Ecological weir structure

Abstract

The application relates to an ecological weir structure and relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering.The ecological weir structure comprises a weir body and a concrete base poured on the river bottom, two retaining walls are vertically arranged on the concrete base, the two retaining walls are arranged in parallel and at intervals to form a water passing channel for guiding river water to flow through, and the weir body is located in the water passing channel; the water passing channel comprises, in sequence along the water flow direction, a trash retaining area, a sludge discharging area and a filler area; the weir body comprises a trash retaining grid, a sludge collecting channel and a filler wall, the trash retaining grid is connected with the two retaining walls, and the trash retaining grid is located in the trash retaining area; the sludge collecting channel is located in the sludge discharging area, and the sludge collecting channel is arranged on the concrete base; the filler wall is located in the filler area; the filler wall comprises a fixed material frame, the fixed material frame is connected with the two retaining walls, and ecological fillers are filled in the fixed material frame to form a filler layer. The application can effectively delay the clogging process of the filler layer, prolong the effective working time of the ecological weir, and further improve the long-acting purification performance of the ecological weir.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to an ecological weir structure. Background Technology

[0002] An ecological weir is an engineering structure that combines water storage and water purification functions. The design concept of an ecological weir is to purify the river water flowing through the weir in situ by optimizing the weir structure and introducing ecological materials, and by using multiple mechanisms such as physical interception, chemical adsorption and microbial degradation.

[0003] Currently, common ecological weir design schemes mainly include the following types: The first method involves using concrete as the main structure of the weir to ensure structural stability, supplemented by planting aquatic vegetation on the surface of the weir to enhance its ecological effects.

[0004] The second method involves filling gabion mesh with stones to form a permeable weir, where a biofilm can adhere to the surface of the stones to achieve a certain water purification function.

[0005] The third method involves setting up a filler zone within the weir structure, where ecological filler is arranged to form a filler layer. Water is purified as it flows through the filler layer.

[0006] The third option uses ecological filler as a filter medium, which has substantial water purification capabilities compared to the first option. Compared to the second option, it has a larger specific surface area and better ion adsorption and microbial biofilm formation effects, and can achieve several times the water decontamination efficiency with a smaller volume.

[0007] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, although the third design scheme of the ecological weir has excellent water purification potential, in actual long-term operation, the packing layer of the ecological weir is prone to gradual blockage, resulting in a decrease in water flow capacity and a reduction in purification effect. This makes the ecological weir require frequent maintenance or replacement of packing, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and making it difficult to maintain the water purification effect in the long term. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application provides an ecological weir structure, the purpose of which is to extend the time from normal operation to blockage, thereby extending the effective working time of the ecological weir and improving its long-term purification performance.

[0009] The ecological weir structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An ecological weir structure includes: a weir body and a concrete base poured into the riverbed. Two retaining walls are vertically installed on the concrete base, and the two retaining walls are arranged in parallel and spaced apart to form a water passage for guiding river water flow. The weir body is located within the water passage. The water passage includes, in sequence along the water flow direction, a pollution interception zone, a sludge discharge zone, and a filler zone. The weir body includes a pollution interception grid, a sludge collection channel, and a filler wall. The pollution interception grid is connected to the two retaining walls and is located within the pollution interception zone. The sludge collection channel is located within the sludge discharge zone and is constructed on the concrete base. The filler wall is located within the filler zone. The filler wall includes a fixed material frame, which is connected to the two retaining walls, and the fixed material frame is filled with ecological filler to form a filler layer.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, two retaining walls are parallel and spaced apart on the concrete base to form a water passage channel, which concentrates and guides the dispersed river water in the river channel into the water passage channel, so that the river water flows through the pollution interception area, sludge discharge area and filling area in sequence along the water flow direction.

[0011] In this process, the river water first passes through the physical barrier of the debris barrier in the pollution interception area. Large pieces of floating garbage such as tree branches, plastic bags, and fallen leaves carried in the water are intercepted on the upstream side of the debris barrier. Because the porous structure of the ecological filler has a small pore size, large pieces of solid garbage are difficult to remove once embedded. Therefore, the debris barrier, as the first pretreatment barrier of the weir, effectively prevents large pieces of floating garbage from embedding into the pores and gaps of the ecological filler in the downstream filler wall and causing blockage.

[0012] Furthermore, as the river water enters the sludge discharge area, the sludge collection channel creates a depression at the bottom that is lower than the main channel bottom. The silt particles and fine suspended matter carried by the river water settle into the groove at the bottom of the sludge collection channel under the influence of gravity and are intercepted and collected. Since the bottom of the groove is located below the main flow area, the silt that has settled to the bottom of the groove is not easily picked up and carried away by the water flow, thereby further reducing the total amount of suspended particulate matter that enters the filler wall with the river water.

[0013] Finally, the river water passes through the filler wall, where the ecological filler material inside the wall comprehensively purifies the river water through multiple mechanisms such as physical interception, chemical adsorption, and microbial degradation.

[0014] Before the river water reaches the filler wall, the trash racks and sludge collection channels have already pre-removed large pieces of floating garbage, silt particles, and fine suspended solids in the water, thereby reducing the total amount of blockage entering the filler wall. This effectively slows down the clogging process of the filler layer, extends the effective working time of the ecological weir, and improves the long-term purification performance of the ecological weir.

[0015] Optionally, the retaining wall includes a constricted section, a parallel section, and a flared section connected in sequence. The parallel section is vertically arranged and its bottom is connected to the concrete base. The parallel sections of the two retaining walls are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The water passage is located between the two parallel sections. One end of the constricted section is connected to the parallel section along the water flow direction in the water passage, and the other end extends away from the water passage. One end of the flared section is connected to the parallel section along the water flow direction in the water passage, and the other end extends away from the water passage.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the constricted sections of the two retaining walls cooperate to form a gradually narrowing constriction structure. This allows the dispersed river water in the upstream channel to gradually converge towards the center line of the water passage under the guidance of the constriction structure. This gradually narrowing constriction structure avoids the turbulence and eddies caused by the sudden change in the cross-sectional area when the river water suddenly enters the narrow water passage from the wide river channel. This makes the flow of the river water entering the water passage more stable and uniform, reducing the impact and damage of turbulent water flow on the trash rack and filler wall.

[0017] The parallel sections of the two retaining walls work together to form a water passage channel of equal width, providing a stable and consistent flow cross-section for each functional area within the weir. This allows the river water to pass through the pollution interception area, sludge discharge area, and filling area at a uniform flow velocity and flow pattern, ensuring that the functional structures in each area can fully perform their respective functions of pollution interception, sedimentation, and purification under the design conditions.

[0018] The flared sections of the two retaining walls work together to form a gradually expanding flared structure, which guides the river water, after being purified by the filler wall, to gradually spread out along the diffusion direction and gently merge with the water in the downstream river channel. This gradually reduces the outflow velocity and prevents the purified river water from directly impacting the downstream riverbed in the form of a concentrated high-speed jet, thereby preventing local scouring and erosion of the downstream riverbed.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a sludge discharge tank, which is located on opposite sides of the weir. One end of the sludge collection channel is connected to the sludge discharge tank, and a sludge discharge valve for controlling the opening and closing of the sludge collection channel is provided in the sludge discharge tank.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sludge discharge tank is located on the side of the retaining wall away from the weir, and the connection between it and the sludge collection channel is controlled by a sludge discharge valve. When the sludge in the sludge collection channel accumulates to a certain amount, the sludge discharge valve is opened. The hydrostatic pressure difference of the river water in the channel drives the water flow to carry the sludge from the bottom of the sludge collection channel into the sludge discharge tank for temporary storage. After that, the sludge discharge valve is closed, and the sludge in the sludge discharge tank can be centrally pumped out and transported for treatment by a vacuum truck.

[0021] This sludge removal process does not require cutting off the river channel or stopping the operation of the weir, thus reducing the impact of sludge removal operations on the river's ecological environment. At the same time, the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve enables the regular removal of silt from the sludge collection channel, preventing silt from accumulating over a long period and flowing into the downstream filler wall with the water flow, thereby further slowing down the clogging process of the filler layer.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes a packing regeneration tank, which is located on opposite sides of the weir and the retaining wall, and the bottom of the packing regeneration tank is connected to the sludge discharge tank.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the purification efficiency of the ecological packing decreases due to pore blockage or chemical adsorption saturation, the ecological packing in the fixed material frame can be taken out and placed in the packing regeneration tank for rinsing or chemical regeneration treatment, thereby restoring the porosity and ion exchange capacity of the ecological packing. After regeneration, the ecological packing can be reloaded into the fixed material frame for continued use, thus realizing the recycling of the ecological packing and reducing the replacement cost of the ecological packing.

[0024] Meanwhile, since the bottom of the packing material regeneration tank is connected to the sludge discharge tank, the dirty wastewater containing sludge particles and aging biofilm debris generated during the regeneration and rinsing process of the ecological packing material can be automatically discharged into the sludge discharge tank under its own gravity for centralized temporary storage, and then uniformly pumped out by a vacuum truck for treatment, avoiding secondary pollution to the surrounding environment caused by the random discharge of regenerated wastewater.

[0025] Optionally, a plurality of fixed material frames are provided, and the plurality of fixed material frames are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the water passage. Each fixed material frame is filled with the filler layer. A flow channel partition plate is provided between two adjacent fixed material frames. The flow channel partition plate is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the bottom of the water passage.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, several fixed material frames are arranged sequentially along the width of the water channel, and adjacent fixed material frames are separated by flow channel partition plates. This results in the formation of several independent and parallel filter channels in the filler area, and each filter channel is equipped with a fixed material frame filled with a filler layer.

[0027] Under this split-channel structure design, even if the packing layer in a certain filter channel becomes blocked, the blockage is limited to the range of that filter channel by the channel partition plate and will not spread to adjacent filter channels. At this time, the entire weir only loses part of the purification capacity undertaken by that filter channel, while the other filter channels continue to operate normally. This improves the overall anti-blocking fault tolerance of the packing area and ensures that the ecological weir still has an effective water purification function under partial failure conditions.

[0028] Optionally, the fixed material frame is provided with flow channel sealing plates on both sides, and the two flow channel sealing plates are arranged alternately along the water flow direction in the water passage. The flow channel sealing plates are detachably connected to the fixed material frame, and the flow channel sealing plates close the fixed material frame.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, detachable flow channel sealing plates are set on the upstream and downstream sides of each fixed material frame, so that the inlet and outlet of each fixed material frame can be opened and closed independently.

[0030] When it is necessary to repair or replace the packing layer in a certain filter channel, the two channel sealing plates on the upstream and downstream sides of the fixed material frame are installed in place. This will simultaneously close the upstream inlet channel and the downstream outlet channel of the filter channel, putting the filter channel in an independent flow interruption state so that the corresponding repair or packing layer replacement operation can be carried out, while the other filter channels continue to operate without being affected.

[0031] Because the flow channel partition plate completely isolates each filter flow channel, and together with the independent sealing function of the flow channel sealing plate, it enables precise shutdown and maintenance of any single filter flow channel without affecting the continuous operation of the entire weir. The two work together to improve the operation and maintenance flexibility of the weir and the continuity of purification operations.

[0032] Optionally, the fixed material frame is provided with a plurality of filling cavities, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the water flow direction in the water passage channel; a plurality of filling layers are provided, and each filling layer corresponds to a filling cavity, with the filling layer filling the corresponding filling cavity.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal space of the fixed material frame is divided into several independent filling cavities, and each filling cavity is filled with a corresponding filling layer. This allows the river water to pass through several filling layers in successive stages when it flows through the corresponding fixed material frame.

[0034] With this design, on the one hand, it is easy to fill each packing cavity with different types or different particle sizes of ecological packing materials, so as to realize the zoning configuration of different purification functions, thereby enabling each packing layer to undertake its own purification responsibility to improve the overall purification efficiency; on the other hand, the packing layers in each packing cavity are independent of each other, making it easy to replace or maintain the packing layer in a single packing cavity without disassembling the entire packing wall, thus reducing the maintenance difficulty of the packing layer.

[0035] Optionally, along the water flow direction within the water passage, the particle size of the ecological filler in several of the filler layers decreases sequentially.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the particle size of the ecological filler in several filler layers decreases sequentially along the water flow direction, which makes the pore spacing between the ecological filler in the filler layer also decrease sequentially along the water flow direction, thus forming a graded filtration structure from coarse to fine.

[0037] In this staged filtration structure, the upstream coarse-particle packing layer bears the main load of suspended particulate matter retention. Its larger pore channels are not easily blocked quickly and are easy to flush and maintain. This results in a significant reduction in the suspended solids content of the water entering the downstream packing layers after filtration by the upstream coarse-particle packing layer, thus protecting the fine pore structure of the downstream fine-particle packing layer from rapid blockage by a large amount of suspended matter.

[0038] While each level of the packing layer performs its own dedicated filtration and purification function, the pretreatment of the previous packing layer creates favorable water quality conditions for the operation of the next packing layer, achieving multi-level synergistic purification and further extending the overall effective operating cycle of the packing wall.

[0039] Furthermore, the tiered filtration structure works in conjunction with the upstream trash rack and sludge collection channel, ensuring that suspended solids in the river water flowing into the weir are significantly reduced step by step before reaching the final fine-particle packing layer. The superimposed effect of the multi-stage pretreatment chain enhances the packing wall's anti-clogging ability.

[0040] Optionally, the ecological filler may be one or more of the following: volcanic rock fragments, modified zeolite, bio-ceramic particles, oyster shell fragments, and limestone fragments.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solutions, the above-mentioned ecological fillers cover a variety of purification mechanisms, including physical interception, biodegradation, ion exchange adsorption, and chemical precipitation.

[0042] Among them, volcanic rock fragments have a natural porous structure and a large specific surface area, which can not only intercept residual suspended particulate matter in river water through physical interception, but also provide a carrier for aerobic microorganisms to attach and reproduce, so as to achieve the biodegradation of organic pollutants.

[0043] Modified zeolite has a unique cation exchange capacity; the exchangeable cations in its crystal framework can undergo ion exchange reactions with ammonium ions in river water to remove ammonia nitrogen.

[0044] Biological ceramic particles provide a biofilm carrier for nitrifying bacteria, which can oxidize ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen to further reduce ammonia nitrogen concentration.

[0045] The main components of oyster shell fragments and limestone fragments are calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate slowly releases calcium ions in water. The calcium ions react chemically with phosphate ions in the river water to form insoluble calcium phosphate precipitates, thereby achieving the removal of total phosphorus.

[0046] The selection and combination of the above-mentioned ecological fillers enable the filler wall to target and remove different types of pollutants in the river water, thereby improving the overall purification efficiency of the filler wall for various pollutants such as suspended solids, organic pollutants, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus.

[0047] Optionally, the filler layer includes a plurality of movable material frames filled with ecological filler, the plurality of movable material frames being stacked vertically and located within the corresponding filler cavity.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, a modular design of the packing layer is achieved. When the packing layer in a certain packing cavity needs to be replaced or maintained due to blockage or adsorption saturation, maintenance personnel can remove the movable material frames one by one from the packing cavity for replacement or send them to the packing regeneration tank for regeneration. After regeneration, the movable material frames can be stacked back into the packing cavity. This modular stacking structure design eliminates the need for large hoisting equipment for packing layer replacement operations. Each movable material frame is an independent handling and operation unit, thereby further reducing the difficulty of replacing and maintaining the packing layer and improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of the weir.

[0049] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application establishes a debris-blocking zone, a sludge discharge zone, and a filler zone sequentially along the water flow direction within the water passage. Large floating debris is intercepted by the debris-blocking grid, and sediment and fine suspended solids are collected by the sludge collection channel. This two-stage pretreatment of the river water before it is introduced into the filler wall for further purification reduces the total amount of blockage entering the filler wall, slows down the clogging process caused by the continuous accumulation of suspended particles, flocs, and aging biofilm within the filler layer, and allows the water purification effect of the ecological weir to be maintained for a long time, thereby extending the effective working time of the ecological weir and improving its long-term purification performance.

[0050] 2. This application, through the coordinated design of several filter channels, channel sealing plates, and movable material frames, isolates blockage within a single filter channel by the channel partition plate without affecting the normal operation of other filter channels. The channel sealing plate can independently cut off the flow in any single filter channel, and the movable material frames can be removed one by one for replacement or regeneration. This constructs a complete operation and maintenance system from fault isolation and independent shutdown to rapid replacement, achieving efficient maintenance of the packing layer while ensuring the continuous operation of the weir.

[0051] 3. This application, through the design of the packing layers, forms a graded filtration structure from coarse to fine, and, in conjunction with the selection of various ecological packing materials, enables the coarse-particle packing layer to retain suspended solids while utilizing the porous surface of volcanic rock fragments for biodegradation. The intermediate-particle packing layer removes ammonia nitrogen through ion exchange and nitrification using modified zeolite and bio-ceramic particles, while the fine-particle packing layer removes total phosphorus through chemical precipitation using oyster shell fragments and limestone fragments. Each packing layer, in addition to graded filtration, also performs its own specific chemical and biological purification functions. This dual synergistic mechanism of graded filtration and zoned purification not only improves the overall purification efficiency of the packing wall for various pollutants but also allows the upstream coarse-particle packing layer to actively intercept suspended solids to protect the downstream fine-particle packing layer, further extending the overall effective operating cycle of the packing wall. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ecological weir structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the ecological weir structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ecological weir structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the ecological weir structure of Embodiment 1 of this application at the sludge collection channel.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed material frame of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ecological weir structure of Embodiment 1 of this application at the sludge discharge pond and the filler regeneration pond.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the ecological weir structure of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed material frame of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0060] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the fixed material frame according to Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0061] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed material frame of Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0062] In the diagram, 1 is the weir; 11 is the trash rack; 12 is the sludge collection channel; 13 is the packing wall; 131 is the fixed material frame; 1311 is the packing cavity; 1312 is the partition plate; 132 is the packing layer; 1321 is the movable material frame; 133 is the flow channel partition plate; 134 is the filter flow channel; and 135 is the flow channel sealing plate. 2. Concrete base; 21. Concrete bottom protection; 22. Concrete slope protection; 3. Retaining wall; 31. Narrowing section; 32. Parallel section; 33. Flaring section; 4. Crossing the irrigation ditch; 5. Sludge discharge tank; 51. Sludge discharge valve; 52. Sludge discharge channel; 53. First cover plate; 6. Packing material regeneration tank; 61. Connecting channel; 62. Second cover plate; 7. Backfill soil layer. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 10 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0064] Example 1: An ecological weir structure, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes a weir 1, a concrete base 2, and a retaining wall 3. There are two retaining walls 3, which are vertically set on the concrete base 2 and are set in parallel and spaced apart to form a water passage 4. The water passage 4 includes a sludge interception area, a sludge discharge area, and a filling area along the water flow direction.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The weir 1 is located within the water passage 4. The weir 1 includes a trash rack 11, which is located in the trash interception area and is connected to a retaining wall 3 at both ends along its length. The weir 1 also includes a sludge collection channel 12, located in the sludge discharge area and constructed on a concrete base 2. The length of the sludge collection channel 12 is aligned with the interval between the two retaining walls 3. The weir 1 also includes a filler wall 13, located in the filler area and connected to a retaining wall 3 on each opposite side.

[0066] Under the structural design of this ecological weir, when the river water flows normally in the channel, the two retaining walls 3 guide the river water into the water passage 4. The river water will flow through the pollution interception zone, the sludge discharge zone, and the filler zone in sequence until it flows out of the water passage 4. In this process, the river water first passes through the physical barrier of the pollution interception grid 11 in the pollution interception zone, where large pieces of floating garbage such as branches, plastic bags, and fallen leaves carried in the water are intercepted on the upstream side of the pollution interception grid 11. Then the river water enters the sludge discharge zone. Since the river water will subsequently enter the filler wall 13 for filtration, the flow velocity of the river water in the sludge discharge zone decreases. The silt particles and fine suspended solids carried in the river water settle to the bottom of the sludge collection channel 12 under the action of gravity and are intercepted and collected. Subsequently, when the river water enters the filler zone and passes through the filler wall 13, the filler wall 13 performs multiple filtration and purification treatments on the river water.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The concrete base 2 includes a concrete bottom protection 21 and a concrete slope protection 22. The concrete bottom protection 21 is set on the riverbed of the corresponding river channel, and the concrete slope protection 22 is set on the bank slope of the corresponding river channel. The concrete bottom protection 21 and the concrete slope protection 22 on both sides are integrally cast and connected to form a continuous base structure.

[0068] Based on the concrete bottom 21 covering the riverbed surface, it can prevent the continuous scouring and erosion of the natural riverbed by the water flow, and provide a stable bearing foundation for the weir 1 and the retaining wall 3.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The retaining wall 3 includes a constricted section 31, a parallel section 32, and a flared section 33 connected in sequence. The parallel section 32 is vertically arranged and its bottom is connected to the concrete bottom protection 21. The parallel sections 32 of the two retaining walls 3 are arranged parallel to each other, and the water passage 4 is located between the two parallel sections 32. One end of the constricted section 31 is connected to the parallel section 32 along the water flow direction in the water passage 4, and the other end extends away from the water passage 4. At the same time, one end of the flared section 33 is connected to the parallel section 32 along the water flow direction in the water passage 4, and the other end extends away from the water passage 4. Furthermore, the bottom of both the constricted section 31 and the flared section 33 are connected to the concrete bottom protection 21 and the corresponding concrete slope protection 22 in sequence along their own length direction.

[0070] Among them, the narrowing section 31, the trash rack 11, the sludge collection channel 12, the filler wall 13, and the widening section 33 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the parallel section 32.

[0071] Based on the structural design of the retaining walls 3, the constricted sections 31 of the two retaining walls 3 cooperate to form a funnel-shaped constriction structure, which guides the river water to gradually converge towards the centerline of the water passage 4, thus ensuring a smooth and uniform flow of the river water entering the water passage 4. Similarly, the cooperation of the parallel sections 32 of the two retaining walls 3 forms a water passage 4 of equal width, which provides a stable and consistent flow cross-section for the water passage 4, allowing the river water to pass through the pollution interception zone, sludge discharge zone, and filler zone with a uniform flow velocity and flow pattern, thereby ensuring that the functional structures in each zone can stably perform their respective functions of pollution interception, sedimentation, and purification under design conditions. Likewise, the flared sections 33 of the two retaining walls 3 are designed to form a funnel-shaped flared structure, which guides the river water to gradually expand along the diffusion direction and gently merge with the water in the downstream river channel.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the structural design of the retaining wall 3 and the concrete base 2 is such that a groove is formed between the constricted section 31, the parallel section 32 and the flared section 33 of the same retaining wall 3 and the corresponding concrete slope protection 22, and the groove is backfilled with a backfill soil layer 7.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The trash rack 11 is installed in the trash-blocking area of ​​the water passage 4, and the trash rack 11 is installed across the full width of the water passage 4 between two parallel sections 32 along its own length direction.

[0074] Based on the installation of the debris barrier 11, the debris barrier 11 can intercept large pieces of floating garbage such as tree branches, plastic bags, and fallen leaves carried in the river water, preventing large pieces of floating garbage from entering the water passage 4 and embedding into the pores and gaps of the ecological filler in the filler wall 13.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The sludge collection channel 12 is located in the sludge discharge area of ​​the water passage 4, and the sludge collection channel 12 is built on the concrete bottom 21. The sludge collection channel 12 spans the full width of the water passage 4 along its own length.

[0076] Based on the sludge collection channel 12, when river water flows through the sludge discharge area, the silt particles and fine suspended solids carried in the river water settle into the groove at the bottom of the sludge collection channel 12 under gravity and are intercepted and collected. Since the bottom of the groove is located below the main flow area, the silt that has settled to the bottom of the groove is not easily swept up and carried away by the water flow. This removes some of the silt particles and suspended solids carried in the river water entering the packing wall 13 in advance, thereby further delaying the clogging process of the packing wall 13 and effectively extending the continuous operation time of the packing wall 13.

[0077] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The ecological weir also includes a sludge discharge pond 5, which is located on opposite sides of a parallel section 32 with the weir body 1. One end of the sludge collection channel 12 passes through the parallel section 32 of the corresponding retaining wall 3 and is connected to the sludge discharge pond 5. The bottom depth of the sludge discharge pond 5 is greater than the bottom depth of the sludge collection channel 12. A sludge discharge valve 51 is also installed in the sludge discharge pond 5, which is connected to the sludge collection channel 12.

[0078] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 A sludge discharge channel 52 is provided on the parallel section 32 corresponding to the retaining wall 3. The sludge discharge channel 52 is horizontally positioned, with one end connected to the sludge collection channel 12 and the other end connected to the sludge discharge tank 5. A sludge discharge valve 51 is located at the end of the sludge discharge channel 52 near the sludge discharge tank 5 and is connected to the sludge discharge channel 52, thus enabling the sludge discharge valve 51 to control the opening and closing of the sludge discharge channel 52. The sludge discharge valve 51 is a knife gate valve, an electrically controlled gate valve, or a pneumatic gate valve.

[0079] Based on this design, when sufficient sludge is stored in the sludge collection channel 12, the sludge discharge valve 51 is opened. At this time, the hydrostatic pressure difference of the river water in the water passage 4 drives the water flow into the bottom of the sludge collection channel 12, thereby carrying the deposited sludge into the sludge discharge tank 5 for temporary storage. Afterwards, the sludge discharge valve 51 is closed. Subsequently, a vacuum truck pumps out the sludge from the sludge discharge tank 5 and transports it off-site for disposal. This allows for the regular removal of sludge; moreover, the dredging process does not require blocking the river channel, thus reducing the impact on the ecological environment.

[0080] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 The sludge discharge tank 5 is equipped with a first cover plate 53, which closes the sludge discharge tank 5. Furthermore, the sludge discharge tank 5 is made of precast reinforced concrete.

[0081] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The filler wall 13 includes a fixed material frame 131, and the fixed material frame 131 is filled with ecological filler to form a filler layer 132. The fixed material frame 131 is located in the filler area of ​​the water passage 4, and the two opposite sides of the fixed material frame 131 are respectively connected to the inner wall surface of the parallel section 32 of the corresponding retaining wall 3. The ecological filler in the filler layer 132 is one or more of the following: volcanic rock crushed stone, modified zeolite, oyster shell fragments, limestone fragments, or bio-ceramic granules.

[0082] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The fixed material frame 131 has a rectangular frame structure and includes a skeleton made of angle steel welded together. Both the water-facing and water-repellent sides of the skeleton are equipped with permeable baffles, which are fixedly connected to the skeleton. The permeable baffles are made of perforated steel plates or woven wire mesh, and have several permeable holes distributed on them. The diameter of the permeable holes is smaller than the minimum particle size of the ecological filler particles inside the fixed material frame 131.

[0083] Based on the coordinated arrangement of the fixed material frame 131 and the filler layer 132, the filler wall 13 is fixed as a whole in the filler area of ​​the water passage 4, thereby enabling stable filtration and purification of the river water passing through.

[0084] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 A packing regeneration tank 6 is provided on the side of a retaining wall 3 away from the water passage 4. The packing regeneration tank 6 and the sludge discharge tank 5 are located on the same side of the water passage 4. The bottom of the packing regeneration tank 6 is higher than the bottom of the sludge discharge tank 5. A connecting channel 61 is provided between the packing regeneration tank 6 and the sludge discharge tank 5. One end of the connecting channel 61 is connected to the bottom of the packing regeneration tank 6, and the other end is connected to the sludge discharge tank 5.

[0085] Based on the configuration of the packing regeneration tank 6, when the purification efficiency of the packing wall 13 decreases due to pore blockage or chemical adsorption saturation, the ecological packing material can be removed and placed into the packing regeneration tank 6 for regeneration. The regeneration process includes two methods: physical rinsing and chemical regeneration. Physical rinsing involves using a high-pressure water gun to wash away and remove sludge particles, flocculent precipitates generated by chemical reactions, and aged biofilm sloughed off by microbial metabolism from the surface and pores of the ecological packing material, restoring its porosity and the unobstructed flow channels. Chemical regeneration involves immersing the saturated zeolite ecological packing material in a sodium chloride solution, using sodium ions to replace the adsorbed ammonium ions in the zeolite ecological packing material, restoring its ion exchange capacity. After regeneration, the ecological packing material can be reloaded into the fixed material frame 131 for continued use, thus achieving the recycling of the ecological packing material.

[0086] Specifically, when it is necessary to regenerate the ecological filler in the fixed material frame 131, a vacuum suction device can be used to suck out the ecological filler in the fixed material frame 131, or it can be manually shoveled out after the water channel 4 is drained.

[0087] Based on the connection channel 61 between the packing regeneration tank 6 and the sludge discharge tank 5, the dirty wastewater containing sludge particles and aging biofilm debris generated during the washing and regeneration of the ecological packing can flow into the sludge discharge tank 5 by gravity through the connection channel 61 for centralized temporary storage, and then be uniformly pumped out and transported for treatment by a vacuum truck.

[0088] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6A second cover plate 62 is provided on the packing regeneration tank 6, which closes the packing regeneration tank 6.

[0089] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: the river water in the upstream river channel flows smoothly into the water passage 4 under the guidance of the narrowing sections 31 of the two retaining walls 3. After entering the water passage 4, the river water flows through the pollution interception area, the sludge discharge area and the filler area in sequence.

[0090] Within the pollution interception zone, the river water first passes through the pollution interception fence 11. The pollution interception fence 11 intercepts large pieces of floating garbage such as tree branches, plastic bags, and fallen leaves carried in the river water.

[0091] Within the sludge discharge area, the sludge collection channel 12 creates a depression at its bottom that is lower than the main channel bottom of the water passage 4. Under gravity, sediment and fine suspended solids carried in the river water settle into the depression at the bottom of the sludge collection channel 12 and are collected. When the sludge in the sludge collection channel 12 accumulates to a certain amount, the sludge discharge valve 51 is opened. The hydrostatic pressure difference of the river water in the water passage 4 drives the water flow, carrying the sludge through the sludge discharge channel 52 into the sludge discharge tank 5 for temporary storage. After the sludge discharge valve 51 is closed, the sludge in the sludge discharge tank 5 is pumped out by a vacuum truck for disposal.

[0092] Within the filler zone, river water enters the filler wall 13 and, driven by the hydrostatic pressure difference, passes through the filler layer 132 within the fixed material frame 131. At this time, the ecological filler in the filler layer 132 comprehensively removes various pollutants such as suspended solids, organic pollutants, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus from the river water through multiple mechanisms such as physical interception, biodegradation, chemical adsorption, and chemical precipitation.

[0093] Example 2: An ecological weir structure, referring to Figure 7 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: a plurality of fixed material frames 131 are provided, and the plurality of fixed material frames 131 are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the water passage 4, and each fixed material frame 131 is filled with a filler layer 132.

[0094] Reference Figure 7 A flow channel partition plate 133 is provided between two adjacent fixed material frames 131. The flow channel partition plate 133 is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the bottom of the water passage 4. The flow channel partition plate 133 encloses the two adjacent fixed material frames 131. The fixed material frames 131 are fixedly connected to the adjacent flow channel partition plate 133 or the parallel section 32 of the adjacent retaining wall 3.

[0095] Based on the arrangement of the flow channel partition plate 133, the flow channel partition plate 133 and the adjacent flow channel partition plate 133 or the adjacent parallel section 32 are arranged in parallel to form a filter flow channel 134, which can form a number of parallel and spaced filter flow channels 134, and each filter flow channel 134 has a fixed material frame 131 filled with a filler layer 132.

[0096] With this design, even if the packing layer 132 in a certain filter channel 134 becomes blocked, the blockage is limited to the range of that filter channel 134 by the channel partition plate 133 and will not spread to adjacent filter channels 134. At this time, the weir body 1 as a whole only loses a part of its purification capacity, and the other filter channels 134 continue to operate in normal condition, which can improve the anti-blocking fault tolerance of the packing area.

[0097] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, two flow channel sealing plates 135 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the fixed material frame 131. The two flow channel sealing plates 135 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the water flow direction in the water passage 4. The flow channel sealing plates 135 are detachably connected to the fixed material frame 131, and the flow channel sealing plates 135 close the fixed material frame 131.

[0098] Specifically, the fixed material frame 131 has insertion slots on both sides. The insertion slots extend vertically through the upper end of the fixed material frame 131. The flow channel sealing plate 135 is set in correspondence with the insertion slots. The flow channel sealing plate 135 is inserted into the corresponding insertion slot and the flow channel sealing plate 135 closes the fixed material frame 131.

[0099] Under this design, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 When it is necessary to repair or replace the ecological filler in a certain filter channel 134, the two channel sealing plates 135 on the upstream and downstream sides of the fixed material frame 131 are vertically inserted into the corresponding insertion slots from above the fixed material frame 131. This simultaneously seals the upstream inlet and downstream outlet channels of the fixed material frame 131, putting the filter channel 134 in a flow-interrupted state, which facilitates the corresponding operation. After the repair is completed, the two channel sealing plates 135 are pulled upwards out of the insertion slots, and the filter channel 134 returns to normal operation.

[0100] In addition, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 When all the channel sealing plates 135 on the downstream side of the fixed material frames 131 in all the filter channels 134 are fully inserted and closed, the downstream water outlet channels of all the filter channels 134 are simultaneously cut off, and the entire packing wall 13 becomes a solid water-blocking structure. At this time, the weir body 1 does not provide water purification function, but still performs the function of water level retention of an ordinary weir.

[0101] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Under normal operating conditions, river water is evenly distributed into each filtration channel 134, and after passing through the packing layer 132 in the corresponding fixed material frame 131 within each filtration channel 134 for purification, it flows out of the water passage 4. Since each filtration channel 134 is completely isolated by the channel partition plate 133, the flow state and blockage state of the packing layer 132 in each filtration channel 134 do not affect each other. Even if the packing layer 132 in a certain filtration channel 134 becomes blocked, the blockage is limited to the range of that filtration channel 134 by the channel partition plate 133 and will not spread to adjacent filtration channels 134. The remaining filtration channels 134 continue to operate normally, and the overall purification capacity of the weir 1 is only reduced to the portion borne by one of the filtration channels 134.

[0102] When maintenance or replacement of the ecological packing material is required for a certain filter channel 134, the two channel sealing plates 135 on the upstream and downstream sides of the corresponding fixed material frame 131 of the filter channel 134 are vertically inserted into the corresponding insertion slots from above the fixed material frame 131. The two channel sealing plates 135 simultaneously seal the upstream inlet channel and the downstream outlet channel of the fixed material frame 131, thus putting the filter channel 134 into a flow interruption state. At this time, the other filter channels 134 continue to operate without being affected. In the flow interruption state, the maintenance personnel can remove the packing layer 132 inside the fixed material frame 131 in the filter channel 134 and replace the packing layer 132 or send it to the packing regeneration tank 6 for regeneration treatment.

[0103] When comprehensive maintenance of the entire weir 1 is required, or when temporary damming of river water through the filler area is necessary under extreme conditions, all downstream sealing plates 135 of the fixed material frames 131 within the filter channels 134 are inserted and sealed. Simultaneously, the downstream outlet channels of all filter channels 134 are cut off, and the entire filler wall 13 becomes a solid water-blocking structure. At this time, the weir 1 does not provide water purification, but continues to function as a regular weir for water level control.

[0104] Example 3: An ecological weir structure, referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: a plurality of packing cavities 1311 are provided inside the fixed material frame 131, and the plurality of packing cavities 1311 are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction in the water passage 4. A plurality of packing layers 132 are provided, and the packing layers 132 are arranged one-to-one with the packing cavities 1311, and the plurality of packing layers 132 fill the corresponding packing cavities 1311. Along the water flow direction in the water passage 4, the particle size of the ecological packing in the plurality of packing layers 132 decreases sequentially.

[0105] With this design, the particle size of the ecological filler in several filler layers 132 decreases sequentially along the water flow direction, which also causes the pore spacing of the filler in the filler layer 132 to decrease sequentially along the water flow direction, thus forming a graded filtration structure from coarse to fine, thereby realizing multi-stage filtration function.

[0106] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The fixed material frame 131 is provided with several partition plates 1312. The partition plates 1312 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the water flow direction in the water passage 4. The partition plates 1312 divide the internal space of the fixed material frame 131 into several filling cavities 1311. The partition plates 1312 are made of perforated steel plates. Several water-permeable holes are distributed on the partition plates 1312. The diameter of the water-permeable holes on the partition plates 1312 is smaller than the minimum particle size of the ecological filler particles in the filling cavities 1311 on both sides of the partition plates 1312.

[0107] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The filler layer 132 includes several movable material frames 1321 filled with ecological filler, and the several movable material frames 1321 are stacked vertically and located in the corresponding filler cavity 1311.

[0108] In this embodiment, the movable material frame 1321 is a rectangular box shape. The movable material frame 1321 includes a sub-frame, which is welded from stainless steel angle steel. Sub-perforated plates are provided on the periphery of the sub-frame. The sub-perforated plates are made of 304 stainless steel, and the aperture of the perforated plates is smaller than the minimum particle size of the corresponding ecological filler particles inside the movable material frame 1321. The opening ratio of the sub-perforated plates is not less than 40%. Based on the sub-perforated plates, water flow is allowed to freely pass through the movable material frame 1321 and enter the filler for purification, while preventing filler particles from leaking out of the movable material frame 1321.

[0109] Based on the structural design of the packing layer 132, when the packing layer 132 is blocked and needs to be replaced or maintained, it is easy to move and replace the corresponding movable material frames 1321. This facilitates the quick and thorough replacement of the corresponding packing layer 132, thereby reducing unnecessary ecological packing residue.

[0110] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 There are three packing cavities 1311, corresponding to three packing layers 132. Along the water flow direction in the water passage 4, the first packing layer 132 uses volcanic rock crushed stone as the ecological packing material, with a particle size range of 30-50mm; the second packing layer 132 uses a mixed packing material of modified zeolite and bio-ceramic particles, with a particle size range of 15-25mm; the third packing layer 132 uses a mixed packing material of oyster shell fragments and limestone fragments, with a particle size range of 10-20mm.

[0111] In the first layer of filler 132, the volcanic rock fragments have a natural porous structure and a large specific surface area. On the one hand, the volcanic rock fragments can intercept residual suspended particles in the river water by physical interception. On the other hand, the porous surface of the volcanic rock fragments provides a carrier for aerobic microorganisms to attach and reproduce. After the microorganisms form a biofilm on the surface of the volcanic rock fragments, they can remove organic pollutants in the water through biodegradation.

[0112] Within the second packing layer 132, the modified zeolite possesses unique cation exchange capabilities. The exchangeable cations in the crystalline framework of the modified zeolite can undergo ion exchange reactions with ammonium ions in the river water, thereby removing ammonia nitrogen from the river water. The bio-ceramic particles provide a biofilm carrier for nitrifying bacteria, which can oxidize ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen, further reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the river water.

[0113] In the third packing layer 132, the main components of oyster shells and limestone are calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate slowly releases calcium ions in the water. The calcium ions react chemically with phosphate ions in the river water to form insoluble calcium phosphate precipitates, thereby achieving the removal of total phosphorus from the river water.

[0114] Based on the coordinated arrangement of the three-layer packing wall 132, when the river water passes through the three-layer packing wall 132 in sequence, it undergoes a triple purification process of physical interception and aerobic degradation, ion exchange and biological nitrification, and chemical precipitation and pH adjustment. This enables the packing wall 13 to achieve multi-level synergistic removal of suspended solids, organic pollutants, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, thereby improving the overall purification efficiency of the packing wall 13.

[0115] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Under normal operating conditions, the river water passes through three layers of filler 132 in sequence. Each of the three layers of filler 132 performs its own function and proceeds in sequence, thereby achieving multi-level synergistic removal of suspended solids, organic pollutants, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the river water.

[0116] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An ecological weir structure, characterized in that, include: The weir (1) and the concrete base (2) poured on the riverbed, on which two retaining walls (3) are vertically installed, and the two retaining walls (3) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart to form a water passage (4) for guiding the river water to flow through, and the weir (1) is located in the water passage (4); The water passage (4) includes, in sequence along the water flow direction, a debris interception zone, a sludge discharge zone, and a filler zone; The weir (1) includes a trash rack (11), a sludge collection channel (12), and a filler wall (13). The trash rack (11) is connected to two retaining walls (3) and is located within the trash racking area. The sludge collection channel (12) is located within the sludge discharge area and is constructed on the concrete base (2). The filler wall (13) is located within the filler area. The filler wall (13) includes a fixed material frame (131), which is connected to the two retaining walls (3), and the fixed material frame (131) is filled with ecological filler to form a filler layer (132).

2. The ecological weir structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining wall (3) includes a constricted section (31), a parallel section (32) and a widened section (33) connected in sequence. The parallel section (32) is vertically arranged and its bottom is connected to the concrete base (2). The parallel sections (32) of the two retaining walls (3) are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The water channel (4) is located between the two parallel sections (32). The constricted section (31) is connected to the parallel section (32) at one end along the water flow direction in the water passage (4), and the other end extends away from the water passage (4); The flared section (33) is connected to the parallel section (32) at one end along the water flow direction in the water passage (4), and the other end extends away from the water passage (4).

3. The ecological weir structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sludge discharge pond (5), which is located on opposite sides of the weir (1) and the retaining wall (3); One end of the sludge collection channel (12) is connected to the sludge discharge tank (5), and the sludge discharge tank (5) is equipped with a sludge discharge valve (51) for controlling the opening and closing of the sludge collection channel (12).

4. The ecological weir structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a packing regeneration tank (6), which is located on opposite sides of the weir (1) and the bottom of the packing regeneration tank (6) is connected to the sludge discharge tank (5).

5. An ecological weir structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of fixed material frames (131) are provided, and the plurality of fixed material frames (131) are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the water passage (4), and each fixed material frame (131) is filled with the filler layer (132). A flow channel partition plate (133) is provided between two adjacent fixed material frames (131). The flow channel partition plate (133) is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the bottom of the water passage (4).

6. An ecological weir structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed material frame (131) is provided with flow channel sealing plates (135) on both sides, and the two flow channel sealing plates (135) are arranged alternately along the water flow direction in the water passage (4). The flow channel sealing plates (135) are detachably connected to the fixed material frame (131), and the flow channel sealing plates (135) close the fixed material frame (131).

7. An ecological weir structure according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The fixed material frame (131) is provided with a plurality of filling cavities (1311), and the plurality of filling cavities (1311) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the water flow direction in the water passage (4); The packing layer (132) is provided in a plurality of ways, and the packing layer (132) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the packing cavity (1311), and the packing layer (132) is filled in the corresponding packing cavity (1311).

8. An ecological weir structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the water flow direction in the water passage (4), the particle size of the ecological filler in several filler layers (132) decreases sequentially.

9. An ecological weir structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ecological filler material is one or more of the following: volcanic rock fragments, modified zeolite, bio-ceramic granules, oyster shell fragments, and limestone fragments.

10. An ecological weir structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filler layer (132) includes a plurality of movable material frames (1321) filled with ecological filler, and the plurality of movable material frames (1321) are stacked vertically and located in the corresponding filler cavity (1311).

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