Coal mine exploitation coal stratum stress monitoring device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of stress monitoring device technology and discloses a stress monitoring device for coal and rock strata in coal mine mining. The device includes a mounting shell and a monitoring component. The monitoring component is mounted on the mounting shell and includes multiple arc-shaped baffles arranged in a circular array and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting shell. The opposing surfaces of the arc-shaped baffles form concrete-filled spaces, each containing an arc-shaped plate. When a sensor needs to be replaced, the circular sleeve can be rotated via a handle, causing the monitoring device mounting box to rotate within a circular groove via an arc-shaped sliding plate. With the two circular grooves aligned with the two arc-shaped grooves, the four springs reset, pushing the monitoring device mounting box forward. Subsequently, the arc-shaped baffles can be completely extracted from the mounting shell, avoiding disassembly of the entire mounting shell or damage to the concrete-filled structure, significantly reducing maintenance costs and facilitating maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stress monitoring device technology, specifically to a stress monitoring device and method for coal and rock strata in coal mining. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of coal mining, stress monitoring of coal and rock strata is a key means of early warning of disasters such as roof collapse and coal and gas outburst.

[0003] Existing devices typically use bolts to fix the monitoring box to a concrete block. During installation, precise positioning and tightening of multiple bolts are required, which is extremely inconvenient in the confined space of a coal mine. When the sensor needs to be replaced, the entire monitoring box must be disassembled, or even the concrete structure may be damaged. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but may also cause changes in the stress transmission path due to secondary installation, increasing monitoring errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a coal and rock strata stress monitoring device and method for coal mine operations. It solves the problems of existing devices that typically use bolts to fix the monitoring box to a concrete block, requiring precise positioning and tightening of multiple bolts during installation, which is extremely inconvenient in the confined space of underground coal mines; when the sensor needs to be replaced, the entire monitoring box must be disassembled, even damaging the concrete structure, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but may also cause changes in the stress transmission path due to secondary installation, increasing monitoring errors.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining, comprising an installation shell;

[0008] The monitoring component is mounted on the mounting housing and includes multiple arc-shaped baffles, which are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting housing in a circular array.

[0009] Among them, the opposite sides of multiple arc-shaped baffles are concrete-filled spaces, and arc-shaped plates are set inside the multiple concrete-filled spaces. The multiple arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped baffles, and the multiple arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the mounting shell.

[0010] Among them, injection tubes are fixedly connected to the front surface of multiple arc-shaped plates, and the rear ends of multiple injection tubes respectively penetrate through the rear surface of the corresponding arc-shaped plates.

[0011] The monitoring device mounting box is located inside the housing, and both the monitoring device mounting box and the housing are circular.

[0012] Preferably, the upper and lower inner walls of the mounting housing are provided with arc-shaped grooves, and a circular groove is provided inside the mounting housing. The circular groove is located behind the two arc-shaped grooves, and the two arc-shaped grooves are connected to the circular groove.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting housing has a circular groove inside, the circular groove is located on the rear side of the circular groove, and a circular rotating plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the circular rotating plate, and an mounting sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the rear end of the connecting rod, with the mounting sleeve being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell.

[0015] Preferably, the front surface of the circular rotating plate is fixedly connected to four springs arranged in a cross shape, the front surface of the four springs is fixedly connected to a circular plate, and the front surface of the circular plate has two rectangular grooves.

[0016] Preferably, rectangular plates are snapped onto the inner walls of both rectangular slots, and both rectangular plates are fixedly connected to the monitoring device mounting box.

[0017] Preferably, the monitoring device mounting box has arc-shaped sliding plates fixedly connected to both the left and right sides, and both arc-shaped sliding plates are slidably connected to the circular groove.

[0018] Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the monitoring device mounting box are provided with monitoring end placement holes that communicate with the interior, and a pressure sensor is fixedly installed inside the monitoring device mounting box.

[0019] Preferably, a circular sleeve is fixedly installed on the front surface of the monitoring device mounting box, a wiring conduit is fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular sleeve, the wiring conduit passes through the rear surface of the circular sleeve, and a handle is fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular sleeve.

[0020] A method for monitoring stress in coal and rock strata during coal mining includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: First, make mounting holes on the coal and rock layer that correspond to the diameter of the circle formed by multiple arc plates. After making the holes, place the mounting shell inside the mounting holes.

[0022] S2: Then, concrete is injected into the concrete filling space through multiple injection tubes. After the concrete solidifies, it tightly fixes multiple arc-shaped baffles to the coal and rock layer. At this time, multiple arc-shaped baffles form a ring stress transmission structure through the support of concrete. The stress change of the coal and rock layer can be evenly transmitted to the installation shell through the concrete and multiple arc-shaped baffles. Then, the entire monitoring device installation box is picked up.

[0023] By setting multiple arc-shaped baffles, the opposite surfaces of the multiple arc-shaped baffles form multiple concrete filling spaces, thereby dividing the formed concrete into several pieces. When the coal and rock strata generate shear stress or uneven extrusion, each concrete block can independently bear stress components in different directions (such as horizontal stress, vertical stress, and lateral stress), and then the combined force is evenly concentrated to the installation shell, avoiding transmission distortion caused by stress concentration in a single large block of concrete, and ensuring that the stress signal received by the monitoring device installation box fully reflects the true stress state of the coal and rock strata.

[0024] S3: Place the monitoring device mounting box 15 inside the mounting housing 1, and simultaneously make the two arc-shaped sliding plates slide into the two arc-shaped sliding grooves, while making the two rectangular plates enter the interior of the two rectangular grooves. Then push the monitoring device mounting box backward, thereby pushing the circular plate to move backward.

[0025] S4: The circular plate compresses four springs until the rear surfaces of the two arc-shaped sliding plates contact the inside of the circular groove. Then, the monitoring device installation box is rotated 90°. At the same time, the monitoring device installation box will drive the circular plate and the circular rotating plate to rotate synchronously through the two rectangular grooves, the rectangular plate, and the four springs. The two arc-shaped sliding plates are set in a left-right correspondence. The four springs are reset. The circular groove will restrict the movement of the arc-shaped sliding plates, thereby completing the installation of the monitoring device installation box. When the coal and rock strata generate stress;

[0026] The connection between the monitoring device mounting box and the circular plate is strengthened by setting two rectangular slots and two circular plates, which helps the circular plate to rotate synchronously.

[0027] S5: The stress is transmitted to the mounting shell through the arc-shaped baffle and the concrete filling space, and then to the monitoring device mounting box.

[0028] S6: The pressure sensor inside the monitoring device mounting box senses stress changes through the monitoring end placement hole, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the external data acquisition system through the wiring pipe.

[0029] S7: When the sensor needs to be replaced, the circular sleeve can be turned by the handle to make the monitoring device mounting box rotate in the circular groove through the arc-shaped sliding plate. When the two circular grooves face each other and the two arc-shaped grooves are no longer obstructed, the four springs will reset and push the monitoring device mounting box forward. Then the arc-shaped baffle can be pulled out of the mounting shell.

[0030] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for monitoring the stress of coal and rock strata in coal mining, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The coal mine uses a coal and rock strata stress monitoring device. When the sensor needs to be replaced, the circular sleeve can be turned by the handle, which will cause the monitoring device installation box to rotate in the circular groove through the arc-shaped sliding plate. When the two circular grooves are opposite to the two arc-shaped grooves, the four springs will reset and push the monitoring device installation box forward. Then the arc-shaped baffle can be pulled out of the installation shell as a whole, avoiding the disassembly of the entire installation shell or damage to the concrete filling structure, greatly reducing maintenance costs and facilitating maintenance.

[0033] 2. The coal mine adopts a coal and rock stratum stress monitoring device. After the concrete solidifies, multiple arc-shaped baffles are tightly fixed to the coal and rock stratum. At this time, the multiple arc-shaped baffles form a ring stress transmission structure through the support of the concrete. The stress changes of the coal and rock stratum can be evenly transmitted to the installation shell through the concrete and multiple arc-shaped baffles.

[0034] 3. The coal mine adopts a coal and rock strata stress monitoring device. By setting up multiple arc-shaped baffles, the opposite surfaces of the multiple arc-shaped baffles form multiple concrete-filled spaces, which divide the formed concrete into several pieces. When the coal and rock strata generate shear stress or uneven extrusion, each concrete block can independently bear the stress components in different directions (such as horizontal stress, vertical stress, and lateral stress), and then the resultant force is evenly concentrated to the installation shell, avoiding the transmission distortion caused by stress concentration in a single large piece of concrete, and ensuring that the stress signal received by the monitoring device installation box completely reflects the true stress state of the coal and rock strata.

[0035] 4. The coal mine adopts a coal and rock stratum stress monitoring device. By setting two rectangular grooves and two circular plates, the connection between the monitoring device installation box and the circular plates can be strengthened, and the circular plates can be rotated synchronously.

[0036] 5. The coal mine adopts a coal and rock stratum stress monitoring method. By using a two-step installation method of "sliding embedding-rotation locking", the monitoring device installation box can be quickly positioned without tools through the guiding cooperation of the arc-shaped sliding plate and the arc-shaped sliding groove, as well as the snap-fit ​​structure of the rectangular plate and the rectangular groove. The installation time of a single device is reduced from 4 hours in the traditional method to 20 minutes, which is suitable for multi-point synchronous monitoring scenarios in underground coal mines. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface of the housing of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the housing of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface of the mounting box for the monitoring device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear surface of the monitoring device mounting box of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the circular groove in this invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Arc-shaped baffle; 3. Arc-shaped plate; 4. Injection tube; 5. Wiring tube; 6. Circular sleeve; 7. Arc-shaped slide groove; 8. Circular groove; 9. Arc-shaped sliding plate; 10. Circular plate; 11. Rectangular groove; 12. Circular rotating plate; 13. Spring; 14. Handle; 15. Monitoring device mounting box; 16. Rectangular plate; 17. Mounting sleeve; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Circular slide groove; 20. Monitoring end placement hole. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Please see Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a new technical solution: a coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining, including an installation shell 1 and a monitoring component. The monitoring component is mounted on the installation shell 1 and includes multiple arc-shaped baffles 2, which are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the installation shell 1 in a circular array.

[0046] Among them, the opposite sides of the multiple arc-shaped baffles 2 are concrete filling spaces, and arc-shaped plates 3 are provided inside the multiple concrete filling spaces. The multiple arc-shaped plates 3 are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped baffles 2, and the multiple arc-shaped plates 3 are fixedly connected to the mounting shell 1.

[0047] Among them, injection tubes 4 are fixedly connected to the front surface of multiple arc plates 3, and the rear ends of multiple injection tubes 4 respectively penetrate through the rear surface of the corresponding arc plate 3.

[0048] The monitoring device mounting box 15 is installed inside the mounting housing 1. Both the monitoring device mounting box 15 and the mounting housing 1 are circular.

[0049] Furthermore, the upper and lower inner walls of the mounting housing 1 are provided with arc-shaped grooves 7, and the interior of the mounting housing 1 is provided with a circular groove 8. The circular groove 8 is located behind the two arc-shaped grooves 7, and the two arc-shaped grooves 7 are connected to the circular groove 8.

[0050] Furthermore, a circular groove 19 is provided inside the housing 1. The circular groove 19 is located behind the circular groove 8, and a circular rotating plate 12 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove 19.

[0051] Furthermore, a connecting rod 18 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the circular rotating plate 12, and an mounting sleeve 17 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the rear end of the connecting rod 18. The mounting sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing 1.

[0052] Furthermore, four springs 13 arranged in a cross shape are fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular rotating plate 12, and a circular plate 10 is fixedly connected to the front surface of the four springs 13. Two rectangular grooves 11 are opened on the front surface of the circular plate 10.

[0053] Furthermore, rectangular plates 16 are snapped onto the inner walls of both rectangular grooves 11, and both rectangular plates 16 are fixedly connected to the monitoring device mounting box 15.

[0054] Furthermore, curved sliding plates 9 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the monitoring device mounting box 15, and both curved sliding plates 9 are slidably connected to the circular groove 8.

[0055] Furthermore, the upper and lower surfaces of the monitoring device mounting box 15 are provided with monitoring end placement holes 20 that communicate with the interior, and a pressure sensor is fixedly installed inside the monitoring device mounting box 15.

[0056] Furthermore, a circular sleeve 6 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the monitoring device mounting box 15, a wiring pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular sleeve 6, the wiring pipe 5 passes through the rear surface of the circular sleeve 6, and a handle 14 is fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular sleeve 6.

[0057] A method for monitoring stress in coal and rock strata during coal mining includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: First, install holes corresponding to the diameter of the circle formed by multiple arc plates 3 are opened on the coal and rock layer. After the holes are opened, the mounting shell 1 is placed inside the mounting holes.

[0059] S2: Then, concrete is injected into the concrete filling space through multiple injection tubes 4. After the concrete solidifies, multiple arc-shaped baffles 2 are tightly fixed to the coal and rock layer. At this time, multiple arc-shaped baffles 2 form a ring stress transmission structure through the support of concrete. The stress change of the coal and rock layer can be evenly transmitted to the installation shell 1 through the concrete and multiple arc-shaped baffles 2. Then, the entire monitoring device installation box 15 is picked up.

[0060] By setting multiple arc-shaped baffles 2, the opposite surfaces of the multiple arc-shaped baffles 2 form multiple concrete filling spaces, thereby dividing the formed concrete into several pieces. When the coal and rock strata generate shear stress or uneven extrusion, each concrete block can independently bear stress components in different directions (such as horizontal stress, vertical stress, and lateral stress), and then the combined force is evenly concentrated to the mounting shell 1, avoiding transmission distortion caused by stress concentration in a single large block of concrete, and ensuring that the stress signal received by the monitoring device mounting box 15 completely reflects the true stress state of the coal and rock strata.

[0061] S3: Place the monitoring device mounting box 15 inside the mounting housing 1, and simultaneously make the two arc-shaped sliding plates 9 slide in connection with the two arc-shaped sliding grooves 7, while making the two rectangular plates 16 enter the interior of the two rectangular grooves 11. Then push the monitoring device mounting box 15 backward, thereby pushing the circular plate 10 to move backward.

[0062] S4: The circular plate 10 compresses four springs 13 until the rear surfaces of the two arc-shaped sliding plates 9 contact the interior of the circular groove 8. Then, the monitoring device mounting box 15 is rotated 90°. At the same time, the monitoring device mounting box 15 will drive the circular plate 10 and the circular rotating plate 12 to rotate synchronously through the two rectangular grooves 11, the rectangular plate 16, and the four springs 13. The two arc-shaped sliding plates 9 are set in left and right correspondences. The four springs 13 are reset. The circular groove 8 will restrict the movement of the arc-shaped sliding plates 9, thereby completing the installation of the monitoring device mounting box 15. When the coal and rock strata generate stress;

[0063] The connection between the monitoring device mounting box 15 and the circular plate 10 is strengthened by setting two rectangular slots 11 and two circular plates 10, which helps the circular plate 10 to rotate synchronously.

[0064] S5: The stress is transmitted to the mounting shell 1 through the arc-shaped baffle 2 and the concrete filling space, and then to the monitoring device mounting box 15.

[0065] S6: The pressure sensor inside the monitoring device mounting box 15 senses stress changes through the monitoring end placement hole 20, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the external data acquisition system through the wiring pipe 5.

[0066] S7: When the sensor needs to be replaced, the circular sleeve 6 can be rotated by the handle 14, which will drive the monitoring device mounting box 15 to rotate in the circular groove 8 through the arc-shaped slide plate 9. This will make the two circular slide plates 19 face each other with the two arc-shaped slide plates 7. Without the obstruction of the circular groove 8, the four springs 13 will reset and push the monitoring device mounting box 15 forward. Then the arc-shaped baffle 2 can be pulled out of the mounting shell 1 as a whole, avoiding the disassembly of the entire mounting shell 1 or damage to the concrete filling structure, greatly reducing maintenance costs and facilitating maintenance.

[0067] Among them, by adopting the two-step installation method of "sliding embedding-rotation locking", the monitoring device installation box 15 can be quickly positioned without tools through the guiding cooperation of the arc-shaped sliding plate 9 and the arc-shaped sliding groove 7, and the snap-fit ​​structure of the rectangular plate 16 and the rectangular groove 11. The installation time of a single device is shortened from 4 hours in the traditional method to 20 minutes, which is suitable for multi-point synchronous monitoring scenarios in coal mines.

[0068] Structural Description:

[0069] Arc-shaped plate 3: Fixedly connected to the opposite side of arc-shaped baffle 2 and fixed to the mounting shell 1, with injection tube 4 connected to its front surface. As an inner support for the concrete filling space, it works with arc-shaped baffle 2 to uniformly transfer stress from the coal and rock strata through the concrete to the mounting shell 1, ensuring the stability and uniformity of stress transmission.

[0070] Injection tube 4: Fixed to the front surface of the arc-shaped plate 3, with its rear end penetrating through the arc-shaped plate 3, it is used to inject concrete into the concrete filling space. The concrete filling through the injection tube 4 ensures a tight bond between the arc-shaped baffle 2 and the coal and rock strata, forming a reliable stress transmission medium.

[0071] Wiring conduit 5: Fixed to the front surface of the circular sleeve 6, passing through the rear surface of the circular sleeve 6, and connected to the pressure sensor inside the monitoring device mounting box 15. Used to transmit the stress signal sensed by the pressure sensor to the external data acquisition system, realizing real-time transmission of monitoring data.

[0072] Circular sleeve 6: Fixed to the front surface of the monitoring device mounting box 15, the front surface connects to the wiring pipe 5 and the handle 14, and the rear surface is fixed to the monitoring device mounting box 15. Serving as the front interface of the monitoring device mounting box 15, it facilitates the installation of the wiring pipe 5 and the operation of the handle 14, assisting in the installation and disassembly of the monitoring device.

[0073] Arc-shaped groove 7: Formed on the upper and lower inner walls of the mounting housing 1, it slidably connects with the arc-shaped sliding plate 9 of the monitoring device mounting box 15. It provides guidance for the movement of the monitoring device mounting box 15, ensuring that it slides along a specific trajectory, facilitating positioning and locking during installation.

[0074] Circular groove 8: Located inside the mounting housing 1, behind and connected to the two arc-shaped sliding grooves 7, limiting the movement range of the arc-shaped sliding plate 9. During installation of the monitoring device mounting box 15, the initial positioning of the device and the alignment of the stress transmission path are achieved through the cooperation of the arc-shaped sliding plate 9 and the circular groove 8.

[0075] Arc-shaped sliding plate 9: Fixed on the left and right sides of the monitoring device mounting box 15, and slidably connected to the arc-shaped sliding groove 7 of the mounting shell 1. As a guide component of the monitoring device mounting box 15, it ensures that the device slides smoothly within the mounting shell 1, while transmitting external stress to the monitoring device.

[0076] Circular plate 10: Connected to circular rotating plate 12 by four springs 13, with a rectangular groove 11 on its front surface to engage with the rectangular plate 16 of the monitoring device mounting box 15. The springs 13 are compressed when pushed by the monitoring device mounting box 15, and the auxiliary device locks upon reset, enhancing connection stability.

[0077] Rectangular groove 11: Formed on the front surface of circular plate 10, for engaging the rectangular plate 16 of monitoring device mounting box 15. This engaging structure allows the monitoring device mounting box 15 and circular plate 10 to rotate synchronously, ensuring consistent rotational locking and stress transfer during installation.

[0078] Circular rotating plate 12: It is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove 19 of the mounting housing 1. Its rear surface is rotatably connected to the mounting sleeve 17 via a connecting rod 18, and its front surface is connected to four springs 13 and the circular plate 10. It rotates synchronously when the monitoring device mounting box 15 rotates, and the device is automatically locked by the restoring force of the springs 13.

[0079] Spring 13: Arranged in a cross shape, connecting the circular rotating plate 12 and the circular plate 10. When compressed, it stores elastic potential energy; when reset, it pushes the circular plate 10 to lock the monitoring device mounting box 15. It provides elastic support and reset force to ensure the stability of the monitoring device mounting box 15 after installation and to prevent loosening caused by vibration.

[0080] Handle 14: Fixed to the front surface of the circular sleeve 6, used for manually rotating the monitoring device mounting box 15. By rotating the handle 14, the monitoring device mounting box 15 is rotated within the mounting housing 1, realizing quick installation and removal of "sliding insertion-rotation locking" and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0081] The monitoring device mounting box 15 is circular, with a pressure sensor fixed inside. Monitoring end placement holes 20 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces, and arc-shaped sliding plates 9 are installed on the left and right sides. A circular sleeve 6 is connected to the front surface. As the core component for stress monitoring, it senses changes in coal and rock strata stress through the pressure sensor and outputs the signal through the connecting pipe 5.

[0082] Rectangular plate 16: Fixed to the front surface of the monitoring device mounting box 15, it engages with the rectangular groove 11 of the circular plate 10. It strengthens the connection between the monitoring device mounting box 15 and the circular plate 10, ensuring that they move synchronously during rotation and assisting in achieving a locked state after installation.

[0083] Mounting sleeve 17: Fixed to the inner wall of the mounting housing 1, it rotates to connect the connecting rod 18, supporting the rotation of the circular rotating plate 12. It provides a fulcrum for the circular rotating plate 12, ensuring its smooth rotation within the mounting housing 1 and preventing wobbling that could affect monitoring accuracy.

[0084] Connecting rod 18: Its rear end is rotatably connected to the mounting sleeve 17, and its front end is fixed with a circular rotating plate 12 to transmit rotational power. It stably transmits the rotational motion of the circular rotating plate 12 to the mounting sleeve 17, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the monitoring device mounting box 15 when it rotates.

[0085] Circular groove 19: Located inside the mounting housing 1, behind the circular groove 8, with a circular rotating plate 12 slidably connected to its inner wall. It provides a track for the rotation of the circular rotating plate 12, and works in conjunction with the arc-shaped groove 7 to enable multi-dimensional movement and locking of the monitoring device mounting box 15.

[0086] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal strata stress monitoring device for coal mining, characterized in that, include: Install the outer casing (1); The monitoring component is mounted on the mounting housing (1). The monitoring component includes multiple arc-shaped baffles (2), which are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting housing (1) in a circular array. Among them, the opposite sides of multiple arc-shaped baffles (2) are concrete filling spaces, and arc-shaped plates (3) are set inside the multiple concrete filling spaces. The multiple arc-shaped plates (3) are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped baffles (2), and the multiple arc-shaped plates (3) are fixedly connected to the mounting shell (1). Among them, the front surfaces of multiple arc plates (3) are fixedly connected with injection tubes (4), and the rear ends of multiple injection tubes (4) respectively penetrate through the rear surfaces of the corresponding arc plates (3); The monitoring device mounting box (15) is installed inside the mounting shell (1), and both the monitoring device mounting box (15) and the mounting shell (1) are circular.

2. The coal and rock strata stress monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower inner walls of the mounting shell (1) are provided with arc-shaped grooves (7), and the inside of the mounting shell (1) is provided with a circular groove (8). The circular groove (8) is located behind the two arc-shaped grooves (7), and the two arc-shaped grooves (7) are connected to the circular groove (8).

3. The coal and rock strata stress monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting housing (1) has a circular groove (19) inside. The circular groove (19) is located behind the circular groove (8). A circular rotating plate (12) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove (19).

4. A coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting rod (18) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the circular rotating plate (12). An installation sleeve (17) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the rear end of the connecting rod (18). The installation sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation shell (1).

5. A coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front surface of the circular rotating plate (12) is fixedly connected to four springs (13) arranged in a cross shape. The front surface of the four springs (13) is fixedly connected to a circular plate (10). The front surface of the circular plate (10) has two rectangular grooves (11).

6. A coal strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two rectangular slots (11) are fitted with rectangular plates (16), and the two rectangular plates (16) are fixedly connected to the monitoring device mounting box (15).

7. A coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monitoring device mounting box (15) has arc-shaped sliding plates (9) fixedly connected to both sides, and both arc-shaped sliding plates (9) are slidably connected to the circular groove (8).

8. A coal strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring device mounting box (15) has monitoring end placement holes (20) on both the upper and lower surfaces that communicate with its interior. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed inside the monitoring device mounting box (15).

9. A coal and rock strata stress monitoring device for coal mining according to claim 8, characterized in that: A circular sleeve (6) is fixedly installed on the front surface of the monitoring device mounting box (15). A wiring pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular sleeve (6). The wiring pipe (5) passes through the rear surface of the circular sleeve (6). A handle (14) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the circular sleeve (6).

10. A method for monitoring stress in coal and rock strata during coal mining, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S1: First, install holes corresponding to the circular diameter formed by multiple arc plates (3) are opened on the coal and rock layer. After the holes are opened, the installation shell (1) is placed inside the installation holes. S2: Then, concrete is injected into the concrete filling space through multiple injection tubes (4). After the concrete solidifies, multiple arc-shaped baffles (2) are tightly fixed to the coal and rock layer. At this time, multiple arc-shaped baffles (2) form a ring stress transmission structure through the support of concrete. The stress change of the coal and rock layer can be evenly transmitted to the installation shell (1) through the concrete and multiple arc-shaped baffles (2). Then, the monitoring device installation box (15) is picked up as a whole. In this process, multiple arc-shaped baffles (2) are set up, and the opposite surfaces of the multiple arc-shaped baffles (2) form multiple concrete filling spaces, thereby dividing the formed concrete into several pieces. When the coal and rock layer generates shear stress or uneven extrusion, each concrete block can independently bear the stress components in different directions (such as horizontal stress, vertical stress, and lateral stress), and then the combined force is evenly concentrated to the installation shell (1), avoiding the transmission distortion caused by stress concentration in a single large block of concrete, and ensuring that the stress signal received by the monitoring device installation box (15) fully reflects the true stress state of the coal and rock layer. S3: Place the monitoring device mounting box (15) inside the mounting housing (1), and simultaneously make the two arc-shaped sliding plates (9) slide and connect with the two arc-shaped sliding grooves (7), while making the two rectangular plates (16) enter the interior of the two rectangular grooves (11), and then push the monitoring device mounting box (15) backward, thereby pushing the circular plate (10) to move backward. S4: The circular plate (10) compresses the four springs (13) until the rear surfaces of the two arc-shaped sliding plates (9) come into contact with the interior of the circular groove (8). Then, the monitoring device installation box (15) is rotated 90°. At the same time, the monitoring device installation box (15) will drive the circular plate (10) and the circular rotating plate (12) to rotate synchronously through the two rectangular grooves (11), the rectangular plate (16) and the four springs (13). The two arc-shaped sliding plates (9) are set in left and right correspondence. The four springs (13) are reset. The circular groove (8) will restrict the movement of the arc-shaped sliding plates (9), thereby completing the installation of the monitoring device installation box (15). When the coal and rock strata generate stress; The connection between the monitoring device mounting box (15) and the circular plate (10) can be strengthened by setting two rectangular slots (11) and two circular plates (10), and the circular plate (10) can rotate synchronously. S5: The stress is transmitted to the mounting shell (1) through the arc-shaped baffle (2) and the concrete filling space, and then to the monitoring device mounting box (15). S6: The pressure sensor inside the monitoring device mounting box (15) senses stress changes through the monitoring end placement hole (20), and the pressure signal is transmitted to the external data acquisition system through the wiring pipe (5). S7: When the sensor needs to be replaced, the circular sleeve (6) can be rotated by the handle (14) to drive the monitoring device mounting box (15) to rotate in the circular groove (8) through the arc-shaped slide plate (9), so that the two circular slides (19) face the two arc-shaped slides (7). Without the obstruction of the circular groove (8), the four springs (13) are reset and push the monitoring device mounting box (15) to move forward. Then the arc-shaped baffle (2) can be pulled out of the mounting shell (1) as a whole.

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