Apparatus for flame testing materials
By designing a flame testing device using a slender, transparent material and a rotator, the limitations of existing devices in terms of sample quantity and low data resolution were solved, enabling efficient and low-cost flame testing and providing more representative test results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DOW GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES LLC
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing flame testing equipment, such as the Steiner Tunnel, is limited by its large size, which restricts the number of samples that can be tested within a specific time frame. It also requires large sample sizes, resulting in high testing costs, low data resolution, and blind spots, which affect the accuracy of test results.
A flame testing device comprising a slender transparent material, a burner, a constraint, and an air inlet section was designed. The continuous transparent material and rotator provide multi-angle observation, reduce blind spots, and optimize airflow distribution through a flow distributor to support efficient testing of smaller samples.
It increases the number of test materials within a specific time range, reduces test errors, provides more representative data, lowers sample size requirements and test costs, and improves data resolution and continuity of observation.
Smart Images
Figure CN122374634A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to an apparatus for flame testing of materials and methods of using the same. Background Technology
[0002] Many devices, such as the Steiner tunnel, have been used for flame testing of materials. Typically, these materials are placed in the device and then exposed to combustion in order to determine one or more combustion behaviors of the material.
[0003] An example of a standard combustion test is ASTM E 84, which utilizes a fire resistance test chamber, which is a horizontal tunnel or pipe with a rectangular cross-section and multiple windows spaced longitudinally along the sides of the tunnel. Attached Figure Description
[0004] Figure 1 This is an illustration of a portion of an apparatus for flame testing of materials according to several embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0005] Figure 2 This is an exploded view illustration of a portion of an apparatus for flame testing of materials according to several embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0006] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional illustration of a portion of an apparatus for flame testing of materials according to several embodiments of the present disclosure. Summary of the Invention
[0007] This disclosure provides various embodiments, including the following. In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to an apparatus for flame testing of a material, the apparatus comprising: an elongated transparent material; a burner extending in a normal direction relative to a main surface of the elongated transparent material; a first elongated wall adjacent to the elongated transparent material, wherein the first elongated wall is removably coupled to the elongated transparent material and includes a first constraint configured to constrain the flame-testable material; and a second elongated wall adjacent to the elongated transparent material, wherein the second elongated wall is separated from the first elongated wall by the elongated transparent material. The second elongated wall is removably connected to an elongated transparent material, and the second elongated wall includes a second constraint configured to constrain the flame-testable material; an elongated cap removably attached to the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall; an input flange connected to the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall; an output flange connected to the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall; and an air inlet section connected to the input flange, wherein the air inlet section includes a pressurized air inlet and a flow distributor located between the pressurized air inlet and the burner. Detailed Implementation
[0008] There is a need for an apparatus for flame testing of materials and a method of using it. Advantageously, this disclosure provides an apparatus for flame testing of materials, the apparatus comprising: an elongated transparent material; a burner extending in a normal direction relative to a main surface of the elongated transparent material; a first elongated wall coupled to the elongated transparent material, wherein the first elongated wall extends in a normal direction relative to the main surface of the elongated transparent material, wherein the first elongated wall includes a first constraint configured to constrain the flame-testable material; and a second elongated wall coupled to the elongated transparent material, wherein the second elongated wall extends in a normal direction relative to the main surface of the elongated transparent material. Extending in the normal direction, the second elongated wall includes a second constraint configured to constrain flame-testable material; an elongated cap removably attached to the first and second elongated walls; an input flange coupled to the elongated transparent material, the first and second elongated walls; an output flange coupled to the elongated transparent material, the first and second elongated walls; and an air inlet section coupled to the input flange, wherein the air inlet section includes a pressurized air inlet and a flow distributor located between the pressurized air inlet and the burner.
[0009] Previous apparatuses used for flame testing of materials (e.g., the Steiner Tunnel) are large, which can limit the number of samples that can be tested within a given timeframe. Advantageously, the apparatus disclosed herein differs from the Steiner Tunnel in that it is relatively smaller, which allows for an improved (i.e., increased) count of test materials within a given timeframe, particularly for tests compatible with ASTM E 84. This improved (i.e., increased) count of test materials allows for a relatively larger sample size to be tested for each sampled material, which can help provide more representative data for the tested materials. Furthermore, ASTM E 84 testing with the Steiner Tunnel requires relatively large sample sizes, such as 24-foot-long samples, compared to samples tested with the apparatus disclosed herein for flame testing of materials. These relatively large samples can be cumbersome and have relatively high associated costs.
[0010] Compared to samples tested using the apparatus disclosed herein for flame testing of materials, previous apparatuses for flame testing of materials (e.g., the Steiner Tunnel) are susceptible to the relatively low data resolution from flame testing. For example, because the Steiner Tunnel has multiple windows longitudinally spaced along its sides along its length, there are multiple locations along the tunnel length where the view is obstructed—that is, locations along the tunnel length where the windows are not located. Advantageously, compared to these previous apparatuses, the apparatus disclosed herein comprises a continuous, elongated, transparent material, which provides improved (i.e., reduced) sensitivity to potentially erroneous results from flame testing. As mentioned above, the Steiner Tunnel has blind spots from the intermittent windows of the Steiner Tunnel, and because observation is performed from the sides of the Steiner Tunnel, unlike observation from the elongated, transparent material discussed herein, the flame near the Steiner Tunnel window disadvantageously prevents observation beyond that flame.
[0011] Figure 1 This is an illustration of a portion of an apparatus 100 for flame testing of materials according to several embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the apparatus 100 includes a test area 102. The test area can be used to expose a material to combustion, such as performing a flame test on the material. As further discussed herein, the apparatus 100 may include an elongated transparent material, a burner, a first elongated wall 132, and a second elongated wall 232 (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown), an elongated cover 106, an input flange 108, an output flange 110, an air input section 112 including a pressurized air input 113, an observation mirror 114, and a rotator 116.
[0012] The embodiment provides that the rotator 116 is configured to rotate the device 100 (e.g., the main surface of an elongated transparent material, as discussed further herein) from 0° to 360°. The rotator can help provide different burning angles that can be utilized relative to the material being tested in a flame. Additionally, the rotator can help provide different flame propagation angles that can be utilized relative to the material being tested in a flame.
[0013] Device 100 can be installed. Various known mounting components can be used. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the device can be mounted onto frame 118. Known frames can be used. For example... Figure 1 As shown, frame 118 may include wheels 120-1, 120-2, 120-3, 120-4. For example, one or more embodiments provide that wheels 120-1, 120-2, 120-3, 120-4 are lockable.
[0014] Figure 2This is an exploded view illustration of a portion of an apparatus 100 for flame testing of materials according to several embodiments of the present disclosure. As mentioned, apparatus 100 includes an elongated transparent material 224. One or more embodiments provide that the elongated transparent material 224 is glass. Embodiments provide that the elongated transparent material 224 is continuous, for example, the elongated transparent material is not interrupted by another material along its entire length and width.
[0015] The elongated transparent material 224 includes a main surface 226. The main surface 226 may be referred to as the inner surface. For example, the main surface 226, together with the cap 106, the first elongated sidewall 132, and the second elongated wall 232, helps to define a volume in which the material being flame-tested is exposed to combustion.
[0016] As used herein, "elongated" indicates that the length of a component is greater than its width. The elongated transparent material 224 can have a length 228 ranging from 0.2 meters (m) to 2.5 meters (m). This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.2 meters to 2.5 meters; for example, the length of the elongated transparent material can range from a lower limit of 0.2 meters, 0.5 meters, or 0.7 meters to an upper limit of 2.5 meters, 2 meters, or 1.5 meters. The elongated transparent material 224 can have a width 230 ranging from 0.02 meters to 0.2 meters. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02 meters to 0.2 meters; for example, the length of the elongated transparent material can range from a lower limit of 0.02 meters, 0.05 meters, or 0.07 meters to an upper limit of 0.2 meters, 0.18 meters, or 0.15 meters.
[0017] As mentioned, device 100 includes a first elongated wall 132 and a second elongated wall 232. The first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 may be lipped walls. The first elongated wall 132 may include a first lip 234-1 and a second lip 234-2. The second elongated wall 232 may include a first lip 236-1 and a second lip 236-2. The first lip 234-1 and the second lip 234-2 may be perpendicular to the first elongated wall 232. The first lip 236-1 and the second lip 236-2 may be perpendicular to the second elongated wall 232. The elongated walls including the corresponding first and second lips may have a "C-shaped profile".
[0018] The first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 may each have a length 238 from 0.3 m to 2.5 m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.3 m to 2.5 m; for example, the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall may each have a length from a lower limit of 0.3 m, 0.5 m, or 0.6 m to an upper limit of 2.5 m, 2 m, or 1.5 m. The embodiment provides a first lip 234-1, a second lip 234-2, a first lip 236-1, and a second lip 236-2 each having a length 238.
[0019] The first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 may each have a width 240 from 0.02 m to 0.2 m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02 m to 0.2 m; for example, the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall may each have a length from a lower limit of 0.02 m, 0.04 m, or 0.07 m to an upper limit of 0.2 m, 0.17 m, or 0.15 m.
[0020] The implementation provides that the first lip 234-1, the second lip 234-2, the first lip 236-1, and the second lip 236-2 are each elongated lip margins. The first lip 234-1, the second lip 234-2, the first lip 236-1, and the second lip 236-2 may each have a width 242 from 0.04m to 0.08m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.04m to 0.08m; for example, the first lip 234-1, the second lip 234-2, the first lip 236-1, and the second lip 236-2 may each have a length from a lower limit of 0.04m, 0.045m, or 0.05m to an upper limit of 0.08m, 0.07m, or 0.06m. One or more embodiments provide that first lip edge 234-1 and first lip edge 236-1 have the same first lip edge width, and second lip edge 234-2 and second lip edge 236-2 have the same second lip edge width, wherein the same first lip edge width is the same as the same second lip edge width. One or more embodiments provide that first lip edge 234-1 and first lip edge 236-1 have the same first lip edge width, and second lip edge 234-2 and second lip edge 236-2 have the same second lip edge width, wherein the same first lip edge width is different from the same second lip edge width.
[0021] One or more embodiments provide that the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 are opaque materials, such as stainless steel. One or more embodiments provide that the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 are continuous opaque materials, for example, the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall are not interrupted by another material along their entire length and width, respectively.
[0022] As mentioned, device 100 includes an elongated cap 106. The elongated cap 106 may have a length 244 ranging from 0.1 m to 2.5 m, including all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.1 m to 2.5 m; for example, the length of the elongated cap may range from a lower limit of 0.1 m, 0.5 m, or 0.7 m to an upper limit of 2.5 m, 2 m, or 1.5 m. The elongated cap 106 may have a width 246 ranging from 0.02 m to 0.3 m, including all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02 m to 0.3 m; for example, the length of the elongated transparent material may range from a lower limit of 0.02 m, 0.05 m, or 0.06 m to an upper limit of 0.3 m, 0.25 m, or 0.24 m.
[0023] The embodiments provide that an elongated cap 106 can be removably attached to a first elongated wall 132 and a second elongated wall 232. Various known attachments can be used. The embodiments provide that the elongated cap can be removed from the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 to load flame-retardant test material into the device 100, for example, by placing and securing it to a first lip 234-1 and / or a first lip 236-1. One or more embodiments provide that an insulating material can be used to separate the elongated cap 106 and the flame-retardant test material. After loading the flame-retardant test material, the elongated cap 106 can be attached to the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 for flame testing of the flame-retardant test material, for example, exposing the flame-retardant test material to combustion. The elongated cap 106 can be attached to the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 by clips and / or straps and / or other attachment devices. After the flame test, for example, the elongated cap can be removed from the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 to remove test residues and / or cleaning device 100.
[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the first lip 234-1 and / or the first lip 236-1 may include multiple flame-testable material restraints 248-1, 248-2, 248-3, 248-4, 248-5, 248-6. Although Figure 2 Six flame-testable material restraints are shown, but the embodiments are not limited to this. For example, one or more embodiments provide the use of fewer than six flame-testable material restraints; one or more embodiments provide the use of more than six flame-testable material restraints. Various known restraints can be used. One or more embodiments provide that the flame-testable material restraints are rotatable Z-shaped clips. Multiple flame-testable material restraints can be used to removably attach the flame-testable material to the first lip 234-1 and / or the first lip 236-1. In other words, when the flame-testable material is exposed to combustion, multiple flame-testable material restraints can be used to secure the flame-testable material to the first lip 234-1 and / or the first lip 236-1.
[0025] Although Figure 2Not shown, but one or more embodiments provide that the second lip 234-2 and / or the second lip 236-2 may include a plurality of elongated transparent material restraints. The plurality of elongated transparent material restraints can be used to removably attach elongated transparent material to the second lip 234-2 and / or the second lip 236-2. In other words, when the flame-testable material is exposed to combustion, the plurality of elongated transparent material restraints can be used to secure the elongated transparent material to the second lip 234-2 and / or the second lip 236-2. The plurality of elongated transparent material restraints can be used to release the elongated transparent material from the second lip 234-2 and / or the second lip 236-2, for example, to clean the elongated transparent material. Various known restraints can be used. Various numbers of restraints can be used. One or more embodiments provide that the elongated transparent material restraint is a rotatable Z-shaped clip.
[0026] As mentioned, device 100 includes burner 250. Various known burners can be used. One or more embodiments provide that burner 250 is the only burner. In other words, one or more embodiments provide that burner 250 is the only combustion source of device 100.
[0027] The implementation provides that the burner 250 is power adjustable. When operating, the burner can provide power from 0.3 kW to 12.5 kW. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.3 kW to 12.5 kW; for example, the burner can provide power from a lower limit of 0.3 kW, 1.5 kW, or 3.0 kW to an upper limit of 12.5 kW, 11.0 kW, or 10.0 kW.
[0028] One or more embodiments provide a burner 250 which is supplied with propane and oxygen for combustion. Known components, such as tanks, pipes, regulators, flame arresters, and valves, may be used, for example, to supply propane and oxygen to the burner.
[0029] The burner 250 can be height-adjustable. The burner can have a height relative to the burner mount 252 ranging from 0.01m to 0.1m, i.e., a vertical height. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.01m to 0.1m; for example, the burner can have a height relative to the burner mount ranging from a lower limit of 0.01m, 0.03m, or 0.04m to an upper limit of 0.1m, 0.07m, or 0.06m. The burner 250 can be length-adjustable. For example, the burner can be adjusted along the length of the device 100 (e.g., along length 238). Longitudinal adjustment of the burner 250 can provide flame testing at various points on the flame-testable sample.
[0030] The embodiment provides that the burner 250 extends in the normal direction 254 relative to the main surface 226 of the elongated transparent material 224. In other words, the burner 250 extends perpendicularly to the main surface 226 of the elongated transparent material 224.
[0031] The implementation provides a burner mount 252 for attaching a burner 250 to a second lip 234-2 of a first wall 132, a second lip 236-2 of a second wall 232, and / or an elongated transparent material 224. As an example, the burner mount 252 can be bolted to the second lip 132-2 of the first wall 234, the second lip 232-2 of the second wall 236, and / or the elongated transparent material 224.
[0032] As mentioned, the device 100 includes an input flange 108. The embodiment provides that pressurized air can be input into a volume in which the material being flame-tested is exposed to combustion. The input flange can be coupled to a first elongated wall 132 and a second elongated wall 232.
[0033] The input flange 108 may have an internal width of 0.02m to 0.2m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 0.2m; for example, the input flange may have an internal width from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.04m, or 0.07m to an upper limit of 0.2m, 0.17m, or 0.15m.
[0034] The input flange 108 may have an internal height of 0.02m to 0.3m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 0.3m; for example, the input flange may have an internal height from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.04m, or 0.07m to an upper limit of 0.3m, 0.25m, or 0.2m.
[0035] As mentioned, device 100 includes an output flange 110. The output flange may be coupled to a first elongated wall 132 and a second elongated wall 232, for example, opposite to the input flange 108.
[0036] The output flange 110 may have an internal width 260 from 0.02m to 0.2m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 0.2m; for example, the output flange may have an internal width from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.04m, or 0.07m to an upper limit of 0.2m, 0.17m, or 0.15m.
[0037] The output flange 110 may have an internal height 262 from 0.02m to 0.3m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 0.3m; for example, the output flange may have an internal height from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.04m, or 0.07m to an upper limit of 0.3m, 0.25m, or 0.2m.
[0038] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional illustration of a portion of an apparatus 100 for flame testing of materials according to several embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0039] As mentioned, the device 100 includes an air input section 112, which includes a pressurized air input section 113. Embodiments provide that the pressurized air input section 113 can be used to provide an airflow from 0 standard liters per minute (SLPM) to 250 standard liters per minute (SLPM). This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0 SLPM to 250 SLPM; for example, the pressurized air input section can provide an airflow from a lower limit of 0 SLPM, 0.5 SLPM, or 5 SLPM to an upper limit of 250 SLPM, 235 SLPM, or 225 SLPM. Different airflows may be desired for various applications. Advantageously, providing airflow from the pressurized air input section 113 can help facilitate the propagation of a flame along a flame-testable material being tested with the device 100.
[0040] The embodiment provides an air inlet section 112 including a flow distributor 356. The flow distributor may be located between the pressurized air inlet section 113 and the burner 250. Advantageously, the flow distributor can help provide a desired airflow distribution throughout the device 100. For example, compared to airflow without a flow distributor, the flow distributor can help provide a more uniform air distribution throughout the device 100. Various flow distributors are used for different applications. One or more embodiments provide that the flow distributor is a perforated plate, baffle, spacer, or a combination thereof. One or more embodiments provide that the flow distributor is a perforated plate, for example, a metal plate having multiple holes passing through the plate. Different numbers and sizes of holes can be used for various applications. One or more embodiments provide that the flow distributor is a stainless steel plate having evenly spaced holes of 0.25 inches in diameter passing through the plate to provide 58% of the open area, i.e., the area occupied by the holes.
[0041] The air input section 112 may have a length 358 ranging from 0.03m to 0.2m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.03m to 0.2m; for example, the length of the air input section may range from a lower limit of 0.03m, 0.04m, or 0.05m to an upper limit of 0.2m, 0.15m, or 0.1m.
[0042] The air input section 112 may have a width 360° ranging from 0.01m to 0.15m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.01m to 0.15m; for example, the air input section may have a width from a lower limit of 0.01m, 0.02m, or 0.03m to an upper limit of 0.15m, 0.1m, or 0.09m.
[0043] Air input section 112 may be coupled to input flange 108. One or more embodiments provide that the air input section can be removably coupled to the input flange. One or more embodiments provide that the air input section can be rotatably hinged to the input flange.
[0044] Device 100 may include insulating material 362. For example, Figure 2 The interior portions of the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 shown (e.g., the portions near the flame test) may each be covered with an insulating material. Various known insulating materials can be used. One or more embodiments provide that the entire interior portion of the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 (e.g., the portions near the flame test) is covered with an insulating material.
[0045] Because windows were placed along the side walls of previous flame testing apparatuses (e.g., the Steiner Tunnel), these previous apparatuses were excluded from utilizing insulation along those side walls. In contrast to these previous apparatuses, the apparatus disclosed herein can utilize insulating material along the inner portions of the first elongated wall 132 and the second elongated wall 232 (e.g., the portion near the flame test). The use of such insulating material can help provide relatively more thermally uniform flame testing conditions and / or reduce unwanted heat loss that may occur during flame testing.
[0046] Figure 3 A portion of flame-testable material 364 is shown. Flame-testable materials may include flame-retardant coatings, paints, insulating materials, and / or building materials. Figure 3 As shown, the flame-testable material can be constrained by flame-testable material constraint members 248-4, 248-5, and 248-6.
[0047] As an example, the apparatus disclosed herein for flame testing of materials can operate as follows: A burner and burner mount can be attached to the apparatus. The flame-testable material can be constrained using a flame-testable material constraint. After the flame-testable material is constrained, an elongated cap can be attached to a first elongated wall and a second elongated wall. A rotator can be used to provide the desired test angle. The burner height can be adjusted to the desired height for flame testing, and a combustible material (e.g., propane and oxygen) can be supplied to the burner. The burner can be ignited, and the burner power can be adjusted to the desired burner power. After the burner is ignited, an air inlet section can be coupled to an input flange. A pressurized airflow can be established through a flow distributor to facilitate flame propagation along the flame-testable material. The flame propagation along the flame-testable material can be observed via an observation lens that provides the angle of reflection from the elongated transparent material.
[0048] One or more embodiments provide that flame propagation along a flame-testable material can be recorded by one or more cameras. For example, a camera can be positioned to directly record flame propagation along the flame-testable material through an elongated transparent material, and / or a camera can be positioned to record flame propagation along the flame-testable material via an observation lens that can provide a reflection angle from the elongated transparent material. The camera can be mounted on frame 118, as well as in other locations.
[0049] One or more embodiments provide one or more modular extensions that can be attached to the output flange. Generally, attaching one or more modular extensions to the output flange increases the length of the apparatus disclosed herein for flame testing of materials. Different lengths may be desired for various applications.
[0050] The implementation provides that the modular extension can have a length from 0.02m to 2m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 2m; for example, the modular extension can have a length from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.05m, or 0.08m to an upper limit of 2m, 1.8m, or 1.6m.
[0051] The implementation provides that the modular extension can have a width from 0.02m to 0.3m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 0.3m; for example, the modular extension can have a width from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.04m, or 0.07m to an upper limit of 0.3m, 0.25m, or 0.2m.
[0052] The implementation provides that the modular extension can have a height from 0.02m to 0.2m. This includes all individual values and sub-ranges from 0.02m to 0.2m; for example, the modular extension can have a width from a lower limit of 0.02m, 0.04m, or 0.07m to an upper limit of 0.2m, 0.17m, or 0.15m.
[0053] As mentioned, the apparatus disclosed herein can be used for testing compatible with ASTM E 84. ASTM E 84 testing utilizes the Steiner Tunnel, which has the following dimensions: 30 feet long, 2 feet wide, and 1 foot high. The Steiner Tunnel differs from the apparatus disclosed herein in several ways. For example, the Steiner Tunnel is relatively large compared to the apparatus disclosed herein, and this relatively large size may reduce the number of test materials counts over a specific time frame.
[0054] Surprisingly, by using the parameters discussed in this paper, such as device size, burner power, and pressurized airflow through the airflow distributor, the novel device disclosed herein can provide temperature distribution and / or combustion behavior characteristics comparable to those obtained through the Steiner Tunnel.
Claims
1. An apparatus for flame testing of materials, the apparatus comprising: Slender, transparent material; A burner that extends in the normal direction relative to the main surface of the elongated transparent material; A first elongated wall, adjacent to the elongated transparent material, wherein the first elongated wall is removably coupled to the elongated transparent material, and the first elongated wall includes a first constraint configured to constrain the flame-testable material. A second elongated wall, adjacent to the elongated transparent material, wherein the second elongated wall is separated from the first elongated wall by the elongated transparent material, the second elongated wall is removably connected to the elongated transparent material, and the second elongated wall includes a second constraint configured to constrain the flame-testable material; An elongated cap, said elongated cap being removably attached to the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall; An input flange is connected to the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall; An output flange, the output flange being connected to the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall; as well as An air inlet section is connected to the input flange, wherein the air inlet section includes a pressurized air input and a flow distributor located between the pressurized air input and the burner.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes an observation mirror configured to provide a reflection angle from the elongated transparent material.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, the apparatus comprising a rotator configured to rotate the main surface of the elongated transparent material from 0° to 360°.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall are each a continuous opaque material.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus comprises a first portion of insulating material coupled to the first elongated wall and a second portion of insulating material coupled to the second elongated wall.
6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first elongated wall and the second elongated wall each have a length from 0.3 m to 2.5 m and a width from 0.02 m to 0.2 m.
7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the elongated transparent material has a length from 0.2 m to 2.5 m and a width from 0.02 m to 0.2 m.
8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the flow distributor comprises a perforated plate, a baffle, a spacer, or a combination thereof.
9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the air inlet section is separable from the input flange.
10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the elongated transparent material is continuous.