An electric machine, suspension assembly, and vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a motor, a suspension assembly, and a vehicle, relating to the field of vehicle technology, and aims to solve the problem of how to avoid the problem of lubricating oil being consumed for a long time without being replaced. The motor includes a first assembly and a second assembly. The first assembly is reciprocating relative to the second assembly in a first direction. A bearing is provided between the first and second assemblies. A fluid reservoir is provided within the first assembly. The first assembly also has an oil passage that connects the fluid reservoir and the bearing so that oil can flow to the bearing through the oil passage. Thus, during the relative movement of the first and second assemblies, the oil passage connects the fluid reservoir and the bearing to deliver the oil in the fluid reservoir to the bearing, allowing the oil to cool and lubricate the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to an electric motor, a suspension assembly, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A vehicle includes a body, wheels, and a suspension assembly connecting the body and wheels. The suspension assembly is used to absorb the impact forces transmitted to the body from uneven road surfaces to ensure a smooth ride. In some suspension assemblies, a motor is also included. The motor is used to adjust the stiffness and damping of the suspension assembly in real time according to the vehicle's motion and road conditions to keep the suspension assembly in an optimal damping state.

[0003] In existing technologies, as motor bearings are used for a long time, the lubricating oil will be gradually consumed, and the problem of lubricating oil replacement and replenishment cannot be solved. At the same time, the service life of the bearings is also a major hidden danger. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a motor, suspension assembly, and vehicle that address the problem of how to prevent lubricating oil from being consumed over a long period without being replaced.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides an electric motor, the electric motor including a first component and a second component, the first component being movable reciprocally relative to the second component in a first direction, a bearing being provided between the first component and the second component, and a liquid storage space being provided within the first component; the first component also includes an oil passage, the oil passage connecting the liquid storage space and the bearing so that oil flows to the bearing through the oil passage.

[0007] In the motor of this embodiment, the motor includes a first component and a second component. The first component is reciprocating relative to the second component along a first direction. A bearing is provided between the first and second components. A fluid storage space is provided within the first component. The first component also includes an oil passage that connects the fluid storage space and the bearing so that oil can flow to the bearing through the oil passage. Thus, during the relative movement of the first and second components, the oil passage connects the fluid storage space and the bearing to deliver the oil in the fluid storage space to the bearing, allowing the oil to cool and lubricate the bearing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second component, an air gap is provided between the first component and the second component, the air gap is in communication with the liquid storage space, and the liquid storage space and the air gap are distributed along the first direction. When the second component moves toward the liquid storage space along the first direction, the air pressure in the liquid storage space increases to drive the oil to flow through the oil passage to the bearing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first component further includes a housing, and the second component at least partially divides the internal space of the housing into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the lower chamber being configured as the liquid storage space;

[0010] The bearing includes a first bearing disposed between the housing and the second component;

[0011] The oil passage includes a first oil passage located inside the housing and connecting the liquid storage space and the first bearing.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first oil passage includes a first oil inlet channel, a first oil guide channel, and a first oil outlet channel. The inlet of the first oil inlet channel is connected to the liquid storage space, the first oil outlet channel is located on the side of the first bearing away from the liquid storage space, and the first oil guide channel is connected to the first oil inlet channel and the first oil outlet channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the housing includes a top wall, a side wall, and a bottom wall, wherein the top wall and the bottom wall are disposed opposite to each other along the first direction and connected to both ends of the side wall;

[0014] The first oil guiding channel is disposed on the side wall along the first direction, and the first oil outlet channel is disposed on the top wall;

[0015] The first oil inlet channel is located on the side wall, and the inlet of the first oil inlet channel penetrates the inner wall surface of the side wall to connect with the liquid storage space;

[0016] Alternatively, the first oil inlet channel is located on the bottom wall, and the entrance of the first oil inlet channel penetrates the inner wall surface of the bottom wall to connect with the liquid storage space.

[0017] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a limiting ring disposed between the top wall and the second component, the limiting ring being located on the side of the first bearing away from the liquid storage space and used to abut against the first bearing.

[0018] In some embodiments, an oil guide groove is further formed between the first bearing and the second component, the oil guide groove connecting the first oil outlet channel and the upper chamber.

[0019] In some embodiments, the top wall is formed with an oil clearance groove, which is connected to the outlet of the first oil outlet channel. The oil clearance groove is formed by the outer annular surface of the top wall that contacts the limiting ring moving away from the second component.

[0020] In some embodiments, an oil guide groove is further formed between the first bearing and the second component, the oil guide groove connecting the clearance oil groove and the internal space of the housing.

[0021] In some embodiments, there are multiple first oil passages, and the multiple first oil passages are arranged circumferentially along the housing.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second component includes a mandrel, a portion of which is housed within the housing, a first bearing sleeved on the mandrel, and an oil guide groove formed between the outer wall surface of the mandrel and the inner wall surface of the first bearing.

[0023] In some embodiments, the second component includes a mandrel, a portion of which is housed within the housing, the first bearing is sleeved on the mandrel, and the mandrel has a guide hole formed thereon.

[0024] The first component further includes a guide rod, which is at least partially inserted into the guide hole and is reciprocating relative to the mandrel in a first direction;

[0025] The bearing also includes a second bearing, which is disposed between the guide rod and the spindle and located within the guide hole;

[0026] The oil passage includes a second oil passage located inside the guide rod and connecting the liquid storage space and the second bearing.

[0027] In some embodiments, the second oil passage includes a second oil inlet channel, a second oil guide channel, and a second oil outlet channel. The inlet of the second oil inlet channel is connected to the liquid storage space, the second oil guide channel is connected to the second oil inlet channel and the second oil outlet channel, and the second oil outlet channel is located on the side of the second bearing away from the liquid storage space.

[0028] In some embodiments, at the first extreme position, the outlet end of the second oil outlet channel is located on the side of the second bearing away from the liquid storage space, and the first extreme position is the position where the first component is far away from the second component along the first direction to the extreme.

[0029] In some embodiments, the air gap connects the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the ratio of the area of ​​the air gap in the first cross section to the area of ​​the lower chamber along the first cross section is 1 / 40 to 1 / 20.

[0030] Wherein, the first cross section is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0031] This application provides a suspension assembly including the motor described in any of the above embodiments.

[0032] This application provides a vehicle including the motor described in any of the above embodiments; or the suspension assembly described in the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a vehicle provided according to some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a suspension assembly provided according to some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an electric motor provided according to some embodiments;

[0037] Figure 4 According to some embodiments provided Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 5 According to some embodiments provided Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of B in the middle.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 100. Vehicles;

[0041] 101. Vehicle body; 102. Wheel; 10. Motor; 1. First component; 11. Liquid storage space; 12. Air gap; 13. Housing; 131. Top wall; 132. Side wall; 133. Bottom wall; 134. Clearance oil groove; 135. Upper chamber; 136. Lower chamber; 14. Guide rod; 2. Second component; 201. Spindle; 2011. Guide hole; 20. Oil passage; 21. First oil passage; 211. First oil inlet channel; 212. First oil guide channel; 213. First oil outlet channel; 22. Second oil passage; 221. Second oil inlet channel; 222. Second oil guide channel; 223. Second oil outlet channel; 30. Bearing; 31. First bearing; 311. Oil guide groove; 32. Second bearing; 200. Suspension assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the above-described orientation can be flexibly set in practical applications, provided that the relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings is satisfied.

[0044] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "communication" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a communication between the internal components of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In embodiments of the invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0047] In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a vehicle 100. The vehicle 100 can be a pure electric vehicle 100, a hybrid electric vehicle 100, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle 100, a range-extended electric vehicle 100, a gasoline-powered vehicle, etc. The vehicle 100 can also be a sedan, truck, bus, lorry, trailer, etc. No specific limitations are made here.

[0049] Vehicle 100 includes a body 101, wheels 102, and a suspension assembly 200 according to an embodiment of this application. Alternatively, vehicle 100 includes a motor 10 according to an embodiment of this application. The suspension assembly 200 is connected between the body 101 and the wheels 102 to cushion the body 101 and improve the comfort of the user driving vehicle 100.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a suspension assembly 200 including the motor 10 of the application embodiment. The motor 10 is at least partially disposed on the vehicle body 101, and the other part of the motor 10 is connected to the wheel 102. During operation, the vehicle 100 typically encounters uneven road surfaces, causing the vehicle 100 to bump and sway. The suspension assembly 200 can cushion the impact on the vehicle 100, thereby improving the stability of the vehicle body 101.

[0051] This application provides a vehicle 100 including a motor 10 according to this application embodiment; or a suspension assembly 200 according to this application embodiment.

[0052] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The present invention provides a motor 10, which includes a first component 1 and a second component 2. The first component 1 can reciprocate relative to the second component 2 in a first direction. A bearing 30 is provided between the first component 1 and the second component 2. A liquid storage space 11 is provided in the first component 1. The first component 1 is also provided with an oil passage 20, which connects the liquid storage space 11 and the bearing 30 so that oil can flow to the bearing 30 through the oil passage 20.

[0053] In the motor 10 of this embodiment, the motor 10 includes a first component 1 and a second component 2. The first component 1 is reciprocating relative to the second component 2 in a first direction. A bearing 30 is provided between the first component 1 and the second component 2. A liquid storage space 11 is provided inside the first component 1. The first component 1 also has an oil passage 20, which connects the liquid storage space 11 and the bearing 30 so that oil can flow to the bearing 30 through the oil passage 20. Thus, during the relative movement of the first component 1 and the second component 2, the oil passage 20 connects the liquid storage space 11 and the bearing 30 to transport the oil in the liquid storage space 11 to the bearing 30, so that the oil can cool and lubricate the bearing 30.

[0054] In the motor 10, suspension assembly 200, and vehicle 100 of this application embodiment, the motor 10 includes a first assembly 1 and a second assembly 2. The first assembly 1 can reciprocate relative to the second assembly 2 along a first direction. One of the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 includes a winding assembly, and the other includes a magnet assembly. Through the cooperation of the winding assembly and the magnet assembly, the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 can perform reciprocating motion within a specified range. During this process, the second assembly 2 can penetrate into the liquid storage space 11 to compress the oil in the liquid storage space 11 and allow it to flow along the oil passage 20, so that the oil can be delivered to the bearing 30. The oil can cool and lubricate the bearing 30, ensuring the stability of the motor 10.

[0055] For example, when the first component 1 is connected to the wheel 102, the second component 2 can be connected to the vehicle body 101 through the suspension component 200. In this case, the first component 1 is a mover component and the second component 2 is a stator component. In one embodiment, the first component 1 may include a winding component and the second component 2 may include a magnet component; in another embodiment, the first component 1 may include a magnet component and the second component 2 may include a winding component.

[0056] In this way, the motor 10 can be connected to the vehicle body 101 through the suspension assembly 200. With the arrangement of the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2, when the vehicle 100 is bumpy and the wheels 102 are impacted and vibrate during driving, the motor 10 can drive the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 to move relative to each other, so as to adjust the distance between the vehicle body 101 and the wheels 102, thereby buffering the vehicle body 101, reducing the vibration of the vehicle body 101, and improving the comfort of the user driving the vehicle 100.

[0057] In this embodiment, the vehicle 100 typically encounters uneven road surfaces during operation, causing it to bump and sway. The suspension assembly 200 can cushion the impact, improving the stability of the vehicle body 101. At this time, the first component 1 of the motor 10 is connected to the vehicle body 101, and the second component 2 is connected to the wheel 102. When the wheel 102 moves vertically relative to the vehicle body 101 over this road section, the motor 10 can drive the first component 1 and the second component 2 to move along a first direction, which is the height direction of the vehicle 100. This allows for active adjustment of the distance between the vehicle body 101 and the wheel 102, thereby cushioning the vehicle body 101, reducing vibration, and improving the comfort of the user driving the vehicle 100.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, for the design of the oil passage 20 size, a corresponding fluid dynamics model can be established, and the optimal structural design can be optimized according to common working conditions.

[0059] In this embodiment, the specific type of motor 10 is not limited to meet different needs. Specifically, in this embodiment, a linear motor 10 is used as an example for explanation. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the specific type of bearing 30 is not limited to meet different needs. For example, it can be a sliding bearing for the linear motor 10, or a ball screw linear motor 10 bearing, etc.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first component 1 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second component 2, and an air gap 12 is provided between the first component 1 and the second component 2. The air gap 12 is connected to the liquid storage space 11, and the liquid storage space 11 and the air gap 12 are distributed along a first direction. When the second component 2 moves toward the liquid storage space 11 along the first direction, the air pressure in the liquid storage space 11 increases to drive the oil to flow through the oil passage 20 to the bearing 30.

[0061] In this way, the air gap 12 can both avoid generating resistance to the relative movement of the first component 1 and the second component 2, and allow the air inside the first component 1 to flow through the air gap 12. At the same time, during the relative movement of the first component 1 and the second component 2, the gas in the liquid storage space 11 will also flow rapidly along the air gap 12, thereby generating a pressure difference that drives the oil to flow in the oil passage 20.

[0062] It can be understood that the first component 1 is fitted around the outer periphery of the second component 2, so that when the second component 2 moves back and forth relative to the first component 1 in the first direction, a pressure difference can be generated. The oil can be drawn in under the action of the pressure difference to achieve the function of timely lubrication of the bearing surface and heat dissipation.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first component 1 further includes a housing 13, and the second component 2 at least partially divides the internal space of the housing 13 into an upper chamber 135 and a lower chamber 136, the lower chamber 136 being configured as a liquid storage space 11.

[0064] For example, in this embodiment, the motor 10 can be a linear motor 10, the bearing 30 can be a thrust bearing, and the oil in the reservoir 11 can be cooling oil, stored at the bottom of the first component 1. That is, the reservoir 11 is located at the bottom of the housing 13 away from the second component 2. At this time, the oil passage 20 is at least partially disposed in the reservoir 11 and connects the reservoir 11 and the bearing 30. During the up-and-down movement of the linear motor 10, due to the rapid change in the volume of the upper and lower air chambers of the motor 10, the narrow air gap 12 cannot immediately balance the air pressure of the upper and lower chambers, thereby squeezing the oil in the reservoir 11 into the oil passage 20.

[0065] It should be noted that in one embodiment, the amount of oil in the reservoir 11 is relatively small, and the second component 2 does not need to directly contact the oil in the reservoir 11; the oil can be squeezed into the oil passage 20 simply by air pressure. Of course, in other embodiments, the amount of oil in the reservoir 11 is relatively large, and the second component 2 needs to directly contact the oil in the reservoir 11 in order to squeeze the oil into the oil passage 20.

[0066] In some embodiments, the bearing 30 includes a first bearing 31 disposed between the housing 13 and the second component 2.

[0067] In some embodiments, the oil passage 20 includes a first oil passage 21, which is located inside the housing 13 and connects the liquid storage space 11 and the first bearing 31.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first oil passage 21 includes a first oil inlet passage 211, a first oil guide passage 212 and a first oil outlet passage 213. The inlet of the first oil inlet passage 211 is connected to the liquid storage space 11. The first oil outlet passage 213 is located on the side of the first bearing 31 away from the liquid storage space 11. The first oil guide passage 212 connects the first oil inlet passage 211 and the first oil outlet passage 213.

[0069] It should be noted that when the liquid storage space 11 is filled with oil, the inlet of the first oil inlet channel 211 is at least partially submerged in the oil to ensure that the oil can pass through the first oil channel 21.

[0070] In some embodiments, the housing 13 includes a top wall 131, a side wall 132, and a bottom wall 133, wherein the top wall 131 and the bottom wall 133 are disposed opposite to each other along a first direction and connected to the two ends of the side wall 132;

[0071] The first oil guide channel 212 is provided on the side wall 132 along the first direction, and the first oil outlet channel 213 is provided on the top wall 131;

[0072] The first oil inlet channel 211 is provided on the side wall 132, and the inlet of the first oil inlet channel 211 penetrates the inner wall surface of the side wall 132 to connect with the liquid storage space 11.

[0073] Alternatively, the first oil inlet channel 211 is located on the bottom wall 133, and the inlet of the first oil inlet channel 211 penetrates the inner wall surface of the bottom wall 133 to connect with the liquid storage space 11.

[0074] Thus, the first oil passage 21 is located inside the housing 13, and without changing the original size of the motor 10, the oil in the reservoir 11 can be directed to the location of the first bearing 31.

[0075] Specifically, the first oil guiding channel 212 is disposed inside the side wall 132 along the first direction, the liquid storage space 11 is located above the bottom wall 133, the first oil inlet channel 211 is located at the lower end of the side wall 132 and the inlet of the first oil inlet channel 211 penetrates through the surface of the side wall 132, and the first oil outlet channel 213 is disposed on the top wall 131. In this way, the first oil inlet channel 211 can be immersed in oil. When the second component 2 moves downward, the oil in the liquid storage space 11 can pass through the first oil inlet channel 211, the first oil guiding channel 212 and the first oil outlet channel 213 in sequence, and then be introduced to the position of the first bearing 31.

[0076] In some embodiments, the motor 10 further includes a limiting ring (not shown in the figure), which is disposed between the top wall 131 and the second component 2. The limiting ring is located on the side of the first bearing 31 away from the liquid storage space 11 and is used to abut against the first bearing 31.

[0077] In some embodiments, the top wall 131 is formed with an oil relief groove 134, which is connected to the outlet of the first oil outlet channel 213. The oil relief groove 134 is formed by the outer annular surface of the top wall 131 that is in contact with the limiting ring moving away from the second component 2.

[0078] In this way, avoiding the oil tank 134 allows the oil flowing out of the first oil outlet channel 213 to smoothly transition to the position of the first bearing 31.

[0079] Specifically, a limiting ring needs to be installed on the side of the first bearing 31 away from the liquid storage space 11. The limiting ring can hold the first bearing 31 in a predetermined position, ensuring the accurate positioning of the first bearing 31 to achieve its function. An oil clearance groove 134 is also provided on the side of the first bearing 31 away from the liquid storage space 11. The oil clearance groove 134 can be formed by an inwardly recessed semi-circular section on the upper part of the housing 13, that is, it is recessed inward from the outer ring surface of the housing 13 that contacts the first bearing 31 and connects to the outlet of the first oil outlet channel 213, thus avoiding the limiting ring to ensure normal oil flow. The limiting ring has gaps or notches that allow oil to pass through. Oil can flow from the oil clearance groove 134 through the limiting ring to the first bearing 31 for cooling and lubrication, and then flow back to the internal space of the housing 13 through the oil guide groove 311.

[0080] In some embodiments, an oil guide groove 311 is formed between the first bearing 31 and the second component 2, and the oil guide groove 311 connects the avoidance oil groove 134 and the upper chamber 135.

[0081] Thus, the oil guide groove 311 is positioned between the first bearing 31 and the second component 2, allowing the oil reaching the first bearing 31 to lubricate the interface between the first bearing 31 and the second component 2 through the oil guide groove 311. Simultaneously, the oil flowing out of the first oil passage 21 can return to the internal space of the housing 13 under its own gravity, and then return to the liquid storage space 11 through the air gap 12, achieving oil self-circulation.

[0082] Specifically, the clearance oil groove 134 can be located on the side of the first bearing 31 away from the liquid storage space 11. To prevent the retaining spring at the upper end of the first bearing 31 from blocking the first oil outlet channel 213, a circumferential arc-shaped clearance oil groove 134 is designed at the outlet of the first oil outlet channel 213, allowing oil to flow out from the oil guide groove 311 of the first bearing 31. The oil can then flow back into the internal space of the housing 13 from the clearance oil groove 134 through the oil guide groove 311.

[0083] In some embodiments, there are multiple first oil passages 21, and the multiple first oil passages 21 are arranged circumferentially along the housing 13.

[0084] Thus, there are multiple first oil inlet channels 211, first oil guide channels 212, and first oil outlet channels 213. Multiple first oil channels 21 can provide oil to the first bearing 31 at multiple points along the circumference, ensuring that the first bearing 31 is adequately lubricated and cooled, and preventing individual positions of the first bearing 31 from being uncooled and unlubricated.

[0085] In some embodiments, the second component 2 includes a spindle 201, a portion of which is housed within the housing 13. A first bearing 31 is sleeved on the spindle 201, and an oil guide groove 311 is formed between the outer wall surface of the spindle 201 and the inner wall surface of the first bearing 31.

[0086] In some embodiments, the second component 2 includes a spindle 201, a portion of which is housed within the housing 13, a first bearing 31 is sleeved on the spindle 201, and the spindle 201 has a guide hole 2011.

[0087] The first component 1 also includes a guide rod 14, which is at least partially inserted in the guide hole 2011 and is reciprocating relative to the spindle 201 in a first direction;

[0088] The bearing 30 also includes a second bearing 32, which is disposed between the guide rod 14 and the spindle 201 and located in the guide hole 2011;

[0089] The oil passage 20 includes a second oil passage 22, which is located inside the guide rod 14 and connects to the liquid storage space 11 and the second bearing 32.

[0090] Specifically, the spindle 201 is slidably inserted into the first bearing 31, and the guide rod 14 and the second bearing 32 are both disposed within the guide hole 2011 and can slide relative to each other along the axial direction of the spindle 201. Thus, when the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 move relative to each other, the spindle 201 can move relative to the housing 13 along a first direction, thereby generating a pressure difference that causes the oil in the liquid storage space 11 to flow through the first oil passage 21 and the second oil passage 22 to the positions of the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32, thereby achieving lubrication and cooling of the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32.

[0091] In the embodiments of this application, the specific type, material, and model of the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32 are not limited to meet different needs. For example, when the motor 10 is a linear motor 10, the material of the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32 is CuSn12 tin bronze.

[0092] In some embodiments, the second oil passage 22 includes a second oil inlet passage 221, a second oil guide passage 222, and a second oil outlet passage 223. The inlet of the second oil inlet passage 221 is connected to the liquid storage space 11, the second oil guide passage 222 is connected to the second oil inlet passage 221 and the second oil outlet passage 223, and the second oil outlet passage 223 is located on the side of the second bearing 32 away from the liquid storage space 11.

[0093] Specifically, the first component 1 of the linear motor 10 proposed in this invention includes a guide rod 14 and a housing 13. The oil passage 20 includes a first oil passage 21 and a second oil passage 22. The first oil passage 21 and the second oil passage 22 can be respectively set at the positions of the guide rod 14 and the housing 13, thereby lubricating and cooling the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32.

[0094] It should be noted that both the housing 13 and the guide rod 14 are circumferentially symmetrical structures. Multiple first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22 can be respectively set in the housing 13 to ensure sufficient oil is introduced into the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32.

[0095] In one embodiment, four first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22 are evenly distributed around the bottom circumference of the housing 13 and guide rod 14, thereby ensuring that the first oil outlet channels 213 and second oil outlet channels 223 can be evenly distributed and discharge oil. The first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32 have an oil outlet point every 90 degrees. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the number of first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22 is not limited to meet different needs. The number of first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22 can be determined according to the actual cooling requirements of the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32; the number of first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22 can also be two, eight, or other quantities.

[0096] In other embodiments, the first oil passage 21 and the second oil passage 22 may not be uniformly circumferentially slotted; the arrangement can be designed based on whether the motor 10 tilts during long-term operation and the rationality of the tilt angle. In such embodiments, areas with more oil after the liquid storage space 11 tilts can have fewer first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22, while areas with less oil after the liquid storage space 11 tilts can have more first oil passages 21 and second oil passages 22, thereby ensuring that the oil obtained by the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32 is relatively uniform. Furthermore, it is necessary to ensure that both the first oil inlet channel 211 and the second oil inlet channel 221 are submerged below the oil surface.

[0097] For example, after the motor 10 of this embodiment is installed on the suspension assembly 200 of the vehicle 100, the axial direction of the motor 10 will have an installation tilt angle of 0-20° with respect to the vertical direction. For example, the installation tilt angle of the axial direction of the motor 10 with respect to the vertical direction can be 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, etc. After the axial direction of the motor 10 is tilted with respect to the vertical direction, the oil level of the reservoir 11 will change due to the uphill, downhill, turning, and sudden stop of the vehicle 100. At this time, it is important to avoid the situation where part of the first oil inlet channel 211 or the second oil inlet channel 221 is not submerged in oil. Therefore, during the circumferential arrangement of the first oil passage 21 and the second oil passage 22, it is necessary to ensure that they match the oil level after the motor 10 is tilted. In one example, when the installation tilt angle between the axial direction and the vertical direction of the motor 10 is 20°, the number of the first oil passage 21 and the second oil passage 22 are both 8. The 8 first oil inlet channels 211 or second oil inlet channels 221 are not uniformly distributed, and it is ensured that the first oil inlet channel 211 or second oil inlet channel 221 is submerged in oil.

[0098] In some embodiments, at the first extreme position, the outlet end of the second oil outlet channel 223 is located on the side of the second bearing 32 away from the liquid storage space 11. The first extreme position is the position where the first component 1 is far away from the second component 2 along the first direction to the extreme.

[0099] Thus, the first extreme position is when the guide rod 14 is pulled away from the guide hole 2011 to the farthest position. At this time, the second oil outlet channel 223 is still located above the first extreme position, which can ensure that the oil flows out from the second oil channel 22 to lubricate and cool the second bearing 32.

[0100] Specifically, when the first component 1 and the second component 2 of the motor 10 move relative to each other, they have a first limit position and a second limit position. The first limit position is when the first component 1 moves away from the second component 2 to a limit along a first direction, and the second limit position is when the first component 1 moves closer to the second component 2 to a limit along the first direction. In this embodiment, regardless of how the second component 2 moves relative to the first component 1, the first oil outlet channel 213 and the second oil outlet channel 223 are both located above the first bearing 31 and the second bearing 32, respectively. Similarly, the first oil inlet channel 211 and the second oil inlet channel 221 are always located below the oil in the reservoir 11.

[0101] For example, the multiple second oil inlet channels 221 at the bottom of the guide rod 14 extend radially inward, and the number of second oil guide channels 222 can be one. The oil from the multiple second oil inlet channels 221 converges at the second oil guide channel 222 at the center of the guide rod 14 and extends upward to the top along the second oil guide channel 222 at the center of the guide rod 14. The second oil outlet channel 223 can also be set at the center of the guide rod 14. Both the second oil outlet channel 223 and the second oil guide channel 222 are set along the first direction, so that the oil can flow out from the center of the bottom surface of the cylindrical guide rod 14 and lubricate and cool the second bearing 32. Then, under the action of gravity, the oil returns to the liquid storage space 11 along the outer wall of the guide rod 14, thereby realizing oil circulation.

[0102] It is understandable that when the first component 1 and the second component 2 of the motor 10 move relative to each other, the second component 2 will not directly contact the oil in the reservoir 11 regardless of its state. In other words, when the second component 2 is in the second limit position, it will not intrude into the reservoir 11, thus avoiding the oil from entering the air gap 12 and causing an increase in the running resistance of the motor 10.

[0103] In some embodiments, the motor 10 further includes a filter screen, which is disposed inside the housing 13 and located at the communication position between the oil passage 20 and the liquid storage space 11.

[0104] Specifically, filter screens are installed at the inlets of the first oil inlet channel 211 and the second oil inlet channel 221. Metal debris on the surface of the filter screen can be attracted by a ring of magnets at the bottom of the housing 13 to prevent blockage at narrow oil passages and to prevent metal debris generated during the operation of the motor 10 from reducing the service life of the bearings due to wear caused by the lubricating oil.

[0105] In some implementations, for the convenience of oil maintenance of the motor 10, an oil change and maintenance drain port and an oil filling port may be provided at the bottom of the lower fork arm and the top of the housing 13.

[0106] In some embodiments, the air gap 12 connects the upper chamber 135 and the lower chamber 136, and the ratio of the area of ​​the air gap 12 in the first cross section to the area of ​​the lower chamber 136 along the first cross section is 1 / 40-1 / 20.

[0107] The first cross section is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0108] For example, the ratio of the area of ​​the air gap 12 in the first cross section to the area of ​​the lower chamber 136 along the first cross section can be 1 / 40, 1 / 39, 1 / 38, 1 / 37, 1 / 36, 1 / 35, 1 / 34, 1 / 33, 1 / 32, 1 / 31, 1 / 30, 1 / 29, 1 / 28, 1 / 27, 1 / 26, 1 / 25, 1 / 24, 1 / 23, 1 / 22, 1 / 21, or 1 / 20.

[0109] Of course, the air gap 12 between the first component 1 and the second component 2 will also vary depending on the model of the motor 10 and the specific configuration, and will not be limited here. In one embodiment, the ratio of the area of ​​the air gap 12 to the area of ​​the first component 1 along the first cross section can be 1 / 30.

[0110] For example, the liquid storage space 11 at the bottom of the motor 10 stores a suitable amount of oil, which can submerge the first oil inlet channel 211 and the second oil inlet channel 221. The oil can be drawn in by the pressure difference when the motor 10 moves up and down to achieve lubricating oil circulation. The specific implementation principle is as follows: when the second component 2 moves downward, the volume of the upper air chamber inside the housing 13 decreases, and the volume of the lower air chamber inside the housing 13 increases. The pressure balance between the upper and lower air chambers is achieved by the air flow in the air gap 12 outside the second component 2 to balance the air pressure of the upper and lower chambers. However, due to the narrow structure of the air gap 12, the flow area of ​​the air gap 12 for air exchange between the upper and lower air chambers is only 1 / 30 of the bottom area. The air flow between the upper and lower air chambers is lagging, and the axial length of the air gap 12 is large, resulting in a large pressure difference. In summary, the downward movement of the motor 10 increases the compressed air pressure in the lower air chamber and decreases the expanded air pressure in the upper air chamber, resulting in a pressure difference between the first oil inlet channel 211 and the first oil outlet channel 213, and between the second oil inlet channel 221 and the second oil outlet channel 223. Under the action of the pressure difference, the oil can flow from bottom to top along the flow channel to lubricate and cool the upper and lower sliding bearings.

[0111] When the second component 2 moves upward, the lower air chamber is subjected to a decrease in expansion pressure, while the upper air chamber is subjected to an increase in compression pressure. There is a negative pressure difference between the first oil inlet channel 211 and the first oil outlet channel 213, and between the second oil inlet channel 221 and the second oil outlet channel 223 in the housing 13. Air from the upper air chamber can flow into the lower air chamber along the oil passage, which can balance the pressure of the upper and lower air chambers to a certain extent.

[0112] It is worth noting that as the speed of the motor 10 increases, the friction and heat generation of the upper and lower sliding bearings of the motor 10 become more intense. At this time, the faster the motor 10 moves, the faster the upper and lower air chambers are compressed or expanded, resulting in a greater pressure difference between the upper and lower air chambers and consequently a greater self-lubricating oil supply. The motor 10 of this embodiment can achieve self-adjusting self-lubrication and cooling effects, and the motor 10 of this embodiment has significant advantages and broad applicability.

[0113] The motor 10 of this application embodiment has a simple structure, requires no external accessories, has high reliability and strong adaptability, can achieve self-lubrication and cooling of lubricating oil under non-powered structure, and can achieve adaptive matching of changing working conditions; compared with traditional grease lubrication, it has better heat dissipation effect and longer service life; compared with the bearing active cooling scheme, the motor 10 of this application embodiment has a simple structure and lower cost.

[0114] In this embodiment, the motor 10 operates vertically, and the pressure difference between the upper and lower air chambers enables lubrication oil supply without power. The lubricating oil can return under gravity. This solution has a simple structure, requires no additional complex mechanical structures, and offers high reliability. It also eliminates the need for disassembly, simplifies lubrication oil replacement, and extends service life.

[0115] In summary, existing self-lubricating bearings rely on excessive solid grease filling. When the solid grease is gradually consumed over time, a spring pushes a push plate, causing the solid grease to move downwards to compensate and maintain lubrication. The present invention utilizes the pressure difference between the upper and lower air chambers created by the up-and-down movement of the motor 10 to supply lubricating oil in a non-powered environment. The lubricating oil can return under gravity. This solution has a simple structure, requires no additional complex mechanical structures, and offers high reliability and adaptability. It enables self-lubrication and cooling of the lubricating oil in a non-powered environment and can adaptively match changing operating conditions. Furthermore, lubricating oil replacement is simple without disassembling the main structure, resulting in a longer service life.

[0116] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0117] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric motor (10), characterized in that, It includes a first component (1) and a second component (2). The first component (1) can reciprocate relative to the second component (2) in a first direction. A bearing (30) is provided between the first component (1) and the second component (2). A liquid storage space (11) is provided inside the first component (1). The first component (1) is further provided with an oil passage (20) that connects the liquid storage space (11) and the bearing (30) so that oil flows through the oil passage (20) to the bearing (30).

2. The motor (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first component (1) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second component (2). An air gap (12) is provided between the first component (1) and the second component (2). The air gap (12) is connected to the liquid storage space (11). The liquid storage space (11) and the air gap (12) are distributed along the first direction. When the second component (2) moves toward the liquid storage space (11) along the first direction, the air pressure in the liquid storage space (11) increases to drive the oil to flow through the oil passage (20) to the bearing (30).

3. The motor (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first component (1) further includes a housing (13), and the second component (2) at least partially divides the internal space of the housing (13) into an upper chamber (135) and a lower chamber (136), the lower chamber (136) being configured as the liquid storage space (11); The bearing (30) includes a first bearing (31) disposed between the housing (13) and the second component (2); The oil passage (20) includes a first oil passage (21), which is located inside the housing (13) and connects the liquid storage space (11) and the first bearing (31).

4. The motor (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first oil passage (21) includes a first oil inlet passage (211), a first oil guide passage (212), and a first oil outlet passage (213). The inlet of the first oil inlet passage (211) is connected to the liquid storage space (11). The first oil outlet passage (213) is located on the side of the first bearing (31) away from the liquid storage space (11). The first oil guide passage (212) connects the first oil inlet passage (211) and the first oil outlet passage (213).

5. The motor (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing (13) includes a top wall (131), a side wall (132) and a bottom wall (133), the top wall (131) and the bottom wall (133) are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction and connected to the two ends of the side wall (132); The first oil guide channel (212) is provided on the side wall (132) along the first direction, and the first oil outlet channel (213) is provided on the top wall (131); The first oil inlet channel (211) is provided on the side wall (132), and the inlet of the first oil inlet channel (211) penetrates the inner wall surface of the side wall (132) to connect to the liquid storage space (11); Alternatively, the first oil inlet channel (211) is located on the bottom wall (133), and the entrance of the first oil inlet channel (211) penetrates the inner wall surface of the bottom wall (133) to connect to the liquid storage space (11).

6. The motor (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The motor (10) also includes a limiting ring, which is disposed between the top wall (131) and the second component (2). The limiting ring is located on the side of the first bearing (31) away from the liquid storage space (11) and is used to abut against the first bearing (31).

7. The motor (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, An oil guide groove (311) is also formed between the first bearing (31) and the second component (2), and the oil guide groove (311) connects the first oil outlet channel (213) and the upper chamber (135).

8. The motor (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top wall (131) is formed with an oil avoidance groove (134), which is connected to the outlet of the first oil outlet channel (213). The oil avoidance groove (134) is formed by the outer annular surface of the top wall (131) in contact with the limiting ring moving away from the second component (2).

9. The motor (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The oil guide groove (311) connects the avoidance oil groove (134) and the internal space of the housing (13).

10. The motor (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are multiple first oil passages (21), and the multiple first oil passages (21) are arranged circumferentially along the housing (13).

11. The motor (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second component (2) includes a spindle (201), a portion of which is housed within the housing (13), and the first bearing (31) is sleeved on the spindle (201). The oil guide groove (311) is formed between the outer wall surface of the spindle (201) and the inner wall surface of the first bearing (31).

12. The motor (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second component (2) includes a spindle (201), a portion of which is housed within the housing (13), and the first bearing (31) is sleeved on the spindle (201). The spindle (201) has a guide hole (2011). The first component (1) further includes a guide rod (14) which is at least partially inserted in the guide hole (2011) and is reciprocating relative to the spindle (201) in a first direction; The bearing (30) further includes a second bearing (32), which is disposed between the guide rod (14) and the spindle (201) and located in the guide hole (2011); The oil passage (20) includes a second oil passage (22), which is located inside the guide rod (14) and connects the liquid storage space (11) and the second bearing (32).

13. The motor (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second oil passage (22) includes a second oil inlet passage (221), a second oil guide passage (222), and a second oil outlet passage (223). The inlet of the second oil inlet passage (221) is connected to the liquid storage space (11). The second oil guide passage (222) connects the second oil inlet passage (221) and the second oil outlet passage (223). The second oil outlet passage (223) is located on the side of the second bearing (32) away from the liquid storage space (11).

14. The motor (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that, At the first extreme position, the outlet end of the second oil outlet channel is located on the side of the second bearing (32) away from the liquid storage space (11). The first extreme position is the position where the first component (1) is far away from the second component (2) along the first direction to the extreme.

15. The motor (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air gap (12) connects the upper chamber (135) and the lower chamber (136), and the ratio of the area of ​​the air gap (12) in the first cross section to the area of ​​the lower chamber (136) along the first cross section is 1 / 40-1 / 20. Wherein, the first cross section is perpendicular to the first direction.

16. A suspension assembly (200), characterized in that, Includes the motor (10) as described in any one of claims 1-15.

17. A vehicle (100), characterized in that, Includes the motor (10) as described in any one of claims 1-15; or the suspension assembly (200) as described in claim 16.

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