Variable aperture, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

A variable aperture (20), a camera module (10), and an electronic device (01) are disclosed, relating to the field of camera technology, to alleviate the problem of complex structure of the variable aperture (20). The variable aperture (20) includes a fixed base (21), a rotating bracket (22), multiple blades (23), and at least one drive assembly (24). The drive assembly (24) includes a magnet assembly (241) and a coil (242). The rotating bracket (22) is located inside the fixed base (21) and is rotatably connected to the fixed base (21). In the drive assembly (24), the magnet assembly (241) is disposed on the side of the rotating bracket (22) away from the blades (23) and is connected to the rotating bracket (22). The coil (242) is disposed on the side of the magnet assembly (241) facing the fixed base (21). The variable aperture (20) has a simple structure and small size, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the entire camera module (10) and improves the integration of electronic devices (01).

Description

Variable aperture, camera module and electronic device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on February 26, 2024, with application number 202410211375.6 and application name “A variable aperture, camera module and electronic device”, and the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 29, 2024, with application number 202410385709.1 and application name “A variable aperture, camera module and electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of camera technology, and in particular to a variable aperture, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] With the continuous development of electronic device integration technology, taking photos and videos has become a common function of electronic devices, leading to the increasing use of cameras in electronic devices. The above-mentioned cameras have a variable aperture, which has an aperture with an adjustable diameter. By changing the size of the aperture, the amount of external light entering the camera can be adjusted. Currently, as the functions of electronic devices become more complex, the requirements for electronic device integration are becoming increasingly higher. However, the relatively complex structure of the variable aperture is not conducive to the miniaturization of the camera design, thereby reducing the integration of electronic devices.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a variable aperture, a camera module, and an electronic device for alleviating the problem of complex variable aperture structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, the present application provides a variable aperture iris. The variable aperture iris includes a fixed base, a rotating bracket, a plurality of blades, and at least one drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a magnet assembly and a coil. The fixed base has a first light-transmitting aperture. The fixed base includes a base plate and a side plate. The side plate is mounted on the base plate and surrounds the first light-transmitting aperture. The side plate defines a first opening that extends through the side plate perpendicular to the base plate. Furthermore, a rotating bracket is positioned within the fixed base and rotatably connected to the fixed base. The rotating bracket includes an annular portion and a lug. The annular portion surrounds the first light-transmitting aperture, and the lug is mounted on the sidewall of the annular portion. The lug is positioned within the first opening, with the side of the lug exposed from the first opening. A plurality of blades are mounted on the rotating bracket. The blades are slidably connected to the annular portion and rotatably connected to the fixed base. The plurality of blades are arranged in an annular pattern and surround the aperture, which is in communication with the first light-transmitting aperture. In the drive assembly, the magnet assembly is positioned on the side of the lug facing away from the blades. The coil is positioned on the side of the magnet assembly facing the fixed base.

[0008] In summary, the rotating bracket is located within the fixed base and is rotationally connected to the fixed base. Furthermore, the blades are slidably connected to the annular portion and are rotationally connected to the fixed base. In this case, when the rotating bracket rotates relative to the fixed base, the blades can be driven to slide relative to the rotating bracket while also rotating relative to the fixed base. Consequently, the aperture size of the apertures defined by the multiple annularly distributed blades can be adjusted as the rotating bracket rotates, thereby adjusting the aperture size. Furthermore, to drive the rotating bracket to rotate, as described above, the drive assembly includes a magnet assembly and a coil. The magnet assembly is disposed on the side of the lug facing away from the blades. The coil is disposed on the side of the magnet assembly facing the fixed base. In this case, by energizing the coil, a magnetic field is generated between the coil and the magnet assembly. This magnetic field drives the magnet assembly, disposed on the mover (i.e., the rotating bracket), to move relative to the coil. Furthermore, the rotating bracket and the fixed base are rotationally connected, thereby enabling the magnet assembly to drive the rotating bracket to rotate relative to the fixed base.

[0009] Thus, in the variable aperture provided by the embodiments of the present application, since the magnet assembly is mounted on the rotating bracket, which serves as the mover, the variable aperture can be a moving magnet type variable aperture. Consequently, the coil requiring power does not need to be mounted on the mover (i.e., a moving coil type variable aperture), thereby simplifying the electrical connection structure of the variable aperture. Furthermore, the present application utilizes only the rotating bracket, which serves as the mover, and the fixed base, which serves as the stator, to rotate and drive the movement of multiple blades to adjust the aperture diameter. This reduces the number of components required to adjust the aperture diameter of the variable aperture and simplifies the structure of the variable aperture. Furthermore, positioning the rotating bracket within the fixed base reduces the thickness of the variable aperture. Furthermore, positioning the magnet assembly on the side of the lug facing away from the blades and the coil on the side of the magnet assembly facing the fixed base reduces the lateral area (perpendicular to the optical axis) of the variable aperture compared to solutions in which the magnet and coil are positioned around the rotating bracket, thereby reducing the size of the variable aperture. Furthermore, the lug is embedded in a first opening on the side panel and connected to the magnet assembly, with the first opening exposing the side of the lug. The provision of this first opening not only allows the side panel of the mounting base to avoid the lug of the rotating bracket and the magnet assembly connected to it, but also reduces the weight of the mounting base. This simplifies the structure of the iris diaphragm, reducing its thickness, lateral area, and weight, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the entire camera module and improving the integration of electronic devices.

[0010] Furthermore, when the image sensor in a camera module with a variable aperture has a larger target area, the size of the camera module's lens assembly along the optical axis is larger. Therefore, for image sensors with larger target areas, the use of the variable aperture provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the size of the entire camera module.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned magnet assembly may include multiple magnets, and the above-mentioned multiple magnets may be a Halbach array structure. The surface of the magnet assembly with the above-mentioned Halbach array structure facing the coil has a larger magnetic field strength, so that a very small current can drive the rotating bracket connected to the magnet assembly, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing power consumption.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the fixed base includes a boss. The boss is disposed on the bottom plate, and the first light-transmitting hole extends through the boss and the bottom plate. The side panels, the side walls of the boss, and the bottom plate define a first mounting groove, with at least a portion of the rotating bracket positioned within the first mounting groove. In this manner, the first mounting groove defined by the side panels, the side walls of the boss, and the bottom plate allows the rotating bracket to be positioned within the fixed base, thereby allowing the thickness of the rotating bracket and the fixed base to overlap, thereby reducing the thickness of the variable aperture diaphragm.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the annular portion is located in the first mounting groove and is arranged around the periphery of the boss. The first opening is connected to the first mounting groove, thereby avoiding structural interference with the annular portion and the lug.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a travel gap may be provided between the sidewall of the first opening and the lug. Thus, along the rotational direction of the rotatable bracket, a portion of the opening length of the first opening may constitute the rotational travel of the rotatable bracket. When the rotatable bracket abuts the sidewall of the first opening, the rotatable bracket has rotated to its maximum travel.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the variable aperture further includes an FPC, which is arranged on the side of the fixed seat away from the blade, and the FPC is connected to the fixed seat. The coil passes through the fixed seat and is arranged on the side of the FPC facing the rotating bracket, and the coil is connected to the FPC. In this way, by arranging the FPC on the side of the fixed seat away from the blade, compared with the solution of arranging the FPC in an arc shape around the movable element, the FPC can be arranged into a flat plate structure, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the FPC. In addition, the coil is arranged through the fixed seat so that the thickness of the coil overlaps with part of the thickness of the fixed seat, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the variable aperture. In addition, the coil that needs to be powered is arranged on the side of the FPC facing the rotating bracket, and the coil is connected to the FPC, so that the coil can be arranged opposite to the above-mentioned magnet assembly, and the coil can be powered directly through the metal grounding trace on the FPC, thereby simplifying the electrical connection structure of the variable aperture.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the fixing seat includes a first plastic part and a first metal bracket. The first metal bracket is embedded in the first plastic part, and the first metal bracket and the first plastic part are connected to form a first integral structural part. In this way, the above-mentioned first integral structural part can be formed by an embedded injection molding process. Since the fixing seat has the first metal bracket, the mechanical strength of the fixing seat can be increased. When the fixing seat is hit during the reliability test of the variable aperture (rolling or drop test, etc.) and the user's use, the probability of damage to the fixing seat can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of extending the service life of the product. In addition, the above-mentioned first metal bracket can also be grounded on the FPC. For example, the first metal bracket can be electrically connected to the copper leakage area on the FPC by conductive glue to achieve grounding of the first metal bracket, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing electromagnetic interference.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the first plastic member includes a first hollowed-out area, which exposes a portion of the surface of the first metal bracket. This surface is used to create the product identification code. This allows the product identification code, representing product-related information, to be created directly on the first metal bracket, eliminating the need for a separate magnetic conductive sheet for creating the product identification code, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the coil is mounted on a fixed base and directly connected to the fixed base. The fixed base, acting as a stator, remains stationary relative to the rotating bracket during the aperture change of the variable aperture. This allows the coil mounted on the fixed base to remain stationary relative to the magnet assembly mounted on the rotating bracket, thereby ensuring that the variable aperture is a moving magnet type variable aperture.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the fixing seat includes a first plastic part, a first metal bracket, a metal grounding trace, a metal signal trace, a metal grounding terminal and a metal signal terminal. The first metal bracket, the metal grounding trace and the metal signal trace are embedded in the first plastic part, and the metal signal trace, the metal grounding trace, the first metal bracket and the first plastic part are connected to form a first integral structural part. As described above, the above-mentioned first integral structural part can be formed by an embedded injection molding process. Among them, the technical effect of the first metal bracket is the same as described above and will not be repeated here. In addition, since the fixing seat includes a metal grounding trace, a metal signal trace, a metal grounding terminal and a metal signal terminal, the metal grounding trace, the metal signal trace, the metal grounding terminal and the metal signal terminal can replace the above-mentioned FPC. The metal grounding terminal is connected to the metal grounding trace, so that the first metal bracket can be electrically connected to the mainboard of the camera module through the metal grounding trace and the metal grounding terminal to achieve the function of grounding the first metal bracket. In addition, the variable aperture may also include a rotation control chip for controlling the rotation position of the pivot bracket. The rotation control chip is electrically connected to the metal signal trace. Since the metal signal terminals are connected to the metal signal trace, the rotation control chip is electrically connected to the camera module's mainboard via the metal signal terminals and the metal signal trace, allowing the processor on the mainboard to transmit control signals to the rotation control chip. Furthermore, the coil directly connected to the mounting base may also be electrically connected to the metal signal trace within the mounting base to supply power to the coil. In this case, the coil can be electrically connected to the entire mounting base via the metal signal trace, eliminating the need for an additional circuit board for supplying power to the coil.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the variable aperture further includes a cover plate, which is arranged on the side of the plurality of blades facing away from the rotating bracket, and the cover plate is covered on the fixed base. The cover plate includes a third plastic part, a third metal bracket, and a first gasket. The third metal bracket is embedded in the third plastic part, and the third metal bracket and the third plastic part are connected to form a third integral structural member. Similarly, the above-mentioned third integral structural member can be formed by an embedded injection molding process. Since the cover plate has a third metal bracket, the mechanical strength of the cover plate can be increased. When the variable aperture is subjected to reliability testing (rolling or drop testing, etc.) and user use, the chance of damage to the cover plate can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the product. In addition, the third metal bracket is connected to the first metal bracket. For example, the third metal bracket in the cover plate can be connected to the first metal bracket in the fixed base by welding, thereby increasing the reliability of the connection between the cover plate and the fixed base and reducing the chance of the cover plate falling off. In some embodiments of the present application, the cover plate may be provided with multiple welding locations, which may be arranged around the circumference of the aperture, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the cover plate and the fixing base. Furthermore, the first gasket is stacked on the side of the third integral structure facing away from the blades. This first gasket can shield part of the blade structure below the cover plate, allowing the surface of the first gasket facing away from the third integral structure to serve as the user-visible exterior surface, achieving a decorative effect and improving the appearance quality, and maximizing the control area of ​​the external product appearance.

[0021] Furthermore, because the third metal bracket in the cover is located within the third plastic component, and the cover is positioned on the side of the blades facing away from the rotating bracket, the third plastic component in the cover is the component that directly contacts and rubs against the blades during rotation. The surface of the third plastic component can have a lower coefficient of friction than that of metal, thereby reducing friction between the blades and the third plastic component, further minimizing the risk of blade wear.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the third metal bracket is electrically connected to the first metal bracket, and the third metal bracket is grounded through the first metal bracket. As can be seen from the above, both the cover plate and the fixing seat can be prepared by an embedded injection molding process. In addition, in this case, by electrically connecting the third metal bracket and the first metal bracket, the third metal bracket can be grounded through the first metal bracket. In this way, the manufacturing process of grounding the cover plate can be simplified. In the related art, it is necessary to electrically connect and ground the cover plate, which is mainly composed of a steel plate, to the part where the FPC leads out, by a glue dispensing method, and then cover the glue dispensing position with a glue protective glue. Compared with the related art, the present application only needs to electrically connect the third metal bracket in the cover plate to the first metal bracket in the fixing seat, for example, by welding or glue dispensing, so that there is no need to additionally set up the FPC lead-out part, and the glue dispensing layer and glue protective glue used to electrically connect the FPC lead-out part to the cover plate, thereby achieving the purpose of simplifying the structure and reducing the manufacturing process.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the cover plate has a second light-transmitting hole that communicates with the aperture. The third metal bracket has multiple hollow sections extending through the third metal bracket, with the hollow sections arranged around the second light-transmitting hole. This allows external light to enter the aperture through the second light-transmitting hole. Furthermore, by providing multiple hollow sections on the third metal bracket, the weight of the entire third metal bracket can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the variable aperture.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the variable aperture further includes a second gasket, which is stacked on the side of the plurality of blades facing the fixed base. A third light-transmitting hole is defined in the second gasket, and the third light-transmitting hole is connected to the aperture hole. This third light-transmitting hole, connected to the aperture hole, can be used to allow external light to enter the aperture hole through the third light-transmitting hole.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the second gasket, the first gasket, and the blade are made of the same material. The material's specular reflectance G, optical density OD, L value in the material color triplet, a value, and b value are respectively: G ≤ 0.3%; OD value ≥ 5.0; L ≤ 8; |a| ≤ 1; |b| ≤ 1. In this way, the second gasket, the first gasket, and the blade can all be made of ultra-black material, so that when the blade is in motion, the color and glossiness of the first gasket, the second gasket, and the blade visible to the user are consistent, reducing the chance of color difference between the three components and improving the appearance quality.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the material of the second gasket, first gasket, and blades has a modulus greater than or equal to 3000 MPa, a yield strength greater than or equal to 80 MPa, and an elongation at break greater than or equal to 10%. This allows the product to pass two or five drop tests and a tumble test (500 cycles) during reliability testing. Tumble tests exceeding 1000 cycles carry a certain risk. Furthermore, the product's lifespan can reach 250,000 cycles.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the mounting base is disposed around the periphery of the rotating bracket, protruding from the surface of the cover plate facing away from the blades. This allows the portion of the mounting base around the periphery of the rotating bracket, such as the side panel, to contact the lens or other decorative components covering the camera module on the rear housing. This reduces the likelihood of deformation from direct contact between the cover plate and the lens or other device components during product testing or user use, thereby improving product lifespan and reliability.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the drive assembly may further include a first magnetic conductive sheet. This first magnetic conductive sheet may be positioned on the side of the base plate of the fixed base facing the rotating bracket, and is configured to attract the magnet assembly. A magnetic conductive sheet, also known as a magnetic attraction sheet, has high magnetic permeability, low resistivity, and minimal iron loss. Based on this, the first magnetic conductive sheet can attract the magnet assembly along the thickness direction of the variable aperture. Furthermore, the vertical projection of the first opening on the side wall of the boss overlaps with the vertical projection of the first magnetic conductive sheet on the side wall of the boss. As can be seen from the above, along the rotation direction of the rotating bracket, the opening length of the first opening can be the rotational travel of the rotating bracket. Therefore, when the vertical projection of the first opening on the side wall of the boss overlaps with the vertical projection of the first magnetic conductive sheet on the side wall of the boss, the first magnetic conductive sheet can be positioned within the travel range of the rotating bracket. In this way, when the rotating bracket rotates, the first magnetic conductive sheet attracts the magnet assembly along the thickness direction of the variable aperture, thereby reducing the risk of the rotating bracket separating from the fixed base during rotation of the camera module and improving the reliability of the variable aperture.

[0029] Furthermore, by adjusting the number, position, and spacing of the first magnetically conductive sheets relative to the magnet assembly, the adsorption force between the first magnetically conductive sheets and the magnet assembly can be adjusted. In this case, when the adsorption force between all the first magnetically conductive sheets in the variable aperture and the magnet assembly reaches approximately 10 times the weight of the rotating bracket and the magnet assembly, the friction between the rotating bracket and the fixed base can be increased. In this case, when the rotating bracket rotates to drive the aperture formed by the multiple blades to reach an aperture position, such as the maximum aperture position, the high friction between the rotating bracket and the fixed base makes it difficult for the rotating bracket to rotate further relative to the fixed base. Consequently, power to the coil can be terminated, and the position of the rotating bracket and the fixed base is relatively fixed, achieving the purpose of self-locking the aperture. This allows the user to take photos or videos in a fixed scene without changing the aperture, and because the aperture is self-locking and the coil is powered off, power consumption can be reduced.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, a second mounting groove is provided in the bottom portion of the base plate that serves as the bottom of the first mounting groove, and the first magnetic conductive sheet is located in the second mounting groove. The second mounting groove is provided at the end of the coil facing the boss. By providing the second mounting groove on the base plate, the first magnetic conductive sheet located in the second mounting groove can be embedded in the base plate of the fixed seat, so that the thickness of the first magnetic conductive sheet coincides with the thickness of part of the base plate, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the variable aperture. In addition, by providing the second mounting groove at the end of the coil facing the boss, the first magnetic conductive sheet located in the second mounting groove can be located at the end of the coil facing the boss, and is closer to the magnetic attraction component.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the drive assembly includes two first magnetic conductive sheets, with the end of the coil facing the boss positioned between the two first magnetic conductive sheets. Increasing the number of first magnetic conductive sheets can improve the attraction between all first magnetic conductive sheets and the magnetic assembly, thereby facilitating the aforementioned self-locking of the aperture when the coil is powered off.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the side wall of the boss includes a first semi-ring side wall and a second semi-ring side wall that are connected. In addition, the variable aperture further includes a second magnetic conductive sheet and a first rolling element. The second magnetic conductive sheet is arranged on the side wall of the first semi-ring, and the second magnetic conductive sheet is used to be adsorbed with the magnet assembly. The vertical projection of the first opening on the side wall of the first semi-ring overlaps with the vertical projection of the first magnetic conductive sheet on the side wall of the first semi-ring. The first rolling element is arranged between the rotating bracket and the base plate, and the first rolling element is located on the side where the second semi-ring side wall is located. The rotating bracket and the fixed seat are in contact with the first rolling element, and the rotating bracket is rotatably connected to the fixed seat through the first rolling element.

[0033] In this way, since the second magnetic conductive sheet is disposed on the side wall of the first semi-ring, when the second magnetic conductive sheet is attracted to the magnet assembly, the rotating bracket will move toward the location of the second semi-ring side wall of the fixed seat. Since the first rolling element is located on the side where the second semi-ring side wall is located, the rotating bracket and the fixed seat can contact the first rolling element, that is, the first rolling element, the rotating bracket, and the fixed seat are all in a zero-matched state. In this case, when the rotating bracket is rotatably connected to the fixed seat via the first rolling element, since the rotating bracket and the fixed seat can contact the first rolling element, the rotating bracket can always rest on the first rolling element during rotation and rotate relative to the fixed seat. This can improve the stability of the rotating bracket during rotation and the consistency of the rotating bracket when rotating to various angles, thereby improving the reliability of the product.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the first rolling element may include a ball or a roller. Alternatively, the first rolling element may include multiple balls or a plurality of balls. For example, if the first rolling element includes multiple balls, the multiple balls may be arranged along the thickness direction of the variable aperture.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the variable aperture iris further includes a second rolling element. The second rolling element can be disposed between the rotating bracket and the base plate, with the second rolling element located on the side of the first semi-ring. An adjustable gap H1 is defined between the second rolling element and the rotating bracket, with the range of 30 μm ≤ H1 ≤ 70 μm. As can be seen from the above description, when the second magnetic conductive sheet is attracted to the magnet assembly, the rotating bracket moves toward the location of the second semi-ring side wall of the fixed base. In this case, the second rolling element located on the side of the first semi-ring side wall can have the aforementioned adjustable gap H1 between the rotating bracket and the rotating bracket. In this manner, during reliability testing (such as rolling or drop testing) or user use of the variable aperture iris, if the rotating bracket undergoes significant displacement in the horizontal plane (perpendicular to the optical axis of the variable aperture), the side of the rotating bracket proximal to the second rolling element can contact the second rolling element, causing the second rolling element to limit further displacement of the rotating bracket, thereby reducing the amount of displacement of the rotating bracket. This prevents the large displacement of the rotating bracket from pulling on the multiple blades slidably connected to the rotating bracket, potentially causing damage to the blades.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the second rolling element may include a ball or a roller. Alternatively, the second rolling element may include multiple balls or a plurality of balls. For example, if the second rolling element includes multiple balls, the multiple balls may be arranged along the thickness direction of the variable aperture.

[0037] In one optional embodiment, the variable aperture iris includes two drive assemblies, two first rolling elements, and two second rolling elements. The two drive assemblies are a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly, respectively. The first drive assembly is positioned on the side of the first semi-ring where the sidewall is located, and the second drive assembly is positioned on the side of the second semi-ring where the sidewall is located. The first drive assembly is positioned between the two second rolling elements, and the second drive assembly is positioned between the two first rolling elements. Thus, by positioning the first drive assembly on the side of the boss where the first semi-ring where the sidewall is located, and the second drive assembly on the side where the second semi-ring where the sidewall is located, the rotating bracket can be subjected to uniform force during rotation. Furthermore, positioning the second drive assembly between the two first rolling elements and increasing the number of first rolling elements allow the rotating bracket to contact the first rolling elements on both sides of the first drive assembly, further improving the consistency, stability, and reliability of the movement. Furthermore, positioning the first drive assembly between the two second rolling elements and increasing the number of second rolling elements further limits the displacement of the rotating bracket during reliability testing (such as rolling or drop testing) and user use of the variable aperture iris, effectively reducing the amount of displacement of the rotating bracket.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the rotating bracket includes a second plastic part and a second metal bracket. The second metal bracket is embedded in the second plastic part and connected to the second plastic part to form a second integral structural member. In this way, the second integral structural member can be formed through an embedded injection molding process. The inclusion of the second metal bracket in the rotating bracket increases the mechanical strength of the rotating bracket, reducing the likelihood of damage to the rotating bracket during reliability testing of the variable aperture (such as rolling or drop testing) and user use, thereby extending the product's service life. In addition, the magnet assembly is connected to the second metal bracket and attracted to it. In this way, for example, glue can be applied to the side of the second metal bracket facing the magnet assembly to connect the magnet assembly to the second metal bracket. Furthermore, since the second metal bracket can be attracted to the magnet assembly, the reliability of the connection between the assembly and the second metal bracket is increased. Furthermore, the need for a separate magnetic conductive sheet for connecting the rotating bracket to the magnet assembly is avoided, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, in the same drive component, the vertical projection of the magnet component on the rotating bracket overlaps with the vertical projection of the coil on the rotating bracket, so that in the same drive component, the positions of the magnet component and the coil correspond to each other, thereby facilitating that the coil can more easily generate a magnetic field with the magnet component after power is applied.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the mounting base further includes an adhesive structure disposed on the surface of the base plate facing away from the side plate. Both the adhesive structure and the surface of the base plate facing away from the side plate can be connected to the lens assembly located below the iris diaphragm. This allows the connection between the iris diaphragm and the lens assembly to have an uneven surface, thereby improving bonding stability.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the vertical projection of the bonding structure on the base plate is a fan shape, and the fan shape has a first arcuate side and a second arcuate side, and the arc length of the first arcuate side is greater than the arc length of the second arcuate side. The first arcuate side is arranged away from the boss relative to the second arcuate side. In this way, the bonding structure can be a dovetail structure, and the bonding groove of the lens assembly and the bonding structure can be a dovetail groove that matches the above-mentioned dovetail structure. In this case, when the camera module is in operation, the variable aperture can prevent shearing in the horizontal plane (the surface perpendicular to the optical axis of the variable aperture) in both the X and Y directions. In addition, along the rotation direction of the blades in the variable aperture, the contact area between the side wall of the above-mentioned dovetail structure and the above-mentioned dovetail groove is large, which can effectively limit the variable aperture to achieve the limitation of the position of the variable aperture.

[0042] Another aspect of the present application provides a camera module comprising a lens assembly and any one of the variable apertures described above, wherein the variable aperture is disposed on the light incident side of the lens assembly. The above camera module has the same technical effects as the variable aperture provided in the above embodiments, and will not be further described here.

[0043] Another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a rear housing and the camera module described above, wherein the camera module is disposed on the rear housing. The electronic device has the same technical effects as the variable aperture in the camera module provided in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be further described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the camera module in FIG1 ;

[0046] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the camera module in FIG2 ;

[0047] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the variable aperture in FIG3 ;

[0048] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the variable aperture in FIG4 ;

[0049] FIG6A is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a variable aperture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG6B is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the rotating bracket in FIG6A is installed on the fixing base;

[0051] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the blade in FIG7 is mounted on a fixed seat and a rotating bracket;

[0053] FIG9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line O3-O4 in FIG8;

[0054] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnet assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG11 is another structural schematic diagram of a magnet assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG12 is a top view taken along the Z direction in FIG6A;

[0057] FIG13 is another top view taken along the Z direction in FIG6A;

[0058] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG16 is another top view taken along the Z direction in FIG6A;

[0061] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line O1-O2 in FIG16;

[0062] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG19 is another cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line O1-O2 in FIG16;

[0064] FIG20 is another top view taken along the Z direction in FIG6A;

[0065] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of another exploded structure of the variable aperture in FIG4 ;

[0066] FIG22 is a bottom view taken along the Z direction in FIG21;

[0067] FIG23 is a top view taken along the Z direction in FIG21;

[0068] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a fixing seat provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG26 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG27 is another structural schematic diagram of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of another exploded structure of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG31 is another structural schematic diagram of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG32 is another schematic diagram of a partial structure of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG33 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the variable aperture in FIG3 ;

[0078] FIG34 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a rotating bracket provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG35 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating bracket provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG36 is a bottom view taken along the Z direction in FIG35;

[0081] FIG37 is a schematic diagram of another exploded structure of a variable aperture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG38 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG39 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the cover plate in FIG38;

[0084] FIG40 is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of a variable aperture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG41 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a variable aperture provided by the related art;

[0086] FIG42 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the variable aperture in FIG3 ;

[0087] FIG43 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the variable aperture in FIG3 ;

[0088] Figure 44 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the variable aperture and the lens assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0089] Reference numerals:

[0090] 01-Electronic device; 02-Display screen; 04-Midframe; 03-Back cover; 06-Opening hole; 05-Processor; 10-Camera module; 07-Lens cover; 08-Camera hole; 20-Variable aperture; 40-Lens assembly; 41-Motor; 801-Filter; 802-Image sensor; 80-Circuit board; 21-Fixed seat; 22-Rotating bracket; 23-Blade; 24-Drive assembly; 241-Magnet assembly; 242-Coil; 25-Cover; 26-Second gasket; 100-Aperture hole; 101-First light transmission Hole; 103 - third light-transmitting hole; 28 - rotation control chip; 121 - first limiting post; 122 - second limiting post; 211 - bottom plate; 212 - boss; 213 - side plate; 130 - first opening; 110 - first mounting slot; 221 - annular portion; 222 - lug; 123 - coil mounting hole; 1210 - rotation connection hole; 1220 - sliding guide groove; 2410 - magnet; 27 - FPC; 2101 - first plastic part; 2102 - first metal bracket; 214 - first metal part; 215 - second metal 2151-metal plate; 2152-metal rod; 2153-welding portion; 2100-first integral structural member; 140-first hollow area; 124-coil mounting slot; 2103-metal grounding trace; 2104-metal signal trace; 2105-metal grounding terminal; 2106-metal signal terminal; 243-first magnetic conductive sheet; 111-second mounting slot; 2121-first semi-ring side wall; 2122-second semi-ring side wall; 29-second magnetic conductive sheet; 31-first rolling element; 310-first rolling slot; 32- Second rolling member; 320-second rolling groove; 2401-first driving component; 2402-second driving component; 2201-second plastic member; 2202-second metal bracket; 2200-second integral structural member; 2501-third plastic member; 2502-third metal bracket; 2503-first gasket; 102-second light-transmitting hole; 2500-third integral structural member; 25011-hollow portion; 34-anti-collision structure; 35-bonding structure; 351-first arcuate edge; 352-second arcuate edge; 36-bonding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0092] In the following, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive convenience only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0093] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal" and "vertical" may be defined including but not limited to the orientation relative to the schematic placement of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms may be relative concepts, which are used for relative descriptions and clarifications, and may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0094] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed mechanical connection, a detachable mechanical connection, or an integrated connection; or, "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0095] In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "electrical connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "electrical connection" can be a direct electrical connection, for example, physical contact and electrical conduction between two components. It can also be understood as the electrical connection between different components in the circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals to transmit electrical signals; or, "electrical connection" can be an indirect electrical connection between two components through an intermediate medium; or, "electrical connection" can be an electrical connection between two components in an air / non-contact manner, for example, two components are electrically connected by capacitive coupling to transmit electrical signals.

[0096] In the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions "vertical" and "parallel" respectively indicate approximately vertical and approximately parallel within a certain error range, and the error range may be a range in which the deviation angle relative to absolute vertical and absolute parallel is less than or equal to 5°, 8° or 10°, respectively, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0097] In the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" may be defined including but not limited to the orientation relative to the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms may be relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0098] In the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, components are represented by guide lines with arrows; parts are represented by guide lines only; and hollow structures such as openings and holes are represented by guide lines with wavy lines at the ends.

[0099] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device that may have a display function. The electronic device can be applied to various communication systems or communication protocols, such as: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, global system of mobile communication (GSM) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access wireless (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE), 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies. The electronic device in the embodiment of the present application can be a (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a laptop computer, a smart home, a smart wearable device (for example, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, smart glasses, a smart helmet), a virtual reality (VR) electronic device, an augmented reality (AR) electronic device, etc. The electronic device may also be a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile communication network (PLMN), etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0100] In some embodiments, to enable the above-mentioned electronic device to realize a display function, as shown in FIG1 , the electronic device 01 provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a display screen 02, a rear cover 03 located behind the display screen 02 (arranged opposite to the display surface of the display screen 02), and a middle frame 04 located between the display screen 02 and the rear cover 03. The middle frame 04 can support the display screen 02.

[0101] The display screen 02 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display screen, a micro or mini light-emitting diode (LED) display screen, or a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, etc. This application does not limit the type of the above display screens.

[0102] The electronic device 01 may also include a processor 05 electrically connected to the display screen 02. The processor 05 may be located on a side of the middle frame 04 away from the display screen 02. The rear housing 03 is fastened to the middle frame 04, creating a mounting space between the rear housing 03 and the middle frame 04 for accommodating components such as the processor 05 and a battery. The processor 05 may provide display data to the display screen 02 to drive the display screen 02 to display images.

[0103] For example, the processor 05 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc. Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0104] In addition, the electronic device 01 may further include a gyro sensor, a hall sensor, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a charging management module, a power management module, a battery, an antenna, a mobile communication module, a wireless communication module, an audio module, a speaker, a receiver, a microphone, an earphone interface, a sensor module, buttons, and a camera, etc., which are electrically connected to the processor 05. The sensor module may include a pressure sensor, a gyro sensor, an air pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, and a bone conduction sensor, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, in order to enable the electronic device 01 to realize the shooting function, the electronic device 01 provided in the above embodiment of the present application may further include a camera module 10, which may be a front camera module or a rear camera module. The front camera module may be arranged on the back of the display screen 02 shown in Figure 1, with the photosensitive surface of the front camera module located on the display surface side of the display screen 02. The rear camera module may be arranged on the side of the middle frame 04 away from the display screen 02, that is, in the installation space formed between the middle frame 04 and the rear shell 03, with the photosensitive surface of the rear camera module located on the back of the electronic device 01.

[0106] For example, the front camera module or the rear camera module may include multiple camera modules 10 as shown in Figure 1. Taking the rear camera module as an example, the rear housing 03 is provided with an opening 06 for exposing a portion of the camera module 10. In addition, the electronic device 01 also includes a lens cover 07 that snaps onto the camera module 10 to protect it. The lens cover 07 has a camera hole 08 for exposing the lens of the camera module 10.

[0107] The camera module 10 may be one or more of a standard camera module, a telephoto camera module, a wide-angle camera module, an ultra-telephoto camera module, and an ultra-wide-angle camera module. This application does not limit the number of camera modules 10 . FIG1 illustrates an example in which a rear-facing camera module includes three camera modules 10 .

[0108] The structure of the camera module 10 is described below by way of example. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG2 , the camera module 10 may include a lens assembly 40, a motor 41, and an iris diaphragm 20. For ease of description, an XYZ coordinate system is established in the figure, where the Z direction may be the optical axis O1-O2 direction of the lens assembly 40, i.e., the thickness direction of the camera module 10 and its components. The XY plane formed by the X and Y directions may be perpendicular to the optical axis O1-O2 direction of the lens assembly 40.

[0109] It should be noted that the optical axis O1-O2 direction may refer to the direction in which light is transmitted by the optical system of the lens assembly 40. For example, for a symmetrical lens assembly 40, the optical axis O1-O2 may coincide with the rotational centerline of the optical system of the lens assembly 40. The optical axis O1-O2 of the lens assembly 40 may serve as the optical axis of the camera module 10, and the optical axis of the variable aperture 20 may overlap with the optical axis of the camera module 10.

[0110] Based on this, the lens assembly 40 may include one or more optical lenses. The optical lens may be a convex lens or a concave lens, so that the lens assembly 40 having the optical lens may utilize the refraction principle of the optical lens to converge the light of the object being photographed onto the focal plane of the camera module 10 for imaging. The variable aperture 20 is arranged on the light incident side of the lens assembly 40. The variable aperture 20 has an aperture hole 100 with adjustable aperture. By changing the aperture size of the aperture hole 100, the amount of external light entering the camera module 10 can be adjusted. For example, when the diameter of the aperture hole 100 is the largest, the amount of external light entering the camera module 10 is the largest. When the diameter of the aperture hole 100 is the smallest, the amount of external light entering the camera module 10 is the least.

[0111] As shown in FIG3 , for example, the motor 41 can drive the lens assembly 40 to move in the Z direction to achieve auto focus (AF). Alternatively, for another example, the motor 41 can also drive the lens assembly 40 to move in the XY plane or rotate around the optical axis OO of the lens assembly 40 to achieve optical image stabilization. Alternatively, when the camera module 10 is a fixed-focus camera, the motor 41 may not be required in the camera module 10.

[0112] On this basis, in order to enable the camera module 10 to perform photoelectric conversion on the light incident on the camera module 10 to generate image information, as shown in Figure 3, the camera module 10 may further include a filter 801, an image sensor 802, and a circuit board 80. The image sensor 802 is disposed on the circuit board 80 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 80.

[0113] For example, the image sensor 802 can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS). The image sensor 802 is disposed at the focal plane of the camera module 10 so as to receive the light image of the subject focused by the lens assembly 40. The image sensor 802 can include multiple photosensitive units (not shown in the figure), each of which converts the amount of received light into an electrical signal proportional to the amount of light.

[0114] Furthermore, to improve the effective resolution and color reproduction of the image sensor 802, a filter 801 may be disposed on the light incident side of the image sensor 802. For example, the filter 801 may be an infrared filter 801, which can filter out infrared light from the ambient light while transmitting visible light. Alternatively, for another example, the filter 801 may be a dual-bandpass filter 801, which can selectively transmit wavelengths within two regions of the ambient light, such as visible light and infrared light, or visible light and ultraviolet light, or ultraviolet light and infrared light.

[0115] As can be seen from the above, the variable aperture 20 shown in Figure 3 can adjust the amount of external light entering the camera module 10. The structure of the variable aperture 20 is illustrated below. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 4, the variable aperture 20 includes a fixed base 21 (base) 21, a rotating bracket (carrier) 22, a plurality of blades 23, at least one driving component 24 and a cover (cover) 25. For example, the above-mentioned driving component 24 may include a magnet component 241 and a coil 242. The above-mentioned cover 25 is covered on the fixed base 21, and a receiving space can be formed between the cover 25 and the fixed base 21. The above-mentioned rotating bracket 22, blades 23 and at least one driving component 24 are located in the receiving space.

[0116] Based on this, as shown in Figure 5 (an exploded view of the variable aperture 20 shown in Figure 4), the rotating bracket 22 can be located within the fixed base 21 and rotatably connected to the fixed base 21. In this case, the rotating bracket 22 can serve as the mover in the variable aperture 20, rotating relative to the fixed base 21 about the optical axis O1-O2. The fixed base 21 can serve as the stator in the variable aperture 20, remaining stationary relative to the rotating bracket 22.

[0117] For example, in order to set the rotating bracket 22 in the fixed base 21, as shown in Figure 6A, the fixed base 21 may include a bottom plate 211, a boss 212, and a side plate 213. The boss 212 can be set on the bottom plate 211, and the fixed base 21 has a first light-transmitting hole 101, which can pass through the boss 212 and the bottom plate 211. In addition, the side plate 213 is set on the bottom plate 211 and can be arranged around the periphery of the boss 212. The above-mentioned bottom plate 211, boss 212, and side plate 213 can be formed through a single manufacturing process, such as an injection molding process. In this case, the bottom plate 211, boss 212, and side plate 213 are connected to form an integrated structure.

[0118] Based on this, the side panels 213, the sidewalls of the boss 212, and the bottom panel 211 can enclose a first mounting groove 110. At least a portion of the rotating bracket 22 can be located in the first mounting groove 110, and the rotating bracket 22 located in the first mounting groove 110 can be arranged around the periphery of the first light-transmitting hole 101.

[0119] In this way, by providing the first mounting groove 110 on the fixing seat 21, the rotating bracket 22 located in the first mounting groove 110 can be accommodated in the fixing seat 21, so that the thickness of the rotating bracket 22 and the fixing seat 21 (along the Z direction) can overlap, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the thickness of the variable aperture 20.

[0120] On this basis, as shown in Figure 6A, the rotating bracket 22 may include an annular portion 221 and a lug 222, wherein the lug 222 is provided on the side wall of the annular portion 221, and the lug 222 may be connected to the annular portion 221. For example, the lug 222 and the annular portion 221 are connected to form an integral structural member through an injection molding process. In addition, the magnet assembly 241 may be provided on the lug 222, and the magnet assembly 241 is connected to the lug 222, so that the magnet assembly 241 can be supported by the lug 222. In addition, a first opening 130 is provided on the side plate 213 of the fixing seat 21, and the first opening 130 passes through the side plate 213 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate 211, and the first opening 130 is connected to the first mounting groove 110.

[0121] In this case, as shown in FIG6B , the annular portion 221 of the rotating bracket 22 is located within the first mounting groove 110 (as shown in FIG6A ), and the annular portion 221 can be arranged around the periphery of the boss 212 of the fixed base 21. In addition, the lug 222 of the rotating bracket 22 and the magnet assembly 241 connected to the lug 222 can be located within the first opening 130 (as shown in FIG6A ), and the first opening 130 can also expose the side of the lug 222. In this way, by providing the first opening 130 on the side plate 213 of the fixed base 21, not only can the side plate 213 of the fixed base 21 be avoided from the position of the lug 222 of the rotating bracket 22 and the magnet assembly 241 connected to the lug 222, but the weight of the fixed base can also be reduced.

[0122] Based on this, a travel gap L can be provided between the sidewall of the first opening 130 (as shown in FIG6A ) and the lug 222, as shown in FIG6B . Therefore, along the rotation direction of the rotating bracket 22, a portion of the opening length of the first opening 130 can be the rotation travel of the rotating bracket 22. When the rotating bracket 22 abuts the sidewall of the first opening 130, the rotating bracket 22 has rotated to its maximum travel.

[0123] 5 , a cover plate 25 is disposed on the side of the plurality of blades 23 facing away from the rotating bracket 22. The plurality of blades 23 are disposed on the rotating bracket 22, and are slidably connected to the rotating bracket 22 and rotatably connected to the fixed base 21. The plurality of blades 23 are arranged in an annular pattern, surrounding the aperture 100.

[0124] For example, the variable aperture 20 may further include a first limiting post 121 as shown in FIG7 , which is disposed on the fixed base 21, and a second limiting post 122 disposed on the rotating bracket 22. When the rotating bracket 22 includes the annular portion 221 and the lug 222 as shown in FIG6A , the second limiting post 122 may be disposed on the annular portion 221.

[0125] In addition, as shown in Figure 7, a rotation connection hole 1210 and a sliding guide groove 1220 that pass through the blade 23 are provided on the blade 23. As shown in Figure 8, a blade 23 is connected to a first limiting column 121 and a second limiting column 122. Specifically, as shown in Figure 9 (a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the dotted line O3-O4 in Figure 8). The first limiting column 121 on the fixed seat 21 is set in the rotation connection hole 1210 (as shown in Figure 7) on the blade 23, so that the blade 23 can be rotatably connected to the fixed seat 21. The second limiting column 122 on the rotating bracket 22 is set in the sliding guide groove 1220 on the blade 23, so that the blade 23 can be slidably connected to the rotating bracket 22.

[0126] In this case, as the rotating bracket 22 rotates relative to the fixed base 21 in the direction of the arc arrow in Figure 8, the second limiting post 122 on the rotating bracket 22 moves along the sliding guide groove 1220 on the blade, thereby pushing the blade 23 to rotate along the axis of the first limiting post 121. As the multiple blades 23 move, the size of the aperture 100 changes accordingly. The two ends of the sliding guide groove 1220 represent the extreme positions of the second limiting post 122. When the second limiting post 122 slides to either of these two extreme positions, the aperture 100 can change to its maximum or minimum aperture.

[0127] Furthermore, as shown in FIG7 , the aperture 100 can be connected to the first light-transmitting aperture 101, so that light from the light-transmitting aperture 100 can pass through the first light-transmitting aperture 101 and enter the lens assembly 40 shown in FIG3 . Based on this, the minimum aperture of the aperture 100 can match the first limiting aperture position of the variable aperture 20, such as the minimum aperture position. In this case, the light flux entering the lens assembly 40 through the variable aperture 20 can be minimized. Conversely, in some embodiments of the present application, the maximum aperture of the aperture 100 can match the second limiting aperture position of the variable aperture 20, such as the maximum aperture position. In this case, the light flux entering the lens assembly 40 through the variable aperture 20 can be maximized.

[0128] Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, as further shown in FIG5 , the variable aperture 20 may further include a second soma 26, which is stacked on the side of the plurality of blades 23 facing the fixing base 21. A third light-transmitting hole 103 is defined in the second soma 26, which communicates with the aperture 100. Light passing through the aperture 100 can first pass through the third light-transmitting hole 103 and then through the first light-transmitting hole 101 on the fixing base 21 to enter the lens assembly 40 (as shown in FIG3 ).

[0129] Therefore, the aperture of the third light-transmitting hole 103 can match the second limit aperture setting of the variable aperture 20, such as the maximum aperture setting. In this case, the edge shape of the third light-transmitting hole 103 is closer to an ideal circle than the edge shape of the aperture 100 at its maximum aperture, which is enclosed by the multiple blades 23. When the aperture 100 is at its maximum aperture, the blades 23 can be positioned outside the edge of the third light-transmitting hole 103, thereby avoiding obstruction of the third light-transmitting hole 103.

[0130] Continuing with FIG. 5 , to drive the rotating bracket 22 to rotate relative to the fixed base 21 along the optical axis O1-O2, as can be seen above, the variable aperture 20 may further include a drive assembly 24. The magnet assembly 241 within the drive assembly 24 may be disposed on a side of the rotating bracket 22 facing away from the blades 23, and the magnet assembly 241 may be connected to the rotating bracket 22. Therefore, to ensure that the coil 242 within the drive assembly 24 is positioned relative to the magnet assembly 241, the coil 242 may be disposed on the side of the magnet assembly 241 facing the fixed base 21.

[0131] In this way, since the magnet assembly 241 is connected to the rotating bracket 22 serving as the mover, when power is supplied to the coil 242, the magnetic field generated by the coil 242 interacts with the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 241 to generate a force, which enables the magnet assembly 241 to rotate relative to the coil 242, thereby driving the rotating bracket 22 connected to the magnet assembly 241 to rotate relative to the fixed seat 21.

[0132] On this basis, in some embodiments of the present application, in the same driving assembly 24, the vertical projection of the magnet assembly 241 on the rotating bracket 22 overlaps with the vertical projection of the coil 242 on the rotating bracket 22. In this way, the positions of the rotating bracket 22 and the coil 242 in the same driving assembly 24 correspond to each other, so that the magnetic field generated by the coil 242 after power is applied can more easily interact with the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 241.

[0133] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG10 , the magnet assembly 241 may include a plurality of magnets 2410, and the magnetic fields generated by the plurality of magnets 2410 may interact with the magnetic field generated by the coil 242 (as shown in FIG5 ) after being energized, thereby increasing the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 241. For example, the directions in which the N poles of the plurality of magnets 241 in the magnet assembly 241 point to the S poles may all be arranged along the Z direction. The N pole and the S pole of the magnet 241 are not shown in FIG10 , and the upper and lower surfaces of the magnet 2410 along the Z direction may serve as the N pole and the S pole of the magnet 2410 to each other.

[0134] Alternatively, as another example, the multiple magnets in the above-mentioned magnet assembly 241 can be arranged in a Halbach array structure as shown in Figure 11. Among them, in the above-mentioned Halbach array structure, the direction in which the N poles of some magnets 2410a point to the S poles is set along the Z direction, and the direction in which the N poles of other magnets 2410b point to the S poles (the N poles and S poles of magnet 2410b are not shown in the figure) are set along the horizontal plane (XY plane). Magnets 2410a and magnets 2410b are arranged alternately. In this way, the surface A of the magnet assembly 241 with the above-mentioned Halbach array structure facing the coil 242 has a larger magnetic field strength, so that when a very small current flows through the coil 242, it can push the rotating bracket 22 connected to the magnet assembly 241, thereby increasing the driving force on the rotating bracket 22 and reducing power consumption.

[0135] In summary, in the variable aperture 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the rotating bracket 22 shown in FIG7 is located within the fixed seat 21, and the rotating bracket 22 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 21. In addition, the blade 23 shown in FIG5 is slidably connected to the rotating bracket 22, and the blade 23 is also rotatably connected to the fixed seat 21. In this case, when the rotating bracket 22 rotates relative to the fixed seat 21, the rotating bracket 22 can drive the blade 23 to slide relative to the rotating bracket 22 while causing the blade 23 to rotate relative to the fixed seat 21. Based on this, during the rotation of the rotating bracket 22, the aperture of the aperture 100 enclosed by the multiple annularly distributed blades 23 can change as the rotating bracket 22 rotates, thereby adjusting the aperture size of the aperture 100 and ultimately achieving the purpose of adjusting the aperture position of the variable aperture 20.

[0136] On this basis, in order to drive the rotating bracket 22 to rotate, it can be seen from the above that the driving assembly 24 includes a magnet assembly 241 and a coil 242 as shown in Figure 5. The magnet assembly 241 is arranged on the side of the rotating bracket 22 facing away from the blade 23. The coil 242 is arranged on the side of the magnet assembly 241 facing the fixed base 21. In this case, by energizing the coil 242, the magnetic field generated by the coil 242 and the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 241 interact to generate a force, which can drive the magnet assembly 241 to drive the rotating bracket 22 to rotate relative to the fixed base 21.

[0137] As such, in the variable aperture 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the magnet assembly 241 is disposed on the rotating bracket 22 serving as a mover, the variable aperture 20 can be a moving magnet type variable aperture 20. Based on this, the coil 242 requiring power does not need to be disposed on the aforementioned mover (i.e., a moving coil type variable aperture), thereby simplifying the electrical connection structure of the variable aperture 20. Furthermore, in the embodiment provided in the present application, simply by rotating the rotating bracket 22 serving as the mover and the fixed base 21 serving as the stator, the rotating bracket 22 can be used to drive the movement of the multiple blades 23 to adjust the aperture of the aperture 100. This reduces the number of components used to adjust the aperture of the variable aperture 20 and achieves the purpose of simplifying the structure of the variable aperture 20.

[0138] On this basis, as shown in Figure 7, by positioning the rotating bracket 22 within the fixed base 21, the thickness (dimension along the Z direction) of the variable aperture 20 can be reduced. Furthermore, positioning the magnet assembly 241 on the side of the rotating bracket 22 facing away from the blades 23 and the coil 242 on the side of the magnet assembly 241 facing the fixed base 21 can reduce the area of ​​the variable aperture 20 within the XY plane (i.e., in the lateral direction) compared to a solution in which the magnets and coils are positioned around the rotating bracket, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the size of the variable aperture 20. In this case, by simplifying the structure of the variable aperture 20 and reducing its thickness and lateral area, the entire camera module 10 can be miniaturized and the integration of electronic devices can be improved.

[0139] Furthermore, when the image sensor 802 (as shown in FIG. 3 ) in the camera module 10 has a larger target surface (i.e., the size of the image sensor), the lens assembly 40 of the camera module 10 has a larger size along the Z direction, so that the size of the lens assembly 40 matches the target surface of the sensor 802. Therefore, when the camera module 10 uses an image sensor 802 with a larger target surface, although it is difficult to further reduce the size of the lens assembly 40 along the Z direction, by using the variable aperture 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the size of the entire camera module 10 can be effectively reduced due to the smaller size of the variable aperture 20 along the Z direction.

[0140] On this basis, the above-mentioned driving component 24 can also include a first magnetic conductive sheet 243 as shown in Figure 12 (a top view obtained along the Z direction in Figure 6A). The first magnetic conductive sheet 243 can be set on the side of the bottom plate 211 of the fixed seat 21 facing the rotating bracket 22 (as shown in Figure 6A). The first magnetic conductive sheet 243 is used to adsorb the magnet assembly 241 on the rotating bracket 22 shown in Figure 6A. Among them, the magnetic conductive sheet can also be called a magnetic attraction sheet. The above-mentioned magnetic conductive sheet has a high magnetic permeability, low resistivity and small iron loss. Based on this, along the thickness direction of the variable aperture 20 (the Z direction in Figure 6A), the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 can be used to adsorb the magnet assembly 241. Since the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 adsorbs the magnet assembly 241 along the Z direction, the above-mentioned first magnetic conductive sheet 243 can also be called a Z-direction magnetic conductive sheet.

[0141] For example, the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 may include a metal capable of attracting ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or the like. For example, the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 may be a stainless steel sheet, also referred to as a steel sheet. The configuration of the metal material capable of being attracted to magnetic materials in the following embodiments of this application is the same as described above and will not be further elaborated here.

[0142] Continuing with FIG12 , the vertical projection of the first opening 130 on the sidewall of the boss 212 overlaps with the vertical projection of the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 on the sidewall of the boss 212. As can be seen from the above, along the rotation direction of the rotatable bracket 22, the opening length (dimension along the Y direction) of the first opening 130 can be regarded as the rotational travel of the rotatable bracket 22. Therefore, when the vertical projection of the first opening 130 on the sidewall of the boss 212 overlaps with the vertical projection of the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 on the sidewall of the boss, the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 can be positioned within the travel range of the rotatable bracket 22.

[0143] In this way, when the rotating bracket 22 rotates, the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 adsorbs the magnet assembly 241 along the thickness direction of the variable aperture 20, which can reduce the separation of the rotating bracket 22 and the fixed base 21 during the rotation of the camera module 10 and improve the reliability of the variable aperture 20.

[0144] In addition, by adjusting the number, position, and spacing between the first magnetic conductive sheets 243 and the magnet assembly 241, the adsorption force between the first magnetic conductive sheets 243 and the magnet assembly 241 can be adjusted. For example, as shown in FIG12 , each drive assembly 24 can include two first magnetic conductive sheets 243. When the variable aperture 20 has two drive assemblies 24, the variable aperture 20 can have four first magnetic conductive sheets 243 (black filled areas).

[0145] In this case, the attraction force between all the first magnetic conductive sheets 243 in the variable aperture 20 and the magnet assembly 241 can reach about 10 times the weight of the rotating bracket 22 and the magnet assembly 241. In this case, the friction force between the rotating bracket 22 and the fixed base 21 in FIG6A can be increased.

[0146] Based on this, as shown in Figure 6A, when the rotating bracket 22 rotates to drive the multiple blades 23 to form the aperture 100, which reaches an aperture position, such as the maximum aperture position (for example, the fourth aperture), the rotating bracket 22 and the fixed base 21 have a large friction force, making it difficult for the rotating bracket 22 to rotate further relative to the fixed base 21. As a result, the power supply to the coil 242 can be terminated, so that the position of the rotating bracket 22 and the fixed base 21 is relatively fixed (in a steady state), achieving the purpose of aperture self-locking. In this way, when the user is taking photos or videos in a fixed scene and does not need to change the aperture, the aperture is self-locked and the coil 242 is in a power-off state (the current in the coil 242 can be 0), thereby achieving the purpose of reducing power consumption.

[0147] For example, as shown in FIG13 (a top view taken along the Z direction in FIG6A ), a second mounting slot 111 is defined in the bottom portion of the base plate 211 of the fixed seat 21, which serves as the bottom portion of the first mounting slot 110. A first magnetic conductive sheet 243 (shown in FIG12 ) is positioned within the second mounting slot 111. Thus, by defining the second mounting slot 111 in the base plate 211, the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 (shown in FIG12 ) within the second mounting slot 111 can be embedded within the base plate of the fixed seat 21, thereby allowing the thickness of the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 to overlap with a portion of the thickness of the base plate 211, thereby facilitating a reduction in the thickness of the variable aperture 20. Furthermore, the second mounting slot 111 is provided at the end of the coil mounting hole 123 for accommodating the coil 242 that faces the boss 212, allowing the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 within the second mounting slot 111 to be closer to the magnetic assembly 241 (shown in FIG6A ).

[0148] In some embodiments of the present application, the drive assembly 24 may include two first magnetic conductive sheets 243. As shown in FIG14 , the end of the coil 242 facing the boss is located between the two first magnetic conductive sheets 243. In this way, by increasing the number of first magnetic conductive sheets 243, the attraction force between all first magnetic conductive sheets 243 and the magnetic attraction assembly can be increased, thereby facilitating the self-locking of the aperture when the coil 242 is powered off.

[0149] As can be seen from the above, as shown in FIG11 , the magnet assembly 241 having the aforementioned Halbach array structure can provide a relatively large driving force to the rotating bracket 22 . Therefore, the magnet assembly 241 having the aforementioned Halbach array structure can also be referred to as a high-thrust magnet assembly 241 . Therefore, by providing the magnet assembly 241 having the aforementioned Halbach array structure, the problem of excessive friction causing the rotating bracket 22 to become stuck during rotation relative to the fixed base 21 due to adsorption of the first magnetic conductive sheet 243 (as shown in FIG14 ) on the magnet assembly 241 can be resolved, thereby increasing the product's fault tolerance.

[0150] On this basis, as shown in Figure 15 , the sidewall of the boss 212 of the fixing seat 21 may include a first semi-annular sidewall 2121 and a second semi-annular sidewall 2122 connected end to end. The first semi-annular sidewall 2121 and the second semi-annular sidewall 2122 are spliced ​​end to end to form the complete sidewall of the boss 212. The dashed line on the boss 212 in Figure 15 serves as the dividing line between the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 and the second semi-annular sidewall 2122. This dashed line merely illustrates the division between the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 and the second semi-annular sidewall 2122 and does not limit the division method. Furthermore, the dashed line does not actually exist on the boss 212. For example, when the boss 212 is a frustum, the arc lengths of the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 and the second semi-annular sidewall 2122 can be the same.

[0151] Continuing with FIG15 , the variable aperture 20 further includes a second magnetic conductive sheet 29 and a first rolling element 31. The second magnetic conductive sheet 29 is disposed on the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 and is configured to engage with the magnet assembly 241. Because the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 is attached to a portion of the sidewall of the boss, such as the first semi-annular sidewall 2121, the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 can also be referred to as a lateral magnetic conductive sheet.

[0152] Furthermore, as shown in FIG15 , the vertical projection of the first opening 130 on the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 overlaps with the vertical projection of the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 on the first semi-annular sidewall 2121. As can be seen from the above, the first opening 130 can accommodate the coil 242, and the magnet assembly 241 is located on the side of the coil 242 facing the rotating bracket 22. Therefore, the magnet assembly 241 and the coil 242 are arranged in layers in the Z direction, so a portion of the assembly 241 can also be located within the first opening 130. In this way, when the vertical projection of the first opening 130 on the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 overlaps with the vertical projection of the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 on the first semi-annular sidewall 2121, the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 can be located near the magnet assembly 241, thereby making it easier for the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 to be attracted by the magnet assembly 241.

[0153] 15 , the first rolling member 31 is disposed between the rotating bracket 22 and the bottom plate 211, and is located on the side of the second semi-ring sidewall 2122. The rotating bracket 22 and the fixed base 21 are in contact with the first rolling member 31, and the rotating bracket 22 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 21 via the first rolling member 31. For example, a first rolling groove 310 for accommodating the first rolling member 31 may be provided on the fixed base 21.

[0154] As shown in FIG16 (a top view taken along the Z direction in FIG6A ), since the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 is disposed on the first semi-circular sidewall 2121, when the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 and the magnet assembly 241 (as shown in FIG6A ) are attracted to each other, the rotating bracket 22 moves along the Y direction toward the position of the second semi-circular sidewall 2122 of the fixed seat 21 (e.g., toward the right). Since the first rolling element 31 is located on one side of the second semi-circular sidewall 2122, that is, the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 and the first rolling element 31 can be located on opposite sides of the boss 212, as shown in FIG17 (a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line O1-O2 in FIG16 ), the rotating bracket 22 and the fixed seat 21 can contact the first rolling element 31, that is, the first rolling element 31, the rotating bracket 22, and the fixed seat 21 are all in a zero-fit (or tight-fit) state.

[0155] In this case, as shown in Figure 17, when the rotating bracket 22 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 21 through the first rolling member 31, since the rotating bracket 22 and the fixed seat 21 can be in contact with the first rolling member 31, the rotating bracket 22 can always lean on the first rolling member 31 during the rotation process and rotate relative to the fixed seat 21, thereby improving the stability of the rotating bracket 22 during the rotation process, and the consistency of the rotating bracket 22 when rotating to various angles, thereby improving the reliability of the product.

[0156] For example, the first rolling member 31 may include a ball or a roller. Alternatively, the first rolling member 31 may include multiple balls or a plurality of balls. For example, if the first rolling member 31 includes multiple balls, the multiple balls may be arranged along the thickness direction (i.e., the Z direction) of the variable aperture 20.

[0157] In some other embodiments of the present application, the variable aperture 20 further includes a second rolling element 32, as shown in FIG18 . The second rolling element 32 can be disposed between the rotating bracket 22 (as shown in FIG6A ) and the bottom plate 211 of the fixed base 21, with the second rolling element 32 located on the side of the first semi-ring sidewall 2121. For example, a first rolling groove 320 can be provided on the fixed base 21 for accommodating the second rolling element 32. An adjustment gap H1 is defined between the second rolling element 32 and the rotating bracket 22, as shown in FIG19 (a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line O1-O2 in FIG16 ), with the gap being 30 μm ≤ H1 ≤ 70 μm.

[0158] As can be seen from the above, as shown in Figure 19 , the second rolling element 32 and the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 are located on the same side of the boss 212. When the second magnetic conductive sheet 29 is attracted to the magnet assembly 241 (shown in Figure 6A ), the rotating bracket 22 moves toward the location of the second semi-annular sidewall 2122 of the fixed base. In this case, the second rolling element 32, located on the side of the first semi-annular sidewall 2121, can maintain the aforementioned adjustable gap H1 between the rotating bracket 22.

[0159] In this way, when the variable aperture 20 undergoes reliability testing (rolling or drop testing, etc.) and user use, causing the rotating bracket 22 to undergo a large displacement in the horizontal plane (perpendicular to the optical axis of the variable aperture 20), the side of the rotating bracket 22 close to the second rolling element 32 can contact the second rolling element 32, so that the second rolling element 32 limits the further displacement of the rotating bracket 22, reducing the displacement of the rotating bracket 22, thereby avoiding the rotating bracket 22 causing pulling on the multiple blades 23 slidingly connected to the rotating bracket 22 when the rotating bracket 22 undergoes a large displacement, resulting in damage to the blades 23.

[0160] For example, the second rolling member 32 may include a single ball or a single roller. Alternatively, the second rolling member 32 may include multiple balls. For example, if the second rolling member 32 includes multiple balls, the multiple balls may be arranged along the thickness direction (i.e., the Z direction) of the variable aperture 20.

[0161] On this basis, as shown in FIG20 (a top view taken along the Z axis in FIG6A ), the variable aperture 20 may include two drive assemblies, two first rolling elements 31, and two second rolling elements 32. The two drive assemblies are respectively a first drive assembly 2401 and a second drive assembly 2402. The first drive assembly 2401 is disposed on the side where the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 is located, and the second drive assembly 2402 is disposed on the side where the second semi-annular sidewall 2122 is located. The first drive assembly 2401 is located between the two second rolling elements 32. The second drive assembly 2402 is located between the two first rolling elements 31. In this way, by disposing the first drive assembly 2401 on the side where the first semi-annular sidewall 2121 of the boss 212 is located, and disposing the second drive assembly 2402 on the side where the second semi-annular sidewall 2122 is located, the rotating bracket 22 can be subjected to uniform force during rotation.

[0162] Furthermore, by positioning the first drive assembly 2401 between the two second rolling elements 32 and increasing the number of second rolling elements 32, the displacement of the rotating bracket 22 can be further limited during reliability testing (such as rolling or drop testing) of the variable aperture 20 and during user use, effectively reducing the displacement of the rotating bracket 22. Furthermore, by positioning the second drive assembly 2402 between the two first rolling elements 31 and increasing the number of first rolling elements 31, the rotating bracket 22 can contact the first rolling elements 31 on both sides of the first drive assembly 2401, further improving the consistency, stability, and reliability of the movement.

[0163] The above description is based on an example in which the variable aperture 20 has two drive components, namely a first drive component 2401 and a second drive component 2402 (also referred to as a bilaterally arranged drive component 24). In other embodiments of the present application, a single drive component 24 (also referred to as a unilaterally arranged drive component 24) may be provided.

[0164] As can be seen from the above, in FIG6A , the magnet assembly 241 is connected to the rotating bracket 22 serving as the stator. Based on this, in some embodiments of the present application, the coil 242 can be indirectly or directly connected to the fixed base 21 serving as the stator. The following examples illustrate the connection between the coil 242 and the fixed base 21.

[0165] For example, as shown in FIG. 21 , the variable aperture 20 may further include a flexible printed circuit (FPC) 27. FPC 27 is disposed on a side of the fixing base 21 facing away from the blades 23 and is connected to the fixing base 21. A coil 242 passes through the fixing base 21 and is disposed on a side of the FPC 27 facing the rotating bracket 22. Coil 242 is connected to FPC 27. For example, during the assembly process of the variable aperture 20, coil 242 may be first assembled with the entire FPC 27. The FPC 27, with coil 242 assembled therewith, is then adhered to the lower surface of the fixing base 21 (i.e., the surface facing away from the cover plate 25) using a dispensing process. In this manner, coil 242 is indirectly connected to the fixing base 21 via FPC 27. In this way, compared with the solution of bending the FPC into an arc around the circumferential side of the rotor, the FPC27 of the present application does not need to be bent. As shown in Figure 22 (the top view obtained along the Z direction in Figure 21), the FPC27 can be set into a flat plate structure parallel to the XY plane, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of FPC27.

[0166] Furthermore, as can be seen from the above description, the rotation of the rotating bracket 22 relative to the fixed base 21 can drive the multiple blades 23 to move, thereby adjusting the aperture 100 enclosed by the multiple blades 23. Therefore, in order to control the rotational position of the rotating bracket 22 and achieve precise control of the aperture size of the aperture 100, the variable aperture 20 can further include a rotation control chip (integrated circuit, IC) 28 as shown in FIG23 (a top view taken along the Z direction in FIG21 ). The rotation control chip 28 is used to control the rotational position of the rotating bracket 22.

[0167] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 23, the rotation control chip 28 can be electrically connected to the FPC27, so that the rotation control chip 28 is electrically connected to the circuit board 80 (as shown in Figure 3) of the camera module 10 through the FPC27, so that the processor on the circuit board 80 can transmit a control signal to the above-mentioned rotation control chip 28, thereby enabling the rotation control chip 28 to control the rotation position of the rotating shaft bracket. For example, the above-mentioned rotation control chip 28 can be a Hall chip. As can be seen from the above, the coil 242 shown in Figure 23 is connected to the FPC27. Therefore, in some embodiments, the coil 242 and the rotation control chip 28 can both be set on the FPC27. For example, the rotation control chip 28 is fixed to the inside of the coil 242, thereby saving the fabric space on the FPC27.

[0168] On this basis, as shown in FIG24 , when the FPC 27 equipped with the coil 242 is connected to the lower surface of the fixing base 21, in order to reduce the thickness of the variable aperture 20, the bottom plate 211 of the fixing base 21 can be provided with a coil mounting hole 123 (as shown in FIG6A ) that penetrates the bottom plate 211. The coil 242 can be mounted in the coil mounting hole 123, thereby allowing the coil 242 to pass through the fixing base 21. In this way, the thickness of the coil 242 partially overlaps with the thickness of the fixing base 21, thereby reducing the thickness of the variable aperture 20.

[0169] In addition, as shown in Figure 24, the coil 242 that needs to be powered is set on the side of the FPC27 facing the rotating bracket 22, and the coil 242 is connected to the FPC27. This allows the coil 242 to be set opposite to the above-mentioned magnet assembly 241, and power is directly supplied to the coil 242 through the metal traces on the FPC27, thereby simplifying the electrical connection structure of the variable aperture 20.

[0170] Based on this, it can be seen from the above that the lower surface of coil 242 (parallel to the XY plane) is connected to FPC 27, and the upper surface of magnet assembly 241 (parallel to the XY plane) is connected to rotating bracket 22. Therefore, coil 242 and magnet assembly 241 are arranged laterally (parallel to the XY plane) on the side of rotating bracket 22 facing away from blade 23. Therefore, compared to a solution in which the coil and magnet are arranged on the circumference of rotating bracket 22, the size of variable aperture 20 in the XY plane can be reduced.

[0171] Furthermore, the bottom plate 211 of the fixing base 21 defines a coil mounting hole 123 (as shown in FIG. 6A ) for accommodating the coil 242, and the side plate 213 of the fixing base 21 defines a first opening 130 (as shown in FIG. 6A ) for accommodating the magnet assembly 241. Therefore, along the Z direction shown in FIG. 24 , the thickness of the coil 242 overlaps with the thickness of the fixing base 21, and the thickness of the magnet assembly 241 overlaps with the thickness of the fixing base 21, thereby reducing the thickness of the variable aperture 20 in the Z direction.

[0172] In summary, the variable aperture 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application is a dynamic magnetic structure in which the FPC 27 is attached to the bottom of the fixing base 21, and the coil 242 and the magnet assembly 241 are arranged horizontally. It has the characteristics of a small number of components, simple structural process, small size, light weight, good reliability and low cost.

[0173] On this basis, to improve the reliability of the variable aperture 20, in some embodiments of the present application, the fixing base 21 may include a first plastic component 2101 and a first metal bracket 2102, as shown in FIG25 . The first plastic component 2101 may be made of a plastic material, such as polyester or polyethylene. The first plastic component 2101 may include the aforementioned base plate 211, boss 212, and side plates 213. Furthermore, the first metal bracket 2102 may be made of at least one metal element; for example, the first metal bracket 2102 may be made of stainless steel. The first metal bracket 2102 may include a first metal portion 214 and a second metal portion 215.

[0174] Based on this, as shown in FIG26 , the first metal bracket 2102 can be embedded in the first plastic part 2101, and the first metal bracket 2102 and the first plastic part 2101 are connected to form a first integral structural member 2100. In this way, the first integral structural member 2100 can be formed through an insert molding process. The first metal portion 214 can be located within the bottom plate 211 to strengthen the rigidity of the portion of the fixing base 21 located on the bottom plate 211. The second metal portion 215 is disposed within the side plate 213 to strengthen the rigidity of the portion of the fixing base 21 located on the side plate 213.

[0175] The first metal bracket 2102 in the mounting base 21 increases the mechanical strength of the mounting base 21. This reduces the likelihood of damage to the mounting base 21 during reliability testing (such as rolling or drop testing) or user use of the variable aperture 20, thereby extending the product's service life. As can be seen from the above, the material of the first metal bracket 2102 can include stainless steel. In the following embodiments, the metal components formed in the plastic part using the insert injection molding process can also be made of the aforementioned stainless steel.

[0176] On this basis, as shown in FIG27 , the first plastic part 2101 may have a first hollow area 140, and the first hollow area 140 may expose a portion of the surface of the first metal bracket 2102. For example, as shown in FIG25 , the second metal part 215 of the first metal bracket 2102 may include a metal plate 2151. The first hollow area 140 in FIG27 may expose at least a portion of the metal plate 2151. The exposed surface of the metal plate 2151 is used to make a product identification code. In this way, a product identification code for characterizing product-related information can be prepared directly on the first metal bracket 2102 without the need to separately set up a steel sheet for making and attaching the product identification code, thereby reducing the number of components and achieving the purpose of simplifying the manufacturing process. For example, the above-mentioned product identification code may be a QR code, numbers, letters or character codes, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0177] In addition, as shown in FIG28 , the first metal bracket 2102 can also be grounded to the FPC 27. For example, a portion of the first metal portion 214 of the first metal bracket 2102 (the portion encircled by the dashed circle in FIG28 ) can be electrically connected to a copper-leaking area (not shown) on the FPC 27 via conductive adhesive to achieve grounding of the first metal bracket 2102, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference. This application does not impose any restrictions on the material of the conductive adhesive, as long as the conductive adhesive can ensure that the first metal bracket 2102 is grounded to the FPC 27.

[0178] The above is an example of the coil 242 in the driving component 24 being arranged on the FPC 27, and the FPC 27 being connected to the bottom of the fixing base 21, so that the coil 242 is indirectly connected to the fixing base 21 through the FPC 27, to illustrate the arrangement of the coil 242.

[0179] Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG29 , the coil 242 is directly mounted on the fixed base 21 and connected to the fixed base 21. For example, a coil mounting groove 124 may be provided on the bottom plate 211 of the fixed base 21, and the coil 242 may be positioned within the coil mounting groove 124. The bottom of the coil mounting groove 124 may support the coil 242. Similarly, the fixed base 21, acting as a stator, remains stationary relative to the rotating bracket 22 during the process of changing the aperture of the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture 20. This allows the coil 242 mounted on the fixed base 21 to remain stationary relative to the magnet assembly 241 mounted on the rotating bracket 22, ensuring that the variable aperture 20 remains a moving magnet variable aperture 20.

[0180] Similarly, the fixing base 21 shown in FIG29 can also be manufactured using the above-mentioned insert injection molding process. In this case, as shown in FIG30 , the fixing base 21 can include a first plastic part 2101 and a first metal bracket 2102. The structure and technical effects of the first plastic part 2101 and the first metal bracket 2102 are the same as those described above and will not be repeated here.

[0181] On this basis, as shown in FIG29 , the rotation control chip 28 can be disposed within the coil 242. Based on this, in some embodiments of the present application, an FPC electrically connected to the rotation control chip 28 may not be required in the variable aperture 20. To electrically connect the circuit board 80 shown in FIG3 to the rotation control chip 28, as shown in FIG30 , the fixing base 21 can further include a metal ground trace 2103, a metal signal trace 2104, a metal ground terminal 2105, and a metal signal terminal 2106. The material of the metal ground trace 2103, the metal signal trace 2104, the metal ground terminal 2105, and the metal signal terminal 2106 can be the same as or different from the material of the first metal bracket 2102, and this is not limited in this application.

[0182] As shown in FIG31 , metal signal traces 2104 can be electrically connected to the rotation control chip 28 and metal signal terminals 2106, and metal ground traces 2103 can be electrically connected to the rotation control chip 28 and metal ground terminals 2105. The metal signal terminals 2106 and metal ground terminals 2105 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 80 shown in FIG3 .

[0183] In this way, the metal ground trace 2103, the metal signal trace 2104, the metal ground terminal 2105, and the metal signal terminal 2106 can replace the FPC 27, so that the control signal from the processor on the circuit board 80 can be transmitted to the rotation control chip 28 via the metal ground trace 2103, the metal signal trace 2104, the metal ground terminal 2105, and the metal signal terminal 2106. The present application does not limit the number of the metal ground terminals 2105 and the metal signal terminals 2106. FIG31 illustrates two metal ground terminals 2105 and two metal signal terminals 2106 as an example.

[0184] In addition, the metal grounding terminal 2105 can be grounded to the circuit board 80 shown in Figure 3. Therefore, as shown in Figure 31, the above-mentioned metal grounding trace 2103 can also be electrically connected to the first metal bracket 2102, so that the first metal bracket 2102 can be grounded to the circuit board 80 through the metal grounding trace 2103 and the metal grounding terminal 2105.

[0185] In this case, as shown in Figure 32, the first metal bracket 2102, the metal ground trace 2103, and the metal signal trace 2104 are embedded in the first plastic part 2101. The metal signal trace 2104, the metal ground trace 2103, the first metal bracket 2102, and the first plastic part 2101 are connected to form a first integral structural member 2100. As described above, the first integral structural member 2100 can be formed through an insert injection molding process. The technical effects of the first integral structural member 2100 are the same as those described above and will not be further described here. At least a portion of the metal ground terminal 2105 and the metal signal terminal 2106 are exposed outside the first plastic part 2101.

[0186] As shown in FIG33 , the rotating bracket 22, magnet assembly 241, coil 242, blades 23, and other components are positioned within the accommodation space between the cover plate 25 and the fixed base 21 to form the variable aperture 20. The variable aperture 20 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 30 shown in FIG3 via the metal ground terminal 2105 and metal signal terminal 2106 exposed outside the accommodation space. This eliminates the need for an FPC within the variable aperture 20, thereby simplifying the structure. Furthermore, the coil 242, which is directly connected to the fixed base 21, can also be electrically connected to the metal signal trace 2104 within the fixed base 21 to supply power to the coil 242. In this case, the coil 242 can be electrically connected to the entire fixed base 21 via the metal signal trace 2104, eliminating the need for a separate circuit board for powering the coil 242.

[0187] In summary, the above provides examples of the configuration of the coil 242 in the variable aperture 20. In the variable aperture 20 shown in FIG4 , the coil 242 is mounted on the FPC 27, which is connected to the mounting base 21. In the variable aperture 20 shown in FIG33 , no FPC is required; the coil 242 is directly connected to the mounting base 21. For any of the aforementioned variable aperture 20 configurations, the rotating bracket 22 can be rotatably connected to the mounting base 21. For ease of description, the following examples will use the variable aperture 20 with the FPC 27 shown in FIG4 as an example.

[0188] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG34 , the rotating bracket 22 may include a second plastic member 2201 and a second metal bracket 2202. The materials for the second plastic member 2201 and the second metal bracket 2202 are similarly available and are not further described here. As shown in FIG35 , the second metal bracket 2202 is embedded within the second plastic member 2201, and the second metal bracket 2202 and the second plastic member 2201 are connected to form a second integral structural member 2200.

[0189] Similarly, the second integral structural member 2200 can be formed by the aforementioned insert injection molding process. The second metal bracket 2202 in the rotating bracket 22 increases the mechanical strength of the rotating bracket 22. This reduces the likelihood of damage to the rotating bracket 22 when it is impacted during reliability testing (such as a rolling or drop test) or user use of the variable aperture 20, thereby extending the product's service life.

[0190] Furthermore, as shown in FIG35 , the magnet assembly 241 is connected to the second metal bracket 2202 and is attracted to each other. Thus, for example, as shown in FIG36 (a bottom view taken along the Z direction in FIG35 ), a portion of the second metal bracket 2202 can be used as a bearing portion of the magnet assembly 241, and glue is applied to the bearing portion toward a side surface of the magnet assembly 241, thereby connecting the magnet assembly 241 to the second metal bracket 2202.

[0191] On this basis, as shown in Figure 36 , since the second metal bracket 2202 can be attracted by the magnet assembly 241 and there is a strong attraction between the second metal bracket 2202 and the magnet assembly 241, the magnet assembly 241 can be prevented from falling off to the greatest extent. This increases the reliability of the connection between the assembly and the second metal bracket 2202. Furthermore, the need for a separate steel sheet connecting the rotating bracket 22 and the magnet assembly 241 is eliminated, simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0192] In some embodiments of the present application, the variable aperture 20 further includes a cover plate 25 as shown in FIG37 . The cover plate 25 is disposed on a side of the plurality of blades 23 facing away from the rotating bracket 22, and the cover plate 25 is disposed on the fixed base 21. The cover plate 25 is provided with a second light-transmitting hole 102. When the cover plate 25 is disposed on the fixed base 21, the second light-transmitting hole 102 can communicate with the aperture hole 100.

[0193] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG38 , the cover plate 25 may include a third plastic member 2501, a third metal bracket 2502, and a first gasket 2503 (soma). The materials for the third plastic member 2501 and the third metal bracket 2502 are similarly available and are not further described here. As shown in FIG39 , the third metal bracket 2502 is embedded within the third plastic member 2501, and the third metal bracket 2502 and the third plastic member 2501 are connected to form a third integral structural member 2500.

[0194] Similarly, the third integral structural member 2500 can be formed through the aforementioned insert injection molding process. The presence of the third metal bracket 2502 in the cover plate 25 increases the mechanical strength of the cover plate 25. This reduces the likelihood of damage to the cover plate 25 when it is impacted during reliability testing (such as a rolling or drop test) or user use of the variable aperture 20, thereby extending the product's service life.

[0195] In some embodiments of the present application, as further shown in FIG. 38 , the third metal bracket 2502 includes multiple hollow portions 25011 extending through the third metal bracket 2502. The hollow portions 25011 are disposed around the second light-transmitting hole 102. In this manner, the second light-transmitting hole 102, which communicates with the aperture hole 100, allows external light to enter the aperture hole 100 through the second light-transmitting hole. Furthermore, by providing the third metal bracket 2502 with multiple hollow portions 25011, the weight of the entire third metal bracket 2502 can be reduced compared to a cover plate 25 constructed entirely of metal, thereby reducing the weight of the cover plate 25 and the entire variable aperture 20.

[0196] In addition, as shown in Figure 40, the third metal bracket 2502 is connected to the first metal bracket 2102. For example, the third metal bracket 2502 in the cover 25 can be connected to the first metal bracket 2102 in the fixing seat 21 by welding, thereby increasing the reliability of the connection between the cover 25 and the fixing seat 21 and reducing the chance of the cover 25 falling off.

[0197] In some embodiments of the present application, the cover plate 25 may be provided with multiple welding locations a1 (as shown in FIG. 38 , with six welding locations a1 as an example). These multiple welding locations a1 may be arranged around the circumference of the aperture 100. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 25 , the second metal portion 215 of the first metal bracket 2102 may further include multiple metal rods 2152 and multiple welding portions 2153, with each metal rod 2152 connected to a welding portion 2153. If the cover plate 25 has six welding locations a1 (as shown in FIG. 40 ), the first metal bracket 2102 may have six metal rods 2152 and six welding portions 2153. In this case, one welding portion 2153 of the first metal bracket 2102 may be welded to one welding location a1 of the cover plate 25, thereby improving the connection stability between the cover plate 25 and the fixing base 21. Furthermore, riveting and glue dispensing processes can be avoided, enhancing reliability and strength while reducing the process flow of the motor 41 and lowering overall costs.

[0198] On this basis, as shown in Figure 40, after the third metal bracket 2502 is welded to the first metal bracket 2102, the third metal bracket 2502 can be electrically connected to the first metal bracket 2102, so that the third metal bracket 2502 can be grounded to the above-mentioned FPC27 through the first metal bracket 2102 (as shown in Figure 37).

[0199] In this way, the manufacturing process of grounding the cover plate 25 can be simplified. In the related art, as shown in FIG41 , the metal cover plate mainly composed of a steel plate needs to be electrically connected to the FPC lead-out portion by a dispensing method and grounded, and then the dispensing position is covered with a dispensing protective glue. Compared with the related art, the present application only needs to electrically connect the third metal bracket 2502 in the cover plate 25 shown in FIG40 to the first metal bracket 2102 in the fixing seat 21, for example, by welding or dispensing, thereby eliminating the need for additionally setting up an FPC lead-out portion, and two processes of a dispensing layer and a dispensing protective glue for electrically connecting the FPC lead-out portion to the metal cover plate, thereby achieving the purpose of simplifying the structure, reducing the manufacturing process, and reducing the cost of the variable aperture 20.

[0200] Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, the third metal bracket 2502 in the cover 25 shown in Figure 40 can be grounded to the first metal bracket 2102 in the fixing base 21 by dispensing glue (for example, dispensing silver glue) or the like.

[0201] Continuing with FIG38 , the first gasket 2503 is stacked on the side of the third integral structural member 2500 (including the third plastic member 2501 and the third metal bracket 2502) facing away from the blades 23 (shown in FIG37 ). The first gasket 2503 is located on the upper surface of the variable aperture 20. The first gasket 2503 can partially obscure the structure of the blades 23 below the cover plate 25, allowing the surface of the first gasket 2503 facing away from the third integral structure to serve as the user-visible exterior surface, achieving a decorative effect and enhancing the quality and sophistication of the exterior. This also maximizes the control area of ​​the product's exterior appearance, meeting industrial design (ID) requirements.

[0202] Furthermore, because the third metal bracket 2502 in the cover plate 25 is located within the third plastic component 2501, and the cover plate 25 is positioned on the side of the plurality of blades 23 facing away from the rotating bracket 22, during the rotation of the blades 23, the component that directly contacts and rubs against the blades 23 is the third plastic component 2501 in the cover plate 25. The surface of the third plastic component 2501 can have a lower coefficient of friction than that of metal, thereby reducing the friction between the blades 23 and the third plastic component 2501, further reducing the likelihood of blade 23 wear (e.g., whitening) during reliability testing or use.

[0203] In some embodiments of the present application, the second gasket 26 in FIG. 21 , the first gasket 2503 in FIG. 38 , and the blade 23 in FIG. 37 may be made of the same material. The specular reflectance G (Gloss), optical density OD, L value, a value, and b value of the material color triplet may be: R ≤ 0.3%; OD ≥ 5.0; L ≤ 8; |a| ≤ 1; and |b| ≤ 1.

[0204] The specular reflectivity G can be measured using a multi-angle gloss meter (for example, a 60° angle, commonly used for visual inspection). The lower the specular reflectivity G, the more matte the surface. The smaller the L value, the higher the blackness. The a and b values ​​represent the chromaticity index, representing the degree of color cast. The higher the a and b values, the darker the hue. Furthermore, the higher the optical density (OD), the lower the transmittance and the higher the absorptivity. When the optical density (OD) is above 5, the transmittance is much less than 1%.

[0205] In this way, when the mirror reflectivity G, optical density value OD, L value, a value and b value in the material color triplet of the second gasket 26, the first gasket 2503 and the blade 23 are respectively: R≤0.3%; OD value≥5.0; L≤8; |a|≤1; |b|≤1, the materials of the above-mentioned second gasket 26, the first gasket 2503 and the blade 23 can all be ultra-black materials, so that when the blade 23 is in motion, the color and glossiness of the parts of the first gasket 2503, the second gasket 26 and the blade 23 that the user can see are consistent, reducing the probability of color difference between the above-mentioned three components and improving the appearance quality.

[0206] Furthermore, when the second gasket 26, the first gasket 2503, and the blades 23 are all made of the aforementioned ultra-black material, the ultra-black material has a good blackness, meets the design requirements, and has good wear resistance. Alternatively, the second gasket 26, the first gasket 2503, and the blades 23 can be made of a substrate coated or attached with the ultra-black material, which can also achieve the appearance consistency requirements.

[0207] In addition, the second gasket 26, the first gasket 2503, and the blade 23 are made of the same material and their mechanical properties can meet the following requirements: modulus ≥ 3000 MPa, yield strength / fracture strength ≥ 80 MPa (if there is no obvious yield phenomenon, only the fracture strength needs to be considered), and elongation at break ≥ 10%. In this way, during the reliability test, it can pass 2 or 5 rounds of drop tests and 500 roller tests. Among them, when the variable aperture 20 undergoes the roller test more than 1000 times, there is a certain risk. In addition, the life of the variable aperture 20 can reach 250,000 times.

[0208] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG42 , the fixed seat 21 may further include an anti-collision structure 34. The anti-collision structure 34 may be disposed around the periphery of the rotating bracket 22 and protrude from the surface of the cover plate 25 facing away from the blades 23. For example, the height D of the anti-collision structure 34 may be approximately 0.08 mm. For example, as shown in FIG40 , the anti-collision structure 34 may be disposed on the side of the side plate 213 of the fixed seat 21 facing away from the bottom plate 211, and the fixed seat 21 may have four anti-collision structures 34. The present application does not limit the number of anti-collision structures 34.

[0209] In this way, the fixing seat 21 surrounds the periphery of the rotating bracket 22 and protrudes from the cover 25, such as the above-mentioned anti-collision structure 34 can contact the lens or other decorative parts covering the camera module 10 on the back shell 03 of the electronic device 01 (as shown in Figure 1), thereby reducing the direct contact friction between the cover 25 and the above-mentioned lens or other device parts during product testing (for example, rolling reliability testing) or user use, so as to reduce the poor appearance caused by the wear of the top surface of the cover 25, thereby improving the appearance, life and reliability of the product.

[0210] Furthermore, as can be seen from the above, the variable aperture 20 can be connected to the lens assembly 40 in Figure 3 . To improve the reliability of the connection between the variable aperture 20 and the lens assembly 40, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 43 , the fixing base 21 further includes an adhesive structure 35. The adhesive structure 35 can be disposed on the surface of the bottom plate 211 of the fixing base 21 facing away from the side plate 213. The bottom surface A1 of the adhesive structure 35 and the surface A2 of the bottom plate 211 facing away from the side plate 213 can both be connected to the lens assembly 40 located below the variable aperture 20.

[0211] In this way, the surface connecting the iris diaphragm 20 and the lens assembly 40 (i.e., surfaces A1 and A2 of the fixing base 21) can be made uneven. Furthermore, as shown in FIG44 , the lens assembly 40 can have a bonding groove 36 that mates with the bonding structure 35. Therefore, the surface connecting the lens assembly 40 and the iris diaphragm 20 can also be made uneven, matching the surfaces A1 and A2 described above. This improves the stability of the connection between the iris diaphragm 20 and the lens assembly 40 during bonding.

[0212] For example, as shown in FIG43 , the vertical projection of the bonding structure 35 on the base plate 211 is fan-shaped, having a first curved edge 351 and a second curved edge 352. The arc length of the first curved edge 351 can be greater than the arc length of the second curved edge 352. The first curved edge 351 is positioned away from the boss 212 relative to the second curved edge 352. In this case, the bonding structure 35 can be a dovetail structure. As shown in FIG44 , the bonding groove 36 that mates with the lens assembly 40 and the bonding structure 35 can be a dovetail groove that matches the aforementioned dovetail structure.

[0213] Based on this, when the camera module 10 is in operation, the variable aperture 20 is positioned in a horizontal plane (a surface perpendicular to the optical axis of the variable aperture 20), and the interlocking dovetail-shaped adhesive structure 35 and adhesive groove 36 prevent shearing in both the X and Y directions. Furthermore, along the rotational direction of the blades 23 of the variable aperture 20, the sidewalls of the dovetail structure and the dovetail groove have a large contact area, effectively limiting the position of the variable aperture 20.

[0214] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A variable aperture (20), characterized in that: include: A fixing seat (21) having a first light-transmitting hole (101); the fixing seat (21) comprises a bottom plate (211) and a side plate (213); the side plate (213) is arranged on the bottom plate (211) and is arranged around the first light-transmitting hole (101); a first opening (130) is formed on the side plate (213), and the first opening (130) passes through the side plate (213) in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate (211); a rotating bracket (22) located in the fixing seat (21) and rotatably connected to the fixing seat (21); the rotating bracket (22) comprises an annular portion (221) and a lug (222); the annular portion (221) is arranged around the periphery of the first light-transmitting hole (101); the lug (222) is arranged on a side wall of the annular portion (221); the lug (222) is located in the first opening (130), and the first opening (130) exposes a side surface of the lug (222); A plurality of blades (23) are provided on the rotating bracket (22), the blades (23) are slidably connected to the annular portion (221), and are rotatably connected to the fixed seat (21); the plurality of blades (23) are distributed in an annular shape to surround an aperture (100), and the aperture (100) is connected to the first light-transmitting hole (101); At least one drive assembly (24), the drive assembly (24) comprising: a magnet assembly (241), arranged on a side of the lug (222) facing away from the blade (23); The coil (242) is arranged on a side of the magnet assembly (241) facing the fixing seat (21).

2. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that The fixing seat (21) further comprises: The boss (212) is arranged on the bottom plate (211), and the first light-transmitting hole (101) passes through the boss (212) and the bottom plate (211); the side plate (213) is arranged around the periphery of the boss (212); the side plate (213), the side wall of the boss (212) and the bottom plate (211) surround a first mounting groove (110), and at least a portion of the rotating bracket (22) is located in the first mounting groove (110).

3. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 2, characterized in that The annular portion (221) is located in the first mounting groove (110) and is arranged around the periphery of the boss (212); Wherein, the first opening (130) is communicated with the first installation groove (110).

4. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: There is a travel gap between the lug (222) and the side wall of the first opening (130).

5. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The variable aperture (20) further includes a flexible circuit board (FPC) (27), the FPC (27) being arranged on a side of the fixing seat (21) away from the blade (23), and the FPC (27) being connected to the fixing seat (21); The coil (242) passes through the fixing seat (21) and is arranged on a side of the FPC (27) facing the rotating bracket (22), and the coil (242) is connected to the FPC (27).

6. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 5, characterized in that The fixing seat (21) comprises: a first plastic part (2101); A first metal bracket (2102) is embedded in the first plastic part (2101), and the first metal bracket (2102) and the first plastic part (2101) are connected to form a first integrated structural part (2100); the first metal bracket (2102) is grounded on the FPC (27).

7. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 6, characterized in that The first plastic part (2101) has a first hollow area (140), and the first hollow area (140) exposes a portion of the surface of the first metal bracket (2102), and the surface is used to produce a product identification code.

8. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The coil (242) is disposed on the fixing seat (21) and is directly connected to the fixing seat (21).

9. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 8, characterized in that The fixing seat (21) comprises: a first plastic part (2101); A first metal bracket (2102) is embedded in the first plastic part (2101); A metal grounding trace (2103) is embedded in the first plastic part (2101), and the metal grounding trace (2103) is connected to the first metal bracket (2102); The metal signal trace (2104) is embedded in the first plastic part (2101), and the metal signal trace (2104), the metal ground trace (2103), the first metal bracket (2102) and the first plastic part (2101) are connected to form a first integrated structural part. (2100)； A metal grounding terminal (2105) is provided outside the first plastic part (2101), and the metal grounding terminal (2105) is connected to the metal grounding trace (2103); The metal signal terminal (2106) is arranged outside the first plastic part (2101), and the metal signal terminal (2106) is connected to the metal signal trace (2104).

10. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that: The variable aperture (20) further includes a cover plate (25), the cover plate (25) being arranged on a side of the plurality of blades (23) facing away from the rotating bracket (22), and the cover plate (25) being arranged on the fixed seat (21); The cover plate (25) comprises: The third plastic part (2501); A third metal bracket (2502) is embedded in the third plastic part (2501), and the third metal bracket (2502) and the third plastic part (2501) are connected to form a third integrated structural part (2500); the third metal bracket (2502) is connected to the first metal bracket (2102); The first gasket (2503) is stacked on a side of the third integral structural member (2500) facing away from the blade (23).

11. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 10, characterized in that The third metal bracket (2502) is electrically connected to the first metal bracket (2102), and the third metal bracket (2502) is grounded through the first metal bracket (2102).

12. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The cover plate (25) has a second light-transmitting hole (102), and the second light-transmitting hole (102) is connected to the aperture hole (100); The third metal bracket (2502) has a plurality of hollow portions (25011) penetrating the third metal bracket (2502), and the hollow portions (25011) are arranged around the second light-transmitting hole (102).

13. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: The variable aperture (20) further comprises: A second gasket (26) is stacked on one side of the plurality of blades (23) facing the fixing seat (21); a third light-transmitting hole (103) is provided on the second gasket (26), and the third light-transmitting hole (103) is connected to the aperture hole (100).

14. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 13, characterized in that The second gasket (26), the first gasket (2503) and the blade (23) are made of the same material; the specular reflectance G, optical density value OD, L value, a value and b value in the material color triplet are respectively: G≤0.3%; OD value≥5.0; L≤8; |a|≤1; |b|≤1.

15. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 14, characterized in that The modulus of the material of the second gasket (26), the first gasket (2503) and the blade (23) is greater than or equal to 3000 MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 80 MPa, and the elongation at break is greater than or equal to 10%.

16. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that: The fixing seat (21) is arranged around the periphery of the rotating bracket (22) and protrudes from the surface of the cover plate (25) facing away from the blade (23).

17. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The drive assembly (24) further comprises: A first magnetic conductive sheet (243) is arranged on a side of the bottom plate (211) facing the rotating bracket (22), and the first magnetic conductive sheet (243) is used to be adsorbed with the magnet assembly (241); a vertical projection of the first opening (130) on the side wall of the boss (212) overlaps with a vertical projection of the first magnetic conductive sheet (243) on the side wall of the boss (212).

18. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 17, characterized in that A second mounting groove (111) is provided on the bottom plate (211), and the first magnetic conductive sheet (243) is located in the second mounting groove (111); the second mounting groove (111) is provided at one end of the coil (242) facing away from the side plate (213).

19. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that The driving component (24) comprises two first magnetic conductive sheets (243), and one end of the coil (242) facing the boss (212) is located between the two first magnetic conductive sheets (243).

20. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 2 to 19, characterized in that: The side wall of the boss (212) comprises a first semi-ring side wall (2121) and a second semi-ring side wall (2122) connected to each other; The variable aperture (20) further comprises: a second magnetic conductive sheet (29) disposed on the first semi-ring side wall (2121), the second magnetic conductive sheet (29) being used to be adsorbed with the magnet assembly (241); a vertical projection of the first opening (130) on the first semi-ring side wall (2121) overlaps with a vertical projection of the second magnetic conductive sheet (29) on the first semi-ring side wall (2121); A first rolling member (31) is disposed between the rotating bracket (22) and the bottom plate (211), and the first rolling member (31) Located on the side where the second semi-ring side wall (2122) is located; the rotating bracket (22) and the fixed seat (21) are in contact with the first rolling member (31), and the rotating bracket (22) is rotatably connected to the fixed seat (21) through the first rolling member (31).

21. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 20, characterized in that The variable aperture (20) further comprises: A second rolling member (32) is arranged between the rotating bracket (22) and the bottom plate (211), and the second rolling member (32) is located on the side where the first semi-ring side wall (2121) is located; an adjustment gap H1 is provided between the second rolling member (32) and the rotating bracket (22), and the range is 30 μm≤H1≤70 μm.

22. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 21, characterized in that The variable aperture (20) comprises: The two drive components (24) are respectively a first drive component (2401) and a second drive component (2402), wherein the first drive component (2401) is arranged on a side where the first semi-ring side wall (2121) is located; and the second drive component (2402) is arranged on a side where the second semi-ring side wall (2122) is located. two first rolling members (31), the second driving assembly (2402) being located between the two first rolling members (31); There are two second rolling members (32), and the first driving assembly (2401) is located between the two second rolling members (32).

23. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that: The rotating bracket (22) comprises: a second plastic part (2201); The second metal bracket (2202) is embedded in the second plastic part (2201), and the second metal bracket (2202) and the second plastic part (2201) are connected to form a second integrated structural part (2200); the magnet assembly (241) and the second metal bracket (2202) are connected and adsorbed to each other.

24. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that: In the same driving component (24), a vertical projection of the magnet component (241) on the rotating bracket (22) overlaps with a vertical projection of the coil (242) on the rotating bracket (22).

25. The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that: The fixing seat (21) further comprises: The bonding structure (35) is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate (211) facing away from the side plate (213).

26. The variable aperture (20) according to claim 25, characterized in that The vertical projection of the bonding structure (35) on the bottom plate (211) is a fan-shaped fan, the fan-shaped fan has a first arc-shaped side (351) and a second arc-shaped side (352), and the arc length of the first arc-shaped side (351) is greater than the arc length of the second arc-shaped side (352); Wherein, the first arcuate edge (351) is arranged relative to the second arcuate edge (352) and away from the boss (212).

27. A camera module (10), characterized in that: include: lens assembly (40); The variable aperture (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the variable aperture (20) is arranged on a light incident side of the lens assembly (40).

28. An electronic device (01), characterized in that include: A rear shell (03) and a camera module (10) as claimed in claim 27, wherein the camera module (10) is arranged on the rear shell (03).

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