A synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of plate rolling machine technology, specifically to a synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine. The device includes a machine body with support seats and a fixed frame on both sides of the upper end. The fixed frame is equipped with a first hydraulic motor that drives the upper roller to rotate. The support seats have telescopic chambers and a first hydraulic cylinder that drives the fixed frame to move up and down. Guide grooves are opened on opposite sides of the support seats, and two lower rollers are installed within the grooves. Hydraulic compensation components are installed at both ends of the lower rollers, and a second hydraulic motor is located at the left end. A second hydraulic cylinder is installed outside the guide grooves to drive the hydraulic compensation components to move horizontally. The first and second hydraulic motors are synchronously controlled by an electronic control unit. Through independent three-roll drive, dynamic load compensation, off-center load buffering, and precise positioning, the device solves the problems of speed difference in traditional mechanical transmission, uneven stress on the plate, slippage, and curvature inaccuracy, significantly improving rolling accuracy and equipment operational stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plate rolling machines, specifically to a synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Three-roll fully driven plate rolling machines are the core equipment for metal sheet rolling. Their synchronous drive devices directly determine the forming accuracy, operational stability, and production continuity of the rolled sheet. Currently, most mainstream synchronous drive devices on the market adopt a single power source mechanical split transmission structure. The main drive motor drives the upper roller and two lower rollers to rotate synchronously through a reducer, gear distribution box, and universal coupling. The rigid meshing of the mechanical transmission chain ensures the matching of the linear speed of each roller. After long-term heavy-load operation, this structure is prone to problems such as gear wear, increased transmission clearance, coupling deformation, and loose key connections. In addition, when rolling different specifications of sheet metal, the difference in load torque of each roller causes elastic deformation of the transmission chain, which will cause uncontrollable deviations in the linear speed of each roller. This can lead to roller slippage, sheet scratches, and inaccurate rolling curvature. In severe cases, it can even cause sheet metal deviation and damage to equipment components. Moreover, the faults are highly concealed and difficult to detect in advance through routine inspections.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, existing technologies offer several solutions. For instance, patent application CN202223512959.2 discloses a roll forming machine, which proposes the following solution: The traditional multi-roller independent drive structure is replaced with a rigid synchronous transmission architecture with two lower rollers powered by a single power source. This ensures the synchronous consistency of the two lower rollers' rotational speeds from the source through gear meshing with a fixed transmission ratio, eliminating the inherent speed difference between them. Simultaneously, the linear speed of the upper and lower rollers can be manually matched via an upper roller friction speed adjustment mechanism, alleviating slippage, scratches, and wear caused by mismatched linear speeds between the rollers and the sheet material. This simplifies the complex structure of traditional multi-drive systems, reduces equipment manufacturing costs, and is suitable for the stable rolling of conventional thin sheet materials such as aluminum panels. However, this solution has certain limitations in practical use: the gear transmission has a fixed transmission ratio, and the rotational speeds of the two lower rollers are completely synchronized and cannot be adjusted independently. When the sheet material has uneven thickness, local deformation, or differences in material hardness, the fixed synchronous speed can lead to uneven stress on both sides of the sheet material, resulting in defects such as twisting, deviation, and wrinkling, especially when rolling wide sheet materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a synchronous drive device for a three-roller fully driven plate rolling machine to solve the problem of elastic deformation of the transmission chain caused by the difference in load torque of each roller when rolling plates of different specifications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine includes a machine body. Support seats are provided on both sides of the upper end of the machine body. An electronic control unit is installed on the side of each support seat. A fixed frame is provided on the upper end of each support seat. An upper roller shaft is arranged between the two fixed frames. A first hydraulic motor is installed at one end of each upper roller shaft. A telescopic cavity is provided on the upper side of each support seat. First hydraulic cylinders are provided on both sides of each telescopic cavity. The first hydraulic cylinders drive the fixed frames to move up and down within the telescopic cavity. A guide groove is opened on the opposite side of each of the two support seats. Two lower roller shafts are arranged within the guide groove. Each end of the lower roller shaft is equipped with... A hydraulic compensation assembly is provided, and a second hydraulic motor is provided at the left end of each of the two lower rollers. The second hydraulic motor is installed between the hydraulic compensation assembly and the lower rollers. The second hydraulic motor drives the lower rollers to rotate. A second oil cylinder is installed on the side of the guide groove away from the hydraulic compensation assembly. The piston rod end of the second oil cylinder extends to the inside of the guide groove and connects to the hydraulic compensation assembly. The second oil cylinder drives the lower rollers to move horizontally within the guide groove. The first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor are both controlled by an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to synchronously control the rotational speed of the upper roller and the lower roller.

[0006] By adopting a three-roller fully independent hydraulic drive design, a separate first hydraulic motor is configured for the upper roller shaft to achieve rotational drive, and two independent second hydraulic motors are configured for the two lower roller shafts to achieve rotational drive respectively. This eliminates the traditional single-power-source mechanical split transmission structure. At the same time, an electronic control unit is set up to uniformly and synchronously control the first and second hydraulic motors, achieving precise synchronization of the rotational speeds of the upper roller shaft and the two lower roller shafts, which can be independently adjusted. Furthermore, by setting a telescopic cavity on the support base and driving the first hydraulic cylinder to drive the fixed frame, the upper roller shaft can complete the vertical position adjustment. Guide grooves are opened on opposite sides of the support base, and the lower roller shafts are driven by the second hydraulic cylinder to drive the hydraulic compensation component to complete the horizontal position adjustment along the guide grooves. The design of integrating the second hydraulic motor between the hydraulic compensation component and the lower roller shaft eliminates the gear problems caused by long-term heavy-load operation of traditional mechanical transmission chains. This technology addresses the uncontrollable deviations in roller linear speed caused by wear, increased transmission clearance, coupling deformation, loose key connections, and elastic deformation of the transmission chain due to differences in load torque among rollers when rolling different specifications of sheet metal. It avoids issues such as roller slippage, sheet metal scratches, inaccurate rolling curvature, sheet metal deviation, and equipment component damage. Furthermore, it allows for flexible and individual adjustment of the speed and position of each roller based on sheet metal thickness variations, localized deformation, material hardness differences, and the rolling requirements of different sheet metal specifications. This ensures uniform force distribution on both sides of the sheet metal, effectively solving the defects of sheet metal twisting, deviation, and wrinkling caused by fixed synchronous speeds in existing technologies. It significantly improves the rolling accuracy and operational stability of wide-width sheet metal. Moreover, the electronic control synchronization method offers fast response speed, high adjustment precision, and easier fault diagnosis and monitoring, greatly enhancing the reliability of equipment operation and production continuity.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic compensation assembly includes a first bearing seat, a second bearing seat, a spring, a hydraulic cavity, a hydraulic column, and a hydraulic pipe. First bearing seats are installed at both ends of the lower roller shaft. A second bearing seat is installed on the guide groove. A U-shaped groove is provided on the upper side of the second bearing seat. The first bearing seat is installed within the U-shaped groove. A spring is provided between the first and second bearing seats. The spring is arc-shaped, with its upper surface contacting the bottom surface of the first bearing seat, and its convex surface facing the first bearing seat. Hydraulic holes are provided on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove. A hydraulic column is provided within each hydraulic hole, sliding up and down within the hydraulic hole. The upper end of the hydraulic column contacts the edge of the spring. A hydraulic cavity is provided within each of the second bearing seats. Multiple hydraulic holes are connected to the hydraulic cavities. A hydraulic pipe is provided below each hydraulic cavity, connecting to the hydraulic cavity at the other end of the lower roller shaft.

[0008] By installing first bearing seats at both ends of the lower roller shaft, and setting a U-shaped groove on the upper side of the second bearing seat to accommodate the first bearing seat, an arc-shaped spring with its convex surface facing the first bearing seat is set between the first and second bearing seats. Simultaneously, hydraulic holes are opened on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove, and hydraulic columns that can slide up and down and whose upper ends contact the edge of the spring are set in the holes. A hydraulic cavity communicating with multiple hydraulic holes is set in the second bearing seat, and the hydraulic cavities at both ends of the lower roller shaft are interconnected through hydraulic pipes. This design, combined with the core structure of a first hydraulic motor and two second hydraulic motors independently driving the upper and two lower roller shafts respectively, an electronic control unit synchronously controlling the speed of each roller, and a second hydraulic cylinder driving the lower roller shaft to move horizontally within the guide groove to adjust the roller gap, retains the advantages of fully driven electronic synchronization allowing independent adjustment of the speed of each roller and adaptability to different specifications of sheet metal. It solves the problem that traditional fixed transmission ratio mechanical synchronization structures cannot handle uneven sheet metal thickness and localized issues. To address issues such as uneven stress, twisting, misalignment, and wrinkling on both sides of the sheet metal caused by deformation or differences in material hardness, a hydraulic and spring composite flexible support compensation structure, consisting of arc-shaped springs, hydraulic columns, and interconnected hydraulic chambers, is used. During the rolling process, when the lower roller experiences uneven load at both ends, slight deflection, or off-center loading, the hydraulic chamber pressure automatically transmits and balances the load, driving the hydraulic columns and springs at both ends to work together. This automatically compensates for the height and force differences at both ends of the lower roller, ensuring uniform contact between the lower roller and the sheet metal. It also counteracts the elastic deformation of the lower roller caused by load fluctuations, preventing linear velocity deviations, roller slippage, and sheet metal scratches caused by roller deformation. Furthermore, this structure requires no additional electrical control intervention, has a fast response speed, high compensation accuracy, and can effectively absorb impact vibrations during the rolling process, further improving the forming accuracy of sheet metal rolling and the stability of equipment operation, and extending the service life of the lower roller and related bearing components.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing groove is provided on the upper side of the hydraulic hole, a dustproof ring is provided in the sealing groove, a sealing ring is provided at the lower end of the dustproof ring, and a wear-resistant coating is provided on the lower side wall of the hydraulic hole, the thickness of the wear-resistant coating being 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0010] By setting a sealing groove on the upper side of the hydraulic hole and installing a dustproof ring and a sealing ring in sequence, and simultaneously applying a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.2-0.5mm on the lower side wall of the hydraulic hole, the dustproof ring can prevent external dust, metal shavings and other impurities from entering the hydraulic hole, avoiding impurities causing the hydraulic column to jam. The sealing ring can effectively prevent hydraulic oil leakage in the hydraulic cavity, ensuring the pressure stability of the hydraulic system. The 0.2-0.5mm thick wear-resistant coating will not affect the fitting accuracy between the hydraulic column and the hydraulic hole, and can significantly improve the wear resistance of the inner wall of the hydraulic hole, reduce the wear of the hydraulic column on the side wall of the hydraulic hole due to long-term reciprocating sliding, extend the service life of the hydraulic hole and the hydraulic column, maintain the smooth sliding of the hydraulic column, and thus ensure the load dynamic compensation function realized by the hydraulic column, hydraulic cavity and hydraulic pipe. This ensures that the hydraulic compensation at both ends of the lower roller shaft can respond synchronously to load changes, avoid compensation failure caused by hydraulic system failure or component wear, and improve the reliability of the plate rolling machine and the forming accuracy of plate rolling.

[0011] Preferably, the first bearing housing has longitudinal needle roller grooves on both sides of the U-shaped groove that are in contact with it. Multiple needle rollers are arranged in an array in the longitudinal needle roller grooves. The axis of the needle rollers is parallel to the axis of the lower roller shaft. The left and right inner side walls of the U-shaped groove are provided with buffer grooves corresponding to the positions of the needle rollers. Wear-resistant liners are installed in the buffer grooves, and the needle rollers make rolling contact with the wear-resistant liners.

[0012] By creating longitudinal needle roller grooves on both sides of the first bearing housing that contact the U-shaped groove, and arranging multiple needle rollers with axes parallel to the lower roller shaft in an array within the grooves, while simultaneously setting buffer grooves on the left and right inner side walls of the U-shaped groove corresponding to the positions of the needle rollers, and installing wear-resistant liners within the grooves, the design allows the needle rollers to form rolling contact with the wear-resistant liners. This design, combined with a hydraulic and spring composite flexible support compensation structure consisting of the first bearing housing installed within the U-shaped groove of the second bearing housing, with an arc-shaped spring between them, along with a hydraulic column and a connected hydraulic cavity, transforms the original sliding friction between the first bearing housing and the U-shaped groove into low-resistance rolling friction. This significantly improves the smoothness of the first bearing housing sliding up and down within the U-shaped groove, avoiding the problem of the hydraulic compensation component failing to respond promptly to uneven loads, slight deflections, or off-center load changes at both ends of the lower roller shaft due to friction jamming. This ensures the hydraulic and spring composite support compensation... The structure's dynamic compensation accuracy and response speed, along with the parallel layout of the needle roller axis and the lower roller shaft, can evenly bear the radial and lateral loads generated by the rotation of the lower roller shaft, disperse the contact stress between the first bearing housing and the sidewall of the U-shaped groove, and reduce component wear. The buffer groove and wear-resistant liner not only absorb the lateral impact vibration generated during the rolling process, forming a comprehensive vibration suppression system with the vertical impact vibration absorbed by the spring and hydraulic system, but also reduce equipment maintenance costs through the replaceability of the wear-resistant liner. Furthermore, in conjunction with the lateral buffer design of the subsequent hydraulic buffer chamber and buffer plunger, rigid collisions between the first bearing housing and the sidewall of the U-shaped groove are avoided, extending the overall service life of the hydraulic compensation assembly. This ensures that the lower roller shaft maintains a stable posture and uniform linear speed under various load fluctuations and off-center load conditions, effectively improving the forming accuracy and surface quality of the sheet metal rolling.

[0013] Preferably, each of the buffer grooves is provided with a hydraulic buffer chamber, the hydraulic buffer chamber is connected to the hydraulic chamber, a buffer plunger is provided in the hydraulic buffer chamber, the end of the buffer plunger extends out of the side wall of the U-shaped groove and is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant liner, and the maximum travel of the buffer plunger is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0014] By setting a hydraulic buffer chamber connected to the hydraulic cavity within the buffer groove, and configuring a buffer plunger with its end protruding from the sidewall of the U-shaped groove and fixedly connected to the wear-resistant liner, and with a maximum travel of 0.2–0.5 mm, the sliding friction between the first and second bearing seats is converted into rolling friction between the needle roller and the wear-resistant liner. This significantly reduces frictional resistance and ensures smooth sliding of the first bearing seat within the U-shaped groove. Simultaneously, the hydraulic buffer structure, composed of the hydraulic buffer chamber connected to the main hydraulic cavity and the buffer plunger, can absorb the lateral impact load and lateral eccentric load generated by the lower roller during the winding process. Automatic adjustment of the buffering force is achieved through hydraulic oil pressure transmission; if the travel exceeds 0.5 mm, the lower roller will experience excessive pressure. Lateral offset disrupts the coaxiality of the three rollers, leading to uneven stress on the sheet metal, deviation, wrinkling, and inaccurate rolling curvature. When the stroke is less than 0.2mm, the buffer margin is insufficient and cannot effectively offset the lateral load, causing the buffer function to fail. 0.2 to 0.5mm is the critical safe range to ensure coaxiality. The limited stroke of 0.2 to 0.5mm not only ensures sufficient buffer margin but also avoids excessive lateral displacement of the first bearing housing, which would affect the coaxiality and rolling accuracy of the lower roller. It can also work synergistically with the hydraulic load compensation structure at both ends of the lower roller to further offset the adverse effects of lateral vibration and off-center load, reduce the wear of the needle rollers and wear-resistant liners, extend the service life of components, and at the same time ensure the stability of the lower roller and the forming accuracy of the sheet metal rolling.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end face of the hydraulic column is provided with a fixing groove, the bottom of the fixing groove is arc-shaped, and the edge of the spring plate is fitted with the fixing groove by a cylindrical pair.

[0016] By setting a fixed groove with an arc-shaped bottom on the upper end face of the hydraulic column, and designing the edge of the spring to mate with the fixed groove using a cylindrical pair, the design achieves two key benefits. First, it precisely positions the edge of the spring, preventing lateral movement or misalignment under the thrust of the hydraulic column and the load of the lower roller shaft transmitted from the first bearing seat. This ensures the spring always bears the load evenly in a preset arc shape. Simultaneously, the cylindrical pair allows for slight rotation and sliding of the spring edge along its own arc tangent, without restricting the elastic deformation of the spring, thus guaranteeing the proper functioning of the spring's elastic support. Second, it transforms the point or line contact between the spring and the hydraulic column into a stable surface contact, dispersing contact stress and preventing contact stress between the spring edge and the upper end face of the hydraulic column. The problem of localized wear, plastic deformation, and even fracture caused by long-term concentrated stress extends the service life of the spring and hydraulic column. It also allows the spring to move quickly and smoothly in sync with the hydraulic column when the hydraulic pressure automatically balances and pushes the hydraulic column up and down, while maintaining the uniformity of its own elastic deformation. This further improves the response speed and compensation accuracy of the hydraulic compensation component, ensuring that the height difference and force difference between the two ends of the lower roller can be compensated in a timely and accurate manner. This ensures uniform contact between the lower roller and the sheet material, more effectively offsetting the elastic deformation of the lower roller caused by load fluctuations, and avoiding linear speed deviation, roller surface slippage, and sheet material scratches caused by roller deformation. Ultimately, this significantly improves the forming accuracy of sheet material rolling and the stability of equipment operation.

[0017] Preferably, a guide rail is provided on the lower side wall of the guide groove, and a sliding groove is provided at the lower end of the second bearing seat, wherein the sliding groove and the guide rail are in sliding engagement.

[0018] By designing a guide rail on the lower sidewall of the guide groove and a sliding groove at the lower end of the second bearing seat that slides with the guide rail, precise linear guidance and stable load-bearing support are provided for the horizontal movement of the second bearing seat. This design strictly limits the left and right deflection and radial offset of the second bearing seat during its horizontal movement driven by the second hydraulic cylinder, ensuring the straightness and coaxiality of the second bearing seat's movement. This, in turn, ensures the horizontal position adjustment accuracy of the first bearing seat installed in the U-shaped groove of the second bearing seat and the entire lower roller shaft. Simultaneously, it evenly transfers the overall weight of the lower roller shaft and the hydraulic compensation assembly to the guide rail, dispersing the local load and significantly reducing the radial eccentric load on the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder. This prevents the piston rod from bending and deforming, extends the service life of the second hydraulic cylinder, and ensures the horizontal position of the lower roller shaft. The precision and stability of the roller gap adjustment are ensured without interfering with the automatic dynamic compensation function of the hydraulic compensation component in the vertical direction for uneven load and off-center load at both ends of the lower roller. At the same time, the sliding fit structure of the guide rail and the chute can absorb some of the horizontal vibration generated during the rolling process. Together with the vertical impact vibration absorbed by the hydraulic compensation component and the lateral vibration absorbed by the subsequent lateral hydraulic buffer structure, a comprehensive vibration suppression system is formed, which further improves the smoothness of the lower roller operation. This ensures that the lower roller always maintains good coaxiality and posture under different roller gap conditions, allowing the hydraulic compensation component to respond accurately and timely to the load changes of the lower roller, effectively offsetting the elastic deformation of the lower roller, and avoiding problems such as uneven linear speed, roller surface slippage, and plate scratches caused by roller posture deviation and deformation.

[0019] Preferably, both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped groove are provided with inwardly extending limiting edges.

[0020] By setting inwardly extending limiting flanges on both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped groove of the second bearing housing, the vertical floating stroke of the first bearing housing in the U-shaped groove can be effectively limited and constrained. This prevents the first bearing housing from excessively moving upward and dislodging from the U-shaped groove due to load fluctuations of the lower roller shaft, elastic deformation of the spring, or lifting action of the hydraulic column. While allowing the first bearing housing to float smoothly up and down with changes in load at both ends of the lower roller shaft to achieve dynamic compensation, the assembly stability of the first and second bearing housings is firmly guaranteed. This avoids failure of the hydraulic compensation component due to displacement or dislodging of the first bearing housing. It ensures that when the lower roller shaft experiences uneven load, slight deflection, or off-center load, the hydraulic compensation structure can continuously and stably automatically compensate for height and force differences, ensuring uniform contact between the lower roller shaft and the sheet metal, offsetting the elastic deformation of the roller shaft, and thus improving the sheet metal rolling forming accuracy and equipment operation stability.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By using three independent hydraulic drives with electronic control units for synchronous speed control, the traditional mechanical branch transmission structure is abandoned, which solves the speed difference problem caused by transmission chain wear, increased gaps, and elastic deformation. The speed of each roller can be independently adjusted to adapt to the thickness and material difference of the plate, avoiding roller slippage, plate scratches, deviation and curvature inaccuracy, thus improving the rolling accuracy and equipment operation stability.

[0022] 2. Through the combined hydraulic and spring compensation structure, the rolling friction of the needle roller and the hydraulic buffer design, the lower roller deflection and force difference are automatically compensated, the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction to reduce resistance, the impact vibration is absorbed in all directions, the elastic deformation of the roller shaft is offset, the roller surface is in uniform contact with the plate, the wear of components is reduced, and the service life of the roller shaft and bearings is extended.

[0023] 3. By precisely adjusting the roller position with dual hydraulic cylinders and using the linear guidance of the guide rail chute combined with the protection of the limiting edge, the upper roller is vertical and the lower roller is horizontally precisely adjusted, preventing the roller from deviating from the bearing seat and derailing. It is suitable for rolling different specifications of sheet metal, reducing equipment failures, improving production continuity and maintenance convenience, and ensuring long-term high-precision operation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of AA in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower roller shaft and the hydraulic compensation assembly. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of BB in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of CC in China; Figure 7 This is a front view of the second bearing housing; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of DD.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 101. Support base; 102. Fixing frame; 103. Upper roller shaft; 104. First hydraulic motor; 105. Telescopic cavity; 106. First oil cylinder; 2. Guide groove; 201. Second oil cylinder; 202. Guide rail; 3. Lower roller shaft; 301. Second hydraulic motor; 4. First bearing seat; 401. Longitudinal needle roller groove; 402. Needle roller; 5. Second bearing seat; 501. U-shaped groove; 502. Hydraulic hole; 503. Sealing groove; 504. Buffer groove; 505. Wear-resistant liner; 506. Hydraulic buffer cavity; 507. Buffer plunger; 508. Slide groove; 509. Limiting stop; 6. Spring; 7. Hydraulic cavity; 701. Hydraulic column; 702. Hydraulic pipe; 703. Fixing groove; 8. Dustproof ring; 801. Sealing ring; 9. Electronic control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine, the technical solution of which is as follows: For details, please refer to Figures 1 to 8A synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine includes a machine body 1. Support seats 101 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the machine body 1. An electronic control unit 9 is provided on the side of each support seat 101. A fixed frame 102 is provided on the upper end of each support seat 101. An upper roller shaft 103 is arranged between the two fixed frames 102. A first hydraulic motor 104 is provided on the side of the fixed frame 102 opposite to the upper roller shaft 103, driving the upper roller shaft 103 to rotate. A telescopic cavity 105 is provided at the lower end of the support seat 101 corresponding to the fixed frame 102. First hydraulic cylinders 106 are provided on both sides of the telescopic cavity 105. The piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder 106 is connected to the fixed frame 102, driving the upper roller shaft 103 to rotate. The movable fixed frame 102 moves up and down within the telescopic cavity 105. Guide grooves 2 are provided on opposite sides of the two support seats 101. Guide rails 202 are provided on the lower sidewall of the guide grooves 2. Two lower roller shafts 3 are installed within the guide grooves 2. Hydraulic compensation components are provided at both ends of each lower roller shaft 3. The hydraulic compensation components include a first bearing seat 4, a second bearing seat 5, a spring 6, a hydraulic cavity 7, a hydraulic column 701, and a hydraulic pipe 702. First bearing seats 4 are installed at both ends of the lower roller shafts 3, and the lower roller shafts 3 are connected to the first bearing seats 4 via self-aligning bearings. Second bearing seats 5 are installed on the guide grooves 2. A sliding groove 508 is provided at the lower end of the second bearing seat 5, which slides in cooperation with the guide rails 202. A... A U-shaped groove 501 is provided, and a first bearing seat 4 is installed in the U-shaped groove 501. Both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped groove 501 are provided with inwardly extending limiting flanges 509. The two side walls of the first bearing seat 4 in contact with the U-shaped groove 501 are provided with longitudinal needle roller grooves 401. Multiple needle rollers 402 are arranged in an array within the longitudinal needle roller grooves 401. The axis of the needle rollers 402 is parallel to the axis of the lower roller shaft 3. Buffer grooves 504 are provided on the left and right inner side walls of the U-shaped groove 501 corresponding to the positions of the needle rollers 402. Wear-resistant liners 505 are installed within the buffer grooves 504. Each buffer groove 504 is provided with a hydraulic buffer chamber 506, and a buffer plunger 507 is provided within the hydraulic buffer chamber 506. The end of the buffer plunger 507... The part extends out of the side wall of the U-shaped groove 501 and is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant liner 505. The maximum travel of the buffer plunger 507 is 0.5mm. The needle roller 402 rolls in contact with the wear-resistant liner 505. A spring 6 is provided between the first bearing seat 4 and the second bearing seat 5. The spring 6 is arc-shaped. The upper surface of the spring 6 contacts the bottom surface of the first bearing seat 4, and the convex surface of the spring 6 faces the first bearing seat 4. Hydraulic holes 502 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove 501. A sealing groove 503 is provided on the upper side of the hydraulic hole 502. A dustproof ring 8 is provided in the sealing groove 503. A sealing ring 801 is provided at the lower end of the dustproof ring 8. A wear-resistant coating is provided on the lower side wall of the hydraulic hole 502. The thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 0.Each hydraulic hole 502 is equipped with a hydraulic column 701, which slides up and down within the hydraulic hole 502. The upper end of the hydraulic column 701 contacts the edge of the spring 6. A fixing groove 703 is provided on the upper end face of the hydraulic column 701. The bottom of the fixing groove 703 is arc-shaped. The edge of the spring 6 and the fixing groove 703 are fitted with a cylindrical pair. Each second bearing seat 5 is equipped with a hydraulic cavity 7. Multiple hydraulic holes 502 and hydraulic buffer cavities 506 are connected to the hydraulic cavity 7. A hydraulic pressure device is provided on the lower side of the hydraulic cavity 7. Pipe 702 connects to the hydraulic chamber 7 at the other end of the lower roller shaft 3. The hydraulic chamber 7 is filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic compensation components at both ends of the same lower roller shaft 3 form a sealed hydraulic balance system. Pressure sensors are installed in the hydraulic compensation components and are controlled by the electronic control unit 9. A second hydraulic motor 301 is provided at the left end of each of the two lower roller shafts 3. The second hydraulic motor 301 is installed between the hydraulic compensation components and the lower roller shaft 3, and the second hydraulic motor 301 is connected to the lower roller shaft 3. A fixed shaft is connected to a second bearing seat 5, on which a second hydraulic motor 301 is mounted. A stop is provided at the lower end of the second bearing seat 5. The lower side of the second hydraulic motor 301 is slidably connected to the stop of the second bearing seat 5 to prevent the second hydraulic motor 301 from shifting horizontally. The second hydraulic motor 301 drives the lower roller 3 to rotate. A second hydraulic cylinder 201 is installed on the side of the guide groove 2 away from the hydraulic compensation component. The piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 201 extends into the guide groove 2 and connects to the hydraulic compensation component. The second hydraulic cylinder 201 drives the lower roller 3 to move horizontally within the guide groove 2. Both the first hydraulic cylinder 106 and the second hydraulic cylinder 201 are connected to an electronic control unit 9. Both the first hydraulic motor 104 and the second hydraulic motor 301 are equipped with speed sensors. Both the first hydraulic motor 104 and the second hydraulic motor 301 are controlled by the electronic control unit 9. The electronic control unit 9 is configured to synchronously control the speeds of the upper roller 103 and the lower roller 3. Synchronous control includes both completely consistent linear speeds of the rollers and differential speed control preset according to different rolling shapes.

[0027] Working principle: (Reference) Figures 1 to 8 When the plate rolling machine rolls cylindrical and conical plates, the electronic control unit 9 is powered on and started. The first hydraulic motor 104 drives the upper roller 103 to rotate, and the two second hydraulic motors 301 independently drive the two lower rollers 3 to rotate. The first oil cylinder 106 drives the upper roller 103 to adjust vertically, and the second oil cylinder 201 drives the lower roller 3 to adjust horizontally. The hydraulic compensation component compensates for the load and deflection deviation of the rollers in real time. The three rollers work together to complete the plate rolling and forming.

[0028] When rolling cylindrical sheets, the electronic control unit 9 synchronously controls the speed of the first hydraulic motor 104 and the two second hydraulic motors 301, so that the linear speeds of the upper roller 103 and the two lower rollers 3 are perfectly matched. The first hydraulic cylinder 106 drives the fixed frame 102 to move vertically downward along the telescopic cavity 105, causing the upper roller 103 to press the sheet down to the preset bending height for cylindrical rolling. The second hydraulic cylinders 201 synchronously drive the two lower rollers 3 to move horizontally along the guide groove 2, so that the two lower rollers 3 and the upper roller 103 are symmetrically and equally spaced, with a uniform roller gap adapted to the cylindrical rolling specifications. The sheet is fed into the three-roller space, and the upper roller 103 and the two lower rollers 3 rotate synchronously to pull the sheet forward at a uniform speed. When the lower roller 3 experiences slight deflection or force fluctuation due to uniform load, the hydraulic cavity 7 in the hydraulic compensation component is activated. Hydraulic pipe 702 balances the pressure at both ends of the lower roller shaft 3. Hydraulic column 701 pushes arc-shaped spring 6 upward along hydraulic hole 502. Flexible support first bearing seat 4 floats slightly in U-shaped groove 501 of second bearing seat 5, automatically compensating for the height difference and force difference at both ends of the lower roller shaft 3. Needle roller 402 rolls in contact with wear-resistant liner 505 to reduce frictional resistance. Hydraulic buffer chamber 506 and buffer plunger 507 absorb lateral impact vibration. Limiting stop 509 constrains the floating stroke of first bearing seat 4. Guide rail 202 and slide 508 ensure the straightness of horizontal movement of lower roller shaft 3, ensuring that lower roller shaft 3 is always horizontal and stable, and that the roller surface and the plate are evenly attached without slippage, scratches, or deviation. The plate is continuously subjected to the uniform bending force of the three rollers and is gradually rolled into a standard cylindrical shape.

[0029] When rolling conical sheet metal, the electronic control unit 9 independently adjusts the second hydraulic cylinder 201 that drives the lower roller 3, so that both ends of the lower roller 3 form an oblique position adapted to the cone's taper. The speed of the first hydraulic motor 104 is synchronously matched with the overall feed linear speed of the sheet metal. The first hydraulic cylinder 106 drives the upper roller 103 to move vertically downward to the rolling working position. The second hydraulic cylinder 201 independently drives the two lower rollers 3 to move horizontally and offset along the guide groove 2, so that the two lower rollers 3 and the upper roller 103 are arranged asymmetrically. The roller gap gradually changes along the width direction of the sheet metal to match the different rolling curvatures of the large and small ends of the cone. After the sheet metal is fed into the rollers, the three rollers work together according to the preset speed difference and the offset roller gap. The roller spacing of the large end of the cone corresponding to the side roller is smaller, and the roller spacing of the small end corresponding to the side roller is larger, which causes the sheet to produce differential bending deformation along the width direction. During the rolling process, if the lower roller 3 is unbalanced due to non-uniform load, the hydraulic chamber 7 automatically transmits pressure to balance the forces at both ends. The hydraulic column 701 and the spring 6 dynamically compensate for the height difference and deformation deviation in real time. The rolling needle 402 ensures smooth compensation action. The hydraulic buffer structure counteracts the lateral load force. The limit stop 509 and the guide rail 202 and the slide groove 508 prevent the roller from deviating and the bearing seat from derailing, avoiding problems such as wrinkling, twisting and curvature inaccuracy of the sheet. The sheet is gradually formed into a cone shape that meets the requirements.

[0030] The entire process utilizes a three-roller independent hydraulic drive, electronic synchronous speed control, dual-cylinder position adaptive adjustment, and hydraulic spring 6 composite flexible compensation to ensure both uniformity and consistency in cylindrical rolling and to meet the differentiated curvature requirements of conical rolling. This effectively eliminates defects such as roller slippage, sheet scratches, deviation, and wrinkling, significantly improving the rolling accuracy and equipment operation stability of both types of sheets.

[0031] The specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine, comprising a machine body (1), wherein support seats (101) are provided on both sides of the upper end of the machine body (1), an electronic control unit (9) is provided on the side of the support seat (101), a fixed frame (102) is provided on the upper end of the support seat (101), an upper roller shaft (103) is provided between the two fixed frames (102), a first hydraulic motor (104) is provided at one end of the upper roller shaft (103), a telescopic cavity (105) is provided on the upper side of the support seat (101), and a first oil cylinder (106) is provided on both sides of the telescopic cavity (105), wherein the first oil cylinder (106) drives the fixed frame (102) to move up and down within the telescopic cavity (105), characterized in that, Two support seats (101) are provided with guide grooves (2) on opposite sides. Two lower roller shafts (3) are provided in the guide grooves (2). Hydraulic compensation components are provided at both ends of the lower roller shafts (3). A second hydraulic motor (301) is provided at the left end of each of the two lower roller shafts (3). The second hydraulic motor (301) is installed between the hydraulic compensation components and the lower roller shafts (3). The second hydraulic motor (301) drives the lower roller shafts (3) to rotate. A second oil cylinder (201) is installed on the side of the guide groove (2) away from the hydraulic compensation components. The piston rod end of the second oil cylinder (201) extends to the inside of the guide groove (2) and connects to the hydraulic compensation components. The second oil cylinder (201) drives the lower roller shafts (3) to move horizontally in the guide groove (2). The first hydraulic motor (104) and the second hydraulic motor (301) are both controlled by an electronic control unit (9). The electronic control unit (9) is configured to synchronously control the rotation speed of the upper roller shaft (103) and the lower roller shaft (3). The hydraulic compensation assembly includes a first bearing seat (4), a second bearing seat (5), a spring (6), a hydraulic chamber (7), a hydraulic column (701), and a hydraulic pipe (702). The lower roller shaft (3) has first bearing seats (4) installed at both ends. The guide groove (2) has a second bearing seat (5) installed on it. A U-shaped groove (501) is provided on the upper side of the second bearing seat (5). The first bearing seat (4) is installed within the U-shaped groove (501). A spring (6) is provided between the first bearing seat (4) and the second bearing seat (5). The spring (6) is arc-shaped, and its upper surface contacts the bottom surface of the first bearing seat (4). The convex surface of the spring (6) faces the first bearing seat (4). Hydraulic holes (502) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove (501). Hydraulic columns (701) are provided in the hydraulic holes (502). The hydraulic columns (701) slide up and down in the hydraulic holes (502). The upper end of the hydraulic columns (701) contacts the edge of the spring (6). Hydraulic chambers (7) are provided in the second bearing seat (5). The multiple hydraulic holes (502) are connected to the hydraulic chambers (7). Hydraulic pipes (702) are provided on the lower side of the hydraulic chambers (7). The hydraulic pipes (702) are connected to the hydraulic chambers (7) at the other end of the lower roller shaft (3).

2. The synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing groove (503) is provided on the upper side of the hydraulic hole (502), a dustproof ring (8) is provided in the sealing groove (503), a sealing ring (801) is provided at the lower end of the dustproof ring (8), and a wear-resistant coating is provided on the lower side wall of the hydraulic hole (502), the thickness of the wear-resistant coating being 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

3. The synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first bearing seat (4) has longitudinal needle roller grooves (401) on both sides of the U-shaped groove (501) that are in contact with it. Multiple needle rollers (402) are arranged in an array in the longitudinal needle roller grooves (401). The axis of the needle rollers (402) is parallel to the axis of the lower roller shaft (3). The left and right inner sidewalls of the U-shaped groove (501) are provided with buffer grooves (504) corresponding to the positions of the needle rollers (402). Wear-resistant liners (505) are installed in the buffer grooves (504). The needle rollers (402) and wear-resistant liners (505) are in rolling contact.

4. The synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the buffer grooves (504) is provided with a hydraulic buffer chamber (506), which is connected to the hydraulic chamber (7). A buffer plunger (507) is provided in the hydraulic buffer chamber (506). The end of the buffer plunger (507) extends out of the side wall of the U-shaped groove (501) and is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant liner (505). The maximum travel of the buffer plunger (507) is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

5. The synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end face of the hydraulic column (701) is provided with a fixing groove (703), the bottom of the fixing groove (703) is arc-shaped, and the edge of the spring (6) and the fixing groove (703) are fitted with a cylindrical pair.

6. The synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide groove (2) is provided with a guide rail (202) on its lower side wall, and the second bearing seat (5) is provided with a sliding groove (508) at its lower end. The sliding groove (508) is in sliding cooperation with the guide rail (202).

7. The synchronous drive device for a three-roll fully driven plate rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped groove (501) are provided with inwardly extending limiting flanges (509).

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