Propane isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device and method of using same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of chemical equipment technology, and more particularly to a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device and its usage method. The propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device includes a tank body, within which are coaxial inner and outer ring plates that allow the passage of reactant gases; a disc that seals the top openings of the inner and outer ring plates; an annular lifting disc that slides against the inner and outer ring plates; and a drive mechanism for raising and lowering the lifting disc. The inner and outer ring plates, the disc, and the lifting disc together form a catalyst chamber. A catalyst inlet is located on the disc. An electric valve and a sealed discharge pipe penetrating the bottom of the tank are located at the bottom of the lifting disc. An inlet pipe, sealed and connected to the inner ring plate, is located at the bottom of the tank. An outlet pipe is located above the side wall of the tank. The propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device provided by this invention has low production and manufacturing costs, is less prone to catalyst particle damage during catalyst bed filling, and exhibits high catalyst bed filling uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical equipment technology, and in particular to a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation refers to a highly efficient catalytic dehydrogenation reaction using propane and isobutane as raw materials under suitable temperature, pressure, and catalyst conditions, ultimately yielding high-purity propylene and isobutene, while simultaneously producing hydrogen as a byproduct. The propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation reaction can be carried out in fixed-bed reactors, fluidized-bed reactors, and moving-bed reactors.

[0003] Patent application CN202110830961.5 discloses a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor, including a shell and a catalyst chamber. The catalyst chamber is formed by an inner ring plate, an outer ring plate, a bottom arc plate, and a top sealing plate. The upper ends of the inner and outer ring plates are suspended from the top of the shell by inner and outer ring suspension plates, respectively, so that the bottom arc plate at the bottom of the catalyst chamber is spaced a certain distance from the inner surface of the bottom of the shell. The lower end of the inner ring plate, which serves as a gas collecting pipe, is connected to a gas bottom sealing plate, which is connected to a gas inlet pipe passing through the bottom of the shell. Both the inner and outer ring plates are composite structures of grid plates stacked on a Johnson mesh, with the Johnson mesh located on the catalyst side. This reactor has a uniform flow field and low pressure drop. Under conditions of large diameter and high bed thickness, it can ensure that the sidewall of the catalyst chamber does not become unstable. In corrosive gas environments, the inner and outer ring plates have a long service life, and the catalyst is not easily clogged by the mesh, ensuring smooth flow of the reactant gas. However, the above technical solutions have the following problems: First, the moving bed reactor is characterized by a continuously flowing bed, which requires high precision in process parameter control and results in high production and manufacturing costs; second, the catalyst bed in the radial reactor is relatively high, and the catalyst particles fall from a great height during the initial loading, making them prone to damage and breakage under impact, affecting the uniformity of the catalyst particle size and thus the catalytic effect; finally, during catalyst loading, the annular catalyst bed in the radial reactor is not easily filled uniformly, affecting the catalytic effect.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device that has low production and manufacturing costs, is not easily damaged during catalyst bed loading, and has high catalyst bed loading uniformity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device, comprising a tank body, wherein the tank body is provided with an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate that are coaxial and allow the reaction gas to pass through, a disc that seals the top openings of the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate, an annular lifting disc that can slide against the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate, and a drive mechanism for driving the lifting disc to rise and fall. The inner ring plate, the outer ring plate, the disc, and the lifting disc together form a catalyst chamber. The disc is provided with a catalyst inlet. The bottom of the lifting disc is provided with an electric valve and a sealed discharge pipe that penetrates the bottom of the tank body. The bottom of the tank body is provided with an inlet pipe that is sealed and connected to the inner ring plate, and the upper side wall of the tank body is provided with an outlet pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the tank body includes a tank body with an open top, a tank cover at the top of the tank body, and support legs at the bottom of the tank body; the bottom of the tank body is provided with a connecting pipe for inserting a discharge pipe, and the bottom of the connecting pipe is provided with a switch valve; multiple electric valves, discharge pipes, connecting pipes, and switch valves are provided circumferentially; the bottom of the inner wall of the tank body is provided with several support rods, and the top of the support rods is fixed with a support ring; an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate are fixed on the support ring; the support ring is provided with a through hole through which the electric valve and the discharge pipe pass.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a vertical shaft rotatably mounted on the top of the inner wall of the tank. The shaft is coaxially equipped with a gear and a winding reel from top to bottom. The winding reel is connected to a traction rope. The traction rope slides into the catalyst chamber from the upper end face of the outer ring plate and is connected to the lifting plate. The side wall of the disc is provided with a gear ring that can rotate and mesh with the gear. The shaft, gear, winding reel and traction rope are all provided in two circumferentially equidistant positions. A motor connected to one shaft is provided on the top of the tank.

[0008] Preferably, a support seat is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the outer ring plate, and a turntable bearing is provided on the upper end face of the support seat. The turntable bearing is connected to the bottom of the winding wheel. The outer ring plate includes two arc-shaped vent plates. A reinforcing rib is provided at the joint of the two vent plates. The support seat is fixed on the outer side wall of the reinforcing rib. The inner side wall and the upper end face of the reinforcing rib are respectively provided with traction grooves for the traction rope to pass through. The outer side wall of the lifting plate is provided with a traction block that slides with the traction groove. The traction rope is fixed on the traction block.

[0009] Preferably, the disc is rotatably connected to the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate, and the disc can rotate with the gear ring. The cylindrical catalyst chamber with openings at both ends is fixed to the top of the tank. The bottom of the catalyst chamber passes through the tank and is rotatably connected to the disc. The catalyst chamber is equipped with a sealing cover that can seal the catalyst inlet under control. The top of the catalyst chamber is detachably equipped with a top cover.

[0010] Preferably, the disc includes a circular disc body, a limiting ring is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the disc body, the bottom of the catalyst chamber is sealed and inserted into the limiting ring, and a plug shaft that can be inserted into the inner ring plate is provided at the center of the lower end face of the disc body. The plug shaft is connected to the inner ring plate through a bearing, and a catalyst inlet is provided on the disc body.

[0011] Preferably, the disc body and the outer wall of the limiting ring form a stepped groove, a toothed ring is rotatably provided in the stepped groove, the inner wall of the toothed ring is fixedly connected to a first internal toothed ratchet, the outer wall of the limiting ring is provided with a first groove, a first spring is fixedly provided in the first groove, the first spring is connected to a first pawl, and when the winding reel unwinds, the toothed ring and the disc rotate synchronously.

[0012] Preferably, a second internal toothed ratchet is fixedly provided on the upper end face of the limiting ring, a second groove is provided on the outer side wall of the catalyst chamber, a second spring is fixedly provided in the second groove, the second spring is connected to the second pawl, and the teeth of the second internal toothed ratchet are opposite to those of the first internal toothed ratchet.

[0013] Preferably, the catalyst inlet is a rectangular opening with the same radial length as the catalyst chamber. The sealing cap includes a circular cap body capable of damped rotation relative to the disc body. The cap body has a communication opening with the same shape as the catalyst inlet. The lower end face of the cap body has an insertion groove, and the upper end face of the disc body has a third groove. The third groove contains a connected third spring and an insertion block. The insertion block can be rotatably inserted into or removed from the insertion groove. When the insertion block is inserted into the insertion groove, the catalyst inlet is aligned with the communication opening. A tapered portion is provided at the center of the upper end face of the cap body, and a handle is connected to the top of the tapered portion.

[0014] This invention provides a method of using a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Drive the lifting plate to the highest point through the drive mechanism, at which point the distance between the disc and the lifting plate is the shortest; Step S2: The catalyst is loaded into the catalyst chamber from the catalyst inlet of the disc. At the same time, the drive mechanism drives the lifting disc to descend slowly. The descent speed of the lifting disc is consistent with the catalyst loading speed. Step S3: When the lifting plate descends to the lowest point, the catalyst chamber is filled with catalyst. The catalyst inlet is then sealed to complete the catalyst loading. Step S4: The propane-isobutylene mixture heated to the reaction temperature is introduced into the inner ring plate through the inlet pipe. The propane-isobutylene mixture passes radially through the catalyst bed to carry out the dehydrogenation reaction. The dehydrogenated mixture flows from the annular space between the outer ring plate and the tank to the outlet pipe. Step S5: When the catalyst needs to be replaced, after purging the reaction gas in the tank, open the electric valve. After the catalyst flows out from the discharge pipe, close the electric valve and refill the catalyst chamber with catalyst.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The catalyst bed in the propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation reactor of this invention is a radially fixed bed, which has low production and manufacturing costs; 2. The catalyst chamber of the propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation reactor is formed by an inner ring plate, an outer ring plate, a disc, and a lifting disc. The lifting disc at the bottom of the catalyst chamber can be vertically raised and lowered under the drive of the drive mechanism, so that the distance between the lifting disc and the disc can be controlled during catalyst loading. This effectively controls the falling distance of the catalyst, effectively avoids the catalyst particles from breaking under the impact of falling, ensures the structural integrity and dimensional stability of the catalyst, thereby improving the catalytic effect of the catalyst and increasing the reaction yield of propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation. 3. The motor of the drive mechanism drives two winding wheels to rotate in the forward and reverse directions, so that the traction rope on the two winding wheels is wound and unwound synchronously. This drives the lifting plate connected to the traction rope to rise and fall smoothly. By controlling the rise and fall of the lifting plate through the traction rope, the space occupied by the drive mechanism in the catalyst chamber can be greatly reduced, and the uniformity of catalyst loading can be improved. The two gears and gear ring form a meshing transmission structure, so only one motor is needed to drive the two winding wheels to rotate at the same time, reducing the number of motors used. 4. The disc is rotatably connected to the inner and outer ring plates, allowing the catalyst to be rotated and fed into the catalyst chamber, thus improving the uniformity of catalyst loading. 5. A first internal toothed ratchet is provided between the gear ring of the drive mechanism and the limiting ring of the disc. At the same time, a first spring and a first pawl are provided on the side wall of the limiting ring. The first internal toothed ratchet, the first spring and the first pawl form a ratchet and pawl mechanism. By providing a ratchet and pawl mechanism between the gear ring and the disc, the disc can be made to not rotate when the lifting disc rises and to rotate to release material when the lifting disc falls, thereby reducing unnecessary rotation of the disc and improving the overall service life of the equipment. 6. The second internal ratchet, the second spring, and the second pawl form a ratchet-pawl mechanism, and the teeth of the second internal ratchet are opposite to those of the first internal ratchet, which can improve the stability of the unidirectional rotation of the disk; 7. The catalyst inlet on the disc is a rectangular opening with the same radial length as the catalyst chamber, so the catalyst can fill the catalyst chamber evenly and improve the uniformity of catalyst loading. 8. The third spring and the plug block on the disc can be rotated and inserted into the plug groove at the bottom of the sealing cover, so that the disc can automatically engage with the sealing cover while rotating, thereby opening the catalyst inlet on the disc for rotating feeding, which is convenient to operate; In summary, the propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device provided by this invention has low production and manufacturing costs, the catalyst particles are not easily damaged during catalyst bed filling, and the catalyst bed filling uniformity is high. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a right view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-section view; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the image; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part B in the image; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer ring plate. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting plate structure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disk structure; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first internal toothed ratchet, the first spring, and the first pawl. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second internal toothed ratchet, the second spring, and the second pawl. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cap structure; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the third spring and the plug block.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tank body; 101. Tank body; 102. Tank cover; 103. Support leg; 104. Connecting pipe; 105. Switch valve; 106. Air inlet pipe; 107. Air outlet pipe; 108. Support rod; 109. Support ring; 110. Through hole; 2. Inner ring plate; 3. Outer ring plate; 301. Ventilation plate; 302. Reinforcing rib; 303. Traction groove; 4. Disc; 401. Disc body; 402. Limiting ring; 403. Insertion shaft; 404. Third groove; 405. Catalyst inlet; 406. Step groove; 407. First groove; 5. Lifting disc; 501. Electric valve; 502. Discharge pipe; 503. Traction block; 6. 1. Drive mechanism; 601. Shaft; 602. Gear; 603. Winding reel; 604. Traction rope; 605. Gear ring; 606. Motor; 7. Catalyst chamber; 8. Support seat; 801. Turntable bearing; 9. Catalyst compartment; 901. Second groove; 10. Sealing cover; 1001. Cover body; 1002. Connecting port; 1003. Insertion groove; 1004. Conical part; 1005. Handle; 11. Top cover; 12. First internal tooth ratchet; 13. First spring; 14. First pawl; 15. Second internal tooth ratchet; 16. Second spring; 17. Second pawl; 18. Third spring; 19. Insertion block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention. Example 1

[0020] Combined with appendix Figure 1-12 This embodiment provides a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device, including a tank 1. The tank 1 has an inner ring plate 2 and an outer ring plate 3 that are coaxial and allow the reaction gas to pass through. A disc 4 seals the top openings of the inner ring plate 2 and the outer ring plate 3. An annular lifting disc 5 that can slide against the inner ring plate 2 and the outer ring plate 3 is also included. A drive mechanism 6 drives the lifting disc 5 to move up and down. The inner ring plate 2, the outer ring plate 3, the disc 4, and the lifting disc 5 together form a catalyst chamber 7. The disc 4 has a catalyst inlet 405. The bottom of the lifting disc 5 has an electric valve 501 and a discharge pipe 502 that seals and penetrates the bottom of the tank 1. The bottom of the tank 1 has an inlet pipe 106 that is sealed and connected to the inner ring plate 2. The top of the side wall of the tank 1 has an outlet pipe 107.

[0021] In the above technical solution, tank 1 can be a heated tank with a heating coil or an insulated tank without a heating coil; the coaxial inner ring plate 2 and outer ring plate 3 are the conventional structure of a radial dehydrogenation reactor, and the catalyst is packed between the inner ring plate 2 and outer ring plate 3. The inner ring plate 2 and outer ring plate 3 adopt the conventional structure of existing technology, usually a grid or a composite structure of grid, asbestos and filter screen. The inner ring plate 2 and outer ring plate 3 can be directly installed at the bottom of tank 1 or spaced apart from the bottom of tank 1 by support members; drive mechanism 6 Conventional lifting drive components such as cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, and lead screw assemblies can be used to drive the lifting plate 5 to rise and fall vertically. When the lifting plate 5 rises to its highest point, the distance between the lifting plate 5 and the disc 4 is preferably 5-20 cm. Multiple catalyst inlets 405 on the disc 4 can be equidistantly arranged around its circumference. In use, the lifting plate 5 is driven to its highest point by the drive mechanism 6. At this point, the distance between the disc 4 and the lifting plate 5 is the shortest, and the impact force on the catalyst when it contacts the lifting plate 5 is minimized, effectively preventing catalyst particles from breaking under falling impact. Catalyst is loaded into the catalyst chamber 7 from the catalyst inlets 405 of the disc 4. At the same time, the drive mechanism 6 drives the lifting plate 5 to descend slowly, and the descent speed of the lifting plate 5 is consistent with the catalyst loading speed. During this process, the falling distance of the catalyst particles is always kept to a minimum, preventing breakage under falling impact and ensuring the structural integrity of the catalyst. When the lifting plate 5 descends to its lowest point, the catalyst chamber 7 is filled with catalyst, and the catalyst inlets 405 are sealed to complete the catalyst loading. Propane and isobutylene heated to the reaction temperature are then mixed. Gas enters the inner ring plate 2 through the inlet pipe 106. The inner ring plate 2 refers to the central cavity of the inner ring plate 2, which can be connected with the inlet pipe 106 to form an inlet channel. The propane-isobutylene mixture passes radially through the catalyst bed from the inner ring plate 2 to carry out the dehydrogenation reaction. The dehydrogenated mixture flows from the annular space between the outer ring plate 3 and the tank 1 to the outlet pipe 107. When the catalyst needs to be replaced, the reaction gas in the tank 1 is emptied and the electric valve 501 is opened. After the catalyst flows out from the outlet pipe 502, the electric valve 501 is closed and the catalyst is refilled into the catalyst chamber 7.

[0022] In this embodiment, the catalyst bed of the propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation reactor is a radially fixed bed, which has low production and manufacturing costs. The catalyst chamber 7 is formed by an inner ring plate 2, an outer ring plate 3, a disc 4, and a lifting disc 5. The lifting disc 5 at the bottom of the catalyst chamber 7 can be vertically raised and lowered under the drive of the drive mechanism 6, so that the distance between the lifting disc 5 and the disc 4 can be controlled when the catalyst is loaded. This effectively controls the falling distance of the catalyst, avoids the catalyst particles from being damaged under the impact of falling, ensures the structural integrity and dimensional stability of the catalyst, thereby improving the catalytic effect of the catalyst and increasing the reaction yield of propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation.

[0023] In one specific technical solution, the tank body 1 includes a tank body 101 with an open top, a tank cover 102 at the top of the tank body 101, and support legs 103 at the bottom of the tank body 101; the bottom of the tank body 101 is provided with a connecting pipe 104 for inserting a discharge pipe 502, and the bottom of the connecting pipe 104 is provided with a switch valve 105; multiple electric valves 501, discharge pipes 502, connecting pipes 104, and switch valves 105 are circumferentially spaced; the bottom of the inner wall of the tank body 101 is provided with several support rods 108, and a support ring 109 is fixedly provided at the top of the support rods 108; an inner ring plate 2 and an outer ring plate 3 are fixed on the support ring 109; the support ring 109 is provided with a through hole 110 through which the electric valve 501 and the discharge pipe 502 pass.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the connecting pipe 104 and the switch valve 105 at the bottom of the tank 1 can protect the discharge pipe 502 and further improve the sealing effect of the tank 1. When the lifting plate 5 rises, the discharge pipe 502 moves away from the bottom of the tank 1. At this time, since the switch valve 105 on the connecting pipe 104 is in a closed state, the bottom of the tank 1 is still in a sealed state. When the lifting plate 5 falls back to its original position, the discharge pipe 502 is inserted into the connecting pipe 104, so that the discharge pipe 502 will not be exposed outside the tank 1, thus improving the cleanliness and service life of the discharge pipe 502. The support rod 108 inside the tank 1 supports the support ring 109 and the inner ring plate 2 and outer ring plate 3 installed on the support ring 109, so that the inner ring plate 2 and outer ring plate 3 are spaced apart from the bottom of the tank 1, providing flow space for the dehydrogenated reaction gas passing through the catalyst bed and improving the uniformity of the internal temperature distribution of the tank 1.

[0025] In one specific technical solution, the drive mechanism 6 includes a vertical shaft 601 rotatably mounted on the top of the inner wall of the tank 1. The shaft 601 is coaxially provided with a gear 602 and a winding reel 603 from top to bottom. The winding reel 603 is connected to a traction rope 604. The traction rope 604 is sealed and slidably entered the catalyst chamber 7 from the upper end face of the outer ring plate 3 and then connected to the lifting plate 5. The side wall of the disc 4 is provided with a gear ring 605 that can rotate and mesh with the gear 602. The shaft 601, gear 602, winding reel 603 and traction rope 604 are all provided in two circumferentially equidistant positions. The top of the tank 1 is provided with a motor 606 connected to one of the shafts 601.

[0026] In the above technical solution, since the gear ring 605 needs to mesh and rotate with the gear 602, there are multiple connection scenarios between the gear ring 605 and the disc 4. When the disc 4 is fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the inner ring plate 2 and the outer ring plate 3, the gear ring 605 can be rotatably connected to the disc 4 through a bearing or a rotating sleeve. When the disc 4 is rotatably installed on the upper surfaces of the inner ring plate 2 and the outer ring plate 3, the gear ring 605 can be directly fixed to the outer wall of the disc 4, or it can be connected to the disc 4 through a ratchet and pawl mechanism, allowing the disc 4 to rotate unidirectionally with the gear ring 605. The motor 606 drives the two winding wheels 603 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions, causing the traction rope 604 on the two winding wheels 603 to simultaneously wind and unwind, thereby driving the lifting plate 5 connected to the traction rope 604 to rise and fall smoothly. The lifting plate 5 is controlled by the traction rope 604. The lifting and lowering of the lifting plate 5 can significantly reduce the space occupied by the drive mechanism 6 in the catalyst chamber 7 and improve the uniformity of catalyst loading. The two gears 602 and the gear ring 605 form a meshing transmission structure, so only one motor 606 is needed to drive the two winding wheels 603 to rotate simultaneously, reducing the number of motors 606 used. In this invention, forward rotation is used as the rotation direction during winding, and reverse rotation is used as the rotation direction during unwinding. Forward rotation and reverse rotation are not simply clockwise and counterclockwise rotation. Forward rotation refers to the rotation direction of the two shafts 601, the two gears 602, the two winding wheels 603, and the gear ring 605 during winding. That is, the rotation directions of the two shafts 601, the two gears 602, the two winding wheels 603, and the gear ring 605 can be different during winding, and the same applies to reverse rotation.

[0027] In one specific technical solution, a support seat 8 is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the outer ring plate 3, and a turntable bearing 801 is provided on the upper end face of the support seat 8. The turntable bearing 801 is connected to the bottom of the winding wheel 603. The outer ring plate 3 includes two arc-shaped ventilated plates 301. A reinforcing rib 302 is provided at the joint of the two ventilated plates 301. The support seat 8 is fixed on the outer side wall of the reinforcing rib 302. The inner side wall and the upper end face of the reinforcing rib 302 are respectively provided with traction grooves 303 for the traction rope 604 to pass through. The outer side wall of the lifting plate 5 is provided with a traction block 503 that slides with the traction groove 303. The traction rope 604 is fixed on the traction block 503.

[0028] In the above technical solution, a support seat 8 is provided on the outer side wall of the outer ring plate 3, which can support the winding wheel 603, improve the stability of the winding wheel 603, and thus improve the lifting stability of the lifting plate 5. The support seat 8 is connected to the winding wheel 603 through the turntable bearing 801, which can reduce the rotational resistance of the winding wheel 603. The reinforcing rib 302, as a component of the outer ring plate 3, has a higher structural strength than the vent plate 301, which can improve the overall structural strength of the outer ring plate 3 and improve the traction stability of the traction rope 604. At the same time, the traction rope 604 slides in the traction groove 303 of the reinforcing rib 302, which completely eliminates the influence of the traction rope 604 on the catalyst filling and improves the uniformity of catalyst filling. The outer side wall of the lifting plate 5 is provided with a traction block 503 that slides in cooperation with the traction groove 303, which can prevent the lifting plate 5 from circumferentially sliding and further improve the lifting stability of the lifting plate 5.

[0029] In one specific technical solution, the disc 4 is rotatably connected to the inner ring plate 2 and the outer ring plate 3. The disc 4 can rotate with the gear ring 605. The cylindrical catalyst chamber 9 with openings at both ends is fixed to the top of the tank body 1. The bottom of the catalyst chamber 9 passes through the tank body 1 and is rotatably connected to the disc 4. The catalyst chamber 9 is provided with a sealing cover 10 that can seal the catalyst inlet 405 under control. The top of the catalyst chamber 9 is detachably provided with an upper cover 11.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the catalyst chamber 9 can be fixed on the top of the tank 1 in any suitable manner. The disc 4 is rotatably connected to the inner ring plate 2 and the outer ring plate 3, so that the catalyst can be rotated and fed into the catalyst chamber 7, improving the uniformity of catalyst loading. The catalyst chamber 9 can be used as a buffer chamber to pre-fill the catalyst. The sealing cover 10 can seal the catalyst inlet 405 to prevent the catalyst in the catalyst chamber 9 from contacting the catalyst chamber 7. The top cover 11 can seal the upper opening of the catalyst chamber 9, fully protecting the catalyst in the catalyst chamber 9 and preventing heat loss.

[0031] In one specific technical solution, the disk 4 includes a circular disk body 401, a limiting ring 402 is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the disk body 401, the bottom of the catalyst chamber 9 is sealed and inserted into the limiting ring 402, and a plug shaft 403 is provided at the center of the lower end face of the disk body 401, which can be inserted into the inner ring plate 2. The plug shaft 403 is connected to the inner ring plate 2 through a bearing, and a catalyst inlet 405 is provided on the disk body 401.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the limiting ring 402 can center and limit the catalyst chamber 9, and the bottom of the disk body 401 is provided with a plug shaft 403 that can be inserted into the inner ring plate 2. The plug shaft 403 is connected to the inner ring plate 2 through a bearing, which can improve the rotational stability of the disk 4.

[0033] In one specific technical solution, the disc body 401 and the outer wall of the limiting ring 402 form a stepped groove 406. A toothed ring 605 is rotatably provided in the stepped groove 406. The inner wall of the toothed ring 605 is fixedly connected to a first internal toothed ratchet 12. The outer wall of the limiting ring 402 is provided with a first groove 407. A first spring 13 is fixedly provided in the first groove 407. The first spring 13 is connected to a first pawl 14. When the winding wheel 603 unwinds, the toothed ring 605 rotates synchronously with the disc 4.

[0034] In the above technical solution, a first internal tooth ratchet 12 is provided between the gear ring 605 and the limiting ring 402. Simultaneously, a first spring 13 and a first pawl 14 are provided on the side wall of the limiting ring 402. The first internal tooth ratchet 12, the first spring 13, and the first pawl 14 form a ratchet-pawl mechanism. This mechanism can drive the disc 4 to rotate unidirectionally, ensuring that the disc 4 can only rotate unidirectionally with the gear ring 605 when the winding wheel 603 is unwinding. When the motor 606 drives the winding wheel 603 to rotate for winding, the lifting disc 5 rises, and the gear 602 drives the gear ring 605 and the first internal tooth ratchet 12 connected to the gear ring 605 to rotate. At this time, the first internal tooth ratchet 12... When the first pawl 14 cannot lock the first internal ratchet 12, the disc 4 does not rotate. When the motor 606 drives the winding wheel 603 to rotate in the opposite direction to unwind, the lifting disc 5 descends. The gear 602 drives the gear ring 605 and the first internal ratchet 12 connected to the gear ring 605 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the first pawl 14 locks the first internal ratchet 12, and the disc 4 rotates in the opposite direction with the gear ring 605. By setting a ratchet and pawl mechanism between the gear ring 605 and the disc 4, it is possible to achieve that the disc 4 does not rotate when the lifting disc 5 rises, and the disc 4 rotates to unwind when the lifting disc 5 descends, reducing unnecessary rotation of the disc 4 and improving the overall service life of the equipment.

[0035] In one specific technical solution, a second internal tooth ratchet 15 is fixedly provided on the upper end face of the limiting ring 402, a second groove 901 is provided on the outer side wall of the catalyst chamber 9, a second spring 16 is fixedly provided in the second groove 901, the second spring 16 is connected to the second pawl 17, and the teeth of the second internal tooth ratchet 15 are opposite to those of the first internal tooth ratchet 12.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the second internal tooth ratchet 15, the second spring 16, and the second pawl 17 form a ratchet-pawl mechanism. The second internal tooth ratchet 15 has opposite tooth directions to the first internal tooth ratchet 12, which improves the unidirectional rotational stability of the disc 4. Since the catalyst chamber 9 is fixed, the second internal tooth ratchet 15 can cooperate with the second pawl 17 to unidirectionally lock the disc 4. When the winding reel 603 winds up, the lifting disc 5 rises, unlocking the first internal tooth ratchet 12 and the first pawl 14, thus locking the disc 4 and the toothed ring. When 605 is unlocked, the second internal ratchet 15 and the second pawl 17 are locked together, and the disc 4 and the catalyst chamber 9 are locked. At this time, when the gear 602 drives the gear ring 605 to rotate, the disc 4 will not slip with the gear ring 605. When the winding wheel 603 unwinds, the lifting plate 5 descends, the first internal ratchet 12 and the first pawl 14 are locked together, the disc 4 and the gear ring 605 are locked together, the second internal ratchet 15 and the second pawl 17 are unlocked, and the disc 4 and the catalyst chamber 9 are unlocked. At this time, the disc 4 can rotate with the gear ring 605.

[0037] In one specific technical solution, the catalyst inlet 405 is a rectangular opening with the same radial length as the catalyst chamber 7. The sealing cover 10 includes a circular cover body 1001 that can rotate with damping relative to the disc body 401. The cover body 1001 is provided with a connecting opening 1002 that is the same shape as the catalyst inlet 405. The lower end face of the cover body 1001 is provided with an insertion groove 1003. The upper end face of the disc body 401 is provided with a third groove 404. The third groove 404 is provided with a connected third spring 18 and an insertion block 19. The insertion block 19 can be rotated to insert into or dislodge from the insertion groove 1003. When the insertion block 19 is inserted into the insertion groove 1003, the catalyst inlet 405 is aligned with the connecting opening 1002. A tapered part 1004 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the cover body 1001. The top of the tapered part 1004 is connected to a handle 1005.

[0038] In the above technical solution, the catalyst inlet 405 is a rectangular opening with the same radial length as the catalyst chamber 7, thus the catalyst can uniformly fill the catalyst chamber 7, improving the uniformity of catalyst loading; the sealing cap 10 can be damped and rotated relative to the disc body 401. The lower end surface of the cap body 1001 and / or the upper end surface of the disc body 401 can be sprayed and processed into a damping surface, or a damping layer can be adhered to the lower end surface of the cap body 1001 and / or the upper end surface of the disc body 401. The sealing cap 10 can be manually rotated over the damping force using the handle 1005, allowing the cap to rotate. The connecting port 1002 on the main body 1001 is alternately blocked with the catalyst inlet 405. When the winding reel 603 unwinds, the disc 4 rotates in the opposite direction with the gear ring 605. The cover body 1001 is manually fixed by the handle 1005. The disc body 401 rotates relative to the cover body 1001 against the damping force. When the insertion block 19 on the disc 4 rotates and inserts into the insertion slot 1003 at the bottom of the cover body 1001, the disc 4 and the cover body 1001 are circumferentially locked, and the catalyst inlet 405 is aligned and connected with the connecting port 1002. At this time, the handle 1005 is released, and the disc 4 and the cover body 1001 are connected. The cover body 1001 rotates stably and synchronously under the combined action of damping force and the plug-in structure, allowing the catalyst in the catalyst chamber 9 to be fed into the catalyst cavity 7 through the connecting port 1002 and the catalyst inlet 405. After feeding is completed, the winding wheel 603 unwinds, and the cover body 1001 is manually rotated in the opposite direction of the rotation direction of the disc 4, so that the connecting port 1002 on the cover body 1001 and the catalyst inlet 405 are staggered and sealed, completing the catalyst loading. The conical part 1004 at the center of the upper end face of the cover body 1001 has a guiding function for feeding, preventing the catalyst from being... The cover body 1001 is gathered at the center; the plug block 19 and the plug groove 1003 can adopt any suitable plug structure, as long as the plug block 19 can be rotated to insert into or dislodge from the plug groove 1003. In this embodiment, the top of the plug block 19 is a hemispherical surface, the third groove 404 is a semi-cylindrical groove that cooperates with the plug block 19, and the plug groove 1003 is a hemispherical groove that cooperates with the hemispherical surface of the plug block 19. This can improve the circumferential locking stability between the disc 4 and the sealing cover 10, and reduce the circumferential unlocking resistance between the disc 4 and the sealing cover 10.

[0039] The working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows: When catalyst needs to be loaded, the catalyst to be loaded is poured into the catalyst chamber 9. The motor 606 is started, and the motor 606 rotates in the forward direction, driving the connected rotating shaft 601 to rotate in the forward direction. The rotating shaft 601 drives the connected gear 602 and winding wheel 603 to rotate in the forward direction. The gear 602 drives another gear 602, another rotating shaft 601, and another winding wheel 603 to rotate in the forward direction through the meshing transmission of the gear ring 605. The two winding wheels 603 rotate in the forward direction to wind up the catalyst. The traction rope 604 pulls the lifting plate 5 upward. The lifting plate 5 rises to the highest point, where the distance between the disc 4 and the lifting plate 5 is the shortest. When the catalyst falls onto the lifting plate 5, the impact force is minimized, which can effectively prevent the catalyst from falling onto the lifting plate 5. When the catalyst particles break upon impact, the first internal ratchet 12 and the first pawl 14 are unlocked when the gear ring 605 rotates forward, thus unlocking the disc 4 from the gear ring 605. The second internal ratchet 15 and the second pawl 17 are locked, thus locking the disc 4 to the catalyst chamber 9. The disc 4 will neither rotate forward with the gear ring 605 nor circumferentially slide along with it. When the lifting plate 5 reaches its highest point, the motor 606 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the connected shaft 601 to rotate in the opposite direction. The shaft 601 drives the connected gear 602 and winding reel 603 to rotate in the opposite direction. The gear 602, through meshing with the gear ring 605, drives another gear 602, another shaft 601, and another winding reel 603. 3. Reverse rotation: The two winding reels 603 rotate in opposite directions to unwind the winding. The lifting disc 5 slowly descends. When the gear ring 605 rotates in the reverse direction, the first internal ratchet 12 and the first pawl 14 enter the locked state, locking the disc 4 with the gear ring 605. The second internal ratchet 15 and the second pawl 17 enter the unlocked state, unlocking the disc 4 from the catalyst chamber 9. The disc 4 rotates in the reverse direction with the gear ring 605. At the same time, the sealing cover 10 is circumferentially fixed by the handle 1005, causing the disc 4 to overcome the damping force and rotate relative to the cover body 1001 of the sealing cover 10. When the insertion block 19 on the disc 4 rotates and inserts into the insertion slot 1003 of the sealing cover 10, the disc 4 locks with the sealing cover 10. At this time, the connecting port 1002 on the sealing cover 10 connects with the catalyst chamber 9 on the disc 4. When the catalyst inlet 405 is aligned and connected, and the handle 1005 is released, the disc 4 and the sealing cover 10 rotate synchronously. The catalyst in the catalyst chamber 9 is fed into the catalyst cavity 7 through the connecting port 1002 and the catalyst inlet 405. The feeding speed of the catalyst is consistent with the descent speed of the lifting disc 5. During this process, the falling distance of the catalyst particles is always kept to a minimum, ensuring the structural integrity and dimensional stability of the catalyst. When the lifting disc 5 descends to the lowest point, the catalyst cavity 7 is filled with catalyst. The motor 606 is turned off. The sealing cover 10 is rotated in the opposite direction of the rotation direction of the disc 4 by the handle 1005, so that the connecting port 1002 on the sealing cover 10 and the catalyst inlet 405 on the disc 4 are staggered and sealed, thus completing the catalyst loading.A propane-isobutylene mixture heated to the reaction temperature is introduced into the inner ring plate 2 through the inlet pipe 106. The propane-isobutylene mixture radially passes through the catalyst bed for dehydrogenation. The dehydrogenated mixture flows from the annular space between the outer ring plate 3 and the tank 1 to the outlet pipe 107. When catalyst replacement is required, the reaction gas in the tank 1 is emptied, and the electric valve 501 is opened. After the catalyst flows out from the outlet pipe 502, the electric valve 501 is closed, and the catalyst is refilled into the catalyst chamber 7. Example 2

[0040] Combined with appendix Figure 1-12 This embodiment provides a method for using a propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device, including the following steps: Step S1: Drive the lifting plate 5 to the highest point through the drive mechanism 6. At this time, the distance between the disc 4 and the lifting plate 5 is the shortest. Step S2: The catalyst is loaded into the catalyst chamber 7 from the catalyst inlet 405 of the disc 4. At the same time, the drive mechanism 6 drives the lifting disc 5 to descend slowly. The descent speed of the lifting disc 5 is consistent with the catalyst loading speed. Step S3: When the lifting plate 5 descends to the lowest point, the catalyst chamber 7 is filled with catalyst, and the catalyst inlet 405 is sealed to complete the catalyst loading. Step S4: The propane-isobutylene mixture heated to the reaction temperature is introduced into the inner ring plate 2 through the inlet pipe 106. The propane-isobutylene mixture passes radially through the catalyst bed to carry out the dehydrogenation reaction. The dehydrogenated mixture flows from the annular space between the outer ring plate 3 and the tank 1 to the outlet pipe 107. Step S5: When the catalyst needs to be replaced, after purging the reaction gas in tank 1, open electric valve 501. After the catalyst flows out from the discharge pipe 502, close electric valve 501 and refill the catalyst chamber 7 with catalyst.

[0041] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device, comprising a tank (1), characterized in that, The tank (1) is provided with an inner ring plate (2) and an outer ring plate (3) that are coaxial and allow the reaction gas to pass through, a disc (4) that seals the top openings of the inner ring plate (2) and the outer ring plate (3), an annular lifting disc (5) that can slide against the inner ring plate (2) and the outer ring plate (3), and a driving mechanism (6) that drives the lifting disc (5) to rise and fall. The inner ring plate (2), the outer ring plate (3), the disc (4) and the lifting disc (5) together form a catalyst chamber (7). The disc (4) is provided with a catalyst inlet (405). The bottom of the lifting disc (5) is provided with an electric valve (501) and a discharge pipe (502) that seals and penetrates the bottom of the tank (1). The bottom of the tank (1) is provided with an air inlet pipe (106) that is sealed and connected to the inner ring plate (2). The side wall of the tank (1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (107).

2. The propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank body (1) includes a tank body (101) with an open top, a tank cover (102) on the top of the tank body (101) and a support leg (103) at the bottom of the tank body (101); the bottom of the tank body (101) is provided with a connecting pipe (104) for inserting the discharge pipe (502), and the bottom of the connecting pipe (104) is provided with a switch valve (105). The electric valve (501), the discharge pipe (502), the connecting pipe (104) and the switch valve (105) are all equidistantly arranged in a circle; the bottom of the inner wall of the tank body (101) is provided with a number of support rods (108), and the top of the support rods (108) is fixed with a support ring (109). The inner ring plate (2) and the outer ring plate (3) are fixed on the support ring (109), and the support ring (109) is provided with a through hole (110) through which the electric valve (501) and the discharge pipe (502) pass.

3. The propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (6) includes a vertical shaft (601) rotatably mounted on the top of the inner wall of the tank (1). The shaft (601) is coaxially provided with a gear (602) and a winding wheel (603) from top to bottom. The winding wheel (603) is connected to a traction rope (604). The traction rope (604) slides from the upper end face of the outer ring plate (3) into the catalyst chamber (7) and is connected to the lifting plate (5). The side wall of the disc (4) is provided with a gear ring (605) that can rotate and mesh with the gear (602). The shaft (601), gear (602), winding wheel (603) and traction rope (604) are all provided in two circumferentially equidistant positions. The top of the tank (1) is provided with a motor (606) connected to one shaft (601).

4. The propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer ring plate (3) is fixedly provided with a support seat (8) on its outer side wall. The upper end face of the support seat (8) is provided with a turntable bearing (801). The turntable bearing (801) is connected to the bottom of the winding wheel (603). The outer ring plate (3) includes two arc-shaped ventilation plates (301). The joint of the two ventilation plates (301) is provided with a reinforcing rib (302). The support seat (8) is fixed on the outer side wall of the reinforcing rib (302). The inner side wall and the upper end face of the reinforcing rib (302) are respectively provided with a traction groove (303) for the traction rope (604) to pass through. The outer side wall of the lifting plate (5) is provided with a traction block (503) that slides with the traction groove (303). The traction rope (604) is fixed on the traction block (503).

5. A propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The disc (4) is rotatably connected to the inner ring plate (2) and the outer ring plate (3). The disc (4) can rotate with the gear ring (605). The cylindrical catalyst chamber (9) with openings at both ends is fixed to the top of the tank body (1). The bottom of the catalyst chamber (9) passes through the tank body (1) and is rotatably connected to the disc (4). The catalyst chamber (9) is provided with a sealing cover (10) that can seal the catalyst inlet (405) under control. The top of the catalyst chamber (9) is detachably provided with a top cover (11).

6. A propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The disc (4) includes a circular disc body (401), a limiting ring (402) is coaxially provided on the upper end face of the disc body (401), the bottom of the catalyst chamber (9) is sealed and inserted into the limiting ring (402), and a plug shaft (403) that can be inserted into the inner ring plate (2) is provided at the center of the lower end face of the disc body (401). The plug shaft (403) is connected to the inner ring plate (2) through a bearing, and a catalyst inlet (405) is provided on the disc body (401).

7. A propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The disc body (401) and the outer wall of the limiting ring (402) form a stepped groove (406), and a toothed ring (605) is rotatably provided in the stepped groove (406). The inner wall of the toothed ring (605) is fixedly connected to the first internal toothed ratchet (12). The outer wall of the limiting ring (402) is provided with a first groove (407), and a first spring (13) is fixedly provided in the first groove (407). The first spring (13) is connected to the first pawl (14). When the winding wheel (603) unwinds, the toothed ring (605) and the disc (4) rotate synchronously.

8. A propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end face of the limiting ring (402) is fixedly provided with a second internal tooth ratchet (15), the outer wall of the catalyst chamber (9) is provided with a second groove (901), a second spring (16) is fixedly provided in the second groove (901), the second spring (16) is connected to the second pawl (17), and the teeth of the second internal tooth ratchet (15) are opposite to those of the first internal tooth ratchet (12).

9. A propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The catalyst inlet (405) is a rectangular opening with the same radial length as the catalyst chamber (7). The sealing cap (10) includes a circular cap body (1001) that can be rotated relative to the disc body (401) with damping. The cap body (1001) is provided with a connecting port (1002) with the same shape as the catalyst inlet (405). The lower end face of the cap body (1001) is provided with a plug groove (1003). The upper end face of the disc body (401) is provided with a third groove (404). The third groove (404) is provided with a connected third spring (18) and a plug block (19). The plug block (19) can be rotated to insert into or remove from the plug groove (1003). When the plug block (19) is inserted into the plug groove (1003), the catalyst inlet (405) is aligned with the connecting port (1002). A conical part (1004) is provided at the center of the upper end face of the cap body (1001). The top of the conical part (1004) is connected to a handle (1005).

10. The method of using the propane-isobutane mixed dehydrogenation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Drive the lifting plate (5) to the highest point through the drive mechanism (6). At this time, the distance between the disc (4) and the lifting plate (5) is the shortest. Step S2: The catalyst is loaded into the catalyst chamber (7) from the catalyst inlet (405) of the disc (4). At the same time, the drive mechanism (6) drives the lifting disc (5) to descend slowly. The descent speed of the lifting disc (5) is consistent with the loading speed of the catalyst. Step S3: When the lifting plate (5) descends to the lowest point, the catalyst is filled into the catalyst chamber (7), and the catalyst inlet (405) is sealed to complete the catalyst filling. Step S4: The propane-isobutylene mixture heated to the reaction temperature is introduced into the inner ring plate (2) through the inlet pipe (106). The propane-isobutylene mixture passes radially through the catalyst bed to carry out the dehydrogenation reaction. The dehydrogenated mixture flows from the annular space between the outer ring plate (3) and the tank (1) to the outlet pipe (107). Step S5: When the catalyst needs to be replaced, after purging the reaction gas in the tank (1), open the electric valve (501). After the catalyst flows out from the discharge pipe (502), close the electric valve (501) and refill the catalyst chamber (7) with the catalyst.

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