Partitioned shell mist eliminator cooling tower with modular water distribution system
By using a modular water distribution system and a partitioned design for the cavity-shell defogging packing cooling tower, the problems of system resistance, defogging effect and stability of existing cooling towers have been solved. Dynamic optimization and efficient heat exchange based on operating conditions have been achieved, reducing energy consumption and renovation costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG LANXIANG ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
Smart Images
Figure CN122281618A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0002] This invention relates to the field of cooling tower technology, and more specifically to a partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system. Background Technology
[0004] Current anti-fogging cooling tower technology has formed two main systems: condensing modules and dry-wet cooling. Condensing module technology, by installing a high-efficiency condensing device on the tower body, uses an ambient cold source to force the humid air to undergo a phase change and condense, reducing the relative humidity of the exhaust gas to near ambient levels and achieving anti-fogging. This is suitable for the environmental retrofitting of existing cooling towers in cold northern regions. Dry-wet cooling technology, on the other hand, arranges the air cooler and water-cooled section in series, controlling the air distribution ratio between the dry and wet sections to achieve anti-fogging while maintaining the cooling temperature difference.
[0005] However, in practical applications, the above technologies face significant technical bottlenecks: First, the system's resistance characteristics are problematic; the condenser module significantly increases wind resistance, and the air-cooled section of the dry-wet system causes an increase in total resistance, forcing an increase in fan energy consumption. Second, the defogging effect is significantly affected by environmental parameters; when the ambient temperature or relative humidity is high, the defogging efficiency of the condenser module decreases significantly, and the dry-wet system is prone to incomplete defogging under low-temperature and high-humidity conditions. Most importantly, its year-round operational stability is insufficient; in summer, the condenser module's condensation efficiency decreases, leading to a reduction in cooling capacity, and the limited heat exchange capacity of the air-cooled section in the dry-wet system further reduces the overall cooling effect. Furthermore, the high cost of retrofitting limits its wider application.
[0006] A prior art patent with publication number CN115183601A discloses a scheme comprising multiple corrugated plates, with a dispersing section at the top and a uniform section at the bottom, arranged parallel to each other. Each corrugated plate includes: multiple baffle surfaces, each baffle surface having an overflow groove at its bottom end; a liquid film surface extending vertically downwards along the lower sidewall of the overflow groove; and a sealing edge alternately surrounding the opposite sides of adjacent corrugated plates, forming a first channel and a second channel spaced apart. This invention also discloses a water-saving and defogging cooling tower. Through the design of the overflow groove and liquid film surface of the defogging packing unit, this defogging packing unit can replace the water-spraying packing of conventional cooling towers, achieving both water-saving and defogging functions. The water-saving and defogging cooling tower of this invention is easy to install, and its manufacturing cost is comparable to that of ordinary open cooling towers.
[0007] The shortcomings of existing technology have gradually become apparent with use, mainly in the following aspects: First, in the existing cooling tower packing area, there is either only a non-fogging area or only a fogging area, which cannot achieve functional complementarity. This makes it impossible to dynamically adjust the operating strategy according to the actual working conditions to optimize the system's energy efficiency and maximize environmental benefits.
[0008] Secondly, the system's resistance characteristics are a significant issue. The condenser module increases wind resistance considerably, and the air-cooled section of the dry-wet system leads to increased total resistance, forcing an increase in fan energy consumption. Secondly, the defogging effect is significantly affected by environmental parameters. When the ambient temperature or relative humidity is high, the defogging efficiency of the condenser module decreases significantly, and the dry-wet system is prone to incomplete defogging under low-temperature, high-humidity conditions. Most importantly, its year-round operational stability is insufficient. In summer, the condenser module's condensation efficiency decreases, leading to a reduction in cooling capacity. The limited heat exchange capacity of the air-cooled section in the dry-wet system further reduces the overall cooling effect. Furthermore, the high cost of retrofitting limits its wider application.
[0009] Third, existing anti-fogging heat exchange packing structures, limited by their own surface structure, cannot simultaneously achieve the effects of guiding medium flow, uniform distribution, enhanced heat exchange, and structural strength.
[0010] Fourth, when a cooling tower is equipped with a cavity shell defogging packing unit, water needs to be distributed only to the cavity shell defogging packing unit in its defogging mode. However, traditional cooling towers are limited by the spray system and cannot distribute circulating cooling water only in the cavity shell defogging packing unit to form a uniform and stable water film, which leads to the inability to achieve the best defogging and heat exchange effects.
[0011] In conclusion, the existing technology obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the Invention
[0013] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a zoned cavity-shell defogging cooling tower with a modular water distribution system. This allows factories to dynamically adjust their operating strategies according to actual working conditions, with each zone within the tower operating independently or in conjunction with other systems. Defogging and non-defogging modes can be independently controlled. This enables a dedicated defogging water distribution system equipped with cavity-shell defogging packing units, improving the cooling tower's defogging capacity. Ultimately, this achieves optimal system energy efficiency and maximizes environmental benefits.
[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A partitioned cavity shell defogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system includes a tower body, wherein the tower body is provided with a cavity shell defogging packing unit, or is divided into a defogging area and a non-defogging area by vertically arranged partitions. The defogging area is equipped with a cavity shell defogging packing unit, and the non-defogging area is equipped with a conventional heat exchange packing unit. A dedicated water distribution system for demisting is provided above the cavity shell demisting packing unit. The cavity shell defogging packing unit includes several packing sheets. Adjacent packing sheets are horizontally rotated 180° along their long side and then stacked and bonded together. Alternating hot and cold channels are formed through the cavities between the packing sheets.
[0015] As an optimized solution, the dedicated anti-fogging water distribution system includes an anti-fogging inlet main pipe, below which are arranged parallel and interconnected anti-fogging distribution main pipes, and below which are arranged parallel and interconnected anti-fogging distribution branch pipes. The lower surface of each of the anti-fogging water distribution branch pipes is provided with several cavity shell-specific water distribution nozzles arranged in parallel along the axial direction. The extension direction of the several cavity shell-specific water distribution nozzles on the same anti-fogging water distribution branch pipe is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the packing sheets of the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit. The cavity shell-specific water distribution nozzles extend into the thermal channel of the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit.
[0016] As an optimized solution, the dedicated water distribution nozzle for the cavity shell is a low-pressure three-way flow nozzle. The low-pressure three-way flow nozzle includes a nozzle pipe, the top of which is provided with a quick-connect interface, the middle with a reinforcing rib structure, and the bottom with a flow outlet and a water flow distribution structure.
[0017] As an optimized solution, the tower body is equipped with conventional water distribution systems in the areas above the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit and the conventional heat exchange packing unit.
[0018] As an optimized solution, in the fog-eliminating operation mode, the dedicated fog-eliminating water distribution system is activated, while the regular water distribution system is deactivated. When not in fog-eliminating operation mode, shut down the dedicated fog-eliminating water distribution system and turn on the regular water distribution system.
[0019] In mixed operation mode, the dedicated water distribution system for fog suppression and the regular water distribution system in non-fog suppression areas are turned on, while the regular water distribution system in fog suppression areas is turned off.
[0020] As an optimized solution, the packing sheet includes a sheet body, and a flow guiding and dispersing zone is provided on the side wall near the top of the sheet body. Below the flow guiding and dispersing zone, several sets of oblique heat exchange corrugations and vertical heat exchange corrugations are arranged alternately in a vertical direction, and the extension directions of adjacent sets of oblique heat exchange corrugations are arranged in opposite directions. The opposite sides of the sheet are respectively provided with a stepped edge sealing structure.
[0021] As an optimized solution, the ladder-shaped edge sealing structure includes ladder structures located on opposite sides of the sheet body, one of the ladder structures having a protruding connecting section, and the other ladder structure having a groove-shaped connecting section that matches the protruding connecting section. The outer inclined side of the tiered structure has a sealing edge that extends horizontally outward from the bottom.
[0022] As an optimized solution, the middle position of the vertical heat exchange corrugation is provided with several supporting protrusions and concave points arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction. The supporting protrusions and concave points are located on the crests or troughs of the corrugations, and the protrusions and concave directions of the supporting protrusions and concave points are alternately arranged along their parallel directions.
[0023] As an optimized solution, the vertical heat exchange corrugations are provided with several vertically reinforced corrugation structures arranged side by side along their extension direction, and the extension direction of the vertically reinforced corrugation structures is orthogonal to the extension direction of the vertical heat exchange corrugations.
[0024] As an optimized solution, the oblique heat exchange corrugations are provided with several oblique reinforcing corrugation structures arranged side by side along their extension direction, and the extension direction of the vertical reinforcing corrugation structures is orthogonal to the extension direction of the oblique heat exchange corrugations.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: When the cooling tower is divided into a non-fogging zone (using conventional standard packing) and a fogging zone (using cavity shell fogging packing unit) with complementary functions, the two zones can operate independently or be linked and controlled. The factory can dynamically adjust the operation strategy according to the actual working conditions, thereby optimizing the system's energy efficiency and maximizing environmental benefits. Defogging operation mode: The system activates the dedicated defogging water distribution system to evenly distribute circulating cooling water to the hot channel of the defogging packing unit in the cavity shell. Relying on the guiding and dispersing effect of the packing's guiding and dispersing zone, the cooling water forms a continuous and stable descending water film along the inner wall of the packing. Outside cold air enters from the bottom. Part of it enters the cold channel and exchanges heat efficiently with the water film on the inner wall of the hot channel through the indirect heat conduction. The other part of the cold air enters the hot channel and contacts the water film for heat exchange, further enhancing efficiency. Finally, the rising dry hot air mixes with the humid hot air, effectively reducing the formation of fog plumes. Non-fogging operation mode: Close the valve of the dedicated water distribution system for fogging and open the corresponding valve of the conventional water distribution structure. All circulating cooling water is evenly sprayed down through the conventional water distribution structure and flows into the cavity shell fogging packing unit and the conventional packing unit simultaneously. Outside cold air enters from the bottom air inlet and forms counter-convective heat exchange with the falling cooling water. The gas and liquid phases are fully exchanged, which significantly improves the overall heat exchange efficiency of the system. Hybrid operation mode: Close the valves of the conventional water distribution structure in the defogging section, open the valves of the defogging-specific water distribution system in the defogging section, and open the valves of the conventional water distribution system in the non-defogging section to achieve dual-path differentiated heat exchange: The non-defogging section enhances heat dissipation and generates humid and hot air through contact-type counter-convective heat exchange; the circulating cooling water in the defogging area enters the hot channel and exchanges heat with the cold air in the cold channel through the wall, while some cold air enters the hot channel to participate in contact heat exchange. The two airflows mix above the water collector and are then discharged. This mode can simultaneously achieve both efficient heat exchange and defogging effect.
[0026] When only the cavity shell defogging packing unit is installed inside the cooling tower, in defogging mode, the conventional water distribution system is completely closed, and the defogging-specific water distribution system is opened, supplying water only to the thermal channel of the cavity shell defogging packing unit to achieve precise water distribution under defogging conditions. In non-fogging mode, the dedicated water distribution system for fogging is completely shut down, while the conventional water distribution system is turned on, supplying water to all hot and cold channels of the cavity shell fogging packing unit, switching to high-efficiency heat exchange mode. In defogging mode, the circulating cooling water is sprayed from top to bottom by the dedicated defogging water distribution system. It is precisely guided into the hot channel of the defogging packing unit via a dedicated water distribution nozzle, forming a continuous and uniform descending water film under the guidance and dispersion of the packing. Outside cold air enters from the bottom of the defogging packing unit from bottom to top. Part of the air enters the cold channel, where it exchanges heat efficiently with the circulating cooling water in the hot channel through the partition wall, absorbing heat from the water film and transforming into dry, hot air. The other part enters the hot channel, where it exchanges heat with the circulating cooling water in a counter-current manner, absorbing moisture and heat and transforming into humid, hot air. These two airflows of different properties mix thoroughly above the water collector and at the bottom of the fan, forming a mixed air with significantly reduced humidity, effectively suppressing fog formation and achieving the defogging effect. Finally, the mixed air is discharged outside the tower by the fan. In non-fogging mode, circulating cooling water is evenly distributed from top to bottom through a conventional water distribution system, fully covering all hot and cold channels of the cavity shell defogging packing unit. The water flow forms a uniform water film along the surface of the packing. Outside cold air enters from the bottom of the cavity shell defogging packing unit from bottom to top, forming a counter-current with the falling circulating cooling water. Through full contact and heat exchange between the gas and liquid phases, the dry cold air absorbs heat and moisture and transforms into humid hot air, which is then discharged outside the tower under the drive of the fan, ensuring the efficient heat exchange performance of the cooling tower under normal operating conditions.
[0027] The packing sheet is a one-piece molded structure. The packing sheet is horizontally flipped along the long side and then stacked and bonded to form an integral cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit. Structurally, it is divided into three functional areas, each of which is an integrated structure. The three areas are, in order, the flow guiding and dispersing area, the stepped edge sealing structure, and the functional area. The functional area is equipped with oblique heat exchange corrugations and vertical heat exchange corrugations. The areas are interconnected and work together to form a complete packing sheet structure. The flow guiding and dispersing zone is located at the top of the packing sheet and extends downwards a certain distance from the top. It is mainly used for the initial distribution and guidance of the water flow entering the packing. The vertical guide strip has a semi-circular groove in its cross-section, which can guide and distribute the water flow; the concave and convex support points increase the support strength in this area. The flow guiding and dispersing zone is used to disperse the circulating cooling water, so that the water flow is uniform and completely covers the entire packing heat exchange zone, and flows smoothly downward along the packing wall, thereby increasing the heat exchange interface area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The ladder-shaped sealing structure is located at both ends of the overall packing sheet and extends downwards from the top, seamlessly connecting with the main structure of the packing sheet. The ladder-type sealing structure consists of two ladder-type structures, which are matched and adapted to each other. After the two packing plates are horizontally flipped and stacked, the protruding connecting sections and the grooved connecting sections at both ends can fit together tightly, effectively sealing the side gaps of the packing, while greatly improving the overall sealing performance and overall structural strength after stacking, avoiding structural deformation or side leakage problems. The sealing edge extends horizontally outward from the bottom of the outer inclined side of the ladder platform; when multiple layers of packing are stacked one after another, adjacent packing can be sealed by the sealing edge, forming an alternating sealing cooperation with the ladder platform seal, further improving the overall sealing performance and structural reliability. The functional area occupies most of the overall packing sheet area, located below the flow guiding and dispersing area, and is closely integrated with the flow guiding and dispersing area. The functional area is closely connected to the stepped sealing structure on both sides. The functional area includes alternating oblique heat exchange corrugations and vertical heat exchange corrugations. Supporting protrusions and concave points are also horizontally distributed in the middle of the vertical heat exchange corrugations. The function of vertical and diagonal reinforced corrugated structures is to enhance the overall structural strength, increase the heat exchange area, and improve heat exchange efficiency.
[0028] Below the main defogging water inlet pipe, there are several interconnected main defogging water distribution pipes. Below the main defogging water distribution pipe, there are several interconnected branch pipes for defogging water distribution. On the lower surface of each branch pipe, there are several dedicated water distribution nozzles for the cavity shell arranged in parallel along the axial direction, forming a regular modular water distribution network.
[0029] The special water distribution nozzles for the cavity shell are arranged in an array along the bottom center line of the anti-fogging water distribution branch pipe, which can evenly spray water onto the surface of the anti-fogging packing unit of the cavity shell below, ensuring complete water coverage and uniform distribution; The inlet water connection pipe and the anti-fogging water distribution connector are connected by a flange structure to ensure the sealing of water flow and structural stability; The cavity shell-specific water distribution nozzle is a low-pressure three-way flow nozzle, which is suitable for the water distribution requirements of the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit. The quick-connect socket is located at the top of the nozzle and adopts an upward demolding structure. It can be tightly connected to the anti-fogging water distribution branch pipe by cooperating with the sealing ring. The socket connection method facilitates quick on-site installation and disassembly, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the pipeline connection. The reinforcing ribs are located in the upper middle part of the nozzle and have a layered structure on the surface. The upper and lower edges are rounded, which can effectively improve the overall structural strength of the nozzle and prevent deformation or damage caused by water flow impact or external force during long-term operation. The nozzle has three flow directions: one side nozzle on each side of the nozzle and one bottom nozzle at the center of the bottom; the side nozzles are aligned with the extension direction of the demisting water distribution branch pipe, which enables directional and dispersed spraying of water. The water distribution structure is located inside the inlet area and is in the form of a hollow triangular prism with rounded corners on all connecting surfaces. The two inclined sides of the prism correspond to the side inlets on both sides, and a vertically downward through hole is opened at the center of the prism, which precisely corresponds to the bottom inlet. This allows for secondary distribution of the fluid entering the nozzle, further improving the dispersion and uniformity of the water flow, and ensuring that the water flow evenly covers the heat exchange area of the lower cavity shell anti-fog packing unit. Attached Figure Description
[0030] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the defogging area and the non-defogging area of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state under the defogging mode of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid distribution in the cavity shell defogging packing unit under the defogging mode of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the defogging mode of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state under the non-defogging mode of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the non-fogging mode of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the packing sheet of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the flow-guiding and dispersing structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ladder-type edge sealing structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ladder-type edge sealing structure of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the functional area of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the defogging-specific water distribution system of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the special water distribution nozzle for the cavity shell of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the defogging water distribution system and the cavity shell defogging packing unit of the present invention.
[0032] In the diagram: 1-Tower body; 2-Anti-fogging area; 3-Non-anti-fogging area; 4-Cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit; 5-Dedicated anti-fogging water distribution system; 6-Conventional water distribution system; 7-Baffle plate; 8-Water collector; 9-Conventional heat exchange packing unit; 10-Anti-fogging water distribution branch pipe; 11-Dedicated water distribution nozzle for cavity shell; 12-Hot passage; 13-Cold passage; 16-Fan; 17-Circulating cooling water; 18-Outdoor cold air; 19-Mixed air; 20-Hot and humid air; 21-Flow guiding and dispersing zone; 22-Ladder sealing structure; 23-Functional area; 24-Vertical guide strip; 25 26-Concave-convex support point; 27-Raised connection section; 28-Groove connection section; 29-Sealing edge; 30-Slanted heat exchange corrugation; 31-Vertical heat exchange corrugation; 32-Support convex and concave points; 33-Vertical reinforced corrugated structure; 34-Slanted reinforced corrugated structure; 35-Terraced structure; 36-Inlet water connection pipe; 37-Anti-fog water distribution main pipe; 38-Quick socket interface; 39-Reinforcing rib structure; 40-Side outlet; 41-Water flow distribution structure; 42-Anti-fog water distribution connector; 43-Water distribution connection pipe; 44-Bottom outlet; 45-Anti-fog water inlet main pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 16 As shown, a partitioned cavity shell defogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system includes a tower body 1, and a cavity shell defogging packing unit 4 is provided inside the tower body 1, or it is divided into a defogging area 2 and a non-defogging area 3 by a vertically arranged partition 7. The defogging area 2 is equipped with a cavity shell defogging packing unit 4, and the non-defogging area 3 is equipped with a conventional heat exchange packing unit 9. A dedicated anti-fogging water distribution system 5 is installed above the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit 4. The cavity shell defogging packing unit 4 includes several packing pieces. Adjacent packing pieces are horizontally rotated 180° along their long side and then stacked and bonded together. Alternating hot channels 12 and cold channels 13 are formed through the cavities between the packing pieces.
[0035] The dedicated anti-fogging water distribution system 5 includes an anti-fogging inlet main pipe 44, with an anti-fogging distribution main pipe 36 arranged in parallel below the anti-fogging inlet main pipe 44, and several interconnected anti-fogging distribution branch pipes 10 arranged in parallel below the anti-fogging distribution main pipe 36. The lower surface of each anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10 is provided with several cavity shell dedicated water distribution nozzles 11 arranged in parallel along the axial direction. The extension direction of the several cavity shell dedicated water distribution nozzles 11 on the same anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10 is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the packing sheets of the cavity shell anti-fog packing unit 4. The cavity shell dedicated water distribution nozzles 11 extend into the thermal channel 12 of the cavity shell anti-fog packing unit 4.
[0036] The cavity shell special water distribution nozzle 11 is a low-pressure three-way flow nozzle.
[0037] An inlet water inlet pipe 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom center line of the anti-fog water inlet main pipe 44, and an anti-fog water distribution connector 41 connected to the inlet water inlet pipe 35 is fixedly connected to the anti-fog water distribution main pipe 36.
[0038] The inlet water connection pipe 35 is connected to the anti-fog water distribution connector 41 via a flange structure.
[0039] The anti-fogging water distribution connector 41 is located in the middle of the anti-fogging water distribution main pipe 36.
[0040] The main water supply pipe 36 for defogging and the branch water supply pipe 10 for defogging are connected by a water supply connection pipe 42.
[0041] The water distribution connection pipe 42 includes two elbows arranged at 90° to each other. The horizontal section of the elbow inlet is connected to the anti-fogging water distribution main pipe 36, and the vertical section outlet of the elbow is connected to the anti-fogging water distribution branch pipe 10.
[0042] The extension direction of the anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the anti-fog water distribution main pipe 36 when viewed from above.
[0043] The low-pressure three-way flow nozzle includes a nozzle, a quick-connect interface 37 at the top of the nozzle, a reinforcing rib structure 38 in the middle, and a flow outlet and a water flow distribution structure 40 at the bottom.
[0044] The reinforcing rib structure 38 includes reinforcing ribs distributed in layers from top to bottom, and the upper and lower edges of the reinforcing ribs are provided with transition rounded corners.
[0045] The nozzle includes a bottom nozzle 43 located at the lower end of the nozzle and a side nozzle 39 located on the opposite sidewall of the nozzle.
[0046] When installing the nozzle, the parallel direction of the two side outlets 39 is the same as or at a certain angle to the extension direction of the anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10.
[0047] The water flow distribution structure 40 includes a triangular prism located inside the nozzle. The center of the triangular prism has a through hole that communicates with the bottom outlet 43. The lower edges of the two inclined sides of the triangular prism correspond to two side outlets 39.
[0048] The cavity shell defogging packing unit 4 is at the same height as the conventional heat exchange packing unit 9.
[0049] The tower body 1 is equipped with a conventional water distribution system 6 in the area above the cavity shell anti-fog packing unit 4 and the conventional heat exchange packing unit 9.
[0050] A water collector 8 is installed in the area of tower body 1 above the conventional water distribution system 6.
[0051] When in fog-eliminating operation mode, turn on the dedicated fog-eliminating water distribution system 5 and turn off the regular water distribution system 6.
[0052] In non-fogging operation mode, shut down the dedicated fogging water distribution system 5 and turn on the regular water distribution system 6.
[0053] In the mixed operation mode, the dedicated water distribution system 5 for fog suppression and the regular water distribution system 6 in the non-fog suppression area 3 are turned on, while the regular water distribution system 6 in the fog suppression area 2 is turned off.
[0054] The top of the anti-fogging water distribution branch pipe 10 is tightly fitted to the top of the anti-fogging packing unit 4 in the cavity shell.
[0055] The conventional water distribution system 6 has several nozzles arranged in parallel along its extension direction.
[0056] A fan 16 is installed at the top of tower body 1.
[0057] The packing sheet includes a sheet body. A flow guiding and dispersing zone 21 is provided on the side wall near the top of the sheet body. Several sets of oblique heat exchange corrugations 29 and vertical heat exchange corrugations 30 are alternately arranged vertically below the flow guiding and dispersing zone 21. The extension directions of adjacent sets of oblique heat exchange corrugations 29 are opposite. The opposite side edges of the sheet are respectively provided with stepped edge sealing structures 22.
[0058] Several sheets are arranged side by side, and adjacent sheets are horizontally rotated 180° along the long side, forming a cavity shell structure through the area between adjacent sheets.
[0059] The flow guiding and dispersing zone 21 has several vertical flow guiding strips 24 arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction, and several concave and convex support points 25 arranged in parallel at the top of the flow guiding and dispersing zone 21.
[0060] The vertical guide bar 24 has a semi-circular groove in its cross-sectional shape.
[0061] Several concave and convex support points 25 are arranged alternately in their parallel directions.
[0062] The ladder edge sealing structure 22 includes ladder structures 34 located on opposite sides of the sheet body. One ladder structure 34 is provided with a protruding connecting section 26, and the other ladder structure 34 is provided with a grooved connecting section 27 that matches the protruding connecting section 26.
[0063] The outer inclined bottom of the tiered structure 34 has a sealing edge 28 extending horizontally outward.
[0064] Several support protrusions and depressions 31 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction at the middle position of the vertical heat exchange corrugation 30. The support protrusions and depressions 31 are located on the crest or trough of the corrugation, and the protrusion and depression directions of the support protrusions and depressions 31 are alternately arranged in the parallel direction.
[0065] The vertical heat exchange corrugation 30 has several vertical reinforcing corrugated structures 32 arranged side by side along its extension direction. The extension direction of the vertical reinforcing corrugated structures 32 is orthogonal to the extension direction of the vertical heat exchange corrugation 30.
[0066] The oblique heat exchange corrugation 29 is provided with several oblique reinforcing corrugation structures 33 arranged in parallel along its extension direction, and the extension direction of the vertical reinforcing corrugation structure 32 is orthogonal to the extension direction of the oblique heat exchange corrugation 29.
[0067] The working principle of this device is as follows: When the cooling tower is divided into a non-fogging zone 3 (using conventional standard packing) and a fogging zone 2 (using a cavity shell fogging packing unit 4) with complementary functions, the two zones can operate independently or be linked and controlled. The factory can dynamically adjust the operating strategy according to the actual working conditions, thereby optimizing the system's energy efficiency and maximizing environmental benefits. Defogging operation mode: The system activates the dedicated defogging water distribution system 5 to evenly distribute the circulating cooling water 17 into the hot channel 12 of the cavity shell defogging packing unit 4. Relying on the guiding and distributing effect of the packing guide dispersion area 21, the cooling water forms a continuous and stable descending water film along the inner wall of the packing. Outside cold air 18 enters from the bottom. Part of it enters the cold channel 13 and exchanges heat efficiently with the water film on the inner wall of the hot channel 12 through the partition wall. The other part of the cold air enters the hot channel 12 and contacts the water film for heat exchange, further enhancing the efficiency. Finally, the rising dry hot air mixes with the humid hot air 20, effectively reducing the formation of fog plumes. Non-fogging operation mode: Close valve 5 of the dedicated water distribution system for fogging, open the corresponding valve of the conventional water distribution structure, and all circulating cooling water 17 is evenly sprayed down through the conventional water distribution structure and flows into the cavity shell fogging packing unit 4 and conventional packing unit 9 simultaneously; outside cold air 18 enters from the bottom air inlet and forms counter-convective heat exchange with the falling cooling water, and the gas and liquid two phases are fully exchanged, which significantly improves the overall heat exchange efficiency of the system. Hybrid operation mode: Close the conventional water distribution structure valves of the defogging section, open the valve 5 of the defogging-specific water distribution system of the defogging section, and open the conventional water distribution valves of the non-defogging section to achieve dual-path differentiated heat exchange: The non-defogging section enhances heat dissipation and generates humid hot air 20 through contact-type reverse convection heat exchange; The circulating cooling water 17 of the defogging area 2 enters the hot channel 12 and exchanges heat with the cold air in the cold channel 13 through the wall, while some of the cold air enters the hot channel 12 to participate in contact heat exchange. The two airflows mix above the water collector 8 and are then discharged. This mode can simultaneously achieve both efficient heat exchange and defogging effect.
[0068] When only the cavity shell defogging filling unit 4 is installed inside the cooling tower, in the defogging mode, the conventional water distribution system 6 is completely closed, and the defogging-specific water distribution system 5 is opened, supplying water only to the hot channel 12 of the cavity shell defogging filling unit 4 in a directional manner to achieve precise water distribution under the defogging condition. In non-fogging mode, the dedicated water distribution system 5 for fogging is completely shut down, and the conventional water distribution system 6 is turned on, supplying water to all the hot and cold channels 12 of the cavity shell fogging packing unit 4, switching to high-efficiency heat exchange mode. In the defogging mode, the circulating cooling water 17 is sprayed from top to bottom by the dedicated defogging water distribution system 5, and is precisely introduced into the hot channel 12 of the cavity shell defogging packing unit 4 through the dedicated water distribution nozzle 11. Under the action of the packing guide dispersion area 21, a continuous and uniform descending water film is formed. The outside cold air 18 enters from the bottom of the cavity shell defogging packing unit 4 from bottom to top. Part of it enters the cold channel 13 and exchanges heat efficiently with the circulating cooling water 17 in the hot channel 12 through the partition wall heat conduction. After absorbing the heat of the water film, it is converted into dry hot air. The other part enters the hot channel 12 and exchanges heat with the circulating cooling water 17 in counter-current contact. After absorbing moisture and heat, it is converted into humid hot air 20. The two airflows with different properties are fully mixed above the water collector 8 and at the bottom of the fan 16 to form mixed air 19 with significantly reduced humidity, which effectively suppresses the formation of fog plumes and achieves the defogging effect. Finally, the mixed air 19 is discharged outside the tower under the drive of the fan 16. In non-fogging mode, the circulating cooling water 17 is evenly distributed from top to bottom through the conventional water distribution system 6, fully covering all the hot and cold channels 12 of the cavity shell defogging packing unit 4, and the water flow forms a uniform water film along the surface of the packing. The outside cold air 18 enters from the bottom of the cavity shell defogging packing unit 4 from bottom to top, forming a counter-current with the falling circulating cooling water 17. Through full contact and heat exchange between the gas and liquid phases, the dry cold air absorbs heat and moisture and turns into humid hot air 20, which is discharged outside the tower under the drive of the fan 16, ensuring the efficient heat exchange performance of the cooling tower under normal operating conditions.
[0069] The packing sheet is a one-piece molded structure. The packing sheet is horizontally flipped along the long side and then stacked and bonded to form an integral cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit 4. Structurally, it is divided into three functional areas, each of which is an integrated structure. These are, in order, the flow guiding and dispersing area 21, the stepped edge sealing structure 22, and the functional area 23. The functional area 23 is provided with oblique heat exchange corrugations 29 and vertical heat exchange corrugations 30. The areas are interconnected and work together to form a complete packing sheet structure. The flow guiding and dispersing zone 21 is located at the top of the packing sheet and extends downwards a certain distance from the top. It is mainly used for the initial distribution and guidance of the water flow entering the packing. The vertical guide strip 24 has a semi-circular groove in its cross-section, which can guide and distribute the water flow; the concave and convex support points 25 increase the support strength in this area; The flow guiding and dispersing zone 21 is used to disperse the circulating cooling water 17, so that the water flow is uniform and completely covers the entire packing heat exchange zone, and flows smoothly downward along the packing wall, thereby increasing the heat exchange interface area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The ladder-shaped sealing structure 22 is located at both ends of the overall packing sheet and extends downward from the top, seamlessly connecting with the main structure of the packing sheet. The two ladder structures 34 of the ladder sealing structure 22 are adapted to each other. After the two packing sheets are horizontally flipped and stacked, the protruding connecting sections 26 and the grooved connecting sections 27 at both ends can fit together tightly, effectively sealing the side gaps of the packing, and at the same time greatly improving the sealing performance and overall structural strength after stacking, avoiding structural deformation or side leakage problems; The sealing edge 28 extends horizontally outward along the bottom of the outer inclined side of the ladder platform; when multiple layers of packing are stacked one after another, adjacent packing can be sealed by the sealing edge 28, forming an alternating sealing cooperation with the ladder platform seal, further improving the overall sealing performance and structural reliability. Functional area 23 occupies most of the overall packing sheet area, located below the flow guiding and dispersing area 21, and is closely integrated with the flow guiding and dispersing area 21. Both sides of functional area 23 are closely connected to the stepped sealing structure 22. Functional area 23 includes alternating oblique heat exchange corrugations 29 and vertical heat exchange corrugations 30. Supporting protrusions and concave points are also horizontally distributed in the middle of the vertical heat exchange corrugations 30. The vertically reinforced corrugated structure 32 and the obliquely reinforced corrugated structure 33 serve to strengthen the overall structural strength, increase the heat exchange area, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
[0070] Below the main defogging water inlet pipe 44, there are connected main defogging water distribution pipes 36 arranged in parallel. Below the main defogging water distribution pipe 36, there are several connected branch pipes 10 arranged in parallel. On the lower surface of each branch pipe 10, there are several cavity-specific water distribution nozzles 11 arranged in parallel along the axial direction, forming a regular modular water distribution network.
[0071] The special water distribution nozzles 11 for the cavity shell are arranged in an array along the bottom center line of the anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10, which can evenly spray water onto the surface of the anti-fog packing unit 4 of the cavity shell below, ensuring complete water coverage and uniform distribution. The inlet water connection pipe 35 and the anti-fogging water distribution connector 41 are connected by a flange structure to ensure the sealing of water flow and structural stability. The cavity shell special water distribution nozzle 11 is a low-pressure three-way flow nozzle, which is suitable for the water distribution requirements of the cavity shell anti-fog packing unit 4. The quick-connect socket 37 is located at the top of the nozzle and adopts an upward demolding structure. It can be tightly connected to the anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10 by cooperating with the sealing rubber ring. The socket connection method facilitates quick installation and disassembly on site, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the pipeline connection. The reinforcing rib structure 38 is set in the upper middle part of the nozzle, and the surface has a layered distribution structure. The upper and lower edges are rounded, which can effectively improve the overall structural strength of the nozzle and prevent deformation or damage caused by water flow impact or external force during long-term operation. The nozzle has three flow directions: a side outlet 39 is opened on each side of the nozzle, and a bottom outlet 43 is opened at the center of the bottom; the side outlet 39 is aligned with the extension direction of the anti-fog water distribution branch pipe 10, which can realize the directional dispersion of water flow. The water distribution structure 40 is located inside the inlet area and is in the form of a hollow triangular prism. All connecting surfaces are rounded. The two inclined sides of the triangular prism correspond to the side inlets 39 on both sides. A vertically downward through hole is opened at the center of the prism, which corresponds precisely to the bottom inlet 43. This allows for secondary distribution of the fluid entering the nozzle, further improving the dispersion and uniformity of the water flow, and ensuring that the water flow evenly covers the heat exchange area of the lower cavity shell anti-fog packing unit 4.
[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.
Claims
1. A partitioned cavity-shell anti-fogging packed cooling tower with a modular water distribution system, characterized in that: It includes a tower body (1), which is provided with a cavity shell defogging packing unit (4), or is divided into a defogging area (2) and a non-defogging area (3) by a vertically arranged partition (7); The defogging area (2) is provided with a cavity shell defogging packing unit (4), and the non-defogging area (3) is provided with a conventional heat exchange packing unit (9). A dedicated anti-fogging water distribution system (5) is provided above the cavity shell anti-fogging packing unit (4). The cavity shell defogging filling unit (4) includes several filling plates. Adjacent filling plates are horizontally flipped 180° along the long side and then stacked and bonded together. Alternating hot channels (12) and cold channels (13) are formed through the cavities between the filling plates.
2. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fog-reducing water distribution system (5) includes a fog-reducing water inlet main pipe (44), and below the fog-reducing water inlet main pipe (44) are connected fog-reducing water distribution main pipes (36), and below the fog-reducing water distribution main pipes (36) are several connected fog-reducing water distribution branch pipes (10). Each of the anti-fog water distribution branch pipes (10) has several cavity-specific water distribution nozzles (11) arranged in parallel along the axial direction on its lower surface. The extension direction of the several cavity-specific water distribution nozzles (11) on the same anti-fog water distribution branch pipe (10) is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the packing sheets of the cavity-specific anti-fog packing unit (4). The cavity-specific water distribution nozzles (11) extend into the hot channel (12) of the cavity-specific anti-fog packing unit (4).
3. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cavity shell special water distribution nozzle (11) is a low-pressure three-way flow nozzle. The low-pressure three-way flow nozzle includes a nozzle pipe. The top of the nozzle pipe is provided with a quick-connect interface (37), the middle is provided with a reinforcing rib structure (38), and the bottom is provided with a flow outlet and a water flow distribution structure (40).
4. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body (1) is equipped with a conventional water distribution system (6) in the area above the cavity shell anti-fog packing unit (4) and the conventional heat exchange packing unit (9).
5. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When in fog suppression mode, turn on the dedicated fog suppression water distribution system (5) and turn off the regular water distribution system (6). In non-fogging operation mode, shut down the dedicated water distribution system for fogging (5) and turn on the regular water distribution system (6). In the mixed operation mode, the dedicated water distribution system (5) for fog suppression and the conventional water distribution system (6) in the non-fog suppression area (3) are turned on, and the conventional water distribution system (6) in the fog suppression area (2) is turned off.
6. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing sheet includes a sheet body, and a flow guiding and dispersing area (21) is provided on the side wall near the top of the sheet body. Several sets of oblique heat exchange corrugations (29) and vertical heat exchange corrugations (30) are alternately arranged vertically below the flow guiding and dispersing area (21). The extension directions of adjacent sets of oblique heat exchange corrugations (29) are opposite. The opposite side edges of the sheet are respectively provided with a stepped edge sealing structure (22).
7. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ladder edge sealing structure (22) includes ladder structures (34) located on opposite sides of the sheet body, one of the ladder structures (34) is provided with a protruding connecting section (26), and the other ladder structure (34) is provided with a groove connecting section (27) that matches the protruding connecting section (26). The outer inclined bottom of the tiered structure (34) has a sealing edge (28) extending horizontally outward.
8. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical heat exchange corrugation (30) has several supporting protrusions and depressions (31) arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction at the middle position. The supporting protrusions and depressions (31) are located on the crest or trough of the corrugation. The protrusion and depression directions of the supporting protrusions and depressions (31) are alternately arranged along their parallel directions.
9. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical heat exchange corrugation (30) has several vertical reinforcing corrugation structures (32) arranged side by side along its extension direction, and the extension direction of the vertical reinforcing corrugation structure (32) is orthogonal to the extension direction of the vertical heat exchange corrugation (30).
10. The partitioned cavity shell anti-fogging packing cooling tower with a modular water distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oblique heat exchange corrugation (29) has several oblique reinforcing corrugation structures (33) arranged side by side along its extension direction, and the extension direction of the vertical reinforcing corrugation structure (32) is orthogonal to the extension direction of the oblique heat exchange corrugation (29).