Electromagnetic actuator

Abstract

This application provides an electromagnetic actuator, relating to the field of vehicle additional power input technology. The device includes a drive shaft of a vehicle power input structure, on which a driven shaft is mounted; an electromagnetic coil assembly is mounted on the drive shaft; a transmission assembly is mounted on the drive shaft and one end is connected to an external push ring; a one-way locking assembly includes a drive disc mounted on and driven by the drive shaft, a transmission component and a locking mechanism on the drive disc; the transmission component is connected to the other end of the transmission assembly to convert the axial motion of the transmission assembly into rotational motion of the transmission component relative to the drive disc; the locking mechanism is mounted on the driven shaft and connected to the transmission component, and is used to drive the locking mechanism to rotate synchronously when the transmission component rotates relative to the drive disc. The locking element of the locking mechanism, in cooperation with the drive disc, moves radially along the drive shaft until it locks with the driven shaft, causing the driven shaft to rotate synchronously with the drive shaft. This device can effectively improve transmission stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application generally relates to the field of additional power input technology for vehicles, and specifically to an electromagnetic actuator. Background Technology

[0002] In the transmission systems of hybrid and new energy vehicles, electromagnetic actuators are widely used to control the on / off switching of power transmission. Currently, common electromagnetic actuators mostly employ face tooth engagement or radial internal / external tooth engagement to achieve power transmission between the drive shaft and driven shaft. This type of engagement requires high-precision tooth profiles to be machined on the surface of the parts, which is difficult and costly, and is prone to generating significant impact noise during engagement. Furthermore, face tooth or radial tooth engagement requires a high speed difference between the drive and driven shafts; if the speed difference is too large, tooth breakage can easily occur, leading to complex control strategies and prolonged response times. Under significant impact acceleration, this type of engagement is also prone to gear disengagement, affecting transmission stability and reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electromagnetic engagement actuator with a superior structure, lower manufacturing cost, and higher transmission reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide an electromagnetic actuator that improves transmission stability and reliability.

[0004] This application provides an electromagnetic actuator, comprising: an electromagnetic coil assembly, a transmission assembly, and a one-way locking assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the drive shaft of the vehicle power input structure, and a driven shaft sleeved on the drive shaft; The electromagnetic coil assembly is sleeved on the drive shaft and is used to drive the outer push ring sleeved on the drive shaft to move axially along the drive shaft; The transmission assembly is mounted on the drive shaft, and one end is connected to the outer push ring for transmission. The one-way locking assembly includes a drive disc, which is sleeved on the drive shaft and drivenly connected to the drive shaft. The drive disc is provided with a transmission component and a locking mechanism. The transmission component is drivenly connected to the other end of the transmission assembly and is used to convert the axial motion of the transmission assembly into the rotational motion of the transmission component relative to the drive disc. The locking mechanism is sleeved on the driven shaft and drivenly connected to the transmission component. When the transmission component rotates relative to the drive disc, it drives the locking mechanism to rotate synchronously. The locking component of the locking mechanism, in cooperation with the drive disc, drives the locking member of the locking mechanism to move radially along the drive shaft until it locks with the driven shaft so that the driven shaft rotates synchronously with the drive shaft.

[0005] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the transmission assembly includes: An inner push ring is disposed inside the outer push ring and the two are connected by a thrust bearing; one side of the inner push ring extends outside the electromagnetic coil assembly to form a connecting portion; An outer push shell is sleeved on the drive shaft and connected to the connecting part; a push ring is provided on the inner wall of the outer push shell; When the outer push ring moves axially under the drive of the electromagnetic coil assembly, the outer push shell and the push ring are driven to move axially synchronously through the thrust bearing and the inner push ring, so as to transmit the axial motion to the one-way locking assembly.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the drive disk includes: The disc-shaped body is driven and connected to the drive shaft, and the disc-shaped body is recessed to form an installation space. The locking mechanism is installed inside the installation space. The disc-shaped body has a plurality of arc-shaped openings evenly distributed circumferentially and penetrating the disc-shaped body axially. Multiple guide locking grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc-shaped body on its inner wall; each guide locking groove includes a guide surface and a locking surface connected in sequence, and the distance from the guide surface to the axis of the disc-shaped body gradually increases from the direction away from the locking surface to the direction towards the locking surface.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the transmission assembly includes: The inner push shell is connected to the locking mechanism through multiple connecting parts that pass through the arc-shaped opening, and the inner push shell is slidably connected to the drive disk; A pin, which is mounted on the outer push-shell; A first sliding groove and a second sliding groove, wherein the first sliding groove is formed on the drive disk and the second sliding groove is formed on the inner push shell, the extending directions of the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove are at a preset angle, and the pin passes through both the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove simultaneously. When the transmission assembly moves axially, the pin slides along the first sliding groove and simultaneously drives the inner push shell to rotate relative to the drive disc through sliding cooperation with the second sliding groove.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the locking mechanism further includes: The retainer is connected to the inner push shell through multiple connecting parts; the retainer has multiple mounting slots distributed circumferentially, and the locking member is slidably installed in the mounting slot, and the locking member is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the guide locking slot; A first elastic element is disposed in the mounting groove and cooperates with the guide locking groove so that when the inner push shell rotates relative to the drive disc, it drives the retainer to rotate synchronously. The locking element is pressed by the corresponding guide surface and moves radially inward to lock the driven shaft while compressing the first elastic element. When the locking element is not pressed by the corresponding guide surface, the first elastic element pushes the locking element to abut against the locking surface under the action of elastic restoring force to keep it in a non-contact state with the driven shaft.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the electromagnetic coil assembly includes: The iron core shell and iron core end cap are used together. The iron core shell is hollow inside and together with the iron core end cap, they form an accommodating space. A frame is disposed within the accommodating space to fix the position of the coil within the accommodating space. The coil is used to generate electromagnetic driving force when energized. An outward push ring is provided between the frame and the iron core end cover. A magnetic shielding ring is provided on the end face of the outward push ring facing the iron core end cover, and a spatial gap is formed between the magnetic shielding ring and the iron core end cover. When the coil is energized, an axial electromagnetic driving force is generated, and the push ring moves axially along the spatial gap under the action of the axial electromagnetic driving force.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the skeleton is provided with a limiting protrusion near the side wall of the outer push ring. When the outer push ring is reset, the limiting protrusion abuts against the outer push ring to limit the reset stroke of the outer push ring.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the inner thrust ring has an oil passage hole for providing lubricating medium to the thrust bearing.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in this application, a reset component is provided between the outer push shell and the drive disk, which is used to drive the outer push shell to reset when the electromagnetic coil assembly is de-energized and the axial electromagnetic driving force is removed, so that the transmission component rotates in the opposite direction and drives the locking mechanism to loosen the driven shaft.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the thrust bearing is a thrust needle roller bearing; the reset element is a disc spring.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application provides an electromagnetic actuator, comprising: an electromagnetic coil assembly, a transmission assembly, and a one-way locking assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the drive shaft of a vehicle power input structure, with a driven shaft sleeved on the drive shaft; the electromagnetic coil assembly, sleeved on the drive shaft, drives an outer push ring sleeved on the drive shaft to move axially along the drive shaft; the transmission assembly, sleeved on the drive shaft, is driven at one end to the outer push ring; the one-way locking assembly includes a drive disc, sleeved on the drive shaft and drivenly connected to the drive shaft, the drive disc being provided with a transmission component and a locking mechanism, the transmission component being drivenly connected to the other end of the transmission assembly, for converting the axial movement of the transmission assembly into the rotational movement of the transmission component relative to the drive disc; the locking mechanism, sleeved on the driven shaft and drivenly connected to the transmission component, drives the locking mechanism to rotate synchronously when the transmission component rotates relative to the drive disc, and cooperates with the drive disc to drive the locking member of the locking mechanism to move radially along the drive shaft until it locks with the driven shaft so that the driven shaft rotates synchronously with the drive shaft.

[0015] This application utilizes an electromagnetic coil assembly, a transmission assembly, and a one-way locking assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the drive shaft. Electromagnetic drive force drives the outer push ring, which in turn drives the locking mechanism via the transmission assembly, thereby achieving the clamping and loosening of the driven shaft. On one hand, it abandons the traditional toothed meshing transmission method, requiring only a smooth cylindrical shaft for power transmission to the driven shaft. This significantly reduces the difficulty of parts processing and manufacturing costs, while avoiding the impact noise, tooth breakage, and gear slippage problems associated with toothed meshing. Furthermore, it requires a lower speed difference between the drive and driven shafts, eliminating the need for complex control strategies and effectively improving transmission stability, reliability, and control efficiency. On the other hand, the transmission assembly not only effectively isolates the friction between the electromagnetic coil assembly and the one-way locking assembly, relaxing assembly dimensional tolerances and further reducing manufacturing costs, but also isolates rotational motion, withstands axial forces, avoids motion interference between components, and ensures smooth mechanism movement. Combined with the reliably driven locking mechanism reset function after power failure, this further ensures the accuracy of the mechanism's on / off control and extends its overall service life. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an electromagnetic actuator.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an electromagnetic actuator.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the support frame.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an electromagnetic actuator mounted on a drive shaft and a driven shaft.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall locking structure.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the one-way locking assembly.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the locking structure.

[0026] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of part m in the middle.

[0027] The following are the labeling elements in the diagram: 1. Outer push ring; 2. Magnetic isolation ring; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Driven shaft; 5. Drive disc; 6. Inner push shell; 7. Cage; 8. Locking element; 9. First elastic element; 10. Pin; 11. First sliding groove; 12. Second sliding groove; 13. Thrust bearing; 14. Inner push ring; 15. Disc spring; 16. Core shell; 17. Core end cap; 18. Frame; 19. Coil; 20. Limiting protrusion; 21. Press-fit nut; 22. Lead wire; 23. Sealing plug; 24. Oil passage hole; 25. Support frame; 26. Push ring; 27. Outer push shell; 28. Spacer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant application and not intended to limit the application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the application are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, this application provides an electromagnetic actuator, including: an electromagnetic coil assembly, a transmission assembly and a one-way locking assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the drive shaft 3, and a driven shaft 4 sleeved on the drive shaft 3; The electromagnetic coil assembly is mounted on the drive shaft 3 and is used to drive the outer push ring 1 mounted on the drive shaft 3 to move axially along the drive shaft 3. The transmission assembly is mounted on the drive shaft 3, with one end connected to the outer thrust ring 1 for transmission. The one-way locking assembly includes a drive disc 5, which is sleeved on the drive shaft 3 and drivenly connected to the drive shaft 3. The drive disc 5 is provided with a transmission component and a locking mechanism. The transmission component is drivenly connected to the other end of the transmission assembly and is used to convert the axial motion of the transmission assembly into the rotational motion of the transmission component relative to the drive disc 5. The locking mechanism is sleeved on the driven shaft 4 and drivenly connected to the transmission component. When the transmission component rotates relative to the drive disc 5, it drives the locking mechanism to rotate synchronously. The locking member 8 of the locking mechanism, which cooperates with the drive disc 5, moves radially along the drive shaft 3 until it locks with the driven shaft 4, so that the driven shaft 4 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 3.

[0031] Among them, the electromagnetic coil assembly serves as the core driving structure of this device, used to generate electromagnetic driving force; the outer push ring 1 is fitted on the drive shaft 3 and is connected to the transmission assembly for transmission of electromagnetic driving force to the transmission assembly.

[0032] The one-way locking assembly is used to engage and disengage the driving and driven shafts of a vehicle's power input structure, such as the gearbox in a new energy hybrid vehicle. The one-way locking assembly includes a drive disc 5, a transmission assembly, and a locking mechanism. The drive disc 5 is driven by the drive shaft 3 (e.g., a spline connection) and can rotate synchronously with it. The transmission assembly is mounted on the drive disc 5 and is connected to the outer push ring 1 via the transmission assembly, receiving forces from the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly converts the axial motion of the transmission assembly into rotational motion. The locking mechanism is connected to the transmission assembly and, driven by the transmission assembly, cooperates with the drive disc 5 to clamp or release the driven shaft 4.

[0033] When the coil structure is powered on, it generates an axial electromagnetic driving force. This axial electromagnetic driving force serves as the driving force for the outer push ring 1, enabling it to move axially. The axial movement of the outer push ring 1 is transmitted to the transmission component through the transmission assembly. The transmission component converts the axial motion into rotational motion, causing the locking mechanism to grip the driven shaft 4. At this time, the power of the driving shaft 3 is transmitted to the driven shaft 4 through the one-way locking assembly, achieving the power combination and synchronous rotation of the driving and driven shafts.

[0034] When the coil structure is powered off, the axial electromagnetic driving force is removed, the locking mechanism resets, and the driven shaft 4 is released, thus separating from it. At this time, the power transmission path between the driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 is broken, and the driven shaft 4 can rotate freely away from the driving shaft 3, completing the entire power disconnection action.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the transmission assembly includes: An inner push ring 14 is disposed inside the outer push ring 1 and the two are connected by a thrust bearing 13; one side of the inner push ring 14 extends outside the electromagnetic coil assembly to form a connecting part. The outer push shell 27 is sleeved on the drive shaft 3 and connected to the connecting part; the inner wall of the outer push shell 27 is provided with a push ring 26; When the outer push ring 1 moves axially under the drive of the electromagnetic coil assembly, the outer push shell 27 and the push ring 26 are driven to move axially synchronously through the thrust bearing 13 and the inner push ring 14, so as to transmit the axial motion to the one-way locking assembly.

[0036] The thrust bearing 13, for example, is a thrust needle roller bearing, used to bear axial loads while allowing relative movement between the outer thrust ring 1 and the inner thrust ring 14. This effectively isolates the relative movement between the two during the transmission of axial thrust, avoiding frictional losses or motion interference caused by relative movement. The connecting portion of the inner thrust ring 14 extends to the outside of the electromagnetic coil assembly and connects to the transmission component in the one-way locking assembly, thereby establishing a complete axial transmission path from the electromagnetic coil assembly to the locking mechanism.

[0037] In traditional integrated structures, there is no relative movement between the outer and inner push rings. Therefore, the axial clearance between the outer push ring and the core end cover must be ensured by strictly controlling the machining tolerances of each component. If the dimensional deviation of a component exceeds the range, it will lead to insufficient travel of the outer push ring or collision with the core end cover. However, this application, by setting a thrust bearing 13 between the outer push ring 1 and the inner push ring 14, enables relative movement between the two, thereby absorbing the accumulated tolerances in the dimensional chain. This eliminates the need for extremely high machining accuracy requirements for each component, effectively relaxes the assembly dimensional chain tolerances, reduces manufacturing costs, and avoids problems such as power loss, component wear, and movement jamming caused by rotational friction.

[0038] The outer push shell 27 is sleeved on the drive shaft 3 and connected to the inner push ring 14, serving to receive the axial driving force from the inner push ring 14. The inner wall of the outer push shell 27 is provided with a push ring 26, which moves axially synchronously with the outer push shell 27, transmitting the axial movement of the outer push shell 27 to subsequent transmission components. Specifically, when the outer push shell 27 is pushed along by the inner push ring 14... Figure 1 When the push ring 26 moves to the left, the inner side of the push ring 26 cooperates with the inner push shell 6 in the transmission assembly, thereby driving the inner push shell 6 to produce corresponding movement.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the drive disk 5 includes: The disc-shaped body is driven and connected to the drive shaft 3, and the disc-shaped body is recessed to form an installation space. The locking mechanism is installed inside the installation space. The disc-shaped body has multiple arc-shaped openings that are evenly distributed circumferentially and penetrate the disc-shaped body axially. Multiple guide locking grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc-shaped main body on its inner wall; the guide locking grooves include guide surfaces and locking surfaces connected in sequence, and the distance from the guide surface to the axis of the disc-shaped main body gradually increases from the direction away from the locking surface to the direction towards the locking surface.

[0040] The drive disc 5, acting as a power transmission intermediary, is driven and connected to the drive shaft 3 (e.g., via a spline connection), enabling it to rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 3. The guide surface and locking surface of the guide locking groove form a gradually narrowing space, used to compress the locking member 8 to move radially inward. Additionally, a spacer 28 can be provided on the outer wall of the disc-shaped body. The spacer 28 is slidably connected to the transmission assembly, providing precise axial sliding guidance for the transmission assembly while reducing the direct contact area and lowering frictional losses. Furthermore, the spacer 28 can be made of plastic, utilizing its excellent self-lubricating properties to make sliding smoother.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the transmission assembly includes: The inner push shell 6 is connected to the locking mechanism through multiple connecting parts that pass through arc-shaped openings, and the inner push shell 6 is slidably connected to the drive disk 5. Pin 10 is mounted on the outer push-out housing 27; The first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 are provided on the drive disk 5 and the second sliding groove 12 are provided on the inner push shell 6. The extension directions of the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 are at a preset angle, and the pin 10 passes through the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 at the same time. When the transmission assembly moves axially, the pin 10 slides along the first sliding groove 11 and simultaneously drives the inner push shell 6 to rotate relative to the drive disc 5 through sliding engagement with the second sliding groove 12.

[0042] The inner push shell 6 is located inside the push ring 26 and is fixedly connected to the retainer 7 in the locking mechanism via a connecting component (such as a pin or a locking block), thereby enabling the retainer 7 to move synchronously. The inner push shell 6 is slidably connected to the drive disk 5 (specifically through the spacer 28), allowing the inner push shell 6 to rotate synchronously with the drive disk 5 and also to rotate independently in the circumferential direction relative to the drive disk 5.

[0043] The pin 10 is mounted on the outer push shell 27, for example, by press-fitting into a circumferential hole in the push ring 26, and can move axially synchronously with the outer push shell 27. The pin 10 serves as a transmission component for motion conversion, and simultaneously forms a kinematic engagement with the drive disc 5 and the inner push shell 6. The extension directions of the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 are at a predetermined angle relative to the axial direction.

[0044] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the outer push shell 27 drives the pin 10 to move axially, the first sliding groove 11 acts as a guide and limiter, constraining the pin 10 to move along the first sliding groove 11, forcing it to rotate counterclockwise while moving axially. Since the extension directions of the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 are at a preset angle, that is, their inclination directions are opposite, the counterclockwise rotational force of the pin 10 acts on the second sliding groove 12, thereby pushing the inner push shell 6 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the drive disk 5. Through the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12, the axial movement of the pin 10 is stably converted into the circumferential rotation of the inner push shell 6. When the electromagnetic coil assembly is de-energized, the disc spring 15 drives the outer push shell 27 to reset, causing the outer push shell 27 to move in the opposite direction in the axial direction, and the inner push shell 6 also rotates in the opposite direction.

[0045] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, arrow a indicates clockwise rotation and arrow b indicates counterclockwise rotation. When the electromagnetic coil assembly is energized, causing the outer push shell 27 to move axially, the pin 10, constrained by the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12, drives the inner push shell 6 to rotate relative to the drive disk 5. This relative rotation is counterclockwise, which causes the locking member 8 in the retainer 7 to move in the direction where the guide surface of the guide locking groove gradually decreases, thereby causing the locking member 8 to radially press inward and hold the driven shaft 4. Conversely, when the electromagnetic coil assembly is de-energized and the outer push shell 27 is axially reset, the pin 10 slides in the opposite direction, causing the inner push shell 6 to rotate clockwise relative to the drive disk 5, causing the locking member 8 to move in the direction where the guide surface of the guide locking groove gradually increases, and expands outward with the assistance of the first elastic member 9, thereby releasing the driven shaft 4.

[0046] Through the aforementioned cooperation method, the axial movement of the outer push shell 27 is precisely converted into the circumferential rotation of the inner push shell 6, which in turn drives the retainer 7 and locking member 8, which are fixedly connected to the inner push shell 6, to rotate synchronously. This achieves relative movement of the locking member 8 against the guide locking groove in the drive disc 5, ultimately driving the locking member 8 to move radially inward to grip the driven shaft 4 or to move outward to release the driven shaft 4. Here, the cooperation structure between the pin 10 and the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 has the advantages of fewer parts, direct transmission, rapid response, and no additional transmission delay, effectively realizing the stable conversion from axial movement to circumferential rotation.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the locking mechanism includes: The retainer 7 is connected to the inner push shell 6 through multiple connecting parts; the retainer 7 has multiple mounting slots distributed around its circumference, and the locking member 8 is slidably installed in the mounting slot, and the locking member 8 is set one-to-one with the guide locking slot; The first elastic element 9 is disposed in the mounting groove and cooperates with the guide locking groove so that when the inner push shell 6 rotates relative to the drive disc 5, it drives the retainer 7 to rotate synchronously. The locking element 8 is squeezed by the corresponding guide surface and moves radially inward to lock the driven shaft 4 while compressing the first elastic element 9. When the locking element 8 is not squeezed by the corresponding guide surface, the first elastic element 9 pushes the locking element 8 to abut against the locking surface under the action of elastic restoring force to keep it in a non-contact state with the driven shaft 4.

[0048] It should be noted that the retainer 7 is fixedly connected to the inner push shell 6, for example, by a snap-fit ​​connection, and can rotate synchronously with the inner push shell 6. The first elastic element 9 is, for example, a cylindrical spring. When the locking element 8 is not compressed, the first elastic element 9 pushes the locking element 8 and the locking surface abut under the action of elastic restoring force, thereby keeping the locking element 8 disengaged from the driven shaft 4 and avoiding frictional wear in the non-working state. When the locking element 8 is compressed by the guide surface, the locking element 8 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic element 9 and moves radially inward, clamping the driven shaft 4. Here, the locking element 8 is, for example, a roller structure.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, a reset element is provided between the outer push shell 27 and the drive disk 5. This reset element is used to drive the outer push shell 27 to reset when the electromagnetic coil assembly is de-energized and the axial electromagnetic driving force is removed, so that the transmission component rotates in the opposite direction and drives the locking mechanism to release the driven shaft 4. The reset element is preferably a disc spring 15.

[0050] Furthermore, a circumferential locking structure is provided between the inner push ring 14 and the drive disk 5 to enable the inner push ring 14 to rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 3. Here, the circumferential locking structure refers to a structure that can achieve circumferential locking and axial sliding, such as a key and groove structure, or a locating pin and slide groove structure.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, an oil passage hole 24 is provided on the inner thrust ring 14 to provide lubricating medium to the thrust bearing 13. Here, the oil passage hole 24 is a through hole structure that penetrates the inner thrust ring 14. Its opening position and hole diameter are matched to the lubrication requirements of the thrust bearing 13. The oil passage hole 24 serves as a channel for conveying lubricating medium (such as lubricating oil or grease), allowing the lubricating medium to pass through this channel and smoothly reach the internal working contact surface (rolling element and raceway) of the thrust bearing 13 from one side of the inner thrust ring 14, thereby achieving continuous and precise lubrication of the thrust bearing 13.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electromagnetic coil assembly includes: The iron core shell 16 and the iron core end cap 17 are used together. The iron core shell 16 is hollow inside, and together with the iron core end cap 17, they form an accommodating space. A frame 18 is set in the receiving space to fix the position of the coil 19 in the receiving space. The coil 19 is used to generate electromagnetic driving force when energized. An outer push ring 1 is provided between the frame 18 and the iron core end cover 17. A magnetic shielding ring 2 is provided on the end face of the outer push ring 1 facing the iron core end cover 17. A spatial gap is formed between the magnetic shielding ring 2 and the iron core end cover 17. When coil 19 is energized, it generates an axial electromagnetic driving force, and the push ring 1 moves axially along the spatial gap under the action of the axial electromagnetic driving force.

[0053] The iron core shell 16 is made of magnetically conductive material and has a hollow internal structure. Together with the iron core end cap 17, it forms a receiving space to accommodate the coil 19. Simultaneously, it concentrates the magnetic field generated by the coil 19 when energized, enhancing the strength of the electromagnetic driving force and ensuring that the electromagnetic driving force acts precisely along the axial direction on the outer push ring 1. The iron core end cap 17 is also made of magnetically conductive material, forming a complete magnetic circuit with the iron core shell 16. This allows the magnetic field generated by the coil 19 to form a directional closed loop along the iron core, reducing magnetic field leakage. The frame 18 is made of non-magnetically conductive insulating material, which can limit the coil 19 to a designated position within the receiving space, while isolating the coil 19 from the magnetically conductive iron core shell 16 and iron core end cap 17, preventing short circuits and ensuring electrical safety. The coil 19 is made of enameled wire wound together and generates a directional electromagnetic field when energized.

[0054] Furthermore, in traditional structures, when the assembly dimensional chain accumulates to the limit tolerance, the gap between the push ring 1 and the iron core end cover 17 may be too small, causing the push ring 1 to prematurely contact or lock with the iron core end cover 17 at the end of its stroke, resulting in insufficient actual stroke and a decrease in electromagnetic driving force. This application addresses this by providing a magnetic shielding ring 2 on the end face of the push ring 1 facing the iron core end cover 17, creating a predetermined spatial gap between the magnetic shielding ring 2 and the iron core end cover 17. This spatial gap provides sufficient stroke space for the push ring 1 while avoiding collisions or locking caused by tolerance accumulation, thus ensuring that the push ring 1 still receives a stable electromagnetic driving force at the end of its stroke, meeting the driving force requirements without increasing the coil size.

[0055] Specifically, when the coil 19 is connected to an external power source, current flows through the enameled wire, generating a ring-shaped electromagnetic field according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. This ring-shaped electromagnetic field is received and converged by the magnetically conductive iron core shell 16 and the iron core end cover 17, forming a directional magnetic circuit along the axial direction of the mechanism. The force of the magnetic field is concentrated and directed towards the outer push ring 1 opposite to the coil structure. The axial magnetic field generates a strong axial electromagnetic attraction, which acts directly on the outer push ring 1, pushing the outer push ring 1 to move axially along the space gap between the magnetic isolation ring 2 and the iron core end cover 17. The axial movement of the outer push ring 1 transmits the driving force to the subsequent one-way locking assembly through the transmission assembly, triggering the clamping action of the driven shaft 4. When the coil 19 is de-energized, the electromagnetic field disappears, the electromagnetic driving force is removed, and the outer push ring 1 is reset in the reverse direction under the action of the reset component.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the frame 18 has a limiting protrusion 20 near the side wall of the outer push ring 1. When the outer push ring 1 resets, the limiting protrusion 20 abuts against the outer push ring 1 to limit the reset stroke of the outer push ring 1. The setting position, height, and thickness of the limiting protrusion 20 are all designed according to the reset stroke of the outer push ring 1. It is used to rigidly abut against the outer push ring 1 only when it resets to the limit position, thereby terminating the reset movement of the outer push ring 1 by physical blocking and limiting it to the preset working initial position.

[0057] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, a support frame 25 is provided on the side of the iron core shell 16 away from the iron core end cover 17. The support frame 25 can be fixed to the outer end face of the iron core shell 16 by welding (such as resistance welding, laser welding, argon arc welding, etc.). It serves as the connection medium between the iron core shell 16 and the external mounting carrier (such as the vehicle gearbox housing), and also provides an installation base for the press-fit nut 21. The press-fit nut 21 is a threaded fastener, which is installed on the preset mounting holes of the support frame 25 by press-fitting, forming an integrated connection structure with the support frame 25. This not only improves the convenience and assembly efficiency of connecting the support frame 25 to external components, but also ensures the tightness of the connection structure, effectively resisting vibration and impact during vehicle operation, preventing loosening of the connection, and ensuring the overall stability of the mechanism installation.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, lead wire 22 is the circuit connection wire of the coil structure. One end of lead wire 22 is electrically connected to coil 19 through processes such as crimping, soldering, and riveting. Its other end extends outward through the pre-set outlet hole of iron core shell 16, serving as the current transmission channel between coil 19 and the vehicle's external power supply and electronic control system. Sealing plug 23 is an elastic sealing component installed at the outlet hole of iron core shell 16. It prevents lubricating oil and grease from the vehicle's gearbox, as well as external dust, moisture, and other impurities, from entering the coil structure's receiving cavity through the outlet hole. This prevents contamination and corrosion of components such as coil 19 and frame 18, prevents short circuits in coil 19, and ensures the electrical safety and operational stability of the coil structure. At the same time, it provides flexible restraint for lead wire 22, buffering the pulling and shaking caused by vehicle vibration, preventing the connection between lead wire 22 and coil 19 from breaking due to repeated stress, and ensuring the continuity of the circuit connection.

[0059] The working process of this electromagnetic actuator is as follows: When the device is not powered on, the whole is in the initial state, that is, the reset component is in the natural state, the drive shaft 3 can rotate independently, the driven shaft 4 has no power input, and the power transmission path between the two is disconnected.

[0060] When the coil 19 is energized, the axial electromagnetic driving force it generates pushes the outer push ring 1 to move axially along the spatial gap toward the one-way locking assembly, and transmits the force sequentially through the thrust bearing 13 and the inner push ring 14 to the outer push shell 27. When the outer push shell 27 moves axially, it drives the pin 10 to move synchronously. Under the constraint of the first sliding groove 11 and the second sliding groove 12 in opposite directions, the pin 10 drives the inner push shell 6 to rotate circumferentially relative to the drive disc 5. The inner push shell 6 drives the retainer 7 and the locking member 8 to rotate synchronously. The locking member 8 moves radially inward under the pressure of the guide surface, and at the same time, the first elastic member 9 is compressed. The locking member 8 contacts and clamps the driven shaft 4, thereby realizing the power transmission.

[0061] When the coil 19 is de-energized, the axial electromagnetic driving force is removed, and the axial reset force of the reset member drives the outer push shell 27 to move axially in the opposite direction. The pin 10 slides in the opposite direction, causing the inner push shell 6 to rotate in the opposite direction. The locking member 8 is released from the guide surface and, under the action of the first elastic member 9, pushes the locking member 8 to abut against the locking surface, thereby releasing the driven shaft 4. At this time, the power transmission is disconnected, and the outer push ring 1 and the transmission assembly are reset to their initial positions.

[0062] Throughout the entire operation, the movement and force transmission of each component are carried out along the axial direction of the drive shaft 3, without off-center load or interference. Relying on the cooperation of a purely mechanical structure, the conversion of electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy and the precise conversion of the direction of motion (axial, circumferential, radial) are achieved, ultimately completing the precise and stable control of power on and off, which is suitable for scenarios that provide additional power input to automobile engines.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the application concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic actuator, characterized in that, include: An electromagnetic coil assembly, a transmission assembly, and a one-way locking assembly are arranged sequentially along the axis of the drive shaft (3) of the vehicle power input structure, and a driven shaft (4) is sleeved on the drive shaft (3). The electromagnetic coil assembly is sleeved on the drive shaft (3) and is used to drive the outer push ring (1) sleeved on the drive shaft (3) to move axially along the drive shaft (3); The transmission assembly is mounted on the drive shaft (3), and one end is connected to the outer push ring (1) for transmission. The one-way locking assembly includes a drive disk (5), which is sleeved on the drive shaft (3) and drivenly connected to the drive shaft (3). The drive disk (5) is provided with a transmission component and a locking mechanism. The transmission component is drivenly connected to the other end of the transmission assembly and is used to convert the axial movement of the transmission assembly into the rotational movement of the transmission component relative to the drive disk (5). The locking mechanism is sleeved on the driven shaft (4) and drivenly connected to the transmission component. When the transmission component rotates relative to the drive disk (5), it drives the locking mechanism to rotate synchronously. The locking member (8) of the locking mechanism, which cooperates with the drive disk (5), moves radially along the drive shaft (3) until it locks with the driven shaft (4) so ​​that the driven shaft (4) rotates synchronously with the drive shaft (3).

2. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: An inner push ring (14) is disposed inside the outer push ring (1) and the two are connected by a thrust bearing (13); one side of the inner push ring (14) extends outside the electromagnetic coil assembly to form a connecting part; An outer push shell (27) is sleeved on the drive shaft (3) and connected to the connecting part; the inner wall of the outer push shell (27) is provided with a push ring (26). When the outer push ring (1) moves axially under the drive of the electromagnetic coil assembly, the outer push shell (27) and the push ring (26) are driven to move axially synchronously through the thrust bearing (13) and the inner push ring (14) to transmit the axial motion to the one-way locking assembly.

3. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive disk (5) includes: The disc-shaped body is driven and connected to the drive shaft (3), and the disc-shaped body is recessed to form an installation space. The locking mechanism is installed inside the installation space. The disc-shaped body has a plurality of arc-shaped openings that penetrate the disc-shaped body axially along the circumferential direction. Multiple guide locking grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc-shaped body on its inner wall; each guide locking groove includes a guide surface and a locking surface connected in sequence, and the distance from the guide surface to the axis of the disc-shaped body gradually increases from the direction away from the locking surface to the direction towards the locking surface.

4. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: The inner push shell (6) is connected to the locking mechanism through multiple connecting parts that pass through the arc-shaped opening. A pin (10) is mounted on the outer push shell (27); The first sliding groove (11) and the second sliding groove (12) are formed on the drive disk (5) and the second sliding groove (12) are formed on the inner push shell (6). The extension directions of the first sliding groove (11) and the second sliding groove (12) are at a preset angle, and the pin (10) passes through both the first sliding groove (11) and the second sliding groove (12). When the transmission assembly moves axially, the pin (10) slides along the first sliding groove (11) and simultaneously drives the inner push shell (6) to rotate relative to the drive disk (5) through sliding cooperation with the second sliding groove (12).

5. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking mechanism further includes: The retainer (7) is connected to the inner push shell (6) through multiple connecting parts; the retainer (7) has multiple mounting slots distributed circumferentially, and the locking member (8) is slidably installed in the mounting slot, and the locking member (8) is correspondingly set with the guide locking slot; The first elastic element (9) is disposed in the mounting groove and cooperates with the guide locking groove so that when the inner push shell (6) rotates relative to the drive disk (5), it drives the retainer (7) to rotate synchronously. The locking element (8) is squeezed by the corresponding guide surface and moves radially inward to lock the driven shaft (4) while compressing the first elastic element (9). When the locking element (8) is not squeezed by the corresponding guide surface, the first elastic element (9) pushes the locking element (8) to abut against the locking surface under the action of elastic restoring force to keep it in a non-contact state with the driven shaft (4).

6. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic coil assembly includes: The iron core shell (16) and iron core end cap (17) are used together. The iron core shell (16) is hollow inside, and together with the iron core end cap (17), they form a receiving space. A frame (18) is disposed within the accommodating space to fix the position of the coil (19) within the accommodating space. The coil (19) is used to generate electromagnetic driving force when energized. An outward push ring (1) is provided between the frame (18) and the iron core end cover (17). A magnetic shielding ring (2) is provided on the end face of the outward push ring (1) facing the iron core end cover (17), and a spatial gap is formed between the magnetic shielding ring (2) and the iron core end cover (17). When the coil (19) is energized, an axial electromagnetic driving force is generated, and the push ring (1) moves axially along the space gap under the action of the axial electromagnetic driving force.

7. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The frame (18) has a limiting protrusion (20) near the side wall of the push ring (1). When the push ring (1) is reset, the limiting protrusion (20) abuts against the push ring (1) to limit the reset stroke of the push ring (1).

8. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner thrust ring (14) has an oil passage (24) for providing lubricating medium to the thrust bearing (13).

9. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, A reset component is provided between the outer push shell (27) and the drive disk (5) for resetting the outer push shell (27) when the electromagnetic coil assembly is de-energized and the axial electromagnetic driving force is removed, so that the transmission component rotates in the opposite direction and drives the locking mechanism to release the driven shaft (4).

10. An electromagnetic actuator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thrust bearing (13) is a thrust needle roller bearing; the reset element is a disc spring (15).

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