Human biomechanical energy harvesting device and harvesting method

Abstract

This invention relates to a human biomechanical energy harvesting device and method, belonging to the technical field of energy harvesting and wearable devices. It captures low-frequency oscillations of human joints through a wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism, converts this motion into rotational motion via a primary transmission component, and then inputs it to a mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism integrating a spiral spring, a trigger cam, and a dual-channel alternating release architecture. This achieves mechanical conditioning of low-frequency energy storage followed by high-frequency burst generation, and finally, the electromechanical conversion is completed through a power generation module. This invention, on the one hand, utilizes a dual-channel alternating trigger mechanism to eliminate power release interruptions, achieving continuous and smooth electrical energy output; on the other hand, through unidirectional mechanical decoupling and a coaxial nested structure at the transmission end, it eliminates reverse drag resistance, improves wearability, and achieves a compact and lightweight overall design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy harvesting and wearable devices, and in particular to a human biomechanical energy harvesting device and harvesting method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of energy harvesting and wearable device technologies, there is an urgent need for continuous, lightweight, and highly integrated power supply systems. In the aforementioned application scenarios, utilizing daily human movement to recover and convert biomechanical energy has become a promising portable micro-energy solution. Its characteristic lies in its ability to directly convert the low-frequency, intermittent mechanical energy generated during human activity into electrical energy, thereby eliminating dependence on traditional chemical batteries.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to collect and convert human mechanical energy, an electromagnetic energy harvester is usually used in conjunction with a transmission mechanism to transmit the motion input of human joints to a generator for power generation.

[0004] However, the existing human energy harvesting devices still have the following problems in practical applications: First, human movement is characterized by low frequency and irregularity, making it difficult for traditional transmission methods to keep the generator in the high-efficiency operating range, resulting in low overall power generation efficiency. Secondly, the structure using a single-stage energy storage mechanism is prone to power interruption after energy release, accompanied by large transient mechanical shocks, which not only makes the output power discontinuous, but also affects the service life of the device. In addition, the electronic control or complex mechanical structure used in existing devices to achieve frequency regulation is often bulky and heavy, which not only reduces the portability and comfort of wearing them, but also easily introduces reverse damping, increasing the metabolic burden on the user while walking.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve efficient, smooth, and continuous electrical energy output from low-frequency input while maintaining structural compactness has become a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing production technology, the applicant provides a human biomechanical energy harvesting device and method, which can accumulate the extremely low-frequency swing energy of the human knee joint and release it in the form of high-frequency pulses, greatly improving the generator speed and electromagnetic conversion efficiency, and effectively solving the problem of low generator output voltage and ineffective charging under low-speed conditions.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A human biomechanical energy harvesting device, comprising: Wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism, which is configured to be worn on the joints of the human body to generate mechanical energy input in response to the swinging of the human joints; The support frame assembly is mounted on the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism and serves as the load-bearing base for the entire device; A primary transmission component, which is mounted on the support frame assembly and is connected to the output end of the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism, is used to convert the mechanical energy input into rotational motion. A mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism, mounted on the support frame assembly and connected to the output end of the primary transmission assembly, comprises: An energy storage input subsystem includes an energy storage ratchet housing, a spiral spring, and a central locking shaft. The energy storage ratchet housing is connected to the output end of the primary transmission assembly. The spiral spring is housed within the energy storage ratchet housing, with its outer spiral end coupled to the inner wall of the energy storage ratchet housing and its inner spiral end anchored to the central locking shaft, so as to convert the input low-frequency rotational motion into the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring for storage. A frequency modulation subsystem includes a trigger cam, an L-shaped rocker arm, and a stop ratchet. The trigger cam is drivenly connected to the output end of the primary transmission assembly. The stop ratchet is anchored to the central locking shaft. The L-shaped rocker arm is oscillatingly supported on the support frame assembly. Its excited end abuts against the contour of the trigger cam, and its locking end is configured to selectively engage or disengage from the stop ratchet to periodically release the central locking shaft according to the rotation of the trigger cam. A power generation module, which is mounted on the support frame assembly and is connected to the central locking shaft via an output transmission subsystem, converts the released elastic potential energy into electrical energy.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: In one embodiment, the upper end of the support frame assembly is rigidly connected to the thigh clamp and thigh support rod in the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism, and its lower end is anchored to the knee support axis to form a rigid triangular support structure that is stationary relative to the human thigh. The support frame assembly has a positioning shaft hole in the middle. A mechanical rectifier fixing rod passes through the positioning shaft hole and is rigidly connected to the housing of the mechanical rectifier and conditioning mechanism to implement circumferential anti-rotation constraint on the housing.

[0009] In one embodiment, the primary transmission component is disposed on the inner side wall of the support frame component; a partial reinforcing boss is integrally formed in the middle of the side wall of the support frame component, and a shaft fixing hole is provided on the partial reinforcing boss; one end of the transmission connecting shaft is fixed in the shaft fixing hole, the inner ring of the rolling bearing is sleeved on the transmission connecting shaft, and the gear hub of the primary transmission component is fixed in conjunction with the outer ring of the rolling bearing.

[0010] In one embodiment, the energy storage input subsystem further includes: An input shaft gear meshes with the output end of the primary transmission assembly; The first one-way bearing has its inner ring circumferentially fixed to the input shaft of the mechanical rectifier and its outer ring fixed to the hub of the input shaft gear, so as to lock and transmit power when the input shaft gear rotates in a first direction and to override and disengage when rotating in the opposite direction. The intermediate speed-increasing gear set has its input end connected to the input shaft of the mechanical rectifier and its output end connected to the energy storage ratchet housing.

[0011] In one embodiment, the energy storage ratchet housing is coaxially mounted on the spiral spring input shaft and circumferentially fixed thereto; the spiral spring input shaft is connected to the output end of the intermediate speed-increasing gear set; the central hole of the energy storage ratchet housing is supported on the central locking shaft by a rolling bearing, so that the energy storage ratchet housing and the central locking shaft can rotate relatively independently.

[0012] In one embodiment, the energy storage input subsystem further includes a pawl assembly for one-way locking, the pawl assembly comprising: A pawl holder is rigidly mounted on the housing of the mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism; The sliding pawl body is slidably housed in the guide cavity of the pawl fixing seat and selectively engages with the teeth on the outer periphery of the energy storage ratchet housing; A reset elastic element is disposed between the pawl retainer and the sliding pawl body to provide a biasing force toward the energy storage ratchet housing to the sliding pawl body.

[0013] In one embodiment, the frequency modulation subsystem further includes a rocker arm support shaft and a reset torsion spring; the rocker arm support shaft is securely supported on the support frame assembly, and the L-shaped rocker arm is rotatably sleeved on the rocker arm support shaft; the reset torsion spring is sleeved on the rocker arm support shaft, with one end connected to the rocker arm support shaft and the other end connected to the L-shaped rocker arm, to apply a biasing torque to the L-shaped rocker arm to keep its locking end engaged with the stop ratchet; the trigger cam is coaxially fixed on the mechanical rectifier input shaft, and its profile is provided with trigger crests to push the excited end of the L-shaped rocker arm during rotation, overcoming the biasing torque of the reset torsion spring, so that the locking end is momentarily disengaged from the stop ratchet.

[0014] In one embodiment, the output drive subsystem includes: The acceleration output hollow shaft is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumference of the mechanical rectifier input shaft via rolling bearings, so as to achieve independent rotation with the mechanical rectifier input shaft; The generator linkage gear set has its input end connected to the central locking shaft and its output end connected to the acceleration output hollow shaft. The second one-way bearing has its inner ring anchored to the central locking shaft, and its outer ring engages with the input stage gear of the generator linkage gear set to lock and transmit power in the rotational direction in which the elastic potential energy is released by the central locking shaft.

[0015] In one embodiment, the mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism adopts a dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture with vertical symmetry; the dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture includes: two sets of energy storage input subsystems arranged symmetrically along the axial direction, and two sets of corresponding L-shaped rocker arms; the trigger cam sequentially and alternately triggers the two sets of L-shaped rocker arms during the rotation cycle, causing the corresponding central locking shaft to alternately release elastic potential energy, thereby driving the output transmission subsystem to output continuous pulse power.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for harvesting human biomechanical energy, applied to the aforementioned human biomechanical energy harvesting device, comprising: Capture steps: Biomechanical energy is captured in response to the swinging of the human joints by wearing a wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism worn on the joints of the human body; Rectification and energy storage steps: The captured reciprocating oscillation is converted into unidirectional rotational motion through the cooperation of the first-stage transmission component and the first one-way bearing, and the energy storage input subsystem is driven to convert the rotational mechanical energy into the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring for storage. Frequency modulation step: The L-shaped rocker arm is periodically driven to swing by the trigger cam that rotates synchronously with the input shaft to control the locking and releasing of the stop ratchet and the center locking shaft, and the accumulated elastic potential energy is released in a pulsed manner at a preset frequency. Power generation steps: The released pulsed mechanical energy is transmitted to the power generation module through the output transmission subsystem and converted into electrical energy output.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention features a compact structure. Addressing the low-frequency, irregular nature of human movement, it abandons the traditional "input equals output" direct-drive mode and introduces an energy storage input subsystem comprised of a spiral spring, an energy storage ratchet housing, and a central locking shaft. This subsystem efficiently stores the extremely low-frequency, high-torque swing energy of the human knee joint as elastic potential energy within the spiral spring. Subsequently, the instantaneous release of this potential energy is controlled by a frequency modulation subsystem (the interaction between a trigger cam and an L-shaped rocker arm), enabling the generator to receive a high-speed pulse input far exceeding the input frequency. Through this mechanical conditioning mechanism of low-frequency energy storage and high-frequency burst generation, the invention solves the problem of low output voltage and ineffective charging caused by the generator's inability to reach its rated speed under low-speed conditions in traditional devices, significantly improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0018] This invention also has the following advantages: To solve the problems of power vacuum period and discontinuous output in traditional single-stage energy storage mechanisms, this invention adopts a dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture with vertical symmetry. Specifically, it sets up two sets of axially symmetrical spiral spring units and a trigger cam, which pushes open the two sets of L-shaped rocker arms in sequence through a convex peak. During operation, when one set of spiral springs releases energy, the other set is locked in a stored energy state. When the cam rotates, it alternately triggers the two sets of L-shaped rocker arms, causing the two sets of spring units to release energy in a "one after another" cycle. This alternating working mode not only doubles the output frequency and effectively fills the power generation dead zone of the single spring structure during the reset process, but also significantly smooths the fluctuation of the output torque, making the final power output more continuous and stable.

[0019] This invention integrates a second and a third one-way bearing at the end of the transmission chain, namely the generator linkage gear set. This allows the high-speed rotating generator rotor to continue rotating freely (flywheel effect) under its own rotational inertia, through the overriding function of the one-way bearing, by mechanically decoupling from the input end when the human body stops moving, is in a gait reversal phase, or suddenly decelerates. This not only avoids the reverse impact on the generator rotor caused by sudden stops at the input end in traditional rigid transmission systems, but more importantly, it eliminates the resistance generated by the reverse drag of the gear system, preventing sudden stop impact on the wearer's knee joint. This significantly reduces the human body's muscle burden and metabolic consumption, and improves the comfort and safety of wearing for extended periods.

[0020] On one hand, the output transmission subsystem of this invention adopts a coaxial nesting design of the acceleration shaft sleeve input shaft, enabling the acceleration output hollow shaft and the mechanical rectifier input shaft to rotate independently on the same axis, greatly reducing the axial dimension of the mechanism; on the other hand, the power generation module adopts an axial flux topology structure of dual rotor and single stator, making full use of radial space and forming a flat layout; through the combination of the above two designs, this invention enables the device to maintain a thin and lightweight shape, greatly improving its portability and concealment as a wearable device.

[0021] In this invention, a torsion spring is coaxially mounted at the hinge of the thigh support rod and the calf support rod in the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism. One end of the torsion spring is anchored to the stationary knee support shaft, and the other end is anchored to the sector gear part on the movable calf support arm. During the knee joint extension stroke, the spring is stretched to store some biokinetic energy. During the knee joint flexion stroke, the spring releases potential energy to generate a restoring torque, which assists the calf in the repositioning movement. This converts the originally passively recovered energy into active assistance for the wearer, playing a role in gravity compensation and further reducing the muscle burden and metabolic consumption during walking. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the human biomechanical energy harvesting device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the human biomechanical energy harvesting device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism and the primary transmission component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism of the present invention under an explosive state.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the coaxial nested structure of the energy storage ratchet assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A sectional view along line AA.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural view of the spiral spring of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of part A.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pawl assembly in an exploded state according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10for Figure 9 CC-direction sectional view.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical frequency regulator structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the hollow shaft for accelerating output according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the energy harvesting process of the present invention.

[0035] The components include: 1. Wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism; 2. Support frame assembly; 3. Primary transmission assembly; 4. Mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism; 5. Power generation module; 6. Thigh clamp; 7. Lower leg clamp; 8. Thigh support rod; 9. Torsion spring; 10. Lower leg support rod; 11. Input shaft gear; 12. First one-way bearing; 13. Intermediate speed-increasing gear set; 14. Energy storage ratchet housing; 15. Pawl assembly; 16. Spiral spring; 17. Trigger cam; 18. L-shaped rocker arm; 19. Output control ratchet; 20. Second one-way bearing; 21. Third... 21. One-way bearing; 22. Generator linkage gear set; 23. Knee support shaft; 24. Mechanical rectifier fixing rod; 25. Transmission connecting shaft; 26. Mechanical rectifier input shaft; 27. Scroll spring input shaft; 28. Center locking shaft; 29. ​​Mechanical rectifier housing; 30. Rocker arm support shaft; 31. Return torsion spring; 32. Elliptical center support plate; 33. Elliptical left end support plate; 34. Elliptical right end support plate; 35. Acceleration output hollow shaft; 36. Stator mounting bracket; 37. First rolling bearing; 38. Second rolling bearing; 501. First disc rotor; 502. Coreless disc stator; 503. Second disc rotor; 1001. Sector gear section; 1501, Pawl fixing seat; 1502, Reset elastic element; 1503, Sliding pawl body. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the human biomechanical energy harvesting device provided in this embodiment mainly includes a wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism 1, a support frame assembly 2, a primary transmission assembly 3, a mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism 4, and a power generation module 5; wherein, the support frame assembly 2 serves as the load-bearing base of the whole device and is installed on the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism 1; the primary transmission assembly 3, the mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism 4, and the power generation module 5 are all integrated and installed on the support frame assembly 2.

[0042] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism 1 is configured to be worn on the human knee joint as an interface for capturing biomechanical energy. The wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism 1 includes a thigh clamp 6, a calf clamp 7, a thigh support rod 8, a torsion spring 9, and a calf support rod 10; The thigh support rod 8 and the calf support rod 10 are hinged together by the knee support shaft 23 and fixed to the outside of the thigh and calf of the human body by the thigh clamp 6 and the calf clamp 7 respectively. The thigh support rod 8 is circumferentially fixed to the knee support axis 23, so that the knee support axis 23 remains stationary relative to the thigh side; the calf support rod 10 can rotate around the knee support axis 23. The lower leg support rod 10 has an integrally integrated sector gear 1001, which serves as a power output end and swings in response to the reciprocating swing of the lower leg relative to the thigh when the human body walks.

[0043] Furthermore, the torsion spring 9 is coaxially mounted on the knee support shaft 23, with one end anchored to the stationary knee support shaft 23 and the other end anchored to the movable sector gear part 1001. During the extension stroke of the human knee joint, the lower leg support rod 10 drives the sector gear part 1001 to deflect relative to the knee support shaft 23, forcing the torsion spring 9 to undergo elastic deformation, thereby converting some of the biokinetic energy into elastic potential energy for storage; during the flexion stroke of the knee joint, the torsion spring 9 releases the stored elastic potential energy and generates a restoring torque to assist the lower leg support rod 10 in repositioning movement, thereby reducing the burden on the human muscles.

[0044] Please see Figures 2 to 3The support frame assembly 2 serves as the core load-bearing skeleton of the whole machine, providing a common mounting base for the primary transmission assembly 3 and the mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism 4; The upper end of the support frame assembly 2 is rigidly connected to the thigh clamp 6 and the thigh support rod 8, and its lower end is coaxially fixed to the knee support shaft 23. Through the above-mentioned upper and lower anchoring method, the support frame assembly 2, the thigh support rod 8 and the knee support shaft 23 together form a rigid triangular support structure that remains stationary relative to the human thigh. Understandably, the support frame assembly 2 is equipped with a bearing seat to provide low-friction rotational support for the input and output shafts of the mechanical rectifier and conditioning mechanism 4. At the same time, the support frame assembly 2 has a positioning shaft hole in the middle. The mechanical rectifier fixing rod 24 passes through the positioning shaft hole and is rigidly connected to the mechanical rectifier housing 29 of the mechanical rectifier and conditioning mechanism 4, thereby implementing circumferential anti-rotation constraint on the housing and eliminating housing overturning or vibration caused by high load torque during system operation.

[0045] Please see Figures 2 to 3 The first-stage transmission component 3 is disposed on the inner side of the first side wall of the support frame component 2; a local reinforcing boss is integrally formed in the middle of the side wall of the support frame component 2, and a shaft fixing hole is machined on the local reinforcing boss; one end of the transmission connecting shaft 25 is fixed in the shaft fixing hole by interference fit, so that it becomes a cantilever support shaft that is stationary relative to the support frame component 2. The inner ring of the first rolling bearing 37 is fastened to the outer circumference of the stationary transmission connecting shaft 25, while the gear hub hole of the first-stage transmission assembly 3 is fixed in conjunction with the outer ring of the first rolling bearing 37. With the above configuration, the first-stage transmission assembly 3 can achieve high-precision, low-friction stable rotation with the fixed transmission connection shaft 25 as the geometric rotation center and relying on the first rolling bearing 37.

[0046] In the power transmission path, the sector gear 1001 of the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism 1 meshes with the input gear of the primary transmission component 3; when the lower leg support rod 10 swings, the sector gear 1001 drives the primary transmission component 3 to generate circumferential rotational displacement, thereby converting the low-frequency, large-angle reciprocating swing of the knee joint into mechanical rotational motion input.

[0047] Please see Figures 4 to 12 The mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism 4 integrates an energy storage input subsystem, a frequency modulation subsystem, an output transmission subsystem, and a dual-channel alternating trigger architecture. The entire mechanism is mounted on the support frame assembly 2, with its input end connected to the output end of the primary transmission assembly 3 and its output end connected to the power generation module 5.

[0048] Energy storage input subsystem: The energy storage input subsystem is used to convert the input low-frequency rotary motion into the elastic potential energy of the scroll spring 16 for storage. It mainly includes an input shaft gear 11, a first one-way bearing 12, an intermediate speed-increasing gear set 13, an energy storage ratchet housing 14, a pawl assembly 15, a scroll spring 16, a mechanical rectifier input shaft 26, a scroll spring input shaft 27, and a central locking shaft 28. The input shaft gear 11 meshes with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 3; the inner ring of the first one-way bearing 12 is circumferentially fixedly connected to the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26, and its outer ring is fixedly fitted with the hub hole of the input shaft gear 11; The first one-way bearing 12 is configured to execute one-way rectification logic: when the input shaft gear 11 rotates in the first direction (e.g., counterclockwise, corresponding to a specific work stroke of the knee joint), the first one-way bearing 12 is in a locked engagement state, transmitting the input torque to the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26; while when the input shaft gear 11 rotates in the opposite direction (e.g., clockwise, corresponding to the reset stroke of the knee joint), the first one-way bearing 12 automatically enters an overrun disengagement state, realizing the mechanical decoupling of the input end from the internal transmission chain and filtering out the reverse invalid motion; The mechanical rectifier input shaft 26 transmits the rectified unidirectional power to the intermediate speed-increasing gear set 13; The intermediate speed-increasing gear set 13 adopts a multi-stage speed-increasing transmission architecture: the driving large gear is coaxially fixed on the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26, and the driven small gear is mounted on the scroll spring input shaft 27. The two maintain precise meshing to convert the low-speed, high-torque input captured at the front end into the high-speed output at the rear end.

[0049] Please see Figures 5 to 6 The energy storage input subsystem adopts a coaxial architecture of "shell-driven - central energy storage"; The energy storage ratchet housing 14 is coaxially mounted on the scroll spring input shaft 27, and the two are circumferentially fixedly connected by a key or interference fit, so that the energy storage ratchet housing 14 can rotate synchronously with the scroll spring input shaft 27, serving as the active input end of the energy storage process; A stepped bearing seat is machined in the center hole of the energy storage ratchet housing 14. The outer ring of the rolling bearing is interference-fitted into the bearing seat, and its inner ring is fitted onto the center locking shaft 28, so that the energy storage ratchet housing 14 and the center locking shaft 28 can rotate relatively independently.

[0050] Please see Figures 7 to 8The spiral spring 16 is housed within the internal cavity of the energy storage ratchet housing 14. Its inner coiled end is anchored to the central locking shaft 28 as a fixed reference, while its outer coiled end is coupled to the inner wall of the energy storage ratchet housing 14 through elastic pre-tightening or mechanical attachment. When the energy storage ratchet housing 14 rotates under the drive of the spiral spring input shaft 27, the outer coiled end of the spiral spring 16 undergoes a centripetal contraction motion through the frictional coupling of the inner wall or the locking structure. Since the central locking shaft 28 is locked at this time, the spiral spring 16 is forced to coil tightly layer by layer, thereby efficiently converting the input rotational mechanical energy into elastic potential energy for storage.

[0051] Please see Figures 9 to 10 The energy storage input subsystem is also equipped with a pawl assembly 15 for one-way locking to prevent the spiral spring 16 from reversing. The pawl assembly 15 adopts a self-resetting linear guide architecture, including a pawl fixing seat 1501, a reset elastic element 1502, and a sliding pawl body 1503. The pawl mounting base 1501 is rigidly mounted on the mechanical rectifier housing 29 as a static support reference for the locking action; The bottom of the ratchet pawl holder 1501 is provided with a spring positioning boss, and the reset elastic element 1502 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the boss to provide a constant axial restoring force. The bottom of the sliding pawl body 1503 is provided with a pressure-bearing slide, and the pressure-bearing slide and the reset elastic element 1502 are mechanically abutted together. The sliding pawl body 1503 and the inner wall of the pawl fixing seat 1501 form a linear sliding pair, so that under the support of the pre-tightening bias force of the reset elastic element 1502, the sliding pawl body 1503 can reciprocate linearly along the axial direction of the pawl fixing seat 1501, thereby engaging with the teeth on the outer periphery of the energy storage ratchet housing 14 in real time, and realizing one-way locking of the energy storage ratchet housing 14.

[0052] Frequency modulation subsystem: The frequency modulation subsystem is used to match the energy release frequency with the human gait cycle. It mainly includes a trigger cam 17, an L-shaped rocker arm 18, an output control ratchet 19, a rocker arm support shaft 30, and a reset torsion spring 31.

[0053] Please see Figure 11 The trigger cam 17 is coaxially fixed on the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26 and rotates synchronously with the input shaft. The cam is configured to generate a periodic radial lift excitation that reflects the real-time gait frequency. The output control ratchet 19 is circumferentially anchored on the central locking shaft 28. As the main force-bearing element, it directly bears the huge restoring torque accumulated by the spiral spring 16 and controls the "locking" and "releasing" of the elastic potential energy. The rocker arm support shaft 30 is firmly supported on the elliptical central support plate 32 inside the frame, providing a stable fulcrum for the motion mechanism; The L-shaped rocker arm 18 is rotatably mounted on the rocker arm support shaft 30, with one end being the excited end and the other end being the locked end. The reset torsion spring 31 is coaxially sleeved on the rocker arm support shaft 30. Its fixed end is connected to the stationary rocker arm support shaft 30, and its movable end is hooked or abutted against the movable L-shaped rocker arm 18, applying a continuous unidirectional biasing torque to the L-shaped rocker arm 18, forcing the excited end of the L-shaped rocker arm 18 to always be in close contact with and follow the contour of the trigger cam 17.

[0054] During operation, the rotational drive of the trigger cam 17 and the elastic recovery of the return torsion spring 31 work together to make the L-shaped rocker arm 18 swing back and forth around the rocker arm support shaft 30; its locking end correspondingly performs periodic disengagement and engagement actions with the output control ratchet 19, thereby "splitting" the continuously input mechanical energy into high-energy-density pulse output, realizing the modulation and control of the release frequency of the spiral spring 16.

[0055] Output drive subsystem: The output transmission subsystem is used to convert the instantaneous explosive force released by the spiral spring 16 into stable high-speed rotational power. It mainly includes a second one-way bearing 20, a third one-way bearing 21, a generator linkage gear set 22, and an acceleration output hollow shaft 35.

[0056] Please see Figure 12 The acceleration output hollow shaft 35 is designed as a hollow sleeve structure to serve as the power output carrier; its inner hole is fixed to the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 38, while the inner ring of the second rolling bearing 38 is tightly fitted to the outer circumference of the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26; through this nested configuration, the acceleration output hollow shaft 35 can achieve independent rotational motion on the same axis by relying on the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26, which greatly reduces the axial dimension of the mechanism.

[0057] Please continue reading. Figure 4 The output stage pinion in the generator linkage gear set 22 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the acceleration output hollow shaft 35; the second one-way bearing 20 and the third one-way bearing 21 are arranged symmetrically with the center plane of the output stage pinion as the reference.

[0058] Specifically, the inner rings of the second one-way bearing 20 and the third one-way bearing 21 are both firmly anchored to the central locking shaft 28 and rotate synchronously with the central locking shaft 28; their outer rings are respectively fitted into the hub holes on the upper and lower sides of the input stage large gear in the generator linkage gear set 22. These two one-way bearings are configured as a parallel drive pair. During the high-speed reverse stroke of the central locking shaft 28 releasing elastic potential energy, the two are synchronously locked and engaged, thereby transmitting power to the acceleration output hollow shaft 35.

[0059] Dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture: Please continue reading. Figure 4 The mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism 4 adopts a symmetrical "dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture". This architecture includes two sets of energy storage input subsystems (i.e. two sets of spiral spring 16 units) arranged symmetrically along the axis, and two sets of L-shaped rocker arms 18. Each L-shaped rocker arm 18 is equipped with an independent reset torsion spring 31.

[0060] During operation, the upper and lower L-shaped rocker arms 18 remain in a normally closed locked state under the constant bias torque of the return torsion spring 31, ensuring that the corresponding upper and lower spiral springs 16 can continuously accumulate potential energy without leakage. When the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26 drives the trigger cam 17 to rotate, a convex peak on it pushes open the two sets of L-shaped rocker arms 18 in sequence, and alternately contacts and pushes the excited ends of the upper and lower L-shaped rocker arms 18 to overcome the bias torque of the reset torsion spring 31, so that the L-shaped rocker arms 18 swing and instantly release the lock on the output control ratchet 19. Two sets of spiral springs 16 units alternately perform work in the cycle of "energy storage-instant release-reset locking", thereby driving the central locking shaft 28 to output continuous and high-density pulse power.

[0061] Please continue reading. Figure 4 The power generation module 5 adopts a dual-rotor single-stator axial flux topology, mainly including a first disc rotor 501, a coreless disc stator 502, a second disc rotor 503, and a stator mounting bracket 36. In terms of the rotor's power configuration, the first disc rotor 501 and the second disc rotor 503 are coaxially fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the acceleration output hollow shaft 35. The two maintain a precise preset distance along the axial direction and are configured to rotate at high speed synchronously with the acceleration output hollow shaft 35 as the active components in the power generation process. Regarding the static support of the stator, the stator mounting bracket 36 is rigidly anchored to the side of the elliptical right end support plate 34 of the frame. The coreless disc stator 502 is fixedly installed on the stator mounting bracket 36 and is precisely suspended in the center of the axial air gap formed by the first disc rotor 501 and the second disc rotor 503, without physical contact with the rotor.

[0062] When the hollow shaft 35 rotates at acceleration, the high-intensity axial magnetic field formed between the first disc rotor 501 and the second disc rotor 503 passes perpendicularly through the coils of the stationary coreless disc stator 502. Through the cutting motion of magnetic lines of force, the coreless disc stator 502 efficiently converts the input rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy output. This application, through its coreless design, effectively eliminates stator hysteresis loss and cogging torque, significantly improving start-up efficiency in low-energy harvesting environments.

[0063] Please see Figure 13 Furthermore, based on the above structure, the working process of the human biomechanical energy harvesting device of the present invention is as follows: When a person walks, the lower leg swings back and forth relative to the thigh, which drives the sector gear 1001 on the lower leg support rod 10 to swing. The sector gear 1001 drives the first-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate. The first-stage transmission assembly 3 converts the swing into rotational motion and transmits it to the input shaft gear 11. The input shaft gear 11 drives the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26 to rotate unidirectionally through the first one-way bearing 12. After being accelerated by the intermediate speed-increasing gear set 13, it drives the spiral spring input shaft 27 to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the energy storage ratchet housing 14 to rotate, thus winding the spiral spring 16 to store energy. During this process, the one-way locking function of the pawl assembly 15 prevents the spiral spring 16 from reversing. At the same time, the mechanical rectifier input shaft 26 drives the trigger cam 17 to rotate synchronously; When the triggering peak of the cam profile rotates to contact the excited end of the L-shaped rocker arm 18, it pushes the L-shaped rocker arm 18 to swing, causing its locking end to disengage from the output control ratchet 19, and the center locking shaft 28 is released. The elastic potential energy stored in the spiral spring 16 is released instantly, driving the center locking shaft 28 to reverse at high speed. Through the second one-way bearing 20 and the third one-way bearing 21, the generator linkage gear set 22 is driven, which in turn drives the acceleration output hollow shaft 35 to rotate at high speed. The accelerated output hollow shaft 35 drives the first disc rotor 501 and the second disc rotor 503 of the power generation module 5 to rotate, causing the coil of the coreless disc stator 502 to cut the magnetic field lines and generate electrical energy output. Because of the use of a dual-channel alternating triggering architecture with symmetrical upper and lower sections, when one set of spiral springs 16 releases energy, the other set of spiral springs 16 is in an energy storage state. Two staggered triggering peaks on the triggering cam 17 sequentially trigger the upper and lower sets of L-shaped rocker arms 18, causing the two sets of spiral spring units 16 to release elastic potential energy alternately, thereby driving the power generation module 5 to output continuous and smooth electrical energy. When the human body stops moving or the gait is in the reversal phase, causing the input speed to decrease, the second one-way bearing 20 and the third one-way bearing 21 automatically enter the overrun state, allowing the power generation module 5 to maintain high-speed unidirectional continuous rotation relative to the input end under the action of its own rotational inertia and flywheel effect, thereby realizing flexible connection and overload protection, and eliminating reverse drag resistance.

[0064] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0065] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of implementation methods of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A human biomechanical energy harvesting device, characterized in that, include: Wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism (1), which is configured to be worn on the joints of the human body to generate mechanical energy input in response to the swing of the human joints; The support frame assembly (2) is mounted on the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism (1) and serves as the load-bearing base of the whole machine; A primary transmission assembly (3) is mounted on the support frame assembly (2) and is connected to the output end of the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism (1) for converting the mechanical energy input into rotational motion; A mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism (4) is mounted on the support frame assembly (2) and is connected to the output end of the primary transmission assembly (3). The mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism (4) includes: The energy storage input subsystem includes an energy storage ratchet housing (14), a spiral spring (16), and a central locking shaft (28). The energy storage ratchet housing (14) is connected to the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly (3). The spiral spring (16) is housed in the energy storage ratchet housing (14), with its outer spiral end coupled to the inner wall of the energy storage ratchet housing (14) and its inner spiral end anchored to the central locking shaft (28) to convert the input low-frequency rotational motion into the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring (16) for storage. The frequency modulation subsystem includes a trigger cam (17), an L-shaped rocker arm (18), and a stop ratchet (19). The trigger cam (17) is connected to the output end of the primary transmission assembly (3). The stop ratchet (19) is anchored to the central locking shaft (28). The L-shaped rocker arm (18) is oscillatingly supported on the support frame assembly (2). Its excited end abuts against the contour of the trigger cam (17), and its locking end is configured to selectively engage or disengage from the stop ratchet (19) to periodically release the central locking shaft (28) according to the rotation of the trigger cam (17). The power generation module (5) is mounted on the support frame assembly (2) and is connected to the central locking shaft (28) via the output transmission subsystem to convert the released elastic potential energy into electrical energy.

2. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the support frame assembly (2) is rigidly connected to the thigh clamp (6) and thigh support rod (8) in the wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism (1), and its lower end is anchored at the knee support shaft (23) to form a rigid triangular support structure that is stationary relative to the human thigh. The support frame assembly (2) has a positioning shaft hole in the middle. A mechanical rectifier fixing rod (24) passes through the positioning shaft hole and is rigidly connected to the housing of the mechanical rectifier and conditioning mechanism (4) to implement circumferential anti-rotation constraint on the housing.

3. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary transmission component (3) is disposed on the inner side of the side wall of the support frame component (2); The support frame assembly (2) has a locally reinforcing boss integrally formed in the middle of its side wall, and the locally reinforcing boss is provided with a shaft fixing hole; One end of the transmission connecting shaft (25) is fixed in the shaft fixing hole, the inner ring of the rolling bearing (37) is sleeved on the transmission connecting shaft (25), and the gear hub of the first-stage transmission assembly (3) is fixed in conjunction with the outer ring of the rolling bearing (37).

4. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage input subsystem also includes: The input shaft gear (11) meshes with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly (3); The first one-way bearing (12) has its inner ring circumferentially fixed to the mechanical rectifier input shaft (26) and its outer ring fixed to the hub of the input shaft gear (11) to lock and transmit power when the input shaft gear (11) rotates in a first direction and to disengage when it rotates in the opposite direction. The intermediate speed-increasing gear set (13) has its input end connected to the input shaft (26) of the mechanical rectifier and its output end connected to the energy storage ratchet housing (14).

5. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage ratchet housing (14) is coaxially mounted on the spiral spring input shaft (27) and circumferentially fixed thereto; The spiral spring input shaft (27) is connected to the output end of the intermediate speed-increasing gear set (13); The central hole of the energy storage ratchet housing (14) is supported on the central locking shaft (28) by a rolling bearing, so that the energy storage ratchet housing (14) and the central locking shaft (28) can rotate relatively independently.

6. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy storage input subsystem also includes a pawl assembly (15) for one-way locking, the pawl assembly (15) comprising: The pawl holder (1501) is rigidly mounted on the housing of the mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism (4); The sliding pawl body (1503) is slidably housed in the guide cavity of the pawl fixing seat (1501) and selectively engages with the teeth on the outer periphery of the energy storage ratchet housing (14); A reset elastic element (1502) is disposed between the pawl holder (1501) and the sliding pawl body (1503) to provide a biasing force toward the energy storage ratchet housing (14) to the sliding pawl body (1503).

7. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The frequency modulation subsystem also includes a rocker arm support shaft (30) and a reset torsion spring (31). The rocker arm support shaft (30) is firmly supported on the support frame assembly (2), and the L-shaped rocker arm (18) is rotatably sleeved on the rocker arm support shaft (30); The reset torsion spring (31) is sleeved on the rocker arm support shaft (30), with one end connected to the rocker arm support shaft (30) and the other end connected to the L-shaped rocker arm (18) to apply a biasing torque to the L-shaped rocker arm (18) to keep its locking end engaged with the stop ratchet (19); The trigger cam (17) is coaxially fixed on the mechanical rectifier input shaft (26). Its profile is provided with trigger crests so that when rotating, it pushes the excited end of the L-shaped rocker arm (18) to overcome the bias torque of the reset torsion spring (31) and make the locking end disengage from the stop ratchet (19) instantly.

8. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output drive subsystem includes: The accelerated output hollow shaft (35) is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the mechanical rectifier input shaft (26) via rolling bearings, so as to achieve independent rotation with the mechanical rectifier input shaft (26); The generator linkage gear set (22) has its input end connected to the central locking shaft (28) and its output end connected to the acceleration output hollow shaft (35). The second one-way bearing (20) has its inner ring anchored to the central locking shaft (28) and its outer ring engaged with the input stage gear of the generator linkage gear set (22) to lock and transmit power in the rotational direction in which the elastic potential energy is released by the central locking shaft (28).

9. The human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical rectification and conditioning mechanism (4) adopts a dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture with symmetrical upper and lower sections; The dual-channel energy storage and alternating triggering architecture includes: two sets of energy storage input subsystems arranged symmetrically along the axis, and two sets of corresponding L-shaped rocker arms (18). The trigger cam (17) sequentially triggers the two sets of L-shaped rocker arms (18) during the rotation cycle, causing the corresponding center locking shaft (28) to release elastic potential energy alternately, thereby driving the output transmission subsystem to output continuous pulse power.

10. A method for harvesting human biomechanical energy, applied to the human biomechanical energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Capture Steps: Biomechanical energy is captured in response to the swinging of the human joints by a wearable kinetic energy capture mechanism (1) worn on the joints of the human body; Rectification and energy storage steps: The captured reciprocating oscillation is converted into unidirectional rotational motion through the first-stage transmission component (3), and the energy storage input subsystem is driven to convert the rotational mechanical energy into the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring (16) for storage. Frequency modulation step: The L-shaped rocker arm (18) is periodically driven to swing by the trigger cam (17) that rotates synchronously with the input shaft, so as to control the locking and releasing of the stop ratchet (19) and the center locking shaft (28), and release the accumulated elastic potential energy in a pulse at a preset frequency. Power generation steps: The released pulsed mechanical energy is transmitted to the power generation module (5) through the output transmission subsystem and converted into electrical energy output.

Images