An observation system parameter optimization method, device, equipment, medium and program

Abstract

This application relates to a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and computer program for optimizing the parameters of an observation system. The method includes: acquiring seismic data from a preset seismic observation system; dividing the seismic data into source-receiver offset vector slices to obtain source-receiver offset vector slice gathers; performing pre-stack migration on the source-receiver offset vector slice gathers to obtain source-receiver offset vector slice migrated gathers; performing selective stacking on the source-receiver offset vector slice migrated gathers to obtain stacked response data; and performing qualitative and quantitative analysis on the stacked response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system. This application improves the parameter optimization capability of seismic observation systems and the efficiency of selective stacking calculations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, medium, and program for optimizing observation system parameters. Background Technology

[0002] The seismic observation system is a core factor affecting the quality and cost of seismic data acquisition. Selecting the optimal observation system is one of the most critical issues in seismic acquisition. Different acquisition parameters have a significant impact on the quality and cost of seismic data. For example, high-coverage data has a higher signal-to-noise ratio than low-coverage data, but the acquisition cost also increases exponentially. Therefore, conducting observation system optimization experiments on the acquired data before seismic data acquisition to select the acquisition parameters with the highest cost-effectiveness is the most effective and reliable method for observation system selection in seismic data acquisition technology.

[0003] Existing technologies for optimizing observation systems typically involve designing multiple optimized observation systems, then removing data that does not belong to the optimized observation system from the unoptimized data, performing pre-stack migration on the optimized data, and finally comparing and analyzing the processing results of multiple different optimization schemes to select the optimal acquisition parameters with high cost-effectiveness. Each parameter test requires running a co-offset pre-stack migration, which involves a large amount of computation and high testing costs. Furthermore, the degradation test scheme is sometimes difficult to implement in the field, further reducing the reliability of the test results.

[0004] Therefore, how to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters and improve the efficiency of channel selection and overlay calculation has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and program for optimizing observation system parameters to address the problems of insufficient accuracy in parameters acquired by seismic observation systems and poor efficiency in trace selection and overlay calculations.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a method for optimizing observation system parameters, including:

[0007] Seismic data from a preset seismic observation system is acquired, and the seismic data is divided into shot-receiver offset vector slices to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers.

[0008] The pre-stack offset of the shot-receiver distance vector slice gather is performed to obtain the shot-receiver distance vector slice offset gather.

[0009] The offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slices is selected and superimposed to obtain superimposed response data;

[0010] Qualitative and quantitative analysis is performed on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of dividing the seismic data into shot-receiver offset vector slices to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers includes:

[0012] The earthquake data is preprocessed to obtain the target data;

[0013] The target data is sorted into cross-shaped channel sets;

[0014] The cross-shaped gather is equally spaced according to the preset shot distance and receiver distance to obtain multiple shot-receiver distance vector pieces.

[0015] Multiple shot-receiver distance vector slices in the same direction from the cross-shaped arrangement are aggregated into a shot-receiver distance vector slice set.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pre-stack offset of the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather includes:

[0017] The shot-receiver distance vector patch gather is corrected to the reference surface with a common center point to obtain the common shot-receiver distance vector patch dataset;

[0018] Calculate the travel time of the common shot detection vector patch dataset at the common center point;

[0019] Extract the amplitude value corresponding to the common shot distance vector patch dataset at the travel time;

[0020] Based on the travel time and the amplitude value, the common gun-receiver distance vector patch dataset is offset using a preset Kirchhoff integral method to obtain the offset trace set of the gun-receiver distance vector patch.

[0021] In some embodiments, correcting the shot-receiver distance vector patch gather to a reference surface with a common center point to obtain a common shot-receiver distance vector patch dataset includes:

[0022] Determine the acquisition parameters of the preset seismic observation system;

[0023] Calculate the high-frequency static correction values ​​for each preset shot point and each preset receiver point in the seismic observation system based on the acquisition parameters.

[0024] The common shot-receiver distance vector slice dataset is obtained by superimposing the high-frequency static correction values ​​of each shot point and each receiver point.

[0025] In some embodiments, the step of performing channel selection and stacking on the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slices to obtain stacked response data includes:

[0026] Generate a corresponding azimuth distribution view of gather data based on the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slice;

[0027] The offset gathers of the shot-receiver distance vector slices are superimposed according to the preset superposition parameters in the azimuth distribution view of the gather data to obtain superimposed response data.

[0028] In some embodiments, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system includes:

[0029] The superimposed response data is qualitatively classified to obtain qualitative analysis results;

[0030] The qualitative analysis results are processed and analyzed according to a preset quantitative analysis algorithm to obtain quantitative analysis results.

[0031] The optimal acquisition parameters for the earthquake observation system are selected based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis results.

[0032] Secondly, this application provides an observation system parameter optimization device, comprising:

[0033] The vector slice partitioning module is used to acquire seismic data from a preset seismic observation system, partition the seismic data into shot-receiver offset vector slices, and obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers.

[0034] The pre-stack offset module is used to perform pre-stack offset on the shot-receiver distance vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver distance vector slice offset gather.

[0035] The trajectory selection and overlay module is used to perform trajectory selection and overlay on the offset trajectory set of the shot-receiver distance vector slice to obtain overlay response data;

[0036] The data analysis module is used to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system.

[0037] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0038] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above aspects.

[0039] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the methods described above.

[0040] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and program for optimizing observation system parameters. By preprocessing seismic data to obtain target data, the readability and accuracy of the seismic data are improved. Dividing the target data into source-receiver offset vector patches allows for a more ordered and easier-to-process format, reducing redundancy and duplication in the data processing process and significantly improving efficiency. Pre-stack migration of the source-receiver offset vector patch gathers accurately locates tilt reflections, enabling diffracted wave convergence and thus improving spatial resolution. Stacking seismic traces within a specific offset range significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data, improving the accuracy of subsurface reflections. The seismic interface is more clearly identifiable; in addition, the overlaid response data provides richer geological information, which helps to more accurately identify stratigraphic structure and lithological characteristics. This not only improves the accuracy of seismic data interpretation but also provides more reliable data support for subsequent oil and gas exploration and development decisions. Through qualitative classification and quantitative analysis, the quality of seismic data can be more accurately assessed, thereby selecting the optimal acquisition parameters, which helps to reduce noise and interference in the data and improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. The selection of optimal acquisition parameters can ensure that the seismic observation system acquires high-quality seismic data, thereby more accurately reflecting the information of the underground geological structure and improving exploration efficiency and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The present application will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an observation system parameter optimization method provided in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of shot-receiver distance vector patch division provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the functional modules of an observation system parameter optimization device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for an observation system parameter optimization method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts are referred to by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, and to fully understand and implement the process of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. The embodiments of this application and the various features within them can be combined with each other without conflict, and the resulting technical solutions are all within the protection scope of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0049] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0050] This application provides a method for optimizing observation system parameters. The execution entity of this method includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a server, a terminal, or other electronic devices configured to execute the system provided in this application. In other words, the method can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device. The server includes, but is not limited to, a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cluster of cloud servers. The server can be an independent server or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDNs), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an observation system parameter optimization method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the observation system parameter optimization method includes:

[0053] S1. Obtain seismic data from a preset seismic observation system, and divide the seismic data into shot-receiver offset vector slices to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic observation system typically consists of a series of seismic sources (such as explosive detonation, air gun excitation, etc.) and receivers (such as seismographs) arranged on the ground surface, arranged according to a predetermined layout to cover the target exploration area, and relevant seismic data is acquired by setting acquisition parameters.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, programming languages ​​such as Python and Java can be used to connect to a preset earthquake observation system via the HTTP protocol, and send HTTP requests to obtain earthquake data at any time within a reference time period, thereby obtaining the earthquake data.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of dividing the seismic data into shot-receiver offset vector slices to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers includes:

[0057] The earthquake data is preprocessed to obtain the target data;

[0058] The target data is sorted into cross-shaped channel sets;

[0059] The cross-shaped gather is equally spaced according to the preset shot distance and receiver distance to obtain multiple shot-receiver distance vector pieces.

[0060] Multiple shot-receiver distance vector slices in the same direction from the cross-shaped arrangement are aggregated into a shot-receiver distance vector slice set.

[0061] In detail, the cross-shaped gather refers to the arrangement of seismic sources and receivers on the surface according to certain rules in seismic exploration, forming a grid-like layout. When the seismic source excites seismic waves, the signals received by the receiver are arranged according to the relative positions of the seismic source and the receiver, forming a cross-shaped gather. The shot distance refers to the distance between adjacent seismic sources. The detector distance refers to the distance between adjacent receivers.

[0062] Furthermore, the shot-receiver offset vector slice refers to a subset of data obtained by equally dividing seismic data in a cross-shaped trace set according to the shot distance and receiver distance. Each shot-receiver offset vector slice contains seismic traces with similar shot-receiver offsets. The shot-receiver offset vector slice set refers to a dataset formed by combining multiple shot-receiver offset vector slices in the same direction in the cross-shaped trace set. The shot-receiver offset vector slice set helps to analyze the propagation characteristics of seismic waves under different shot-receiver offsets and different azimuth angles, and thus infer the structure and properties of the subsurface medium.

[0063] The seismic data preprocessing includes data denoising to obtain target data, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and readability. The target data is then sorted into cross-shaped gathers. Each cross-shaped gather is divided into multiple rectangles based on equal distances between the shot distance and receiver distance. Each rectangle is a vector slice, i.e., a shot-receiver distance vector slice. Each shot-receiver distance vector slice has offset and azimuth information. Vector slices in the same direction from all cross-shaped gathers are extracted together to form a vector slice gather, i.e., a shot-receiver distance vector slice gather.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, for example, the target data is sorted into cross-shaped gathers to obtain cross-shaped data domains. Each cross-shaped data domain is then divided into multiple small rectangles at equal intervals based on a shot distance of 160m and a receiver distance of 160m. Figure 1 As shown, the vertical direction (Y) is the direction of the receiver line and the horizontal direction (X) is the direction of the shot line. The data is divided according to the shot line distance and the receiver line distance, forming multiple small rectangles with a side length of 160m. Each small rectangle can be regarded as a shot-receiver distance vector sheet unit with a limited range of offset distance and azimuth angle. The vector sheets with the same azimuth in all the cross-shaped arrays are extracted together to form a vector sheet set. The vector sheet division of the data is completed by sorting all the vector sheets with the same azimuth.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, target data is obtained by preprocessing seismic data, which improves the readability and accuracy of seismic data. Dividing the target data into shot-receiver distance vector slices can organize it into a more orderly and easier-to-process form, which helps to reduce redundancy and duplication in the data processing process, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of data processing.

[0066] S2. Perform pre-stack offset on the shot-receiver distance vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver distance vector slice offset gather.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, the pre-stack migration refers to repositioning the tilted reflection waves and diffracted waves of seismic data to the actual subsurface interface location, thereby improving spatial resolution. Kirchhoff integral method is often used for pre-stack migration to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice migration gathers.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing pre-stack offset on the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather includes:

[0069] The shot-receiver distance vector patch gather is corrected to the reference surface with a common center point to obtain the common shot-receiver distance vector patch dataset;

[0070] Calculate the travel time of the common shot detection vector patch dataset at the common center point;

[0071] Extract the amplitude value corresponding to the common shot distance vector patch dataset at the travel time;

[0072] Based on the travel time and the amplitude value, the common gun-receiver distance vector patch dataset is offset using a preset Kirchhoff integral method to obtain the offset trace set of the gun-receiver distance vector patch.

[0073] In detail, the common mid-point (CMP) refers to the midpoint of the line connecting the source and receiver in geological exploration. The reference surface of the common mid-point is a virtual plane used to correct seismic data onto this plane for subsequent processing and analysis. Each data point in the common shot-receiver offset vector patch dataset corresponds to a specific shot-receiver offset and a common mid-point. The travel time refers to the time required for seismic data to propagate from the source to the receiver, reflecting the propagation speed and path of seismic data in the subsurface medium. The amplitude value reflects the intensity and energy of the seismic data.

[0074] Among them, the Kirchhoff integral method is a commonly used seismic data migration method. Based on the wave equation and the principles of physical seismology, it migrates seismic data from its original location to the actual subsurface interface location by calculating the propagation path and travel time of seismic data in the subsurface medium.

[0075] Furthermore, by calculating the difference between the coordinates of each seismic data in the common shot offset vector slice dataset and the coordinates of the shot point and the receiver point, the time series is obtained, which is the travel time. Based on the calculated travel time, a time window is determined, which includes the time range of the reflected wave arrival. Within the determined travel time window, the amplitude value of the corresponding time point is extracted from the common shot offset vector slice dataset, which can be determined by measuring the waveform peak value (maximum positive value) or waveform trough value (maximum negative value).

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of correcting the shot-receiver distance vector patch gather to a reference surface with a common center point to obtain a common shot-receiver distance vector patch dataset includes:

[0077] Determine the acquisition parameters of the preset seismic observation system;

[0078] Calculate the high-frequency static correction values ​​for each preset shot point and each preset receiver point in the seismic observation system based on the acquisition parameters.

[0079] The common shot-receiver distance vector slice dataset is obtained by superimposing the high-frequency static correction values ​​of each shot point and each receiver point.

[0080] In detail, the seismic observation system acquires parameters including shot point coordinates, receiver point coordinates, sampling rate, and recording length, which determine the quality and resolution of the seismic data. The high-frequency static correction refers to the effect of static correction on seismic waves during propagation due to factors such as surface topography and inhomogeneity of the subsurface medium during seismic exploration. It is obtained by calculating the difference between the coordinate distance from the shot point coordinates to the preset unified horizontal reference surface and the coordinate distance of the common center point gather corresponding to the shot point. The high-frequency static correction of the receiver point can be obtained by calculating the difference between the coordinate distance from the receiver point coordinates to the unified horizontal reference surface and the coordinate distance of the common center point gather corresponding to the receiver point.

[0081] Furthermore, for each shot point, its corresponding high-frequency static correction is superimposed on all shot-receiver range gathers associated with that shot point; for each receiver point, its corresponding high-frequency static correction is also superimposed on all shot-receiver range gathers associated with that receiver point, thereby obtaining the corrected common shot-receiver range vector patch dataset, which is the basis for subsequent pre-stack migration processing.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, Kirchhoff integral formula is used to integrate the common shot-receiver offset dataset. The integral value is used as the reflection amplitude of the imaging point, which reflects the reflection intensity of the underground reflection interface. A preliminary image of the underground geological structure is obtained through integral calculation, and the tilted reflections are repositioned to their true underground interface positions. During the migration process, the preliminary common shot-receiver offset vector patch dataset is adjusted and optimized according to the propagation path of the seismic data and the position of the reflection point to obtain the final shot-receiver offset vector patch migration gather.

[0083] In this embodiment of the invention, by performing pre-stack migration on the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather, tilted reflections can be accurately repositioned, diffracted waves can converge, thereby improving spatial resolution. At the same time, the migrated data can more realistically reflect the underground structural morphology, providing strong support for complex geological interpretation and reservoir prediction, and improving the imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of seismic data.

[0084] S3. Perform channel selection and superposition on the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slice to obtain superimposed response data.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, the selected overlay refers to the process of selecting specific overlay parameters, such as the offset range, from the offset trace set of shot-receiver offset vector slices for overlay, in order to enhance the reflection signal of seismic waves, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and thus make it easier to identify underground geological structures.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing selective overlay on the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slice to obtain overlay response data includes:

[0087] Generate a corresponding azimuth distribution view of gather data based on the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slice;

[0088] The offset gathers of the shot-receiver distance vector slices are superimposed according to the preset superposition parameters in the azimuth distribution view of the gather data to obtain superimposed response data.

[0089] In detail, the azimuth distribution view of the gather data refers to a visual representation generated by computer processing of the data in the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather. This view displays seismic trace data under different offsets and azimuths. The stacking parameters include start azimuth, end azimuth, start offset, and end offset, which define which seismic traces will be selected and participate in the stacking.

[0090] Furthermore, the data of each trace in the offset trace set of the shot-receiver offset vector slice are statistically analyzed to determine the maximum offset distance. The shot point and receiver point positions of each seismic trace are determined based on the common center point position and the azimuth of each seismic trace. An azimuth distribution view of the trace set corresponding to the offset trace set is generated based on the shot point and receiver point positions of each seismic trace. The superposition parameters in the azimuth distribution view of the trace set data are obtained. For example, the start azimuth and end azimuth are modified by dragging the two radii of the preset sector, and the start offset distance and end offset distance are adjusted by dragging the two arcs of the preset sector.

[0091] Further, the azimuth and offset of each trace gather point are read one by one from the azimuth distribution view of the trace gather data. The azimuth and offset of each trace gather point are compared with the stacking parameters. One or more trace gather points within the range defined by the stacking parameters are determined from the trace gather points. The determined one or more trace gather points are used as stacking trace gather points. The stacking trace gather points are then stacked, such as by weighted averaging of the seismic trace data, to obtain the stacked response data.

[0092] In this embodiment of the invention, by superimposing seismic traces within a specific offset range, the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data can be significantly improved, making the subsurface reflection interface clearer and more identifiable. In addition, the superimposed response data also provides richer geological information, which helps to more accurately identify stratigraphic structure and lithological characteristics. This technique not only improves the accuracy of seismic data interpretation, but also provides more reliable data support for subsequent oil and gas exploration and development decisions.

[0093] S4. Perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system.

[0094] In this embodiment of the invention, by conducting in-depth qualitative and quantitative analysis of the superimposed response data, the data quality of the seismic observation system under different acquisition parameters can be accurately evaluated. Qualitative analysis focuses on the description and classification of data characteristics, while quantitative analysis uses mathematical and statistical methods to extract key information. The optimal combination of acquisition parameters is selected by combining the two analysis methods.

[0095] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing qualitative and quantitative analysis on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system includes:

[0096] The superimposed response data is qualitatively classified to obtain qualitative analysis results;

[0097] The qualitative analysis results are processed and analyzed according to a preset quantitative analysis algorithm to obtain quantitative analysis results.

[0098] The optimal acquisition parameters for the earthquake observation system are selected based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis results.

[0099] In detail, qualitative analysis is performed on the superimposed response data, classifying it according to certain standards or characteristics. For example, the data can be divided into different levels or categories based on characteristics such as amplitude, frequency, and phase, thereby obtaining qualitative analysis results. The preset quantitative analysis algorithm includes amplitude analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis, signal-to-noise ratio analysis, etc. Numerical calculations and statistical analyses are performed on the superimposed response data to obtain key information in the seismic data, i.e., quantitative analysis results, such as the impact of coverage times and signal-to-noise ratio on data quality. Finally, by comparing data quality indicators (such as amplitude, frequency, signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) under different parameter combinations, the optimal acquisition parameters are selected.

[0100] In one embodiment, the seismic observation system covers an area of ​​200 km² in a certain work zone. 2A coverage degradation experiment based on offset gathers was conducted with 320 coverage iterations. This involved dividing the shot-receiver offset vector sheet and performing pre-stack migration to obtain offset gathers. 100, 120, 140...320 offset gathers were randomly selected from these and stacked to obtain 12 sets of degraded coverage data. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of these 12 sets of data was extracted, and a curve showing the SNR changing with the number of coverage iterations was obtained by plotting the number of coverage iterations on the x-axis and the SNR on the y-axis. The inflection points of the curves were analyzed, acquisition costs were calculated, and the optimal number of coverage iterations was selected. The degradation experiment for 12 observation systems involved one pre-stack migration, with a total time cost of 100,000 RMB. The entire degradation test for the 12 systems was completed in 3 days. This method significantly improves stacking efficiency and allows for the fastest acquisition of optimal parameters.

[0101] In one embodiment, the seismic observation system covers an area of ​​200 km² in a certain work zone. 2 The coverage was repeated 320 times, and a degradation test based on the offset of the shot-receiver distance vector sheet was conducted. Degraded superimposed data with an arrangement length of 8000 meters and 400 channels per line was obtained. The first and 20th rows of the shot-receiver distance vector sheet superimposed data were discarded, resulting in a degraded superimposed data with an arrangement length of 7200 meters and 360 channels per line. The first, second, 19th, and 20th rows of the superimposed data were discarded, resulting in a degraded superimposed data with an arrangement length of 6400 meters and 320 channels per line. The first, second, third, 18th, 19th, and 20th rows of the superimposed data were discarded, resulting in a degraded superimposed data with an arrangement length of 5600 meters and 280 channels per line. The last, third, fourth, 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th rows of the superimposed data were discarded, resulting in a degraded superimposed data with an arrangement length of 4800 meters and 240 channels per line. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) attribute of these five sets of superimposed response data is extracted, the imaging quality is compared and analyzed, the acquisition cost is calculated, and the optimal arrangement length and number of receiving channels are selected as the optimal acquisition parameters.

[0102] In this embodiment of the invention, qualitative grading and quantitative analysis can more accurately assess the quality of seismic data, thereby selecting the optimal acquisition parameters. This helps to reduce noise and interference in the data and improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. The selection of the optimal acquisition parameters can ensure that the seismic observation system acquires high-quality seismic data, thereby more accurately reflecting the information of underground geological structures and improving exploration efficiency and accuracy.

[0103] This invention improves the readability and accuracy of seismic data by preprocessing it to obtain target data. Dividing the target data into source-receiver offset vector patches allows for a more organized and easier-to-process format, reducing redundancy and duplication in data processing and significantly improving efficiency. Pre-stack migration of the source-receiver offset vector patch gathers accurately locates tilted reflections, leading to diffraction wave convergence and improved spatial resolution. Stacking seismic traces within a specific offset range significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the seismic data, making subsurface reflection interfaces clearer. Furthermore, the stacked response data provides richer geological information, aiding in the more accurate identification of stratigraphic structures and lithological characteristics. This not only improves the accuracy of seismic data interpretation but also provides more reliable data support for subsequent oil and gas exploration and development decisions. Qualitative and quantitative analysis allows for a more accurate assessment of seismic data quality, enabling the selection of optimal acquisition parameters, reducing noise and interference, and improving SNR and resolution. The selection of optimal acquisition parameters ensures that the seismic observation system acquires high-quality seismic data, more accurately reflecting subsurface geological structure information and improving exploration efficiency and accuracy.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a functional block diagram of an observation system parameter optimization device 100 provided in this embodiment.

[0106] The observation system parameter optimization device 100 described in this invention can be installed in an electronic device. Depending on the functions implemented, the observation system parameter optimization device 100 may include a vector slice partitioning module 101, a pre-stack offset module 102, a channel selection and stacking module 103, and a data analysis module 104. The module described in this invention can also be called a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, and are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0107] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows:

[0108] The vector slice partitioning module 101 is used to acquire seismic data from a preset seismic observation system, partition the seismic data into shot-receiver distance vector slices, and obtain shot-receiver distance vector slice gathers.

[0109] The pre-stack offset module 102 is used to perform pre-stack offset on the shot-receiver distance vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver distance vector slice offset gather.

[0110] The course selection and overlay module 103 is used to perform course selection and overlay on the offset course set of the shot-receiver distance vector slice to obtain overlay response data;

[0111] The data analysis module 104 is used to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system.

[0112] Example 3

[0113] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for an observation system parameter optimization method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0114] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0115] In some embodiments of this example, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0116] In some embodiments of this example, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0117] The processor may include, but is not limited to, one or more processors or microprocessors. Each processor may be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component, for executing the methods in the above embodiments.

[0118] Computer-readable storage media can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, and computer storage media (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, solid-state drives, removable disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, Blu-ray discs, etc.).

[0119] Computer-readable storage media may also store at least one computer-executable program, such as computer-readable instructions. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. Computer-readable storage media may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be connected to a computing device such as a computer, and then, when the computing device executes the computer-readable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the various methods described above can be performed.

[0120] In addition, the computer device may include (but is not limited to) a data bus, an input / output (I / O) bus, a display, and input / output devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, speakers, etc.).

[0121] The processor can communicate with external devices via the communication interface of the I / O bus through wired or wireless networks.

[0122] In one embodiment, the at least one computer-executable instruction may also be compiled into or comprise a software product / computer program product, wherein one or more computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to perform the steps of the various functions and / or methods in the embodiments described herein.

[0123] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0124] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element limited by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0125] Although the embodiments disclosed in this application are as described above, the above content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this application; however, the scope of patent protection of this application shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An observation system parameter optimization method, characterized by, The method includes: Seismic data from a preset seismic observation system is acquired, and the seismic data is divided into shot-receiver offset vector slices to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers. The pre-stack offset of the shot-receiver distance vector slice gather is performed to obtain the shot-receiver distance vector slice offset gather. The offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slices is selected and superimposed to obtain superimposed response data; Qualitative and quantitative analysis is performed on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The process of dividing the seismic data into shot-receiver offset vector slices to obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers includes: The earthquake data is preprocessed to obtain the target data; The target data is sorted into cross-shaped channel sets; The cross-shaped gather is divided into multiple shot-receiver distance vector pieces by equidistantly dividing the preset shot distance and receiver distance. Multiple shot-receiver distance vector slices in the same direction from the cross-shaped arrangement are aggregated into a shot-receiver distance vector slice set.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein The step of performing pre-stack offset on the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver offset vector slice gather includes: The shot-receiver distance vector patch gather is corrected to the reference surface with a common center point to obtain the common shot-receiver distance vector patch dataset; Calculate the travel time of the common shot detection vector patch dataset at the common center point; Extract the amplitude value corresponding to the common shot distance vector patch dataset at the travel time; Based on the travel time and the amplitude value, the common gun-receiver distance vector patch dataset is offset using a preset Kirchhoff integral method to obtain the offset trace set of the gun-receiver distance vector patch.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein The step of correcting the shot-receiver distance vector patch gather to a reference surface with a common center point to obtain a common shot-receiver distance vector patch dataset includes: Determine the acquisition parameters of the preset seismic observation system; Calculate the high-frequency static correction values ​​for each preset shot point and each preset receiver point in the seismic observation system based on the acquisition parameters. The common shot-receiver distance vector slice dataset is obtained by superimposing the high-frequency static correction values ​​of each shot point and each receiver point.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein The process of selecting and stacking the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slice to obtain stacked response data includes: Generate a corresponding azimuth distribution view of gather data based on the offset gather of the shot-receiver distance vector slice; The offset gathers of the shot-receiver distance vector slices are superimposed according to the preset superposition parameters in the azimuth distribution view of the gather data to obtain superimposed response data.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system includes: The superimposed response data is qualitatively classified to obtain qualitative analysis results; The qualitative analysis results are processed and analyzed according to a preset quantitative analysis algorithm to obtain quantitative analysis results. The optimal acquisition parameters for the earthquake observation system are selected based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis results.

7. A device for optimizing observation system parameters, characterized in that, The device includes: The vector slice partitioning module is used to acquire seismic data from a preset seismic observation system, partition the seismic data into shot-receiver offset vector slices, and obtain shot-receiver offset vector slice gathers. The pre-stack offset module is used to perform pre-stack offset on the shot-receiver distance vector slice gather to obtain the shot-receiver distance vector slice offset gather. The trajectory selection and overlay module is used to perform trajectory selection and overlay on the offset trajectory set of the shot-receiver distance vector slice to obtain overlay response data; The data analysis module is used to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the superimposed response data to obtain the optimal acquisition parameters of the seismic observation system.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, wherein the computer program comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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