PCB board etching machine
By vertically fixing the PCB substrate and simultaneously spraying and etching both sides of it, combined with automatic feeding and unloading and adaptive spray range adjustment, the problem of uneven etching caused by gravity in the existing technology is solved, and a highly efficient and economical etching effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing PCB etching machines, the etching time of the upper and lower surfaces is inconsistent due to gravity in the spray etching process, which affects the etching efficiency and consistency. In addition, the residual etching solution requires additional cleaning treatment, which increases the complexity and cost of the equipment.
The PCB substrate is vertically fixed and simultaneously sprayed with etching solution on both sides. Automatic feeding and unloading are achieved by combining a limiting structure and a controllable moving pneumatic suction cup. The supply of etching solution is controlled by a squeezing rod and a control rod. An adaptive spray range adjustment structure is used to ensure the uniformity and continuity of etching.
It improves the consistency and efficiency of PCB substrate etching, reduces etching solution consumption and waste liquid treatment costs, and enhances operational continuity and economy.
Smart Images
Figure CN122395836A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCB manufacturing equipment technology, and in particular to a PCB etching machine. Background Technology
[0002] PCB etching machines are core equipment in the printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing process. They primarily use chemical etching to selectively remove copper layers from non-circuit areas of the substrate surface to form precise conductive patterns. To improve operational continuity and production efficiency, existing etching equipment generally employs a spray etching process—the PCB substrate is continuously or intermittently transported via a horizontal conveyor, while spray units positioned above and below the transport path uniformly spray etching solution onto the substrate surface, achieving highly efficient etching. However, due to the limitations of the spray process's working principle, this method has the following inherent drawbacks in practical applications: First, due to the objective existence of gravity, the retention time of the etching solution on the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate differs. The etching solution adhering to the lower surface is more likely to drip and be replaced more quickly under gravity, resulting in a relatively shorter effective etching time. On the other hand, the upper surface is more prone to liquid accumulation and has a slower drainage, resulting in a significantly longer etching solution retention time. It is this inconsistency in etching time between the upper and lower surfaces that not only makes it difficult to control the etching degree on both sides of the PCB substrate synchronously, but also affects the overall etching efficiency and process consistency.
[0003] Secondly, due to the long retention time of the etching solution on the upper surface, excess etching solution and its reaction byproducts often remain on the substrate surface after etching. If not removed in time, these residues will continue to react with the substrate surface, leading to over-etching or surface contamination. Therefore, existing processes usually require additional cleaning or neutralization steps to specifically address the upper surface residue problem. Obviously, this increases the complexity of the equipment and manufacturing costs, and also disrupts the continuity of operations, extending the production cycle. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a PCB etching machine capable of performing etching operations uniformly and efficiently, aiming to address the deficiencies of the prior art mentioned in the background section.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a PCB board etching machine, comprising: a frame; The upper and lower guide grooves are fixedly connected inside the frame shell; The upper and lower support frames are fixedly connected inside the frame shell and are respectively set with guide grooves corresponding to each layer; Two sets of drive rollers, each set including two drive rollers, are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of each layer of support frame; Two sets of transmission belts are respectively wound between two drive rollers in two sets of drive rollers. The transmission belts are limited to sliding in the guide grooves, and the support frame is placed on the inner side of the transmission belts. The fixing unit is fixedly installed on the transmission belt. There are at least three sets of fixing units, which are evenly spaced along the length of the transmission belt. The positions of the fixing units on the upper and lower sets of transmission belts correspond one-to-one, so as to work together to clamp and fix the PCB substrate. The driving component is located in the frame and is connected to one of the two sets of driving rollers to drive the two sets of transmission belts to rotate synchronously. Storage bucket, fixedly connected to the frame shell; The support block is fixedly connected inside the frame shell; The connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the support block, and its upper end is connected and communicates with the storage tank. And the sprinkler, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting pipe and is connected to the connecting pipe; The spray structure, consisting of support blocks, connecting pipes, and sprayers, has an even number of groups, at least two, and is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixing unit. All sprayers spray towards the fixing unit. The spray range of the sprayers covers the effective area of the PCB substrate that the fixing unit can fix.
[0006] Furthermore, each set of the fixing units includes: an electrically controlled push rod, fixedly connected to the transmission belt; And a clamping seat, which is fixedly connected to the end of the electric actuator.
[0007] Furthermore, the contact surface between the clamp and the PCB substrate adopts a structural design with protruding sides and a recessed center.
[0008] Furthermore, the driving component includes: a first motor, which is fixedly connected inside the frame housing; The drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the frame housing, and the output end of the first motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive shaft; And a bevel gear set, which is set between the drive shaft and one of the two sets of drive rollers. Each bevel gear set includes two meshing bevel gears, which are respectively fixed to the drive shaft and the drive roller in the corresponding set that is close to the drive shaft.
[0009] Furthermore, the etching machine also includes: a fixed frame, which is fixedly connected inside the frame housing and is located on the front side of the starting position of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction; The first cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and its telescopic rod can extend and retract in the front and rear directions. The pneumatic suction cup is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the first cylinder and is driven by the first cylinder to move in the front-back direction. The pneumatic suction cup is used to actively adsorb or release PCB substrates. The second cylinder is fixedly connected to the frame and is located on the rear side of the starting position of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction. Its telescopic rod can extend and retract in the vertical direction. The limiting seat is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the second cylinder; The limiting structure consisting of the second cylinder and the limiting seat is provided in two sets, and the two sets of limiting structures are arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower parts. The feeding rack is slidably connected to the limiting seat of the lower limiting structure, and can move along the limiting seat in the back-and-forth direction under drive; The limiting frame is rotatably connected to the front side of the limiting seat of each group of limiting structures, and is used to limit the position of the PCB substrate; And a first reset torsion spring, sleeved on both ends of the rotating shaft of each limiting frame, and the two ends of each first reset torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the limiting frame and the limiting seat.
[0010] Furthermore, the etching machine also includes: a second motor, which is fixedly connected to the limiting seat of the lower limiting structure; Two lead screws are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the limit seat of the lower limit structure, respectively, and both are threadedly engaged with the feeding frame; And a timing belt assembly, located between two lead screws.
[0011] Furthermore, the etching machine also includes: an extrusion rod, which is fixedly connected to the upper transmission belt, and the extrusion rod is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the fixed unit; The switch plate is rotatably connected to the inside of each connecting pipe. It closes the internal cross-section of the connecting pipe by rotating. The switch plate is located above the sprayer. The control lever is rotatably connected to the support block and is coaxially fixedly connected to the switch plate. During the operation of the transmission belt, the pressing rod moves with the transmission belt and contacts the control lever to engage in transmission. And a second reset torsion spring, which is sleeved on the control rod, with both ends of each second reset torsion spring fixedly connected to the control rod and the support block, respectively.
[0012] Furthermore, the etching machine also includes: a control frame, which is fixedly connected to the clamping seats of each fixed unit on the lower transmission belt; The sealing plate is slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of each sprayer; The transmission frame is fixedly connected to the lower closed plate. Its main body is a sloping structure, and the fixing unit can contact and cooperate with the transmission frame during movement. The toothed frame is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of each enclosed plate and slides in conjunction with the sprayer; The transmission gears are rotatably connected to both sides of each sprayer. The transmission gears at each side position mesh with the toothed frames at the upper and lower ends of the corresponding sprayer side to drive the closed plates at the upper and lower ends to move synchronously in opposite directions. And a return spring, which is fixedly connected between the toothed frame and the sprayer.
[0013] The beneficial effects are: the present invention adopts a vertically fixed PCB substrate and simultaneously sprays and etches both sides of it, so that the etching solution retention time on both sides of the PCB substrate is symmetrical with the reaction conditions, thereby eliminating the etching difference caused by gravity, thus improving the consistency and overall efficiency of the PCB substrate etching of the present invention.
[0014] This invention achieves automatic PCB substrate feeding through a limiting structure combined with a controllable pneumatic suction cup. Combined with the self-unloading function achieved by the fixed unit releasing the PCB substrate, this invention enables continuous supply and discharge of PCB substrates, further improving operational continuity and efficiency.
[0015] This invention achieves automatic activation of the etching solution supply only when the PCB substrate passes through the spraying area, and immediate shutdown after it leaves, through a pressing rod that moves synchronously with the fixed unit, a control rod that cooperates with the pressing rod, and a switch board driven by the control rod and the second reset torsion spring. This avoids ineffective spraying of the etching solution, reduces etching solution consumption and operating costs, and reduces the burden of waste liquid treatment, further improving the continuous operation efficiency and economy of this invention.
[0016] This invention achieves adaptive adjustment of the spray range height to the PCB substrate height by setting a control frame that moves with the clamping seat, adopting a transmission frame with an inclined structure and a closed plate structure, thereby reducing the waste of etching solution, reducing the waste of etching solution and the cost of waste liquid treatment, while ensuring accurate etching of PCB substrates of different specifications, and improving the versatility and economy of this invention. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the internal overall structure of the frame shell in this invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a separation diagram of the connection structure between the fixing unit and the driving component in this invention.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view showing the position and structure of the sprayer and fixing unit within the frame in this invention.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the storage tank, connecting pipe and sprayer in this invention.
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the pneumatic suction cup, the limiting seat, and the feeding rack in this invention.
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure between the pneumatic suction cup and the limiting seat and the PCB rigid board in this invention.
[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the limiting seat, the feeding rack, and the limiting frame in this invention.
[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional structure of the transmission belt, fixing unit, extrusion rod, and control rod in this invention.
[0026] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure of the switch board inside the connecting pipe in this invention.
[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional structure of the clamping seat, control frame, enclosed plate, and transmission frame in this invention.
[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sealing plate and the sprayer in this invention.
[0029] In the attached drawings, the following are the reference numerals: 01_PCB substrate, 11_frame, 12_guide groove, 13_support frame, 14_drive roller, 15_transmission belt, 16_fixing unit, 1601_electrically controlled push rod, 1602_clamping seat, 17_drive component, 1701_first motor, 1702_drive shaft, 1703_bevel gear set, 21_storage tank, 22_support block, 23_connecting pipe, 24_sprayer, 31_fixed frame, 32_first Cylinder, 33_Pneumatic suction cup, 34_Second cylinder, 35_Limit seat, 36_Feeding rack, 3701_Second motor, 3702_Lead screw, 3703_Synchronous belt assembly, 38_Limit frame, 39_First reset torsion spring, 41_Extrusion rod, 42_Switch board, 43_Control rod, 44_Second reset torsion spring, 51_Control frame, 52_Enclosed plate, 53_Transmission frame, 54_Geared frame, 55_Transmission gear, 56_Reset spring. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0031] Example: A PCB etching machine, see reference Figures 1-3The system includes: a frame 11; upper and lower guide grooves 12, fixedly installed inside the frame 11; upper and lower support frames 13, fixedly installed inside the frame 11 and respectively corresponding to the guide grooves 12; two sets of drive rollers 14, each set including two drive rollers 14, rotatably installed at the left and right ends of each support frame 13; and two sets of transmission belts 15, respectively wound around the two drive rollers 14 in the two sets of drive rollers 14, with the transmission belts 15 slidingly limited in the guide grooves 12, and the support frames 13 padding inside the transmission belts 15 to ensure stability. While maintaining sufficient conveying length of the transmission belt 15, it provides stable and reliable support for the transmission belt 15; the fixing unit 16 is fixedly installed on the transmission belt 15, and at least three sets of fixing units 16 are provided and are evenly spaced along the length direction of the transmission belt 15. The positions of the fixing units 16 on the upper and lower sets of transmission belts 15 correspond one to one, so as to work together to clamp and fix the PCB substrate 01; the driving component 17 is located in the frame 11 and is connected to one of the two sets of driving rollers 14 to drive the two sets of transmission belts 15 to rotate synchronously.
[0032] See Figure 3 Each set of fixing units 16 includes: an electrically controlled push rod 1601, which is fixedly installed on the transmission belt 15; and a clamping seat 1602, which is fixedly installed on the end of the electrically controlled push rod 1601. The contact surface between the clamping seat 1602 and the PCB substrate 01 adopts a structure design with protruding sides and a recessed center to prevent the PCB substrate 01 from shifting and to ensure that it is stably clamped in the center. At the same time, the clamping seat 1602 located in the lower layer can also form a guide groove through this structure to guide the etching solution to drain smoothly.
[0033] See Figure 3 The driving component 17 includes: a first motor 1701, which is fixedly installed inside the frame housing 11; a transmission shaft 1702, which is rotatably installed inside the frame housing 11, and the output end of the first motor 1701 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 1702; and a bevel gear set 1703, which is disposed between the transmission shaft 1702 and one of the two sets of driving rollers 14. Each bevel gear set 1703 includes two meshing bevel gears, and the two bevel gears are respectively fixed to the transmission shaft 1702 and the corresponding driving roller 14 close to the transmission shaft 1702.
[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The etching machine also includes: a storage tank 21, fixedly installed on the top of the frame 11; a support block 22, fixedly installed inside the frame 11; a connecting pipe 23, fixedly installed on the support block 22, with its upper end connected and communicating with the storage tank 21; and a sprayer 24, fixedly installed on the lower part of the connecting pipe 23 and communicating with the connecting pipe 23. The spraying structure consisting of the support block 22, the connecting pipe 23, and the sprayer 24 is provided in six sets, and is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixing unit 16. The spraying direction of all sprayers 24 is towards the fixing unit 16. The spraying range of the sprayer 24 covers the effective area of the PCB substrate 01 that can be fixed by the fixing unit 16.
[0035] During operation, the PCB substrate 01 is placed between the clamping seats 1602 of the two sets of fixing units 16 in the corresponding positions. The electric push rod 1601 is operated to extend its end, so that the clamping seats 1602 of the two sets of fixing units 16 work together to clamp and fix the PCB substrate 01, completing the loading operation. Subsequently, the first motor 1701 is started, which drives the two sets of drive rollers 14 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 1702 and two sets of bevel gears 1703, so that the fixing units 16 stably clamp the PCB substrate 01 and pass it through each set of spray structures in sequence. During this process, the sprayer 24 sprays the etching solution contained in the storage tank 21 evenly onto both sides of the PCB substrate 01, so that both sides of the PCB substrate 01 obtain a uniform etching effect at the same time, thereby improving the etching consistency and etching efficiency. The etching solution after the reaction falls and is discharged naturally under the action of gravity, without the need for additional post-processing of the PCB substrate 01.
[0036] To address the issue of inconsistent etching times on the upper and lower surfaces due to gravity in existing spray etching processes, this etching machine adopts a vertically fixed PCB substrate 01 and simultaneously sprays and etches both sides of it. This ensures that the etching solution retention time and reaction conditions on both sides of the PCB substrate 01 are symmetrical, thereby eliminating etching differences caused by gravity and improving the consistency and overall efficiency of the etching machine for the PCB substrate.
[0037] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The etching machine also includes: a fixed frame 31, fixedly installed inside the frame housing 11, located in front of the starting position of the conveyor belt 15 in the conveying direction; a first cylinder 32, fixedly installed on the fixed frame 31, whose telescopic rod can extend and retract in the front-back direction; a pneumatically controlled suction cup 33, fixedly installed on the end of the telescopic rod of the first cylinder 32, driven by the first cylinder 32 to move in the front-back direction, the pneumatically controlled suction cup 33 being used to actively adsorb or release the PCB substrate 01; a second cylinder 34, fixedly installed on the frame housing 11, located behind the starting position of the conveyor belt 15 in the conveying direction, whose telescopic rod can extend and retract in the up-down direction; and a limiting seat 35, fixedly installed on the end of the telescopic rod of the second cylinder 34; the limiting structure composed of the second cylinder 34 and the limiting seat 35 is provided in two sets, and the two sets of limiting structures are arranged vertically opposite each other. The arrangement includes: a feeding rack 36, which is slidably mounted on the limiting seat 35 of the lower limiting structure and can move along the limiting seat 35 in the back-and-forth direction; a second motor 3701, which is fixedly mounted on the limiting seat 35 of the lower limiting structure; two lead screws 3702, which are rotatably mounted on the left and right sides of the limiting seat 35 of the lower limiting structure, and both are threadedly engaged with the feeding rack 36; a synchronous belt group 3703, which is set between the two lead screws 3702 to realize synchronous rotation transmission between the two; a limiting frame 38, which is rotatably mounted on the front side of the limiting seat 35 of each limiting structure to limit the position of the PCB substrate 01; and a first reset torsion spring 39, which is sleeved on both ends of the rotating shaft of each limiting frame 38, and both ends of each first reset torsion spring 39 are fixedly connected to the limiting frame 38 and the limiting seat 35, respectively.
[0038] During operation, a suitable amount of PCB substrate 01 is placed between the limiting seats 35 of the two sets of limiting structures. The second cylinder 34 is operated to extend its telescopic rod, so that the upper and lower limiting seats 35 move closer to each other, thereby restricting all PCB substrates 01 between them. Then, the second motor 3701 is started, and the feeder 36 is driven to move forward through the lead screw 3702 until the feeder 36 abuts against the last PCB substrate 01, while the foremost PCB substrate 01 abuts against the limiting frame 38. When the fixing unit 16 moves to the starting position of the conveying direction of the transmission belt 15 and pauses intermittently, the first cylinder 32 extends its telescopic rod, causing the pneumatic suction cup 33 to move backward and contact and adsorb the PCB substrate 01 at the foremost side of the limiting seat 35; then, the first cylinder 32 retracts its telescopic rod, causing the pneumatic suction cup 33 and the adsorbed PCB substrate 01 to move forward, thereby transferring the PCB substrate 01 between the clamping seats 1602 of the upper and lower fixing units 16; at this time, the electric control push rods 1601 of the upper and lower fixing units 16 extend, clamp and fix the PCB substrate 01, and control the pneumatic suction cup 33 to release the PCB substrate 01, completing one automatic feeding cycle. As the PCB substrate 01 moves forward and leaves the limiting seat 35, the limiting frame 38 is pushed to rotate, causing the first reset torsion spring 39 to twist. After the PCB substrate 01 is completely separated from the limiting frame 38, the first reset torsion spring 39 quickly resets the limiting frame 38, causing it to re-limit the remaining PCB substrate 01 on the limiting seat 35. At the same time, the feeding rack 36 pushes the remaining PCB substrate 01 forward by the thickness of one PCB substrate 01, preparing for the next automatic feeding.
[0039] While the two sets of fixed units 16 at the beginning of the conveying direction of the transmission belt 15 pause intermittently to achieve automatic feeding, the two sets of fixed units 16 at the end of the conveying direction of the transmission belt 15 also release the PCB substrate 01 during the intermittent pauses, thereby achieving automatic unloading; the unloaded PCB substrate 01 falls under the action of gravity and is sent to the next process by the external conveying device.
[0040] This etching machine uses a limiting structure in conjunction with a controllable pneumatic suction cup 33 to automatically feed the PCB substrate 01. Combined with the self-unloading function of the PCB substrate 01 released by the fixing unit 16, this etching machine can achieve continuous supply and discharge of the PCB substrate 01, further improving the continuity and efficiency of the operation.
[0041] See Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The etching machine also includes: an extrusion rod 41, which is fixedly installed on the upper transmission belt 15, and the extrusion rod 41 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the fixed unit 16; a switch plate 42, which is rotatably installed inside each connecting pipe 23, and achieves on / off control of the connecting pipe 23 by rotating to close the internal cross-section of the connecting pipe 23, and the switch plate 42 is located above the sprayer 24; a control rod 43, which is rotatably installed on the support block 22 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the switch plate 42. During the operation of the transmission belt 15, the extrusion rod 41 moves with the transmission belt 15 and contacts the control rod 43 and engages in transmission; and a second reset torsion spring 44, which is sleeved on the control rod 43, and the two ends of each second reset torsion spring 44 are respectively fixedly connected to the control rod 43 and the support block 22.
[0042] When the conveyor belt 15 moves the fixing unit 16 and the PCB substrate 01 it holds to the position of the sprayer 24, the pressing rod 41 contacts the control rod 43, driving the control rod 43 and the coaxial switch plate 42 to rotate 90 degrees, thereby opening the connecting pipe 23, allowing the sprayer 24 to connect to the storage tank 21 and spray out the etching solution. During this process, the second reset torsion spring 44 is twisted and stores energy. When the PCB substrate 01 leaves the spray range of the sprayer 24, the pressing rod 41 disengages from the control rod 43, and the control rod 43, having lost its active thrust, rotates in the opposite direction under the restoring force of the second reset torsion spring 44, causing the switch plate 42 to automatically close the connecting pipe 23, cutting off the supply of etching solution. Thus, this etching machine can automatically control the start and stop of the etching operation according to the moving position of the PCB substrate 01, thereby effectively reducing the waste of etching solution and lowering operating costs.
[0043] This etching machine, through a pressing rod 41 that moves synchronously with the fixed unit 16, a control rod 43 that cooperates with the pressing rod 41, and a switch plate 42 driven by the control rod 43 and the second reset torsion spring 44, can automatically turn on the etching solution supply only when the PCB substrate 01 passes through the spray area and immediately turn it off after leaving, thereby avoiding ineffective spraying of etching solution, reducing etching solution consumption and operating costs, reducing the burden of waste liquid treatment, and further improving the continuous operation efficiency and economy of this etching machine.
[0044] See Figure 2 , Figure 11 and Figure 12The etching machine also includes: a control frame 51, fixedly mounted on the clamping seats 1602 of each fixed unit 16 on the lower transmission belt 15; a sealing plate 52, slidably mounted on the upper and lower ends of each sprayer 24; a transmission frame 53, fixedly mounted on the lower sealing plate 52, the main body of which is a sloping structure, and the fixed unit 16 can contact and cooperate with the transmission frame 53 during movement; a toothed frame 54, fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of each sealing plate 52, and slidably cooperate with the sprayer 24; a transmission gear 55, rotatably mounted on both sides of each sprayer 24, the transmission gear 55 on each side meshing with the toothed frame 54 at the upper and lower ends of the corresponding sprayer 24 to drive the sealing plates 52 at the upper and lower ends to move synchronously in opposite directions; and a return spring 56, fixedly mounted between the toothed frame 54 and the sprayer 24.
[0045] When the fixing unit 16 moves the PCB substrate 01 to the position of the transmission frame 53, the different heights of the PCB substrate 01 result in differences in the vertical position of the clamping seat 1602 clamping it. This leads to different contact positions between the control frame 51 fixed to the clamping seat 1602 and the transmission frame 53, ultimately affecting the distance the sealing plate 52 moves. Specifically, the smaller the height of the PCB substrate 01, the lower the position of the control frame 51, and the longer the distance it pushes the transmission frame 53 when in contact with it. This, in turn, causes the sealing plates 52 at both ends to move a greater distance via the transmission gear 55, resulting in a smaller spray range enclosed by the sealing plate 52. Therefore, this etching machine can achieve adaptive matching between the spray range height of the sprayer 24 and the height of the PCB substrate 01, further reducing the waste rate of etching solution. After the PCB substrate 01 leaves the sprayer 24, the control frame 51 disengages from the transmission frame 53, and the return spring 56 automatically returns the sealing plate 52 to its initial position.
[0046] This etching machine achieves adaptive adjustment of the spray range height to the height of the PCB substrate 01 by setting a control frame 51 that moves with the clamping seat 1602, adopting a transmission frame 53 with a sloping structure and a closed plate 52 structure, thereby reducing the waste of etching solution, reducing the waste of etching solution and waste liquid treatment costs, while ensuring accurate etching of PCB substrates 01 of different specifications, and improving the versatility and economy of this etching machine.
[0047] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Contents not described in detail in this invention are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A PCB board etching machine, characterized in that, include: Frame (11); The upper and lower guide grooves (12) are fixedly connected inside the frame shell (11); The upper and lower support frames (13) are fixedly connected inside the frame shell (11) and are respectively set with guide grooves (12) for each layer; Two sets of drive rollers (14), each set including two drive rollers (14), are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of each layer of support frame (13); Two sets of transmission belts (15) are respectively wound between two drive rollers (14) in two sets of drive rollers (14). The transmission belt (15) slides in the guide groove (12) and the support frame (13) is placed on the inside of the transmission belt (15). The fixing unit (16) is fixedly installed on the transmission belt (15). There are at least three sets of fixing units (16), which are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the transmission belt (15). The positions of the fixing units (16) on the upper and lower sets of transmission belts (15) correspond one to one, so as to work together to clamp and fix the PCB substrate (01). The driving component (17) is located in the frame (11) and is connected to one of the two sets of driving rollers (14) to drive the two sets of transmission belts (15) to rotate synchronously. Storage bucket (21) is fixedly connected to frame shell (11); The support block (22) is fixedly connected to the inside of the frame shell (11); The connecting pipe (23) is fixedly connected to the support block (22), and its upper end is connected and communicates with the storage tank (21); And a sprayer (24), which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting pipe (23) and connected to the connecting pipe (23); The spray structure consisting of support block (22), connecting pipe (23) and sprayer (24) has an even number of groups, and at least two groups, which are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixing unit (16). The spraying direction of all sprayers (24) is towards the fixing unit (16); the spraying range of the sprayer (24) covers the effective area of the PCB substrate (01) that can be fixed by the fixing unit (16).
2. The PCB etching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of the fixed units (16) includes: an electrically controlled push rod (1601), which is fixedly connected to the transmission belt (15); And a clamping seat (1602), which is fixedly connected to the end of the electric push rod (1601).
3. A PCB etching machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact surface between the clamp (1602) and the PCB substrate (01) adopts a structure design with protrusions on both sides and a recess in the center.
4. A PCB etching machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving component (17) includes: a first motor (1701), which is fixedly connected inside the frame (11); The drive shaft (1702) is rotatably connected inside the frame (11), and the output end of the first motor (1701) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive shaft (1702); And a bevel gear set (1703) is disposed between the drive shaft (1702) and one of the two sets of drive rollers (14). Each bevel gear set (1703) includes two meshing bevel gears, which are respectively fixed on the drive shaft (1702) and the drive roller (14) of the corresponding set that is close to the drive shaft (1702).
5. A PCB etching machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The etching machine also includes: a fixed frame (31), which is fixedly connected inside the frame (11) and is located in front of the starting position of the conveying direction of the transmission belt (15); The first cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (31), and its telescopic rod can extend and retract in the front and rear directions; The pneumatic suction cup (33) is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod end of the first cylinder (32) and is driven by the first cylinder (32) to move in the front-back direction. The pneumatic suction cup (33) is used to actively adsorb or release the PCB substrate (01). The second cylinder (34) is fixedly connected to the frame (11) and is located on the rear side of the starting position of the conveying direction of the transmission belt (15). Its telescopic rod can extend and retract in the up and down direction. The limiting seat (35) is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the second cylinder (34); The limiting structure consisting of the second cylinder (34) and the limiting seat (35) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of limiting structures are arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower parts. The feeding rack (36) is slidably connected to the limiting seat (35) of the lower limiting structure, and can move along the limiting seat (35) in the back-and-forth direction under the drive; The limiting frame (38) is rotatably connected to the front side of the limiting seat (35) of each group of limiting structures, and is used to limit the position of the PCB substrate (01); And a first reset torsion spring (39) is sleeved on both ends of the rotating shaft of each limit frame (38), and both ends of each first reset torsion spring (39) are fixedly connected to the limit frame (38) and the limit seat (35) respectively.
6. A PCB etching machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The etching machine also includes: a second motor (3701), which is fixedly connected to the limiting seat (35) of the lower limiting structure; Two lead screws (3702) are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the limit seat (35) of the lower limit structure, and both are threadedly engaged with the feeding frame (36); And a timing belt assembly (3703), which is located between two lead screws (3702).
7. A PCB etching machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The etching machine also includes: an extrusion rod (41), which is fixedly connected to the upper transmission belt (15), and the extrusion rod (41) and the fixed unit (16) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; The switch plate (42) is rotatably connected to the inside of each connecting pipe (23). It closes the internal cross-section of the connecting pipe (23) by rotation. The switch plate (42) is located above the sprayer (24). The control lever (43) is rotatably connected to the support block (22) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the switch plate (42). During the operation of the transmission belt (15), the pressing rod (41) moves with the transmission belt (15) and contacts the control lever (43) and engages in transmission. And a second reset torsion spring (44) is sleeved on the control rod (43), and the two ends of each second reset torsion spring (44) are fixedly connected to the control rod (43) and the support block (22) respectively.
8. A PCB etching machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The etching machine also includes: a control frame (51), which is fixedly connected to the clamping seat (1602) of each fixed unit (16) on the lower transmission belt (15); The sealing plate (52) is slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of each sprayer (24); The transmission frame (53) is fixedly connected to the lower closed plate (52). Its main body is a sloping structure. The fixing unit (16) can contact and cooperate with the transmission frame (53) during the movement. The toothed frame (54) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of each closed plate (52) and slides in cooperation with the sprayer (24); The transmission gear (55) is rotatably connected to both sides of each sprayer (24). The transmission gear (55) at each side position meshes with the toothed frame (54) at the upper and lower ends of the side of the corresponding sprayer (24) to drive the closing plates (52) at the upper and lower ends to move synchronously in opposite directions. And a return spring (56), which is fixedly connected between the toothed frame (54) and the sprayer (24).