A method for correcting deviation and a jack device for a shield tunneling machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and particularly to a method for correcting deviation and an adjustment mechanism for a TBM, comprising: positioning the jack mechanism and deploying sensors before construction; detecting the deflection angle value α; controlling the extension of the telescopic rotating shaft to release the rotation restriction on the jack wheel; calculating the extension correction value for each jack; based on the extension correction value data of each jack, controlling each jack to extend and retract independently to restore the jack wheel to the center position, i.e., the deflection angle α returns to zero; and controlling the telescopic rotating shaft to retract axially to lock and restrict the rotation of the jack wheel. This invention achieves active adjustment of the TBM's attitude. During deviation correction, the telescopic rotating shaft first disengages the limit card from the limit groove, releasing the rotation restriction on the wheel, and quantitatively calculates the extension correction value required for each jack. Combined with the angle sensor, a closed-loop control is formed to quantitatively adjust the deflection angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and in particular to a method for correcting deviation and a jack device for a TBM. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Current railway construction practice shows that the shield tunneling method has the characteristics of intelligence, safety, and speed, and has become the most important construction method for railway tunnel construction in soft soil areas. When shield tunneling crosses complex strata over long distances, the heterogeneity of the strata and the curvature of the tunnel axis can easily cause the shield machine's rolling angle to go out of control, resulting in the jacks deviating from the center, causing engineering problems such as segment assembly errors and water leakage.

[0004] Currently, Chinese patent CN109209409B discloses "A Jack for Changing the Roll Angle of a Tunnel Boring Machine," which is used to correct the roll angle of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) during TBM construction. It includes a cutterhead at the front, a shield shell connected to the cutterhead, and tunnel segments behind the shield shell. A TBM oil pump is located at the rear of the shield shell, and the oil pump support shoe connects to the tunnel segment when extended. The jack is positioned at the contact point between the tunnel segment and the oil pump support shoe. The jack includes a friction plate and an adjusting bolt fixed to the edge of the friction plate. When the jack is working, the friction plate is positioned between the tunnel segment and the extended oil pump support shoe. The non-fixed end of the adjusting bolt is supported at a support point. The operator rotates the adjusting bolt to move the friction plate between the tunnel segment and the support shoe, causing the friction plate to apply force to the shield shell via the support shoe to correct the roll angle of the TBM. This invention is applicable to timely correction of the roll angle of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) when it loses control during long-distance tunneling through complex strata such as silty soil.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, this application believes that the following problems exist: 1) When correcting deviation, it is necessary to apply the correction torque to the shield shell through the jack friction plate and the support shoe, which is difficult and inefficient; 2) When constructing in other strata or when the rolling angle is too large, it is difficult to effectively correct the deviation of the tunnel boring machine. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a method for correcting deviations and a jacking device for tunnel boring machines.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a correction and adjustment method for a jack device of a tunnel boring machine, the jack device including a jack wheel disk disposed on one side of the tunnel boring machine body, a plurality of jacks disposed on the jack wheel disk, and a telescopic rotating shaft disposed between the tunnel boring machine body and the jack wheel disk, the tunnel boring machine body having a plurality of limit clips spaced apart along the circumferential direction, the jack wheel disk having a plurality of limit grooves spaced apart along the circumferential direction, the limit grooves corresponding one-to-one with the limit clips; Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Before construction, jacks and sensors are installed on one side of the tunnel boring machine. S2, the angle sensor detects the deflection angle α of the jack wheel relative to the shield machine body in the current state; S3, control the telescopic rotating shaft to extend axially, so that the distance between the jack wheel and the shield machine body increases, the limit card disengages from the corresponding limit groove, and releases the rotation restriction on the jack wheel; S4. Based on the deflection angle α and the distribution radius R of each jack on the jack wheel, calculate the extension correction value of each jack. S5, based on the extension and retraction correction value data of each jack, control each jack to extend and retract independently, drive the jack wheel to rotate until the jack wheel returns to the center position, that is, the deflection angle α returns to zero. S6, control the telescopic rotating shaft to retract axially, so that the limit card connects with the corresponding limit groove, thereby locking and restricting the rotation of the jack wheel.

[0008] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the extension / reduction correction value of each jack in step S4 is as follows:

[0009] In the formula, ΔL i θ represents the extension / retraction correction value for the i-th jack, where a positive value indicates extension and a negative value indicates retraction; i Let be the installation angle of the i-th jack on the jack wheel.

[0010] Furthermore, the distribution radius R of the jacks is the distance from the center of each jack to the center of the jack wheel, and the installation angle θ i The polar angle is the angle in a polar coordinate system established with the center of the jack wheel as the pole and the preset direction as the polar axis.

[0011] Furthermore, in S5, the specific method for controlling the independent extension and retraction of each jack includes: Oil is supplied to the jacks that need to be extended to make them extend, and oil is released to the jacks that need to be retracted to make them retract. The rotation of the jack wheel is controlled by the hydraulic system.

[0012] A jacking device for a tunnel boring machine, implementing a correction and adjustment method, including: The jack wheel is located on one side of the tunnel boring machine body and rotates relative to it. Multiple jacks are spaced apart on the jack wheel along the circumference, and each jack's telescopic end is connected to a jack support shoe. A telescopic rotating shaft is provided between the shield machine body and the jack wheel, with one end of the telescopic rotating shaft abutting the shield machine body and the other end abutting the jack wheel. The telescopic rotating shaft can extend and retract axially to change the distance between the jack wheel and the shield machine body. Multiple limiters are spaced apart on the shield machine body along the circumferential direction of the shield machine body; Multiple limiting grooves are spaced apart on the jack wheel along the circumferential direction, and each limiting groove corresponds to a limiting card.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting card is a protrusion structure, and the limiting groove is a groove structure adapted to the protrusion.

[0014] Furthermore, a magnet is provided at the end of the limiting card; The magnet is used to attract and lock the limiting slot when the limiting card is docked with the limiting slot.

[0015] Furthermore, a buffer pad is provided at the bottom of the groove of the limiting groove; The buffer pad is used to buffer the wear when the limiting card and the limiting groove are engaged.

[0016] Furthermore, the telescopic rotating shaft is hydraulically driven for telescopic movement.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes: An angle sensor is located at the connection end between the telescopic rotating shaft and the jack wheel and is electrically connected to the telescopic rotating shaft and the jack through a controller. It is used to detect the deflection angle of the jack wheel and control the extension and retraction of the telescopic rotating shaft and each jack according to the deflection angle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention achieves active adjustment of the tunnel boring machine's (TBM) attitude through a telescopic rotating shaft and a rotatable jack wheel. During correction, the telescopic rotating shaft first disengages the limit card from the limit slot, releasing the rotation restriction on the wheel. The required telescopic correction value for each jack is quantitatively calculated, and combined with an angle sensor to form a closed-loop control system. This allows for quantitative adjustment of the deflection angle, ensuring the jack wheel rotates to the center position. This is suitable for TBM construction in complex geological formations or for correction adjustments when the roll angle is too large. Furthermore, after the jacks are corrected to the initial center, the limit card, limit slot, and magnet securely connect the jacks, preventing rotation of the jack wheel during segment assembly and ensuring assembly quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a jack device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the limiting groove on the jack wheel. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the limit switch on the tunnel boring machine.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Tunnel boring machine body; 2. Jack wheel; 3. Telescopic rotating shaft; 4. Limiting clip; 5. Magnet; 6. Limiting groove; 7. Buffer pad; 8. Jack; 9. Jack support shoe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-3 This invention discloses a method for correcting deviation and a jack device for a tunnel boring machine (TBM). By setting up a jack wheel 2 with an actively adjustable angle, when the TBM body 1 deviates, the locking between the jack wheel 2 and the TBM body 1 is first released. Then, the jacks 8 on the jack wheel 2 are used to extend and retract in coordination to generate an accurate rotational torque, driving the jack wheel 2 to rotate to the correct position. Finally, it is relocked, thereby achieving rapid and accurate deviation correction of the TBM's attitude.

[0023] like Figure 1-3As shown, the jack device of this application is installed at the rear end of the tunnel boring machine body 1. The jack device includes: jack wheel 2, telescopic rotating shaft 3, multiple jacks 8, multiple limit clamps 4, multiple limit grooves 6, magnet 5, buffer pad 7, and angle sensor.

[0024] One end of the telescopic rotating shaft 3 is bolted to the center of the rear end of the tunnel boring machine body 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the center of the jack wheel 2. The jack wheel 2 is a disc-shaped structure with multiple jacks 8 evenly distributed along the circumference on its outer edge or disc surface. Each jack 8 has a jack support shoe 9 installed at its telescopic end for pushing the tunnel segments.

[0025] Furthermore, on the rear end face of the tunnel boring machine body 1, around the telescopic rotating shaft 3, a plurality of protruding limit clips 4 are evenly spaced along the circumference. Correspondingly, on the end face of the jack wheel 2 facing the tunnel boring machine body 1, a plurality of limit grooves 6 are evenly spaced along the circumference, each corresponding to one of the limit clips 4.

[0026] Further, in order to reduce the impact and wear during docking, a buffer pad 7 can be provided at the bottom of the groove of the limiting groove 6. The buffer pad 7 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber or polyurethane.

[0027] Further, an angle sensor is installed near the connection end between the telescopic rotating shaft 3 and the jack wheel 2. This angle sensor is electrically connected to a controller (such as a PLC), which in turn is electrically connected to the hydraulic control valve of the telescopic rotating shaft 3 and the hydraulic control valves of each jack 8, for the purpose of achieving automated control.

[0028] When the tunnel boring machine (TBM) body 1 experiences attitude deviation and excessive roll angle during excavation, i.e., when the central axis of the TBM body 1 forms an angle with the design axis, a correction operation is required. The specific steps of the adjustment and correction method are as follows: S1. Before the construction of the tunnel boring machine body 1, the aforementioned jack device is placed, and angle sensors and related controllers are installed and debugged.

[0029] S2, using an angle sensor to detect in real time the deflection angle α of the jack wheel 2 relative to the tunnel boring machine body 1 under the current state. This angle reflects the angle between the central axis of the jack wheel 2 and the central axis of the tunnel boring machine body 1. Since the jack wheel 2 contacts the tunnel segment through the jack support shoe 9, its attitude directly reflects the current advancement direction of the tunnel boring machine.

[0030] S3, the controller receives the feedback signal from the angle sensor and issues a command to control the telescopic rotating shaft 3 to extend outward along the axial direction, thereby increasing the distance between the jack wheel 2 and the shield machine body 1, and causing the interlocking limit card 4 to disengage from the limit groove 6. At this time, the jack wheel 2 loses the mechanical restriction on circumferential rotation and is in a state of free rotation.

[0031] S4, based on the deflection angle α, the distribution radius R of each jack 8, and the installation angle θ on the jack wheel 2. i The following calculation formula is used:

[0032] The expansion / contraction correction values ​​for each of the jacks 8 were calculated. The calculated result ΔL... i A positive value indicates that jack 8 needs to extend; ΔL i A negative value indicates that the jack 8 needs to be retracted.

[0033] S5, the controller calculates ΔL for each of the jacks 8. i The system independently controls the extension and retraction of each jack 8. Specifically, oil is supplied to the cylinder of the jack 8 that needs to extend, causing its piston rod to extend; oil is released from the cylinder of the jack 8 that needs to retract, causing its piston rod to retract under external force or elastic action. The coordinated extension and retraction of all jacks 8 generates a rotational torque on the jack wheel 2, driving the jack wheel 2 to rotate relative to the extension and retraction shaft 3. At the same time, an angle sensor monitors the rotation angle in real time, forming a closed-loop control until the deflection angle α returns to zero, that is, the jack wheel 2 returns to the center position coaxial with the shield machine body 1.

[0034] S6, after the deflection angle α returns to zero, the controller receives the feedback signal again and issues a command to control the telescopic rotating shaft 3 to retract axially, so that the limit card 4 is re-inserted into the limit groove 6. At this time, the cooperation between the limit card 4 and the limit groove 6, under the magnetic attraction of the magnet 5, firmly locks the rotation position of the jack wheel 2, and the assembly of the shield tunnel segments can continue later.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0037] Additionally, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for correcting deviations and adjusting the jacking device of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The jack device includes a jack wheel (2) located on one side of the shield machine body (1), a plurality of jacks (8) located on the jack wheel (2), and a telescopic rotating shaft (3) located between the shield machine body (1) and the jack wheel (2). The shield machine body (1) is provided with a plurality of limit cards (4) spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The jack wheel (2) is provided with a plurality of limit grooves (6) spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The limit grooves (6) correspond one-to-one with the limit cards (4). specific Includes the following steps: S1. Before construction, jacks and sensors are installed on one side of the shield machine body (1). S2, the angle of deflection α of the jack wheel (2) relative to the shield machine body (1) in the current state is detected by the angle sensor; S3, control the telescopic rotating shaft (3) to extend axially, so that the distance between the jack wheel (2) and the shield machine body (1) increases, the limit card (4) disengages from the corresponding limit groove (6), and releases the rotation restriction on the jack wheel (2); S4. Based on the deflection angle α and the distribution radius R of each jack (8) on the jack wheel (2), calculate the extension correction value of each jack (8); S5, based on the extension correction value data of each jack (8), control each jack (8) to extend and retract independently, drive the jack wheel (2) to rotate until the jack wheel (2) returns to the center position, that is, the deflection angle α returns to zero; S6, control the telescopic rotating shaft (3) to retract axially, so that the limit card (4) is connected to the corresponding limit groove (6) to lock and restrict the rotation of the jack wheel (2).

2. The correction and adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific formulas for calculating the extension correction values ​​of each jack (8) in step S4 are as follows: wherein ΔL i is the extension correction value of the i-th jack (8), positive value indicating extension and negative value indicating retraction; θ i is the installation angle of the i-th jack (8) on the jack wheel (2).

3. The correction and adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution radius R of the jacks (8) is the distance from the center of each jack (8) to the center of the jack wheel (2), and the installation angle θ i The polar angle is the angle in a polar coordinate system established with the center of the jack wheel (2) as the pole and the preset direction as the polar axis.

4. The correction and adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the specific method for controlling the independent extension and retraction of each of the jacks (8) includes: Oil is supplied to the jack (8) that needs to be extended to make it extend, and oil is discharged to the jack (8) that needs to be retracted to make it retract. The rotation of the jack wheel (2) is controlled by the hydraulic system.

5. A jacking device for a tunnel boring machine, implementing the correction and adjustment method as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include; The jack wheel (2) is located on one side of the shield machine body (1) and rotates relative to it; Multiple jacks (8) are spaced apart on the jack wheel (2) along the circumferential direction, and each jack (8) has a jack support shoe (9) connected to its telescopic end. A telescopic rotating shaft (3) is provided between the shield machine body (1) and the jack wheel (2), and one end of the telescopic rotating shaft (3) abuts against the shield machine body (1) and the other end abuts against the jack wheel (2). The telescopic rotating shaft (3) can extend and retract along the axial direction to change the distance between the jack wheel (2) and the shield machine body (1). Multiple limit cards (4) are spaced apart on the shield machine body (1) along the circumferential direction of the shield machine body (1); Multiple limiting grooves (6) are arranged at intervals along the circumference on the jack wheel (2), and the limiting grooves (6) correspond one-to-one with the limiting cards (4).

6. A jack device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting card (4) is a protrusion structure, and the limiting groove (6) is a groove structure adapted to the protrusion.

7. A jack device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the limiting card (4) is provided with a magnet (5); The magnet (5) is used to attract and lock the limiting slot (6) when the limiting card (4) is docked with the limiting slot (6).

8. A jack device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A buffer pad (7) is provided at the bottom of the groove of the limiting groove (6). The buffer pad (7) is used to form a buffer when the limiting card (4) engages with the limiting groove (6) to reduce wear.

9. The jacking device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rotating shaft (3) is hydraulically driven for telescopic movement.

10. A jack device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: An angle sensor is located at the connection end between the telescopic rotating shaft (3) and the jack wheel (2) and is electrically connected to the telescopic rotating shaft (3) and the jack (8) through a controller. It is used to detect the deflection angle of the jack wheel (2) and control the extension and retraction of the telescopic rotating shaft (3) and each jack (8) according to the deflection angle.

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