frame; 302-Compound motion screening cylinder; 303-Horizontal shaft; 304-Central shaft; 305-Electric opening and closing door; 401-Drive motor; 402-Worm gear; 403-Worm wheel; 404-Worm wheel shaft; 405-Residual gear; 406-Residual rack; 407-Pry bar; 408-Telescopic shaft; 409-Universal joint coupling. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides an automatic grading, shelling, and separation device for shellfish meat, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the structure, the shellfish processing device includes a frame 1, a grading mechanism 2, a shelling mechanism 3, a drive mechanism 4, and an electronic control system 5; a decorative panel may be provided on the outer side of the frame 1; casters are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the frame 1 for easy movement. In this embodiment, using... Figure 1 The side where the drive motor 401 is located is defined as the front end or front side, and the side away from the drive motor 401 is defined as the rear end or side.

[0026] The grading mechanism 2 is detachably mounted on the top of the frame 1, allowing for separate use. The grading mechanism 2 is used to grade shellfish according to size, and high-temperature steam is used to fumigate the shellfish during the grading process. The shell-removing mechanism 3 is installed inside the frame 1 and is used to remove the shells from the graded shellfish through a combined rotational-oscillating motion, achieving shell-meat separation. The drive mechanism 4 drives the shell-removing mechanism 3 to achieve the combined rotational-oscillating motion, thus achieving shell-meat separation through the combined rotational and oscillating motion of the shell-removing mechanism 3. The electrical control system 5 controls the grading mechanism 2, the drive mechanism 4, and the shell-removing mechanism 3. Controlling the grading mechanism 2 completes the size grading of shellfish, controlling the drive mechanism 4 controls the movement of the shell-removing mechanism 3, and controlling the feeding and discharging of shellfish before and after shell-removal.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shelling mechanism 3 includes a swing frame 301 and a composite motion screening cylinder 302; wherein: the swing frame 301 is oscillatingly mounted on the frame 1 around a horizontal axis 303, the horizontal axis 303 being a rotating shaft arranged in the horizontal direction, the swing frame 301 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 via the horizontal axis 303, so that the swing frame 301 can swing back and forth around the horizontal axis 303, thereby realizing the vibration of the composite motion screening cylinder 302, the swing frame 301 can be a rectangular frame. The end of the horizontal axis 303 can be rotatably mounted on the frame 1 via a K-series turnbuckle bearing. The composite motion screening cylinder 302 is rotatably mounted within the swing frame 301 around its central axis 304, which is also a horizontally oriented rotating shaft. The central axis 304 of the composite motion screening cylinder 302 intersects perpendicularly with the horizontal axis 303 of the swing frame 301. Both ends of the composite motion screening cylinder 302 are equipped with electrically operated opening and closing doors 305 for feeding and discharging materials. The electrically operated opening and closing door 305 at the rear end of the composite motion screening cylinder 302 is used for feeding, and the electrically operated opening and closing door 305 at the front end is used for discharging. The drive mechanism 4 drives the composite motion screening cylinder 302 to rotate while simultaneously driving the swing frame 301 to swing back and forth, thereby achieving a composite motion of swinging and rotation of the composite motion screening cylinder 302. The opening and closing of the electrically operated opening and closing doors 305 is controlled by an electrical control system 5. The electrically operated opening and closing doors 305 can be implemented using solenoid valves. The electrical control system 5 uses a programmable logic controller (PLC). The electrical control system 5 can be fixedly mounted on the frame 1.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the drive mechanism 4 includes a drive motor 401, a worm gear 402, a worm wheel 403, a worm wheel shaft 404, a residual gear 405, a residual rack 406, a rocker arm 407, a telescopic shaft 408, and a universal joint coupling 409. A drive motor 401 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 and connected to the electrical control system 5 for driving the worm gear 402 to rotate. The worm gear 402 is coaxially arranged with the composite motion screening cylinder 302. A worm wheel 403 meshes with the worm gear 402. The worm wheel 403 and the residual gear 405 are coaxially fixedly mounted on the worm wheel shaft 404. The worm wheel shaft 404 is parallel to the horizontal axis 303 of the swing frame 301 and is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Both ends of the worm wheel shaft 404 are mounted on bearing seats through bearings, and the bearing seats are fixedly mounted on the frame 1, so that the worm wheel shaft 404 can be rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The residual rack 406 is mounted on the frame 1 and can move vertically. In order to limit the movement of the residual rack 406 in the vertical direction, a guide rail or limiter is provided on the frame 1 to guide the residual rack 406, so that the residual rack 406 can only move back and forth in the vertical direction. The residual gear 405 meshes with the residual rack 406, converting the rotation of the residual gear 405 into the reciprocating movement of the residual rack 406 in the vertical direction. One end of the rocker arm 407 is hinged to the residual rack 406, and the other end is rotatably connected to the end of the swing frame 301 facing the residual rack 406, thereby driving the swing frame 301 to swing up and down around the horizontal axis 303 via the residual rack 406. A sliding groove can be provided on the swing frame 301 to connect with the pin at the end of the rocker arm 407. The other end of the worm gear 402 is connected to the central shaft 304 of the composite motion screening cylinder 302 via a telescopic shaft 408 and universal joint couplings 409 at both ends of the telescopic shaft 408, so that the composite motion screening cylinder 302 and the worm gear 402 rotate synchronously. The telescopic shaft 408 consists of telescopic rods I and II, which are capable of relative extension and retraction. One end of telescopic rod I is connected to the other end of worm gear 402 via a universal joint coupling 409, and the other end of telescopic rod I is connected to one end of telescopic rod II via a pin. The other end of telescopic rod II is fixedly connected to the central shaft 304 of the composite motion screening cylinder 302 via a universal joint coupling 409. One end of worm gear 402 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of drive motor 401 via a coupling.

[0029] When the drive mechanism 4 is working, the drive motor 401, under the control of the electronic control system 5, transmits torque to the worm gear 402. The worm gear 402 transmits torque in two directions. Part of the torque is transmitted to the worm wheel 403, which then transmits the torque through the worm wheel shaft 404 to the residual gear 405. Through the meshing of the residual gear 405 and the residual rack 406, one side of the residual rack 406 is first engaged, causing it to move upward, and then the other side of the residual rack 406 is engaged, causing it to move downward, thereby achieving the reciprocating motion of the residual rack 406. The reciprocating motion of the residual rack 406 is transmitted to the short end of the rocker arm 407, which uses the frame 1 as a fulcrum to pry the long end of the rocker arm 407. The long end of the rocker arm 407 drives the swing frame 301 to swing back and forth. The other part of the torque is transmitted through the universal joint coupling 409, the telescopic shaft 408, and the universal joint coupling 409 to the central shaft 304 of the composite motion screening cylinder 302, causing it to rotate. The aforementioned drive mechanism 4 is controlled by the electronic control system 5, which enables the shell-removing mechanism 3 to swing while rotating, thereby making the separation of shell and meat of shellfish more complete and reducing the loss rate during the shell-removing process.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the grading mechanism 2 includes a housing, at least one layer of variable-direction rollers, a receiving tray 204, a discharging tray 205, and a receiving funnel 101. The housing is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. The housing can be composed of a cuboid frame 201 and a baffle fixedly installed on the outside of the cuboid frame 201. Similarly, a decorative plate forming a baffle can also be fixedly installed on the outside of the frame 1. In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, only the frame 1 and the frame are shown to facilitate the demonstration of the internal structure; the baffle is omitted in the drawings. The cuboid frame can be detachably connected to the frame 1. The grading mechanism 2 can be provided with one layer of variable-direction rollers, or two or more layers of variable-direction rollers. The number of layers is determined by the actual number of grades required. In this embodiment, two layers of variable-direction rollers are used as an example.

[0031] Each layer of reversible rollers has several roller shafts 207 arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction. The roller shafts 207 of each layer of reversible rollers are divided into odd-numbered roller shafts and even-numbered roller shafts, such as... Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, each layer of variable-direction rollers has eight roller shafts 207 arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the horizontal direction, from... Figure 5 Facing right from left, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th rollers 207 in each layer of the variable-direction rollers form an odd-numbered roller group, while the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th rollers 207 in each layer form an even-numbered roller group. This pattern continues when each layer of the variable-direction rollers has other numbers of rollers 207. When the odd-numbered and even-numbered rollers rotate in the same direction, all rollers 207 have the same direction of rotation, such as... Figure 5When each roller 207 rotates clockwise, it can transport the shellfish on the roller 207 from the left to the right, thereby realizing the graded transport of shellfish on the roller 207; when the odd-numbered rollers rotate in opposite directions to the even-numbered rollers, the adjacent rollers 207 have different rotation directions. At this time, shellfish smaller than the gap between the rollers 207 can fall to the lower side through the gap between the adjacent rollers 207, thereby realizing the sorting of shellfish on the roller 207; when only one layer of variable-direction rollers is set, two-level sorting can be achieved, that is, two levels of shellfish, one larger than the set size and the other smaller than the set size, can be obtained through sorting; when two layers of variable-direction rollers are set, three-level sorting can be achieved, obtaining three levels of shellfish.

[0032] When two or more layers of variable-direction rollers are provided, the variable-direction rollers are distributed vertically at intervals, and the gap between the roller shafts 207 of each layer of variable-direction rollers gradually decreases from top to bottom, thereby achieving shellfish grading.

[0033] The receiving tray 204 is oscillatingly mounted on the inner bottom of the outer casing, located below the lowest directional roller 203. The receiving tray 204 is used to collect shellfish falling from the gap between the roller shafts 207 of the lowest directional roller. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the front end of the receiving tray 204 is installed inside the outer shell via a rotating shaft, allowing the rear end of the receiving tray 204 to rotate around the rotating shaft and swing. The receiving tray 204 is provided with multiple through holes, and a steam nozzle can be installed at the bottom of the through holes. The steam nozzle is connected to a steam source through a pipeline, and steam is provided through the steam nozzle to fumigate the shellfish on the upper side to facilitate the separation of shell and meat.

[0034] An inclined discharge plate 205 is provided at the rear end of each layer of variable-direction rollers. The discharge plate 205 gradually tilts downward from the roller shaft 207 toward the side away from the roller shaft 207. Under the action of gravity, the discharge plate 205 discharges the shellfish after grading by each layer of variable-direction rollers, so that the graded shellfish enter the shelling mechanism 3 for shelling.

[0035] The receiving funnel 101 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the frame 1. The receiving funnel 101 has a funnel-shaped structure. The upper part of the receiving funnel 101 is the outlet side of the discharge plate 205 and the receiving plate 204. The bottom end of the receiving funnel 101 is provided with an outlet opposite to the electric opening and closing door 305 at the rear end of the composite motion screening cylinder 302. It is used to transfer the shellfish received from each discharge plate 205 and the receiving plate 204 into the composite motion screening cylinder 302 through the electric opening and closing door 305.

[0036] In order to achieve the rotation of roller 207, such as Figure 5As shown, the grading mechanism 2 also includes an odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor 208, an even-numbered roller shaft drive motor 209, and a receiving tray drive motor 210, all connected to the electronic control system 5. The odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor 208 drives the rotation of the odd-numbered roller shafts; the even-numbered roller shaft drive motor 209 drives the rotation of the even-numbered roller shafts; and the receiving tray drive motor 210 drives the oscillation of the receiving tray 204. In this embodiment, a two-layer variable-direction roller configuration is used as an example. The two layers of variable-direction rollers are an upper variable-direction roller 202 located on the upper layer and a lower variable-direction roller 203 located on the lower layer. The odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor 208 is fixedly installed in the housing and drives the odd-numbered roller shafts in the upper variable-direction roller 202 and the lower variable-direction roller 203 to rotate synchronously. The even-numbered roller shaft drive motor 209 is fixedly installed in the housing and drives the even-numbered roller shafts in the upper variable-direction roller 202 and the lower variable-direction roller 203 to rotate synchronously. The receiving tray drive motor 210 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 and is connected to the receiving tray 204 for driving the receiving tray 204 to swing.

[0037] To achieve synchronous rotation of the odd-numbered roller shafts, the odd-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller 202 are connected by a transmission link 211 to achieve synchronous rotation; the even-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller 202 are connected by a transmission link 211 to achieve synchronous rotation; similarly, the odd-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller 203 are connected by a transmission link 211 to achieve synchronous rotation. The even-numbered roller shafts in the lower variable-direction roller 203 are connected by a transmission rod 211 to achieve synchronous rotation. The even-numbered roller shafts in the lower variable-direction roller 203 are also connected by a transmission rod 211. The odd-numbered and even-numbered roller shafts in each layer are fixedly connected by different transmission rods 211, using a transmission method similar to train wheel sets to achieve linkage between the odd-numbered and even-numbered roller shafts. To facilitate the installation of the transmission rods 211, they can be arranged on both sides of the roller shaft 207. Simultaneously, the odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor 208 drives the first roller shaft 207 of the upper variable-direction roller 202 to rotate, and the first roller shaft 207 of the upper variable-direction roller 202 is connected to the first roller shaft 207 of the lower variable-direction roller 203. An even-numbered roller drive motor 209 drives the rotation of the last roller shaft 207 of the lower-layer variable-direction roller 203. The last roller shaft 207 of the lower-layer variable-direction roller 203 is connected to the last roller shaft 207 of the upper-layer variable-direction roller 202. The first roller shafts 207 of the two layers of variable-direction rollers can be driven by a belt 212 or a chain. Similarly, the last roller shafts 207 of the two layers of variable-direction rollers can also be driven by a belt 212 or a chain. Both the upper-layer variable-direction roller 202 and the lower-layer variable-direction roller 203 are provided with an even number of roller shafts 207. In this embodiment, eight roller shafts 207 are used as an example.

[0038] The transmission is achieved through linkage 211 and belt 212 or chain, so that only two motors are needed to rotate all roller shafts 207 of the two-layer variable direction rollers.

[0039] To enable the receiving tray drive motor 210 to drive the receiving tray 204, the grading mechanism 2 also includes a camshaft 213, a cam, and a connecting rod 215; the camshaft 213 is rotatably mounted on the housing; the cam is fixedly mounted on the camshaft 213; one end of the connecting rod 215 is fixedly mounted on the receiving tray 204, and the other end is hinged to the cam; the output shaft of the receiving tray drive motor 210 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the camshaft 213.

[0040] When the grading mechanism 2 is working, the odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor 208 and the even-numbered roller shaft drive motor 209 start, and the upper and lower variable-direction rollers 203 are divided into odd-numbered and even-numbered groups according to the order of the roller shafts 207. Power is transmitted between the upper and lower variable-direction rollers 203 via the belt 212, ensuring that the odd-numbered roller shafts and even-numbered roller shafts of the upper and lower roller shafts 207 rotate in the same direction. The odd-numbered and even-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller 202 rotate synchronously via two linkage rods 211 (rigid synchronous linkages 215), and the odd-numbered and even-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller 203 rotate synchronously via two linkage rods 211 (rigid synchronous linkages 215). The odd-numbered and even-numbered roller shafts are driven by the odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor 208 and the even-numbered roller shaft drive motor 209, respectively. Driven by the drive motor 209, the shellfish roll in the opposite direction, generating a downward pushing force on them. Shellfish smaller than the current roller spacing 207 are pushed through the gap by gravity and the pushing force, falling onto the next layer of variable rollers or the receiving tray 204 below. For shellfish larger than the current roller spacing 207, the electronic control system 5 switches the rotation direction of the even-numbered roller drive motors 209, causing the upper and lower odd-numbered rollers to rotate in the same direction as the even-numbered rollers, generating a frictional force on the shellfish pointing towards the discharge tray 205, smoothly conveying all shellfish at this level towards the discharge tray 205. At the same time, driven by the receiving tray drive motor 210, the camshaft 213 of the grading mechanism 2 rotates, driving the receiving tray 204 to vibrate up and down through the hinge between the cam on the camshaft 213 and the connecting rod 215, preventing material accumulation and improving discharge efficiency.

[0041] like Figure 3As shown, the swing frame 301 of the shell-removing mechanism 3 is connected to the rocker arm 407, which drives the swinging motion. The electric opening and closing gates 305 at both ends of the composite motion screening cylinder 302 can be opened and closed by the magnetic attraction of electromagnets. When shell removal is in operation, the electric opening and closing gates 305 for feeding are opened by the repulsive force provided by the electromagnet, allowing the shellfish to enter the working space inside the drum formed by the composite motion screening cylinder 302. The electric opening and closing gates 305 are closed under the action of the electromagnet. Driven by the drive motor 401, the composite motion screening cylinder 302 rotates while swinging back and forth with the swing frame 301. During the rotation, the shells collide with each other and with the inner wall of the drum, promoting the separation of shell and meat. The separated shell meat falls through the mesh of the drum, achieving the separation of shell and meat. The swing frame 301 swings repeatedly under the drive of the rocker arm 407, making the shells inside the drum turn evenly, promoting the separation of shell and meat, and preventing the meat from being blocked by the accumulation of shells and unable to fall through the mesh of the drum. After separation, the rocker arm 407 lowers the swing frame 301, causing the shells to accumulate on the lower side of the working space. The electric opening and closing door 305 on the roller, used for discharging, is opened by the repulsive force provided by the electromagnet, outputting the shells from the working space. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 enables the shell-removing mechanism 3 to swing while rotating, thereby making the separation of shell and meat from the shell more thorough and reducing the loss rate during the shell-removing process.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0043] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic shellfish processing device for grading, shelling, and separating shellfish meat, characterized in that, This includes the frame, grading mechanism, shelling mechanism, drive mechanism, and electronic control system; The grading mechanism is detachably installed on the top of the frame and is used to grade shellfish according to size, and to fumigate the shellfish with high-temperature steam during the grading process. The shell-removing mechanism is installed inside the frame and is used to remove the shells from graded shellfish and separate the shells from the meat through a combined rotation-swing motion. The driving mechanism is used to drive the shell-removing mechanism to achieve a combined rotational-oscillating motion; The electronic control system is used to control the grading mechanism, the driving mechanism, and the shelling mechanism.

2. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shelling mechanism includes a swing frame and a composite motion screening cylinder; The swing frame is mounted on the frame and can swing about a horizontal axis; The composite motion screening cylinder is rotatably mounted inside the swing frame around its own central axis; the central axis of the composite motion screening cylinder intersects perpendicularly with the horizontal axis of the swing frame; and both ends of the composite motion screening cylinder are provided with electrically operated opening and closing doors for feeding and discharging materials. The driving mechanism is used to simultaneously drive the swing frame to swing and the composite motion screening cylinder to rotate; The electrical control system controls the opening and closing of the electric door.

3. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a worm gear, a worm wheel, a worm wheel shaft, a residual gear, a residual rack, a rocker arm, a telescopic shaft, and a universal joint coupling; The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the frame and signal-connected to the electrical control system, used to drive the worm gear to rotate; the worm gear is coaxially arranged with the composite motion screening cylinder; the worm wheel meshes with the worm gear; the worm wheel and the residual gear are coaxially fixedly mounted on the worm wheel shaft; the worm wheel shaft is parallel to the horizontal axis of the swing frame and is rotatably mounted on the frame; the residual rack is movably mounted on the frame in the vertical direction; the residual gear meshes with the residual rack, used to convert the rotation of the residual gear into the reciprocating movement of the residual rack in the vertical direction; one end of the rocker arm is hinged to the residual rack, and the other end is rotatably connected to the end of the swing frame facing the residual rack, thereby driving the swing frame to swing up and down around the horizontal axis through the residual rack; the other end of the worm gear is connected to the central axis of the composite motion screening cylinder through the telescopic shaft and the universal joint couplings at both ends of the telescopic shaft, used to make the composite motion screening cylinder and the worm gear rotate synchronously.

4. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The grading mechanism includes a shell, at least one layer of reversible rollers, a receiving tray, a discharging tray, and a receiving funnel; The outer casing is fixedly installed on the top of the frame; Each layer of variable-direction rollers has several rollers arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction. The rollers of each layer of variable-direction rollers are divided into odd-numbered rollers and even-numbered rollers. When the odd-numbered rollers and even-numbered rollers rotate in the same direction, they are used to transport shellfish on the rollers. When the odd-numbered rollers and even-numbered rollers rotate in opposite directions, they are used to sort shellfish on the rollers. When two or more layers of variable-direction rollers are provided, the variable-direction rollers are distributed vertically at intervals, and the roller shaft gap of each layer of variable-direction rollers gradually decreases from top to bottom, thereby realizing shellfish grading. The receiving tray can be oscillatingly mounted on the inner bottom of the housing and located below the lowest directional roller; Each layer of directional rollers has an inclined discharge tray at its rear end; The receiving funnel is fixedly installed at the rear end of the frame, and its bottom end is provided with an outlet opposite to the electric opening and closing door at the rear end of the composite motion screening cylinder. It is used to transfer the shellfish received from each discharge tray and the receiving tray into the composite motion screening cylinder through the electric opening and closing door.

5. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The grading mechanism also includes odd-numbered roller shaft drive motors, even-numbered roller shaft drive motors, and receiving tray drive motors that are connected to the electronic control system via signals. At least one layer of directional rollers consists of two layers of directional rollers, namely an upper directional roller and a lower directional roller; The odd-numbered roller shaft drive motor is fixedly installed on the housing and is used to drive the odd-numbered roller shafts in the upper variable-direction roller and the lower variable-direction roller to rotate synchronously. The even-numbered roller shaft drive motor is fixedly installed on the housing and is used to drive the even-numbered roller shafts in the upper variable direction roller and the lower variable direction roller to rotate synchronously. The receiving tray drive motor is fixedly installed on the frame and is connected to the receiving tray for driving the receiving tray to swing.

6. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The odd-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller are driven together to achieve synchronous rotation; the even-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable-direction roller are driven together to achieve synchronous rotation; the odd-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller are driven together to achieve synchronous rotation; the even-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable-direction roller are driven together to achieve synchronous rotation. The odd-numbered roller drive motor is used to drive the first roller shaft of the upper variable direction roller to rotate, and the first roller shaft of the upper variable direction roller is connected to the first roller shaft of the lower variable direction roller. The even-numbered roller drive motor is used to drive the last roller shaft of the lower variable direction roller to rotate, and the last roller shaft of the lower variable direction roller is connected to the last roller shaft of the upper variable direction roller in a transmission connection. Both the upper and lower variable-direction rollers are provided with an even number of roller shafts.

7. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The odd-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable direction roller, the even-numbered roller shafts of the upper variable direction roller, the odd-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable direction roller, and the even-numbered roller shafts of the lower variable direction roller are respectively connected by linkages. The upper variable-direction roller and the first roller shaft of the lower variable-direction roller, as well as the lower variable-direction roller and the last roller shaft of the upper variable-direction roller, are all connected by belt drives.

8. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The grading mechanism also includes a camshaft, a cam, and a connecting rod; The camshaft is rotatably mounted on the housing; the cam is fixedly mounted on the camshaft; One end of the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the receiving tray, and the other end is hinged to the cam; The output shaft of the receiving tray drive motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the camshaft.

9. The shellfish processing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electrically operated door uses a solenoid valve.

10. The shellfish processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The electrical control system uses a programmable logic controller.

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