A CNC milling compound processing equipment for hardware ring type slot processing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of composite machining equipment technology, and discloses a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware. The equipment includes a machine tool, a milling section located on the rear side of the machine tool, and a center support base mounted on the inner wall of the machine tool bottom, in front of the milling section. A gantry slide seat one and a gantry slide seat two are slidably mounted on the right side of the center support base from left to right. This CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware effectively solves the problems in the prior art. When performing composite machining on flange gear shafts, the flange extends from the shaft end to form a cantilever structure. During milling the end face groove, the cutting force is perpendicular to the flange end face, causing bending vibration of the flange. Furthermore, during milling the annular groove, the cutting force is axial, leading to axial movement of the part and causing the depth accuracy of the annular groove to exceed tolerances. Simultaneously, the vibration generated during machining causes wavy grooves on the bottom of the groove and exacerbates tool wear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of milling composite machining equipment technology, specifically to a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware. Background Technology

[0002] The flange gear shaft is a core component of the transmission system. Its flange end face typically requires high-precision annular grooves for mounting seals or bearings. The machining accuracy directly determines the sealing performance, transmission accuracy, service life, and operational reliability. If composite machining equipment is used to perform composite machining of the flange gear shaft, the shaft section must be turned first, followed by the annular groove milling. However, this method generally uses traditional chuck and center clamping methods and is not specifically designed for the cantilever structure of the flange gear shaft. When milling the annular groove on one side of the flange, the machining space is limited, and the core problems of flange bending vibration and axial movement cannot be fundamentally solved.

[0003] In response to this, this application designs a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware. When existing CNC milling equipment performs composite machining on flange gear shafts, the flange extends from the shaft end to form a cantilever structure. When milling the end face groove, the cutting force is perpendicular to the flange end face, which will cause the flange to bend and vibrate. Moreover, when milling the end face annular groove, the cutting force is axial, which will cause the part to move axially, causing the depth accuracy of the annular groove to exceed the tolerance. At the same time, the vibration generated during machining will cause wavy vibration marks to appear on the bottom of the groove and aggravate tool wear, increasing machining costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware. This equipment effectively solves the problems in existing technologies where, during composite machining of flange gear shafts using CNC milling equipment, the flange extends from the shaft end to form a cantilever structure. When milling the end face groove, the cutting force is perpendicular to the flange end face, causing bending vibration in the flange. Furthermore, when milling the annular groove, the axial cutting force causes axial movement of the part, resulting in excessive depth accuracy of the annular groove. Additionally, the vibration generated during machining causes wavy grooves on the bottom of the groove, exacerbates tool wear, and increases machining costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware, comprising:

[0007] The machine tool has a milling section on its inner rear side. A center frame base is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the machine tool in front of the milling section. The center frame base has an F-shaped structure. Gantry slide seat one and gantry slide seat two are slidably mounted on the right side of the center frame base from left to right. A cradle-type bracket is rotatably mounted on the center frame base through a support shaft. The cradle-type bracket is provided with a clamping support part, and the clamping support part is provided with a limit part.

[0008] The milling section includes a lifting guide rail pair installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the machine tool. A transverse guide rail pair is slidably installed on the lifting guide rail pair via a connecting seat. A spindle seat is slidably installed on the transverse guide rail pair via a connecting seat. A milling spindle for mounting milling cutters is installed on the spindle seat.

[0009] The clamping support includes a guide slide located on the inner wall of the bottom of the cradle-type bracket. On both the left and right sides of the guide slide, there are mounting boxes installed via electric slides. The mounting boxes are equipped with self-adaptive clamping groups. Pneumatic push rods for driving the guide slide to move up and down are symmetrically installed through the lower end of the cradle-type bracket.

[0010] Furthermore, a turret is slidably mounted on the upper end of the gantry slide block one via a slide rail, and a power turret is mounted on the left end of the turret. A three-jaw chuck one is mounted on the left vertical section of the center frame base facing the gantry slide block one via a spindle box. A three-jaw chuck two is mounted on the upper end of the gantry slide block two via a spindle box corresponding to the three-jaw chuck one. A center pin is slidably mounted on the three-jaw chuck two via a hydraulic push rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting part includes a positioning baffle that is integrated and installed on the upper right side of the right mounting box. The positioning baffle is a rectangular plate structure with a semi-circular notch in the middle of the upper end. Several electromagnets that are evenly distributed in a rectangular shape are installed on the right end of the right mounting box. A sliding rod is installed between the corresponding upper and lower electromagnets. A limiting group is also provided on the right mounting box.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamp support also includes a guide slide hole that is jointly opened on the guide slide and the cradle bracket. The guide slide hole has an oblong design. The mounting box is a box structure with an open top. The upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the mounting box are symmetrically and integrally installed with limit sealing plates. The lower middle part of the mounting box is connected to a telescopic hose. The outer wall of the telescopic hose is movably fitted with a sliding sleeve corresponding to the guide slide and the cradle bracket. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide slide hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the adaptive clamping assembly includes an abutment slide plate that is slidably installed in the middle of the inner wall of the mounting box. The abutment slide plate consists of a rectangular slide plate and two wedge-shaped slide plates at the front and rear. The side wall of the rectangular slide plate is simultaneously slidably connected to the side wall of several limiting sealing plates. The lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate is connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the mounting box through a compression spring, and the lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate is also provided with a receiving groove corresponding to the limiting sealing plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the adaptive clamping assembly also includes pins symmetrically installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the mounting box. A gripper arm is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the pin. Rollers are rotatably installed at both ends of the gripper arm through grooves. The lower roller rolls and contacts the wedge-shaped end face of the corresponding wedge-shaped slide plate. A roller is also rotatably installed at the upper end of the slide plate through a groove. Both ends of the rollers are rounded.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes a limiting frame that is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the front and rear slide rods by a buffer spring. The limiting frame consists of an arc-shaped magnetic plate with front and rear extension plates and a fan-shaped plate. An auxiliary shaft is coaxially installed on the right end of the fan-shaped plate, and a positioning magnet is coaxially embedded in the circular notch of the positioning baffle on the right end of the mounting box.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamp support also includes mounting through holes located on the upper sides of both the front and rear ends of the mounting box. A chip baffle is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting through hole. The chip baffle has an L-shaped structure, and the inner wall of the vertical section of the chip baffle is connected to the inner wall of the mounting box by a compression spring.

[0017] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] This invention provides a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware. During the milling stage of the ring groove on the flange end face, when the flange gear shaft automatically resets to the initial clamping position, the three-jaw chuck clamps the left end of the flange gear shaft section, and the limit bracket slides downward to reset under the magnetic repulsion of the upper electromagnet, completely avoiding the milling machining space, the right-side mounting box and positioning baffle are always tightly attached to the left end face of the flange gear shaft flange, providing a continuous and stable axial thrust to the flange end, completely offsetting the axial cutting force generated by milling, fundamentally preventing axial movement of the flange gear shaft, completely solving the industry pain points of excessive depth accuracy of the ring groove and wavy vibration marks on the bottom of the groove, while significantly reducing abnormal wear of the tool caused by vibration, extending the tool life, and reducing machining costs.

[0019] During the milling stage of the annular groove on the flange end face, the clamping support unit uses a pneumatically driven adaptive clamping assembly to provide auxiliary clamping support for the flange gear shaft section through a three-point rolling contact method formed by the upper roller of the contact slide and the upper roller of the front and rear gripper swing arms. The clamping force can be controlled by precisely adjusting the air pressure of the sealing air chamber through an external air pump, maintaining an elastic clamping state throughout the milling process. This effectively enhances the overall machining rigidity of the cantilever structure formed by the flange extending from the shaft end, significantly suppresses the bending vibration caused by the milling cutting force acting perpendicularly on the flange end face, further improves the surface roughness and dimensional consistency of the annular groove, and ensures stable machining quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the milling part, the central frame base, and the cradle-type support in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of gantry slide block one and gantry slide block two in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the cradle-type support, clamp support, and limiting part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the cradle-type support, guide slide, and telescopic hose in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the clamp support portion in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the clamp support part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the mounting box and the limiting part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the three-jaw chuck, clamping support and limiting part, which together clamp and limit the workpiece in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Machine tool; 2. Milling section; 21. Lifting guide rail pair; 22. Transverse guide rail pair; 23. Spindle seat; 24. Milling spindle; 3. Center rest base; 31. Three-jaw chuck one; 4. Gantry slide one; 41. Power turret; 5. Gantry slide two; 51. Three-jaw chuck two; 52. Ejector pin; 6. Cradle-type support; 7. Clamp support; 71. Guide slide; 711. Guide slide hole; 7 2. Mounting box; 73. Telescopic hose; 731. Sliding sleeve; 74. Adaptive clamping assembly; 741. Anti-slip plate; 742. Pin shaft; 743. Gripper swing arm; 744. Roller; 75. Pneumatic push rod; 76. Mounting through hole; 77. Chip baffle; 8. Limiting part; 81. Positioning baffle; 82. Electromagnet; 83. Sliding rod; 84. Limiting assembly; 841. Limiting frame; 842. Auxiliary shaft; 843. Positioning magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0033] Example:

[0034] Please see Figures 1-9 This invention provides a technical solution: a CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring-shaped grooves in hardware, comprising:

[0035] Machine tool 1, a milling part 2 is provided on the rear side of the inner side of the machine tool 1, a center frame base 3 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the machine tool 1 in front of the milling part 2, the center frame base 3 has an F-shaped structure, and a gantry slide seat 1 4 and a gantry slide seat 2 5 are slidably mounted on the right side of the center frame base 3 from left to right, and a cradle-type bracket 6 is rotatably mounted on the center frame base 3 through a support shaft, a clamping support part 7 is provided on the cradle-type bracket 6, and a limit part 8 is provided on the clamping support part 7;

[0036] The milling section 2 includes a lifting guide rail pair 21 installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the machine tool 1. A transverse guide rail pair 22 is slidably installed on the lifting guide rail pair 21 through a connecting seat. A spindle seat 23 is slidably installed on the transverse guide rail pair 22 through a connecting seat. A milling spindle 24 for mounting milling cutters is installed on the spindle seat 23.

[0037] The clamping support 7 includes a guide slide 71 located on the inner wall of the bottom end of the cradle-type bracket 6. The guide slide 71 has mounting boxes 72 installed on both the left and right sides via electric slides. The mounting boxes 72 are equipped with self-adaptive clamping groups 74. The lower end of the cradle-type bracket 6 is symmetrically connected with pneumatic push rods 75 for driving the guide slide 71 to move up and down.

[0038] A turret is slidably mounted on the upper end of the gantry slide block 4 via a slide rail. A power turret 41 is mounted on the left end of the turret. A three-jaw chuck 31 is mounted on the left vertical section of the center frame base 3 facing the gantry slide block 4 via a spindle box. A three-jaw chuck 51 is mounted on the upper end of the gantry slide block 5 via a spindle box corresponding to the three-jaw chuck 31. A center pin 52 is slidably mounted on the three-jaw chuck 51 via a hydraulic push rod.

[0039] The limiting part 8 includes a positioning baffle 81 that is integrated and installed on the upper right side of the right mounting box 72. The positioning baffle 81 is a rectangular plate structure with a semi-circular notch in the middle of the upper end. Several electromagnets 82 that are evenly distributed in a rectangle are installed on the right end of the right mounting box 72. A sliding rod 83 is installed between the corresponding upper and lower electromagnets 82. A limiting group 84 is also provided on the right mounting box 72.

[0040] The clamp support 7 also includes a guide slide hole 711 that is jointly opened on the guide slide table 71 and the cradle bracket 6. The guide slide hole 711 has an waist-shaped design. The mounting box 72 is a box structure with an open top. The upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the mounting box 72 are symmetrically and integrally installed with limit sealing plates. The lower middle part of the mounting box 72 is connected to a telescopic hose 73. The outer wall of the telescopic hose 73 is movably fitted with a sliding sleeve 731 corresponding to the guide slide table 71 and the cradle bracket 6. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 731 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide slide hole 711.

[0041] The adaptive clamping assembly 74 includes an abutment slide plate 741 that is slidably mounted in the middle of the inner wall of the mounting box 72. The abutment slide plate 741 consists of a rectangular slide plate and two wedge-shaped slide plates at the front and rear. The side walls of the rectangular slide plate are simultaneously slidably connected to the side walls of several limiting sealing plates. The lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting box 72 by a compression spring, and the lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate is also provided with a receiving groove corresponding to the limiting sealing plate.

[0042] The adaptive clamping assembly 74 also includes a pin 742 symmetrically mounted on the upper side of the inner wall of the mounting box 72. A gripper arm 743 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the pin 742. Rollers 744 are rotatably mounted on both the upper and lower ends of the gripper arm 743 through grooves. The lower roller 744 rolls in contact with the wedge-shaped end face of the corresponding wedge-shaped slide plate. A roller 744 is also rotatably mounted on the upper end of the contact slide plate 741 through a groove. Both ends of the roller 744 are rounded.

[0043] The limiting assembly 84 includes a limiting frame 841 that is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the front and rear slide rods 83 by a buffer spring. The limiting frame 841 is composed of an arc-shaped magnetic plate with front and rear extension plates and a fan-shaped plate. An auxiliary shaft 842 is coaxially installed on the right end of the fan-shaped plate. A positioning magnet 843 is coaxially embedded in the circular notch of the positioning baffle 81 on the right end of the mounting box 72.

[0044] The clamp support part 7 also includes mounting through holes 76 located on the upper sides of both the front and rear ends of the mounting box 72. A chip baffle 77 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting through hole 76. The chip baffle 77 has an L-shaped structure, and the inner wall of the vertical section of the chip baffle 77 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting box 72 by a compression spring.

[0045] In practice:

[0046] First, the clamping support 7 in this application is used to provide auxiliary clamping support for the flange gear shaft; the limiting part 8 is used to cooperate with the three-jaw chuck 51 on the right to firmly clamp the flange gear shaft and drive it to move steadily to the right when the position of the flange gear shaft needs to be adjusted to disengage from the left three-jaw chuck 31 during the turning process; at the same time, the limiting part 8 can also be used to provide a pushing force to the right when the flange end face of the flange gear shaft is milled with annular groove, so as to avoid the flange gear shaft from axial movement during the processing and the problem of wavy vibration.

[0047] It should be noted that the rectangular sliding plate of the contact plate 741 and the two adjacent front and rear limiting sealing plates can form a sealed air chamber. The external air pump controls the telescopic hose 73 to supply / exhaust air, which can generate positive or negative pressure in the sealed air chamber, thereby controlling the contact plate 741 to be unable to slide up and down. Then, through the contact force between the front and rear wedge-shaped sliding plates on the contact plate 741 and the corresponding rollers 744, the front and rear gripper swing arms 743 are driven to move closer or further away from each other, that is, to freely switch between the gripping state and the releasing state. It is worth emphasizing that the outer wall of the gripper swing arm 743 located inside the mounting box 72 can also be equipped with a compression spring (this is prior art and is not shown in the attached figure). Combined with the weight of the gripper swing arm 743, it can further enhance the power when the front and rear gripper swing arms 743 move away from each other, ensuring that the rollers 744 on the lower side of the gripper swing arm 743 always roll in contact with the wedge-shaped end face of the corresponding wedge-shaped sliding plate.

[0048] In the initial state, both the first gantry slide 4 and the second gantry slide 5 are located on the right side of the guide slide 71. The first three-jaw chuck 31 and the second three-jaw chuck 51 are both in the open state. The ejector pin 52 is in the extended state controlled by the hydraulic push rod, and the pneumatic push rod 75 is in the retracted state. At this time, the lower end face of the guide slide 71 is tightly attached to the cradle-type bracket 6. Several electromagnets 82 are in the de-energized state. The limit frame 841 is in the lowest position under the action of the buffer spring and its own gravity. The outer wall of the arc-shaped magnetic plate is movably attached to the upper end face of the guide slide 71. At this time, the limit frame 841 will completely avoid the placement space and processing space of the flange gear shaft.

[0049] Simultaneously, the adaptive clamping groups 74 on both the left and right mounting boxes 72 are in the loose state. At this time, the external air pump is in the depressurization and suction state, and the sealed air chamber inside the mounting box 72 is under negative pressure. The contact slide plate 741 is located at the lowest side inside the mounting box 72. The receiving groove at the lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate can provide clearance space for the corresponding limiting sealing plate. In addition, at this time, the gripper swing arm 743 is in the loose state of opening outward under the action of gravity, completely clearing the space for the shaft section. Then, according to the shaft diameter of the flange gear shaft to be processed and the flange diameter, the initial distance between the two mounting boxes 72 on the guide slide table 71 is adjusted by the electric slide block. It should also be noted that whenever the mounting box 72 slides back and forth on the guide slide table 71, the corresponding telescopic hose 73 on the mounting box 72 will slide freely along the inner wall of the guide slide hole 711 through the sliding sleeve 731 to make adaptive length compensation, always maintaining the communication state with the sealed air chamber.

[0050] In the workpiece pre-clamping and automatic positioning feeding stage, the cradle bracket 6 is first driven by the external servo motor to precisely rotate forward at a suitable angle around the support axis on the central frame base 3, so that the clamping surface of the clamping support part 7 faces the front and is in a feeding position at a suitable height on the front side of the machine tool 1. The clamping area is rotated to a position outside the machine tool 1 that is easy to operate, eliminating the need for manual entry into the narrow space inside the machine tool 1, and completely solving the safety hazard of manual entry into the narrow space inside the machine tool 1 for feeding in traditional processes.

[0051] Next, the operator places the flange gear shaft to be processed onto the adaptive clamping assembly 74 on the two mounting boxes 72, adjusts the position of the flange gear shaft so that its shaft axis is roughly parallel to the flipping axis of the cradle bracket 6, and completes the initial placement of the workpiece. Only rough alignment is required to complete the workpiece placement, eliminating the need for precise manual alignment, which greatly reduces the difficulty of loading and improves loading efficiency. The two mounting boxes 72 are moved synchronously towards the center by the electric slide block, and the adaptive clamping assembly 74 performs pre-clamping and limiting work on the outer wall of the flange gear shaft. Specifically, after the flange gear shaft is placed between the two adaptive clamping assemblies 74, the external air pump is started, and positive pressure compressed air is introduced into the sealed air chamber in the mounting box 72 through the telescopic hose 73. When positive pressure is formed in the sealed air chamber, the positive pressure pushes the abutment slide plate 741 to slide upward and maintains stable pressure until the abutment slide plate 741 is on the ground. The roller 744 at the end rolls and contacts the outer wall of the flange gear shaft segment. During this process, the two wedge-shaped slides move upward synchronously. The two wedge-shaped slides push the rollers 744 on the lower side of the corresponding contact slide 741 outward and away from each other, causing the gripper arm 743 to rotate around the pin 742. The rollers 744 on the upper side of the two gripper arms 743 move towards the middle synchronously and approach each other until the rollers 744 on the upper side of the two gripper arms 743 roll and contact the outer wall of the flange gear shaft segment together. Together with the rollers 744 on the upper side of the contact slide 741, they perform three-point clamping and limiting on the outer wall of the flange gear shaft segment, completing the temporary pre-clamping and limiting work of the flange gear shaft. The pneumatically driven adaptive clamping structure can be adapted to workpieces with different shaft diameters. The clamping force can be precisely adjusted by air pressure. Low-pressure clamping is used in the pre-clamping stage to ensure that the workpiece does not shift or fall off during the flipping process.

[0052] Then, the cradle bracket 6 is driven by the servo motor of the external device to precisely rotate backward around the support axis to a suitable angle and return to the horizontal machining position. The guide slide 71 is moved upward by the two pneumatic push rods 75. The guide slide 71 will drive the two mounting boxes 72 to slide upward synchronously until the two mounting boxes 72 together drive the flange gear shaft into the clamping range of the three-jaw chuck 31 and the ejector pin 52. Then, the electric slide will drive the two mounting boxes 72 to slide back and forth until the two mounting boxes 72 together drive the clamped flange gear shaft to move into the three-jaw chuck. The flange gear shaft is positioned appropriately between the three-jaw chuck 131 and the ejector pin 52. Finally, the three-jaw chuck 131 is controlled to clamp the left end of the flange gear shaft. Then, the gantry slide 25 is controlled to move to the left until the ejector pin 52 presses against the preset hole at the right end of the flange gear shaft. This completes the final positioning and clamping of the flange gear shaft. The flange gear shaft is placed and clamped using a combination of pre-clamping limit, lifting guide rail pair 21 and ejector pin 52. No manual contact with rotating parts is required for any alignment or adjustment throughout the process, completely eliminating the safety hazards of manually supporting the workpiece. The clamping efficiency is also significantly improved compared to the traditional manual clamping method.

[0053] After the flange gear shaft section is machined, and the final positioning and clamping of the flange gear shaft is completed, the external air pump switches to negative pressure mode. A negative pressure is created in the sealed air chamber via the telescopic hose 73. Under this negative pressure, the contact slide plate 741 overcomes the elastic force of the bottom compression spring and slides downwards, causing the two front and rear wedge-shaped slide plates to slide downwards synchronously. Under the weight of the gripper arms 743, the upper ends of the two gripper arms 743 move away from each other synchronously, causing the gripper arms 743 to rotate around the pin 742 until the rollers 74 on the upper side of the two gripper arms 743... 4. Once the rollers 744 on the upper side of the contact slide 741 are both away from the outer wall of the flange gear shaft, the temporary pre-clamping limit on the flange gear shaft can be released. Then, the electric slide controls both the left and right mounting boxes 72 to move to the left side of the guide slide 71 to their limit positions, temporarily avoiding the turning path of the power turret 41. Using a negative pressure drive to quickly release the clamping, the clamping support 7 can move left and right to avoid the cutting tool. The switching between turning and milling processes can be completed without disassembly, avoiding any interference of the clamping support 7 with the turning process, and greatly improving the efficiency of composite machining.

[0054] Next, the spindle speed is set according to the roughing and finishing process requirements by the spindle motor built into the three-jaw chuck 31, so that the flange gear shaft rotates clockwise at a constant speed around its own axis. After the spindle speed stabilizes, the power turret 41 is started. Through the lateral movement of the gantry slide 4 and the indexing of the power turret 41, the external turning tool and the end turning tool are called in sequence to perform roughing and finishing on the right side and the middle part of the flange gear shaft. During the machining process, the lifting guide rail pair 21 remains stationary, and the turning feed is completed only by the linkage of the gantry slide 4 and the power turret 41.

[0055] Then, after the right side and middle of the shaft section are machined, the spindle motor built into the three-jaw chuck 31 stops working. After the flange gear shaft stops rotating completely, the power turret 41 needs to be moved to the left side of the flange gear shaft section to machine the remaining part. Specifically, the electric slide controls both the left and right mounting boxes 72 to move to the right side of the guide slide 71 to the limit position to avoid the subsequent machining path of the power turret 41 until the right mounting box 72 and the right end of the positioning baffle 81 are tightly attached to the left end face of the flange on the flange gear shaft. Then, the hydraulic push rod controls the ejector pin 52 to retract to the right into the three-jaw chuck 51 to release the clamping effect on the right end of the flange gear shaft.

[0056] It is worth emphasizing that the electromagnet 82 and the arc-shaped magnetic plate on the limiting frame 841 have opposite magnetic poles. When the right side mounting box 72 and the right end of the positioning baffle 81 are tightly attached to the left end face of the flange on the flange gear shaft, the two electromagnets 82 on the lower side are energized to generate magnetic force. The limiting frame 841 will move upward along the slide rod 83 under the action of magnetic repulsion until the arc-shaped magnetic plate of the limiting frame 841 is tightly attached to the outer circle surface of the flange. At this time, the positioning magnet 843 will be tightly attracted to the arc-shaped magnetic plate of the limiting frame 841, positioning and stabilizing its position, completing the radial and circumferential precise positioning of the flange on the flange gear shaft. Then, the two electromagnets 82 on the lower side are de-energized to release the magnetic force, and the limiting frame 841 is driven to rise by magnetic repulsion. The movement is smooth and impact-free, avoiding damage to the flange surface. The attraction and positioning of the positioning magnet 843 ensures that the limiting frame 841 will not shift during the workpiece transfer process, ensuring the radial and circumferential positioning accuracy of the flange.

[0057] When the arc-shaped magnetic plate of the limiting bracket 841 is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the flange, the auxiliary shaft 842 will move upward synchronously with the limiting bracket 841 and be coaxial with the flange gear shaft. This allows the three-jaw chuck 2 51 to clamp the auxiliary shaft 842. Then, the three-jaw chuck 1 31 is controlled to release the left end of the flange gear shaft segment, and the three-jaw chuck 2 51 is moved to the right via the gantry slide 2 5. Simultaneously, the electric slide controls the left and right mounting boxes 72 to slide synchronously to the right. At this point, under the combined clamping and limiting action of the three-jaw chuck 2 51, the positioning baffle 81, and the limiting bracket 841, the three-jaw chuck 2 51 and the mounting box 72 will move upward through the auxiliary shaft 842... The limit bracket 841 drives the flange gear shaft to move synchronously to the right until the left end of the flange gear shaft is away from the three-jaw chuck 31, providing sufficient machining space for the subsequent turning machining by the power turret 41. The auxiliary shaft 842 realizes the indirect connection between the three-jaw chuck 51 and the flange, avoiding the problem that the three-jaw chuck 51 is inconvenient to clamp the flange end face and will cause damage to it. At the same time, it can ensure the coaxiality of the workpiece during the transfer process, completely solving the problem that the flange gear shaft cannot be completed by single-process clamping in traditional machining. Moreover, the three-point coordinated clamping transfer method ensures that the workpiece will not deflect or move during the movement, ensuring the transfer accuracy.

[0058] Finally, the spindle speed is set according to the roughing and finishing process requirements by the spindle motor built into the three-jaw chuck 251, so that the flange gear shaft rotates clockwise at a constant speed around its own axis. After the spindle speed stabilizes, the power turret 41 is moved to the left by the gantry slide 4. The power turret 41 is moved to the left side of the flange gear shaft section to perform roughing and finishing turning on the remaining part in sequence. During the machining process, the three-jaw chuck 251 continuously drives the workpiece to rotate, and the clamping support part 7 keeps the clamped state to help support the workpiece and suppress machining vibration. It can also realize the single-process clamping and machining of the entire flange gear shaft section, avoiding positioning errors and coaxiality errors caused by multiple clamping.

[0059] It should be noted that when the mounting box 72 on the right moves to the right and fits against the left end face of the flange on the flange gear shaft, if the flange gear shaft has a stepped shaft structure, the input air pressure of the telescopic hose 73 needs to be adjusted by an external air pump to reduce the upward sliding force of the contact plate 741. This ensures that the contact force against the front and rear gripper arms 743 is maintained only by the elastic force of the compression spring, and the elastic clamping and limiting effect on the flange gear shaft is maintained. Furthermore, since both ends of the rollers 744 are rounded, when several rollers 744 move to the stepped shaft structure, the rollers 744 and the rollers 744 on the contact plate 741... The machine adaptively and elastically avoids and compensates for the squeezing force by moving it away from the flange gear shaft until the right mounting box 72 moves to the right and fits against the left end face of the flange on the flange gear shaft. Then, the input air pressure of the telescopic hose 73 is adjusted by the external air pump to restore it to a suitable positive pressure state, which strengthens the resistance force on the front and rear gripper swing arms 743 and ensures the clamping and limiting effect on the flange gear shaft. The elastic clamping and the rounded corner avoidance design of the roller 744 make the machine adaptable to the processing of workpieces with complex structures such as stepped shafts and splines, avoiding damage and jamming problems to the machined surface of the workpiece during clamping and position adjustment.

[0060] During the milling stage of the flange end face annular groove, after the turning of the left side of the shaft section is completed, the spindle motor built into the three-jaw chuck 251 is first stopped. After the flange gear shaft has completely stopped rotating, the power turret 41 is moved to the right and reset to a safe position by the gantry slide 4 to avoid collision between the power turret 41 and the milling spindle 24 during the milling process, ensuring machining safety. Then, the three-jaw chuck 251 is moved to the left by the gantry slide 25. At the same time, the two mounting boxes 72 on the left and right are slid to the left synchronously by the electric slide. At this time, under the joint clamping and limiting action of the three-jaw chuck 251, the positioning baffle 81 and the limit frame 841, the three-jaw chuck 251 and the mounting box 72 will drive the flange gear shaft to move synchronously to the left through the auxiliary shaft 842 and the limit frame 841 until the left end of the flange gear shaft section moves to the three-jaw chuck 31, thereby realizing the automatic reset of the workpiece without manual intervention. The reset accuracy is consistent with the initial clamping accuracy, ensuring the consistency of the milling machining benchmark.

[0061] Next, control the three-jaw chuck 31 to clamp the left end of the flange gear shaft. After the clamping force stabilizes, set the low-speed rotation speed for milling machining to the spindle motor built into the three-jaw chuck 31, causing the flange gear shaft to rotate clockwise around its own axis at a uniform speed. Once the spindle speed stabilizes, control the three-jaw chuck 51 to release the auxiliary shaft 842, and move the three-jaw chuck 51 to the right away from the flange gear shaft via the gantry slide 25, restoring the clamping method between the three-jaw chuck 31 and the clamping support, providing high-rigidity support for milling machining. Then, control the two electromagnets 82 on the upper side to generate magnetic force. Under the action of magnetic repulsion, the limit bracket 841 will move downward along the slide bar 83 to return to its original position until the limit bracket 841 slides downward at a constant speed away from the flange gear shaft under the action of the buffer spring and its own gravity, releasing the radial and circumferential positioning of the flange. This provides sufficient machining space for the subsequent annular groove milling of the flange end face of the flange gear shaft. Then, the two electromagnets 82 on the upper side are de-energized to release the magnetic force. The automatic reset design of the limit bracket 841 is reliable and requires no additional power. The complete avoidance design provides sufficient space for the milling cutter to complete the entire stroke of machining and avoids interference.

[0062] After the limit bracket 841 slides downward away from the flange gear shaft, the flange of the flange gear shaft is still axially limited and supported by the mounting box 72 and the positioning baffle 81 on the right side. This provides a continuous axial thrust for the milling of the flange end of the flange gear shaft, completely eliminating the axial movement problem of traditional center clamping. Then, the lifting guide rail pair 21 can be controlled to drive the transverse guide rail pair 22 to rise to the machining height. The transverse guide rail pair 22 drives the spindle seat 23 to move to the right, so that the milling cutter on the milling spindle 24 is aligned with the machining position of the annular groove on the flange end face. Then, the milling spindle 24 is started to perform rough milling of the annular groove according to the preset program. During rough milling, a larger cutting depth and feed rate are used to quickly remove most of the excess material. After rough milling, the cutting parameters are adjusted for semi-finish milling and finish milling. During finish milling, a smaller depth of cut and feed rate are used to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of the annular groove. During the machining process, the three-jaw chuck 31 continuously drives the workpiece to rotate at a set speed. The milling spindle 24 drives the milling cutter to rotate at high speed and perform axial feed and radial layered feed until the annular groove is milled. Under the axial limiting support of the mounting box 72 and the positioning baffle 81 on the right side, the flange gear shaft does not vibrate or move during the annular groove milling process, avoiding wavy vibration marks at the bottom of the annular groove, controlling the depth error, and achieving better accuracy than traditional machining methods. At the same time, tool wear is greatly reduced, extending tool life.

[0063] It is worth emphasizing that during the turning and milling of the flange gear shaft, the chip baffle 77 on the mounting box 72, under the action of the compression spring, always elastically abuts against the outer wall of the corresponding gripper arm 743, preventing chips from falling into the mounting box 72 and causing damage or contamination to the parts. At the same time, whenever the gripper arm 743 rotates around the pin 742, the gripper arm 743 will squeeze the corresponding chip baffle 77, causing it to adaptively slide away from the contact slide plate 741 to avoid damage. The adaptive sealing design of the chip baffle 77 can effectively prevent chips and cutting fluid from entering the mounting box 72 and causing damage or contamination to the parts, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs.

[0064] During the workpiece unloading stage, after the flange gear shaft is turned and milled, the spindle motor and milling spindle 24 built into the three-jaw chuck 31 are stopped. After the flange gear shaft and milling cutter have completely stopped rotating, the three-jaw chuck 31 is first released from the left end of the flange gear shaft section to quickly release the main clamping, preparing for workpiece unloading. Then, the electric slide controls the left and right mounting boxes 72 to move synchronously to the right a suitable distance until the left and right mounting boxes 72 together drive the flange gear shaft to the center above the guide slide 71, which is the initial position during the placement stage. The workpiece is moved to the initial loading position to ensure the stability of the flipping unloading process. Then, the external servo motor drives the cradle bracket 6 to rotate around the support axis on the center frame base 3. The cradle-type bracket 6 will drive the guide slide 71 to rotate synchronously at a suitable angle. The guide slide 71 will drive the flange gear shaft to rotate synchronously and face forward through the two mounting boxes 72 on the left and right sides, so that it is in a loading position at a suitable height on the front side of the machine tool 1. The clamping area will be rotated to a position outside the machine tool 1 for easy operation. The rotating unloading design is symmetrical with the loading process, which is convenient and safe to operate and also facilitates automated unloading. Finally, the external air pump will switch to negative pressure air supply. Under the action of negative pressure, the sliding plate 741 will move downward to return to its original position. The two front and rear gripper arms 743 will move outward and move away from each other, thereby releasing the flange gear shaft and releasing the clamping and limiting effect on it. Then the operator can take out the processed flange gear shaft.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware, characterized in that, include: Machine tool (1), milling part (2) is provided on the inner rear side of machine tool (1), and a center frame base (3) is installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of machine tool (1) in front of milling part (2). The center frame base (3) is an F-shaped structure. Gantry slide seat one (4) and gantry slide seat two (5) are slidably mounted on the right side of the center frame base (3) from left to right. A cradle bracket (6) is rotatably mounted on the center frame base (3) through a support shaft. A clamping support part (7) is provided on the cradle bracket (6). A limit part (8) is provided on the clamping support part (7). The milling section (2) includes a lifting guide rail pair (21) installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the machine tool (1). A transverse guide rail pair (22) is slidably installed on the lifting guide rail pair (21) through a connecting seat. A spindle seat (23) is slidably installed on the transverse guide rail pair (22) through a connecting seat. A milling spindle (24) for installing milling cutters is installed on the spindle seat (23). The clamping support (7) includes a guide slide (71) located on the inner wall of the bottom end of the cradle bracket (6). The guide slide (71) has a mounting box (72) installed on both the left and right sides via an electric slide. The mounting box (72) is equipped with an adaptive clamping group (74). The lower end of the cradle bracket (6) is symmetrically connected with pneumatic push rods (75) for driving the guide slide (71) to move up and down.

2. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the gantry slide block one (4) is slidably mounted with a tower base via a slide rail. A power turret (41) is mounted on the left end of the tower base. A three-jaw chuck one (31) is mounted on the left vertical section of the center frame base (3) facing the gantry slide block one (4) via a spindle box. A three-jaw chuck two (51) is mounted on the upper end of the gantry slide block two (5) corresponding to the three-jaw chuck one (31) via a spindle box. A ejector pin (52) is slidably mounted on the three-jaw chuck two (51) via a hydraulic push rod.

3. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting part (8) includes a positioning baffle (81) integrated on the upper right side of the right mounting box (72). The positioning baffle (81) is a rectangular plate structure with a semi-circular notch in the middle of the upper end. Several electromagnets (82) are evenly distributed in a rectangular shape on the right end of the right mounting box (72). A sliding rod (83) is installed between the corresponding upper and lower electromagnets (82). A limiting group (84) is also provided on the right mounting box (72).

4. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp support (7) also includes a guide slide hole (711) that is opened on the guide slide (71) and the cradle bracket (6). The guide slide hole (711) is waist-shaped. The mounting box (72) is a box structure with an open top. The upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the mounting box (72) are symmetrically and integrally installed with limit sealing plates. The lower middle part of the mounting box (72) is connected to a telescopic hose (73). The outer wall of the telescopic hose (73) is movably fitted with a sliding sleeve (731) corresponding to the guide slide (71) and the cradle bracket (6). The outer wall of the sliding sleeve (731) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide slide hole (711).

5. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive clamping assembly (74) includes an abutting slide plate (741) that is slidably installed in the middle of the inner wall of the mounting box (72). The abutting slide plate (741) consists of a rectangular slide plate and two wedge-shaped slide plates at the front and rear. The side wall of the rectangular slide plate is simultaneously slidably connected to the side wall of several limiting sealing plates. The lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate is connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the mounting box (72) by a compression spring. The lower end of the wedge-shaped slide plate is also provided with a receiving groove corresponding to the limiting sealing plate.

6. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adaptive clamping assembly (74) also includes a pin (742) symmetrically installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the mounting box (72). A gripper arm (743) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the pin (742). Rollers (744) are rotatably installed at both the upper and lower ends of the gripper arm (743) through grooves. The lower roller (744) rolls and contacts the wedge end face of the corresponding wedge-shaped slide plate. A roller (744) is also rotatably installed at the upper end of the contact slide plate (741) through a groove. Both the left and right ends of the roller (744) are rounded.

7. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting group (84) includes a limiting frame (841) that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the front and rear slide rods (83) by a buffer spring. The limiting frame (841) is composed of an arc-shaped magnetic plate with front and rear extension plates and a fan-shaped plate. An auxiliary shaft (842) is coaxially installed on the right end of the fan-shaped plate. A positioning magnet (843) is coaxially embedded in the circular notch of the positioning baffle (81) on the right end of the mounting box (72).

8. The CNC milling composite machining equipment for machining ring grooves in hardware according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamp support part (7) also includes mounting through holes (76) located on the upper sides of both the front and rear ends of the mounting box (72). A chip baffle (77) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting through hole (76). The chip baffle (77) has an L-shaped structure. The vertical section of the chip baffle (77) is connected to the inner wall of the mounting box (72) by a compression spring.

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