A method and apparatus for testing rock samples with high resolution ultrasonic waves

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of seismic exploration technology and discloses a method and equipment for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples. The method includes: determining the relative positions of an exciter, a laser vibrometer, and the rock core according to a preset observation system; exciting ultrasonic waves onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a core holder; and recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using the laser vibrometer. Compared with ultrasonic transducer core testing, this invention has better adaptability and can better reveal the local heterogeneity of the rock core, and has certain application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, specifically to the field of core velocity analysis based on velocity information, and particularly to a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product program for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves of rock samples. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic testing of rocks is a non-destructive testing method that utilizes the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves within rock masses to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of rocks by analyzing parameters such as sound wave velocity, attenuation coefficient, waveform, and frequency. This method is widely used in engineering geology, mineral exploration, and construction engineering due to its simplicity, speed, and lack of damage to the tested medium. It typically employs ultrasonic transducers to test ultrasonic waves within rock masses. However, ultrasonic transducer testing of rock cores has the following two limitations:

[0003] (1) The ultrasonic transducer is large in size and measures surface-to-surface ultrasonic information instead of point-to-point ultrasonic information, which is insufficient for detailed description of the core.

[0004] (2) The ultrasonic transducer needs to be coupled with the sample to be tested, and needs to contact the sample. It is difficult to test irregular samples. Moreover, contact testing requires the use of a coupling agent, which has a certain impact on the accuracy of the test. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide at least one method and device for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples. The method utilizes a high-energy laser pulse beam to irradiate the rock core and generate ultrasonic waves, and uses a laser vibrometer to receive the ultrasonic waves from the rock core. Compared with ultrasonic transducer testing, this invention has better adaptability and can better reveal the local heterogeneity of the rock core, and has certain application potential.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples, comprising:

[0007] The relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and rock core are determined according to the preset observation system.

[0008] Ultrasonic waves are excited onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder;

[0009] Waveform data of ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core were recorded using a laser vibrometer.

[0010] In some embodiments, recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer includes:

[0011] The vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core was measured using the laser vibrometer.

[0012] The vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal;

[0013] The waveform data of the ultrasonic wave is plotted based on the electrical signal.

[0014] In some embodiments, a method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves further includes:

[0015] The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core is calculated based on the waveform data.

[0016] In some embodiments, calculating the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data includes:

[0017] The initial arrival of the ultrasonic wave is determined based on the waveform data;

[0018] The propagation velocity is calculated based on the initial arrival and the core length.

[0019] In some embodiments, a method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves further includes:

[0020] The heterogeneity of the core was determined by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core.

[0021] The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, determining the relative positions of the exciter and the core according to a preset observation system includes:

[0023] The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system.

[0024] Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0025] The relative positions of the exciter and the core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

[0026] In some embodiments, determining the relative position of the laser vibrometer and the rock core according to a preset observation system includes:

[0027] The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system.

[0028] Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0029] The relative positions of the laser vibrometer and the rock core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

[0030] At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a testing apparatus for high-resolution ultrasonic waves of rock samples, comprising:

[0031] The relative position determination module is used to determine the relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and rock core according to the preset observation system;

[0032] An ultrasonic excitation module is used to excite ultrasonic waves onto a rock core via a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder;

[0033] The waveform data recording module is used to record the waveform data of ultrasonic waves that penetrate the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

[0034] In some embodiments, the waveform data recording module includes:

[0035] A vibration signal measurement unit is used to measure the vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core using the laser vibrometer.

[0036] A vibration signal conversion unit is used to convert the vibration signal into an electrical signal;

[0037] A waveform data drawing unit is used to draw the waveform data of the ultrasonic wave based on the electrical signal.

[0038] In some embodiments, a high-resolution ultrasonic testing apparatus for rock samples further includes:

[0039] The propagation speed calculation module is used to calculate the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data.

[0040] In some embodiments, the propagation speed calculation module includes:

[0041] The first arrival determination unit is used to determine the first arrival of the ultrasonic wave based on the waveform data;

[0042] A propagation velocity calculation unit is used to calculate the propagation velocity based on the initial arrival and the core length.

[0043] In some embodiments, a high-resolution ultrasonic testing apparatus for rock samples further includes:

[0044] The heterogeneity determination module is used to determine the heterogeneity of the core by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core.

[0045] The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

[0046] In some embodiments, the positional relative relationship determination module includes:

[0047] The first incident point determination unit is used to determine the incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core according to the observation system.

[0048] The first unit for determining the position of the incident point is used to determine the position of the incident point on the other side of the core.

[0049] The first unit for determining the relative position is used to determine the relative position between the exciter and the core based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

[0050] In some embodiments, the positional relative relationship determination module further includes:

[0051] The second incident point determination unit is used to determine the incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core according to the observation system.

[0052] The second positioning unit is used to determine the position of the incident point on the other side of the core.

[0053] The second unit for determining the relative position is used to determine the relative position between the laser vibrometer and the rock core based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

[0054] At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves on rock samples.

[0055] At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples.

[0056] The present invention provides a method and apparatus for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples. The method includes: first, determining the relative positions of the exciter, the laser vibrometer, and the rock core according to a preset observation system; then, exciting ultrasonic waves onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is preset in a rock core holder; and finally, recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

[0057] The corresponding high-resolution ultrasonic testing device for rock samples includes: a positional relationship determination module, used to determine the positional relationship between the exciter, the laser vibrometer, and the rock core according to a preset observation system; an ultrasonic excitation module, used to excite ultrasonic waves to the rock core through a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is preset in a rock core holder; and a waveform data recording module, used to record the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core through the laser vibrometer.

[0058] Compared with the existing transducer ultrasonic testing technology, the present invention has better adaptability and can better reveal the local heterogeneity of rock cores, and has certain application potential. Attached Figure Description

[0059] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, and these illustrative descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a high-resolution ultrasonic testing method for rock samples provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating step 300 provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of another method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating step 400 provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the third method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating step 100 provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating another step 100 provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-resolution ultrasonic testing device for rock samples provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first observation object and the test results of the test observation system provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second observation object and the test results of the test observation system provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a high-resolution ultrasonic testing device for rock samples provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details are presented in the embodiments of the present invention to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present invention can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the following embodiments is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of the present invention. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0074] Ultrasonic testing technology has been introduced into rock and soil mechanics research. Researchers have discovered that ultrasonic waves carry a wealth of information related to the physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil as they propagate through them. This information can be comprehensively reflected through changes in acoustic parameters. The excitation source and receiver used in ultrasonic rock testing are generally ultrasonic transducers. These transducers require the vibration of a piezoelectric crystal to excite the ultrasonic waves. The piezoelectric crystal itself needs to be of a certain size to generate sufficiently large vibrations for the receiver to pick up. Furthermore, good coupling between the transducer and the sample being tested is required; the sample should generally be flat. Because the transducer has a certain size, there is an averaging effect on the measurement range, which is not conducive to precise core measurements. Transducer testing is also a contact testing method, which is relatively slow and has high requirements for the sample.

[0075] Laser ultrasound technology has a mature development history in flaw detection. It primarily uses a special device to excite a laser beam, which is then focused on the surface of the device being tested, causing surface deformation and generating ultrasonic waves. Currently, research on the mechanism of laser ultrasound mainly includes theories such as thermoelastic expansion, electrostriction, optical breakdown, and vaporization expansion. Besides laser-excited ultrasound, laser vibrometers can also receive ultrasonic waves. Laser vibrometers mainly utilize the laser Doppler effect. Their basic principle is to illuminate a rough target surface with a laser beam and obtain relevant information by observing the changes in the reflected beam. Specifically, when the laser beam encounters the target surface, part of the light is absorbed, and part is reflected back. Due to the minute vibrations of the target surface, the frequency of the reflected light changes, and a modem is used to convert the frequency into displacement, velocity, or acceleration information. Currently, laser-excited and laser-received ultrasonic waves have been applied in earthquake physics simulation experiments.

[0076] Example 1:

[0077] For the reasons stated above, the high-resolution ultrasonic testing method for rock samples in this embodiment can be applied to electronic devices with communication, computing, and data storage capabilities. The specific process can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0078] Step 100: Determine the relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and core according to the preset observation system;

[0079] Step 200: Ultrasonic waves are excited onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder;

[0080] Step 300: Record the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

[0081] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples, comprising: first, determining the relative positions of the exciter, the laser vibrometer, and the rock core according to a preset observation system; then, exciting ultrasonic waves onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is preset in a rock core holder; and finally, recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

[0082] Compared with the existing transducer ultrasonic testing technology, the present invention has better adaptability and can better reveal the local heterogeneity of rock cores, and has certain application potential.

[0083] Specifically, this invention utilizes laser-excited laser receivers to conduct ultrasonic testing on rock cores, which has the following main advantages:

[0084] ① Laser ultrasonic excitation uses a laser pulse beam with a spot diameter of only 0.05-0.5 mm, which is much smaller than the transducer diameter. Laser vibration receiving also uses a laser beam with a spot diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm. Since the diameters of both the excitation source and the receiving source are smaller than the diameter of the ultrasonic transducer, the test results can better reveal local changes in the core.

[0085] ②Both laser excitation and laser reception are non-contact excitation and reception methods, resulting in more accurate test results;

[0086] ③Because the spot diameter is smaller, it is better suited for testing irregular core samples.

[0087] For step 100, the relevant parameters of the observation system include:

[0088] Shot Number: The total number of times a seismic source (such as explosives or a seismic source vehicle) is detonated during seismic exploration. The seismic waves generated by each detonation propagate underground and are recorded by a receiver.

[0089] Number of Channels or Traces*: This refers to the number of seismic receivers (such as seismographs or seismic receiver arrays) deployed on the ground during each detonation. Each receiver records the seismic wave signal reflected from underground.

[0090] Number of Sampling Points: This refers to the number of data points recorded by each receiver during a single seismic event. The number of sampling points determines the temporal resolution of the recorded seismic signal.

[0091] Sampling interval: This refers to the time interval between two adjacent sampling points when recording seismic data, usually measured in milliseconds (ms). A smaller sampling interval can improve temporal resolution and capture more subtle changes in the seismic signal.

[0092] Shot-Receiver Distance (or Offset): This refers to the horizontal distance between the seismic source (shot) and the receiver (geophone). The shot-receiver distance affects the propagation path and waveform characteristics of the received seismic waves.

[0093] Trace Interval (or Receiver Interval): This refers to the horizontal distance between two adjacent receivers. The size of the trace interval affects the spatial resolution and coverage of seismic data.

[0094] Understandably, the aforementioned parameters collectively determine the quality and resolution of seismic exploration data, and are crucial factors in seismic exploration design and data processing. By appropriately setting and optimizing these parameters, the effectiveness of seismic exploration can be improved, resulting in clearer images of subsurface geological structures.

[0095] For step 200, the laser pulse generator is a device that can generate high-energy laser pulses in a short time.

[0096] Laser pulse generators produce high-energy pulses through a brief laser amplification process. Specifically, this involves the following steps: using a specific gain medium (such as titanium-doped sapphire or ytterbium-doped fiber), stimulated emission is generated under the excitation of external energy (such as a flash lamp or diode pump). The laser is reflected and amplified within a resonant cavity, gradually reaching the conditions for laser oscillation. Short pulses are generated by controlling the time structure of the laser output through modulation techniques (such as Q-switching or mode-locking).

[0097] Preferably, the above-mentioned pulse modulation technique includes:

[0098] Q-switching technology: controls laser output by rapidly adjusting the loss of the resonant cavity, generating nanosecond-level pulses.

[0099] Mode-locking technology: By coherently superimposing multiple longitudinal modes within the laser cavity, ultrashort pulses at the picosecond or even femtosecond level can be generated.

[0100] The core holder securely fixes the core sample in place using a mechanical fixing device, preventing it from moving or being damaged during processing and analysis. Stable and precise core fixation helps maintain sample integrity and accuracy during subsequent cutting, grinding, drilling, and testing. A well-designed core holder facilitates sample installation and removal for operators, improving work efficiency. Preferably, the core holder in step 200 includes:

[0101] Manual clamp: Secures the core by manually adjusting bolts or clamps, suitable for laboratory and field operations.

[0102] Automatic clamp: It uses pneumatic or electric means to automatically clamp and release, and is suitable for applications requiring efficient and repetitive operation.

[0103] Customized grippers: Designed to meet the specific needs of different projects based on the size and shape of the core.

[0104] Regarding step 300, a laser vibrometer is a precision instrument that uses laser technology to measure the vibration of an object. It obtains vibration information by illuminating the surface of a vibrating object with a laser beam and detecting changes in the reflected light. This non-contact measurement method has advantages such as high precision, high sensitivity, and no impact on the state of the object being measured.

[0105] The working principle of a laser vibrometer is mainly based on the laser Doppler effect and interferometric measurement technology.

[0106] Laser Doppler effect: When a laser beam shines on the surface of a vibrating object, the frequency of the reflected light changes with the object's velocity. By measuring this frequency change, the object's vibration velocity and displacement can be calculated.

[0107] Interferometry: Laser interferometry determines the specific displacement of a vibration by comparing the optical path difference between a reference beam and a measurement beam. Interferometers can precisely capture vibrational displacements at the nanometer level.

[0108] Laser vibrometers can be classified into the following categories based on their design and application characteristics:

[0109] Single-point laser vibration meter: used to measure the vibration characteristics of a single point, suitable for local vibration analysis.

[0110] Scanning laser vibrometer: Using beam scanning technology, it can measure the vibration of the entire surface and generate a vibration pattern diagram.

[0111] Multi-channel laser vibration meter: Simultaneously measures vibration at multiple points, suitable for overall vibration analysis of complex structures.

[0112] Key parameters of a laser vibrometer include:

[0113] 1. Frequency range: The range of vibration frequencies that the measurement system can detect, from a few hertz (Hz) to a few megahertz (MHz).

[0114] 2. Displacement resolution: The smallest displacement change that the system can measure, achieving nanometer-level (nm) precision.

[0115] 3. Velocity resolution: The smallest velocity change that the system can measure achieves an accuracy of micrometers per second (μm / s).

[0116] 4. Measurement distance: The effective working distance of the laser vibrometer is between a few centimeters and a few meters.

[0117] In step 300, the following points should be noted: Surface reflection characteristics: The surface of the object being measured should have good reflective properties; otherwise, a reflective material must be applied. Environmental interference: Avoid the influence of environmental vibration and airflow on the measurement results. Alignment and calibration: Accurately align the laser beam and periodically calibrate the vibration meter to ensure measurement accuracy.

[0118] Example 2:

[0119] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 Step 300 includes:

[0120] Step 301: Measure the vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core using the laser vibrometer;

[0121] First, align the laser vibrometer beam with the core surface and select a suitable measurement point. Ensure the laser beam is perpendicular to the core surface for optimal measurement results. Next, adjust the laser vibrometer's focus to accurately focus on the core surface. Finally, use an ultrasonic generator to produce an ultrasonic signal with the required frequency and amplitude. Transmit the ultrasonic waves through a transducer to the core, causing the core surface to vibrate.

[0122] Step 302: Convert the vibration signal into an electrical signal;

[0123] After the laser vibrometer detects vibrations on the core surface, its internal photodetector converts the changes in reflected light into electrical signals. These electrical signals correspond to the displacement or velocity of the core surface at different time points, reflecting the ultrasonic vibrations on the core. The initially converted electrical signals are usually weak and need to be amplified by a signal amplifier. Further noise is removed by a filter to retain the valid vibration signals.

[0124] Step 303: Draw the waveform data of the ultrasonic wave based on the electrical signal.

[0125] Specifically, the amplified and filtered electrical signal is input into a data acquisition system, such as a data acquisition card (DAQ). The data acquisition system samples the electrical signal at a certain sampling rate, converting the analog signal into a digital signal. Computer software processes the acquired digital signal to extract valid information. Fourier transform and other spectral analyses are performed as needed to obtain the propagation characteristics of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core. The processed data is then imported into waveform plotting software to draw the ultrasonic waveform data, displaying a curve of vibration changing over time (time-domain waveform) and a spectrum (frequency-domain waveform).

[0126] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 A method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves, further comprising:

[0127] Step 400: Calculate the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data.

[0128] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 Step 400 includes:

[0129] Step 401: Determine the initial arrival of the ultrasonic wave based on the waveform data;

[0130] By calculating the signal envelope and extracting its energy profile, the onset of the signal can be more clearly identified. Specifically, an appropriate amplitude threshold can be set; when the signal envelope exceeds this threshold, the first arrival is considered to have occurred. This threshold needs to be adjusted based on experimental data.

[0131] Alternatively, the energy of the signal within a short time window can be calculated, and when the energy exceeds a certain value, the initial arrival is considered to have been reached.

[0132] Once the sample index corresponding to the first arrival point is determined, it is converted into a time index, i.e., the first arrival time. The sample index is then converted into actual time using the sampling rate, with the formula: First Arrival Time = Sample Index / Sampling Rate.

[0133] Step 402: Calculate the propagation velocity based on the initial arrival and the core length.

[0134] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 A method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves, further comprising:

[0135] Step 500: Determine the heterogeneity of the core by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core;

[0136] The heterogeneity of rocks refers to the fact that rocks have different physical and mechanical properties at different locations or in different directions.

[0137] Causes of heterogeneity:

[0138] Differences in mineral composition: Rocks are composed of different minerals, and the mechanical properties and elastic moduli of different minerals are different, which leads to changes in the overall properties of the rock.

[0139] Structure and texture: The uneven internal structure (such as bedding, fissures, and pores) and texture (such as grain size and shape) of rocks affect their physical properties.

[0140] Sedimentary environment: Sedimentary rocks are formed in different sedimentary environments and may exhibit obvious layered structures and compositional variations.

[0141] Metamorphism: Metamorphic rocks are formed under different pressure and temperature conditions, which leads to mineral recrystallization and structural changes, resulting in anisotropic rock properties.

[0142] Geological tectonic activity: Faulting, folding and other geological tectonic activities can change the internal structure and properties of rocks.

[0143] Methods for measuring and characterizing heterogeneity generally include:

[0144] Wave velocity measurement: By measuring the longitudinal wave (P wave) and transverse wave (S wave) velocities at different locations, the homogeneity of the rock interior can be analyzed.

[0145] First arrival time analysis: Determine the propagation time of ultrasound waves in rocks and combine data from different locations to understand the heterogeneity of the rocks.

[0146] Amplitude attenuation: Analyzing the amplitude changes of ultrasonic signals to reflect the absorption and scattering characteristics inside the rock.

[0147] Density distribution: Obtain density distribution images inside rocks through CT scans to identify different density zones.

[0148] Pore ​​structure: Analyze the porosity and pore distribution of rocks to understand the heterogeneity of their internal structure.

[0149] Core sampling: Core samples are taken from different depths and locations for physical and chemical analysis.

[0150] Microscopic observation: Using an optical microscope or an electron microscope to observe the mineral composition and structural features of rocks.

[0151] Laboratory testing: Conduct rock mechanical property tests (such as uniaxial compression, triaxial compression, etc.) and compare the mechanical parameters of different samples.

[0152] Sonic logging: Measuring the velocity of sound waves in rocks within a well to reflect their elastic properties and homogeneity.

[0153] Resistivity logging: Measuring the resistivity of rocks within a well to analyze changes in porosity and saturation.

[0154] Step 500, when implemented, specifically involves comparing the first arrival times at different locations. Changes in the first arrival time can reflect changes in the density and elastic modulus of the core material.

[0155] Based on the known core length and arrival time, wave velocities at different locations are calculated. Variations in wave velocity can reflect the heterogeneity of the core.

[0156] Compare the signal amplitudes at different locations. Variations in amplitude can reflect differences in the attenuation characteristics of the material. Perform a Fourier transform on the signal and analyze its spectral characteristics. Differences in the spectrum at different locations can reveal the inhomogeneity of the material structure.

[0157] Analyzing the reflected waveforms at different locations reveals that variations in the intensity and shape of the reflected waves can reflect material interfaces and defects.

[0158] Transmitted wave: Analyzing the transmitted waveform, the differences in the transmitted waveform at different locations can reflect the continuity and uniformity inside the material.

[0159] Furthermore, data such as first arrival time, wave velocity, amplitude, and spectral characteristics at different locations can be visualized. Two-dimensional or three-dimensional charts can be used to display the heterogeneity of the core. Based on measurement data, a heterogeneity model of the core can be established to quantify its anisotropy and stratification characteristics.

[0160] The heterogeneity of the core was comprehensively assessed by combining the results of first arrival time, wave velocity, amplitude, spectrum, and reflection / transmission analysis. The accuracy of the ultrasonic analysis results was verified by measuring other physical or chemical properties of the core (such as density, porosity, and mineral composition).

[0161] The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

[0162] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 Step 100, "determining the relative positions of the exciter and the core according to the preset observation system," includes:

[0163] Step 101: Determine the incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core according to the observation system;

[0164] Step 102: Determine the exact position of the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0165] Step 103: Determine the relative position of the exciter and the core based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

[0166] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 Step 100, "determining the relative position of the laser vibrometer and the core according to the preset observation system," includes:

[0167] Step 104: Determine the incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core according to the observation system;

[0168] Step 105: Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0169] Step 106: Determine the relative position of the laser vibrometer and the rock core based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

[0170] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples, comprising: first, determining the relative positions of the exciter, the laser vibrometer, and the rock core according to a preset observation system; then, exciting ultrasonic waves onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is preset in a rock core holder; and finally, recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

[0171] Compared with the existing transducer ultrasonic testing technology, the present invention has better adaptability and can better reveal the local heterogeneity of rock cores, and has certain application potential.

[0172] Specifically, this invention utilizes laser-excited laser receivers to conduct ultrasonic testing on rock cores, which has the following main advantages:

[0173] ① Laser ultrasonic excitation uses a laser pulse beam with a spot diameter of only 0.05-0.5 mm, which is much smaller than the transducer diameter. Laser vibration receiving also uses a laser beam with a spot diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm. Since the diameters of both the excitation source and the receiving source are smaller than the diameter of the ultrasonic transducer, the test results can better reveal local changes in the core.

[0174] ②Both laser excitation and laser reception are non-contact excitation and reception methods, resulting in more accurate test results;

[0175] ③Because the spot diameter is smaller, it is better suited for testing irregular core samples.

[0176] Example 3:

[0177] To further illustrate the solution, the present invention also provides a specific implementation of a method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples, which specifically includes the following:

[0178] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration. The invention mainly utilizes laser excitation and laser reception to test the ultrasonic velocity of well core samples, and conducts core velocity analysis based on the velocity information.

[0179] Ultrasonic core testing typically utilizes transmission testing to obtain longitudinal and transverse wave velocities and waveforms. Traditional testing uses piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers as both the source and receiver. In this invention, however, the ultrasonic core testing uses lasers as both the transmitter and receiver, enabling non-contact ultrasonic testing of the core.

[0180] Understandably, a core ultrasonic testing system is an experimental device specifically designed for measuring rock physical parameters, primarily used to analyze changes in rock and fluid properties under reservoir conditions. Currently, commonly used lithological ultrasonic testing devices typically employ ultrasonic transducers as both the ultrasonic excitation source and receiver. However, ultrasonic transducer testing of cores has the following two shortcomings:

[0181] (1) The ultrasonic transducer is large in size and measures surface-to-surface ultrasonic information instead of point-to-point ultrasonic information, which is insufficient for detailed description of the core.

[0182] (2) The ultrasonic transducer needs to be coupled with the sample to be tested, and needs to contact the sample. It is difficult to test irregular samples. Moreover, contact testing requires the use of a coupling agent, which has a certain impact on the accuracy of the test.

[0183] For the reasons mentioned above, firstly, see Figure 8 This invention provides a high-resolution ultrasonic testing device for rock samples, which mainly consists of three parts:

[0184] The first part is the laser vibrometer, which is a precision instrument that uses the laser Doppler effect to measure the vibration of an object. It can measure parameters such as vibration velocity, displacement, and acceleration of an object's surface in real time without contact. Its main function is to receive ultrasonic waves.

[0185] The second part is the laser pulse generator, which is a device that generates short, high-intensity light pulses. It is widely used in various industrial and scientific research fields such as laser marking, cutting, and ranging. Its main function is to use a high-energy laser beam to excite ultrasound.

[0186] The third part is the core holder, whose main function is to fix the core in place so that it will not move during the test.

[0187] See Figure 9 Based on the aforementioned high-resolution ultrasonic testing device for rock samples, this invention provides a specific implementation method for a high-resolution ultrasonic testing method for rock samples, comprising the following steps:

[0188] Ultrasonic testing methods for rock cores generally include two types: transmission testing methods and reflection testing methods. The method provided in this invention belongs to the ultrasonic transmission testing method, that is, ultrasonic waves are excited by a high-energy laser beam on one side of the rock core, and ultrasonic waves are received by a laser vibrometer on the other side of the rock core.

[0189] S1: Secure the core using a core holder and mark a pair of aligned positions on the core to align the laser beam path;

[0190] This invention provides different test observation systems for different test objects:

[0191] The first type: Test object: a semi-cylindrical well core, 140mm in length and 100mm in diameter.

[0192] Test observation system: 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, shot spacing of 1mm, channel spacing of 1mm.

[0193] The second type: Test object: a semi-cylindrical well core, 160mm in length and 100mm in diameter.

[0194] Test observation system: 140 shots, 140 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, shot spacing of 1mm, channel spacing of 1mm.

[0195] The third type: Test object: cylindrical well core, 200mm in length and 100mm in diameter.

[0196] Test observation system: 180 shots, 180 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, shot spacing of 1mm, channel spacing of 1mm.

[0197] The fourth type: Test object: cylindrical well core, 250mm in length and 100mm in diameter.

[0198] Test observation system: 200 shots, 200 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, shot spacing of 1mm, channel spacing of 1mm.

[0199] Fifth type: Test object: cuboid artificial rock core, with length, width and height of 100*50*50mm respectively.

[0200] Test observation system: 80 shots, 80 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, shot spacing of 1mm, channel spacing of 1mm.

[0201] The sixth type: Test object: artificial rock core, 80mm in length and 50mm in diameter.

[0202] Test observation system: 50 shots, 50 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, shot spacing of 1mm, channel spacing of 1mm.

[0203] S2: Move the laser excitation device to align the laser beam with the marked point on one side of the core sample;

[0204] S3: Move the laser vibrometer equipment so that the laser beam is aligned with the marked point on the other side of the core sample;

[0205] S4: Design an observation system according to the test requirements, and move the laser excitation initial point to the initial position of the shot point and the laser receiving point to the initial position of the detector point according to the observation system;

[0206] S5: Begin ultrasonic testing on the core and record waveform data.

[0207] For the test results of the first type of observation object and the test observation system, please refer to Figure 10 For the test results regarding the second type of observation object and the test observation system, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 11 .

[0208] The present invention provides a method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples, comprising:

[0209] Specifically, this invention provides a core ultrasonic testing device that uses a laser as both an excitation source and a receiver. It primarily utilizes a high-energy laser pulse beam to irradiate the core, generating ultrasonic waves, which are then received by a laser vibrometer. This invention provides a core ultrasonic testing device mainly composed of three parts: a laser vibrometer, a laser pulse generator, and a core holder.

[0210] This invention also provides an ultrasonic transmission testing method, which involves exciting ultrasonic waves on one side of a rock core using a high-energy laser beam, and receiving the ultrasonic waves on the other side of the rock core using a laser vibrometer. Specifically, firstly, the relative positions of the exciter, the laser vibrometer, and the rock core are determined according to a preset observation system; then, ultrasonic waves are excited onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is preset in a rock core holder; finally, the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core are recorded using the laser vibrometer.

[0211] Tests revealed that this invention has better adaptability than transducer ultrasonic testing, and is better able to reveal local heterogeneity in core samples, showing certain application potential.

[0212] In summary, this invention provides a method and apparatus for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples using laser excitation and laser reception. Using this invention, ultrasonic testing was performed on multiple well cores and cored cores, obtaining acoustic waveform data for each core. Analyzing the data using different methods revealed the heterogeneous characteristics of the cores, demonstrating the good testing performance of this invention.

[0213] Example 4:

[0214] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a testing device for high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples. The implementation details of this embodiment are described below. The following details are provided for ease of understanding and are not essential for implementing this solution. A schematic diagram of the testing device for high-resolution ultrasonic waves in rock samples in this embodiment can be seen as follows: Figure 12 As shown, there is a position relative relationship determination module 801, an ultrasonic excitation module 802, and a waveform data recording module 803.

[0215] The relative position determination module 801 is used to determine the relative position of the exciter, the laser vibrometer, and the rock core according to the preset observation system;

[0216] The ultrasonic excitation module 802 is used to excite ultrasonic waves onto the rock core via a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder;

[0217] The waveform data recording module 803 is used to record the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves that penetrate the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

[0218] In some embodiments, the waveform data recording module 803 includes:

[0219] A vibration signal measurement unit is used to measure the vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core using the laser vibrometer.

[0220] A vibration signal conversion unit is used to convert the vibration signal into an electrical signal;

[0221] A waveform data drawing unit is used to draw the waveform data of the ultrasonic wave based on the electrical signal.

[0222] In some embodiments, a high-resolution ultrasonic testing apparatus for rock samples further includes:

[0223] The propagation speed calculation module is used to calculate the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data.

[0224] In some embodiments, the propagation speed calculation module includes:

[0225] The first arrival determination unit is used to determine the first arrival of the ultrasonic wave based on the waveform data;

[0226] A propagation velocity calculation unit is used to calculate the propagation velocity based on the initial arrival and the core length.

[0227] In some embodiments, a high-resolution ultrasonic testing apparatus for rock samples further includes:

[0228] The heterogeneity determination module is used to determine the heterogeneity of the core by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core.

[0229] The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

[0230] In some embodiments, the positional relationship determination module 801 includes:

[0231] The first incident point determination unit is used to determine the incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core according to the observation system.

[0232] The first unit for determining the position of the incident point is used to determine the position of the incident point on the other side of the core.

[0233] The first unit for determining the relative position is used to determine the relative position between the exciter and the core based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

[0234] In some embodiments, the position relative relationship determination module 801 further includes:

[0235] The second incident point determination unit is used to determine the incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core according to the observation system.

[0236] The second positioning unit is used to determine the position of the incident point on the other side of the core.

[0237] The second unit for determining the relative position is used to determine the relative position between the laser vibrometer and the rock core based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

[0238] An embodiment of the present invention provides a testing device for high-resolution ultrasonic testing of rock samples, comprising: an initial realization value generation module, used to generate multiple initial realization values ​​of fitting parameters for a tight gas reservoir; wherein the fitting parameters are used to characterize the time-varying features of the tight gas reservoir; an iterative operation module, used to perform the following iterative operations until the posterior distribution of the current parameter field meets the expected value and the initial realization values ​​corresponding to all fitting parameters are assimilated; a parameter length generation module, used to perform historical fitting on multiple current geological models of the tight gas reservoir based on the multiple current realization values ​​to generate a current parameter field; wherein the initial value of the current realization value is the initial realization value, and the current geological model is generated by the current parameter field and the previous geological model; and a posterior distribution calculation module, used to calculate the posterior distribution of the current parameter field.

[0239] This invention takes into account the fact that the probability distribution of the property field of tight gas reservoirs is usually a complex multi-peak distribution, and solves the problem of difficulty in conducting numerical simulations of multi-peak fields. In addition, this invention can realize the simulation of time-varying characteristics of parameters. Tight gas has initiation pressure and stress sensitivity. As mining progresses, the pressure continuously decreases, and formation water is extracted. Initiation pressure and stress sensitivity are quantities that change with time. The fitting method provided by this invention can achieve variable field fitting.

[0240] It is worth mentioning that all modules involved in this embodiment are logical modules. In practical applications, a logical unit can be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or a combination of multiple physical units. Furthermore, to highlight the innovative aspects of this invention, this embodiment does not introduce units that are not closely related to solving the technical problem proposed by this invention; however, this does not mean that other units are absent from this embodiment.

[0241] Example 5:

[0242] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, such as Figure 13 As shown, the electronic device specifically includes the following:

[0243] Processor 1201, memory 1202, communications interface 1203, and bus 1204;

[0244] The processor 1201, memory 1202, and communication interface 1203 communicate with each other via bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission between server-side devices and user-side devices and other related devices.

[0245] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements all the steps in the high-resolution ultrasonic testing method for rock samples in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0246] The relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and rock core are determined according to the preset observation system.

[0247] Ultrasonic waves are excited onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder;

[0248] Waveform data of ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core were recorded using a laser vibrometer.

[0249] In some embodiments, recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer includes:

[0250] The vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core was measured using the laser vibrometer.

[0251] The vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal;

[0252] The waveform data of the ultrasonic wave is plotted based on the electrical signal.

[0253] In some embodiments, a method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves further includes:

[0254] The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core is calculated based on the waveform data.

[0255] In some embodiments, calculating the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data includes:

[0256] The initial arrival of the ultrasonic wave is determined based on the waveform data;

[0257] The propagation velocity is calculated based on the initial arrival and the core length.

[0258] In some embodiments, a method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves further includes:

[0259] The heterogeneity of the core was determined by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core.

[0260] The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

[0261] In some embodiments, determining the relative positions of the exciter and the core according to a preset observation system includes:

[0262] The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system.

[0263] Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0264] The relative positions of the exciter and the core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

[0265] In some embodiments, determining the relative position of the laser vibrometer and the rock core according to a preset observation system includes:

[0266] The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system.

[0267] Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0268] The relative positions of the laser vibrometer and the rock core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

[0269] The memory and processor are connected via a bus, which can include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, connecting various circuits of one or more processors and memories. The bus can also connect various other circuits, such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver can be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Data processed by the processor is transmitted over the wireless medium via an antenna, which further receives data and transmits it to the processor.

[0270] The processor manages the bus and general processing, and also provides various functions, including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. Memory is used to store data used by the processor during operation.

[0271] Example 6:

[0272] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps in the above-described embodiment of the high-resolution ultrasonic testing method for rock samples, the steps including:

[0273] The relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and rock core are determined according to the preset observation system.

[0274] Ultrasonic waves are excited onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder;

[0275] Waveform data of ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core were recorded using a laser vibrometer.

[0276] In some embodiments, recording the waveform data of the ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer includes:

[0277] The vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core was measured using the laser vibrometer.

[0278] The vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal;

[0279] The waveform data of the ultrasonic wave is plotted based on the electrical signal.

[0280] In some embodiments, a method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves further includes:

[0281] The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core is calculated based on the waveform data.

[0282] In some embodiments, calculating the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data includes:

[0283] The initial arrival of the ultrasonic wave is determined based on the waveform data;

[0284] The propagation velocity is calculated based on the initial arrival and the core length.

[0285] In some embodiments, a method for testing rock samples using high-resolution ultrasonic waves further includes:

[0286] The heterogeneity of the core was determined by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core.

[0287] The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

[0288] In some embodiments, determining the relative positions of the exciter and the core according to a preset observation system includes:

[0289] The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system.

[0290] Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0291] The relative positions of the exciter and the core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

[0292] In some embodiments, determining the relative position of the laser vibrometer and the rock core according to a preset observation system includes:

[0293] The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system.

[0294] Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample;

[0295] The relative positions of the laser vibrometer and the rock core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

[0296] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, hardware + program embodiments are relatively simple in description because they are fundamentally similar to method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0297] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0298] While this invention provides method operation steps as shown in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only possible execution order. In actual device or client product execution, the method can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or drawings or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0299] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0300] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0301] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0302] Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of testing a rock sample with high resolution ultrasonic waves, characterized by, include: The relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and rock core are determined according to the preset observation system. Ultrasonic waves are excited onto the rock core using a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder; Waveform data of ultrasonic waves penetrating the rock core were recorded using a laser vibrometer.

2. The test method of claim 1, wherein, The recording of ultrasonic waveform data penetrating the rock core using a laser vibrometer includes: The vibration signal of the ultrasonic wave on the rock core was measured using the laser vibrometer. The vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal; The waveform data of the ultrasonic wave is plotted based on the electrical signal.

3. The test method of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core is calculated based on the waveform data.

4. The test method of claim 3, wherein, Calculating the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the rock core based on the waveform data includes: The initial arrival of the ultrasonic wave is determined based on the waveform data; The propagation velocity is calculated based on the initial arrival and the core length.

5. The test method of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The heterogeneity of the core was determined by recording the waveform data of ultrasonic waves at different locations in the core. The observation system consists of 100 shots, 100 receiver channels, 2000 sampling points, a sampling interval of 0.1 microseconds, a shot spacing of 1mm, and a channel spacing of 1mm.

6. The test method of claim 1, wherein, Determining the relative positions of the exciter and the core according to the preset observation system includes: The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system. Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample; The relative positions of the exciter and the core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave.

7. The test method of claim 1, wherein, Determining the relative position of the laser vibrometer and the rock core according to the preset observation system includes: The incident point of the ultrasonic wave on one side of the core is determined according to the observation system. Determine the exact position opposite the incident point on the other side of the core sample; The relative positions of the laser vibrometer and the rock core are determined based on the incident point, the facing position, and the ultrasonic incident direction of the laser vibrometer.

8. A device for testing a rock sample with high resolution ultrasonic waves, characterized in that, include: The relative position determination module is used to determine the relative positions of the exciter, laser vibrometer, and rock core according to the preset observation system; An ultrasonic excitation module is used to excite ultrasonic waves onto a rock core via a laser pulse generator; wherein the rock core is pre-set in a rock core holder; The waveform data recording module is used to record the waveform data of ultrasonic waves that penetrate the rock core using a laser vibrometer.

9. An electronic device, comprising: include: At least one processor; as well as, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the high-resolution ultrasonic testing method for rock samples as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for testing high-resolution ultrasonic waves of rock samples as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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