A ball bearing quality detection device

Abstract

This invention discloses a ball bearing quality inspection device, relating to the field of automated ball bearing production technology. It includes a frame on which a multi-guide-column vertical storage mechanism is mounted. Below the storage mechanism is a transfer mechanism for transporting ball bearings. On one side of the transfer mechanism are a hardness detection component, a height detection component, and an outer diameter detection component. The storage mechanism employs a heavy-duty divider with multi-bar linkages for buffering loading and unloading. The storage mechanism includes an inner ring storage chamber and an outer ring storage chamber. This invention integrates multi-dimensional detection functions of hardness, height, and outer diameter through the coordinated operation of the storage mechanism, hardness detection component, height detection component, and outer diameter detection component. It is compatible with the testing requirements of ball bearings of different specifications, reduces equipment switching costs, and meets the needs of flexible production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automated ball bearing production technology, and specifically relates to a ball bearing quality inspection device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automated production and assembly of ball bearings, the hardness of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, as well as key quality indicators such as the inner diameter, outer diameter, and end height, directly affect the service life, operating accuracy, and reliability of the bearing. Currently, the quality inspection of the inner and outer rings of ball bearings usually adopts a single measurement method, either contact or non-contact. In the contact method, the measuring claws open or retract under the drive of a cylinder, contacting the inner diameter of the bearing's inner ring or the outer diameter of the outer ring. The displacement sensor captures the opening and retraction of the measuring claws, and then converts the displacement into a digital signal, which is then used to calculate the accurate value of the inner or outer diameter. Non-contact measurement uses a laser emitter to emit a laser beam that illuminates the surface of a workpiece, and a receiver to receive the reflected light. The distance from the workpiece surface to the sensor is calculated using time-of-flight or triangulation methods, thereby obtaining the measured dimensions. However, since most of the above-mentioned testing equipment is single-function testing and does not integrate multi-dimensional testing of hardness, size and appearance, and the switching cost of different specifications of bearings is high, it cannot meet the needs of flexible production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ball bearing quality inspection device that integrates multi-dimensional inspection functions such as hardness, height, and outer diameter, is compatible with the inspection requirements of ball bearings of different specifications, reduces equipment switching costs, meets the requirements of flexible production, and solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A ball bearing quality inspection device includes a frame, on which a storage mechanism with a multi-guide column vertical structure is installed. Below the storage mechanism is a transmission mechanism for transmitting ball bearings. A hardness detection component, a height detection component, and an outer diameter detection component are respectively arranged on one side of the transmission mechanism. The material storage mechanism adopts a heavy-duty divider multi-bar type for buffer loading and unloading. The material storage mechanism includes an inner ring material storage tank and an outer ring material storage tank. The inner ring material storage tank and the outer ring material storage tank are respectively equipped with a transmission mechanism, a hardness detection component, a height detection component and an outer diameter detection component. The hardness detection component performs online detection of the hardness of the inner and outer rings using eddy current hardness sorting and automatically rejects NG parts; The height detection component uses a cross spring-type measuring mechanism to detect the height of the ball bearing. The outer diameter detection component uses an elastic measuring frame structure to detect the outer diameter of the outer or inner ring, and automatically and periodically calibrates according to preset end height and inner / outer diameter parameters.

[0005] Preferably, both the inner and outer ring storage bins include a base plate and a support plate. A turntable is rotatably mounted on the base plate, and multiple sets of storage components are installed in a circular array at the edge of the upper surface of the turntable. The upper ends of the multiple sets of storage components are fixed to the support plate, and the support plate has mounting holes for installing the storage components. The support plate and the turntable are connected by a connecting rod. The turntable has a discharge hole for the workpieces in the storage components to fall. A rotary motor for driving the turntable to rotate intermittently is installed at the lower end of the turntable, and a pushing mechanism for pushing the workpieces onto the base plate is installed at one of the discharge holes.

[0006] Preferably, each of the storage components includes a fixed plate, the fixed plate has a feeding hole at its center, and a plurality of guide posts arranged in a circular array are installed on the lower surface edge of the fixed plate. The lower ends of the plurality of guide posts are fixed to the upper surface of the turntable, and the feeding hole and the feeding hole are coaxially arranged.

[0007] Preferably, the hardness testing assembly includes a bracket fixed to the upper surface of the frame and support columns located on both sides of the bracket. A second cylinder is mounted on the bracket, and a mounting block is fixed to the piston rod end of the second cylinder. A first tray for supporting workpiece is fixed on the mounting block. A storage plate for placing standard parts is fixed on the bracket located at the other end of the second cylinder. A hardness coil is fixed on the support columns, and a second tray is mounted on one side of the hardness coil. Both the storage plate and the first tray are located between the hardness coil and the bracket.

[0008] Preferably, the height detection component includes a support frame mounted on a frame. A first mounting base is fixed to the upper end of the support frame. A contact displacement sensor and a second fixed base are mounted on the first mounting base. A first fixed base is fixed to one side of the support frame. The upper ends of the first and second fixed bases are connected and fixed by a connecting piece. A contact plate is slidably connected between the first and second fixed bases. The upper surface of the contact plate is connected to the connecting piece by a compression spring. Displacement plates are fixed to both ends of the contact plate. Sliding holes for sliding of the displacement plates are provided on the first and second fixed bases. The probe of the contact displacement sensor contacts one of the displacement plates. When not performing detection work, the lower surface of the contact plate is flush with the lower surfaces of the first and second fixed bases. A cylinder seat is fixed to the lower end of the support frame. A lifting cylinder is mounted on the cylinder seat. A push plate for pushing the ball bearing to be tested to rise or fall is fixed to the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the outer diameter detection assembly includes a vertical plate mounted on a frame. A support mechanism for supporting the ball bearing to be tested is mounted at the lower end of the vertical plate. A top plate is fixed to the upper end of the vertical plate, and a locking block is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate. A swing plate is connected to the locking block via an X-shaped spring. A mounting plate is fixed to one side of the lower end of the swing plate. Both ends of the mounting plate are connected to the side wall of the vertical plate via reset mechanisms. A first limiting block and a second limiting block are provided between the two reset mechanisms. The first limiting block is fixed to the side wall of the vertical plate, and the second limiting block is fixed to the other side of the lower end of the swing plate. A measuring pen is mounted on the mounting plate. A pushing mechanism for pushing the swing plate to swing is mounted at the upper end of the swing plate. A calibration mechanism for providing standard parts for automatic periodic calibration is mounted below the pushing mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a second pushing cylinder and a second extension rod fixed to the vertical plate. The second extension rod is located below the second pushing cylinder. The piston rod end of the second pushing cylinder is fixed with the first extension rod. The swing plate is screwed with a first stud and a second stud. The nut end of the first stud abuts against the end of the first extension rod. The nut end of the second stud abuts against the end of the second extension rod when the swing plate is not swinging. The length of the first stud located between the swing plate and the vertical plate is shorter than the length of the second stud.

[0011] Preferably, the reset mechanism includes a fixing rod fixed to one side of the vertical plate and a third stud threaded onto the mounting plate, wherein the third stud and the fixing rod are connected by a reset spring.

[0012] Preferably, the calibration mechanism includes a support plate fixed to the other side of the lower end of the vertical plate, a calibration cylinder is mounted on the support plate, an L-shaped plate is fixed to the piston rod end of the calibration cylinder, a placement groove for placing standard parts is opened on the L-shaped plate located at the placement groove, a clearance hole for the support platform to pass through is opened on the vertical plate, and a through hole for the L-shaped plate to pass through the vertical plate is opened on the vertical plate.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a belt conveyor, a flat pushing mechanism, and an NG rejection unit. The belt conveyor is mounted on the frame via a gantry and is located below the storage mechanism. The flat pushing mechanism is installed at one end of the belt conveyor, and the NG rejection unit is installed on one side of the flat pushing mechanism.

[0014] The ball bearing quality testing device proposed in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention integrates multi-dimensional detection functions of hardness, height and outer diameter through the coordinated operation of the material storage mechanism, hardness detection component, height detection component and outer diameter detection component. It can be compatible with the detection requirements of ball bearings of different specifications, reduce equipment switching costs and meet the requirements of flexible production. 2. This invention utilizes a multi-guide column vertical structure storage mechanism and a multi-station rod-type buffer storage to achieve stable buffering and flexible switching of supply for large batches of workpieces, eliminating material jamming problems and improving the continuity and efficiency of the production line. 3. This invention, through the cooperation of an elastic measuring frame, ensures high precision and high repeatability in the detection of dimensions such as end height, inner diameter, and outer diameter of ball bearings. Eddy current hardness sorting realizes online non-destructive testing of hardness, and the test results are stable and reliable. Through online real-time detection and automatic sorting, it effectively avoids defective products from flowing into subsequent processes, improves the overall quality of ball bearings, and reduces production costs and rework rates. 4. This invention automates the entire process from material feeding and testing to sorting, reducing manual intervention and human error, and improving the accuracy of testing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the inner ring storage silo of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material storage component structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardness testing component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the height detection component of the present invention when it is not detected; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the height detection component of the present invention during detection; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the outer diameter detection component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the load-bearing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the outer diameter detection component of the present invention during its swinging state. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the calibration mechanism and outer diameter detection component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring pen mounting structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Outer ring storage silo; 2. Inner ring storage silo; 21. Base plate; 22. Turntable; 23. Storage component; 231. Fixing plate; 232. Guide column; 24. Support plate; 25. Pushing mechanism; 251. First cylinder; 252. First fixing block; 253. Pushing block; 26. Rotary motor; 3. Transmission mechanism; 31. Belt conveyor; 32. Horizontal pushing mechanism; 4. Hardness testing component; 41. Support; 42. Second cylinder; 4 3. Mounting block; 44. First support plate; 45. Hardness coil; 46. Second support plate; 47. Support column; 48. Silo plate; 5. Height detection assembly; 51. Support frame; 52. First mounting base; 53. Contact displacement sensor; 54. Connecting piece; 55. First fixed base; 56. Second fixed base; 57. Contact plate; 58. Compression spring; 59. Push plate; 510. Lifting cylinder; 511. Cylinder seat; 512. Displacement plate; 6. Outer diameter detection assembly; 61. Vertical plate; 62. Top plate; 63. Bearing mechanism; 631. Bearing platform; 632. Fourth cylinder; 633. Mounting platform; 634. Limiting protrusion; 64. Calibration mechanism; 641. Bearing plate; 642. Calibration cylinder; 643. L-shaped plate; 644. Placement slot; 645. Clearance hole; 646. Through hole; 65. Reset mechanism; 651. Third stud; 652. Reset spring; 653. Fixing rod; 66. 67. Locking block; 68. X-shaped spring; 69. Swing plate; 60. Measuring pen; 61. Main body; 692. Measuring rod; 693. Measuring block; 694. Measuring base; 695. Touch sensor; 611. Second push cylinder; 612. First extension rod; 613. First stud; 614. First limit block; 615. Ball bearing; 616. Second limit block; 617. Mounting plate; 618. Second extension rod; 619. Second stud; 7. Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-12The ball bearing quality inspection device shown includes a frame 7, which is made of aluminum alloy profiles and fixed together by corner brackets and bolts. Anti-slip pads are welded to the bottom of the frame 7 to ensure the stability of the device's operation. A multi-guide column vertical storage mechanism is installed on the frame 7. Below the storage mechanism is a transmission mechanism 3 for transporting ball bearings. A hardness detection component 4, a height detection component 5, and an outer diameter detection component 6 are respectively located on one side of the transmission mechanism 3, integrating multi-dimensional detection functions of hardness, height, and outer diameter. Multiple core indicators can be detected in a single loading operation, improving inspection efficiency. The transmission mechanism 3, hardness detection component 4, height detection component 5, and outer diameter detection component 6 are all controlled by a PLC control system, which includes an S7-200SMART model PLC. Every time a certain number of workpieces are inspected, such as 300 workpieces, the system automatically triggers a standard calibration process. After calibration, the inspection operation automatically resumes. Specifically, the storage mechanism employs a heavy-duty divider with multi-bar linkage for buffering loading and unloading. The heavy-duty divider is an RU110DT, installed directly below the center of the turntable 22. The base of the heavy-duty divider is fixed on the base plate 21. The output shaft of the heavy-duty divider is vertically upward and rigidly connected coaxially to the center hole of the turntable 22. The input shaft of the heavy-duty divider is connected to the rotary motor 26 via a coupling, and the rotary motor provides power. The storage mechanism includes an inner ring storage silo 2 and an outer ring storage silo 1, both of which are equipped with corresponding transmission devices. The machine includes a conveying mechanism 3, a hardness testing component 4, a height testing component 5, and an outer diameter testing component 6. A multi-guide column vertical structure storage mechanism is installed on the frame 7. The storage mechanism is divided into an inner ring storage silo 2 and an outer ring storage silo 1. A conveying mechanism 3 is set below both of them. The hardness testing component 4, the height testing component 5, and the outer diameter testing component 6 are synchronously configured on one side of the conveying mechanism 3 to realize independent and synchronous testing of the inner and outer rings of the bearing. The inner ring storage silo 2 and the corresponding testing components are set independently, which can carry out the testing of the inner and outer rings of the bearing at the same time, and are suitable for the assembly line operation of ball bearing production. Furthermore, both the inner ring storage silo 2 and the outer ring storage silo 1 include a base plate 21 and a support plate 24. A turntable 22 is rotatably mounted on the base plate 21. Multiple sets of storage components 23 are installed in a circular array at the edge of the upper surface of the turntable 22. The upper ends of the multiple sets of storage components 23 are fixed to the support plate 24, and the support plate 24 has mounting holes for installing the storage components 23. The support plate 24 and the turntable 22 are connected by a connecting rod. The turntable 22 has a discharge hole for the workpieces in the storage components 23 to fall. A rotary motor 26 is installed at the lower end to drive the turntable 22 to rotate intermittently. The rotary motor 26 is a servo motor, model 57BYG250H, and its rotation angle is controlled by a PLC control system. The speed adjustment range is 0-30r / min, realizing the intermittent rotational feeding of the storage hopper. A pusher mechanism 25 for pushing the workpiece is installed at one of the discharge holes on the bottom plate 21. When the turntable 22 rotates to the point where a certain storage piece 23 is aligned with the discharge hole, the pusher mechanism 25 is activated to push out the bearing workpiece in the storage piece 23, completing the feeding action.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the storage components 23 includes a fixing plate 231. The fixing plate 231 has a feeding hole at its center. Multiple guide posts 232 arranged in a circular array are installed on the lower edge of the fixing plate 231. The guide posts 232 are made of 45# steel and heat-treated. The lower ends of the multiple guide posts 232 are fixed to the upper surface of the turntable 22. The multiple guide posts 232 form a receiving cavity, which plays a vertical guiding role for the bearing workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece remains vertical during storage and falling. The feeding hole and the feeding hole are coaxially arranged to achieve precise falling of the workpiece. The rotary motor 26 drives the turntable 22 to rotate around the central axis through the heavy-duty divider, realizing the switching of multiple sets of storage components 23. The guide posts 232 are threadedly connected to the fixing plate 231. The number and spacing of the guide posts 232 can be adjusted according to the outer diameter of different specifications of bearings, adapting to the storage of bearings of different sizes and improving the versatility of the storage components 23.

[0020] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism 25 includes a first cylinder 251 fixed to one side of the base plate 21. A first fixing block 252 is fixed to the piston rod end of the first cylinder 251. A pushing block 253 for pushing the workpiece is fixed on the first fixing block 252. The pushing block 253 is located between the base plate 21 and the turntable 22. The first cylinder 251 is a small standard cylinder of model SC32*50. The pushing block 253 is made of elastic polyurethane material to avoid hard impact on the bearing workpiece during pushing. When the turntable 22 rotates to a certain storage component 23 aligned with the discharge hole, the PLC control system issues a command, the piston rod of the first cylinder 251 extends, and pushes the first fixing block 252 and the pushing block 253 to move towards the discharge hole. The pushing block 253 contacts the bearing workpiece in the storage component 23 and pushes the workpiece out of the discharge hole, completing the loading. After loading is completed, the piston rod of the first cylinder 251 retracts, the pushing block 253 resets, and waits for the next pushing command.

[0021] Furthermore, the hardness testing component 4 performs online testing of the hardness of the inner and outer rings using eddy current hardness sorting and automatically rejects NG parts. The hardness testing component 4 includes a bracket 41 fixed to the upper surface of the frame 7 and support columns 47 located on both sides of the bracket 41. A second cylinder 42 is mounted on the bracket 41, and a mounting block 43 is fixed to the piston rod end of the second cylinder 42. A first pallet 44 for supporting workpieces is fixed on the mounting block 43. A storage plate 48 for placing standard parts is fixed on the bracket 41 located at the other end of the second cylinder 42. A hardness coil 45 is fixed on the support columns 47. A second support plate 46 is installed on the side. The bin plate 48 and the first support plate 44 are both located between the hardness coil 45 and the bracket 41. The bin plate 48 has built-in standard parts, which can be used to calibrate the detection accuracy at any time, avoiding detection errors caused by factors such as temperature and vibration of the hardness coil 45, and ensuring the reliability of the detection results. The division of labor design of the first support plate 44 and the second support plate 46 realizes the orderly reception of the workpiece to be tested and the workpiece after testing, avoids the accumulation of workpieces, and ensures the continuity of the detection process. The hardness coil 45 is a customized toroidal eddy current coil with an inner diameter of 50mm and an outer diameter of 80mm. The coil's working frequency is 100kHz, and it is used in conjunction with the eddy current hardness sorter. During testing, the transmission mechanism 3 transports the workpiece to be tested to the first pallet 44. The piston rod of the second cylinder 42 extends, pushing the first pallet 44 to bring the workpiece into the detection area of ​​the hardness coil 45. The hardness coil 45 generates an alternating magnetic field, and eddy currents are generated in the workpiece in the magnetic field. The size and distribution of the eddy currents are related to the hardness of the workpiece. By detecting the eddy current signal and comparing it with the eddy current signal of the standard part, it is determined whether the hardness of the workpiece is qualified. Qualified workpieces are pushed by the second cylinder 42 to the second pallet 46, and then transported by the transmission mechanism 3 to the next testing station. Unqualified workpieces are automatically rejected by the NG rejection unit. During the testing process, the hardness coil 45 can be calibrated at any time through the standard part on the bin plate 48 to ensure the testing accuracy.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the height detection component 5 is used to detect the height of the ball bearing. The height detection component 5 includes a support frame 51 mounted on a frame 7. A first mounting base 52 is fixed to the upper end of the support frame 51. A contact displacement sensor 53 and a second fixed base 56 are mounted on the first mounting base 52. A first fixed base 55 is fixed to one side of the support frame 51. The upper ends of the first fixed base 55 and the second fixed base 56 are connected and fixed by a connecting piece 54. A contact plate 57 is slidably connected between the first fixed base 55 and the second fixed base 56. The upper surface of the contact plate 57 is connected to the connecting piece 54 by a compression spring 58. Displacement plates 512 are fixed to both ends of the contact plate 57. Sliding holes for the displacement plates 512 to slide are provided on the first fixed base 55 and the second fixed base 56. The probe of the contact displacement sensor 53 is connected to... One of the displacement plates 512 is in contact. When not in use, the lower surface of the contact plate 57 is flush with the lower surfaces of the first fixed seat 55 and the second fixed seat 56. The lower end of the support frame 51 is fixed with a cylinder seat 511. A lifting cylinder 510 is mounted on the cylinder seat 511. The piston rod end of the lifting cylinder 510 is fixed with a push plate 59 for pushing the ball bearing 615 to be tested to rise or fall. The upper surface of the push plate 59 is provided with a boss for limiting the ball bearing 615. The height of the boss must be lower than the height of the ball bearing 615. Through the contact displacement sensor 53, the detection accuracy is high, and the bearing height can be detected at the micron level, meeting the high-precision detection requirements of the ball bearing. The detection signal of the contact displacement sensor 53 can be transmitted to the PLC control system in real time to realize the real-time display and recording of height data, which is convenient for subsequent quality traceability. Among them, the contact displacement sensor 53 is an inductive displacement sensor of model GT2-H12, which can achieve highly accurate detection; the compression spring 58 is used to provide a reset force to the contact plate 57, so that the contact plate 57 can be reset after the ball bearing detection is completed; During testing, the ball bearing to be tested is fitted onto the boss of the push plate 59. The lifting cylinder 510 drives the push plate 59 to rise, causing the ball bearing to rise. When the upper surface of the ball bearing contacts the lower surface of the contact plate 57, the ball bearing continues to apply an upward pushing force to the contact plate 57, causing the contact plate 57 to drive the displacement plate 512 to rise until the push plate 59 contacts the lower surface of the first fixed seat 55. At this time, the compression spring 58 is in a compressed state, and the lifting cylinder 510 stops rising. The displacement of the displacement plate 512 is monitored by the contact displacement sensor 53, and the displacement is compared with the preset standard height to obtain the height deviation of the workpiece, and to determine whether the workpiece height is qualified. After the test is completed, the lifting cylinder 510 drives the push plate 59 to fall, and the contact plate 57 is reset under the action of the compression spring 58.

[0023] Furthermore, the outer diameter detection component 6 employs an elastic measuring frame structure to detect the outer diameter of the outer or inner ring, and automatically and periodically calibrates according to preset end height and inner / outer diameter parameters. The outer diameter detection component 6 includes a vertical plate 61 mounted on a frame 7. A bearing mechanism 63 for supporting the ball bearing 615 to be tested is installed at the lower end of the vertical plate 61. A top plate 62 is fixed at the upper end of the vertical plate 61, and a locking block 66 is fixed on the lower surface of the top plate 62. A swing plate 68 is connected to the locking block 66 via an X-shaped spring 67. A mounting plate 617 is fixed to one side of the lower end of the swing plate 68. The two ends of the mounting plate 617 are connected to the side wall of the vertical plate 61 through the reset mechanism 65. A first limiting block 614 and a second limiting block 616 are provided between the two reset mechanisms 65. The first limiting block 614 is fixed to the side wall of the vertical plate 61, and the second limiting block 616 is fixed to the other side of the lower end of the swing plate 68. A measuring pen 69 is mounted on the mounting plate 617, and a pushing mechanism for pushing the swing plate 68 to swing is mounted at the upper end of the swing plate 68. A calibration mechanism 64 for providing standard parts for automatic periodic calibration is mounted below the pushing mechanism. The pushing mechanism includes a second pushing cylinder 611 and a second extension rod 618 fixed on the vertical plate 61. The second extension rod 618 is located below the second pushing cylinder 611. The piston rod end of the second pushing cylinder 611 is fixed with a first extension rod 612. A first stud 613 and a second stud 619 are screwed onto the swing plate 68. The nut end of the first stud 613 abuts against the end of the first extension rod 612. The nut end of the second stud 619 abuts against the end of the second extension rod 618 when the swing plate 68 is not swinging. The length of the first stud 613, located between the swing plate 68 and the vertical plate 61, is shorter than the length of the second stud 619. The restriction by the second stud 619 and the first stud 613 can prevent the swing plate 68 from moving excessively during reset, thus preventing damage to the bearing surface. During swinging, the second pushing cylinder 611 drives the first extension rod 612. 12 moves away from the vertical plate 61 to push the first stud 613 using the first extension rod 612, causing the swing plate 68 to swing outward with the X-shaped spring 67 as the fulcrum. At this time, the bearing to be tested can be moved into or out of the space between the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616 through the bearing mechanism 63. When the second push cylinder 611 resets, the reset mechanism 65 pulls to clamp and fix the bearing located in the space between the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616, ensuring the stability of the bearing during testing. The X-shaped spring 67 provides centering protection with its symmetrical geometry, ensuring that the swing plate 68 is always in a vertical state when it is not swinging. The second push cylinder 611 is a small, thin cylinder, model SDA20×30, which can be adjusted by a throttle valve. The swing angle can be adjusted by adjusting the cylinder stroke to adapt to the outer diameter testing of bearings of different specifications, improving the versatility of the mechanism. The reset mechanism 65 includes a fixed rod 653 fixed to one side of the vertical plate 61 and a third stud 651 threaded onto the mounting plate 617. The third stud 651 and the fixed rod 653 are connected by a reset spring 652. When the swing plate 68 swings, the mounting plate 617 pulls the reset spring 652 to extend. When the swing plate 68 is not under force, the rebound force of the reset spring 652 drives the swing plate 68 to move in the opposite direction. The bearing mechanism 63 includes a mounting platform 633 fixed to one side of the lower end of the vertical plate 61. A fourth cylinder 632 is mounted on the mounting platform 633. The piston rod end of the fourth cylinder 632 is fixed to the bearing platform 631. The bearing platform 631 is provided with a limiting protrusion 634 for fixing and limiting the ball bearing 615 to be tested. The fourth cylinder 632 drives the bearing platform 631 to rise or fall, thereby driving the bearing to be tested to rise or fall. The calibration mechanism 64 includes a support plate 641 fixed to the other side of the lower end of the vertical plate 61. A calibration cylinder 642 is installed on the support plate 641. An L-shaped plate 643 is fixed to the piston rod end of the calibration cylinder 642. The L-shaped plate 643 has a placement groove 644 for placing standard parts. The L-shaped plate 643 located at the placement groove 644 has a clearance hole 645 for the support platform 631 to pass through. The vertical plate 61 has a through hole 646 for the L-shaped plate 643 to pass through the vertical plate 61. During calibration, the standard part is placed in the placement groove 644. The calibration cylinder 642 drives the L-shaped plate 643 to pass through the through hole 646 and move it to the top of the support mechanism 63. The fourth cylinder 632 drives the support platform 631 to rise, so that the support platform 631 pushes the standard part between the first limit block 614 and the second limit block 616 for outer diameter detection. The measuring pen 69 includes a main body 691, a measuring rod 692, and a measuring block 693. The main body 691 is mounted on a mounting plate 617. One end of the measuring rod 692 is connected to the main body 691. A measuring base 694 is fixed on the vertical plate 61. A tension spring is fixed inside the measuring base 694. The measuring block 693 is fixed to one end of the tension spring and abuts against the end of the measuring rod 692. Touch sensors are installed on opposite sides of the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616. Device 695 is used to determine whether the outer wall of ball bearing 615 is in contact with the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616 during detection. Three touch sensors 695 are provided: two touch sensors 695 are installed on the first limiting block 614 and one touch sensor 695 is installed on the second limiting block 616. By having the three touch sensors 695 in contact with the outer wall of the bearing, it is ensured that the bearing can be located between the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616, thereby further improving the accuracy of bearing outer diameter detection. The measuring pen 69 is Keyence's GT2-H12K. It uses a probe with a built-in high-precision sensor to make physical contact with the surface of the object being measured, and then converts the positional changes of the contact point into a precise digital signal for measuring the geometric dimensions of the object, such as height, thickness, width, warpage, and flatness. During testing, the piston rod of the second push cylinder 611 extends, driving the first extension rod 612 to move horizontally away from the vertical plate 61. The end of the first extension rod 612 pushes the first stud 613, causing the swing plate 68 to swing outward (away from the center of the vertical plate) with the X-shaped spring piece 67 as the fulcrum. The swing plate 68 drives the mounting plate 617 to swing synchronously. The mounting plate 617 pulls the reset spring 652 of the reset mechanism to extend, providing a rebound force for subsequent reset. After the swing plate 68 swings, the clamping space between the first limit block 614 and the second limit block 616 is reduced. The plate is fully opened, and simultaneously, the measuring pen 69 moves away from the center along with the mounting plate 617 to avoid the bearing under test. The piston rod of the fourth cylinder 632 retracts, causing the support platform 631 to descend to its lowest position, placing the ball bearing 615 under test on the support platform 631. The bearing is circumferentially positioned and prevented from shifting through the limiting protrusion 634. The piston rod of the fourth cylinder 632 extends, causing the support platform 631 and the bearing under test to rise synchronously, accurately placing the bearing into the detection space between the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616. The piston rod of the second push cylinder 611 retracts. The first extension rod 612 resets, releasing the thrust on the first stud 613. The return force of the reset spring 652 pulls the mounting plate 617, causing the swing plate 68 to swing in the opposite direction around the X-shaped spring piece 67. This causes the first limiting block 614 and the second limiting block 616 to move towards the center, clamping the bearing to be tested. The two touch sensors on the first limiting block 614 and the one touch sensor on the second limiting block 616 make contact with the bearing's outer wall at three points, confirming that the bearing is fully in place and stably clamped, meeting the testing conditions. The measuring pen 69 on the mounting plate 617... As the swing plate resets, the end of the measuring rod 692 contacts the measuring block 693. The tension spring inside the measuring base 694 provides a constant preload, ensuring that the measuring block 693 always fits against the outer wall of the bearing. The main body 691 of the measuring pen 69 collects the displacement of the measuring rod 692 and converts it into the outer diameter of the bearing. Simultaneously, combined with the preset end height parameters, the bearing outer diameter is accurately detected. After the detection data is recorded, the second push cylinder 611 extends again, causing the swing plate to open. The fourth cylinder 632 retracts, causing the support platform 631 and the inspected bearing to descend, completing the unloading process.

[0024] The transmission mechanism 3 includes a belt conveyor 31, a flat pushing mechanism 32, and an NG rejection unit. The belt conveyor 31 is mounted on the frame 7 via a gantry frame and is located below the storage mechanism. The flat pushing mechanism 32 is installed at one end of the belt conveyor 31, and the NG rejection unit is installed on one side of the flat pushing mechanism 32. After the workpiece completes all inspection processes, the flat pushing mechanism 32 activates, pushing qualified workpieces to the finished product conveyor line and pushing NG workpieces to be rejected to the entrance of the NG rejection unit. The NG rejection unit is installed on one side of the flat pushing mechanism 32, receiving the NG workpieces conveyed by the flat pushing mechanism 32, and pushing the NG workpieces to the waste collection box via a pneumatic pusher, thus completing the automatic rejection of unqualified workpieces. The entire transmission process is uniformly controlled by a PLC control system to achieve orderly conveying and sorting of workpieces. Belt conveyor 31 is a miniature belt conveyor with a polyurethane belt, 50mm wide, and a conveying speed of 0.5-2m / s, adjustable by a geared motor (model 5IK120RGU-CF). A belt conveyor 31 is also installed at the inlet of storage unit 23. This inlet belt conveyor 31 is mounted on the upper end of a gantry frame made of aluminum alloy profiles, bolted to the frame 7. Shock-absorbing pads are installed between the belt conveyor 31 and the gantry frame to reduce vibration. The vibration of the device during operation has little impact on the conveying process; the flat pushing mechanism 32 includes a pushing plate and an X-axis moving mechanism, which is used to realize the horizontal movement of the pushing plate in the X direction. A Y-axis pushing cylinder is installed on the X-axis moving mechanism. The pushing plate is installed on the piston rod end of the Y-axis pushing cylinder. The pushing plate has multiple arc-shaped grooves corresponding to the ball bearings. The pushing plate is driven to move in the Y direction by the Y-axis pushing cylinder to clamp the bearing located at the inspection station. Then, the pushing plate is driven to move in the X direction by the X-axis moving mechanism to push the bearing to the next inspection station. The NG rejection unit consists of a fifth cylinder and a rejection plate. The fifth cylinder is an SDA16×20 thin cylinder. The pushing direction of the rejection plate is perpendicular to the pushing direction of the flat pushing mechanism 32. The NG workpiece is pushed to the waste collection box. The waste collection box is made of plastic and has a buffer pad inside to prevent the workpiece from being bumped and damaged. All pneumatic components of the transmission mechanism 3 are supplied with air by the same air circuit system. The air circuit system is equipped with an oil-water separator and a pressure regulating valve to ensure stable air pressure, prevent moisture and impurities from entering the cylinder, and extend the service life of the pneumatic components.

[0025] When inspecting the quality of ball bearings, the PLC control system of the device presets the hardness threshold, height standard value, and outer diameter standard value of the ball bearing to be inspected. At the same time, it sets the workpiece quantity threshold for automatic calibration of outer diameter inspection, such as calibrating once every 300 pieces inspected. The standard parts for hardness and outer diameter inspection are placed in the bin plate 48 of the hardness inspection component 4 and the standard part feeding mechanism placement groove of the outer diameter inspection component 6, respectively, to complete the initial accuracy calibration of the equipment. The inner and outer rings of the ball bearings are then manually or automatically fed into the storage units 23 of the inner ring storage silo 2 and the outer ring storage silo 1, respectively. The bearing workpieces fall vertically along the guide posts 232 of the storage unit 23 to the turntable 22, achieving buffer storage for large batches of workpieces. The rotary motor 26 drives the turntable 22 of the storage silo to switch positions, and the pushing mechanism 25 accurately pushes the bearing workpieces to the belt conveyor 31, achieving continuous and orderly feeding. The conveyor sends the workpieces to each testing station in sequence, where they first undergo online non-destructive testing by the eddy current hardness component, and then... The height is detected by a cross spring mechanism, and the outer diameter is finally detected by an elastic measuring frame structure. When the threshold is reached, a standard part is automatically called to complete the accuracy calibration. All test results are transmitted to the PLC in real time, and NG parts are marked. The workpieces that have completed full index testing are transported to the flat push station. After the PLC judges, qualified parts are sent to the finished product line by the flat push feeding mechanism 32, and NG parts are pushed to the waste bin by the rejection unit to achieve automatic sorting. This fully automated process from feeding, testing to sorting reduces manual intervention and human error and improves the accuracy of testing.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball bearing quality testing device, characterized in that: Includes a frame (7), on which a storage mechanism with a multi-guide column vertical structure is installed. Below the storage mechanism is a transmission mechanism (3) for transmitting ball bearings. On one side of the transmission mechanism (3) are a hardness detection component (4), a height detection component (5) and an outer diameter detection component (6). The storage mechanism adopts a heavy-duty divider multi-bar buffer for loading and unloading. The storage mechanism includes an inner ring storage silo (2) and an outer ring storage silo (1). The inner ring storage silo (2) and the outer ring storage silo (1) are each equipped with a transmission mechanism (3), a hardness detection component (4), a height detection component (5), and an outer diameter detection component (6). The hardness detection component (4) performs online detection of the hardness of the inner and outer rings by eddy current hardness sorting and automatically rejects NG parts; The height detection component (5) uses a cross spring-type measuring mechanism to detect the height of the ball bearing; The outer diameter detection component (6) uses an elastic measuring frame structure to detect the outer diameter of the outer ring or inner ring, and automatically and periodically calibrates according to the preset end height and inner and outer diameter parameters.

2. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inner ring storage silo (2) and the outer ring storage silo (1) include a base plate (21) and a support plate (24). A turntable (22) is rotatably mounted on the base plate (21). Multiple sets of storage components (23) are installed in a ring array at the edge of the upper surface of the turntable (22). The upper ends of the multiple sets of storage components (23) are fixed to the support plate (24). The support plate (24) is provided with mounting holes for the storage components (23). The support plate (24) and the turntable (22) are connected by a connecting rod. The turntable (22) is provided with a discharge hole for the workpieces in the storage components (23) to fall. A rotary motor (26) for driving the turntable (22) to rotate intermittently is installed at the lower end of the turntable (22). A pusher mechanism (25) for pushing the workpieces is installed at one of the discharge holes on the base plate (21).

3. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the storage components (23) includes a fixing plate (231), the center of which is provided with a feeding hole. Multiple guide posts (232) are installed on the lower edge of the fixing plate (231) in a circular array. The lower ends of the multiple guide posts (232) are fixed to the upper surface of the turntable (22), and the feeding hole and the feeding hole are coaxially arranged.

4. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardness testing assembly (4) includes a bracket (41) fixed on the upper surface of the frame (7) and support columns (47) located on both sides of the bracket (41). A second cylinder (42) is installed on the bracket (41). A mounting block (43) is fixed to the piston rod end of the second cylinder (42). A first pallet (44) for carrying the workpiece is fixed on the mounting block (43). A storage plate (48) for placing standard parts is fixed on the bracket (41) located at the other end of the second cylinder (42). A hardness coil (45) is fixed on the support column (47). A second pallet (46) is installed on one side of the hardness coil (45). The storage plate (48) and the first pallet (44) are both located between the hardness coil (45) and the bracket (41).

5. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height detection component (5) includes a support frame (51) mounted on a frame (7). A first mounting base (52) is fixed to the upper end of the support frame (51). A contact displacement sensor (53) and a second fixed base (56) are mounted on the first mounting base (52). A first fixed base (55) is fixed to one side of the support frame (51). The upper ends of the first fixed base (55) and the second fixed base (56) are connected and fixed by a connecting piece (54). A contact plate (57) is slidably connected between the first fixed base (55) and the second fixed base (56). The upper surface of the contact plate (57) is connected to the connecting piece (54) by a compression spring (58). Displacement plates (512) are fixed at both ends of (57). The first fixed seat (55) and the second fixed seat (56) are provided with sliding holes for the displacement plates (512) to slide. The probe of the contact displacement sensor (53) is in contact with one of the displacement plates (512). When the contact plate (57) is not performing detection work, its lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the first fixed seat (55) and the second fixed seat (56). The lower end of the support frame (51) is fixed with a cylinder seat (511). A lifting cylinder (510) is installed on the cylinder seat (511). The piston rod end of the lifting cylinder (510) is fixed with a push plate (59) for pushing the ball bearing to be tested to rise or fall.

6. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter detection assembly (6) includes a vertical plate (61) mounted on a frame (7). A bearing mechanism (63) for supporting the ball bearing (615) to be tested is installed at the lower end of the vertical plate (61). A top plate (62) is fixed at the upper end of the vertical plate (61). A locking block (66) is fixed on the lower surface of the top plate (62). A swing plate (68) is connected to the locking block (66) through an X-shaped spring (67). A mounting plate (617) is fixed on one side of the lower end of the swing plate (68). The two ends of the mounting plate (617) are connected to the vertical plate (615) through a reset mechanism (65). 1) The side wall connection is provided between the two reset mechanisms (65) with a first limiting block (614) and a second limiting block (616). The first limiting block (614) is fixed to the side wall of the vertical plate (61), and the second limiting block (616) is fixed to the other side of the lower end of the swing plate (68). A measuring pen (69) is installed on the mounting plate (617). A pushing mechanism for pushing the swing plate (68) to swing is installed at the upper end of the swing plate (68). A calibration mechanism (64) for providing standard parts for automatic periodic calibration is installed below the pushing mechanism.

7. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a second pushing cylinder (611) and a second extension rod (618) fixed on the vertical plate (61). The second extension rod (618) is located below the second pushing cylinder (611). The piston rod end of the second pushing cylinder (611) is fixed with a first extension rod (612). A first stud (613) and a second stud (619) are screwed onto the swing plate (68). The nut end of the first stud (613) abuts against the end of the first extension rod (612). The nut end of the second stud (619) abuts against the end of the second extension rod (618) when the swing plate (68) is not swinging. The length of the first stud (613) located between the swing plate (68) and the vertical plate (61) is shorter than the length of the second stud (619).

8. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reset mechanism (65) includes a fixing rod (653) fixed to one side of the vertical plate (61) and a third stud (651) threaded onto the mounting plate (617). The third stud (651) and the fixing rod (653) are connected by a reset spring (652).

9. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calibration mechanism (64) includes a support plate (641) fixed on the other side of the lower end of the vertical plate (61). A calibration cylinder (642) is installed on the support plate (641). An L-shaped plate (643) is fixed to the piston rod end of the calibration cylinder (642). A placement groove (644) for placing standard parts is opened on the L-shaped plate (643). A clearance hole (645) for the support platform (631) to pass through is opened on the L-shaped plate (643) located at the placement groove (644). A through hole (646) for the L-shaped plate (643) to pass through the vertical plate (61) is opened on the vertical plate (61).

10. The ball bearing quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (3) includes a belt conveyor (31), a flat pushing mechanism (32), and an NG rejection unit. The belt conveyor (31) is mounted on the frame (7) via a gantry frame and is located below the storage mechanism. The flat pushing mechanism (32) is mounted at one end of the belt conveyor (31), and the NG rejection unit is mounted on one side of the flat pushing mechanism (32).

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