Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a reception unit that receives at least a first synchronization signal block transmitted in a first band and a second synchronization signal block transmitted in a second band wider than the first band; and a control unit that controls an initial access procedure based on at least the first synchronization signal block. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the initial access procedure can be appropriately performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving upon LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The development of successor systems to LTE is also underway (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In 5G NR (e.g., after 3GPP Rel.17), in order to address a wide variety of use cases such as the Internet of Things (IoT), the Reduced UE Capability (RedCap) is defined / supported, which reduces the required capabilities of the UE compared to the usual terminal (user terminal, user equipment (UE)).

[0009] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G), the use of new RedCap UEs (also known as 6G RedCap UEs) that further reduce the required capabilities (e.g., support a narrower band range than existing RedCap UEs) are being investigated.

[0010] However, given that the new RedCap UE supports a narrower bandwidth than the existing RedCap UE, there are concerns that the initial access procedure using the same frequency bandwidth as before may not be properly performed. Without a proper initial access procedure, there are concerns about reduced system performance, such as decreased communication throughput.

[0011] Therefore, one of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, wireless communication method, and base station capable of making appropriate initial access.

[0012] Methods for solving problems

[0013] The terminal involved in one aspect of this disclosure is characterized by having: a receiving unit for receiving at least the first synchronization signal block from a first synchronization signal block transmitted in a first band domain and a second synchronization signal block transmitted in a second band domain wider than the first band domain; and a control unit for controlling the initial access process based at least on the first synchronization signal block.

[0014] Invention Effects

[0015] According to one method disclosed herein, initial access can be appropriately performed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an SSB in 5G NR.

[0017] Figure 2A as well as Figure 2BThis is a diagram illustrating an example of the frequency configuration of narrowband SSB and wideband SSB.

[0018] Figure 3A as well as Figure 3B This is a diagram illustrating an example of frequency configuration for both narrowband and wideband SSBs.

[0019] Figures 4A-4C This is a diagram representing an example of synchronization rasters.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the sequence of synchronization signals for the SSB.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the sequence of synchronization signals for the SSB.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0027] (RedCap UE)

[0028] In 5G NR (e.g., after 3GPP Rel.17), it supports the use of communication systems introduced in 3GPP Rel.15 for use cases such as IoT. Examples of IoT use cases in 5G NR include support for Industrial Wireless Sensor NW (IWSN), video surveillance systems, wearable devices, and previous IoT use cases utilizing LTE terminals (e.g., smart homes, smart water systems, electricity meters, smart beacons, etc.).

[0029] The required conditions or capabilities (e.g., UE capabilities or required conditions) for terminals applied to these use cases are reduced compared to those required for UEs defined or supported in Rel.15 (e.g., also known as existing standard UEs, Non-RedCap UEs). UEs in 5G NR with reduced terminal requirements or capabilities compared to standard UEs may also be referred to as existing RedCap UEs, legacy RedCap UEs, 5G NR RedCap UEs, etc.

[0030] Compared to existing standard UEs, existing RedCap UEs utilize a smaller or narrower bandwidth in communication (bandwidth reduction).

[0031] In Rel.15, existing standard UEs typically need to support specific bandwidths based on frequency ranges (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR) 1, FR2). The bandwidth that a UE needs to support can also be referred to as the maximum bandwidth (maximum channel bandwidth).

[0032] For example, in the first frequency range (FR1), existing typical UEs need to support a maximum bandwidth of 100 MHz. Furthermore, in the second frequency range (FR2), existing typical UEs need to support a maximum bandwidth of 200 MHz.

[0033] On the other hand, the bandwidth supported by existing RedCap UEs (e.g., mandatory bandwidth) is set to be narrower than that supported by existing typical UEs.

[0034] For example, in the first frequency range (FR1), existing RedCap UEs need to support a maximum bandwidth of 20MHz. Furthermore, in the second frequency range (FR2), existing RedCap UEs need to support a maximum bandwidth of 100MHz.

[0035] (Initial Access)

[0036] In 5G NR, a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) is defined as a signal used by the UE to synchronize time and frequency with the base station.

[0037] An SSB is a block of signals that contains at least one Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). An SSB can also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an SSB in 5G NR. Figure 1 The SSB shown is configured across 4 symbols. The PSS occupies 1 symbol (symbol #0) and 127 subcarriers (from subcarrier #56 to #182), and the SSS occupies 1 symbol (symbol #2) and 127 subcarriers (from subcarrier #56 to #182). The PBCH is constructed across 3 symbols (from symbol #1 to #3) and 240 subcarriers (from subcarrier #0 to #239), but the remaining unused portion of the SSS (from subcarrier #56 to #182) is configured in 1 symbol (symbol #2). In symbol #2, there may also be a portion between the SSS and PBCH where neither the SSS nor the PBCH is configured.

[0039] During the initial access process, the UE (RRC_IDLE mode) receives the SS / PBCH block (SSB), transmits Msg.1 (PRACH / random access preamble / preamble), receives Msg.2 (PDCCH, PDSCH containing the random access response (RAR)), transmits Msg.3 (PUSCH scheduled via RAR UL permission), and receives Msg.4 (PDCCH, PDSCH containing the UE contention resolution identity). Subsequently, if the UE sends an ACK for Msg.4 to the base station (network), an RRC connection is established (RRC_CONNECTED mode).

[0040] SSB reception includes PSS detection, SSS detection, PBCH-DMRS detection, and PBCH reception. PSS detection detects a portion of the Physical Cell ID (PCI), OFDM symbol timing (synchronization), and (coarse) frequency synchronization. SSS detection includes physical cell ID detection. PBCH-DMRS detection includes detection of a portion of the SSB index within a half-frame (5ms). PBCH reception includes detection of the system frame number (SFN) and radio frame timing (SSB index), reception of remaining minimum system information (RMSI, SIB1) settings, and identification of whether the UE can camp on the cell (carrier).

[0041] The SSB has a 20RB band and a 4-symbol time. The SSB transmission period can be set from {5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160} ms. In a half-frame, multiple symbol positions of the SSB are defined based on the frequency range (FR1, FR2).

[0042] The PBCH has a 56-bit payload. N iterations of the PBCH are transmitted within an 80ms period. N depends on the SSB transmission period.

[0043] System information consists of the MIB, RMSI (SIB1), and other system information (OSI) carried via the PBCH. SIB1 contains information for RACH setup and the RACH process. The time / frequency resource relationship between the SSB and SIB1, monitored via the PDCCH, is set through the PBCH.

[0044] Base stations using beam mapping transmit multiple SSBs using multiple beams per SSB transmission cycle. Each SSB has multiple SSB indices. A UE that detects an SSB transmits a PRACH at the RACH occasion associated with that SSB index and receives a RAR within the RAR window.

[0045] The frequency at which the UE searches for PSS / SSS can also be referred to as the synchronization raster.

[0046] In 5G NR, the center frequency of the SSB is located on the synchronization grid.

[0047] Synchronization grids are specified for each frequency range (FR1 / FR2).

[0048] The wider the frequency interval of the synchronization grid (the fewer the number of synchronization grids), the shorter the search time and the less load during the initial access.

[0049] The candidate frequency positions configured for component carriers (CCs) are called channel grids.

[0050] The spacing of the synchronization grids is determined to satisfy specific conditions. Specifically, the spacing of the synchronization grids is determined such that, regardless of which channel grid is configured with the minimum channel bandwidth (CBW), there exists at least one synchronization grid such that the band domain of the SSB within the synchronization grid is contained within that CBW.

[0051] If a UE is unable to receive an SSB on a specific synchronization grid for a specific period, it will attempt to receive the SSB in other synchronization grids. Furthermore, the length of the specific period depends on the UE's implementation.

[0052] During initial access, the order in which the UE searches for synchronization grids depends on the UE's implementation. For efficient searching, a Global Synchronization Channel Number (GSCN) is specified, and the UE is notified of the GSCN offset / GSCN range.

[0053] The frequency of PSS / SSS search targets other than those during initial access is indicated to the UE from the network (NW, e.g., base station).

[0054] For example, when instructed to perform RSRP / RSRQ / SINR measurements for surrounding cells, the UE is instructed to use the higher-layer parameter "MeasObjectNR" to indicate the SSB frequency.

[0055] For example, in the case of an additional serving cell being indicated, the UE is indicated with the SSB frequency using the higher-layer parameter "FrequencyInfoDL".

[0056] For example, the UE (RRC_IDLE mode) is indicated with SIB4 (InterFreqCarrierFreqInfo) for the SSB frequency.

[0057] (6G)

[0058] Research into 6G has begun. In 6G, higher performance requirements and a variety of use cases are envisioned, as shown below.

[0059] • Expansion / Ultra-long-distance communication

[0060] • Ultra-large capacity

[0061] Ultra-reliable communication

[0062] • Virtual cell (UE-centric no cell)

[0063] • Flexible NW

[0064] Mesh network / Side link

[0065] In 6G, the use of narrowband operation with an eye toward the Internet of Things (IoT) is envisioned. IoT terminals in 6G are envisioned as terminals whose required conditions or capabilities are further restricted compared to existing RedCap UEs. At least one typical / basic UE for 5G NR, 6G, or later communication technologies can also be referred to as a typical UE or a wideband terminal. Wideband terminals can also include existing RedCap UEs or UEs supporting the bandwidth of existing RedCap UEs. UEs in 6G with reduced terminal requirements or capabilities compared to existing RedCap UEs can also be referred to as new RedCap UEs, 6G RedCap UEs, narrowband terminals, etc.

[0066] In 5G NR, existing RedCap UEs use the same bandwidth as existing regular UEs to monitor / receive SSBs. For example, with a subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, the SSB bandwidth is approximately 1.9MHz.

[0067] However, if the new RedCap UE only supports a narrower bandwidth (e.g., 1MHz) than the SSB supported in 5G NR, the new RedCap UE cannot monitor / receive the SSB.

[0068] Considering that the SSB is the signal received by all terminals during the initial access process, 6G SSBs are designed with an SSB having the same frequency bandwidth as 5G NR as the baseline. In this case, adding narrowband domain SSBs (for new RedCap UEs, SSBs that new RedCap UEs can monitor / receive) in later versions is inefficient from both a specification and operational perspective. Therefore, the addition of narrowband domain SSBs needs to be considered from the very beginning of the 6G design.

[0069] Therefore, the inventors of this invention conceived of an initial access process using a narrowband domain SSB.

[0070] The embodiments disclosed herein will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods described in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0071] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be rewritten as each other. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B and C".

[0072] In this disclosure, an SSB having the same bandwidth as, or a bandwidth narrower or smaller than, the maximum bandwidth supported by a narrowband domain terminal can also be referred to as a narrowband domain SSB. An SSB having a bandwidth wider or larger than the maximum bandwidth supported by a narrowband domain terminal can also be referred to as a wideband domain SSB. The bandwidth of a wideband domain SSB can also be the same as, or a bandwidth narrower or smaller than, the maximum bandwidth supported by a wideband domain terminal.

[0073] In this disclosure, the bandwidth of the wideband SSB can also be wider or greater than that of the narrowband SSB. In other words, the wideband SSB can also be transmitted in a bandwidth that is wider than the bandwidth used to transmit the narrowband SSB.

[0074] In this disclosure, terms such as notification, activation, deactivation, indication (or indication), selection, configuration, update, and determination can be overridden. Similarly, terms such as support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be overridden.

[0075] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can also be modified interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) elements (MAC ControlElement (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be modified interchangeably.

[0076] In this disclosure, higher-layer signaling may be, for example, any one or a combination of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network, such as positioning protocol messages, such as NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, etc.).

[0077] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), a Minimum System Information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0078] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

[0079] In this disclosure, the synchronization signal, synchronization signal block (SSB), primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), tertiary synchronization signal (TSS), quadrature synchronization signal (QSS), broadcast channel (physical broadcast channel (PBCH)), narrowband domain SSB, wideband domain SSB, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0080] In this disclosure, SSBs with a narrower band domain than 5G NR SSBs, narrow band domain SSBs, 6G SSBs, SSBs with a first bandwidth, and SSBs transmitted in the first band domain can also be rewritten to each other.

[0081] In this disclosure, 5G NR SSB, existing SSB, existing specification SSB, broadband domain SSB, SSB with second bandwidth, SSB transmitted in the second band domain, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0082] In this disclosure, location, configuration, resources, band, frequency, candidate, synchronization grid, existing synchronization grid, narrowband domain synchronization grid, wideband domain synchronization grid, common synchronization grid, and composite synchronization grid can also be rewritten.

[0083] In this disclosure, terminals, narrowband domain terminals, new RedCap UEs, terminals supporting first bandwidth, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0084] In this disclosure, the terms "terminal", "wideband domain terminal", "existing general UE", "existing RedCap UE", "general UE", "terminal supporting a bandwidth wider than the first bandwidth", and "terminal supporting a second bandwidth" can be interchanged.

[0085] In this disclosure, terms such as search, investigate, monitor, receive, decode, detect, and obtain can be rewritten.

[0086] (Wireless communication method)

[0087] <First Implementation Method>

[0088] The first implementation involves the setting of time / frequency resources for narrowband domain SSB and wideband domain SSB.

[0089] Synchronization signals and PBCH can be specified separately, or they can be combined and specified as SSB, similar to 5G NR.

[0090] [Frequency Resources]

[0091] For both narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, any of the following options can also be specified.

[0092] Option 1: Narrowband SSB and wideband SSB are discontinuous in the frequency direction.

[0093] Option 2: Narrowband SSB and wideband SSB are continuous in the frequency direction.

[0094] Option 1 above can mean either setting an interval / gap along the frequency direction between the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB, or it can mean not setting / transmitting a specific signal (e.g., synchronization signal / PBCH) between the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB.

[0095] Option 2 above can mean either not setting an interval / gap along the frequency direction between the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB, or it can mean setting / transmitting a specific signal (e.g., a synchronization signal / PBCH) between the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB.

[0096] Figure 2A as well as Figure 2B This is a diagram illustrating an example of option 1 above. In option 1 above, as... Figure 2A as well as Figure 2B As shown, the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are discontinuous in the frequency direction. Regarding the frequency configuration of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB, as follows... Figure 2A As shown, narrowband SSBs can also be set / transmitted at lower frequencies than wideband SSBs, and wideband SSBs can also be set / transmitted at higher frequencies than narrowband SSBs. Furthermore, as... Figure 2B As shown, narrowband SSBs can be set / transmitted at higher frequencies than wideband SSBs, and wideband SSBs can be set / transmitted at lower frequencies than narrowband SSBs.

[0097] Figure 3A as well as Figure 3B This is a diagram illustrating an example of option 2 above. In option 2 above, as... Figure 3A as well as Figure 3B As shown, the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are continuous in the frequency direction. Regarding the frequency configuration of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB, as follows... Figure 3AAs shown, narrowband SSBs can also be set / transmitted at lower frequencies than wideband SSBs, and wideband SSBs can also be set / transmitted at higher frequencies than narrowband SSBs. Furthermore, as... Figure 3B As shown, narrowband SSBs can be set / transmitted at higher frequencies than wideband SSBs, and wideband SSBs can be set / transmitted at lower frequencies than narrowband SSBs.

[0098] [Time Resources]

[0099] Narrowband SSBs and wideband SSBs can be set up / transmitted in the same time resources (which can be frequency division multiplexed (FDM)) or set up / transmitted in different time resources (which can be time division multiplexed (TDM))).

[0100] When narrowband domain SSB and wideband domain SSB are set / transmitted in different time resources, narrowband domain SSB and wideband domain SSB can either overlap in the frequency direction (which can be TDM) or not overlap (which can be TDM and FDM).

[0101] The size / length (e.g., number of symbols) of the time resources for narrowband SSBs and wideband SSBs can also be the same. In this case, it is no longer necessary to consider the size / length of the time resources based on whether the transmitted SSB is a narrowband or wideband SSB, thus reducing the processing load associated with SSB resource settings.

[0102] The size / length (e.g., number of symbols) of the time resources of narrowband SSB and wideband SSB can also differ. For example, the number of symbols in a narrowband SSB can be more than that in a wideband SSB. In this case, the resources of the narrowband SSB are increased, and therefore, the amount of information transmitted through the narrowband SSB can be increased.

[0103] According to the first embodiment described above, during the initial access process using both narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, the time / frequency resources of narrowband SSB and wideband SSB can be appropriately set.

[0104] <Second Implementation Method>

[0105] In the second embodiment, both the broadband domain terminal and the narrowband domain terminal continuously investigate the narrowband domain SSB during the initial access process.

[0106] Alternatively, a candidate synchronization grid (also known as a narrowband domain synchronization grid) can be specified as the center frequency of a narrowband domain SSB. In this case, both wideband and narrowband domain terminals can probe for SSBs configured in the narrowband domain synchronization grid. Furthermore, wideband and narrowband domain terminals may choose not to probe for SSBs not configured in the narrowband domain synchronization grid (or, it may not be intended to), as this is also possible. The narrowband domain synchronization grid can be the same as or different from the synchronization grid in existing specifications (e.g., 5G NR).

[0107] In addition to the narrowband domain synchronization grid, a candidate synchronization grid (also known as the wideband domain synchronization grid) can be specified as the center frequency of the wideband domain SSB.

[0108] The wideband synchronization grid can also be the same as the narrowband synchronization grid. In this case, instead of the narrowband and wideband synchronization grids, a common synchronization grid (also called a common synchronization grid) can be specified as a candidate for both the center frequency of the narrowband SSB and the center frequency of the wideband SSB.

[0109] Wideband synchronization grids and narrowband synchronization grids can also be specified separately. In other words, wideband synchronization grids can also be different from narrowband synchronization grids.

[0110] The broadband domain synchronization grid can be the same as or different from the existing synchronization grid.

[0111] Furthermore, when the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are continuous in the frequency direction, in addition to at least one of the narrowband domain synchronization grid, wideband domain synchronization grid and common synchronization grid mentioned above, a candidate synchronization grid (also called a composite synchronization grid) can be specified as the center frequency of the domain obtained by combining the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB (composite domain, the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB from the lowest frequency to the highest frequency).

[0112] Figures 4A-4C This is a diagram representing an example of a synchronization raster. In Figure 4A In this context, the narrowband domain synchronization grid and the wideband domain synchronization grid differ. The frequency orientation configuration of the narrowband domain SSB is determined so that its center frequency lies on the narrowband domain synchronization grid, while the frequency orientation configuration of the wideband domain SSB is determined so that its center frequency lies on the wideband domain synchronization grid. Figure 4B In this context, the frequency orientation configuration of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB is determined, ensuring that the center frequencies of both the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB lie on a common synchronization grid. Figure 4CIn this process, the frequency orientation configuration of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB is determined such that the center frequency of the combined bandwidth (the bandwidth W of the combined bandwidth of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB from the lowest frequency to the highest frequency) is located on the combined synchronization grid.

[0113] A broadband domain terminal can probe a broadband domain SSB after receiving a narrowband domain SSB. A narrowband domain terminal can choose not to probe a broadband domain SSB after receiving a narrowband domain SSB.

[0114] Wideband domain terminals can also identify / determine the time / frequency resources of wideband domain SSBs by receiving / detecting / decoding narrowband domain SSBs, and receive wideband domain SSBs in those time / frequency resources.

[0115] The relative positions (e.g., time offset / frequency offset) between narrowband SSBs and wideband SSBs can also be specified in the specification. A wideband terminal receiving a narrowband SSB can also identify / determine the time / frequency resources of the wideband SSB based on the time / frequency resources of the narrowband SSB and the relative position. For example, a wideband terminal receiving a narrowband SSB can also identify / determine the time position of the wideband SSB by adding a time offset to the time position of the narrowband SSB. Similarly, a wideband terminal receiving a narrowband SSB can also identify / determine the time position of the wideband SSB by adding a frequency offset to the frequency position of the narrowband SSB. In this disclosure, the time offset can also be a symbol offset, a time slot offset, etc. In this disclosure, the frequency offset can also be a resource block (RB) offset, a resource element (RE) offset, etc.

[0116] The relative positions (e.g., time offset / frequency offset) between each of the more than one transmission candidate resources of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB can also be specified in the specification. The wideband domain SSB can be transmitted either in a portion of the more than one transmission candidate resources or in all of the more than one transmission candidate resources. The wideband domain terminal that receives the narrowband domain SSB can also identify / determine more than one transmission candidate resource of the wideband domain SSB based on the time / frequency resource of the narrowband domain SSB and the relative position, and can also attempt to receive the wideband domain SSB in the more than one transmission candidate resource. For example, when two transmission candidate resources of the wideband domain SSB are set / specified for one narrowband domain SSB (e.g., transmission candidate resource X, transmission candidate resource Y), the wideband domain terminal that receives the narrowband domain SSB can also identify / determine the time position of the wideband domain SSB transmission candidate resource X by adding a time offset X to the time position of the narrowband domain SSB, and can also identify / determine the time position of the wideband domain SSB transmission candidate resource Y by adding a time offset Y to the time position of the narrowband domain SSB. Similarly, a wideband terminal receiving a narrowband SSB can identify / determine the frequency position of a candidate transmission resource X of the wideband SSB by adding a frequency offset X to the frequency position of the narrowband SSB, and can also identify / determine the frequency position of a candidate transmission resource Y of the wideband SSB by adding a frequency offset Y to the frequency position of the narrowband SSB. In this case, the wideband terminal can also attempt to receive the wideband SSB from both candidate transmission resources X and candidate transmission resources Y.

[0117] Alternatively, a narrowband domain SSB can be used to indicate / set the time / frequency resources of the wideband domain SSB to the wideband domain terminal. In this case, the narrowband domain SSB can also contain information related to the time / frequency resources of the wideband domain SSB. This information can be information indicating the relative position between the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB (e.g., time offset / frequency offset), or information indicating the absolute position of the wideband domain SSB (in other words, a specific time / frequency resource) (e.g., an index of a specific symbol / slot, an index of a specific RB / RE). The wideband domain terminal can also receive the wideband domain SSB within the time / frequency resources indicated by the narrowband domain SSB (or, it can be conceived as receiving the wideband domain SSB).

[0118] A broadband domain terminal can also receive a broadband domain SSB after receiving a narrowband domain SSB, thereby initiating an initial access process that utilizes the resources of the broadband domain. For example, a broadband domain terminal that receives a broadband domain SSB after receiving a narrowband domain SSB can also identify / determine the band of the broadband domain SSB as the band to be used in the initial access process (initial access band). Furthermore, the initial access band can be indicated / notified to the broadband domain terminal using at least one of the narrowband domain SSB and the broadband domain SSB.

[0119] When the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are continuous in the frequency direction, a wideband terminal that receives the wideband domain SSB after receiving the narrowband domain SSB can identify / determine the initial access band by combining the bands of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB.

[0120] When the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are discontinuous in the frequency direction, a wideband terminal that receives the wideband domain SSB after receiving the narrowband domain SSB can identify / determine the band containing both the narrowband and wideband domain SSB bands as the initial access band. In this case, the initial access band may contain at least one of the following: the interval between the narrowband and wideband domain SSBs, the gap, or the band of a specific signal; or it may not contain any of these.

[0121] Even if a terminal does not receive (or is unable to receive) a wideband SSB after receiving a narrowband SSB, it can still identify / determine the narrowband SSB's band as the initial access band.

[0122] According to the second embodiment described above, during the initial access process using both narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, the wideband terminal can appropriately receive both narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, and the narrowband terminal can appropriately receive narrowband SSB.

[0123] <Third Implementation Method>

[0124] In the third embodiment, during the initial access process, the broadband domain terminal probes either the narrowband domain SSB or the broadband domain SSB, while the narrowband domain terminal always probes the narrowband domain SSB.

[0125] Wideband domain terminals can also detect both narrowband domain SSBs and wideband domain SSBs. In this case, rules / constraints / priorities related to the reception of narrowband domain SSBs and wideband domain SSBs can also be specified.

[0126] For example, when the time-direction resources of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are different (or do not overlap) (e.g., when the starting symbols of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are different), the wideband domain terminal can also preferentially receive the SSB that is sent first between the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB.

[0127] When the resources in the time direction of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are the same (or overlap) (e.g., when the start symbols of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are the same), the wideband domain terminal can also receive at least one of the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB. When the wideband domain terminal only receives the narrowband domain SSB, similar to the second embodiment described above, it can also preferentially receive the wideband domain SSB associated with the narrowband domain SSB, or the wideband domain SSB indicated / notified through the narrowband domain SSB.

[0128] Alternatively, a broadband domain terminal can always probe the broadband domain SSB.

[0129] In the third embodiment, similar to the second embodiment described above, a common synchronization grid can be specified, or narrowband domain synchronization grids and wideband domain synchronization grids can be specified separately. Furthermore, in addition to at least one of the narrowband domain synchronization grid, wideband domain synchronization grid, and common synchronization grid, a composite synchronization grid can also be specified.

[0130] According to the third embodiment described above, during the initial access process using both narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, the wideband terminal can appropriately receive at least one narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, and the narrowband terminal can appropriately receive narrowband SSB.

[0131] <Fourth Implementation Method>

[0132] The fourth implementation involves a sequence of synchronization signals for the SSB.

[0133] The sequence of synchronization signals (e.g., PSS / SSS) in the narrowband domain SSB can also be associated with the sequence of synchronization signals (e.g., PSS / SSS) in the wideband domain SSB. The terminal can also obtain different sequences based on the frequency (e.g., synchronization grid) / bandwidth (e.g., maximum channel bandwidth) of the decoded synchronization signal.

[0134] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the sequence of synchronization signals for the SSB. In Figure 5In this context, the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB are continuous in the frequency direction, and their time resources are identical (overlapping). The synchronization signal sequence B of the wideband domain SSB can also be part of sequence A. The synchronization signal sequence C of the narrowband domain SSB can also be the part of sequence A other than sequence B. In other words, sequence A can be obtained by combining sequence C and sequence B. The length of sequence A can also be the number of resource elements (REs) of the mapped narrowband domain SSB synchronization signal and the wideband domain SSB synchronization signal. The length of sequence B can also be the number of REs of the mapped wideband domain SSB synchronization signal. The length of sequence C can also be the number of REs of the mapped narrowband domain SSB synchronization signal. The wideband domain terminal can either combine the narrowband domain SSB and the wideband domain SSB for decoding / detection / reception to obtain sequence A, or only decode / detect / receive the wideband domain SSB to obtain sequence B, or only decode the narrowband domain SSB to obtain sequence C. Narrowband-domain terminals can also decode / detect / receive narrowband-domain SSBs to obtain sequence C.

[0135] As a frequency capable of configuring SSB, at least one of the following can be specified: narrowband domain synchronization grid, wideband domain synchronization grid, common synchronization grid, and composite synchronization grid.

[0136] Narrowband SSBs can be configured at frequencies higher or lower than wideband SSBs.

[0137] Alternatively, a narrowband SSB can also be configured within a bandwidth / resource of a wideband SSB. In other words, a narrowband SSB can also be part of a wideband SSB, and a narrowband terminal can also receive a portion of a wideband SSB (the portion of the wideband SSB configured within a bandwidth supported by the narrowband terminal). In this case, the synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS) of the wideband SSB can also comprise multiple sequences. Each of the multiple sequences can also be a specific sequence (e.g., an M-sequence). One of the multiple sequences can also be a sequence of synchronization signals (e.g., PSS / SSS) of the narrowband SSB (part of the wideband SSB).

[0138] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the sequence of synchronization signals for the SSB. In Figure 6 In this configuration, the narrowband domain SSB (the portion of the wideband domain SSB that the narrowband domain terminal can receive) is configured within the bandwidth / resources of the wideband domain SSB. The wideband domain terminal can decode the wideband domain SSB to obtain sequence D, or it can decode the narrowband domain SSB (a portion of the wideband domain SSB) to obtain sequence E. Similarly, the narrowband domain terminal can decode the narrowband domain SSB to obtain sequence E.

[0139] According to the fourth embodiment described above, during the initial access process using both narrowband SSB and wideband SSB, the narrowband terminal and the wideband terminal can appropriately obtain the sequence.

[0140] <Fifth Implementation Method>

[0141] In the fifth embodiment, both the broadband domain terminal and the narrowband domain terminal only probe the narrowband domain SSB during the initial access process.

[0142] Narrowband SSBs have fewer frequency resources than wideband SSBs, and therefore their information capacity is limited. Therefore, at least one of the following implementation methods 5.1 to 5.4 can be specified by a standard.

[0143] [Implementation Method 5.1]

[0144] The narrowband domain SSB may also include at least one of the following: physical cell ID (PCI) and information transmitted via PBCH through existing specifications (e.g., MIB, RMSI (SIB1), OSI).

[0145] [Implementation Method 5.2]

[0146] Narrowband domain SSBs can also have larger / longer resources in the time direction than SSBs in existing specifications (e.g., 5G NR).

[0147] In addition to the existing synchronization signals (PSS / SSS), the narrowband domain SSB can also include more than one additional synchronization signal (e.g., TSS, QSS, etc.).

[0148] Furthermore, compared to the PBCH of existing specifications, the PBCH of the narrowband domain SSB can also have its resources extended in the time direction. For example, resources for the PBCH can be set after an additional synchronization signal.

[0149] [Implementation Method 5.3]

[0150] SIBs can also be used to notify broadband and narrowband domain terminals of specific information.

[0151] The specific information may also be at least one of the following: information required to determine the cell ID, information related to the frequency (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS)), and information related to the SSB index.

[0152] [Implementation Method 5.4]

[0153] The amount of information notified / configured via the narrowband domain SSB can also be limited. For example, for SIB1 using PDCCH / PDSCH, regulations can be made to make the configuration flexibility lower than existing specifications (e.g., 5G NR).

[0154] For example, the configuration information related to the SIB1 PDCCH that is notified via MIB can be limited. In other words, the configuration information can be set to not include specific information (e.g., the frequency granularity of the SIB1 PDCCH, the frequency offset between the narrowband domain SSB and the SIB1 PDCCH).

[0155] The number of candidate / time positions / indices for narrowband domain SSBs within a specific time period can also be less than in existing specifications. In other words, the number of bits used to notify the SSB index can also be less than in existing specifications. The specific time period can also be a half-frame or the transmission period of a narrowband domain SSB.

[0156] According to the fifth embodiment described above, the initial access process using only the narrowband domain SSB can be appropriately performed.

[0157] <Supplement>

[0158] [Information notification to UE]

[0159] In the above embodiments, any information (notification from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE) (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be delivered using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0160] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) that is not specified in the existing standard in the MAC subheader.

[0161] When the above notification is made through DCI, the notification can also be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used in the scrambling of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0162] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0163] [Notification from UE]

[0164] The notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0165] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in the existing standard.

[0166] In cases where the above notification is sent via UCI, the above notification may also be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0167] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0168] [Regarding the application of each implementation method]

[0169] At least one of the above-described implementation methods can also be applied under certain conditions. These specific conditions can be specified in the standard or communicated to the UE / BS using higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0170] At least one of the above-described implementation methods may also be applied only to UEs that have reported a specific UE capability or support that specific UE capability.

[0171] This specific UE capability can also represent at least one of the following:

[0172] • Supports specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments.

[0173] • Supports wideband domain SSB,

[0174] Only narrowband domain SSB is supported.

[0175] • Maximum bandwidth (maximum channel bandwidth). For example, the maximum bandwidth per FR.

[0176] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be capabilities that apply across all frequencies (frequency-independent and common), capabilities that apply to each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), capabilities that apply to each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1)), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities that apply to each subcarrier spacing (SCS) or capabilities that apply to each feature set (FS) or each feature set per component carrier (FSPC).

[0177] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either capabilities that apply to all duplex modes (commonly regardless of the duplex mode) or capabilities that apply to each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0178] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied when the UE is set / activated / triggered by specific information associated with the above-described embodiments (or performs the operations of the above-described embodiments) via higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling. For example, this specific information can also be any RRC parameter for a specific version (e.g., Rel.18 / 19).

[0179] The UE may also apply Rel.15 / 16 operations if it does not support at least one of the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities or if the above-mentioned specific information is not set.

[0180] (Postscript)

[0181] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[0182] [Postscript 1]

[0183] The terminal has:

[0184] The receiving unit receives at least the first synchronization signal block from a first synchronization signal block transmitted in a first bandwidth and a second synchronization signal block transmitted in a second bandwidth wider than the first bandwidth; and

[0185] The control unit controls the initial access process based at least on the first synchronization signal block.

[0186] [Postscript 2]

[0187] As described in Appendix 1, the receiving unit receives the second synchronization signal block in resources determined based on the first synchronization signal block.

[0188] [Postscript 3]

[0189] As described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, the receiving unit receives the first synchronization signal block on a grid common to both the first synchronization signal block and the second synchronization signal block.

[0190] [Postscript 4]

[0191] The terminal as described in any one of Annexes 1 to 3, wherein the control unit detects a sequence spanning the first synchronization signal block and the second synchronization signal block.

[0192] (Wireless communication system)

[0193] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0194] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (also referred to simply as System 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to achieve communication.

[0195] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0196] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0197] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0198] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0199] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0200] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0201] In addition, user terminal 20 can also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) to communicate in each CC.

[0202] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic cable based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0203] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0204] The core network 30 may also include, for example, user plane functions (UPF), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), unified data management (UDM), application functions (AF), data network (DN), location management functions (LMF), and network functions (NF) such as operation, administration and maintenance (OAM). Alternatively, multiple functions can be provided through a single network node. Furthermore, communication with external networks (e.g., the Internet) can also be achieved via the DN.

[0205] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0206] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0207] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be used in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0208] In the wireless communication system 1, the downlink channel can also be a shared downlink channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), or a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) shared by each user terminal 20.

[0209] In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel can also be the shared uplink channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), the uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), the random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) shared by each user terminal 20, etc.

[0210] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. In addition, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0211] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. This lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0212] Additionally, the DCI that schedules PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can be rewritten as DL data, and PUSCH can be rewritten as UL data.

[0213] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0214] A search space can also correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates equivalent to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", and "CORESET setting" in this disclosure can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0215] The PUCCH can also transmit uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) that includes at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ACK Knowledge (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). The PRACH can also transmit random access preambles used for establishing connections with the cell.

[0216] In addition, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., may be described without the word "link". Furthermore, various channels may be described without the word "physical".

[0217] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. In wireless communication system 1, DL-RS can also transmit cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS).

[0218] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. can also be called reference signals.

[0219] Furthermore, in wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals).

[0220] (Base station)

[0221] Figure 8This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[0222] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the base station 10 may also possess other functional blocks required for wireless communication. A portion of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0223] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0224] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0225] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0226] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0227] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0228] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0229] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0230] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0231] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0232] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0233] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, and demodulate the signals of the wireless frequency band received through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 into the baseband signal.

[0234] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, including analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to obtain user data.

[0235] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0236] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., the network node providing the NF), other base stations 10, etc., and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0237] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0238] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 may transmit a first synchronization signal block (e.g., narrowband domain SSB) in a first band domain and a second synchronization signal block (e.g., wideband domain SSB) in a second band domain that is wider than the first band domain.

[0239] The control unit 110 can also control the initial access process based at least on the first synchronization signal block.

[0240] (User terminal)

[0241] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, more than one of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be included.

[0242] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0243] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

[0244] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0245] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0246] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0247] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0248] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0249] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0250] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0251] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0252] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can be based on the transform precoding settings. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above for transmitting the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform; otherwise, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above for transmitting the channel without performing DFT processing.

[0253] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0254] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, demodulate, etc., the signals of the wireless frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0255] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to obtain user data.

[0256] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0257] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Additionally, CSI-IM can also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can be interchanged with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0258] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one transmitting / receiving unit 220 and transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0259] In addition, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive at least the first synchronization signal block from the first synchronization signal block transmitted in the first band domain (e.g., narrowband domain SSB) and the second synchronization signal block transmitted in the second band domain which is wider than the first band domain (e.g., wideband domain SSB).

[0260] The control unit 210 can also control the initial access process based at least on the first synchronization signal block.

[0261] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can also receive the second synchronization signal block in the resources determined based on the first synchronization signal block.

[0262] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive the first synchronization signal block on a grid (e.g., a common synchronization grid) that is common to both the first synchronization signal block and the second synchronization signal block.

[0263] The control unit 210 can also detect the sequence across the first synchronization signal block and the second synchronization signal block. This sequence can also be obtained by combining the sequence of the synchronization signals (e.g., PSS / SSS) of the first synchronization signal block and the sequence of the synchronization signals (e.g., PSS / SSS) of the second synchronization signal block.

[0264] (Hardware structure)

[0265] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0266] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of any of them is not particularly limited.

[0267] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 10This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0268] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit can be interchanged. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include any of the apparatuses.

[0269] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0270] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are implemented, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[0271] The processor 1001, for example, enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc., described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0272] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0273] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0274] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., compact disc ROM, CD-ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), stripe, database, server, or at least one other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0275] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmit / receive unit 120 (220) and transmit / receive antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmit / receive unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmit unit 120a (220a) and the receive unit 120b (220b).

[0276] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0277] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0278] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0279] (Variation example)

[0280] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be interchanged. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0281] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0282] Here, the parameter set can also be communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0283] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0284] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0285] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in this disclosure can be interchanged.

[0286] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe in existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but rather a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0287] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0288] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0289] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0290] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0291] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1 ms.

[0292] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0293] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0294] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0295] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0296] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0297] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0298] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the active BWPs. Furthermore, the terms "cell," "carrier," etc., in this disclosure can be rewritten as "BWP."

[0299] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0300] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0301] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0302] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0303] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0304] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0305] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0306] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0307] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification of “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0308] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0309] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, it should be broadly interpreted to refer to instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0310] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0311] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[0312] In this disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmit power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beamwidth”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, and “receiving entity” are used interchangeably.

[0313] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the antenna port can also be rewritten with an antenna port used for any signal / channel (e.g., a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, resources can also be rewritten with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Additionally, resources can also include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Moreover, the spatial domain transmission filter can also include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0314] The aforementioned groups may include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[0315] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0316] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be rewritten to each other.

[0317] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", and "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0318] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0319] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) can be interchanged. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" can also be interchanged with "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI states)," "one or more spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship can also be interchanged.

[0320] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where the terms macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to a base station.

[0321] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0322] In this disclosure, the information sent by the base station to the terminal can also be rewritten with the control / operation instructed by the base station to the terminal based on that information.

[0323] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[0324] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0325] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0326] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, loading shovels, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trolleys, rickshaws, ships (including vessels and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multi-rotor aircraft, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0327] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0328] Figure 11 This figure illustrates an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, a pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a gear shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0329] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar) and to perform directional control on at least one of the front wheel 46 and the rear wheel 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0330] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input into the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0331] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals from front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by speed sensor 51, air pressure signals from front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal 44 depress amount signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 56, shift lever 45 operation signals obtained by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0332] The information service unit 59 comprises various devices such as a vehicle navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0333] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that implement output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0334] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices used to provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) and Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via a communication module 60 and implements driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0335] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the structural elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) with the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and various sensors 50-58 in the drive unit 41, steering control unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and electronic control unit 49 of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[0336] The communication module 60 is controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or it can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0337] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the following to an external device: signals from the various sensors 50-58 described above that are input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on these signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted via the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the aforementioned input.

[0338] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic light information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it to the information service unit 59 provided by the vehicle. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received through the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH).

[0339] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. The microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and various sensors 50-58 of the vehicle 40 based on the information stored in the memory 62.

[0340] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to structures where communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be rewritten as terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be rewritten as sidelink channel.

[0341] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0342] In this disclosure, operations are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. Clearly, in a network containing one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0343] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timing sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, for the method described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which they are indicated is not limited.

[0344] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems derived from enhancements, modifications, creations, or specifications based on them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0345] As used in this disclosure, the term "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the term "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0346] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0347] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of operations. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (search, inquiry) (e.g., searching in a table, database or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0348] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0349] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". That is, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain operations as making a "judgment (decision)". In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" can also be rewritten in relation to the operations described above.

[0350] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can also be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assuming..." can also be interchanged with "assuming not...".

[0351] In this disclosure, "expect" can also be interchanged with "be expected." For example, "expect(s)..." (where "..." can also be expressed using a that clause, an infinitive to, etc.) can be interchanged with "be expected...". "Does not expect..." can also be interchanged with "be not expected...". Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected..." can also be interchanged with "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect..." (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0352] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0353] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” or all variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually “connected” or “coupled” elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” can also be rewritten as “access.”

[0354] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc. to be "connected" or "combined" with each other, and as several non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, to use electromagnetic energy with wavelengths having wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region to be "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0355] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other." Additionally, the term can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0356] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0357] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0358] In this disclosure, words such as "below," "less than," "above," "more than," and "equal to" can be interchanged. Furthermore, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," and "narrow" can be interchanged, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. Additionally, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "late," "wide," and "narrow" can also be interchanged as expressions accompanied by "i" (where i is any integer), not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees (e.g., "highest" can also be interchanged with "i-th highest").

[0359] In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", etc., can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0360] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, A and B can be appropriately replaced with nouns, gerunds, or other suitable expressions depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be approximately 0 (immediately following or immediately preceding). Moreover, a time offset can be applied to the time A occurs. For example, "A" can also be rewritten interchangeably with "before / after the time offset of A". This time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on the information it is notified of.

[0361] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, subframe), period, opportunity, resource, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0362] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The receiving unit receives at least the first synchronization signal block from a first synchronization signal block transmitted in a first bandwidth and a second synchronization signal block transmitted in a second bandwidth wider than the first bandwidth; and The control unit controls the initial access process based at least on the first synchronization signal block.

2. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives the second synchronization signal block from the resources determined based on the first synchronization signal block.

3. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives the first synchronization signal block on a grid common to both the first synchronization signal block and the second synchronization signal block.

4. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The control unit detects the sequence across the first synchronization signal block and the second synchronization signal block.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The steps of receiving at least the first synchronization signal block from a first synchronization signal block transmitted in a first band domain and a second synchronization signal block transmitted in a second band domain wider than the first band domain; and At least the steps of controlling the initial access process based on the first synchronization signal block.

6. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit transmits a first synchronization signal block in a first bandwidth and a second synchronization signal block in a second bandwidth that is wider than the first bandwidth; and The control unit controls the initial access process based at least on the first synchronization signal block.

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