A dental bur burr polishing automated production line

Abstract

This invention discloses an automated production line for deburring dental burs, comprising a deburring mechanism for deburring dental burs, a vision inspection mechanism for inspecting the deburred burs, a pressing mechanism for pressing the deburred burs onto an electroplated insert plate, and a spatial transfer mechanism for transferring the dental burs. The deburring mechanism includes a deburring machine and a deburring worktable. The vision inspection mechanism includes a detection camera for acquiring images of the deburred burs and an image recognition processing system for image processing. The pressing mechanism includes a needle plate fixing mechanism for fixing the electroplated insert plate, a pressing plate for receiving the dental burs and pressing it onto the electroplated insert plate, and a pressing mechanism for driving the pressing plate to move spatially. This production line has advantages such as high production efficiency, stable and high product quality, and high positioning accuracy of the electroplated pressing needles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to dental bur processing equipment, specifically to an automated production line for bur deburring dental burs. Background Technology

[0002] Dental burs are among the most commonly used basic instruments in clinical oral treatment. They typically have a diameter of about 1.6 mm and a length of about 16 mm to 30 mm, making them typical miniature precision parts. The manufacturing process of dental burs mainly includes several steps such as substrate machining, surface treatment, electrodeposition bonding, and polishing. During the cutting process, tiny burs often form on the bur tip. Due to the extremely small size of the burs and the minute nature of these burs, if left untreated, they can not only affect the smooth progress of subsequent processes such as bur pressing and electroplating, but also potentially impact the final product's performance and treatment outcomes. For example, burrs on the bur tip may get stuck in the drill or prevent proper placement, affecting normal use.

[0003] Currently, the dental bur industry still relies heavily on manual or semi-automatic production methods, such as manual grinding, manual inspection, or manual insertion. This traditional production method suffers from the following prominent problems: First, production efficiency is low. Manual operation has limited speed, making it difficult to meet the demands of large-scale production. With the rapid development of the dental healthcare market, the demand for dental burs continues to grow, and traditional manual production methods have become a bottleneck in production capacity.

[0004] Secondly, manual operation suffers from poor stability. Dental burs are tiny, making manual grasping and positioning difficult, and ensuring operational consistency is challenging, leading to significant fluctuations in product quality. Furthermore, prolonged repetitive labor can easily cause operator fatigue, further reducing operational precision and stability.

[0005] Third, burr detection is difficult and prone to being missed. The burrs on the tip of dental burs are tiny and difficult to identify accurately with the naked eye. Manual inspection is highly subjective, and it is difficult to standardize the inspection. The rate of missing small defects is high, which seriously affects product quality control.

[0006] Fourth, the pin insertion process relies on manual positioning, which lacks precision. In the pin pressing process before electroplating, a large number of needles need to be precisely inserted into the fine holes of the electroplating pin plate. Manual pin insertion is inefficient, has poor positioning accuracy, and is labor-intensive, making it a key factor restricting the improvement of production automation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide an automated production line for burr removal and polishing of dental burs. This production line has the advantages of high production efficiency, stable and high product quality, and high positioning accuracy of electroplated pressure pins.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An automated production line for deburring dental burs includes a deburring mechanism for deburring dental burs, a visual inspection mechanism for inspecting the deburred dental burs, a pressing mechanism for pressing the deburred dental burs onto an electroplated insert plate, and a spatial transfer mechanism for transferring the dental burs. The deburring mechanism includes a deburring machine and a deburring worktable for placing dental burs to be processed. The visual inspection mechanism includes an inspection camera for acquiring images of the polished dental burs and an image recognition processing system for processing the images. The pressure needle mechanism includes a needle plate fixing mechanism for fixing the electroplated needle plate, a pressure needle plate for receiving dental burs and pressing them onto the electroplated needle plate, and a pressure needle driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to move in space. The spatial transfer mechanism includes a loading and conveying mechanism, an inspection and conveying mechanism, and a transfer and conveying mechanism. The loading and conveying mechanism is used to transport the dental burs to be processed to the grinding machine for grinding and to transport the freshly ground dental burs to the inspection and conveying mechanism. The inspection and conveying mechanism is used to transport the ground dental burs to the area below the inspection camera. The transfer and conveying mechanism is used to transport the qualified dental burs to the pressure plate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure plate is provided with a plurality of pressure needle clearance holes arranged along the length direction of the pressure plate; a pressure needle soft rubber sleeve is provided on the outer side of the pressure plate, and the pressure needle soft rubber sleeve is provided with a plurality of pressure needle fixing holes corresponding to the plurality of pressure needle clearance holes respectively. The size of the pressure needle fixing holes is smaller than the size of the tail of the dental bur and the dental bur is fixed by interference fit. The electroplated pin plate has a plurality of pin clearance holes arranged along the length of the electroplated pin plate; a pin soft rubber sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the electroplated pin plate, and the pin soft rubber sleeve has a plurality of pin fixing holes corresponding to the plurality of pin clearance holes. The size of the pin fixing holes is smaller than the size of the head of the dental bur and the dental bur is fixed by interference fit. The interference fit between the pin fixing holes and the dental bur is greater than the interference fit between the pin fixing holes and the dental bur. With the above structure, on the one hand, when the transfer and handling mechanism transfers the qualified dental burs to the pressure plate, the tail (tip) of the dental bur extends into the pressure plate fixing hole and the pressure plate clearance hole. The pressure plate fixing hole fixes the dental bur in place by an interference fit to prevent it from falling off on its own. The pressure plate clearance hole is used to avoid the insertion of the dental bur, so as not to have a hard collision with the dental bur, which can prevent the tip from being blunted and helps to protect the structure of the dental bur itself. Similarly, the pin clearance hole and pin fixing hole of the electroplated pin plate are fixed in the same way, which is very ingenious. On the other hand, since the interference fit between the pin fixing hole and the dental bur is greater than the interference fit between the pressure pin fixing hole and the dental bur, that is, the clamping force between the pin fixing hole and the dental bur is greater than the clamping force between the pressure pin fixing hole and the dental bur, when the pressure pin plate inserts the dental bur into the electroplated pin plate and the pressure pin plate resets, the dental bur automatically disengages from the pressure pin fixing hole and is then fixed by the pin fixing hole, completing the pressure pin process; after the electroplated pin plate is filled with dental burs, the electroplated pin plate is then taken away for electroplating processing.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the needle plate fixing mechanism includes a needle plate fixing base plate and a stop bar and a placement and positioning assembly disposed on the needle plate fixing plate. The placement and positioning assembly is provided in two sets, respectively located on the outer sides of both ends of the stop bar. Each set of placement and positioning assemblies includes two placement and positioning blocks, and the gap between the two placement and positioning blocks forms a positioning space for placing the end of the electroplated needle plate. This structure, through the cooperation of the stop bar and the placement and positioning assembly, enables rapid placement and initial positioning of the electroplated needle plate. The operation is simple and the positioning is accurate, providing a stable foundation for the subsequent needle pressing process and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the needle pressing operation.

[0011] Furthermore, the needle plate fixing mechanism also includes a fixed pressure plate and a compression driving cylinder. The telescopic rod of the compression driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed pressure plate, and the electroplated needle plate is clamped between the stop strip and the fixed pressure plate in the needle pressing state. With the above structure, before needle pressing, the electroplated needle plate is placed in the positioning space of the placement and positioning component, and then the compression driving cylinder drives the fixed pressure plate to approach the electroplated needle plate until the fixed pressure plate is close to the electroplated needle plate, providing lateral support for the electroplated needle plate and preventing deformation during needle pressing, thus ensuring the stability and consistency of needle pressing.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure needle driving mechanism includes a swing driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to swing, a vertical driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to move vertically, and a horizontal driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to move laterally. Through the combination of multi-directional driving mechanisms, the pressure needle plate can achieve multi-degree-of-freedom movement in space, flexibly adapting to the pressure needle position requirements of electroplated pin plates of different specifications, thus improving the versatility and pressure needle accuracy of the equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the lateral drive mechanism includes a lateral drive motor and a lateral transmission assembly. The lateral transmission assembly includes a lateral transmission plate, a lateral lead screw, and a lateral lead screw nut. The lateral transmission plate is fixedly connected to the lateral lead screw nut, and the lateral transmission plate is fixedly connected to the vertical drive mechanism. With this structure, the lateral movement distance of the pressure pin plate can be precisely controlled, meeting the precise positioning requirements of multiple pin holes on the electroplated pin plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the vertical drive mechanism includes a vertical drive motor and a vertical transmission assembly. The vertical transmission assembly includes a vertical transmission plate, a vertical lead screw, and a vertical lead screw nut. The vertical transmission plate is fixedly connected to the vertical lead screw nut, and the vertical transmission plate is fixedly connected to the swing drive mechanism. This structure ensures that the pressure plate can stably and smoothly complete the downward pressing action during the pressure needle process, guaranteeing the uniformity and consistency of the pressure needle force.

[0015] Furthermore, the swing drive mechanism includes a swing drive motor and a swing transmission assembly. The swing transmission assembly includes a swing frame, a swing belt, and two swing pulleys. The swing frame is rotatably connected to the vertical transmission plate, and its rotation center is parallel to the driving direction of the transverse drive mechanism. The swing belt and the two swing pulleys are connected between the swing drive motor and the swing frame. The needle press plate is fixedly mounted on the swing frame, and the length direction of the swing frame is parallel to the length direction of the electroplated needle plate. This structure allows the needle press plate to be angled in the horizontal plane, adapting to the need for needle insertion in different directions, thus improving the flexibility and adaptability of the needle press operation.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a silicone pad is laid on the grinding worktable. Because the silicone pad is flexible, when the pneumatic gripper grasps the bur, it can be pressed downwards to a certain depth, allowing the bur to stably enter the optimal gripping area of ​​the gripper, while preventing the bur from rolling or deviating on the platform, effectively improving the gripping stability and success rate of small-sized burs.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the loading and conveying mechanism and the transfer and conveying mechanism include a conveying frame and a conveying identification camera and a Delta manipulator mounted on the conveying frame. The Delta manipulator is equipped with an adjustable angle servo motor and a pneumatic gripper. The transport recognition camera is used to acquire images of dental burs and identify the positions of the two endpoints of the dental burs through a visual algorithm, calculate the direction of the bur centerline, and thus obtain the bur's attitude angle. The adjustable angle servo motor is used to adjust the posture and angle of the pneumatic gripper. The Delta robot grips the dental bur according to the visual calculation results, adjusts the angle to align with the polishing machine, and polishes the bur end face.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection conveying mechanism is located between the loading and handling mechanism and the transfer handling mechanism, the transfer handling mechanism being composed of a conveyor belt mechanism.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention automates the entire process of dental bur grinding, inspection, and pressing by setting up a bur-removing mechanism, a visual inspection mechanism, a pressing mechanism, and a spatial transfer mechanism. This replaces traditional manual or semi-manual operations, significantly improves production cycle time, and meets the needs of mass production.

[0020] 2. This invention adopts automated handling, positioning and processing methods, which avoids inconsistencies caused by fatigue or differences in operation during manual operation, ensures the processing accuracy and consistency of each process, and makes the product quality more stable and reliable.

[0021] 3. This invention acquires images of the needle by detecting the camera and performs automatic detection by combining the image recognition processing system. This overcomes the problems of difficulty in visually identifying tiny burrs, strong subjectivity, and high false negative rate in manual detection, thus improving the objectivity and accuracy of the detection results.

[0022] 4. This invention achieves automatic transport and precise insertion of dental burs onto electroplated needle plates through the cooperation of a needle plate, a needle plate fixing mechanism, and a needle driving mechanism, replacing manual needle insertion operations, effectively improving needle pressing efficiency and positioning accuracy, and opening up key links in automated production. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automated production line for burr removal and polishing of dental burs according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the automated production line for deburring dental burs according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure needle mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the electroplated pin plate and the pin plate fixing mechanism of the pin pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5-6 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the electroplated pin plate, pressure pin plate, pressure pin soft rubber sleeve, pin soft rubber sleeve, and swing frame from two different perspectives.

[0028] Figure 7-9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of multiple working states of the pressure needle mechanism of the present invention. The arrows in the figure indicate the movement direction of the pressure needle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0030] Example 1 The automated production line for burr removal of dental burs in this embodiment includes a burr removal mechanism for removing burs from dental burs, a visual inspection mechanism for inspecting the removed dental burs, a pressing mechanism for pressing the removed dental burs onto an electroplated insert plate, and a spatial transfer mechanism for transferring the dental burs.

[0031] Combination Figure 1-2 The spatial transfer mechanism includes a loading and conveying mechanism, a detection and conveying mechanism, and a transfer and conveying mechanism. Both the loading and conveying mechanism and the transfer and conveying mechanism include a conveying frame 1 and a conveying recognition camera 2 and a Delta manipulator 3 mounted on the conveying frame 1. The Delta manipulator 3 is equipped with an adjustable angle servo motor 4 and a pneumatic gripper 5. The conveying recognition camera 2 is used to acquire images of dental burs and identify the positions of the two endpoints of the dental bur using a visual algorithm, calculating the direction of the bur's centerline to obtain the bur's attitude angle. The adjustable angle servo motor 4 is used to adjust the attitude and angle of the pneumatic gripper 5. The Delta manipulator 3 grasps the dental bur according to the visual calculation results and adjusts the angle to align with the polishing machine 7 to polish the bur's end face.

[0032] Combination Figure 1-2 The detection conveying mechanism is located between the loading and transporting mechanism and the transfer and transporting mechanism. The transfer and transporting mechanism is composed of a conveyor belt mechanism 6, and the specific structure can be referred to the prior art.

[0033] Combination Figure 1-2The deburring mechanism includes a deburring machine 7 and a deburring worktable 8 for placing dental burs to be processed; furthermore, a silicone pad is laid on the deburring worktable 8. Because the silicone pad is flexible, when the pneumatic gripper 5 grasps the bur, it can press downwards to a certain depth, allowing the bur to stably enter the optimal gripping area of ​​the gripper, while preventing the bur from rolling or deviating on the platform, effectively improving the gripping stability and success rate of small-sized burs.

[0034] Combination Figure 1-2 The visual inspection mechanism includes a microscope 9, an inspection camera 10 for acquiring images of the polished dental burs, and an image recognition processing system for image processing. Because dental burs are extremely small and their burrs are very tiny, the microscope 9 magnifies the bur's end face for imaging. After inspection, the results are uploaded to a backend controller. Regardless of the quality of the dental burs, they are conveyed to the next process via a conveyor belt. If any defective burs are found, they are transported to the defective product area by a robotic arm.

[0035] Combination Figure 3-9 The pressing mechanism includes a needle plate fixing mechanism for fixing the electroplated needle plate 11, a pressing plate 12 for receiving the dental bur and pressing it onto the electroplated needle plate 11, and a pressing driving mechanism for driving the pressing plate 12 to move in space; wherein, the pressing plate 12 is provided with a plurality of pressing needle clearance holes 12-1 arranged along the length direction of the pressing plate 12; a pressing needle soft rubber sleeve 13 is sleeved on the outer side of the pressing plate 12, and the pressing needle soft rubber sleeve 13 is provided with a plurality of pressing needle fixing holes 13-1 corresponding to the plurality of pressing needle clearance holes 12-1 respectively. The size of the pressing needle fixing holes 13-1 is smaller than the size of the tail (needle tip) of the dental bur and the dental bur is fixed by interference fit.

[0036] Combination Figure 3-9The electroplated pin plate 11 has a plurality of pin clearance holes 11-1 arranged along the length of the electroplated pin plate 11; the outer side of the electroplated pin plate 11 is fitted with a pin soft rubber sleeve 14, which has a plurality of pin fixing holes 14-1 corresponding to the plurality of pin clearance holes 11-1 respectively. The size of the pin fixing hole 14-1 is smaller than the size of the head of the dental bur and the dental bur is fixed by interference fit. The interference fit between the pin fixing hole 14-1 and the dental bur is greater than the interference fit between the pressure pin fixing hole 13-1 and the dental bur. With the above structure, on the one hand, when the transfer and conveying mechanism transfers the qualified dental burs to the pressure plate 12, the tail of the dental bur extends into the pressure fixing hole 13-1 and the pressure clearance hole 12-1. The pressure fixing hole 13-1 fixes the dental bur with an interference fit to prevent it from falling off on its own. The pressure clearance hole 12-1 is used to avoid the insertion of the dental bur, so that there will be no hard collision with the dental bur, which can prevent the tip from being blunted and help protect the structure of the dental bur itself. Similarly, the insertion clearance hole 11-1 and the insertion fixing hole 14-1 of the electroplated insertion plate 11 are fixed in the same way, which is very ingenious. On the other hand, since the interference fit between the pin fixing hole 14-1 and the dental bur is greater than the interference fit between the pressure pin fixing hole 13-1 and the dental bur, that is, the clamping force between the pin fixing hole 14-1 and the dental bur is greater than the clamping force between the pressure pin fixing hole 13-1 and the dental bur, when the pressure pin plate 12 inserts the dental bur into the electroplated pin plate 11 and the pressure pin plate 12 is reset, the dental bur automatically disengages from the pressure pin fixing hole 13-1, and then the pin fixing hole 14-1 fixes the dental bur, completing the pressure pin process; after the electroplated pin plate 11 is filled with dental burs, the electroplated pin plate 11 is then taken away for electroplating processing.

[0037] Combination Figure 3-4 The needle plate fixing mechanism includes a needle plate fixing base plate 15, a stop bar 16 disposed on the needle plate fixing plate, and a placement and positioning assembly. The placement and positioning assembly has two sets, located on the outer sides of both ends of the stop bar 16. Each set of the placement and positioning assembly includes two placement and positioning blocks 17. The gap between the two placement and positioning blocks 17 forms a positioning space for placing the end of the electroplated needle plate 11. This structure, through the cooperation of the stop bar 16 and the placement and positioning assembly, enables rapid placement and initial positioning of the electroplated needle plate 11. The operation is simple and the positioning is accurate, providing a stable foundation for the subsequent needle pressing process and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the needle pressing operation.

[0038] Furthermore, the needle plate fixing mechanism also includes a fixed pressure plate 18 and a compression driving cylinder 19. The telescopic rod of the compression driving cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the fixed pressure plate 18. The electroplated needle plate 11 is clamped between the stop strip 16 and the fixed pressure plate 18 in the needle pressing state. With the above structure, before needle pressing, the electroplated needle plate 11 is placed in the positioning space of the placement and positioning component. Then, the compression driving cylinder 19 drives the fixed pressure plate 18 to approach the electroplated needle plate 11 until the fixed pressure plate 18 is close to the electroplated needle plate 11, providing lateral support for the electroplated needle plate 11 and preventing deformation during needle pressing, thus ensuring the stability and consistency of needle pressing.

[0039] Combination Figure 3 The needle pressing drive mechanism includes a swing drive mechanism for driving the needle pressing plate 12 to swing, a vertical drive mechanism for driving the needle pressing plate 12 to move vertically, and a horizontal drive mechanism for driving the needle pressing plate 12 to move laterally. Through the combination of these multi-directional drive mechanisms, the needle pressing plate 12 can achieve multi-degree-of-freedom movement in space, flexibly adapting to the needle pressing position requirements of electroplated pin plates 11 of different specifications, thus improving the versatility and needle pressing accuracy of the equipment.

[0040] Combination Figure 3 The lateral drive mechanism includes a lateral drive motor 20 and a lateral transmission assembly. The lateral transmission assembly includes a lateral transmission plate, a lateral lead screw, and a lateral lead screw nut. The lateral transmission plate is fixedly connected to the lateral lead screw nut and is also fixedly connected to the vertical drive mechanism. This structure allows for precise control of the lateral movement distance of the pressure pin plate 12, meeting the precise positioning requirements of multiple pin holes on the electroplated pin plate 11.

[0041] Combination Figure 3 The vertical drive mechanism includes a vertical drive motor 21 and a vertical transmission assembly. The vertical transmission assembly includes a vertical transmission plate, a vertical lead screw, and a vertical lead screw nut. The vertical transmission plate is fixedly connected to the vertical lead screw nut, and the vertical transmission plate is fixedly connected to the swing drive mechanism. This structure ensures that the pressure plate 12 can stably and smoothly complete the downward pressing action during the pressure needle process, guaranteeing the uniformity and consistency of the pressure needle force.

[0042] Combination Figure 3The swing drive mechanism includes a swing drive motor 22 and a swing transmission assembly. The swing transmission assembly includes a swing frame 23, a swing belt, and two swing pulleys. The swing frame 23 is rotatably connected to the vertical transmission plate, and its rotation center is parallel to the driving direction of the horizontal drive mechanism. The swing belt and the two swing pulleys are connected between the swing drive motor 22 and the swing frame 23. The needle press plate 12 is fixedly mounted on the swing frame 23, and the length direction of the swing frame 23 is parallel to the length direction of the electroplated needle plate 11. This structure allows the needle press plate 12 to be angled in the horizontal plane, adapting to the need for needle insertion in different directions, thus improving the flexibility and adaptability of the needle press operation.

[0043] Combination Figure 1-9 The working principle of the automated production line for dental bur deburring in this embodiment is as follows: At the start of production, the dental burs to be processed are placed on the polishing worktable 8. The loading and transporting mechanism acquires images of the burs through its transport recognition camera 2, uses a visual algorithm to identify the positions of the two endpoints of the bur, calculates the direction of the bur's centerline, and thus obtains the bur's attitude angle. Based on the visual calculation results, the Delta robot 3 of the loading and transporting mechanism adjusts the attitude of the pneumatic gripper 5 through the adjustable angle servo motor 4 so that the gripper angle is consistent with the direction of the bur. Then, it picks up the bur and adjusts the angle to align with the polishing machine 7 to polish the bur end face. After polishing, the loading and transporting mechanism transports the freshly polished bur to the inspection and conveying mechanism.

[0044] The inspection and conveying mechanism transports the polished dental burs to the area below the inspection camera 10 in the vision inspection mechanism; the inspection camera 10 acquires an image of the bur end face, and the image recognition and processing system analyzes the image to determine whether the bur has burr defects; the qualified dental burs continue to be transported forward by the inspection and conveying mechanism to the transfer worktable.

[0045] The position and orientation of the needle are acquired by the transfer identification camera 2 of the transfer mechanism. The Delta robot 3 of the transfer mechanism picks up the qualified needle and transfers it to the needle press plate 12 (before this, the angle of the needle press plate 12 is adjusted as needed by the swing drive mechanism to ensure that the needle insertion direction is accurate). The needle press plate 12 is reset by the swing drive mechanism so that the needle is vertically downward. The needle press plate 12 is moved laterally by the horizontal drive mechanism so that the needle on the needle press plate 12 is aligned with the corresponding needle position on the electroplated needle plate 11. Finally, the needle press plate 12 is moved downward by the vertical drive mechanism to press the needle into the electroplated needle plate 11.

[0046] Repeat the above process until the electroplated pin plate 11 is filled with needles. Then, the operator or automated equipment removes the electroplated pin plate 11 filled with needles from the pin plate fixing mechanism and sends it to the subsequent electroplating process.

[0047] Example 2 To address the problem of extremely small dental bur size (approximately 1.6 mm in diameter) and the difficulty in detecting tiny burs on their end faces, this embodiment proposes a burr detection method combining microscopic magnification, prior structural localization, and a deep learning segmentation model, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Microscopic image acquisition.

[0048] The tip of the dental bur is magnified and imaged using a microscope 9, and the microscopic image is acquired by an industrial camera.

[0049] Step 2: End face positioning based on structural priors.

[0050] By utilizing the structural prior of the arc-shaped structure of the dental bur tip, the end face region is located in the microscopic image.

[0051] Specifically, it includes: 1. Identify the end arc structure in the image.

[0052] 2. Determine the position of the end face based on the geometric characteristics of the arc.

[0053] 3. Extract the end face region as the ROI (Region of Interest).

[0054] The purpose of this step is to: 1. accurately locate the end face area; 2. eliminate interference from the needle bar and background.

[0055] Step 3: Constructing the ROI end face image dataset.

[0056] During the model training phase: The extracted end-face ROI image was used as training data.

[0057] Mark the burr area on the end face.

[0058] Construct a dataset for end-face burr detection.

[0059] By using the ROI method, the training data is made to include only the end face region.

[0060] Step 4: Spurt segmentation and detection based on deep learning.

[0061] The ROI end face image is input into a deep learning model for detection.

[0062] The detection model used is the YOLOv8 instance segmentation model.

[0063] Model output: Burr region segmentation results; burr location and area information.

[0064] Because the detection range is limited to the ROI area on the end face, the detection accuracy can be significantly improved and the false detection rate can be reduced.

[0065] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated production line for deburring dental burs, characterized in that, It includes a burr removal mechanism for removing burrs from dental burs, a visual inspection mechanism for inspecting the removed dental burs, a pressing mechanism for pressing the removed dental burs onto an electroplated insert plate, and a spatial transfer mechanism for transferring the dental burs. The deburring mechanism includes a deburring machine and a deburring worktable for placing dental burs to be processed. The visual inspection mechanism includes an inspection camera for acquiring images of the polished dental burs and an image recognition processing system for processing the images. The pressure needle mechanism includes a needle plate fixing mechanism for fixing the electroplated needle plate, a pressure needle plate for receiving dental burs and pressing them onto the electroplated needle plate, and a pressure needle driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to move in space. The spatial transfer mechanism includes a loading and conveying mechanism, an inspection and conveying mechanism, and a transfer and conveying mechanism. The loading and conveying mechanism is used to transport the dental burs to be processed to the grinding machine for grinding and to transport the freshly ground dental burs to the inspection and conveying mechanism. The inspection and conveying mechanism is used to transport the ground dental burs to the area below the inspection camera. The transfer and conveying mechanism is used to transport the qualified dental burs to the pressure plate.

2. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate is provided with a plurality of pressure needle clearance holes arranged along the length of the pressure plate; a pressure needle soft rubber sleeve is provided on the outer side of the pressure plate, and the pressure needle soft rubber sleeve is provided with a plurality of pressure needle fixing holes corresponding to the plurality of pressure needle clearance holes respectively. The size of the pressure needle fixing holes is smaller than the size of the tail of the dental bur and the dental bur is fixed by interference fit. The electroplated pin plate has a plurality of pin clearance holes arranged along the length of the electroplated pin plate; a pin soft rubber sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the electroplated pin plate, and the pin soft rubber sleeve has a plurality of pin fixing holes corresponding to the plurality of pin clearance holes. The size of the pin fixing holes is smaller than the size of the head of the dental bur and the dental bur is fixed by interference fit. The interference fit between the pin fixing holes and the dental bur is greater than the interference fit between the pin fixing holes and the dental bur.

3. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The needle plate fixing mechanism includes a needle plate fixing base plate and a stop bar and a placement and positioning assembly disposed on the needle plate fixing plate. The placement and positioning assembly is provided in two sets and is located on the outer sides of both ends of the stop bar. Each set of placement and positioning assemblies includes two placement and positioning blocks. The gap between the two placement and positioning blocks constitutes a positioning space for placing the end of the electroplated needle plate.

4. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The needle plate fixing mechanism also includes a fixing pressure plate and a compression driving cylinder. The telescopic rod of the compression driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixing pressure plate. The electroplated needle plate is clamped between the stop bar and the fixing pressure plate in the needle pressing state.

5. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure needle driving mechanism includes a swing driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to swing, a vertical driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to move vertically, and a horizontal driving mechanism for driving the pressure needle plate to move laterally.

6. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lateral drive mechanism includes a lateral drive motor and a lateral transmission assembly. The lateral transmission assembly includes a lateral transmission plate, a lateral lead screw, and a lateral lead screw nut. The lateral transmission plate is fixedly connected to the lateral lead screw nut, and the lateral transmission plate is fixedly connected to the vertical drive mechanism.

7. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical drive mechanism includes a vertical drive motor and a vertical transmission assembly. The vertical transmission assembly includes a vertical transmission plate, a vertical lead screw, and a vertical lead screw nut. The vertical transmission plate is fixedly connected to the vertical lead screw nut, and the vertical transmission plate is fixedly connected to the swing drive mechanism.

8. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 7, characterized in that, The swing drive mechanism includes a swing drive motor and a swing transmission assembly. The swing transmission assembly includes a swing frame, a swing belt, and two swing pulleys. The swing frame is rotatably connected to the vertical transmission plate, and the rotation center of the swing frame is parallel to the driving direction of the transverse drive mechanism. The swing belt and the two swing pulleys are connected between the swing drive motor and the swing frame. The pressure pin plate is fixedly mounted on the swing frame, and the length direction of the swing frame is parallel to the length direction of the electroplated pin plate.

9. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding workbench is covered with a silicone pad.

10. The automated production line for deburring dental burs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the loading and transporting mechanism and the transfer and transporting mechanism include a transport frame and a transport identification camera and a Delta manipulator mounted on the transport frame. The Delta manipulator is equipped with an adjustable angle servo motor and a pneumatic gripper. The transport recognition camera is used to acquire images of dental burs and identify the positions of the two endpoints of the dental burs through a visual algorithm, calculate the direction of the bur centerline, and thus obtain the bur's attitude angle. The adjustable angle servo motor is used to adjust the posture and angle of the pneumatic gripper. The Delta robot grips the dental bur according to the visual calculation results, adjusts the angle to align with the polishing machine, and polishes the bur end face.

Images