Automatic enrichment device for a gold sluice

Abstract

This invention provides an automatic gold enrichment device for placer gold flow channels, belonging to the field of mining machinery technology. The device includes a support mechanism, a posture adjustment mechanism, a feeding mechanism, and multi-stage enrichment units. The feeding mechanism is mounted on the support mechanism, and a gold-adhesive conveyor belt is installed in a counter-rotating manner within its feeding trough. The multi-stage enrichment units are arranged sequentially along the slurry flow direction, including a material distribution mechanism, a vortex generating mechanism, a vibration settling mechanism, and an automatic material collection mechanism. This invention achieves continuous enrichment and automatic material collection without stopping the machine by coordinating the counter-rotating gold-adhesive conveyor belt with the automatic material collection mechanism, avoiding production interruptions and manual cleaning. The combination of the vortex generating mechanism to extend the residence time of fine gold particles and the vibration settling mechanism to prevent mud and sand caking and enhance fluidized settling reduces the risk of secondary gold particle loss, improves the efficiency and stability of fine gold recovery, and is suitable for continuous and efficient placer gold enrichment operations under different working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery technology, and in particular to an automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a gold flume. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of placer gold mining, sluices are widely used gravity separation equipment. They utilize the difference in specific gravity between gold and other minerals to achieve the sedimentation and enrichment of gold particles by the flow of slurry on an inclined trough surface. However, existing sluice technology has a significant drawback: the efficiency of the "gold particle collection-enrichment" process in existing sluice equipment is highly dependent on manual intervention and cannot be continuous, resulting in unstable recovery efficiency and low automation.

[0003] Specifically, in traditional sluices or improved sluices using fixed gold-adhering blankets, settled gold particles are captured at the bottom of the blankets and other components during operation. To collect these concentrated gold concentrates, the equipment must be shut down and manually cleaned. This periodic manual cleaning not only disrupts production continuity and severely impacts overall processing efficiency, but also incurs high labor costs and safety risks in remote and harsh working environments. Furthermore, during the period between equipment restart and the next cleaning cycle, settled but not collected gold particles, especially those from the gold-adhering blankets that have not been cleaned for extended periods, are prone to caking and compaction. The fine gold particles are highly susceptible to secondary loss under continuous slurry erosion, leading to a decrease in gold recovery rate. Therefore, how to achieve efficient and reliable collection of concentrated gold particles from placer gold sluices while maintaining continuous operation without shutdown has become a key technical challenge that urgently needs to be addressed. Solving this problem is crucial for improving the automation level, stability, and economic efficiency of placer gold recovery processes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide an automatic gold-collecting device for a gold-collecting channel to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: an automatic gold-collecting device for a gold-collecting channel, comprising: Bracket mechanism; An attitude adjustment mechanism, connecting the bracket mechanism and the main body equipment, is used to adjust the horizontal swing angle of the bracket mechanism; The feeding mechanism, which is set on the bracket mechanism, includes at least one feeding trough and a gold-adhesive conveyor belt rotatably set in the feeding trough. The gold-adhesive conveyor belt rotates in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the slurry, and is used to intercept and temporarily retain gold particles in reverse during the conveying process. A multi-stage enrichment unit, which is sequentially arranged on the feed trough along the slurry flow direction, includes: A material spreading mechanism is located upstream of the gold bonding conveyor belt and is used to evenly spread the slurry onto the surface of the gold bonding conveyor belt. The eddy current generating mechanism is suspended above the gold-bonding conveyor belt and is used to generate local eddies when the slurry flows through, causing fine gold particles to detach from the suspension and settle. A vibration settling mechanism is installed below the gold-bonding conveyor belt to accelerate the settling rate of heavy mineral particles in the slurry through high-frequency vibration and temporarily retain them at the bottom of the gold-bonding conveyor belt. An automatic material collection mechanism is located at the upstream end of the gold-bonding conveyor belt and is used to collect the gold concentrate enriched at the bottom of the gold-bonding conveyor belt during continuous operation of the equipment.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention, by setting up a reverse-rotating gold-adhesive conveyor belt and an automatic material collection mechanism to work together, can periodically collect the gold concentrate enriched on the surface of the conveyor belt while the equipment is running continuously, without the need for manual cleaning. This overcomes the production interruption problems caused by frequent shutdowns and manual cleaning required by traditional sluices, significantly improving production continuity and operational efficiency, and reducing labor costs and safety risks.

[0007] This invention incorporates a vibratory settling mechanism beneath the gold-bearing conveyor belt. High-frequency vibration induces a fluidization effect in the slurry layer, accelerating the settling of heavy mineral particles and compacting the enriched layer. This reduces the risk of settled gold particles being washed away by subsequent slurry scouring. Simultaneously, an eddy current generation mechanism induces localized eddies through an asymmetric arc-shaped flow channel, extending the residence time of fine gold particles in the settling area. This effectively solves the problem of fine gold particles being easily washed away by slurry in traditional sluices, improving the stability of recovery efficiency. Furthermore, this invention, through the coordinated action of an attitude adjustment mechanism and a support mechanism, can precisely adjust the horizontal swing angle and longitudinal tilt angle. Combined with an electronic control system that automatically adjusts the vibration frequency, jet interval, and spatial attitude, the equipment can dynamically adapt to different slurry characteristics and operating conditions. This overcomes the limitations of traditional sluices with fixed attitudes, making them difficult to adapt to changing working conditions, and broadens the applicability of the equipment.

[0008] The present invention sequentially sets up a material distribution mechanism, a vortex generation mechanism, a vibration settling mechanism and an automatic material collection mechanism along the slurry flow direction, forming a multi-stage enrichment link of uniform material distribution - vortex deceleration - vibration settling - automatic collection. The mechanisms work together in time and space to achieve efficient collection and centralized recovery of fine gold particles and capillary gold, significantly improving the overall enrichment efficiency and recovery accuracy.

[0009] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in use of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in use of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a top view of the bracket mechanism and attitude adjustment mechanism in this invention. Figure 4 This is a side view of the bracket mechanism and attitude adjustment mechanism in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention from a side view. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a top-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention from a side view. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric-making mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a side view of the fabric-making mechanism in this invention.

[0012] Figure label: 1. Bracket mechanism; 11. Bracket body; 12. Telescopic cylinder; 2. Attitude adjustment mechanism; 21. Connecting frame; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Drive motor; 24. Leveling gear; 3. Main equipment; 4. Feeding mechanism; 41. Feed chute; 42. Gold bonding conveyor belt; 5. Fabric feeding mechanism; 51. Fabric feeder; 52. Capillary gold filter screen plate; 53. Guide plate; 6. Eddy current generating mechanism; 7. Vibration settling mechanism; 71. Vibration support plate; 72. Vibration motor; 8. Automatic material receiving mechanism; 81. Collection box; 82. Nozzle assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0013] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0014] It is important to note that terms such as "first," "second," "symmetric," and "array" are used only to distinguish between descriptive and positional descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified with terms such as "first" or "symmetric" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited by words such as "two" or "three," it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," and "fixation" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, a welding connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the accompanying drawings and specific circumstances.

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] This invention provides an automatic gold-collecting device for a gold-collecting channel, which can be referred to as follows. Figures 1-2 The system includes a support mechanism 1, a posture adjustment mechanism 2, a feeding mechanism 4, and a multi-stage enrichment unit. The support mechanism 1 serves as the mounting base for all operating units, bearing the overall structural load and allowing for stepless adjustment of the longitudinal tilt angle, suitable for different slurry flow rates and particle sizes. The posture adjustment mechanism 2 connects the support mechanism 1 and the main equipment 3, adjusting the horizontal swing angle of the support mechanism 1 to accommodate the installation angle of the main equipment 3. The feeding mechanism 4 is mounted on the support mechanism 1 and includes at least one feeding trough 41 and a gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 rotatably mounted within the feeding trough 41. The gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 rotates in the opposite direction to the slurry flow, intercepting and temporarily retaining gold particles during transport. The feeding mechanism 4 acts as a slurry flow channel, simultaneously using the counter-rotating gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 to initially intercept and temporarily retain gold particles.

[0017] The multi-stage enrichment unit is arranged sequentially on the feed trough 41 along the slurry flow direction, including a material distribution mechanism 5, a vortex generating mechanism 6, a vibration settling mechanism 7, and an automatic material collection mechanism 8. The feeding mechanism 5 is located upstream of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 to evenly distribute the slurry onto the surface of the conveyor belt 42. Simultaneously, the feeding mechanism 5 screens fine gold (micro-particles). As the fine gold passes through the perforated screen plate 52, it is screened out along with the slurry and falls onto the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. Due to the small water leakage flow at this screen opening, the fine gold easily settles here, reducing the risk of secondary loss. The eddy current generating mechanism 6 is suspended above the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 to generate local eddies as the slurry flows, causing fine gold particles to detach from suspension and settle. The vibrating settling mechanism 7 is located below the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 to accelerate the settling rate of heavy mineral particles in the slurry through high-frequency vibration and temporarily retain them at the bottom of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. The automatic collection mechanism 8 is located at the upstream end of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 to collect the gold concentrate enriched at the bottom of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 during continuous operation.

[0018] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 3-4 The attitude adjustment mechanism 2 includes a connecting frame 21, a drive motor 23, and a leveling gear 24. The connecting frame 21 is rotatably connected to the main device 3 via a rotating shaft 22. The connecting frame 21 serves as an intermediate connector between the support mechanism 1 and the main device 3, transmitting the overall load to the main device 3 and acting as a follower component during horizontal swing angle adjustment. The rotating shaft 22 provides the rotation center of the connecting frame 21 relative to the main device 3, allowing the connecting frame 21 to swing horizontally around the axis of the rotating shaft 21. The drive motor 23 is fixedly mounted on the main device 3, serving as the power source for horizontal swing angle adjustment and providing controllable driving torque. The leveling gear 24 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 22 and meshes with the output shaft of the drive motor 23; it transmits the rotational motion of the drive motor 23 to the rotating shaft 22, thereby adjusting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 22.

[0019] The drive motor 23 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the connecting frame 21 to rotate through the leveling gear 24, so as to adjust the horizontal swing angle of the bracket mechanism 1.

[0020] In practice, after the drive motor 23 starts, its output shaft rotates, transmitting torque to the rotating shaft 22 through the meshing leveling gear 24. Under the action of torque, the rotating shaft 22 drives the connecting frame 21 to rotate around its axis in the horizontal plane. Since the connecting frame 21 is connected to the bracket mechanism 1, the bracket mechanism 1 rotates synchronously with the connecting frame 21, thereby realizing the adjustment of the horizontal swing angle.

[0021] This adjustment process can be performed while the equipment is running. By controlling the direction and rotation angle of the drive motor 23, continuous and precise adjustment of the horizontal swing angle can be achieved. After the adjustment is in place, the mechanical self-locking characteristic of the gear meshing pair keeps the rotating shaft 22 and the connecting frame 21 in their current position without the need for an additional braking device.

[0022] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 3-4 The bracket mechanism 1 includes a bracket body 11 and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 12. Among them, The bracket body 11 is set along the slurry flow direction, and its rear end is hinged to the connecting frame 21 to form a connection point that can rotate relative to each other. At the same time, it serves as the long span load-bearing structure of the device and is used to install all operating units such as the feeding mechanism 4, the multi-stage enrichment unit and the automatic receiving mechanism 8. While maintaining the relative positional accuracy of each unit in the slurry flow direction, the rear hinge design allows the front end to be freely raised or lowered to achieve tilt angle adjustment.

[0023] Two telescopic cylinders 12 are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bracket body 11. The fixed end of each telescopic cylinder 12 is hinged to the upper part of the corresponding end of the connecting frame 21, and its telescopic end is hinged to the corresponding side of the bracket body 11. The telescopic cylinders 12 serve as the power actuators for longitudinal tilt angle adjustment. Their symmetrical arrangement ensures that the bracket body 11 is subjected to uniform force during tilt angle adjustment. Simultaneously, the telescopic movement drives the bracket body 11 to rotate around the hinge point, thus achieving tilt angle changes. Specifically, The telescopic cylinder 12 drives the bracket body 11 to rotate around the hinge point to adjust the longitudinal tilt angle of the bracket body 11 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0024] In practice, when it is necessary to adjust the longitudinal tilt angle of the bracket body 11 relative to the horizontal plane, the two telescopic cylinders 12 operate synchronously. If the telescopic cylinder 12 extends, the telescopic end pushes the front end of the bracket body 11 downward, and the bracket body 11 rotates downward around the hinge point between its rear end and the connecting frame 21, so that the front end of the bracket body is lower than the rear end, forming a downward slope. If the telescopic cylinder 12 retracts, the telescopic end pulls the front end of the bracket body 11 upward, and the bracket body rotates upward around the hinge point, forming an upward slope.

[0025] During adjustment, both the fixed and telescopic ends of the telescopic cylinder 12 are hinged, which can automatically adapt to changes in the angle and position of the hinge point during the rotation of the bracket body 11, ensuring that the telescopic cylinder 12 is always subjected to force along its axial direction and is not affected by lateral forces. The two telescopic cylinders 12 are symmetrically arranged and operate synchronously, ensuring that the bracket body 11 does not twist in the width direction, so that each working unit installed on it always maintains a lateral posture.

[0026] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 5-7The feeding mechanism 4 includes a feeding trough 41 and a gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. Two feeding troughs 41 are provided, arranged parallel to each other on the bracket body 11 and extending along the direction of slurry flow. They serve as channels for slurry flow, constraining and guiding the slurry to prevent it from overflowing to either side during flow, ensuring that the slurry flows along a predetermined path across the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. They also provide installation space for the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42.

[0027] Furthermore, the use of two parallel feed troughs 41 increases the equipment's processing capacity, and even if a blockage or malfunction occurs on one side, the other side can continue to operate.

[0028] Two gold-binding conveyor belts 42 are provided, each rotatably mounted in a corresponding feed trough 41, and the rotation direction of both conveyor belts 42 is opposite to the flow direction of the slurry. Specifically, the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 is an annular composite nylon gold-binding carpet-skirted conveyor belt, with a fluffy structure on its surface for capturing fine and fine gold particles, and skirts on both sides to prevent slurry leakage. In the enrichment stage, the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 acts as a static capture carrier for fine gold particles, capturing fine and fine gold particles in the slurry through physical interception and surface adsorption of the fluffy layer. In the collection stage, the reverse rotation of the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 transports the gold concentrate temporarily retained at the bottom of the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 upstream to the automatic collection mechanism 8.

[0029] During implementation, in the enrichment stage: the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 is stationary.

[0030] After being evenly distributed by the upstream material distribution mechanism 5, the slurry enters the feed trough 41 and covers the upper surface of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42. The side skirts cooperate with the side walls of the feed trough 41 to effectively constrain the slurry within the width of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42. Fine gold particles and capillary gold in the slurry tend to settle under gravity, while being physically intercepted by the fluffy structure on the surface of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42, embedded in the fluff gaps and temporarily retained at the bottom of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42.

[0031] This stage continues, allowing gold particles to gradually accumulate in the fluffy structure, forming a rich layer. During this process, the automatic collection mechanism 8 remains stationary.

[0032] Material collection stage: After the enrichment stage is completed, the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 rotates (in the opposite direction to the slurry flow), transporting the enriched area on the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 to the upstream end where the automatic material collection mechanism 8 is located.

[0033] At the same time, the automatic material receiving mechanism 8 starts according to the preset sequence, sprays high-pressure water jets, and washes the gold concentrate temporarily stored on the conveyor belt away from the fluffy structure and falls into the collection box 81.

[0034] After the material collection is completed, the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 stops operating, returns to a stationary state, and enters the next enrichment stage, forming a periodic cycle of enrichment-collection-enrichment.

[0035] The two feed troughs 41 can execute the above timing sequence independently, which can simultaneously carry out enrichment and material collection, or stagger the timing sequence so that one channel is in the enrichment stage while the other channel is collecting material, thus achieving continuous operation.

[0036] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 , Figures 8-9 The material distribution mechanism 5 includes a material distributor 51, a capillary gold filter screen 52, and a guide plate 53. Two material distributors 51 are provided, respectively located upstream of the feed trough 41 and above the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. Specifically, the material distributor 51 is a trough structure with a slurry inlet and outlet. Its bottom is horizontal or slightly inclined, and the outlet extends along the width of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42, receiving the slurry from the main equipment 3, initially distributing and guiding it to the capillary gold filter screen 52. Utilizing the flow path of the slurry within the material distributor 51, the heavier fine gold particles settle and concentrate along the bottom wall during the flow, achieving preliminary gravity classification and creating favorable conditions for subsequent enrichment. Two capillary gold filter screens 52 are provided, respectively located at the outlet end of the corresponding distributor 51. The capillary gold filter screen 52 is a plate-shaped structure with a certain aperture, the aperture size of which is set according to the particle size characteristics of the slurry. The bottom of the screen forms a gap with the guide plate 53, allowing placer gold particles in the slurry to pass through the screen holes and fall directly into the corresponding area of ​​the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 to achieve pre-enrichment.

[0037] Two guide plates 53 are provided, each inclinedly positioned below the corresponding capillary gold filter screen 52, forming a predetermined gap with it. The guide plates 53 are flat plate structures with a certain angle of inclination, the direction of which is consistent with the direction of slurry flow. The gap between the guide plates 53 and the capillary gold filter screen 52, along with the inclination direction of the guide plates 53, work together to block the path of reverse flow of the slurry along the bottom of the capillary gold filter screen 52, ensuring unidirectional flow of the slurry.

[0038] During implementation, after the slurry enters the distributor 51 from the main equipment 3, it is dispersed along the width of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 inside the distributor 51, forming a preliminary uniform distribution. During the flow process, due to gravity, the heavier fine gold particles gradually settle towards the bottom wall of the distributor 51, forming a high-concentration fine gold layer along the bottom wall. When the capillary gold passes through the perforated plate 52, it is screened out with the slurry and falls onto the surface of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42. The leakage flow rate of the perforated plate is small here, and the capillary gold easily settles here.

[0039] When the slurry flows to the capillary gold filter screen 52 at the outlet end of the distributor 51, solid-liquid separation occurs: Coarse impurities are trapped above the screen plate and continue to flow as they are washed away by the slurry.

[0040] The high-concentration fine gold layer flowing along the bottom wall of the distributor 51 is at the bottom of the slurry. It contacts the capillary gold filter screen 52 and falls directly to the corresponding area of ​​the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 below through the screen holes, thus achieving pre-enrichment.

[0041] The slurry passing through the capillary gold filter screen 52 continues to flow along the feed trough 41 and spreads further along the width direction during the flow. The inclination direction of the guide plate 53 is consistent with the flow direction of the slurry, which can effectively prevent the slurry from flowing back along the bottom of the capillary gold filter screen 52 and avoid the fine gold that has passed through the screen being carried away by the slurry again.

[0042] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The vibratory settling mechanism 7 includes a vibratory support plate 71 and a vibratory motor 72. The vibratory support plate 71 is floatingly supported at both ends by springs 73 within the inner center of the feed trough 41, and its upper surface is in dynamic contact with the lower surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. Specifically, the vibratory support plate 71 has a flat plate structure and extends along the width of the feed trough, its length covering the effective working area of ​​the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. As a medium for transmitting vibrational energy, the vibratory support plate 71 uniformly transmits the mechanical vibration generated by the vibratory motor to the gold-bonding conveyor belt. Through its own vibration, it causes a fluidization effect in the slurry layer on the surface of the conveyor belt, accelerating the settling of heavy minerals and effectively preventing the sand layer on the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt from hardening, which is beneficial for the settling and enrichment of heavy mineral components.

[0043] The vibratory motor 72 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the vibratory pallet 71; it serves as the power source for the vibratory settling mechanism, generating high-frequency mechanical vibration to drive the vibratory pallet and the gold-bonded conveyor belt in contact with it to vibrate synchronously.

[0044] Among them, the vibrating motor 72 drives the vibrating pallet 71 to generate high-frequency vibration, which is transmitted to the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 through contact, causing the slurry layer on its surface to produce a fluidized sedimentation effect.

[0045] During implementation, after the vibration motor 72 is started, it drives the vibration plate 71 to generate high-frequency vibration. Since both ends are floatingly supported on the feed trough 41 by springs 73, the vibration plate 71 can freely reciprocate up and down.

[0046] The upper surface of the vibrating pallet 71 maintains dynamic contact with the lower surface of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42, and the vibration of the vibrating pallet 71 is directly transmitted to the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 through the contact surface. Under the action of vibration, the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 generates high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration synchronized with the vibrating pallet 71. Since the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 is a flexible annular belt, the vibration propagates uniformly along the width direction of the conveyor belt, so that the slurry layer on the surface of the conveyor belt is in a state of vibration as a whole.

[0047] When the slurry layer is subjected to high-frequency vibration, relative motion occurs between the solid particles and the liquid medium in the slurry, and the slurry layer becomes fluidized. Under this state, the internal friction between the solid particles decreases, and heavy mineral particles (such as placer gold) overcome suspension resistance and settle rapidly under the action of gravity, passing through the slurry layer to reach the bottom layer of the gold-binding conveyor belt 42, where they are captured and temporarily retained by the villous structure on the surface of the gold-binding conveyor belt 42.

[0048] The continuous vibration intensifies the settling process, enabling fine-grained gold and capillary gold particles that are difficult to settle to acquire effective settling momentum under the fluidization effect, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of fine-grained gold. At the same time, the vibration promotes the discharge of air bubbles and the rearrangement of particles in the slurry, making the settling layer more compact and reducing the risk of it being washed away by subsequent slurry.

[0049] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The vortex generating mechanism 6 is a Tesla valve-type guide plate with multiple asymmetric arc-shaped flow channels inside. These channels guide the slurry to form localized vortices, extending the residence time of fine gold particles within the settling area. Specifically, the vortex generating mechanism 6 extends along the width of the feed trough 41, covering the effective working width of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt. Its guide plate body contains multiple parallel flow channels, each with an asymmetric arc structure. These channels extend along the slurry flow direction, with their inlet facing the incoming slurry flow direction and their outlet facing downstream of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42. When the slurry flows through the channels, the curved geometry forces the fluid to change direction. In the arc section, the fluid velocity is higher near the inner side of the arc and lower on the outer side, creating a velocity gradient that induces localized vortices. The asymmetric arrangement of the channels further enhances this velocity gradient, making the vortices more pronounced.

[0050] The generation of eddies lengthens the actual flow path of the slurry within the channel, while the fluid within the eddy region circulates, slowing the downward flow velocity of the bulk slurry. Simultaneously, under the influence of the eddies, a separation effect occurs between light and heavy components in the slurry. Fine gold particles, due to their higher specific gravity, tend to move towards the outer edge of the eddy or the downward direction under the centrifugal force of the eddies, increasing the probability of contact with the surface of the gold-adhering conveyor belt; furthermore, the extended residence time provides a more sufficient settling window for the fine gold particles.

[0051] In addition, the asymmetric arc-shaped flow channel disrupts the original laminar flow state of the slurry, causing the slurry to exhibit a turbulent or transitional flow state. This flow state is conducive to the collision and aggregation between particles, promoting the coalescence and sedimentation of fine gold particles.

[0052] During implementation, the slurry is evenly distributed by the material distribution mechanism 5 and flows downstream along the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. When the slurry flows through the vortex generating mechanism 6, it enters the asymmetric arc-shaped flow channel inside the guide plate.

[0053] At the inlet of the channel, the slurry is constrained by the channel geometry, transforming from free surface flow to constrained channel flow. As the slurry enters the curved section, the fluid is forced to change direction due to the channel's curvature. The asymmetric structure results in different radii of curvature on both sides of the channel, leading to a significant velocity gradient within the channel: higher velocity on the inner side and lower velocity on the outer side, inducing the formation of local vortices. Within the vortex region, the fluid exhibits rotational motion, and solid particles in the slurry are subjected to both centrifugal force and gravity under the influence of the vortex. Due to their higher specific gravity, fine gold particles gradually move towards the outer edge of the vortex and eventually detach from the vortex region, settling downwards and falling to the bottom layer of the gold-containing conveyor belt.

[0054] Meanwhile, the presence of eddies lengthens the actual flow path of the slurry within the channel. Combined with the circulating flow in the eddy region, the residence time of the slurry bulk within the eddy zone is significantly longer than in straight-line flow. This extended residence time provides more sufficient settling time for fine gold particles.

[0055] In this embodiment, the eddy current generating mechanism 6 and the vibration settling mechanism 7 operate synchronously and collaboratively. That is, throughout the entire process of the slurry flowing through the enhanced settling section, the eddy current generating mechanism 6 and the vibration settling mechanism 7 are simultaneously in operation, applying forces to the same slurry layer from above and below within the same time window. The eddy current generating mechanism 6 induces local eddies to prolong the residence time of fine gold particles and promote their desuspension, while the vibration settling mechanism 7 accelerates the downward settling of the desuspension particles through high-frequency vibration. The two mechanisms work together in a spatially sandwiched manner and temporally in a continuously coupled manner, constituting a composite enhanced settling mechanism of eddy current delay and vibration-promoted settling.

[0056] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 The automatic material receiving mechanism 8 is an intermittent rotating jet automatic material receiving device, including a collection box 81 and a nozzle assembly 82. The collection box 81 is fixedly installed at the upstream end of the feed chute 41 and located below the distributor 51. Specifically, the collection box 81 has a box structure with an opening facing the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42, forming an internal receiving space, and a discharge port at the bottom for discharging gold concentrate. It serves as a centralized collection container for gold concentrate, receiving the enriched material washed down by the high-pressure water jet.

[0057] The nozzle assembly 82 is fixedly installed inside the collection box 81, and its water spray direction is towards the surface of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42. The nozzle assembly 82 is an array of multiple nozzles, which is fixedly installed inside the collection box 81. By generating high-pressure water flow, it washes and strips the gold concentrate enriched on the surface of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt.

[0058] Among them, the nozzle group 82 sprays high-pressure water at preset time intervals to wash the gold concentrate enriched on the surface of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 into the collection box 81.

[0059] During implementation, in the enrichment stage, the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 remains stationary, the nozzle group 82 stops working, the slurry flows over the surface of the gold-binding conveyor belt 42, and fine gold particles and capillary gold are captured and temporarily retained by the villous structure, gradually forming an enrichment layer at the bottom of the gold-binding conveyor belt 42.

[0060] Once the enrichment stage reaches the preset time, the material collection stage begins. The gold-binding conveyor belt 42 starts (operating in the opposite direction to the slurry flow), transporting the gold concentrate enriched at the bottom upstream to the working area of ​​the automatic material collection mechanism 8.

[0061] During the material collection stage, the nozzle assembly 82 is activated at preset time intervals, and high-pressure water jets are sprayed onto the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 through the nozzle array. The high-pressure jet impacts the surface of the conveyor belt at a certain angle, and its impact force washes away the gold concentrate particles embedded in the gaps of the fluffy structure. The washed-off gold concentrate falls into the collection box 81 under the thrust of the jet and gravity. The sidewall of the collection box 81 effectively restrains the splashed slurry, preventing the gold concentrate from scattering to the outside.

[0062] The spraying duration of the nozzle assembly 82 is coordinated with the reverse rotation speed of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 to ensure that the enriched layer at the bottom of the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 is completely washed away when passing through the receiving area. After receiving, the nozzle assembly 82 stops spraying, the gold bonding conveyor belt 42 stops rotating, the system returns to the enrichment stage, and enters the next cycle.

[0063] In this embodiment, the switching between the enrichment stage and the receiving stage is automatically executed by the electronic control system according to preset logic. The switching logic includes, but is not limited to, the following methods: Timed switching: The electronic control system is equipped with an enrichment timer. When the duration of the enrichment stage reaches the preset enrichment period (such as 30 minutes, 60 minutes, etc.), the system automatically switches to the receiving stage. After the receiving stage is completed, the system automatically resets the timer and re-enters the enrichment stage.

[0064] Condition switching: A material level sensor or enrichment layer thickness detection device is installed in the feed trough 41. When the gold concentrate enriched on the surface of the gold-adhering conveyor belt 42 is detected to reach the set threshold, the electrical control system triggers the material receiving stage. During the material receiving process, the system monitors the scouring effect in real time. After the enrichment layer thickness drops to the set lower limit, the material receiving stage ends and switches back to the enrichment stage.

[0065] Hybrid switching: The system uses timed switching as the main logic, while introducing conditional switching as an auxiliary mechanism. When the enrichment cycle has not ended but the enrichment layer reaches the threshold in advance, the system can trigger the receiving stage in advance to achieve adaptive adjustment.

[0066] As one implementation of this embodiment, an electronic control system is also included, which is signal-connected to the vibration settling mechanism 7, the automatic material collection mechanism 8, and the attitude adjustment mechanism 2, respectively, for adjusting the vibration frequency, jet interval, and spatial attitude angle. Specifically, the electronic control system consists of a controller unit and an execution unit, which are signal-connected to the vibration settling mechanism 7, the automatic material collection mechanism 8, and the attitude adjustment mechanism 2, respectively. The controller employs an embedded control system with built-in control algorithms and operating logic, and has multiple signal output channels. As the decision-making core of the electronic control system, it is responsible for receiving external inputs (such as operation instructions or preset parameters), performing calculations and decisions according to predetermined logic, and outputting control instructions to each execution unit. The execution unit includes a vibration motor controller connected to the vibration settling mechanism 7, a solenoid valve connected to the automatic material collection mechanism 8, a motor driver connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism 2, and a hydraulic valve group connected to the bracket mechanism 1. As the execution layer of the electronic control system, it receives controller instructions, converts control signals into driving energy, and achieves precise driving of each execution mechanism.

[0067] During implementation, in the enrichment stage: the electrical control system keeps the vibratory settling mechanism 7 in working condition, the automatic material receiving mechanism 8 in standby condition, and the attitude adjustment mechanism 2 and the bracket mechanism 1 maintain their current set attitude.

[0068] Once the enrichment stage reaches the preset time, the electronic control system switches to the material collection stage, controlling the automatic material collection mechanism 8 to start spraying. At the same time, the vibration settling mechanism 7 can continue to run or pause according to the settings.

[0069] In its specific implementation, this invention enables the efficient capture and automatic collection of fine-grained gold and capillary gold in slurry through multi-level collaborative operation.

[0070] 1) Overall machine basic adjustment: Before starting the equipment or during operation, the optimal working posture is first set for subsequent enrichment operations through bracket mechanism 1 and posture adjustment mechanism 2.

[0071] Longitudinal tilt angle adjustment: The telescopic cylinder 12 serves as a power source, driving the bracket body 11 to rotate around the hinge point between its rear end and the connecting frame 21 through synchronous telescopic movements. When the telescopic cylinder 12 extends, the front end of the bracket body 11 lowers, forming a downward slope angle, which is suitable for scenarios with slow slurry flow rates or coarse particle sizes; when retracted, the front end rises, which can adjust the elevation angle of the bracket body 11, thereby slowing down the slurry flow rate and adapting to fine-grained slurries.

[0072] Horizontal sway adjustment: When the main equipment 3 has an installation misalignment, the drive motor 23 starts and transmits torque to the rotating shaft 22 through the meshing leveling gear 24. The rotating shaft 22 drives the connecting frame 21 to rotate in the horizontal plane. Since the connecting frame 21 is connected to the bracket body 11, the whole machine is finally aligned with the discharge direction of the main equipment 3 in the horizontal direction, ensuring that the slurry flows accurately into the feeding mechanism 4.

[0073] 2) Slurry pretreatment and preliminary enrichment: After attitude adjustment, the slurry enters the feeding mechanism 4, where it is evenly distributed and initially intercepted.

[0074] Distribution and Classification: The slurry first enters the distributor 51, where it is dispersed along its width. The denser fine gold particles settle towards the bottom wall under gravity. The slurry then flows through the capillary gold filter screen 52, where coarse impurities are retained, while the high-concentration fine gold layer on the bottom wall falls directly through the screen holes onto the surface of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42, achieving pre-enrichment. The inclined design of the guide plate 53 prevents the settled fine gold from being carried away by the reverse water flow.

[0075] Reverse interception and retention: During the enrichment stage, the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 is stationary. After the slurry enters the feed trough 41, it covers the surface of the conveyor belt, and the side skirts prevent spillage. The velvety structure on the surface of the conveyor belt captures and retains fine gold particles and capillary gold in the slurry through physical interception and surface adsorption, gradually forming an enrichment layer.

[0076] 3) Multi-stage enhanced settlement: After initial interception, the slurry flows downstream in the feed trough 41, entering a composite enhanced settling zone composed of an eddy current generating mechanism 6 and a vibration settling mechanism 7. These two mechanisms are arranged vertically in the same section, with the eddy current generating mechanism 6 suspended above the gold-binding conveyor belt 42 and the vibration settling mechanism 7 positioned below it. Through the synergistic effect of the eddy current delay and vibration-promoted settling mechanisms, efficient capture of fine gold particles is achieved.

[0077] Eddy settling: When the slurry flows through this section, it is first acted upon by the eddy generator 6. After entering the channel, due to the curved geometry and asymmetrical structure of the channel, the fluid generates a significant velocity gradient in the arc section, inducing local eddies. The eddies lengthen the actual flow path of the slurry within the channel, increasing the residence time of fine gold particles in the settling area. Simultaneously, under the centrifugal force generated by the eddies, the denser fine gold particles tend to move towards the outer edge of the eddies, gradually detaching from the suspended state and settling.

[0078] Vibration-induced sedimentation and capture: Simultaneously with the occurrence of the eddy current effect, the vibratory sedimentation mechanism 7 located below the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 operates synchronously. The vibratory motor 72 drives the vibratory support plate 71 to generate high-frequency vibration, which is transmitted to the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 through dynamic contact. Under the action of high-frequency vibration, the slurry layer on the surface of the conveyor belt exhibits a fluidization effect, reducing the internal friction between solid particles. At this time, the fine gold particles that have tended to settle under the action of the eddy current rapidly pass through the slurry layer under the action of gravity and are captured and temporarily retained by the villous structure on the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42. The vibration not only accelerates the sedimentation process but also prevents the sedimentation layer from caking, ensuring continuous and effective operation and reducing the risk of being washed away by subsequent slurry.

[0079] In this composite enhanced settling zone, the upper eddy current generating mechanism 6 increases the contact probability between fine gold particles and the conveyor belt surface by extending the residence time and centrifugal separation; the lower vibratory settling mechanism 7 accelerates the settling process through fluidization effect. The two work synergistically and simultaneously to form a coupled enhancement mechanism of eddy current delay and vibration-promoted settling, thereby improving the settling efficiency and recovery rate of fine gold particles and capillary gold.

[0080] 4) Periodic automatic material collection When the enrichment stage reaches the preset time, the system enters the material collection stage, realizing the automated collection of gold concentrate.

[0081] The automatic collection mechanism 8 is activated, and the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 begins to operate in the opposite direction to the slurry flow, transporting the surface-enriched gold concentrate upstream. Simultaneously, the nozzle assembly 82 sprays high-pressure water jets according to a preset sequence. The high-pressure jets impact the conveyor belt surface at a certain angle, washing away and stripping the gold concentrate embedded in the gaps of the fluffy structure. The washed-off gold concentrate falls into the collection box 81 below under the thrust of the jet and gravity. After collection is complete, the nozzle assembly 82 stops spraying, the gold-adhesive conveyor belt 42 stops rotating, the system returns to a static state, and the next enrichment cycle begins.

[0082] 5) Full-process collaborative control: The electrical control system acts as the central hub, coordinating the timing and parameters of each mechanism. During the enrichment stage, the electrical control system keeps the vibratory settling mechanism 7 operational to maintain fluidized settling, while the automatic material collection mechanism 8 remains in standby mode. When the electrical control system determines that the switching conditions are met (such as the enrichment timer reaching a preset cycle or the sensor detecting that the enrichment layer thickness has reached a set threshold), the system switches to the material collection stage, controlling the gold-bonding conveyor belt 42 to reverse and activating the nozzle assembly 82. After material collection is completed, the system automatically resumes the enrichment stage according to preset logic (such as the end of the material collection timer or sensor feedback that the enrichment layer has been cleared), forming a periodic cycle of "enrichment-material collection-enrichment". Simultaneously, the electrical control system can also adjust the vibration frequency and jet interval in real time according to the working conditions, and correct the overall spatial attitude of the machine through the attitude adjustment mechanism 2 and the bracket mechanism 1, ensuring that the equipment always operates continuously and stably under optimal parameters.

[0083] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic gold-collecting device for a gold-collecting channel, characterized in that, include: Bracket mechanism (1); The attitude adjustment mechanism (2) connects the bracket mechanism (1) and the main equipment (3) and is used to adjust the horizontal swing angle of the bracket mechanism (1); The feeding mechanism (4) is set on the bracket mechanism (1) and includes at least one feeding trough (41) and a gold-adhesive conveyor belt (42) rotatably set in the feeding trough (41). The gold-adhesive conveyor belt (42) rotates in the opposite direction to the slurry flow direction and is used to intercept and temporarily retain gold particles in reverse during the conveying process. A multi-stage enrichment unit, which is sequentially arranged on the feed trough (41) along the slurry flow direction, includes: The material spreading mechanism (5) is located upstream of the gold bonding conveyor belt (42) and is used to evenly spread the slurry onto the surface of the gold bonding conveyor belt (42). The eddy current generating mechanism (6) is suspended above the gold-adhesive conveyor belt (42) and is used to generate local eddies when the slurry flows through, so as to cause fine gold particles to detach from the suspension and settle. Vibration settling mechanism (7) is set below the gold-bonding conveyor belt (42) to accelerate the settling rate of heavy mineral particles in the slurry through high-frequency vibration and temporarily retain them at the bottom of the gold-bonding conveyor belt (42). An automatic material collection mechanism (8) is located at the upstream end of the gold-bonding conveyor belt (42) and is used to collect the gold concentrate enriched at the bottom of the gold-bonding conveyor belt (42) during continuous operation of the equipment.

2. The automatic gold-collecting device for a gold-collecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The attitude adjustment mechanism (2) includes: The connecting frame (21) is rotatably connected to the main equipment (3) via the rotating shaft (22); The drive motor (23) is fixedly mounted on the main equipment (3); The leveling gear (24) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (22) and meshes with the output shaft of the drive motor (23); The drive motor (23) drives the rotating shaft (22) and the connecting frame (21) to rotate through the leveling gear (24) to adjust the horizontal swing angle of the bracket mechanism (1).

3. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bracket mechanism (1) includes: The bracket body (11) is arranged along the direction of slurry flow, and its rear end is hinged to the connecting frame (21); Two telescopic cylinders (12) are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bracket body (11). The fixed end of each telescopic cylinder (12) is hinged to the upper part of the corresponding end of the connecting frame (21), and its telescopic end is hinged to the corresponding side of the bracket body (11). The telescopic cylinder (12) drives the bracket body (11) to rotate around the hinge point to adjust the longitudinal tilt angle of the bracket body (11) relative to the horizontal plane.

4. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (4) includes: Two feed troughs (41) are provided, which are arranged in parallel on the bracket body (11) and extend along the direction of slurry flow; There are two gold-bonding conveyor belts (42), which are rotatably installed in the corresponding feed troughs (41), and the rotation direction of the two gold-bonding conveyor belts (42) is opposite to the direction of slurry flow.

5. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fabric-making mechanism (5) includes: There are two material feeders (51), which are respectively located at the upstream end of the feed trough (41) and above the gold bonding conveyor belt (42); Two capillary gold filter screens (52) are provided, and are respectively set at the outlet end of the corresponding fabric distributor (51); Two guide plates (53) are provided, which are respectively inclinedly arranged below the capillary gold filter screen (52) and form a predetermined gap with the capillary gold filter screen (52).

6. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration settlement mechanism (7) includes: The vibrating pallet (71) is floatingly supported at both ends by springs (73) on the inner side of the middle part of the feed trough (41), and its upper surface is in dynamic contact with the lower surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt (42). The vibration motor (72) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the vibration support plate (71); The vibration motor (72) drives the vibration pallet (71) to generate high-frequency vibration, which is transmitted to the gold-adhesive conveyor belt (42) through contact, causing the slurry layer on its surface to produce a fluidized sedimentation effect.

7. The automatic gold-collecting device for a gold-collecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex generating mechanism (6) is a Tesla valve type guide plate, which has multiple asymmetric arc-shaped flow channels inside to guide the slurry to form local vortices and prolong the residence time of fine gold particles in the settling area.

8. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic material collection mechanism (8) is an intermittent rotating jet automatic material collection device, comprising: The collection box (81) is fixedly installed at the upstream end of the feed trough (41) and located below the feeder (51); The nozzle assembly (82) is fixedly installed inside the collection box (81), and its water spraying direction is towards the surface of the gold-bonding conveyor belt (42); The nozzle group (82) sprays high-pressure water at preset time intervals to wash the gold concentrate enriched on the surface of the gold-adhesive conveyor belt (42) into the collection box (81).

9. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gold-bonding conveyor belt (42) is an annular composite nylon gold-bonding carpet skirt conveyor belt. Its surface is provided with a fluffy structure for capturing fine particles and fine gold, and its sides are provided with skirts to prevent slurry leakage.

10. The automatic enrichment device for placer gold in a flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electrical control system, which is connected to the vibration settling mechanism (7), the automatic material receiving mechanism (8) and the attitude adjustment mechanism (2) respectively, and is used to automatically adjust the vibration frequency, jet interval and spatial attitude angle according to the slurry concentration, particle size and flow parameters.

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