Anti-reflective fiber for vehicle and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an anti-reflective fiber for automobiles and its preparation method, belonging to the field of fiber technology. It solves the problems of existing technologies, such as the inability to adjust light intensity, high reflected light intensity, and lack of sustained diffuse reflection. The fiber comprises a monofilament body with irregular cross-sections (multi-leaf, cross-shaped, W-shaped, etc.), and a temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive with a textured surface irradiated onto the monofilament body. By irradiating the surface of the monofilament body with the temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, the invention allows the monofilament body to control the absorption of light by individual filaments based on temperature, ensuring sufficient illumination inside the car at night while effectively absorbing high-intensity light during the day to prevent glare. The monofilament body is filled with a matting agent and nano-silica, utilizing these agents to capture, absorb, and scatter light, fundamentally reducing reflected light intensity. A stable, rough structure is constructed on the surface of the monofilament body through radiation cross-linking, ensuring efficient and sustained diffuse reflection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fiber technology, and more specifically, relates to an anti-reflective fiber for automobiles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The specular reflections produced by automotive interior components (such as dashboards, steering wheel trim, A / B / C pillars, and seat fabrics) under sunlight or strong light can project reflections onto the windshield and side windows, creating glare. This glare can severely impair the driver's vision, and momentary visual blurring or distraction is a potential factor in traffic accidents, especially at high speeds and in complex road conditions. To address the glare problem, a matte paint layer is often applied to the surface of automotive interior components. However, this matte paint has poor abrasion resistance, is easily scratched and peels off, and the VOCs emitted from it contribute to pollution inside the vehicle. Furthermore, the glare becomes even more severe once the coating deteriorates. Another approach is to use embossed textured plastics for anti-reflective purposes, creating tiny raised textures on the surface of automotive interior components using molds to reduce the impact of light. However, this texture wears down over time, resulting in poor durability of the anti-reflective effect. Therefore, there is a need to develop an automotive anti-reflective fiber with durable anti-reflective properties and effective light absorption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an anti-reflective fiber for automobiles that adjusts light intensity based on temperature, effectively reduces reflected light intensity, and provides long-lasting diffuse reflection, as well as a method for its preparation.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An anti-reflective fiber for automobiles comprises a monofilament body with irregular cross-sections such as multi-leaf, cross, and W-shapes. The surface of the monofilament body is irradiated with a temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive with a textured surface. The irregular cross-section of the monofilament body creates a microstructure on the fiber surface, transforming incident light from specular reflection to soft diffuse reflection, thereby effectively improving the fiber's diffuse reflection effect.

[0005] A method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber includes the following steps: S1 involves crushing, washing, drying, and then melting waste polyester to obtain waste polyester melt; S2 Add waste polyester melt, methanol as alcoholysis agent, and zinc acetate as alcoholysis catalyst to a medium-pressure methanol alcoholysis unit, and alcoholysis is carried out at 170-190℃ and 4.5-5.5 MPa for 2-3 hours to obtain alcoholysis product; S3 The above alcoholysis product is passed into a flash evaporation device and continuously flashed at 200-220°C and 0.1-0.5 MPa. Then it is put into a transesterification vessel, ethylene glycol is added, transesterification is carried out, and the product is filtered to obtain transesterified product. S4. Add transester, matting agent, initiator and catalyst to polycondensation reactor, and react at 130-160℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 1-3 hours to obtain matte polyester. S5 mixes matte polyester and carbon black masterbatch in a dynamic mixer, then adds it to a screw extruder for melt granulation, and then extrudes it through a booster pump and a spinning assembly to obtain anti-reflective coarse fiber. S6 produces automotive anti-reflective fiber by irradiating and cross-linking it with temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, cooling and molding, oiling, using guide hooks, GR1 guide rollers, GR2 guide rollers, and winding. Since the main body of the monofilament is an irregularly shaped fiber, conventional side-blowing cooling can easily cause uneven cooling and deformation. Therefore, a ring-blowing air box is used for ring-blowing cooling during molding, which is more uniform than conventional side-blowing cooling.

[0006] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of waste polyester melt to alcoholysis agent and zinc acetate is 1:8 to 15:0.1.

[0007] Preferably, in step S4, the matting agent is one of nano-titanium dioxide or silicon dioxide, the catalyst is one of stannous octoate, tin oxide, dibutyltin oxide, stannous chloride, or tin lactate, and the initiator is one of monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, or polyhydric alcohol.

[0008] Preferably, in step S5, the spinning assembly includes a spinneret that ejects monofilaments with irregular cross-sections. The spinneret includes a spinneret body, and the surface of the spinneret body is provided with multiple spinneret holes with cross-sections of multi-leaf, cross, or W.

[0009] Preferably, the method for preparing the irradiation crosslinked temperature-sensitive microgel in step S5 includes the following steps: (1) By weight, 10 parts of color developer, 30 parts of leuco agent and 120 parts of higher fatty alcohol are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain color-changing material; (2) Add 30 parts of Span 80 to 40 mL of liquid paraffin, heat to 50 °C and stir until completely dissolved. Add the color-changing material dropwise to the paraffin solution under medium speed stirring and disperse for 1 h. Transfer the reaction system to a microwave reaction device, add n-butyraldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol, and then place the matting polyester in the solution. React at 70 °C for 15 min under 260 W microwave power. Filter and wash away the residual liquid paraffin and organic reagents with petroleum ether and anhydrous ethanol. Wash with water until neutral and vacuum dry at 60 °C for 24 h to obtain the anti-reflective coarse fiber for automobiles made of irradiated cross-linked temperature-sensitive microgel.

[0010] Preferably, in step (1), the leucoant is crystal violet lactone, the color developer is one or more of bisphenol A, phenol, and lauric acid, and the higher fatty alcohol is one or more of tetradecanol, hexadecyl alcohol, and octadecyl alcohol. Under acidic conditions, crystal violet lactone undergoes lactone ring cleavage to form a quinone-type large π-bonded colored group, emitting a bright, high-concentration blue-violet color, with maximum reflected light absorption at 609.8 nm.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the main function of the temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive is to provide temperature sensing. When the temperature is higher than the critical point, the temperature-sensitive adhesive becomes transparent. At this time, the monofilament body performs light extinction, effectively eliminating reflection and flickering. The degree of extinction can be controlled by adjusting the amount of matting agent added. When the temperature is lower than the critical point, the temperature-sensitive adhesive becomes opaque. At this time, the monofilament body does not perform light extinction, ensuring the lighting inside the car.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes a cross-linked temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive irradiated onto the surface of a monofilament substrate. This allows the monofilament substrate to control the absorption of light by individual monofilament cells based on temperature, ensuring sufficient illumination inside the car at night while absorbing high-intensity light during the day to prevent glare. The monofilament substrate is filled with a matting agent and nano-silica, which, along with the scattering agent, achieve light capture, absorption, and scattering, fundamentally reducing the intensity of reflected light. Furthermore, a stable, rough structure is constructed on the surface of the monofilament substrate using a radiation cross-linking method, ensuring efficient and durable diffuse reflection. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments: This invention provides an anti-reflective fiber for vehicles, comprising a monofilament body with irregular cross-sections such as multi-leaf, cross, and W-shapes, wherein the surface of the monofilament body is irradiated with a temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive with a textured surface.

[0014] A method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber includes the following steps: S1 involves crushing, washing, drying, and then melting waste polyester to obtain waste polyester melt; S2 Add waste polyester melt, methanol as an alcoholysis agent, and zinc acetate as an alcoholysis catalyst to a medium-pressure methanol alcoholysis unit, and alcoholysis is carried out at 170-190℃ and 4.5-5.5 MPa for 2-3 hours to obtain alcoholysis product. The mass ratio of waste polyester melt to alcoholysis agent and zinc acetate is 1:8-15:0.1. S3 The above alcoholysis product is passed into a flash evaporation device and continuously flashed at 200-220°C and 0.1-0.5 MPa. Then it is put into a transesterification vessel, ethylene glycol is added, transesterification is carried out, and the product is filtered to obtain transesterified product. S4. Add transester, matting agent, initiator and catalyst to polycondensation reactor, and react at 130-160℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 1-3 hours to obtain matte polyester. S5 mixes matte polyester and carbon black masterbatch in a dynamic mixer, then adds it to a screw extruder for melt granulation, and then extrudes it through a booster pump and a spinning assembly to obtain anti-reflective coarse fiber. S6 is made by irradiating and cross-linking anti-reflective coarse fibers with temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, cooling and molding, oiling, using guide hooks, GR1 guide rollers, GR2 guide rollers, and winding to obtain automotive anti-reflective fibers.

[0015] The obtained automotive anti-reflective fiber was tested for gloss according to ASTM D523 standard, and its performance was ≤10 GU, reaching the ultra-matte standard; the diffuse reflectance was measured using an integrating sphere, and its diffuse reflectance was ≥85%; the abrasion resistance was measured according to ISO 12947, and the abrasion resistance was ≥20,000 times, and the surface showed no gloss.

[0016] In step S4, the matting agent is one of nano-titanium dioxide or silicon dioxide, the catalyst is one of stannous octoate, tin oxide, dibutyltin oxide, stannous chloride, or tin lactate, and the initiator is one of monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, or polyhydric alcohol.

[0017] In step S5, the spinning assembly includes a spinneret that ejects monofilaments with irregular cross-sections. The spinneret includes a spinneret body, and the surface of the spinneret body is provided with multiple spinneret holes with cross-sections of multi-leaf, cross, or W.

[0018] The preparation method of the irradiation crosslinked temperature-sensitive microgel in step S5 includes the following steps: (1) By weight, 10 parts of color developer, 30 parts of leucoant and 120 parts of higher fatty alcohol are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain color-changing material, wherein the leucoant is crystal violet lactone, the color developer is one or more of bisphenol A, phenol and lauric acid, and the higher fatty alcohol is one or more of tetradecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol and octadecyl alcohol. (2) Add 30 parts of Span 80 to 40 mL of liquid paraffin, heat to 50 °C and stir until completely dissolved. Under medium-speed stirring, add the color-changing material dropwise to the paraffin solution and disperse for 1 h. Transfer the reaction system to a microwave reaction apparatus, add n-butyraldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol, and then place the matting polyester in the solution. React at 70 °C for 15 min under 260 W microwave power. Filter, wash away residual liquid paraffin and organic reagents with petroleum ether and anhydrous ethanol, wash with water until neutral, and vacuum dry at 60 °C for 24 h to obtain the anti-reflective coarse fiber for automobiles with irradiated cross-linked temperature-sensitive microgel. The anti-reflective fiber for automobiles with irradiated cross-linked temperature-sensitive microgel is used in automotive interiors. When the temperature is below 25 °C, the fiber color is blue, and when the temperature is above 25 °C, the fiber color is colorless. Example 1

[0019] A method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber includes the following steps: S1 involves crushing, washing, drying, and then melting waste polyester to obtain waste polyester melt; S2 is added to a medium-pressure methanol alcoholysis unit at a mass ratio of 1:8 to 15:0.1, along with waste polyester melt, methanol as an alcoholysis agent, and zinc acetate as an alcoholysis catalyst. The mixture is then alcoholyzed at 170 to 190°C and 4.5 to 5.5 MPa for 2 to 3 hours to obtain the alcoholysis product. S3 The above alcoholysis product is passed into a flash evaporation device and continuously flashed at 200-220°C and 0.1-0.5 MPa. Then it is put into a transesterification vessel, ethylene glycol is added, transesterification is carried out, and the product is filtered to obtain transesterified product. S4 Add 90 parts of transesterification material, 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.1 parts of lauryl alcohol and 0.25 parts of stannous octoate to a polycondensation reactor, and react at 145°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours to obtain a matte polyester. S5 mixes matte polyester and carbon black masterbatch in a dynamic mixer, then adds it to a screw extruder for melt granulation, and then extrudes it through a booster pump and a spinning assembly to obtain anti-reflective coarse fiber. S6 is made by irradiating and cross-linking anti-reflective coarse fibers with temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, cooling and molding, oiling, using guide hooks, GR1 guide rollers, GR2 guide rollers, and winding to obtain automotive anti-reflective fibers. Example 2

[0020] A method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber includes the following steps: S1 involves crushing, washing, drying, and then melting waste polyester to obtain waste polyester melt; S2 is added to a medium-pressure methanol alcoholysis unit at a mass ratio of 1:8 to 15:0.1, along with waste polyester melt, methanol as an alcoholysis agent, and zinc acetate as an alcoholysis catalyst. The mixture is then alcoholyzed at 170 to 190°C and 4.5 to 5.5 MPa for 2 to 3 hours to obtain the alcoholysis product. S3 The above alcoholysis product is passed into a flash evaporation device and continuously flashed at 200-220°C and 0.1-0.5 MPa. Then it is put into a transesterification vessel, ethylene glycol is added, transesterification is carried out, and the product is filtered to obtain transesterified product. S4 Add 80 parts of transesterification material, 1 part of nano titanium dioxide, 0.2 parts of 1,4-butanediol and 0.3 parts of stannous octoate to a polycondensation reactor, and react at 150°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 4 hours to obtain a matte polyester. S5 mixes matte polyester and carbon black masterbatch in a dynamic mixer, then adds it to a screw extruder for melt granulation, and then extrudes it through a booster pump and a spinning assembly to obtain anti-reflective coarse fiber. S6 is made by irradiating and cross-linking anti-reflective coarse fibers with temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, cooling and molding, oiling, using guide hooks, GR1 guide rollers, GR2 guide rollers, and winding to obtain automotive anti-reflective fibers. Example 3

[0021] A method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber includes the following steps: S1 involves crushing, washing, drying, and then melting waste polyester to obtain waste polyester melt; S2 is added to a medium-pressure methanol alcoholysis unit at a mass ratio of 1:8 to 15:0.1, along with waste polyester melt, methanol as an alcoholysis agent, and zinc acetate as an alcoholysis catalyst. The mixture is then alcoholyzed at 170 to 190°C and 4.5 to 5.5 MPa for 2 to 3 hours to obtain the alcoholysis product. S3 The above alcoholysis product is passed into a flash evaporation device and continuously flashed at 200-220°C and 0.1-0.5 MPa. Then it is put into a transesterification vessel, ethylene glycol is added, transesterification is carried out, and the product is filtered to obtain transesterified product. S4 Add 90 parts of transesterification material, 2 parts of nano-silica, 0.1 parts of lauryl alcohol and 0.3 parts of stannous octoate to a polycondensation reactor, and react at 155°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours to obtain a matte polyester. S5 mixes matte polyester and carbon black masterbatch in a dynamic mixer, then adds it to a screw extruder for melt granulation, and then extrudes it through a booster pump and a spinning assembly to obtain anti-reflective coarse fiber. S6 is made by irradiating and cross-linking anti-reflective coarse fibers with temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, cooling and molding, oiling, using guide hooks, GR1 guide rollers, GR2 guide rollers, and winding to obtain automotive anti-reflective fibers.

[0022] In summary, these are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made in accordance with the shape, structure, features, and spirit of the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-reflective fiber for automobiles, characterized in that, It includes a monofilament body with irregular cross-sections such as multi-leaf, cross, and W-shape, and the surface of the monofilament body is irradiated with a temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive with a textured surface.

2. A method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 involves crushing, washing, drying, and then melting waste polyester to obtain waste polyester melt; S2 Add waste polyester melt, methanol as alcoholysis agent, and zinc acetate as alcoholysis catalyst to a medium-pressure methanol alcoholysis unit, and alcoholysis is carried out at 170-190℃ and 4.5-5.5 MPa for 2-3 hours to obtain alcoholysis product; S3 The above alcoholysis product is passed into a flash evaporation device and continuously flashed at 200-220°C and 0.1-0.5 MPa. Then it is put into a transesterification vessel, ethylene glycol is added, transesterification is carried out, and the product is filtered to obtain transesterified product. S4. Add transester, matting agent, initiator and catalyst to polycondensation reactor, and react at 130-160℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 1-3 hours to obtain matte polyester. S5 mixes matte polyester and carbon black masterbatch in a dynamic mixer, then adds it to a screw extruder for melt granulation, and then extrudes it through a booster pump and a spinning assembly to obtain anti-reflective coarse fiber. S6 produces automotive anti-reflective fiber by irradiating and cross-linking it with temperature-sensitive micro-adhesive, cooling and molding, oiling, using guide hooks, GR1 guide rollers, GR2 guide rollers, and winding. Since the main body of the monofilament is an irregularly shaped fiber, conventional side-blowing cooling can easily cause uneven cooling and deformation. Therefore, a ring-blowing air box is used for ring-blowing cooling during molding, which is more uniform than conventional side-blowing cooling.

3. The method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of waste polyester melt to alcoholysis agent and zinc acetate is 1:8 to 15:0.

1.

4. The method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the matting agent is one of nano-titanium dioxide or silicon dioxide, the catalyst is one of stannous octoate, tin oxide, dibutyltin oxide, stannous chloride, or tin lactate, and the initiator is one of monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, or polyhydric alcohol.

5. The method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S5, the spinning assembly includes a spinneret that ejects monofilaments with irregular cross-sections. The spinneret includes a spinneret body, and the surface of the spinneret body is provided with multiple spinneret holes with cross-sections of multi-leaf, cross, or W.

6. The method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the irradiation crosslinked temperature-sensitive microgel in step S5 includes the following steps: (1) By weight, 10 parts of color developer, 30 parts of leuco agent and 120 parts of higher fatty alcohol are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain color-changing material; (2) Add 30 parts of Span 80 to 40 mL of liquid paraffin, heat to 50 °C and stir until completely dissolved. Add the color-changing material dropwise to the paraffin solution under medium speed stirring and disperse for 1 h. Transfer the reaction system to a microwave reaction device, add n-butyraldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol, and then place the matting polyester in the solution. React at 70 °C for 15 min under 260 W microwave power. Filter and wash away the residual liquid paraffin and organic reagents with petroleum ether and anhydrous ethanol. Wash with water until neutral and vacuum dry at 60 °C for 24 h to obtain the anti-reflective coarse fiber for automobiles made of irradiated cross-linked temperature-sensitive microgel.

7. The method for preparing automotive anti-reflective fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the leucoant is crystal violet lactone, the color developer is one or more of bisphenol A, phenol, and lauric acid, and the higher fatty alcohol is one or more of tetradecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol, and octadecyl alcohol.