A compound substrate for phalaenopsis cultivation and application

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation technology, specifically relating to a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation and its application, comprising: sphagnum moss and fermented material, wherein the fermented material includes at least one of wolfberry branch fermented material and Caragana korshinskii branch fermented material; the volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is (5-7):(4-6). Experiments show that using the composite substrate of this application to cultivate Phalaenopsis orchids can promote healthy plant growth. Compared with pure sphagnum moss cultivation, the plant height of Phalaenopsis orchids increased by 15.03%, leaf width increased by 25.42%, and the number of flowers increased by 64.7%; and there was no significant difference in flower diameter, internode length, stem thickness, leaf length, leaf width, pedicel length, and pedicel thickness compared with sphagnum moss cultivation. At the same time, it greatly reduces the proportion of sphagnum moss used and the planting cost, and can realize the resource utilization of regional agricultural and forestry waste, promoting the development of ecological circular agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation technology, specifically relating to a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Phalaenopsis orchids, renowned for their beautiful flower shape, vibrant colors, and long blooming period, are hailed as the "Queen of Orchids," possessing extremely high ornamental and economic value. They are currently the best-selling high-end New Year's flower in China. As epiphytic orchids, their fleshy roots require a loose, well-aerated, and well-drained environment. Currently, the main substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation in China is sphagnum moss (sphagnum peat moss). While sphagnum moss has excellent aeration and water retention, it is a non-renewable resource, and high-quality sphagnum moss is mainly imported, resulting in high prices. Furthermore, it is prone to rotting, acidification, and decreased aeration after a period of use, requiring regular replacement and leading to high cultivation costs. Therefore, finding a low-cost, high-performance, and environmentally friendly cultivation substrate that can replace or partially replace sphagnum moss is an important direction for the sustainable development of the Phalaenopsis orchid industry.

[0003] Northwest China, including Ningxia, possesses abundant agricultural and forestry waste resources, such as wolfberry branches, grape branches, apple branches, and caragana branches. Currently, these resources are mostly incinerated or discarded, resulting in resource waste and environmental pressure. Utilizing them as plant cultivation substrates has significant economic and ecological value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, this application provides a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation and its application, in order to solve the problems of high planting costs and waste of regional agricultural and forestry resources in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution to the above-mentioned technical problems in this application is as follows: A composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, comprising: Sphagnum moss and fermentation material, wherein the fermentation material includes at least one of wolfberry branch fermentation material and caragana branch fermentation material; The volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is (5-7):(4-6).

[0006] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, the volume ratio of sphagnum moss to fermented material is 6:(4-6).

[0007] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, the fermented material is a mixture of wolfberry branch fermented material and caragana branch fermented material, and the volume ratio of the wolfberry branch fermented material to the caragana branch fermented material is (2-3):(1-3).

[0008] Preferably, in the above-mentioned composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, the volume ratio of the fermented wolfberry branch material and the fermented caragana branch material is 1:1.

[0009] Application of a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, wherein Phalaenopsis orchids are cultivated using a composite substrate as described in any of the above claims.

[0010] Preferably, in the application of the above-mentioned composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, before Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, the composite substrate is soaked in a carbendazim solution, then taken out, squeezed dry until no water drips, and shaken apart for later use.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following advantages: This application provides a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation and its application, comprising: sphagnum moss and fermented material, wherein the fermented material includes at least one of wolfberry branch fermented material and Caragana korshinskii branch fermented material; the volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is (5-7):(4-6). Experiments show that using the composite substrate of this application to cultivate Phalaenopsis orchids can promote healthy plant growth. Compared with pure sphagnum moss cultivation, the plant height of Phalaenopsis orchids increased by 15.03%, leaf width increased by 25.42%, and the number of flowers increased by 64.7%; and there were no significant differences in flower diameter, internode length, stem thickness, leaf length, leaf width, pedicel length, and pedicel thickness compared with sphagnum moss cultivation.

[0012] When the composite substrate of this application is used for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, the cost per 3.5-inch cup pot is reduced by 67.13% compared to domestically produced sphagnum moss, significantly reducing the proportion of sphagnum moss used and planting costs. Simultaneously, it achieves resource utilization of regional agricultural and forestry waste, promoting the development of ecological circular agriculture. Furthermore, in Northwest China, especially Ningxia, the planting area of ​​wolfberry and Caragana korshinskii is extensive. Wolfberry branches and Caragana korshinskii branches are readily available materials, possessing characteristics such as environmental friendliness, sustainability, and renewable resources. This invention transforms them into Phalaenopsis orchid substrate raw materials, effectively reducing the proportion of sphagnum moss used while avoiding environmental pollution from burning branches, achieving a win-win situation for both ecological and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 The effects of planting in different substrates on the flowering of Phalaenopsis orchids.

[0014] Figure 2 The effects of planting in different substrates on Phalaenopsis orchid stems. Detailed Implementation

[0015] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of this invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention, and this invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods described below.

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0017] In one specific embodiment of this application, a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation includes: sphagnum moss and fermented material, wherein the fermented material includes at least one of wolfberry branch fermented material and Caragana korshinskii branch fermented material; the volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is (5-7):(4-6). Further, the volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is 6:(4-6).

[0018] The wolfberry branch fermentation material of this application is made from fermented wolfberry branches, specifically the branches of Lycium chinense Miller, a deciduous shrub belonging to the Solanaceae family. The fermentation method is prepared in accordance with the invention patent application number 201210165495.4. Specifically, the wolfberry branches are crushed into 1-3cm pieces, moistened with water, and then organic fertilizer, urea, and enzyme preparation (carboxymethyl cellulose endopeptidase or carboxymethyl cellulose exopeptidase) are added. The mixture is then piled up for fermentation at an ambient temperature of 10°C to 40°C. When the temperature at the center of the pile exceeds 70°C, the pile is turned over. Fermentation is completed when the temperature at the center of the pile drops to near the ambient temperature, thus obtaining the wolfberry branch fermentation material.

[0019] The fermented Caragana twig material of this application is made from fermented Caragana twigs, wherein Caragana twigs (Caragana akershinskii) belong to the genus Caragana of the family Leguminosae. Caragana Caragana korshinskii, also known as hairy shrub or white caragana, is a deciduous shrub belonging to the genus Caragana in the legume family. The preparation method of fermented Caragana korshinskii branches is based on the invention patent application number 200910117609.6. Specifically, Caragana korshinskii branches are crushed, moistened with water, and mixed with organic fertilizer, urea, wheat bran, and bio-infectant (sawdust fermentation aid or straw fermentation aid). The mixture is then piled up for fermentation at an ambient temperature of 10°C to 40°C. When the temperature at the center of the pile exceeds 65°C, the pile is turned over. Fermentation is completed when the temperature at the center of the pile drops to near the ambient temperature, yielding fermented Caragana korshinskii branches.

[0020] In this application, the fermented materials obtained from wolfberry branches and caragana branches are loose and fibrous, breathable yet water-retaining, rich in trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and have a mild fertilizing effect that does not burn the roots. Furthermore, their slightly acidic nature is perfectly suited to the slightly acidic growing environment of Phalaenopsis orchids. Adding the fermented material to sphagnum moss as a cultivation substrate for Phalaenopsis orchids significantly improves plant height, leaf width, and stem diameter. In particular, the most significant improvement is seen when a mixture of fermented wolfberry and caragana branch materials is added to the sphagnum moss, resulting in the most significant increase in plant height, leaf thickness, flower diameter, and number of flowers. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in flower diameter, internode length, stalk length, and stalk diameter compared to cultivation using sphagnum moss alone. This indicates that sphagnum moss can partially replace sphagnum moss as a cultivation substrate in Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, not only positively promoting the growth of Phalaenopsis orchids but also reducing the cost of the cultivation substrate.

[0021] Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the volume ratio of the wolfberry branch fermentation material to the caragana branch fermentation material is (2-3):(1-3).

[0022] Furthermore, in the fermentation material, the volume ratio of the wolfberry branch fermentation material and the caragana branch fermentation material is 1:1.

[0023] In another specific embodiment of this application, an application of a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation is described, wherein Phalaenopsis orchids are cultivated using the composite substrate as described in any of the above claims.

[0024] As a preferred method, before cultivating Phalaenopsis orchids, the composite substrate is soaked in a carbendazim solution, then removed, squeezed dry until no water drips, and shaken loose for later use.

[0025] The specific cultivation method is as follows: Before repotting, soak the composite substrate in a 500-1000 times diluted solution of carbendazim, then remove it, squeeze out the excess water until it no longer drips, and loosen it for later use. When repotting, first place a small amount of composite substrate at the bottom of the pot, then wrap the Phalaenopsis orchid roots with the composite substrate, and plant it in the center of the pot. Compact the composite substrate moderately, and plant it at a depth where the rootstock is level with the surface of the composite substrate. The surface of the composite substrate should be about 1.5-2.5 cm below the rim of the pot. After repotting, do not water to avoid root rot. Do not fertilize until new roots have grown after repotting. After about one month, normal watering and fertilization can begin. The suitable temperature for Phalaenopsis orchid growth is 22-30℃, humidity is 65%-75%, and light intensity is 10000-20000 lx.

[0026] It is worth noting that the process temperature and process time involved in the above embodiments are all temperatures or times used in the experiment. Any reasonable adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the process temperature and process time provided by the present invention, within the error range, should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] The technical solution and effects of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0028] 1. Experimental Materials and Methods 1.1 Experimental Materials The tested variety was the Phalaenopsis orchid "Dreamy Lady". Healthy, disease-free seedlings with similar size and growth vigor were selected from 1.7-inch cups.

[0029] The sphagnum moss is domestically produced; the wolfberry branches and caragana branches are both from Ningxia.

[0030] The fermented wolfberry branch material was prepared according to the invention patent application number 201210165495.4, specifically as follows: The fermentation method was prepared according to the invention patent application number 201210165495.4. The pruned wolfberry branches were crushed into 1-2cm lengths using a crusher and moistened with water (to a relative moisture content of 62±2%, i.e., when you grab a handful of material, water should be visible between your fingers but not dripping). Then, 10kg of sterilized chicken manure, 3kg of urea, and 0.5kg of enzyme preparation (carboxymethyl cellulose endopeptidase, produced by Shaanxi Wodejin Copper Key Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) were added to each cubic meter of raw material. After mixing well, the mixture was piled up to a height of 1m and a width of 3-4m. The entire pile (including the bottom) was sealed with plastic film (for moisture retention and temperature control) and fermented at an ambient temperature of 25±1℃. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches above 70℃, turn the pile over once (observe the dryness and wetness of the material each time it is turned over; add water as needed if it is dry to avoid prolonging the fermentation time and causing uneven fermentation; when adding water, add water if the material is loose and does not clump together when you grab it with your hand, until the relative moisture content is maintained at 62±2%, that is, when you grab a handful of material tightly, you can see water between your fingers but it does not drip). Then continue piling; when the temperature in the pile drops to close to the ambient temperature, fermentation is complete, and you get fermented wolfberry branches.

[0031] The fermented material of Caragana korshinskii branches is prepared according to the invention patent application number 200910117609.6. Specifically, the branches of Caragana korshinskii after pruning are crushed into 2-3cm lengths using a crusher, and moistened with water (to a relative moisture content of 62±2%, that is, when you grab a handful of material, water is visible between your fingers but not dripping). Then, 10kg of sterilized chicken manure, 3kg of urea, 2.5kg of wheat bran, and 0.5kg of sawdust fermentation aid (Jinbaobei sawdust fermentation aid operation instructions, produced by Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd.) are added to each cubic meter of raw material. After mixing well, the mixture is piled into a pile 1.5m high and 3-4m wide. The entire pile (including the bottom) is sealed with plastic film (for moisture retention and temperature increase) and fermented at a suitable ambient temperature of 25±1℃. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches above 65℃, turn the pile over once (observe the dryness and wetness of the material each time it is turned over; add water as needed if it is dry to avoid prolonging the fermentation time and causing uneven fermentation; when adding water, add water if the material is loose and does not clump together when you grab it with your hand, until the relative moisture content is maintained at 62±2%, that is, when you grab a handful of material tightly, you can see water between your fingers but it does not drip). Then continue piling; when the temperature in the pile drops to close to the ambient temperature, fermentation is complete, and you get fermented Caragana twig material.

[0032] 1.2 Test Site The experimental area is located in Greenhouse No. 25 of the Modern Agricultural Comprehensive Experimental Base of Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences in Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.

[0033] 1.3 Test Methods The measurement standards for Phalaenopsis orchid growth indicators refer to NY / T 2230-2012 "Guidelines for Testing the Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability of New Plant Varieties - Phalaenopsis Orchid". Specifically, plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and number of leaves are measured. During the peak flowering period, the number of flowers, flower diameter, flower longitudinal diameter, number of pedicels, pedicel length, pedicel thickness, petal thickness, and internode length are uniformly measured.

[0034] 2. Example 1 Before repotting, soak the composite substrate in an 800-fold dilution of carbendazim solution, then remove and squeeze out excess water until it no longer drips, and loosen it for later use. When repotting, first place a small amount of composite substrate at the bottom of the pot, then wrap the Phalaenopsis orchid roots with the composite substrate, and plant it in the center of the pot. Compact the composite substrate moderately, ensuring the rootstock is level with the surface of the substrate, and the substrate surface should be about 1.8 cm below the rim of the pot. After repotting, do not water to avoid root rot. Do not fertilize until new roots have grown after repotting. After about one month, normal watering and fertilization can begin. The greenhouse temperature should be 25℃, humidity 70%, and light intensity 15000 lx.

[0035] A randomized block design was used, with a total of 6 treatments: CK (sphagnum moss), T1 (fermented wolfberry branches), T2 (fermented caragana branches), T3 (sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches = 7:3), T4 (sphagnum moss: fermented caragana branches = 7:3), and T5 (sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 6:2:2). Each treatment consisted of 10 pots with 3 replicates. All ratios are volume ratios.

[0036] During peak flowering period, plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, leaf width, number of flowers, flower diameter (horizontal and vertical), flower stalk length, and flower stalk diameter were uniformly measured. The growth indicators for each group of Phalaenopsis orchids are statistically summarized below: Table 1. Effects of different substrates on the growth indicators of Phalaenopsis orchids deal with Plant height / cm Leaf width / cm Stem diameter / mm Leaf length / cm Leaf width / cm Leaf thickness / mm Number of leaves CK 15.5±1.53ab 24.9±1.1c 14.12±0.17ab 16.87±1.58abc 7.9±0.49ab 2.76±0.03b 4.33±0.33a T1 12.43±1.33b 26.23±0.77bc 11.45±0.48c 14.7±0.6c 6.63±0.32c 2.48±0.04b 3.67±0.33a T2 13.87±2.12ab 29.43±2.47abc 12.59±0.39bc 16±0.83bc 7.53±0.32bc 2.5±0.1b 4±0.58a T3 15.8±0.8ab 32.17±2.33a 12.61±0.35bc 18.03±0.95ab 8.83±0.39a 2.47±0.03b 4.67±0.33a T4 16.63±0.95ab 27.73±1.25abc 14.85±1.3a 17.63±0.38abc 7.97±0.12ab 2.68±0.03b 4±0.58a T5 17.83±1.62a 31.23±1.82ab 13.83±0.27ab 19.63±0.68a 8.6±0.17ab 3.17±0.19a 4±0.58a Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments. P <0.05). The same applies below.

[0037] Table 2 Comparison of cost per pot for Phalaenopsis orchids grown in different substrates deal with Matrix ratio Specification (L) Total Price (RMB) Unit price (yuan / L) Cost per cup (RMB / bowl) The percentage decrease compared to CK (%) 100% Imported Chilean Sphagnum Moss 4 26.8 6.7 3.35 -87.26 CK 100% Domestic Sphagnum Moss 6 21.47 3.578 1.789 / T1 100% Caragana twig fermented feed 3500 1500 0.43 0.215 87.98 T2 100% fermented wolfberry branches 1500 900 0.6 0.3 83.23 T3 Sphagnum moss:caragana branches=7:3 / / / 0.658 63.22 T4 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches = 7:3 / / / 0.671 62.49 T5 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 6:2:2 / / / 0.588 67.13 Please refer to Table 1 and Table 2. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Although the treatments of fermented wolfberry branches (T1) and fermented caragana branches (T2) had lower costs, they were lower than the control in terms of leaf increase, flower size, internode length, and pedicel length. This indicates that these two agricultural and forestry wastes, when used alone as cultivation media, are less effective than traditional sphagnum moss in promoting orchid morphology and pedicel elongation. Therefore, their use alone is not recommended.

[0038] T3, using a mixture of sphagnum moss and fermented Caragana korshinskii branches as the cultivation substrate with a volume ratio of 7:3, showed the best leaf width in Phalaenopsis orchids. T4, using a mixture of sphagnum moss and fermented Lycium barbarum branches as the cultivation substrate with a volume ratio of 7:3, showed the greatest increase in stem diameter in Phalaenopsis orchids. T5, using a mixture of sphagnum moss, fermented Caragana korshinskii branches, and fermented Lycium barbarum branches as the cultivation substrate with a volume ratio of 6:2:2, showed the most significant effect on promoting plant height, leaf thickness, flower diameter, and number of flowers in Phalaenopsis orchids, and showed no significant difference from the control (CK) in terms of flower diameter, internode length, stalk length, and stalk diameter. These experiments demonstrate that the compound substrate achieves comprehensive optimization of physicochemical properties such as bulk density, pH, and EC value through component complementarity, resulting in overall superior cultivation performance compared to a single agricultural and forestry waste substrate. Meanwhile, based on economic benefit analysis, T5 (sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 6:2:2) is the optimal formula that balances cultivation effect and production cost. T4 (sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches = 7:3) and T3 (sphagnum moss: fermented caragana branches = 7:3) can be used as alternative formulas. Ningxia wolfberry branches and caragana branches can be mixed with sphagnum moss to replace part of the traditional sphagnum moss in Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation.

[0039] 2. Example 2 The cultivation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0040] A randomized block design was used, with a total of 6 composite treatments: R1 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 1:1:1), R2 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 2:1:1), R3 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 3:2:1), R4 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 4:3:3), R5 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 6:3:1), and R6 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 8:1:1). Each treatment consisted of 10 pots with 3 replicates. All ratios are volume ratios.

[0041] During peak flowering period, plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, leaf width, number of flowers, flower diameter (horizontal and vertical), flower stalk length, and flower stalk diameter were uniformly measured. The growth indicators for each group of Phalaenopsis orchids are statistically summarized below: Table 3. Effects of different substrate ratios on Phalaenopsis orchids deal with Plant height / cm Leaf width / cm Stem diameter / mm Leaf length / cm Leaf width / cm Flower diameter / cm Flower diameter (cm) Number of flowers / flowers Flower stalk length / cm Flower stalk thickness / mm R1 15.5 ±1.3 ab 25.8 ±1.3 c 12.2 ±0.5 bc 14.9 ±1.0 d 6.7 ±0.5 d 9.8 ± 0.4b 7.7 ± 0.4c 5.3 ±0.6 b 25.8 ±1.6 b 5.4 ±0.3 ab R2 17.5 ±1.5 a 32.1 ±1.5 ab 14.2 ±0.6 ab 18.9 ±1.0 a 8.7 ±0.4 a 11.4 ± 0.4a 9.2 ± 0.4a 8.2 ±0.9 a 34.2 ±1.7 a 6.5 ±0.4 a R3 12.8 ±1.2 b 30.2 ±1.6 abc 13.1 ±0.6 b 17.3 ±1.0 b 8.0 ±0.5 b 10.6 ± 0.4ab 8.6 ± 0.4b 6.4 ±0.8 b 31.4 ±1.6 b 5.8 ±0.4 ab R4 14.1 ±1.1 ab 28.1 ±1.4 bc 11.3 ±0.5 c 16.1 ±1.1 c 7.5 ±0.4 c 10.3 ± 0.4ab 8.3 ± 0.4bc 5.4 ±0.7 b 28.6 ±1.5 b 4.91 ±0.3 b R5 17.0 ±1.4 a 33.0 ±1.6 a 14.6 ±0.6 a 19.4 ±0.9 a 8.9 ±0.4 a 11.2 ± 0.4a 9.4 ± 0.4a 8.7 ±0.8 a 33.6 ±1.8 a 6.4 ±0.4 a R6 16.2 ±1.4 ab 31.3 ±1.7 ab 13.7 ±0.5 ab 18.0 ±1.0 b 8.3 ±0.4 b 10.9 ± 0.5a 8.9 ± 0.4ab 7.3 ±0.8 ab 35.8 ±1.8 a 6.1 ±0.4 a Table 4. Comparison of cost per pot for Phalaenopsis orchids grown in different substrates. deal with Matrix ratio Specification (L) Total Price (RMB) Unit price (yuan / L) Cost per cup (RMB / bowl) The percentage decrease compared to CK (%) CK 100% Domestic Sphagnum Moss 6 21.47 3.578 1.789 / T1 100% Caragana twig fermented feed 3500 1500 0.43 0.215 / T2 100% fermented wolfberry branches 1500 900 0.6 0.3 / R1 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 1:1:1 / / / 0.6912 61.36 R2 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 2:1:1 / / / 1.023 42.82 R3 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 3:2:1 / / / 0.6182 65.44 R4 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 4:3:3 / / / 0.8701 51.36 R5 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 6:3:1 / / / 1.1849 33.77 R6 Sphagnum moss: wolfberry branches: caragana branches = 8:1:1 / / / 1.4827 17.12 Please refer to Tables 3 and 4. Different substrate ratios had varying effects on plant growth and flowering traits. Treatments R2 and R5 were significantly superior to other treatments overall. Specifically, plant height was highest in treatment R2 (17.5 cm) and lowest in treatment R3 (12.8 cm), with no significant difference between R1 (15.5 cm) and R4 (14.1 cm). Stem diameter was highest in treatment R5 (14.6 mm) and lowest in treatment R4 (11.3 mm), with no significant difference between R1 (12.2 mm) and R4. The number of flowers in treatments R2 and R5 was significantly higher than other treatments. Pedicel length was longest in treatment R6 (35.8 mm) and shortest in treatment R1 (25.8 cm), with no significant difference between R2 (34.2 cm) and R5 (33.6 cm). Pedicel diameter was better in treatments R2 (6.5 mm) and R5 (6.4 mm), and lowest in treatment R4 (4.91 ± 0.3 mm).

[0042] Overall, treatments R1 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 1:1:1) and R4 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 4:3:3) performed poorly.

[0043] Treatments R2 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 2:1:1) and R5 (domestic sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 6:3:1) outperformed other treatments in most indicators, and showed no significant difference from treatment T5 in Example 1. In other words, treatments R2, R5, and T5 resulted in the best overall performance of cultivated Phalaenopsis orchids. This means that the cultivation substrate with a volume ratio of domestic sphagnum moss, fermented wolfberry branches, and fermented caragana branches of 6:(2-3):(1-3) had a positive impact on the growth and flowering characteristics of Phalaenopsis orchids. Among them, the cost of treatment T5 was reduced by 67.13% compared to CK, meaning that treatment T5 (sphagnum moss: fermented wolfberry branches: fermented caragana branches = 6:2:2) had the lowest cost. Therefore, treatment T5 is the optimal formula that balances cultivation effect and production cost.

[0044] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite medium for Phalaenopsis cultivation, characterized by, include: Sphagnum moss and fermentation material, wherein the fermentation material includes at least one of wolfberry branch fermentation material and caragana branch fermentation material; The volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is (5-7):(4-6).

2. The composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the sphagnum moss to the fermented material is 6:(4-6).

3. The composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation material is a mixture of wolfberry branch fermentation material and caragana branch fermentation material, and the volume ratio of wolfberry branch fermentation material to caragana branch fermentation material is (2-3):(1-3).

4. The composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the fermentation material, the volume ratio of the wolfberry branch fermentation material and the caragana branch fermentation material is 1:

1.

5. An application of a composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation, characterized in that, Phalaenopsis orchids are cultivated using the composite substrate as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The application of the composite substrate for Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Before cultivating Phalaenopsis orchids, soak the composite substrate in a carbendazim solution, then remove it, squeeze out the excess water until it no longer drips, and shake it to set aside.

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