A device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from copper smelting

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of recycled copper smelting technology, and specifically discloses a waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting. The device includes a shell, with an inlet pipe connected to one side and an outlet pipe connected to the other side for introducing high-temperature flue gas to complete heat exchange before discharging the flue gas; a heat exchange finned tube bundle is disposed inside the shell for heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas. Through the action of a first guide plate, baffle, and diversion pipe, this invention can regulate the flue gas at the inlet, diverting and regulating it when flue gas fluctuations are large, achieving long-term high efficiency and energy saving. Simultaneously, during the instantaneous discharge of high-temperature dense smoke and dust in recycled copper smelting, the diversion pipe reduces the temperature and concentration of the flue gas entering the heat exchanger, preventing equipment damage and blockage, and avoiding excessively low flue gas temperature that could generate acidic condensate, corrode heat exchange elements, and shorten equipment lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of recycled copper smelting technology, and specifically relates to a device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from recycled copper smelting. Background Technology

[0002] Copper plays a vital role in human industrial production and daily life. With the increasing demand for copper, recycled copper is receiving more and more attention. In the production process of recycled copper smelting, high temperatures and heat from smelting furnaces are often used. A large amount of flue gas is generated during the smelting process. A waste heat recovery device recovers a large amount of heat energy from the high-temperature smelting flue gas of the recycled copper smelting furnace. Heat exchange is carried out through finned heat exchangers to convert the waste heat of the flue gas into usable heat energy. At the same time, the flue gas is purified, achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental compliance.

[0003] In existing technologies, waste heat recovery devices mostly recover waste heat through gas and water. This involves exchanging heat between flue gas and condensate through heat exchange tubes, causing the condensate temperature to rise and the flue gas temperature to fall, thereby achieving the purpose of heat recovery. However, during operation, the drastic temperature fluctuations during the start-up and shutdown of the smelting furnace, as well as the high temperature and high concentration of flue gas, can easily damage the heat exchange components. This makes it inconvenient to perform maintenance without shutting down the furnace, and it is also difficult to stabilize the flue gas flow field and heat exchange efficiency, thus reducing the service life of the waste heat recovery device.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from copper smelting to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from copper smelting, thereby resolving the issues raised in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting includes a shell, with an inlet pipe connected to one side of the shell and an outlet pipe connected to the other side, for introducing high-temperature flue gas to complete heat exchange and then discharging the flue gas. The heat exchange finned tube bundle is located inside the shell and is used for heat exchange of high-temperature flue gas. An adjustment structure is located inside the housing near one end of the intake pipe. The adjustment structure includes: The first guide vane, located inside the casing, is used to guide the flow of high-temperature flue gas; Two limiting blocks are fixedly connected inside the housing, and the bottom of the first guide plate is inserted into the inside of the limiting block; The protective structure, installed on the shell, is used to buffer the impact of hot and cold temperature differences and protect the heat exchanger structure from damage.

[0007] Furthermore, the protective structure includes a drainage pipe, a baffle, and a mounting plate. The drainage pipe is located on the outside of the shell, with one end connected to the air outlet pipe and the other end connected to the shell. A baffle is provided at the end of the drainage pipe near the air inlet pipe, and the bottom of the baffle is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The mounting plate is connected to the inner wall of the shell. The drainage pipe, baffle, and mounting plate are all symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the baffle is located on both sides of the first guide plate, and the upper and lower sides of the first guide plate are in contact with the inner wall of the shell. A through hole is opened in the middle of the baffle, and a groove is opened on the side of the baffle away from the first guide plate. An electric push rod is fixedly connected in the groove. The groove is located outside the through hole. The drainage pipe is set correspondingly to the through hole. The electric push rod is fixedly connected to the sealing block. The sealing block is located outside the drainage pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle, and a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the housing at the top of the rotating rod. A protective block is fixedly connected to the outside of the first motor, and the protective block is fixedly connected to the top of the housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the housing is also provided with a switching structure. The moving structure includes a mounting block, a fixing block, a second guide plate, and a gear transmission structure. The mounting block is fixedly connected to the top of the housing, and a fixing block is provided on the top of the mounting block. The second guide plate is located inside the mounting block. A moving groove is opened on one side of the first guide plate and the second guide plate. A gear transmission structure is provided in the moving groove and inside the housing for switching between the two guide plates.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first and second guide plates include a mounting frame and guide blocks. Multiple guide blocks are provided in the middle of the mounting frame and inside the baffle. Mounting grooves are provided on the top of the guide blocks and on the upper and lower sides of the baffle. A movable structure is provided in the mounting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable structure includes a second motor, a movable rod, a connecting plate, a movable plate, and movable parts. The second motor is fixedly connected to the movable rod, the movable rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, the movable rod is threadedly connected to the movable plate, the movable plate is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove, and movable parts are provided on both sides of the movable plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the second motor, the connecting plate, and the inner wall of the mounting groove are fixedly connected. The moving parts include a push plate and a moving block. One end of the push plate is hinged to the guard plate, and the other end is hinged to the moving block. The moving block is fixedly connected to the guide block. A sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate, and the push plate is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide blocks away from the center of the mounting frame are connected by fixed rods. The guide block located in the middle of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove, while the guide block away from the center of the mounting block is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The tops of the two guide blocks near the edge of the mounting frame are hinged to the push plate.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, through the action of the first guide plate, baffle, and diversion pipe, can regulate the flue gas at the inlet. When the flue gas fluctuates greatly, it can divert and regulate the flow rate, temperature, and flow field, thus avoiding sudden changes in heat exchange. It achieves long-term high efficiency and energy saving. During the instantaneous discharge of high-temperature dense smoke and dust in the smelting of recycled copper, the diversion pipe reduces the temperature and concentration of the flue gas entering the heat exchanger, preventing equipment damage and blockage. It also avoids the generation of acidic condensate due to excessively low flue gas temperature, which can corrode heat exchange elements and shorten equipment life.

[0016] 2. The present invention enables the switching between the first guide plate and the second guide plate through a switching structure. When the first guide plate is worn, damaged or fails, it can automatically switch to the second guide plate for operation without the need for shutdown for maintenance and replacement. This effectively improves the continuity of device operation and adaptability to operating conditions, and ensures stable and efficient waste heat exchange. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the housing, air inlet pipe, and air outlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the drainage tube, baffle, and sealing block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the movable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the second guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Smelting furnace; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Outlet pipe; 5. Heat exchange finned tube bundle; 6. First guide plate; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Baffle; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Through hole; 11. Electric push rod; 12. Sealing block; 13. Rotating rod; 14. First motor; 15. Protective block; 16. Mounting block; 17. Fixing block; 18. Second guide plate; 19. First rack; 20. Second rack; 21. Movable rod; 22. Guide block; 23. Second motor; 24. Connecting plate; 25. Movable plate; 26. Push plate; 27. Moving block; 28. Fixing rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0020] This invention provides a device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from copper smelting, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the device includes a shell 1, an inlet pipe 3, an outlet pipe 4, a heat exchange finned tube bundle 5, and an adjustment structure. The inlet pipe 3 is connected to one side of the shell 1, and the outlet pipe 4 is connected to the other side. This is used to introduce high-temperature flue gas to complete heat exchange and then discharge the flue gas. The shell 1 is made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant alloy material, which is suitable for the harsh working conditions of recycled copper smelting flue gas (high temperature, copper dust, acidic components). The heat exchange finned tube bundle 5 is located inside the shell 1 and consists of multiple sets of fins and heat exchange tubes. It adopts a high-frequency welding process, and the fins and heat exchange tubes are tightly attached to each other, increasing the heat exchange area for heat exchange of high-temperature flue gas. The adjustment structure is located inside the housing 1 near the inlet pipe 3. The adjustment structure includes a first guide plate 6, two limiting blocks, and a protective structure. The first guide plate 6 is located inside the housing 1 and is used to guide the flow of high-temperature flue gas. The two limiting blocks are fixedly connected inside the housing 1. The bottom of the first guide plate 6 is inserted into the inside of the limiting blocks to ensure that the first guide plate 6 does not shift or shake under the conditions of high-temperature flue gas scouring and thermal expansion and contraction, thus ensuring stable flow guidance. The protective structure is located on the housing 1 and is used to buffer the impact of thermal temperature difference and protect the heat exchanger structure from damage.

[0021] The first guide plate 6 is installed inside the shell 1, located between the outlet of the inlet pipe 3 and the heat exchange finned tube bundle 5, and is limited by a limiting block. It employs a high-temperature resistant, dust-proof structure to guide the high-temperature flue gas entering from the inlet pipe 3, ensuring its smooth diffusion and uniform distribution. This allows the flue gas to comprehensively and evenly scour the heat exchange finned tube bundle 5, improving heat exchange efficiency and reducing scouring and wear caused by direct impact of flue gas on the fins. After adjustment, the uniform flue gas flows through the heat exchange finned tube bundle 5 inside the shell 1. At this point, the flue gas exchanges heat with the medium (water, heat transfer oil, etc.) inside the heat exchange tubes. The high-temperature flue gas transfers a large amount of its own waste heat to the medium inside the heat exchange tubes, causing the medium to absorb heat and its temperature to rise. Conversely, the flue gas releases heat, causing its temperature to drop significantly. Dust particles, due to the temperature drop, partially settle or adhere to the fin surface (which can be subsequently treated by a dust removal structure), completing the waste heat recovery process.

[0022] When the smelting furnace 2 is started or stopped, or when the flue gas temperature rises or falls sharply, the protective structure can absorb the thermal expansion and contraction deformation of the shell 1, the guide plate, and the finned tube bundle, and avoid problems such as weld cracking, shell 1 deformation, and flange smoke leakage caused by excessive thermal stress. This protects the overall structure of the heat exchanger from damage and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0023] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, the protective structure includes a drainage pipe 7, a baffle 8, and a mounting plate 9. The drainage pipe 7 is located on the outside of the housing 1. One end of the drainage pipe 7 is connected to the air outlet pipe 4, and the other end is connected to the housing 1. A baffle 8 is provided at the end of the drainage pipe 7 near the air inlet pipe 3. The bottom of the baffle 8 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 9, which is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The drainage pipe 7, baffle 8, and mounting plate 9 are all symmetrically arranged about the center of the housing 1. The baffle 8 is located on both sides of the first guide plate 6, and the upper and lower sides of the first guide plate 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1. A through hole 10 is provided in the middle of the baffle 8. The baffle 8 is far away from the first guide plate 4. A guide plate 6 has a groove on one side, and an electric push rod 11 is fixedly connected in the groove for mounting the electric push rod 11. The groove is located outside the through hole 10. The diversion pipe 7 is correspondingly set with the through hole 10 to allow the low-temperature flue gas diverted by the diversion pipe 7 to pass through and enter the interior of the housing 1 to mix with the high-temperature flue gas. The electric push rod 11 is fixedly connected to the sealing block 12. The electric push rod 11 drives the sealing block 12 to move, thereby adjusting the sealing and opening of the diversion pipe 7, and controlling the flue gas flow rate of the diversion pipe 7 to adapt to the temperature difference buffering requirements under different working conditions. The sealing block 12 is located outside the diversion pipe 7. A rotating rod 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 8. The top of the rotating rod 13 extends to the top of the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the first motor 14. A protective block 15 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first motor 14 and is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1.

[0024] The diversion pipe 7 is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant material. It can divert some of the low-temperature flue gas (which has completed heat exchange, has a low temperature, and is operating stably) inside the outlet pipe 4 to the end of the shell 1 near the inlet pipe 3. The low-temperature flue gas is used to initially mix with the high-temperature flue gas introduced by the inlet pipe 3, which alleviates the sudden cooling and heating shock of the high-temperature flue gas. At the same time, it helps to regulate the flue gas temperature inside the shell 1 and avoid component deformation caused by excessively high or low local temperatures. The baffle 8 separates the high-temperature flue gas introduced by the inlet pipe 3 from the low-temperature flue gas introduced by the diversion pipe 7, so that the two are mixed smoothly in a preset area and avoid collision and turbulence. At the same time, it helps the first guide plate 6 to optimize the flow field and prevent flue gas deflection.

[0025] The electric push rod 11 pushes the sealing block 12 to fit against the outlet of the drainage pipe 7, sealing the drainage pipe 7. When it is not necessary to drain low-temperature flue gas for temperature difference buffering, this prevents high-temperature flue gas from entering the outlet pipe 4 in reverse through the drainage pipe 7, or cold air from entering the housing 1. When temperature difference buffering is required, the electric push rod 11 pulls the sealing block 12 away from the outlet of the drainage pipe 7, opening the drainage channel and allowing low-temperature flue gas to smoothly enter the interior of the housing 1 through the through hole 10. When there is a fault inside the housing 1 or abnormal pressure fluctuations, the first motor 14 drives the rotating rod 13 and the baffle 8 to rotate, causing the baffle 8 to rotate along the top of the installation. This causes the baffle 8 to move the sealing block 12 away from the drainage pipe 7, fully opening the drainage pipe 7, allowing for maintenance and replacement of the interior of the housing 1.

[0026] like Figures 7 to 8As shown, the housing 1 is also provided with a switching structure. The moving structure includes a mounting block 16, a fixing block 17, a second guide plate 18, and a gear transmission structure. The mounting block 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1. The second guide plate 18 provides installation and moving guidance support. The fixing block 17 is provided on the top of the mounting block 16. The fixing block 17 is magnetically attracted to the top of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18 by a magnetic block. The second guide plate 18 is located inside the mounting block 16. Two movable ports are opened inside the housing 1. The first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18 are respectively provided with the two movable ports. The second guide plate 18 is inserted into the limiting block on one side of the first guide plate 6. A moving groove is opened on one side of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18. A gear transmission structure is provided in the moving groove and inside the housing 1 for switching between the two guide plates.

[0027] The gear transmission structure includes a first rack 19, a second rack 20, a gear, a fixed shaft, and a third motor. The first rack 19 and the second rack 20 are fixedly connected in the moving slots of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18, respectively. The first rack 19 and the second rack 20 mesh with a gear. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the gear. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the third motor. The third motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18 are both movably connected to the mounting block 16 and the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0028] Both the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18 are movably connected to the mounting block 16 and the inner wall of the housing 1. The mounting block 16 provides a moving guide for the second guide plate 18, and the inner wall of the housing 1 provides lateral limiting for the two guide plates, ensuring that they remain in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1 vertically during the switching process and preventing flue gas leakage. The two guide plates correspond to the two movable ports of the housing 1, and the size of the movable ports matches the guide plates, which not only ensures that the guide plates can move flexibly but also prevents flue gas from leaking from the movable ports. At the same time, in cooperation with the limiting block, it ensures that the guide plates are firmly fixed after switching, ensuring the guiding effect.

[0029] When the device is operating normally and the recycled copper smelting conditions are stable, the first guide plate 6 is in the extended state, with its bottom inserted and fixed to the limiting block, and its upper and lower parts are attached to the inner wall of the shell 1. Corresponding to one of the movable ports on the shell 1, it guides the high-temperature flue gas introduced by the air inlet pipe 3 to diffuse evenly and flow to the heat exchange finned tube bundle 5, optimizing the flow field, blocking dust, and working with the protective structure to complete the temperature difference buffering and ensure the waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0030] When the first guide plate 6 becomes worn, damaged, or clogged with ash, and cannot properly guide the flue gas or when the concentration and flow rate of the recycled copper smelting flue gas change drastically, it is necessary to switch the guide plate to adapt to the working conditions. Start the third motor, which drives the fixed shaft to rotate. The fixed shaft drives the gear to rotate synchronously, causing the first rack 19 to move along the moving groove of the first guide plate 6 and retract the first guide plate 6 away from the limiting block and towards the mounting block 16. It gradually disengages from the slot of the limiting block, exits the flue gas guiding area, and moves into the mounting block 16, so that the top of the first guide plate 6 is magnetically attracted to the magnetic block of the fixed block 17. At the same time, the second rack 20 moves along the moving groove of the second guide plate 18 and extends the second guide plate 18 towards the limiting block and away from the mounting block 16. The second guide plate 18 separates from the magnetic block of the fixed plate and is no longer magnetically attracted, so that it is inserted and fixed to the limiting block. At the same time, the second guide plate 18 is in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1. After the switch is completed, the second guide plate 18 replaces the first guide plate 6 and is fully engaged in flue gas guiding. It guides the high-temperature flue gas introduced by the intake pipe 3 to diffuse evenly, optimizes the flow field, blocks large copper dust particles, and, together with the protective structure, buffers the impact of hot and cold temperature differences, ensuring that the flue gas flows smoothly to the heat exchange finned tube bundle 5 and ensuring that the waste heat recovery work is carried out normally.

[0031] At this time, the first guide plate 6 is in a retracted state, which can be used for subsequent maintenance, cleaning and replacement without stopping the machine (if replacement is required, the maintenance quick-opening door can be opened and the first guide plate 6 can be pulled out for maintenance during the operation of the second guide plate 18), ensuring the continuous operation of the recycled copper smelting production line and improving the adaptability and operational continuity of the equipment.

[0032] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, both the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 18 include a mounting frame and guide blocks 22. Multiple guide blocks 22 are equidistantly distributed within the middle of the mounting frame and within the baffle 8. Mounting grooves are provided on the top of the guide blocks 22 and on the upper and lower sides of the baffle 8. A movable structure is installed within the mounting groove. The movable structure includes a second motor 23, a movable rod 21, a connecting plate 24, a movable plate 25, and moving parts. The second motor 23 is fixedly connected to the movable rod 21, which is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 24. The movable rod 21 is threadedly connected to the movable plate 25, which is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. Moving parts are provided on both sides of the movable plate 25. The second motor 23 and the connecting plate 24 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The moving parts include a push plate 26 and a moving block 27. One end of the push plate 26 is hinged to the baffle 8, and the other end is hinged to the moving block 27. The moving block 27 is fixedly connected to the guide block 22. A sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate 24, and the push plate 26 is slidably connected to the sliding groove. There are four guide blocks 22 in the mounting groove inside the baffle 8. The moving structure is located on the upper and lower sides of the guide block 22, and the moving structure is connected to two guide blocks 22 respectively to adjust the distance between the guide blocks 22 and adjust the flue gas velocity.

[0033] The second motor 23 starts and drives the movable rod 21 to rotate. Since the movable plate 25 is threadedly connected to the movable rod 21, the rotation of the movable rod 21 will drive the movable plate 25 to move up and down in a straight line. The displacement of the movable plate 25 will cause the push plates 26 on both sides to swing. The push plates 26 slide and limit in the groove of the connecting plate 24, and at the same time push and pull the moving block 27, so that the moving block 27 drives the corresponding guide block 22. The distance between adjacent guide blocks 22 is changed and adjusted synchronously within the installation frame. Multiple guide blocks 22 are adjusted synchronously and in linkage, which changes the width and direction of the flue gas channel as a whole. When the distance is reduced, the flue gas channel becomes narrower and the flue gas velocity increases. When the distance is increased, the flue gas channel becomes wider and the flue gas velocity decreases. It can automatically and adaptively adjust according to the start-up and shutdown of the smelting furnace 2, high temperature and high dust, and temperature difference fluctuations, buffering cold and heat stress, avoiding cracking of the weld seam of the shell 1 and fin blockage, and ensuring long-term efficient and stable operation of waste heat recovery.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, the guide blocks 22 away from the center of the mounting frame are all connected by a fixing rod 28. The guide block 22 located in the middle of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The guide block 22 away from the center of the mounting block 16 is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The tops of the two guide blocks 22 near the edge of the mounting frame are hinged to the push plate 26.

[0035] When the second motor 23 drives the movable rod 21 to rotate, the movable plate 25 moves up and down, causing the push plate 26 on the top of the edge guide block 22 to pull the edge movable guide block 22 to rotate around the hinge point. At the same time, the fixed rod 28 drives all the connected guide blocks 22 on the outside to move synchronously. The guide block 22 in the middle of the mounting frame is fixed and limited, and does not change displacement, ensuring the stability of the flue gas center guide reference and preventing overall displacement and flow field disturbance. The guide blocks 22 on both sides away from the center are connected to each other through the fixed rod 28. When force is applied, the spacing changes synchronously, preventing misalignment or jamming of individual guide blocks 22. Increasing the spacing of the guide blocks 22 widens the flue gas channel, reduces the flue gas velocity, and buffers the impact of high temperature difference. When they are pulled inward to reduce the spacing of the guide blocks 22, the flue gas channel narrows, increases the flue gas velocity, and improves heat exchange uniformity.

[0036] Working principle of this invention: Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, when smelting recycled copper, the raw materials of mixed copper are first sorted and packaged, and then fed into the furnace with prefabricated special oxygen blowing pipes, quartz sand, fuel and oxygen to smelt and refine, producing molten copper anodes. At the same time, smelting generates solid waste such as slag and copper mud, as well as furnace and flue gas. The flue gas is uniformly connected to the flue gas treatment system for treatment.

[0037] When the exhaust gas from the smelting furnace 2 is conveyed into the shell 1 through the inlet pipe 3, the inlet pipe 3 can initially slow down the flue gas flow rate. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the shell 1, the second motor 23 inside the starter baffle 8 and the first guide plate 6 drives the movable rod 21 to rotate. The movable plate 25 moves up and down, driving the push plate 26 at the top of the edge guide block 22 to pull the edge movable guide block 22 to rotate around the hinge point. At the same time, the fixed rod 28 drives all the connected guide blocks 22 on the outside to move synchronously, so that the flue gas flow rate is adjusted after the spacing of the guide blocks 22 is adjusted. After being regulated and homogenized, the flue gas flows through the heat exchange finned tube bundle 5 inside the shell 1. At this time, the flue gas exchanges heat with the medium inside the heat exchange tube. The high-temperature flue gas transfers a large amount of waste heat it carries to the medium inside the heat exchange tube, and the medium's temperature rises after absorbing heat. After the flue gas releases heat, its temperature drops significantly. Due to the temperature drop, some dust particles settle or adhere to the fin surface (which can be treated by the dust removal structure later), completing the waste heat recovery process. After recovery, the flue gas undergoes denitrification, flue gas cooling and activation, dust removal, and desulfurization treatments before being discharged after meeting the standards.

[0038] When the first guide plate 6 is worn, damaged, or clogged with ash, and cannot properly guide the flue gas or when the concentration and flow rate of the recycled copper smelting flue gas change drastically, the third motor is started. The third motor drives the fixed shaft to rotate, and the fixed shaft drives the gear to rotate synchronously. This causes the first rack 19 to move along the moving groove of the first guide plate 6, moving the first guide plate 6 away from the limiting block and closer to the mounting block 16. The first guide plate 6 gradually disengages from the slot of the limiting block, exits the flue gas guiding area, and moves into the mounting block 16. At the same time, the top of the first guide plate 6 is magnetically attracted to the magnetic block of the fixed block 17. Simultaneously, the second rack 20 moves along the moving groove of the second guide plate 18, moving the second guide plate 18 towards the limiting block and away from the mounting block 16. The second guide plate 18 separates from the magnetic block of the fixed plate and is no longer magnetically attracted, allowing it to be inserted and fixed to the limiting block. At the same time, the second guide plate 18 is in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1 from top to bottom. After the switch is completed, the second guide plate 18 guides the high-temperature flue gas introduced by the intake pipe 3 to diffuse evenly, optimize the flow field, block large copper dust particles, and, together with the protective structure, buffer the impact of cold and hot temperature differences, ensuring that the flue gas flows smoothly to the heat exchange fin tube bundle 5, and ensuring that the waste heat recovery work is carried out normally.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A device for recovering and utilizing waste heat from recycled copper smelting, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has an air inlet pipe (3) connected to one side and an air outlet pipe (4) connected to the other side, which is used to introduce high-temperature flue gas to complete heat exchange and then discharge the flue gas. The heat exchange finned tube bundle (5) is set inside the shell (1) for heat exchange of high-temperature flue gas; An adjustment structure is disposed inside the housing (1) near one end of the intake pipe (3), the adjustment structure comprising: The first guide plate (6) is set inside the shell (1) to guide the flow of high-temperature flue gas; Two limiting blocks are fixedly connected inside the housing (1), and the bottom of the first guide plate (6) is inserted into the inside of the limiting blocks; The protective structure is installed on the shell (1) to buffer the impact of cold and hot temperature differences and protect the heat exchanger structure from damage.

2. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective structure includes a drain pipe (7), a baffle (8) and a mounting plate (9). The drain pipe (7) is located on the outside of the housing (1). One end of the drain pipe (7) is connected to the air outlet pipe (4) and the other end is connected to the housing (1). A baffle (8) is provided at the end of the drain pipe (7) near the air inlet pipe (3). The bottom of the baffle (8) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (9). The mounting plate (9) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (1). The drain pipe (7), the baffle (8) and the mounting plate (9) are all symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the housing (1).

3. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle (8) is located on both sides of the first guide plate (6), and the upper and lower sides of the first guide plate (6) are in contact with the inner wall of the shell (1). A through hole (10) is provided in the middle of the baffle (8). A groove is provided on the side of the baffle (8) away from the first guide plate (6). An electric push rod (11) is fixedly connected in the groove. The groove is located outside the through hole (10). The drainage pipe (7) is set corresponding to the through hole (10). The electric push rod (11) is fixedly connected to the sealing block (12). The sealing block (12) is located outside the drainage pipe (7).

4. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating rod (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle (8). The top of the rotating rod (13) extends to the top of the housing (1) and is fixedly connected to a first motor (14). A protective block (15) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first motor (14). The protective block (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (1).

5. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing (1) is also provided with a switching structure. The moving structure includes a mounting block (16), a fixing block (17), a second guide plate (18), and a gear transmission structure. The mounting block (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (1). The mounting block (17) is provided on the top of the mounting block (16). The second guide plate (22) is provided inside the mounting block (16). A moving groove is provided on one side of the first guide plate (6) and the second guide plate (18). A gear transmission structure is provided in the moving groove and inside the housing (1) for switching between the two guide plates.

6. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the first guide plate (6) and the second guide plate (18) include a mounting frame and a guide block (22). The middle of the mounting frame and the baffle (8) are provided with a plurality of guide blocks (22) distributed at equal intervals. The top of the guide block (22) and the upper and lower sides of the baffle (8) are provided with mounting grooves, and a movable structure is provided in the mounting groove.

7. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving structure includes a second motor (23), a movable rod (21), a connecting plate (24), a movable plate (25), and moving parts. The second motor (23) is fixedly connected to the movable rod (21). The movable rod (21) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (24). The movable rod (21) is threadedly connected to the movable plate (25). The movable plate (25) is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. Moving parts are provided on both sides of the movable plate (25).

8. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second motor (23), the connecting plate (24) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The moving part includes a push plate (26) and a moving block (27). One end of the push plate (26) is hinged to the guard plate (8), and the other end is hinged to the moving block (27). The moving block (27) is fixedly connected to the guide block (22). A sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate (24), and the push plate (26) is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

9. The waste heat recovery and utilization device for recycled copper smelting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide blocks (22) of the mounting frame away from the center are all connected by a fixing rod (28). The guide block (22) located in the middle of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The guide block (22) away from the center of the mounting block (16) is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The tops of the two guide blocks (22) near the edge of the mounting frame are hinged to the push plate (26).

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