A fully automatic screw disassembling device

Abstract

The application discloses a full-automatic screw dismounting device, a nut positioning mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder, a rotating cylinder and a positioning plate, the positioning plate is provided with a profiling positioning groove for embedding a nut, in the bolt rotating mechanism, a mounting frame is arranged at the output end of a lifting unit, a driving unit is arranged on the mounting frame, a rotating unit is arranged at the output end of the driving unit, and the rotating unit is driven to abut against the head of the bolt and drive the bolt to rotate, a bearing unit is arranged on the mounting frame, and the bearing unit is driven to bear the lower end of the head of the bolt which is separated from the nut but connected with the rotating unit. The nut is positioned through the profiling positioning groove, the head of the bolt is acted on by the driving rotating unit, the bolt is rotated relative to the nut, the screw dismounting action is completed, the screw dismounting action can be realized in a high efficient and automatic manner, the bolt which is separated from the nut is supported through the action end of the bearing unit, the bolt is facilitated to be separated from the locking hole of the transformer, and the subsequent blanking can be facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screw removal device technology, and in particular to a fully automatic screw removal device. Background Technology

[0002] In the assembly and recycling of electromechanical products, transformers, and electrical modules, the assembly and disassembly of bolts and nuts are critical processes. For example, when disassembling a transformer, it is necessary to remove the screws (a combination of bolts and nuts) used to fasten the transformer's cover and base. Currently, screw removal can be done manually using handheld power tools or with simple semi-automatic equipment. However, with the increasing demand for automated production and product recycling, traditional methods can no longer meet the requirements for efficient, stable, and automated disassembly.

[0003] In existing technologies, traditional methods of removing screws (a combination of bolts and nuts) have the following problems: 1. Poor disassembly stability: During disassembly, there is a lack of positioning of the nut, which easily rotates synchronously with the bolt, making it impossible to effectively loosen and separate the screws, and may even cause thread damage or product scratches; 2. Bolts are easy to fall off and are difficult to control: After the bolt and nut separate, they fall freely and are likely to fall into the product or equipment gaps, causing jamming, secondary damage, and hindering subsequent recycling and unloading; 3. Most equipment can only realize the bolt rotation action, but cannot efficiently complete actions such as automatic unloading. In most cases, manual assistance is still required, resulting in low efficiency and poor safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic screw removal device. It positions the nut using a contour positioning groove and drives a rotating unit to rotate the bolt relative to the nut to complete the screw removal action. This achieves efficient and automated screw removal. Furthermore, the bearing unit supports the bolt as it moves upward away from the nut, facilitating the bolt's release from the transformer's locking hole and making subsequent material unloading easier.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fully automatic screw removal device, comprising a first frame and a second frame, and: A positioning device includes a Y-axis module and a clamping mechanism disposed at the output end of the Y-axis module. The positioning device is used to move and position the product along a horizontal direction. The disassembly device includes an X-axis module, a Z-axis module, and a rotation module. The output end of the rotation module is provided with: A nut positioning mechanism includes a lifting cylinder, a rotary cylinder disposed at the output end of the lifting cylinder, and a positioning plate disposed at the output end of the rotary cylinder. The positioning plate is provided with a contour positioning groove for embedding and supporting the nut. A bolt rotating mechanism includes a lifting unit, a mounting frame, a drive unit, a rotating unit, and a bearing unit. The mounting frame is located at the output end of the lifting unit, the drive unit is located on the mounting frame, the rotating unit is located at the output end of the drive unit and is driven to abut against the head of the bolt and drive the bolt to rotate. The bearing unit is located on the mounting frame and is driven to support the lower end of the bolt head that is separated from the nut but connected to the rotating unit.

[0006] As a further optimization, the rotating unit includes a vertical cylinder, a mounting plate, a transmission component, and a sleeve component. A pair of vertical cylinders are mounted on a mounting frame, and the mounting plate is located at the output end of the pair of vertical cylinders. The sleeve component is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate for fitting the head of a bolt. The upper and lower ends of the transmission component are connected to the driving unit and the sleeve component, respectively, and are driven to rotate the sleeve component and the bolt.

[0007] As a further optimization, the transmission component includes a connecting post and a contoured protrusion formed on the lower end of the connecting post, the connecting post being connected to the output end of the drive unit; the sleeve component includes a sleeve and a limiting protrusion formed on the upper end of the sleeve, the sleeve having a contoured cavity formed therein that can mate with the head of the bolt, the sleeve being rotatably mounted on the mounting plate via the limiting protrusion; the connecting post passes through the mounting plate and extends into the contoured cavity, and the contoured protrusion is vertically movable and embedded in the contoured cavity, and can drive the sleeve to rotate.

[0008] As a further optimization, the mounting plate includes an upper plate and a bottom plate disposed at the lower end of the upper plate, with a receiving cavity provided between the upper plate and the bottom plate, and the upper end of the sleeve is rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity, and the upper plate is connected to the output end of the vertical cylinder.

[0009] As a further optimization, the bearing unit includes a horizontal cylinder and an L-shaped plate. The horizontal cylinder is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the L-shaped plate is located at the output end of the horizontal cylinder. The end of the L-shaped plate away from the horizontal cylinder is used to support the lower end of the head of the rotated bolt.

[0010] As a further optimization, the end of the L-shaped plate away from the horizontal cylinder is provided with an open support groove that can be used for bolt insertion, thereby achieving stable support for the bolt head.

[0011] As a further optimization, the positioning plate is also provided with an elastic pusher that can abut against the lower end of the bolt. The vertical projection of the elastic pusher is located within the vertical projection of the contour positioning groove, and the elastic pusher is used to provide upward support for the bolt.

[0012] As a further optimization, the elastic jacking component includes a mounting cylinder, an elastic element, a base, and a top column. The mounting cylinder has an inner cavity, and the base is slidably disposed in the inner cavity. The elastic element is disposed in the inner cavity, and its upper and lower ends abut against the bottom wall of the inner cavity and the lower end of the base, respectively. A limiting ring is provided on the side wall of the top column. The lower part of the top column is rotatably disposed on the base, and its upper part extends upward out of the mounting cylinder. The limiting ring abuts against the upper end face of the base and is horizontally rotatable within the inner cavity, and can abut against the top wall of the inner cavity through the action of the elastic element.

[0013] As a further optimization, the X-axis module includes a first slide plate and a first motor. The first slide plate is slidably mounted on a first frame via a guide rail pair. The first motor is mounted on the first slide plate and has a first gear at its output end. The first frame has a first toothed belt that can mesh with the first gear. The Z-axis module includes a vertical electric cylinder, which is mounted on the first slide plate and has its output end passing downward through the first slide plate and connected to the rotating module. The Z-axis module may also include a guide component for ensuring the vertical movement accuracy of the rotating module.

[0014] As a further optimization, the Y-axis module includes a second slide plate and a second motor. The second slide plate is slidably mounted on the second frame via a guide rail pair. The second motor is mounted on the second slide plate and has a second gear at its output end. The second frame has a second toothed belt that can mesh with the second gear.

[0015] As a further optimization, the clamping mechanism includes a push cylinder, a central gear, and a pair of clamping frames mounted on the Y-axis module. The pair of clamping frames are respectively mounted opposite each other on the Y-axis module via guide rails, and one of them is connected to the push cylinder. Each pair of clamping frames has a third toothed belt on one side closest to each other. The pair of third toothed belts can mesh with the central gear located between them. By synchronously driving the pair of clamping frames to move relative to each other, the product can be clamped to ensure the stability of the product.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The working ends of the nut positioning mechanism and the bolt rotating mechanism are moved to the bottom of the nut and the top of the bolt head, respectively. The nut is positioned by the contour positioning groove to ensure its stable posture. The rotating unit is driven to act on the head of the bolt, so that the bolt rotates relative to the nut to complete the screw removal action, which can realize efficient and automated screw removal. 2. The working end of the bearing unit can extend during the spiral upward movement of the bolt and receive the bolt that has detached from the nut. This helps the bolt to move upward and detach from the transformer's locking hole. The bolt can be unloaded after it has detached from the transformer's locking hole. Furthermore, since the nut can be unloaded through the flipping action of the positioning plate, the unloading of the nut and bolt after the screw removal action can be realized. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the disassembly device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the bolt rotating mechanism and the nut positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the bolt rotating mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram from another side view of the bolt rotating mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transmission component and sleeve component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the nut positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the nut positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the elastic pusher of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the positioning device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a fully automatic screw removal device includes a first frame 11, a second frame 12, a removal device 100, and a positioning device 200. The positioning device 200 is mounted on the second frame 12 and includes a Y-axis module 70 and a clamping mechanism 80 located at the output end of the Y-axis module 70. The positioning device 200 clamps the product through the clamping mechanism 80 and moves and positions the clamping mechanism 80 and the product along a horizontal direction (i.e., the Y-axis) via the Y-axis module 70, so that the removal device 100 can remove the screws from the product. The removal device 100 is mounted on the first frame 11 and includes an X-axis module 20, a Z-axis module 30, and a rotation module. 40. A nut positioning mechanism 50 and a bolt rotating mechanism 60, wherein the X-axis module 20, the Z-axis module 30, and the rotating module 40 form a moving mechanism, used to drive the nut positioning mechanism 50 and the bolt rotating mechanism 60 to move and / or rotate, so that they can move into place and align with the screw. The X-axis module 20 is set on the first frame 11, and the Z-axis module 30 is set at the output end of the X-axis module 20. Through the coordinated action of the X-axis module 20, the Z-axis module 30, and the Y-axis module 70, precise movement in three-dimensional space can be achieved. The rotating module 40 is set at the output end of the Z-axis module 30. The rotating module 40 can be a rotary motor 41, and is equipped with... The combined structure of the connecting platform 410 at the output end of the rotary motor 41 is such that the rotary motor 41 drives the connecting platform 410 to rotate horizontally. The connecting platform 410 is equipped with a nut positioning mechanism 50 and a bolt rotating mechanism 60. The nut positioning mechanism 50 includes a lifting cylinder 51 mounted on the connecting platform 410 via a vertical plate 500, a rotating cylinder 52 mounted at the output end of the lifting cylinder 51, and a positioning plate 53 mounted at the output end of the rotating cylinder 52. The end of the positioning plate 53 is provided with a contoured positioning groove 530 for embedding and supporting the nut 1001. The rotating cylinder 52 can drive the positioning plate 53 to rotate. The bolt rotating mechanism 60 includes... The device includes a lifting unit 61, a mounting bracket 62, a drive unit 63, a rotating unit 64, and a bearing unit 65. The lifting unit 61 is mounted on the connecting platform 410 and can be a lifting electric cylinder. The mounting bracket 62 is located at the output end of the lifting unit 61. The drive unit 63 can be an impact wrench and is mounted on the mounting bracket 62. The rotating unit 64 is located at the output end of the drive unit 63 and is driven to abut against the head of the bolt 1002 and drive the bolt 1002 to rotate. The bearing unit 65 is located on the mounting bracket 62 and is driven to support the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002, which is separated from the nut 1001 but connected to the rotating unit 64.

[0033] In this invention, the fully automatic screw-removing device is used on a transformer, combined with... Figure 14As shown, the cover and bottom shell of the transformer 1000 are locked together by a combination of bolts and nuts. Specifically, at the edges where the cover and bottom shell abut (multiple points B), bolts 1002, passing from top to bottom through the edges of both the cover and bottom shell, engage with nuts 1001 located at the lower end of the bottom shell edge. The lower end of the bolt head 1002 abuts against the upper end of the cover edge, and the upper end of the nut 1001 abuts against the lower end of the bottom shell edge, thus locking the cover to the bottom shell. When removing the screws from the transformer 1000, the present invention uses a nut positioning mechanism 50 to support and position the nut 1001, maintaining its state. Then, a bolt rotating mechanism 60 rotates the bolt 1002, causing the bolt 1002 to disengage from the nut 1001 during rotation, thereby completing the screw removal action. Specifically, the transformer 1000 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 80 in the positioning device 200, and moved along the Y direction by the Y-axis module 70 to position it below the disassembly device 100. The X-axis module 20, Z-axis module 30, and rotation module 40 in the disassembly device 100 work together to make the nut positioning mechanism 50 and the bolt rotation mechanism 60 located on the connecting platform 410 face the position on the transformer 1000 where the screws need to be removed, and are driven to position the working end of the nut positioning mechanism 50. Below the nut 1001 on the transformer 1000, and with the working end of the bolt rotating mechanism 60 positioned above the bolt 1002 on the transformer 1000, after the above actions are completed, the lifting cylinder 51 drives the rotating cylinder 52 to move the positioning plate 53 upward, so that the contour positioning groove 530 on the positioning plate 53 is fitted around the nut 1001 and supports the nut 1001. The contour positioning groove 530 cooperates with the structure of the nut 1001 to ensure the proper positioning of the nut 1001. When the state is stable, the lifting unit 61 moves, driving the rotating unit 64 to move downward and act on (e.g., on) the head of the bolt 1002, and drives it to rotate horizontally through the driving unit 63, thereby causing the head of the bolt 1002 to rotate. During the rotation of the bolt 1002, due to the support and positioning of the nut 1001 and the screw connection between the bolt 1002 and the nut 1001, the bolt 1002 moves upward and separates from the nut 1001. After the bolt 1002 moves upward a certain distance, the bearing unit 65 moves, and its working end extends and is located below at least part of the head of the bolt 1002. When the bolt 1002 and the nut 1001 are completely separated (there is no longer a screw connection between them so that the bolt 1002 cannot be supported by the screw structure), the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002 can be supported by the working end of the bearing unit 65, and since the head of the bolt 1002 is still abutted by the rotating unit 64, the bolt 1002 is positioned.Subsequently, the lifting unit 61 moves the bolt 1002 upward to disengage from the transformer 1000, and the lifting cylinder 51 moves the nut 1001 downward to disengage from the transformer 1000. There are two methods for unloading the bolt 1002 after the screws are removed: one is unloading the bolt 1002 separately, where the head of the bolt 1002 interacts with the rotating unit 64, and the lower end of its head is supported by the working end of the bearing unit 65. When the column of the bolt 1002 is located in the locking hole of the transformer 1000, because the bolt 1002 is laterally supported by the locking hole of the transformer 1000, it can move upward and disengage from the locking hole of the transformer 1000 under the action of the working end of the bearing unit 65. When the bolt 100... After the column of bolt 1002 disengages from the locking hole, its opposite side to the working end of the bearing unit 65 is no longer supported by the locking hole of the transformer 1000. Based on the contact surface (smaller contact surface) between the working end of the bearing unit 65 and the lower end of the head of bolt 1002, and / or the repositioning of the bearing unit 65, bolt 1002 can be lowered onto the upper end of the cover of the transformer 1000. For example, the working end of the bearing unit 65 and the lower end of the head of bolt 1002 have a small contact surface. Therefore, after losing the lateral support of the locking hole of the transformer 1000, bolt 1002 will be lowered from the space between the rotating unit 64 and the working end of the bearing unit 65, achieving tilted lowering and direct falling onto the cover of the transformer 1000, which can avoid... In one scenario, the bolt 1002 falls back into the locking hole of the transformer 1000 due to its vertical descent. Alternatively, the bolt 1002 and nut 1001 are fed simultaneously. The moving mechanism (a combination of X-axis module 20, Z-axis module 30, and rotating module 40) moves the nut positioning mechanism 50 and bolt rotating mechanism 60 away from the transformer 1000. The rotating cylinder 52 rotates the positioning plate 53 at a certain angle, allowing the nut 1001 located in the contour positioning groove 530 to be emptied (e.g., into the material frame). Simultaneously, the bearing unit 65 resets, and the lower end of the bolt 1002 head is no longer supported by the larger contact surface of the bearing unit 65's working end. The bolt 1002 located on the rotating unit 64 then falls off. (If it falls into the material frame), the action of bolt 1002 falling can be completed when the positioning plate 53 is rotated at a corresponding angle (e.g., 90°). After the positioning plate 53 is rotated, it can create a path for bolt 1002 to fall. After the above action is completed, the nut positioning mechanism 50 and the bolt rotating mechanism 60 are reset and moved to the next position by the moving mechanism to repeat the above screw removal action for another screw. It should be noted that since screws need to be removed in all four directions of the transformer 1000 (front, back, left, and right), after the screw removal action is completed in one direction, the nut positioning mechanism 50 and the bolt rotating mechanism 60 can be rotated 90° by the rotating module 40 in the moving mechanism to remove the screw in another adjacent direction.

[0034] In this invention, the working ends of the nut positioning mechanism 50 and the bolt rotating mechanism 60 are respectively moved to the lower part of the nut 1001 and the upper part of the head of the bolt 1002. The nut 1001 is positioned by the contour positioning groove 530 to ensure its stable posture. The rotating unit 64 is driven to act on the head of the bolt 1002, so that the bolt 1002 rotates relative to the nut 1001 to complete the screw removal action, which can realize efficient and automated screw removal. Moreover, the working end of the bearing unit 65 can extend during the spiral upward movement of the bolt 1002 and receive the bolt 1002 after it is separated from the nut 1001. This helps the bolt 1002 to move upward and get out of the locking hole of the transformer 1000. After the bolt 1002 is separated from the locking hole of the transformer 1000, it can be unloaded. Since the nut 1001 can be unloaded by the flipping action of the positioning plate 53, the automatic unloading of the nut 1001 and bolt 1002 after screw removal can be realized.

[0035] Combination Figures 4 to 7 As shown, preferably, the rotating unit 64 includes a vertical cylinder 641, a mounting plate 642, a transmission component 643, and a sleeve 644. A pair of vertical cylinders 641 are disposed opposite each other on the two side walls of the mounting frame 62. The mounting plate 642 is disposed at the output end of the pair of vertical cylinders 641. The sleeve 644 is rotatably disposed on the mounting plate 642 for fitting the head of the bolt 1002. The upper and lower ends of the transmission component 643 are respectively connected to the driving unit 63 and the sleeve 644, and are driven to rotate the sleeve 644 and the bolt 1002. The sleeve 644 can move up and down driven by the vertical cylinder 641. After being driven, it moves down to fit the head of the bolt 1002 and is connected to the transmission component 643. Under the action of the driving unit 63, the sleeve 644 rotates, thereby driving the bolt 1002 to rotate.

[0036] Specifically, the transmission component 643 is an integrally formed structure, including a connecting post 6431 and a contoured protrusion 6432 formed on the lower end of the connecting post 6431. The upper end of the connecting post 6431 is connected to the output end of the drive unit 63 through a connecting component 631 (such as a coupling). The sleeve component 644 is an integrally formed structure, including a sleeve 6441 and a limiting protrusion 6442 formed on the upper end of the sleeve 6441 and connected to the sleeve 6441. A contoured cavity 6440 is formed inside the sleeve 6441 that can cooperate with the head of the bolt 1002. The sleeve 6441 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 642 through the limiting protrusion 6442. The connecting post 6431 passes through the mounting plate 642 and extends into the contoured cavity 6440. The contoured protrusion 6432 is embedded in the contoured cavity 6440 and can drive the sleeve 6441 to rotate through cooperation with the contoured cavity 6440. Based on the above configuration, the cooperation between the contouring protrusion 6432 and the contouring cavity 6440 allows the contouring protrusion 6432 to drive the sleeve 6441 to rotate, and also allows the contouring protrusion 6432 to move up and down within the sleeve 6441 without disengaging from it. When action is required on the bolt 1002, the vertical cylinder 641 can drive the mounting plate 642 and the sleeve 6441 to move downwards, so that the contouring cavity 6440 fits onto the head of the bolt 1002. The connecting column 6431 and the contouring protrusion 6432 can be driven by the lifting unit 61. The moving part (and the vertical cylinder 641) moves downward, causing the contouring protrusion 6432 to move downward relative to the contouring cavity 6440. After it moves into place, the drive unit 63 drives the connecting column 6431 to rotate the contouring protrusion 6432. The contouring protrusion 6432 drives the sleeve 6441 to rotate through its cooperation with the contouring cavity 6440, and drives the head of the bolt 1002 to rotate through the contouring cavity 6440. Under the drive of the lifting unit 61 and the action of the vertical cylinder 641, the bolt 1002 moves upward and finally disengages from the locking hole of the transformer 1000. In this configuration, the contour cavity 6440 (sleeve 644) can be driven to move up and down by the vertical cylinder 641, and the contour protrusion 6432 (transmission component 643) can be driven to move up and down by the lifting unit 61. Under the action of different driving components, the contour protrusion 6432 can move up and down within the contour cavity 6440. When the screw is removed, if the head of the bolt 1002 is stuck in the contour cavity 6440 and cannot be released from the contour cavity 6440 by itself, the head of the bolt 1002 can be pushed out of the contour cavity 6440 by the contour protrusion 6432 being driven to move downward relative to the contour cavity 6440, thus preventing the bolt 1002 from getting stuck on the sleeve 6441.

[0037] Furthermore, the mounting plate 642 includes an upper plate 6421 and a bottom plate 6422 disposed at the lower end of the upper plate 6421. A receiving cavity 6420 is provided between the upper plate 6421 and the bottom plate 6422. The upper end of the sleeve 6441, i.e. the limiting protrusion 6442, is rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity 6420. The upper plate 6421 is connected to the output end of the vertical cylinder 641. Based on the above configuration, when assembling the relevant components, the sleeve 6441 is passed downward through the base plate 6422, and the limiting protrusion 6442 is rotatably abutted against the base plate 6422. The upper plate 6421 is covered by the base plate 6422 from top to bottom and the two are locked together. The sleeve 644 can be rotatably set on the mounting plate 642. The connecting post 6431 is inserted into the contour cavity 6440 from bottom to top. Its upper part passes through the sleeve 644 and the mounting plate 642 and is fixedly connected to the connecting member 631. The contour protrusion 6432 is movable up and down and is limited within the contour cavity 6440. It can be driven to rotate by the connecting post 6431 and drive the sleeve 6441 to rotate on the mounting plate 642.

[0038] Preferably, the bearing unit 65 includes a horizontal cylinder 651 and an L-shaped plate 652. The horizontal cylinder 651 is mounted on the mounting bracket 62, and the L-shaped plate 652 is located at the output end of the horizontal cylinder 651. The end of the L-shaped plate 652 away from the horizontal cylinder 651 is used to support the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002 after it has rotated and moved upward. The end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 652 is used to support the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002. When the horizontal section has a relatively small contact surface with the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002, a relatively small support surface is formed. Under the combined action of the support surface, the positioning effect of the contour cavity 6440 on the head of the bolt 1002, and the lateral support effect of the locking hole of the transformer 1000 on the column part of the bolt 1002 (relative to one side of the L-shaped plate 652), the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 652 can pull the bolt 1002 out of the locking hole of the transformer 1000. After the bolt 1002 is removed from the locking hole of the transformer 1000, it falls directly at an angle to the upper end of the cover of the transformer 1000 due to the disappearance of the lateral support. This embodiment can realize the separate cutting of the bolt 1002 and the nut 1001.

[0039] In another embodiment, when the end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 652 has a relatively large contact surface with the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002, a relatively large support surface is formed. This can ensure the stability of the bolt 1002 when it moves upward and disengages from the locking hole of the transformer 1000, and remain stably supported after disengaging from the locking hole of the transformer 1000, until it is discharged synchronously with the nut 1001. During discharge, the L-shaped plate 652 is driven by the horizontal cylinder 651 to reset and disengage from the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002, and the bolt 1002 can fall freely (falling into the material frame). Furthermore, the L-shaped plate 652 has an open support groove 6520 at one end away from the horizontal cylinder 651, which can be used for the insertion of the column portion of the bolt 1002. The support groove 6520 has an open structure, which allows the column portion of the bolt 1002 to enter smoothly, and also allows the end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 652 to have a larger contact surface with the lower end of the head of the bolt 1002, thus ensuring the stability of the support for the bolt 1002.

[0040] like Figure 9As shown, the positioning plate 53 includes a connecting section 531, an actuating section 532, a screw 533, and a rectangular spring 534. The connecting section 531 is located at the output end of the rotary cylinder 52, and has multiple through holes 5310 on one side. The actuating section 532 has multiple locking blind holes 5320 on one side. The contour positioning groove 530 is located on the actuating section 532 away from the locking blind holes 5320. The connecting section 531 abuts against the actuating section 532, so that the through holes 5310 and the locking blind holes 5320 are connected. The rectangular spring 534 is embedded in the through hole 5310 and its lower end abuts against the step located below the through hole 5310. The screw 533 extends into the through hole 5310 and passes through the rectangular spring 534. After 34, its lower part is locked in the locking blind hole 5320, and the upper part of the screw 533 abuts against the upper end of the rectangular spring 534. The connection between the connecting section 531 and the action section 532 is achieved through the above arrangement. However, when the action section 532 is subjected to a downward force, it can drive the screw 533 to move down and compress the rectangular spring 534, so that the screw 533 can move down relative to the through hole 5310. That is, the action section 532 moves down a certain distance relative to the connecting section 531. When the downward force on the action section 532 disappears, the rectangular spring 534 returns to its original state, thereby driving the screw 533 and the action section 532 to reset. The action section 532 abuts against the lower end of the connecting section 531.Based on the above settings, the contour positioning groove 530 can be fitted onto the nut 1001. Specifically, the camera 33, mounted on the output end of the Z-axis module 30, can guide the X-axis module 20, Z-axis module 30, and other structures to coordinate their movements, so that the working end of the nut positioning mechanism 50 (contour positioning groove 530) and the working end of the bolt rotating mechanism 60 (contour cavity 6440) are respectively located below the nut 1001 and above the head of the bolt 1002, and the sleeve 6441... The sleeve 6441 is driven to move downward so that its contour cavity 6440 can be fitted onto the head of the bolt 1002. During the downward movement, the sleeve 6441 is driven to rotate slowly. When the contour cavity 6440 is correctly aligned with the head of the bolt 1002, the sleeve 6441 moves downward so that the head of the bolt 1002 is completely embedded in the contour cavity 6440. At the same time, the lifting cylinder 51 drives the positioning plate 53 to move upward to complete the fitting action of the contour positioning groove 530 onto the nut 1001. When the positioning groove 530 and the nut 1001 are not aligned, the end of the action section 532 abuts against the nut 1001 and receives a downward force. The action section 532 can move down a certain distance relative to the connecting section 531. As the head of the bolt 1002 is fully embedded in the contour cavity 6440 and continues to be driven to rotate slowly, the bolt 1002 can drive the nut 1001 to rotate at a small angle. When the nut 1001 rotates to be fully aligned with the contour positioning groove 530, the force abutting against the action section 532 disappears, the rectangular spring 534 returns to its original state, and drives the screw 533 and the action section 532 to reset. The contour positioning groove 530 on the action section 532 is fully fitted onto the nut 1001. After the heads of the nut 1001 and the bolt 1002 are accurately fitted, the sleeve 6441 is driven to rotate rapidly. Under the premise that the posture of the nut 1001 is fixed, the bolt 1002 and the nut 1001 can be separated. It should be noted that for the sleeve 6441 being driven to rotate and fully align with the head of the bolt 1002, and for the bolt 1002 driving the nut 1001 to rotate and fully align with the contour positioning groove 530, since the outer contour of the horizontal cross-section of each component is a regular hexagon (hexagonal bolt, hexagonal nut), only a small rotation angle is needed to achieve precise alignment. Additionally, for example... Figures 3 to 5As shown, a first buffer assembly 411 can also be set on the connecting platform 410. The first buffer assembly 411 can be a plate that can be slidably set at the lower end of the connecting platform 410 via a guide rail pair, and a spring is set on the plate to abut against the connecting platform. The vertical plate 500 in the nut positioning mechanism 50 is set on the plate, which can realize a slight buffer translation of the plate driving the nut positioning mechanism 50, which helps the contour positioning groove 530 to position the nut 1001. Similarly, a second buffer assembly 611 can be set at the output end of the lifting unit 61. The second buffer assembly 611 can be a combination of a horizontal plate, a lifting column, and a spring sleeved on the lifting column. The horizontal plate is set on the lifting unit 610. At the output end of 1, four lifting columns are connected to the upper end of the mounting bracket 62 and can slide up and down on the horizontal plate. The upper and lower ends of the spring abut against the horizontal plate and the mounting bracket 62 respectively. The second buffer assembly 611 can realize the buffer lifting in the vertical direction. For example, when the sleeve 6441 is driven to rotate slowly to align with the head of the bolt 1002, the lower end of the sleeve 6441 abuts against the upper end of the bolt 1002 and compresses the spring (second buffer assembly 611). When the two are aligned, the lower end of the sleeve 6441 is no longer abutted and supported, and the spring returns to its original state, pressing the sleeve 6441 down so that the contour cavity 6440 is fitted onto the head of the bolt 1002.

[0041] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in another embodiment, the positioning plate 53 is further provided with an elastic pushing member 54 that can abut against the lower end of the bolt 1002. The vertical projection of the elastic pushing member 54 is located within the vertical projection of the contour positioning groove 530. Based on the above configuration, when the positioning plate 53 is driven upward so that the contour positioning groove 530 is fitted onto the nut 1001 and supports and positions the nut 1001, the elastic pushing member 54 is compressed by the abutment of the lower end of the bolt 1002. When the bolt 1002 is driven spirally upward by the bolt rotating mechanism 60, the elastic pushing member 54 is slowly released, and its upper end moves upward and continues to abut against and support the lower end of the bolt 1002. When the bolt 1002 and the nut 1001 are separated from each other, the upper end of the elastic pushing member 54 can continue to push the bolt 1002 upward. The fixed distance and support of bolt 1002 help the lower end of the bolt 1002 head to move upward, so that the horizontal section of L-shaped plate 652 can extend into the lower part of the bolt 1002 head to support the bolt 1002 head; the setting of elastic pusher 54 helps to improve the situation where the lower end face of bolt 1002 head is too small to extend into the horizontal section of L-shaped plate 652 when the bolt connection structure between bolt 1002 and nut 1001 is relatively short, or when the bolt connection structure is partially damaged so that bolt 1002 cannot move upward effectively a certain distance.

[0042] Specifically, the elastic jacking component 54 includes a mounting cylinder 541, an elastic element 542, a base 543, and a jacking column 544. The mounting cylinder 541 can be a structure consisting of two slotted components arranged opposite each other and connected by screws, snap-fits, welding, etc., forming an inner cavity 5410. The base 543 can slide up and down in the inner cavity 5410. The elastic element 542 can be a spring, which is disposed in the inner cavity 5410, with its upper and lower ends respectively connected to the inner cavity 5410. The bottom wall of 410 abuts against the lower end of the base 543. A limiting ring 5441 is provided on the side wall of the top column 544. The lower part of the top column 544 is rotatably set in the rotating support groove 5430 at the upper end of the base 543. The upper part extends upward out of the mounting cylinder 541. The limiting ring 5441 abuts against the upper end face of the base 543 and is located in the inner cavity 5410 and can rotate horizontally. It can also abut against the top wall of the inner cavity 5410 through the action of the elastic element 542. In application, the top post 544 is located below the bolt 1002. When it initially abuts against the bolt 1002, the top post 544 is pressed down, which in turn drives the base 543 to move down and compress the elastic element 542. When the bolt 1002 spirals upward, the degree of compression of the elastic element 542 gradually decreases, and the elastic element 542 gradually returns to its original shape, pushing the base 543 and the top post 544 to move upward so that the top post 544 maintains contact with the lower end of the bolt 1002. After the bolt 1002 separates from the screwed structure of the nut 1001, the elastic element 542 continues to release, causing the top post 544 to continue to push the bolt 1002 upward a certain distance. The top post 544 has a limiting ring 5441, which can abut against the inner edge 5411 of the top wall of the inner cavity 5410 without disengaging from the inner cavity 5410. Due to the interaction between the limiting ring 5441 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 5410, the top post 544 can achieve both rotational and vertical movement, which is beneficial for abutting against the rotating bolt 1002. Furthermore, the upper end face of the top post 544 can be designed as an arc-shaped structure 5440. It should be noted that the elastic pushing member 54 can be designed as a detachable structure relative to the positioning plate 53. That is, the elastic pushing member 54 can be connected to the positioning plate 53 via its mounting sleeve 541 through snap-fit, screw-fit, or other means, allowing for quick removal or installation.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the X-axis module 20 includes a first slide plate 211 and a first motor 213. The first slide plate 211 is slidably mounted on the first frame 11 via a first guide rail pair 212. The first motor 213 is mounted on the first slide plate 211 and has a first gear 214 at its output end. The first frame 11 has a first toothed belt 215 that can mesh with the first gear 214. The first motor 213 drives the first gear 214 to rotate. Through the meshing action of the first gear 214 and the first toothed belt 215, the first slide plate 211 and the Z-axis module 30 located on the first slide plate 211 can be translated. Z-axis module 30 includes a vertical electric cylinder 31, which is mounted on the first slide plate 211 and its output end passes downward through the first slide plate 211 and is connected to the rotating module 40. The vertical electric cylinder 31 drives the rotating module 40 and the components located on the rotating module 40 to move up and down. To ensure vertical movement accuracy, the Z-axis module may also include a guide component that can be used to ensure the vertical movement accuracy of the rotating module 40. That is, a guide sleeve 321 is provided on the first slide plate 211, and the output end of the vertical electric cylinder 31 is connected to a guide rod 322 through an extension plate. The guide rod 322 is slidably mounted in the guide sleeve 321.

[0044] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the Y-axis module 70 includes a second slide plate 711 and a second motor 713. The second slide plate 711 is slidably mounted on the second frame 12 via a second guide rail pair 712. The second motor 713 is mounted on the second slide plate 711 and has a second gear 714 at its output end. The second frame 12 has a second toothed belt 715 that can mesh with the second gear 714. The second motor 713 drives the second gear 714 to rotate. Through the meshing action of the second gear 714 and the second toothed belt 715, the second slide plate 711 and the clamping mechanism 80 located on the second slide plate 711 can be translated.

[0045] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism 80 includes a push cylinder 85, a central gear 84, and a pair of clamping frames disposed on the second slide plate 711 of the Y-axis module 70. The pair of clamping frames are a first clamping frame 811 and a second clamping frame 812. The first clamping frame 811 and the second clamping frame 812 are respectively disposed opposite to each other on the second slide plate 711 via a third guide rail pair 82. One of them, such as the first clamping frame 811, is connected to the push cylinder 85 through a side plate 8111. Both clamping frames are provided with a third toothed belt, such as the first clamping frame 811 having a left third toothed belt 831 and the second clamping frame 812 having a right third toothed belt 832. The pair of third toothed belts can mesh with the central gear 84 located between them. When the push cylinder 85 is actuated, if its output end pushes the side plate 8111, the first clamping frame 811 is pushed. During its movement, the left third toothed belt 831 located on it drives the central gear 84 to rotate through meshing with the central gear 84. The rotation of the central gear 84 drives the right third toothed belt 832 to move through meshing with the right third toothed belt 832, thereby driving the second clamping frame 812 to move. Since the opposite sides of the central gear 84 are respectively connected to the left third toothed belt 831 and the right third toothed belt 832, the second clamping frame 812 is also pushed and moves in the opposite direction to the first clamping frame 811. This increases the distance between the working ends of the pair of clamping frames and releases the clamped transformer 1000. Similarly, when the output end of the flat-push cylinder 85 moves in the opposite direction, it can clamp the transformer 1000 between the pair of clamping frames, ensuring the positional stability of the transformer 1000 on the second slide plate 711.

[0046] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fully automatic screw removal device, comprising a first frame and a second frame, characterized in that, Also includes: A positioning device includes a Y-axis module and a clamping mechanism disposed at the output end of the Y-axis module. The positioning device is used to move and position the product along a horizontal direction. The disassembly device includes an X-axis module, a Z-axis module, and a rotation module. The output end of the rotation module is provided with: A nut positioning mechanism includes a lifting cylinder, a rotary cylinder disposed at the output end of the lifting cylinder, and a positioning plate disposed at the output end of the rotary cylinder. The positioning plate is provided with a contour positioning groove for embedding and supporting the nut. A bolt rotating mechanism includes a lifting unit, a mounting frame, a drive unit, a rotating unit, and a bearing unit. The mounting frame is located at the output end of the lifting unit, the drive unit is located on the mounting frame, the rotating unit is located at the output end of the drive unit and is driven to abut against the head of the bolt and drive the bolt to rotate. The bearing unit is located on the mounting frame and is driven to support the lower end of the bolt head that is separated from the nut but connected to the rotating unit.

2. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating unit includes a vertical cylinder, a mounting plate, a transmission component, and a sleeve component. A pair of vertical cylinders are mounted on a mounting frame, and the mounting plate is located at the output end of the pair of vertical cylinders. The sleeve component is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate for mounting the head of a bolt. The upper and lower ends of the transmission component are connected to the driving unit and the sleeve component, respectively, and the transmission component drives the sleeve component and the bolt to rotate.

3. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission component includes a connecting post and a contoured protrusion formed at the lower end of the connecting post. The connecting post is connected to the output end of the drive unit. The sleeve component includes a sleeve and a limiting protrusion formed at the upper end of the sleeve. The sleeve has a contoured cavity formed inside that can mate with the head of the bolt. The sleeve is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate through the limiting protrusion. The connecting post passes through the mounting plate and extends into the contoured cavity. The contoured protrusion is movable up and down and embedded in the contoured cavity, and can drive the sleeve to rotate.

4. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting plate includes an upper plate and a bottom plate disposed at the lower end of the upper plate. A receiving cavity is provided between the upper plate and the bottom plate. The upper end of the sleeve is rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity. The upper plate is connected to the output end of the vertical cylinder.

5. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing unit includes a horizontal cylinder and an L-shaped plate. The horizontal cylinder is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the L-shaped plate is located at the output end of the horizontal cylinder. The end of the L-shaped plate away from the horizontal cylinder is used to support the lower end of the head of the rotated bolt.

6. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The L-shaped plate has an open support groove at one end away from the horizontal cylinder, which can be used for bolt insertion.

7. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning plate is also provided with an elastic pushing member that can abut against the lower end of the bolt, and the vertical projection of the elastic pushing member is located within the vertical projection of the contour positioning groove.

8. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis module includes a first slide plate and a first motor. The first slide plate is slidably mounted on a first frame via a guide rail pair. The first motor is mounted on the first slide plate and has a first gear at its output end. The first frame has a first toothed belt that can mesh with the first gear. The Z-axis module includes a vertical electric cylinder, which is mounted on the first slide plate and has its output end passing downward through the first slide plate and connected to the rotating module.

9. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis module includes a second slide plate and a second motor. The second slide plate is slidably mounted on a second frame via a guide rail pair. The second motor is mounted on the second slide plate and has a second gear at its output end. The second frame has a second toothed belt that can mesh with the second gear.

10. The fully automatic screw removal device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a push cylinder, a central gear, and a pair of clamping frames disposed on the Y-axis module. The pair of clamping frames are respectively disposed opposite to each other on the Y-axis module via guide rail pairs, and one of them is connected to the push cylinder. Each of the pair of clamping frames is provided with a third toothed belt on the side closest to each other, and the pair of third toothed belts can mesh with the central gear located between them.

Images