An active safety monitoring device and method for energy storage power stations

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of energy storage power station technology, specifically to an active safety monitoring device and method for energy storage power stations, comprising: a power station housing, inside which a battery rack is installed, and inside the battery rack, multiple support plates are fixedly connected from top to bottom at equal intervals; a flow control loop is configured as a hollow annular structure and is connected to a heat exchange tube, and an annular rotating plate is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the flow control loop; a hydraulic damper is fixedly connected to the outer side of the flow control loop; the beneficial effect is that by embedding and installing the heat exchange tube on the lower surface of the support plate, the liquid perfluorohexanone flowing inside the heat exchange tube can be used to heat exchange and cool the battery module. When the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the liquid perfluorohexanone in the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube vaporizes due to a large amount of heat absorption, its volume expands, opens the pressure valve and enters the inner cavity of the collecting pipe, and is finally sprayed out from the upper end of the spray pipe, thereby rapidly suppressing the combustion of the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage power station technology, specifically to an active safety monitoring device and method for energy storage power stations. Background Technology

[0002] An energy storage power station is a power facility that stores electrical energy through battery packs and releases it back to the grid when needed. It mainly plays the role of "peak shaving and valley filling", that is, charging during off-peak hours and discharging during peak hours to balance the grid load.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese invention with announcement number CN119170926B discloses a safety monitoring device and method for energy storage power stations. Through the structural design of the transmission structure, when the sensor detects thermal runaway of the battery below, the transmission motor runs, causing the gear to drive the transmission tooth plate to slide outward along the sliding groove, thereby causing the movable wall panel to disengage from the slot of the box. The battery rack moves towards the slot of the box under the transmission of the transmission tooth plate. This not only enables rapid ventilation and heat dissipation from the outside, improving the ventilation and heat dissipation effect, but also facilitates subsequent maintenance or fire extinguishing operations by opening the slot of the box.

[0004] Currently, while energy storage power station monitoring devices can actively open their enclosures for ventilation and heat dissipation, they are significantly affected by weather and the surrounding environment. When thermal runaway occurs in a localized battery module, it is difficult to quickly cool the designated area, potentially affecting adjacent battery modules and increasing the risk of fire. Therefore, this invention proposes an active safety monitoring device and method for energy storage power stations to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active safety monitoring device and method for energy storage power stations, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in accurately and quickly cooling down local battery modules when thermal runaway occurs, as mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an active safety monitoring device for an energy storage power station, comprising: The power station enclosure contains a battery rack. Inside the battery rack, multiple support plates are fixedly connected from top to bottom at equal intervals. Battery modules are placed on the upper surface of the support plates, and heat exchange tubes are embedded on the lower surface of the support plates. The heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tubes is liquid perfluorohexanone. The heat exchange tubes are arranged in a continuous S-shape, and flow control loops are provided at both bends of the heat exchange tubes. The flow control ring tube is configured as a hollow ring structure and is kept in communication with the heat exchange tube. An annular rotating plate is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube. Multiple guide vanes arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular rotating plate, and the surface of the guide vanes is consistent with the cross-section of the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube. An inner ring plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular rotating plate, and a connecting pin is fixed to the surface of the inner ring plate. A hydraulic damper is fixedly connected to the outside of the flow control ring tube. When the inner ring plate rotates, the hydraulic damper is driven to reciprocate and extend through the connecting pin. A spray pipe is provided on the outside of the heat exchange tube and communicates with it. The upper end of the spray pipe is bent and extends to the top of the battery module located on the upper side of the support plate.

[0007] Preferably, a collecting pipe is provided below the heat exchange tube, and the collecting pipe and the heat exchange tube are fixedly connected through multiple branch pipes, and a pressure valve is provided inside the branch pipe. Multiple spray pipes are provided and are fixedly connected to both sides of the collecting pipe, and a spray head is installed at the upper end of the spray pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the flow control ring tube is provided with an annular groove, the inner ring plate corresponds to and passes through the annular groove, one end of the connecting pin is provided with a strip plate, and a limiting groove is provided through the surface of the strip plate, and the connecting pin moves through the inner cavity of the limiting groove.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic damper includes a sealed outer cylinder, and a matching sealed piston is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder. Multiple damping holes arranged in a ring array are opened through the surface edge of the sealed piston. A piston rod is fixed to the surface of the sealed piston. One end of the piston rod movably passes through one end face of the sealed outer cylinder and extends to the outside of the sealed outer cylinder. One end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the strip plate.

[0010] Preferably, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the surface of the strip plate, and the cross-section of the mounting bracket is set in an "L" shape. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting bracket by bolts. A notch is opened at one end of the piston rod, and one end of the connecting plate is located inside the notch and fixedly connected to the piston rod by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the flow control ring tube, the outer wall of the sealing outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate by bolts, and the lower surface of the support plate is provided with an embedding groove for embedding the heat exchange tube.

[0012] Preferably, multiple battery racks are provided inside the power station housing, and the multiple battery racks are arranged in pairs. A circulation pipe is provided between the two battery racks in the same group. The two ends of the heat exchange pipe are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the circulation pipe. Multiple heat exchange pipes are connected in parallel. A base is provided at the bottom of the power station housing, and a cooling circulation pump is provided inside the base. The two ends of the circulation pipe are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation pump.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the power station enclosure is provided with louvered windows, a partition is fixedly connected to the upper part of the interior of the power station enclosure, and a gap is left between the partition and the top inner wall of the power station enclosure, and the side of the gap is connected to the outside of the power station enclosure. A wind-cooled radiator is fixedly installed on the partition, and the upper and lower ends of the wind-cooled radiator are located on the upper and lower sides of the partition, respectively.

[0014] A monitoring method based on the above-mentioned active safety monitoring device for energy storage power stations specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: The cooling circulation pump in the inner cavity of the base works to send liquid perfluorohexanone into the circulation pipe. The circulation pipe sends the perfluorohexanone into the heat exchange pipe. After flowing through the heat exchange pipe, it returns to the circulation pipe and finally returns to the cooling circulation pump to form a circulation flow. When the liquid perfluorohexanone flows in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe, it achieves heat exchange and cooling of the battery module through the heat transfer of the support plate. Step 2: When liquid perfluorohexanone flows into the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube, it impacts the guide vanes and drives the annular rotating plate to rotate. At this time, the connecting pin drives the sealing piston inside the sealing outer cylinder to slide back and forth through the cooperation with the strip plate. When the sealing piston slides, the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the sealing outer cylinder will flow through the damping hole. The hydraulic oil itself has a viscosity force and the small diameter of the damping hole to dampen the sliding of the sealing piston, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate and the guide vanes. Step 3: When a single battery module experiences thermal runaway, the liquid perfluorohexanone in the heat exchange tube absorbs a large amount of heat. After the temperature exceeds its boiling point, the perfluorohexanone vaporizes and expands rapidly. At this time, the pressure valve in the branch pipe is opened under pressure, and the perfluorohexanone flows into the collecting pipe. After being guided by the spray pipe, it is sprayed out from the nozzle. The gaseous perfluorohexanone carries the liquid perfluorohexanone and sprays it around the battery module to suppress combustion and the spread of thermal runaway.

[0015] Preferably, in step three, when perfluorohexanone vaporizes and expands in volume, the flow control ring pipes at both ends of the heat exchange tube are damped by the hydraulic damper, the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate and the guide vane is limited, and perfluorohexanone cannot be quickly discharged from both ends of the heat exchange tube. The internal pressure of the heat exchange tube increases, thereby opening the pressure valve in the branch pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention features a heat exchange tube embedded in the lower surface of a support plate. The heat exchange tube is arranged in a continuous S-shape, and the liquid perfluorohexanone flowing inside the heat exchange tube can be used to cool the battery module. A collecting pipe is provided on the lower side of the heat exchange tube, and a pressure valve is provided between the collecting pipe and the heat exchange tube. When the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the liquid perfluorohexanone in the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube vaporizes due to a large amount of heat absorption, and its volume expands. This vaporizes and pushes open the pressure valve, allowing the heat exchange tube to enter the inner cavity of the collecting pipe and finally spray out from the upper end of the spray pipe, thereby rapidly suppressing the combustion of the battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power station enclosure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger tube structure installation of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spray pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube and flow control loop structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the heat exchange tube and support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the flow control ring and the hydraulic damper structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flow control ring tube of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the flow control ring structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic damper of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the strip plate and piston rod structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Power station enclosure; 11. Base; 12. Louvered window; 13. Partition; 14. Air-cooled radiator; 2. Battery rack; 21. Support plate; 211. Embedding groove; 22. Battery module; 3. Heat exchange tube; 4. Manifold; 41. Spray pipe; 42. Nozzle; 43. Branch pipe; 5. Flow control ring pipe; 51. Annular rotating plate; 52. Guide vane; 53. Inner ring plate; 54. Connecting pin; 55. Annular groove; 56. Connecting frame; 57. Strip plate; 571. Limiting slide groove; 572. Mounting frame; 58. Connecting plate; 6. Hydraulic damper; 61. Sealed outer cylinder; 62. Sealed piston; 621. Damping hole; 63. Piston rod; 631. Cut groove; 7. Circulation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clear and complete, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention, and are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: Example 1: An active safety monitoring device for an energy storage power station, comprising: a power station enclosure 1.

[0021] Specifically, a battery rack 2 is installed inside the power station housing 1. The battery rack 2 is a vertically placed cuboid frame. Multiple equally spaced support plates 21 are fixedly connected from top to bottom inside the battery rack 2. The support plates 21 are made of rigid metal and have good thermal conductivity. A battery module 22 is placed on the upper surface of the support plate 21, which can be used to conduct heat to the battery module 22. A heat exchange tube 3 is embedded on the lower surface of the support plate 21. The internal heat exchange medium is liquid perfluorohexanone. When the liquid perfluorohexanone flows in the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 3, it can be used to exchange heat and cool the support plate 21 and the battery module 22, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery module 22 itself and preventing thermal runaway of the battery module 22. The heat exchange tube 3 is set in a continuous S-shape, which can be used to increase the flow path of liquid perfluorohexanone in the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 3, thereby improving the heat exchange and cooling effect on the battery module 22. Flow control ring tubes 5 are provided at the bends at both ends of the heat exchange tube 3. Secondly, the flow control loop 5 is configured as a hollow annular structure and remains connected to the heat exchange tube 3, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the bend in the heat exchange tube 3 forms a "U" shape with the left half of the flow control ring tube 5, which can be used to guide the liquid perfluorohexanone flowing inside the heat exchange tube 3. An annular rotating plate 51 is rotatably installed inside the flow control ring tube 5. Multiple guide vanes 52 arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular rotating plate 51, and the surface of the guide vanes 52 is consistent with the cross-section of the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube 5. The annular rotating plate 51 and the guide vanes 52 can only rotate around the axis of the flow control ring tube 5 inside the flow control ring tube 5. The annular rotating plate 51 rotates passively. Liquid perfluorohexanone flows in the heat exchange tube 3 and impacts the side of the guide vane 52, thereby driving the guide vane 52 and the annular rotating plate 51 to rotate. An inner ring plate 53 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular rotating plate 51, and a connecting pin 54 is fixed on the surface of the inner ring plate 53. The connecting pin 54 is located outside the flow control ring tube 5 and in the cavity in the middle of the flow control ring tube 5. The connecting pin 54 is offset from the axis of the flow control ring tube 5. When the annular rotating plate 51 rotates, it can drive the inner ring plate 53 and the connecting pin 54 to rotate accordingly. Furthermore, a hydraulic damper 6 is fixedly connected to the outside of the flow control ring tube 5. When the inner ring plate 53 rotates, the hydraulic damper 6 is driven to reciprocate and extend through the connecting pin 54. The hydraulic damper 6 is filled with hydraulic oil, which can produce a damping effect on the extension and retraction of the hydraulic damper 6 itself. Since the hydraulic damper 6 is connected to the connecting pin 54, the rotation of the connecting pin 54 will be affected by damping, which in turn limits the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate 51 and the guide vane 52. That is, the flow velocity of liquid perfluorohexanone in the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 3 is limited. Furthermore, a spray pipe 41 is provided on the outside of the heat exchange pipe 3 and is connected to it. The upper end of the spray pipe 41 is bent and extends to the battery module 22 located on the upper side of the support plate 21. The spray pipe 41 can spray perfluorohexanone around the battery module 22 to suppress combustion and thermal runaway in time when the battery module 22 experiences combustion and thermal runaway.

[0022] To prevent leakage of liquid perfluorohexanone from the spray pipe 41 within the heat exchange tube 3 under normal conditions, this application further includes a collecting pipe 4 located below the heat exchange tube 3. The collecting pipe 4 and the heat exchange tube 3 are connected by multiple branch pipes 43, each branch pipe 43 containing a pressure valve. This pressure valve controls the pressure within the heat exchange tube 3. When the pressure of the liquid perfluorohexanone within the heat exchange tube 3 is insufficient, the liquid perfluorohexanone will not enter the collecting pipe 4, allowing it to flow normally within the heat exchange tube 3. However, when the battery module 22 experiences combustion or thermal runaway, the temperature of the battery module 22 increases, and the pressure within the heat exchange tube 3... The liquid perfluorohexanone absorbs a large amount of heat. Due to its low boiling point of only 49°C, the liquid perfluorohexanone will rapidly vaporize after absorbing a large amount of heat, and its volume will expand rapidly. This will push open the pressure in the branch pipe 43. The vaporized perfluorohexanone, along with the liquid perfluorohexanone, enters the inner cavity of the manifold 4. After being guided by the spray pipe 41, it is quickly sprayed from the upper end of the spray pipe 41 around the battery module 22. Multiple spray pipes 41 are provided and are fixedly connected to both sides of the manifold 4, which can more comprehensively suppress combustion of the battery module 22. A nozzle 42 is installed at the upper end of the spray pipe 41 to increase the spray range of perfluorohexanone and improve the uniformity of spraying.

[0023] In order to install the connecting pin 54 on the outside of the flow control ring tube 5, this application also has an annular groove 55 formed on the inner wall of the flow control ring tube 5, and the inner ring plate 53 corresponds to and passes through the annular groove 55. Figure 9 As shown, the annular groove 55 is located in the middle of the inner wall of the flow control ring pipe 5. The annular rotating plate 51 blocks the annular groove 55 from the inside of the flow control ring pipe 5, thereby preventing leakage of liquid perfluorohexanone inside the flow control ring pipe 5. A strip plate 57 is provided at one end of the connecting pin 54, and a limiting groove 571 is formed through the surface of the strip plate 57. The connecting pin 54 moves through the inner cavity of the limiting groove 571. The connecting pin 54 can only slide in the inner cavity of the limiting groove 571. When the connecting pin 54 rotates together with the inner ring plate 53, the connecting pin 54 squeezes the inner wall of the limiting groove 571, causing the strip plate 57 to move back and forth, thereby causing the hydraulic damper 6 to reciprocate and extend.

[0024] To limit the flow rate of liquid perfluorohexanone within the heat exchange tube 3, the hydraulic damper 6 of this application includes a sealed outer cylinder 61, and a matching sealed piston 62 is slidably mounted within the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder 61. A piston rod 63 is fixed to the surface of the sealed piston 62, and a sealing layer is provided on the surface of the sealed piston 62. The sealed piston 62 can slide within the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder 61, dividing the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder 61 into left and right spaces. When the sealed piston 62 slides, the volumes of the left and right spaces within the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder 61 change accordingly. Multiple damping holes 621 arranged in a ring array are penetrated through the edge of the surface of the sealed piston 62. Since the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder 61 is filled with hydraulic oil, when the sealed piston 62 slides, the hydraulic oil will... The hydraulic oil flows through the inner cavity of the damping hole 621. Due to the viscosity of the hydraulic oil itself and the small inner diameter of the damping hole 621, the sliding of the sealing piston 62 is affected by damping. That is, the overall expansion and contraction deformation of the hydraulic damper 6 is affected by the damping effect. One end of the piston rod 63 moves through one end face of the sealing outer cylinder 61 and extends to the outside of the sealing outer cylinder 61. One end of the piston rod 63 is fixedly connected to the strip plate 57. Since the strip plate 57 is installed at one end of the piston rod 63, the reciprocating movement of the strip plate 57 is affected by the damping of the hydraulic damper 6. Therefore, the rotation speed of the connecting pin 54 is limited. In other words, the hydraulic damper 6 can limit the flow rate of the liquid perfluorohexanone flowing in the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 3 to prevent its flow rate from being too high.

[0025] To install the strip plate 57, this application further includes a mounting bracket 572 fixedly connected to the surface of the strip plate 57, and the cross-section of the mounting bracket 572 is set in an "L" shape. A connecting plate 58 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting bracket 572 by bolts. A notch 631 is opened at one end of the piston rod 63. One end of the connecting plate 58 is located inside the notch 631 and is fixedly connected to the piston rod 63 by bolts. The mounting bracket 572 and the connecting plate 58 can be used to stably install the strip plate 57 at one end of the piston rod 63, thereby preventing the strip plate 57 from rotating and shifting position. The strip plate 57 can only reciprocate along the length direction of the piston rod 63.

[0026] To install and position the flow control ring tube 5 and the hydraulic damper 6, this application also includes a connecting frame 56 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the flow control ring tube 5. The outer wall of the sealing outer cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 56. The connecting frame 56 is mainly used to install and connect the hydraulic damper 6 and the flow control ring tube 5 together. The connecting frame 56 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate 21 by bolts. After the connecting frame 56 is installed and fixed to the support plate 21, the flow control ring tube 5 and the hydraulic damper 6 can be fixed. An inlay groove 211 for embedding the heat exchange tube 3 is opened on the lower surface of the support plate 21. The inlay groove 211 is mainly used to embed the heat exchange tube 3 on the lower surface of the support plate 21, ensuring that the heat exchange tube 3 can be as close as possible to the battery module 22, thereby maximizing the heat exchange effect on the battery module 22.

[0027] To supply liquid perfluorohexanone to the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 3, multiple battery racks 2 are provided inside the power station housing 1, with each rack grouped in pairs. This arrangement allows for the placement of a larger number of battery modules 22 within the power station housing 1. A circulation pipe 7 is provided between two battery racks in the same group. The two ends of the heat exchange tube 3 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the circulation pipe 7. The multiple heat exchange tubes 3 are connected in parallel. The circulation pipe 7 is primarily used to supply liquid perfluorohexanone to one end of the heat exchange tube 3 and to collect the liquid perfluorohexanone from the other end of the heat exchange tube 3. The circulation pipe 7 is configured to be inverted. The U-shaped circulation pipe 7 has a valve at the top, which is closed. Therefore, liquid perfluorohexanone can only flow into the heat exchange pipe 3 and then return to the circulation pipe 7. A base 11 is set at the bottom of the power station housing 1, and a cooling circulation pump is installed inside the base 11. The two ends of the circulation pipe 7 are connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation pump, respectively. A storage tank for storing liquid perfluorohexanone is also set inside the base 11. The cooling circulation pump is placed inside the storage tank. The cooling circulation pump controls the circulation of liquid perfluorohexanone in the heat exchange pipe 3 to cool down the battery module 22.

[0028] To dissipate heat from the interior of the power station enclosure 1, this application also includes a louvered window 12 on the outer wall of the power station enclosure 1. The louvered window 12 connects the inner and outer sides of the power station enclosure 1, allowing outside air to enter the interior of the power station enclosure 1 in a timely manner. A partition 13 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the interior of the power station enclosure 1, and a gap is left between the partition 13 and the top inner wall of the power station enclosure 1. The side of the gap is connected to the outside of the power station enclosure 1. A wind-cooled radiator 14 is fixedly installed on the partition 13, and the upper and lower ends of the wind-cooled radiator 14 are located on the upper and lower sides of the partition 13, respectively. As an active wind-cooling structure, the wind-cooled radiator 14 can dissipate the hot air inside the power station enclosure 1 to the outside air in a timely manner, thereby preventing heat from accumulating inside the power station enclosure 1.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a monitoring method based on the above-described active safety monitoring device for energy storage power stations, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: The cooling circulation pump in the inner cavity of the base 11 works to send liquid perfluorohexanone into the circulation pipe 7. The circulation pipe 7 sends the perfluorohexanone into the heat exchange pipe 3. After flowing through the heat exchange pipe 3, it returns to the circulation pipe 7 and finally returns to the cooling circulation pump to form a circulation flow. When the liquid perfluorohexanone flows in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe 3, it achieves heat exchange and cooling of the battery module 22 through the heat transfer of the support plate 21. Step 2: When liquid perfluorohexanone flows into the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube 5, it impacts the guide vane 52 and drives the annular rotating plate 51 to rotate. At this time, the connecting pin 54 drives the sealing piston 62 inside the sealing outer cylinder 61 to slide back and forth through the cooperation with the strip plate 57. When the sealing piston 62 slides, the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the sealing outer cylinder 61 will flow through the damping hole 621. The sliding of the sealing piston 62 is damped by the viscosity of the hydraulic oil itself and the small diameter of the damping hole 621, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate 51 and the guide vane 52. Step 3: When a single battery module 22 experiences thermal runaway, the liquid perfluorohexanone in the heat exchange tube 3 absorbs a large amount of heat. After the temperature exceeds its boiling point, the perfluorohexanone vaporizes and expands rapidly. At this time, the pressure valve in the branch pipe 43 is opened under pressure, and the perfluorohexanone flows into the collecting pipe 4. After being guided by the spray pipe 41, it is sprayed out from the nozzle 42. The gaseous perfluorohexanone carries the liquid perfluorohexanone and is sprayed around the battery module 22. Perfluorohexanone can decompose at high temperature and capture free radicals in the combustion chain reaction, thereby interrupting the combustion reaction. This is chemical inhibition. At the same time, since the perfluorohexanone vapor density is higher than that of air, it can temporarily cover the surface of the battery module 22 and dilute the oxygen concentration near the fire source. This is physical isolation. The combination of the two can suppress combustion and the spread of thermal runaway to the greatest extent.

[0030] Furthermore, in step three, when perfluorohexanone vaporizes and expands in volume, the flow control ring pipe 5 at both ends of the heat exchange tube 3 is damped by the hydraulic damper 6, the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate 51 and the guide vane 52 is limited, and perfluorohexanone cannot be discharged quickly from both ends of the heat exchange tube 3. The internal pressure of the heat exchange tube 3 increases, thereby opening the pressure valve in the branch pipe 43.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An active safety monitoring device for energy storage power stations, characterized in that: include: The power station housing (1) has a battery rack (2) inside. The battery rack (2) has multiple support plates (21) that are evenly spaced and fixedly connected from top to bottom inside. The upper surface of the support plate (21) is used to place the battery module (22). The lower surface of the support plate (21) is inlaid with a heat exchange tube (3). The heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube (3) is liquid perfluorohexanone. The heat exchange tube (3) is set in a continuous S-shape. A flow control ring tube (5) is set at both ends of the heat exchange tube (3). The flow control ring tube (5) is configured as a hollow ring structure and is connected to the heat exchange tube (3). The inner cavity of the flow control ring tube (5) is rotatably mounted with an annular rotating plate (51). The outer wall of the annular rotating plate (51) is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide vanes (52) arranged in an annular array. The surface of the guide vanes (52) is consistent with the cross-section of the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube (5). The inner wall of the annular rotating plate (51) is fixedly connected with an inner ring plate (53), and a connecting pin (54) is fixed on the surface of the inner ring plate (53). A hydraulic damper (6) is fixedly connected to the outside of the flow control ring (5). When the inner ring plate (53) rotates, the hydraulic damper (6) is driven to reciprocate and extend through the connecting pin (54). A spray pipe (41) is provided on the outside of the heat exchange tube (3) and communicates with it. The upper end of the spray pipe (41) is bent and extends to the battery module (22) located on the upper side of the support plate (21).

2. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collecting pipe (4) is provided below the heat exchange tube (3), and the collecting pipe (4) and the heat exchange tube (3) are fixedly connected through multiple branch pipes (43). A pressure valve is provided inside the branch pipe (43). Multiple spray pipes (41) are provided and are fixedly connected to both sides of the collecting pipe (4). A nozzle (42) is installed at the upper end of the spray pipe (41).

3. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flow control ring tube (5) is provided with an annular groove (55), the inner ring plate (53) corresponds to and passes through the annular groove (55), one end of the connecting pin (54) is provided with a strip plate (57), and a limiting groove (571) is provided through the surface of the strip plate (57), and the connecting pin (54) moves through the inner cavity of the limiting groove (571).

4. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper (6) includes a sealed outer cylinder (61), and a matching sealed piston (62) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the sealed outer cylinder (61). Multiple damping holes (621) arranged in a ring array are opened through the surface edge of the sealed piston (62). A piston rod (63) is fixed on the surface of the sealed piston (62). One end of the piston rod (63) moves through one end face of the sealed outer cylinder (61) and extends to the outside of the sealed outer cylinder (61). One end of the piston rod (63) is fixedly connected to the strip plate (57).

5. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the strip plate (57) is fixedly connected to a mounting bracket (572), and the cross section of the mounting bracket (572) is set in an "L" shape. The inner side of the mounting bracket (572) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (58) by bolts. One end of the piston rod (63) is provided with a notch (631), and one end of the connecting plate (58) is located inside the notch (631) and is fixedly connected to the piston rod (63) by bolts.

6. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the flow control ring tube (5) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (56), the outer wall of the sealing outer cylinder (61) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (56), the connecting frame (56) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate (21) by bolts, and the lower surface of the support plate (21) is provided with an inlay groove (211) for the heat exchange tube (3) to be inlaid.

7. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple battery racks (2) are installed inside the power station housing (1), and the multiple battery racks (2) are arranged in pairs. A circulation pipe (7) is arranged between two battery racks (2) in the same group. The two ends of the heat exchange pipe (3) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the circulation pipe (7). Multiple heat exchange pipes (3) are connected in parallel. A base (11) is provided at the bottom of the power station housing (1), and a cooling circulation pump is provided inside the base (11). The two ends of the circulation pipe (7) are connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation pump, respectively.

8. The active safety monitoring device and method for an energy storage power station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the power station enclosure (1) is provided with louvered windows (12). The upper part of the interior of the power station enclosure (1) is fixedly connected to a partition (13), and there is a gap between the partition (13) and the top inner wall of the power station enclosure (1). The side of the gap is connected to the outside of the power station enclosure (1). A wind-cooled radiator (14) is fixedly installed on the partition (13), and the upper and lower ends of the wind-cooled radiator (14) are located on the upper and lower sides of the partition (13), respectively.

9. A monitoring method for an active safety monitoring device for an energy storage power station according to claim 8, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: The cooling circulation pump in the inner cavity of the base (11) works to send liquid perfluorohexanone into the circulation pipe (7) and flow. The circulation pipe (7) sends the perfluorohexanone into the heat exchange pipe (3). After flowing through the heat exchange pipe (3), it returns to the circulation pipe (7) and finally returns to the cooling circulation pump to form a circulation flow. When the liquid perfluorohexanone flows in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe (3), it achieves heat exchange and cooling of the battery module (22) through the heat transfer of the support plate (21). Step 2: When liquid perfluorohexanone flows into the inner cavity of the flow control ring tube (5), it impacts the guide vane (52) and drives the annular rotating plate (51) to rotate. At this time, the connecting pin (54) drives the sealing piston (62) inside the sealing outer cylinder (61) to slide back and forth through the cooperation with the strip plate (57). When the sealing piston (62) slides, the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the sealing outer cylinder (61) will flow through the damping hole (621). The hydraulic oil itself has viscosity and the small diameter of the damping hole (621) dampens the sliding of the sealing piston (62), thereby controlling the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate (51) and the guide vane (52). Step 3: When a single battery module (22) experiences thermal runaway, the liquid perfluorohexanone in the heat exchange tube (3) absorbs a large amount of heat. After the temperature exceeds its boiling point, the perfluorohexanone vaporizes and expands rapidly. At this time, the pressure valve in the branch pipe (43) is opened under pressure, and the perfluorohexanone flows into the collection pipe (4). After being guided by the spray pipe (41), it is sprayed out from the nozzle (42). The gaseous perfluorohexanone carries the liquid perfluorohexanone and sprays it around the battery module (22) to suppress combustion and the spread of thermal runaway.

10. A monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step three, when perfluorohexanone vaporizes and expands in volume, the flow control ring (5) at both ends of the heat exchange tube (3) is damped by the hydraulic damper (6), the rotation speed of the annular rotating plate (51) and the guide vane (52) is limited, and perfluorohexanone cannot be discharged quickly from both ends of the heat exchange tube (3). The internal pressure of the heat exchange tube (3) increases, thereby opening the pressure valve in the branch pipe (43).

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