Photovoltaic module string cyclic static reconstruction method and system based on energy storage unit compensation

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for static reconfiguration of photovoltaic (PV) modules based on energy storage unit compensation, relating to the field of PV power generation technology. The method includes: statically reconfiguring an initial PV array with rows and columns of PV module strings according to column-cycle rules to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology; acquiring the output power data of each row of PV module strings based on this topology and calculating the power difference between rows; determining a target compensation row based on the power difference and a preset distribution level, and determining the corresponding number of distributed energy storage units using an indicator function, where , , and are positive integers; setting a number of distributed energy storage units at the corresponding positions of the target compensation row; and controlling the discharge of the distributed energy storage units at the corresponding positions during operation to compensate for the power difference. This invention optimizes the electrical connection layout through column-cycle static reconfiguration under a TCT structure, combined with precise compensation from energy storage units, effectively solving the maximum power point tracking failure problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and specifically to a method and system for cyclic static reconfiguration of photovoltaic module arrays based on energy storage unit compensation. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the global energy structure transitioning towards clean energy, the photovoltaic industry has become a key force driving this transformation, thanks to its advantages such as accelerated technological iteration and continuous cost reduction. Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) photovoltaic arrays, composed of cross-connected photovoltaic module strings, are widely used in the construction and operation of various photovoltaic power plants due to their excellent power output characteristics and operational reliability.

[0003] In actual operation, photovoltaic (PV) arrays are inevitably affected by shading from clouds, trees, buildings, and other factors. Due to the electrical characteristics of PV cells, shading can cause a nonlinear drop in array output power and even generate localized hot spots that damage the cells, severely impacting power generation efficiency. Research shows that power loss caused by localized shading is not only related to the intensity of the shading but also closely related to the connection structure of the PV modules and the location of the shaded modules. Under uniform illumination, the power-voltage characteristics of a PV array are single-peaked, while localized shading causes it to exhibit multi-peak characteristics, increasing the difficulty of maximum power point tracking and further amplifying mismatch losses. Therefore, mitigating the negative impact of localized shading is crucial for improving PV power generation efficiency.

[0004] To address this issue, existing optimization techniques primarily employ dynamic and static reconfiguration, but both suffer from significant drawbacks. Dynamic reconfiguration relies on complex switch matrices, resulting in a large number of switches, cumbersome control logic, and a high susceptibility to malfunctions due to frequent switching activity, significantly increasing maintenance costs and failure rates. Furthermore, dynamic reconfiguration requires real-time monitoring of shading distribution and topology adjustments, demanding high precision from detection and control equipment. Static reconfiguration, when adjusting the electrical connections of photovoltaic modules, often results in long total electrical connection paths, introducing additional impedance and cost. It also fails to adequately reduce mismatch losses in shading conditions and cannot effectively improve the multi-peak power-voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic array. Moreover, existing photovoltaic array optimization methods have poor compatibility with the retrofitting of older photovoltaic arrays. Most solutions require altering the physical location of photovoltaic modules or large-scale rewiring of electrical circuits, leading to high retrofitting difficulty and implementation costs, making it difficult to meet the optimization and upgrade needs of older photovoltaic arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to solve the problem that local shading causes multiple peaks in the PU characteristic curve of the photovoltaic array, leading to the failure of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT).

[0006] This invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a cyclic static reconfiguration method for photovoltaic module arrays based on energy storage unit compensation, wherein the photovoltaic array is composed of... String of photovoltaic modules A series of photovoltaic module strings are cross-connected to form a TCT structure, including:

[0007] For those with OK The initial photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic module strings is statically reconstructed according to the column cycle rule to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology; Based on the fixed electrical connection topology, the output power data of each row of photovoltaic module strings is obtained; Calculate the power difference of each row using probability and statistics methods. Based on power difference and the preset distribution level Determine the target compensation line, and use an indicator function to determine the number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation line. ,in, , , It is a positive integer; The quantity is set at the corresponding position of the target compensation row. Distributed energy storage units; During operation, the distributed energy storage units at the corresponding locations are controlled to discharge in order to compensate for the power difference in the target compensation row. .

[0008] This invention achieves this by having OK The initial photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic module strings is statically reconstructed according to the column cycle rule to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology. Without changing the physical position of the modules and the string structure, the array structure is optimized only by adjusting the electrical circuits. Based on this fixed electrical connection topology, the output power data of each row is obtained and the power difference is calculated. Then, based on the difference and the preset distribution level, the target compensation row is determined, and the corresponding number of distributed energy storage units is accurately determined using an indicator function. This achieves precise configuration of hardware resources; finally, by setting the quantity at the corresponding position of the target compensation row... The distributed energy storage unit controls its discharge during operation to compensate for the power difference, effectively solving the maximum power point tracking failure problem and ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic array while simplifying the system structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the column loop rule is as follows: the offset step size is set to... ,in, For positive integers, keep the electrical connection positions of the first column of photovoltaic module strings unchanged; for the... A series of photovoltaic module strings, among which, Its electrical connection relative to the first Columns shift downwards along the row direction One row spacing, that is, offset downwards relative to the electrical connection position in column 1. One row spacing; when the offset row number exceeds the total number of rows of the photovoltaic array. At that time, through the model The operation maps it to 1 to Within the valid row number range, complete the electrical connection offset adjustment for all columns to obtain the reconstructed fixed electrical connection topology; wherein, the module The calculation formula is as follows: ,in, The original line number. This is the new line number.

[0010] Furthermore, during the static reconstruction process, the series structure of each row and column of photovoltaic module strings remains unchanged, and the physical position of the photovoltaic modules remains unchanged. Only by rearranging the electrical circuits, the photovoltaic module strings located in different columns in the initial photovoltaic array are redistributed to the electrical series branches to obtain the fixed electrical connection topology.

[0011] Furthermore, a quantity is set at the corresponding position of the target compensation row. The distributed energy storage unit includes: A one-to-one distributed layout is adopted, in which each energy storage unit is fixedly connected to a preset node of the corresponding target compensation row, and the installation position and connection relationship are kept fixed after connection.

[0012] Furthermore, after obtaining the fixed electrical connection topology, the process also includes: Meteorological data, irradiance data, and surrounding shading data for at least one complete calendar year were collected at the photovoltaic array installation site. The collected data were preprocessed to remove outliers. Data was then randomly selected from the preprocessed data according to the principle of independent distribution. A set of actual shadow pattern samples.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes: Determine the ideal maximum output power of each row of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic array under standard shading-free conditions. ; against The actual shadow pattern sample set described in the group is used to calculate the photovoltaic array after cyclic reconstruction. line in Actual output power under the actual shadow mode sample set , Calculate the first using probability and statistics methods line in Power difference in actual shadow mode sample set : ,in, , ; and then construct a probability distribution model, which will be the first All power difference samples in the row As a random variable of power difference An independent sample set is used; statistical analysis is performed on the power difference samples, and the KS test is used to verify whether the samples follow a normal distribution. If they do, the normal distribution parameter is directly determined as the sample mean. and sample variance If the probability distribution does not conform, then the kernel density estimation method is used to fit the empirical probability distribution, and the cumulative distribution function is derived. ;in, Power difference random variable The variable that takes values.

[0014] Furthermore, the method of determining the number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation row using an indicator function. ,include: Set quantile level Regarding the first Random variable of power difference in rows The probability distribution model determines the target compensation line in two cases; Scenario 1: If Follows a normal distribution Then calculate quantile level actual quantiles ;in, quantile level in the standard normal distribution quantiles; definition The area is the compensation interval. The region is the non-compensated interval; Scenario 2: If If it follows an empirical probability distribution, then the equation can be solved using the cumulative distribution function. quantile levels actual quantiles ;definition The area is the compensation interval. The region is the non-compensated interval; Introducing indicator functions ,when When it falls within the compensation interval, and Determine the first Compensation for the behavior; Total number of target compensation rows for which the statistical indicator function result is 1 , ,Right now The number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the total number of target compensation rows.

[0015] This invention also provides a photovoltaic module column cyclic static reconfiguration system based on energy storage unit compensation, comprising: The static refactoring module is used to refactor modules with... OK The initial photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic module strings is statically reconstructed according to the column cycle rule to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the output power data of each row of photovoltaic module strings based on the fixed electrical connection topology; The power difference calculation module is used to calculate the power difference for each row using probabilistic statistical methods. ; Target compensation line determination module, used for determining the line based on power difference and the preset distribution level Identify the target compensation line; The energy storage unit quantity determination module is used to determine the number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation row using an indication function. ,in, , , It is a positive integer; The energy storage unit configuration module is used to set the quantity of units at the corresponding positions of the target compensation row. Distributed energy storage units; The discharge control module is used to control the discharge of distributed energy storage units at corresponding locations during the operation phase to compensate for the power difference of the target compensation line. .

[0016] The present invention also provides a processing device, including at least one processor and at least one memory communicatively connected to the processor, wherein: the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor can execute the above-described method steps by calling the program instructions.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause the computer to perform the above-described method steps.

[0018] The advantages of this invention are: (1) The photovoltaic module of the present invention is statically reconfigured according to the column cycle rule. It only adjusts the electrical circuit connection relationship without changing the physical position and series-parallel structure of the photovoltaic module. Compared with the existing static reconfiguration method, the total length of the electrical connection path is shorter, which effectively reduces the mismatch loss of the photovoltaic array under the shaded conditions. At the same time, it reduces the additional impedance and cost introduced by the wiring and improves the overall power generation of the array.

[0019] (2) This invention provides a precise quantitative basis for energy storage unit configuration by configuring energy storage units to compensate for power differences and calculating the power difference of each row based on probability statistics. The target compensation row is determined by an indicator function, thereby minimizing the configuration of the number of energy storage units and reducing the investment cost of energy storage.

[0020] (3) The energy storage unit of the present invention adopts a distributed layout of "one energy storage unit is only fixedly configured with one row of photovoltaic array", which can accurately match the shadow distribution and power mismatch of each row. The power difference is compensated by the discharge of the energy storage unit, further reducing the mismatch loss under shadow conditions, making the output power of the photovoltaic array more uniform, and reducing the difficulty of maximum power point tracking.

[0021] (4) The overall method of the present invention is easy to implement and does not require large-scale modification of the physical structure of the photovoltaic array. It is applicable to the operation control of various photovoltaic arrays and the renovation of old photovoltaic array fields, and has high practical value and promotion prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the photovoltaic module column cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical topology of the 3-row, 3-column TCT structure photovoltaic array before column cyclic reconstruction in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical topology of the 3-row, 3-column TCT structure photovoltaic array after column cyclic reconstruction in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the normal distribution curve of the power difference random variable and the determination of the compensation interval in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cumulative distribution curve of the power difference random variable and the determination of the compensation interval in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation layout of the distributed energy storage unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 The figures show the output power-voltage (PU) characteristic curves of the initial photovoltaic array, column cyclic reconfiguration, and reconfiguration energy storage compensation in the implementation case of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module column cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation includes: In this embodiment, OK, The TCT structure photovoltaic array is used as the application example, consisting of nine identical photovoltaic sub-arrays (PV Array1~9) cross-connected. Each sub-array is composed of multiple photovoltaic modules connected in series, and its output power is linearly related to the light intensity (when conditions such as temperature remain constant). The light intensity value directly represents the output power level (unit: W / m², rated light intensity under standard test conditions STC is 1000 W / m²). Figure 2 As shown, the initial layout (physical positions unchanged): Row 1: PV Array1 (1000), PV Array2 (1000), PV Array3 (1000), with similar light intensity and minimal impact from shadows; Row 2: PV Array4 (1000), PV Array5 (900), PV Array6 (500), with a clear light gradient, PV Array6 being severely affected by shadows, with a light intensity of 500W / ㎡; Row 3: PV Array7 (800), PV Array8 (500), PV Array9 (700), with uneven light distribution, PV Array8 being severely affected by shadows, with a light intensity of 500W / ㎡. Actual simulation analysis shows that local shadows cause uneven distribution of row / column bus currents, resulting in a multi-peaked PU characteristic curve (e.g., ...). Figure 7 The blue curve (referring to the curve itself) can easily cause MPPT tracking failure, trapping it in local peaks and preventing it from finding the global maximum power point. Set the offset step size for the column cycle. quantile level The meteorological and shading data of the simulated array installation site for one full calendar year are used to provide a detailed explanation of the cyclic static reconfiguration method for photovoltaic module arrays based on energy storage unit compensation.

[0025] Implement column-cycle static reconstruction of photovoltaic modules, setting the offset step size to... The first column is fixed as the base column; the second column is fixed as the base column. List( (relative to the first) The electrical connections of the components in each row of the column are offset downwards. Each row spacing, offset downwards relative to the first column. One row spacing; when the offset row number exceeds the total number of rows in the photovoltaic array. The final position is determined by modulo 3. For example, if the original row 3 is shifted down by 1, the calculation formula is... That is, the new position row number is 1; only the electrical wiring is redistributed without changing the physical location and string structure of the components: The first column remains unchanged. Row 1 corresponds to the original PV Array1, row 2 corresponds to PV Array4, and row 3 corresponds to PV Array7.

[0026] The second column is shifted down one position relative to the first column. Row 2 connects to the original component from row 1 (PV Array2), and row 3 connects to the original component from row 2 (PVArray5). The position of the original row 3 after the offset is... → Modulo 3 equals 1, meaning row 1 connects to the original row 3 component PV Array8.

[0027] The 3rd column is shifted down 1 position relative to the 2nd column (and down 2 positions relative to the 1st column), and the component PV Array3 in the original row 1 is offset and then continues into row 3.

[0028] The position of component PV Array6 in original row 2 after offset = → Modulo 3 equals 1, so it continues to row 1. The original position of component PV Array9 in row 3 after offset = → Modulo 3 equals 2, continue with row 2.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the reconstructed fixed electrical connection topology (row illumination intensity distribution): Row 1: PV Array1 (1000), PV Array8 (500), PV Array6 (500).

[0030] Row 2: PV Array4 (1000), PV Array2 (1000), PV Array9 (700).

[0031] Row 3: PV Array7 (800), PV Array5 (900), PV Array3 (1000).

[0032] During the static reconfiguration process, the series structure of each row and column of photovoltaic module strings remains unchanged, and the physical position of the photovoltaic modules remains unchanged. By rearranging the electrical circuits, the modules located in different columns in the original array are redistributed to new electrical series branches according to the column cycle rule, thus obtaining the reconfigured fixed electrical connection topology.

[0033] Meteorological data, irradiance data, and shadow data of surrounding buildings and vegetation at the photovoltaic array installation site for at least one full calendar year were collected. After preprocessing to remove outliers, data were randomly selected from the preprocessed data according to the principle of independent distribution. Group of actual shadow pattern sample sets (e.g.) Each scenario includes 3 rows of subarrays (actual output power). Assume the ideal power of the photovoltaic array under standard no-shading conditions is... The ideal power of each row of photovoltaic module strings is =1000W; targeting The actual shadow pattern sample set is used to calculate the 1st column after cyclic reconstruction. OK( ) in the Group( Actual output power under actual shadow mode sample set (e.g., the actual shadow pattern sample set in the first group of the first row) =667W).

[0034] Calculate the first using probability and statistics methods line in Power difference in actual shadow mode sample set : (For example =1000-667=333W). Then, a probability distribution model is constructed, and the first... All power difference samples in the row Represented as a random variable of power difference An independent sample set is obtained to lay the data foundation for subsequent target compensation row determination. A systematic statistical analysis is performed on each obtained power difference sample row. The KS test is used to verify whether the samples follow a normal distribution. If they do (e.g., the first row sample), the normal distribution parameter is directly determined as the sample mean. (like =300W) and sample variance (i.e., the average of the sum of squares of the deviations of the sample from the mean, such as) =20000W²); if not, then the kernel density estimation method is used to fit the empirical probability distribution, and the cumulative distribution function is further derived. ;in, Power difference random variable The variable that takes values.

[0035] It should be noted that the KS test is used to verify whether a sample follows a normal distribution. Specifically, each row of power difference samples is substituted into the KS test logic. By comparing the deviation of the sample set from the standard normal distribution, and considering the actual engineering requirements, it is determined whether it follows a simple normal distribution model. If the significance level is greater than the required value, it is determined that the sample follows a normal distribution. The KS test is a nonparametric hypothesis testing method in probability theory.

[0036] The kernel density estimation method is used to fit the empirical probability distribution. Specifically, firstly, for each row of power difference samples, a corresponding Gaussian kernel function is constructed centered on each sample observation point. Each discrete power difference sample point is transformed into a local continuous probability contribution source, thus ensuring that the final fitted probability distribution curve is second-order differentiable, facilitating subsequent numerical integration and quantile calculation. Subsequently, the empirical probability density function of the power difference for that row is obtained by superimposing the Gaussian kernel functions at each sample point. Here, the Gaussian kernel function is the basis function for kernel density estimation.

[0037] Set quantile level This quantile level corresponds to the power difference random variable. The cumulative probability threshold is determined in two cases for the constructed probability distribution model: Scenario 1: If Normal distribution follows a normal distribution Then, based on the properties of the normal distribution quantiles, calculate... quantile level actual quantiles ;in, Quantities of the standard normal distribution quantiles ( This represents the 0.8 quantile of the standard normal distribution. ≈419W), such as Figure 4 As shown. This is the dividing point on the horizontal axis of the normal distribution; the region to the right of the horizontal axis corresponds to... The situation is determined to be a compensation interval, with the area on the left side of the horizontal axis corresponding to... In this case, it is determined to be a non-compensated interval.

[0038] Scenario 2: If It follows an empirical probability distribution and is obtained through the cumulative distribution function. Solve the equation ,get quantile level actual quantiles ;like Figure 5 As shown. This is the dividing point on the horizontal axis of the empirical probability distribution; the region to the right of the horizontal axis corresponds to... The situation is determined to be a compensation interval, with the area on the left side of the horizontal axis corresponding to... In this case, it is determined to be a non-compensated interval.

[0039] Introducing indicator functions ,when hour, Determine the first Behavioral goal compensation. When hour, Determine the first Non-target compensation rows do not require compensation. The total number of target compensation rows whose indicator function result is 1 is denoted as... ,Right now ,Should The value represents the minimum number of distributed energy storage units required for a photovoltaic array.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation layout of a distributed energy storage unit, based on a fixed electrical topology of a 3x3 TCT structure photovoltaic array after "column cyclic static reconfiguration". Figure 3 After the topology is reconfigured, the physical locations of the components remain unchanged; energy storage units are only configured in rows designated as "target compensation rows," while non-target compensation rows maintain their original electrical connections. This is achieved through indicator functions. Determine the target compensation line, configure one distributed energy storage unit per line, and connect it in parallel to the preset node of that line via redistribution lines. This unit includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter. After connection, it is fixedly installed and not moved to other lines, without changing the physical location of the components or the reconfigured topology, to compensate for the power difference through discharge. Non-target compensation lines ( No energy storage unit is configured.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, after column cycle reconstruction, the heavily shaded subarrays (original Array6 and Array8, 500W / ㎡) are dispersed across columns, the row power difference is reduced, and the PU curve changes from multi-peak to double-peak (red curve); after the energy storage unit discharge compensation, the row power approaches the ideal power, the PU curve becomes single-peak (black curve), and MPPT tracking changes from multi-peak stagnation to precise tracking single peak.

[0042] This embodiment uses column-cycle static reconstruction of a 3×3 TCT array ( The simulation, employing modulo-3 operations and compensation from a single distributed energy storage unit, verified the synergistic effectiveness of static reconfiguration of photovoltaic module rows and power difference compensation from energy storage units: reconfiguring to balance row power, accurately adjusting energy storage differentials, and achieving PU peak simplification and power enhancement. The photovoltaic array single-row and column power parameters set in this simulation were simplified equivalently to adapt to the simulation computing power; all relevant parameters can be flexibly adjusted and adapted according to the actual photovoltaic power plant's module model, rated power, and array size.

[0043] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module column cyclic static reconfiguration system based on energy storage unit compensation, including: The static refactoring module is used to refactor modules with... OK The initial photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic module strings is statically reconstructed according to the column cycle rule to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology.

[0044] Specifically, it includes: a column loop rule execution unit, used to set the offset step size. ,in, For positive integers, keep the electrical connection positions of the first column of photovoltaic module strings unchanged; for the... A series of photovoltaic module strings, among which, Its electrical connection relative to the first Columns shift downwards along the row direction One row spacing, that is, offset downwards relative to the electrical connection position in column 1. One row spacing; when the offset row number exceeds the total number of rows in the photovoltaic array. At that time, through the model The operation maps it to 1 to Within the valid row number range, complete the electrical connection offset adjustment for all columns to form the reconstructed fixed electrical connection topology; among which, the module The calculation formula is as follows: in, The original line number. This is the new line number.

[0045] The static reconfiguration constraint unit is used during the static reconfiguration process. The series structure of each row and column of photovoltaic module strings remains unchanged, and the physical position of the photovoltaic modules remains unchanged. Only by rearranging the electrical lines, the photovoltaic module strings located in different columns in the initial photovoltaic array are redistributed to the electrical series branches to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology.

[0046] The distributed energy storage unit configuration unit is used to adopt a one-to-one distributed layout, and to fix each energy storage unit to a preset node of the corresponding target compensation row, and to keep the installation position and connection relationship fixed after connection.

[0047] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the output power data of each row of photovoltaic module strings based on a fixed electrical connection topology.

[0048] Specifically, this includes: a historical data sampling unit, used to collect meteorological data, irradiance data, and surrounding shading data for at least one complete natural year at the photovoltaic array installation site. After preprocessing to remove outliers, data is randomly selected according to the principle of independent distribution. A set of actual shadow pattern samples.

[0049] The power difference calculation module is used to calculate the power difference for each row using probabilistic statistical methods. .

[0050] Specifically, it includes: a power calculation unit used to determine the ideal maximum output power of each row of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic array under standard shading-free conditions. ;against A set of actual shadow pattern samples was used to calculate the photovoltaic array after cyclic reconstruction. line in Actual output power under the actual shadow mode sample set ; Calculate the first using probability and statistics methods line in Power difference in actual shadow mode sample set : ,in, , ; and then construct a probability distribution model, which will be the first All power difference samples in the row As a random variable of power difference An independent sample set is used; statistical analysis is performed on the power difference samples, and the KS test is used to verify whether the samples follow a normal distribution. If they do, the normal distribution parameter is directly determined as the sample mean. and sample variance If the probability distribution does not conform, then the kernel density estimation method is used to fit the empirical probability distribution, and the cumulative distribution function is derived. ;in, Power difference random variable The variable that takes values.

[0051] Target compensation line determination module, used for determining the line based on power difference and the preset distribution level Determine the target compensation line.

[0052] Specifically, it includes: a target compensation line determination unit, used to set the quantile level. Regarding the first Random variable of power difference in rows The probability distribution model determines the target compensation line in two cases: Scenario 1: If Follows a normal distribution Then calculate quantile level actual quantiles ;in, quantile level in the standard normal distribution quantiles; definition The area is the compensation interval. The region is the non-compensated interval.

[0053] Scenario 2: If If it follows an empirical probability distribution, then the equation can be solved using the cumulative distribution function. quantile levels actual quantiles ;definition The area is the compensation interval. The region is the non-compensated interval.

[0054] Introducing indicator functions ,when When it falls into the compensation range, and Determine the first Behavioral compensation.

[0055] The energy storage unit quantity determination module is used to determine the number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation row using an indicator function. ,in, , , It is a positive integer.

[0056] The compensation row statistics unit is used to count the total number of target compensation rows where the result of the indicator function is 1. , ,Right now The number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the total number of target compensation rows.

[0057] The energy storage unit configuration module is used to set the quantity at the corresponding position of the target compensation line. Distributed energy storage units.

[0058] The discharge control module is used to control the discharge of distributed energy storage units at corresponding locations during the operation phase to compensate for the power difference of the target compensation line. .

[0059] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3 of the present invention also provides a processing device, including at least one processor and at least one memory communicatively connected to the processor, wherein: the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor can execute the method steps of Embodiment 1 by calling the program instructions.

[0060] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 4 of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause the computer to perform the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cyclic static reconfiguration of photovoltaic assembly columns based on compensation of energy storage units, the photovoltaic array being composed of rows of photovoltaic assembly strings and columns of photovoltaic assembly strings cross-connected in a TCT structure, characterized in that include: to have row The initial photovoltaic array of the row photovoltaic module string is statically reconstructed according to the row circulation rule to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology. Based on the fixed electrical connection topology, the output power data of each row of photovoltaic module strings is obtained; Calculate the power difference of each row using probability and statistics methods. Based on power difference and the preset distribution level Determine the target compensation line, and use an indicator function to determine the number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation line. ,in, , , It is a positive integer; The quantity is set at the corresponding position of the target compensation row. Distributed energy storage units; During operation, the distributed energy storage units at the corresponding locations are controlled to discharge in order to compensate for the power difference in the target compensation row. .

2. The photovoltaic module array cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column loop rule is as follows: The offset step size is set to... ,in, For positive integers, keep the electrical connection positions of the first column of photovoltaic module strings unchanged; for the... A series of photovoltaic module strings, among which, Its electrical connection relative to the first Columns shift downwards along the row direction One row spacing, that is, offset downwards relative to the electrical connection position in column 1. One row spacing; when the offset row number exceeds the total number of rows of the photovoltaic array. At that time, through the model The operation maps it to 1 to Within the valid row number range, complete the electrical connection offset adjustment for all columns to obtain the reconstructed fixed electrical connection topology; wherein, the module The calculation formula is as follows: ,in, The original line number. This is the new line number.

3. The photovoltaic module array cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the static reconstruction process, the series structure of each row and column of photovoltaic module strings remains unchanged, and the physical position of the photovoltaic modules remains unchanged. Only by rearranging the electrical circuits, the photovoltaic module strings located in different columns in the initial photovoltaic array are redistributed to the electrical series branches to obtain the fixed electrical connection topology.

4. The photovoltaic module array cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantity is set at the corresponding position of the target compensation row. The distributed energy storage unit includes: A one-to-one distributed layout is adopted, in which each energy storage unit is fixedly connected to a preset node of the corresponding target compensation row, and the installation position and connection relationship are kept fixed after connection.

5. The photovoltaic module array cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before obtaining the output power data of each row of photovoltaic module strings, the process also includes: Meteorological data, irradiance data, and surrounding shading data for at least one complete calendar year were collected at the photovoltaic array installation site. The collected data were preprocessed to remove outliers. Data was then randomly selected from the preprocessed data according to the principle of independent distribution. A set of actual shadow pattern samples.

6. The photovoltaic module array cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Determine the ideal maximum output power of each row of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic array under standard shading-free conditions. ; against The actual shadow pattern sample set described in the group is used to calculate the photovoltaic array after cyclic reconstruction. line in Actual output power under the actual shadow mode sample set ; Calculate the first using probability and statistics methods line in Power difference in actual shadow mode sample set : ,in, , ; and then construct a probability distribution model, which will be the first All power difference samples in the row As a random variable of power difference An independent sample set; statistical analysis is performed on the power difference samples, and the KS test is used to verify whether the samples follow a normal distribution. If they do, the normal distribution parameter is directly determined as the sample mean. and sample variance If the probability distribution does not conform, then the kernel density estimation method is used to fit the empirical probability distribution, and the cumulative distribution function is derived. ;in, Power difference random variable The variable that can take values.

7. The photovoltaic module array cyclic static reconfiguration method based on energy storage unit compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation row is determined using an indicator function. ,include: Set quantile level Regarding the first Random variable of power difference in rows The probability distribution model determines the target compensation line in two cases: Scenario 1: If Follows a normal distribution Then calculate quantile level actual quantiles ;in, quantile level in the standard normal distribution quantiles; definition The area is the compensation interval. The region is the non-compensated interval; Scenario 2: If If it follows an empirical probability distribution, then the equation can be solved using the cumulative distribution function. quantile levels actual quantiles ;definition The area is the compensation interval. The region is the non-compensated interval; Introducing indicator functions ,when When it falls within the compensation interval, and Determine the first Compensation for the behavior; Total number of target compensation rows for which the statistical indicator function result is 1 , ,Right now The number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the total number of target compensation rows.

8. A photovoltaic module column cyclic static reconfiguration system based on energy storage unit compensation, characterized in that, include: The static refactoring module is used to refactor modules with... OK The initial photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic module strings is statically reconstructed according to the column cycle rule to obtain a fixed electrical connection topology; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the output power data of each row of photovoltaic module strings based on the fixed electrical connection topology; The power difference calculation module is used to calculate the power difference for each row using probabilistic statistical methods. ; Target compensation line determination module, used for determining the line based on power difference and the preset distribution level Identify the target compensation line; The energy storage unit quantity determination module is used to determine the number of distributed energy storage units corresponding to the target compensation row using an indication function. ,in, , , It is a positive integer; The energy storage unit configuration module is used to set the quantity of units at the corresponding positions of the target compensation row. Distributed energy storage units; The discharge control module is used to control the discharge of distributed energy storage units at corresponding locations during the operation phase to compensate for the power difference of the target compensation line. .

9. A processing device, characterized in that, The method includes at least one processor and at least one memory communicatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor can execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 by invoking the program instructions.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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