Gaseous substance concentration device and gaseous substance treatment device comprising the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gaseous substance processing device for concentrating, desorbing, condensing, recovering and removing a low concentration of gaseous substance by a rotary rotor. The present invention provides a gaseous substance concentrating device for concentrating a gaseous substance, the concentrating device including: an adsorption member forming a plurality of functional regions for adsorbing and concentrating a gaseous substance desorbed from exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust source; and a driving portion for relatively rotating the adsorption member with respect to the gaseous substance, wherein the plurality of functional regions of the adsorption member includes an adsorption region, a desorption region, a primary cooling region and a secondary cooling region, the concentrating device including: an exhaust gas passage through which the exhaust gas flows from the exhaust source to the adsorption region; a desorbed gas passage through which the concentrated gas is discharged from the desorption region; a first recirculation passage through which a part of the concentrated gas of the desorbed gas passage is branched off and passes through the primary cooling region; and a secondary cooling gas passage through which the concentrated gas passes through the secondary cooling region, wherein the part of the concentrated gas of the desorbed gas passage is merged with the exhaust gas passage through a second recirculation passage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for concentrating and treating gaseous substances such as odors, carbon dioxide, and volatile organic compounds. More specifically, it relates to a gaseous substance treatment apparatus that uses a rotating rotor to concentrate low-concentration gaseous substances emitted from air purifiers, printing processes, coating processes, semiconductor processes, carbon dioxide emission facilities, and odor treatment facilities to a high concentration and then desorb them for condensation, recovery, and removal. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent atmospheric environmental regulations, it is extremely difficult to oxidize gaseous substances containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using heat or catalysts. Typically, in the case of such gaseous substances, the combustible components are few, and oxidation systems using temperatures above 800°C or catalysts above 300°C consume a large amount of additional energy, making them uneconomical. Therefore, regenerative thermal combustion (RTC) is widely used as a new technology. RTC utilizes heat storage materials to recover heat with a heat recovery rate of over 95% and treat low concentrations of VOCs. RTC maintains the oxidation temperature above 800°C and oxidizes VOCs at high temperatures. Typically, when the temperature rise caused by the oxidation of VOCs in the gaseous substance is 40-80°C per cubic meter (gas unit), no additional fuel supply is required for operation. However, when the temperature rise is below 40°C per cubic meter (gas unit), additional fuel is required. In regenerative combustion, the regenerative combustion method utilizing a catalyst is called thermal catalytic combustion, which can reduce the combustion temperature to 300-450℃, thus allowing for more economical processing. However, even under these conditions, if the calorific value of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contained in the gaseous substances does not reach 15-30℃ per cubic meter (gas unit), a significant amount of additional energy will be consumed. In actual coating processes, environments where gaseous substances containing odorous substances and VOCs are discharged at high air volumes at low concentrations of VOCs are frequently encountered. Therefore, additional fuel is required to burn and oxidize the low concentrations of odorous substances and VOCs, resulting in high energy consumption and consequently high maintenance costs.

[0003] As a method for treating existing low-concentration gaseous substances, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1997-173758 discloses a high-boiling-point solvent recovery device. This device comprises: a honeycomb rotor loaded with an adsorbent; a diaphragm dividing the area near the rotor's cross-section into two regions: an adsorption region and a desorption region; an air supply unit supplying solvent-containing air with a boiling point of 150-300°C to the adsorption region, releasing a portion of the purified gas flowing out from the other side of the rotor into the atmosphere, and supplying the remainder to the desorption region; a heating unit for heating the purified gas; a cooling unit for separating the concentrated solvent gas into liquefied recoverable material and cooled dilute gas; and a return unit for returning the cooled dilute gas as feedstock. This device can concentrate the gas at a concentration factor of 5-15 times. Existing adsorption concentration units, as described above, are constructed by coating adsorbents such as zeolite, activated carbon, and silica onto a honeycomb ceramic support, with the concentration factor determined by the amount of substance adsorbed.

[0004] Additionally, Korean Patent No. 2383095 discloses a gaseous substance concentration device, characterized in that the device is used to concentrate gaseous substances and includes: an adsorption component forming multiple functional regions for adsorbing and concentrating pollutants in desorbed gas; and a drive unit for rotating the adsorption component relative to the gaseous substance, wherein a portion of the concentrated gas from the desorbed gas passage flows into the adsorption region through the recirculation passage. However, while this method has the advantage of concentrating the concentrated recirculated gas into the adsorption region to achieve a high concentration and thereby reducing the capacity of the post-treatment system, it requires more adsorption components to re-adsorb and concentrate the pollutants to a high concentration, thus potentially reducing efficiency. Furthermore, it requires additional energy to desorb the pollutants adsorbed at a high concentration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the problems of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a gaseous substance processing system that concentrates gaseous substances from emission sources containing low concentrations of gaseous substances to high concentrations and uses them in combustion, recovery, and condensation treatment units, thereby saving energy and effectively removing gaseous substances.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a gaseous substance processing system that, by using a concentration unit comprising multiple functional regions including an adsorption region, a desorption region, and a cooling region, concentrates gaseous substances to a high concentration while suppressing the increase in desorption energy.

[0007] Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide a gaseous substance processing system that can concentrate gaseous substances to a high concentration by using a concentration unit composed of multiple functional regions including an adsorption region, a desorption region, and a cooling region to minimize re-adsorption in the adsorption region.

[0008] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a gaseous substance processing system, which has multiple cooling zones as functional areas, to concentrate gaseous substances at high concentrations while suppressing the increase of desorption energy.

[0009] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a gaseous substance processing system, which has multiple cooling zones as functional areas to minimize re-adsorption in the adsorption zones, thereby concentrating gaseous substances to a high concentration.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a gaseous substance processing system that can appropriately adjust the recirculation rate required for high-concentration concentration, and, taking into account the safety and convenience of the operator, stably supply the flow rate, concentration, and temperature of the cooling stream, as well as the flow rate, concentration, and energy required for desorption.

[0011] (II) Technical Solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a gaseous substance concentration device, characterized in that the concentration device is used to concentrate gaseous substances, the concentration device includes an adsorption component, the adsorption component forms multiple functional regions, the multiple functional regions are used to adsorb and concentrate the gaseous substances in the exhaust gas discharged from the emission source, the multiple functional regions of the adsorption component include an adsorption region, a desorption region, a primary cooling region and a secondary cooling region, the concentration device includes: an exhaust gas passage flowing from the emission source into the adsorption region; a desorption gas passage discharging concentrated gas from the desorption region; a first recirculation passage diverting from the desorption gas passage and passing through the primary cooling region; and a secondary cooling gas passage passing through the secondary cooling region, wherein a portion of the concentrated gas in the desorption gas passage flows into the primary cooling region through the first recirculation passage.

[0012] At this time, a portion of the concentrated gas in the desorbed gas passage can merge with the emission gas passage through the second recirculation passage. Furthermore, simultaneously or independently, a portion of the concentrated gas in the desorbed gas passage can merge with the desorbed gas passage flowing into the desorbed region through the third recirculation passage.

[0013] In this invention, when the value of the concentrated gas flow rate diverted to the recirculation path divided by the concentrated gas flow rate of the desorbed gas path is set as the recirculation rate, the recirculation rate can be controlled according to the concentration of pollutant components in the emission gas flowing into the adsorption area.

[0014] In this invention, at least one of the emission gas passage, the desorption passage, the recirculation passage, and the emission passage may be equipped with a concentration sensor.

[0015] In this invention, the recirculation rate can be controlled based on the concentration of pollutants measured in the concentration sensor.

[0016] In this invention, the recycling rate can be 1-99.9%.

[0017] In this invention, the concentration device may include a desorption unit for heating the desorption gas flow supplied to the desorption zone, and the desorption unit can heat the gas flow flowing through the recirculation gas passage.

[0018] In this invention, the concentration device may include a desorption unit for heating the desorption gas flow supplied to the desorption zone, and the desorption unit can heat the gas flow flowing through the secondary cooling gas passage.

[0019] In this invention, the airflow passing through the secondary cooling gas passage may include external air, exhaust gas, or purified exhaust gas.

[0020] In this invention, the desorption gas passage may be equipped with a cooling unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention may further include a gas concentration processing unit, which may be a condensation recovery device that cools and pressurizes, a concentration recovery device that utilizes adsorbents and absorbents, or an oxidation device that removes polluting gases by oxidation.

[0022] In this invention, the treated gas recovered by the condensation recovery device can be supplied to the adsorption area or cooling area of ​​the adsorption component.

[0023] (III) Beneficial Effects According to the present invention, by using a concentration unit with multiple functional areas, low-concentration gaseous substances are adsorbed, and a portion of the desorbed and concentrated gas is recycled using a heat source, thereby concentrating the low-concentration gaseous substances to a high concentration and using them in combustion, recovery and condensation treatment units, thereby saving energy and effectively removing gaseous substances.

[0024] According to the present invention, the desorbed gas that has been adsorbed and desorbed in the concentration unit is recycled, so that even when condensing gaseous substances, the increase in the energy required for desorption can be minimized.

[0025] Furthermore, according to the present invention, a portion of the high-concentration gas that has been adsorbed and desorbed in the concentration unit is recycled and concentrated to a high concentration without re-adsorption in the adsorption region, thereby improving the concentration rate of gaseous substances.

[0026] This allows for a concentration ratio of up to nearly 300 times, minimizing the size of the final processing unit and enabling more economical processing of gaseous substances. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which concentrates and processes gaseous substances at a high concentration.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a conceptual diagram showing that the cross-section of the adsorption component of the concentration device is separated and divided into multiple functional areas.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a gaseous substance processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a gaseous substance processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a gaseous substance processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a gaseous substance processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. Best practice

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of relevant known structures or functions will be omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions would obscure the essence of the invention.

[0035] In the following description of the present invention, "gaseous substance" is used not only as a term referring to the volatile organic compound components of organic solvents such as toluene and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), but also as a term referring to all pollutants such as malodorous components or CO2, NO... xThe terminology used to refer to harmful components such as gaseous substances. Furthermore, in the specification of this invention, the term "gaseous substance" may include water vapor.

[0036] Therefore, in the specification of this invention, the composition of gaseous substances can vary depending on the type of gaseous substance. For example, it can refer only to malodorous components, or it can refer to gaseous substance components, or it can refer to both malodorous components and other harmful components.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic side view of a concentration apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 The concentration device 100 may include: an adsorption component ( Figure 3 10), the adsorption component forms multiple functional regions for adsorbing and concentrating desorbed gaseous substances; and the driving unit is used to rotate the adsorption component relative to the gaseous substances.

[0039] The concentration device 100 provides multiple gas passages. As shown, for example, suitable passages are provided such that an exhaust gas flow ① from a pollution source (or emission source) passes through the internal adsorption component, a desorption gas flow ③ desorbs the adsorbed gaseous substances, and a cooling gas flow ② is provided for cooling the area of ​​the adsorption component heated after desorption. Furthermore, a portion of the desorption gas flow ③ is diverted as a recirculation flow ④ and merges with the cooling gas flow ②, and a suitable passage is provided for the remaining portion to be discharged as an exhaust flow ⑤.

[0040] In this invention, various sources can be used as the supply source ⑥ of the cooling gas. For example, external air, exhaust gas from pollution sources, or purified gas can be used. External air may include clean atmospheric air or air with regulated oxygen concentration. When the combustible substance is gaseous, it may include inert gases such as non-reactive nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and helium.

[0041] Furthermore, in this invention, the concentration device 100 may provide a suitable gaseous substance transport unit, sensor, gas inlet, gas outlet, and housing. Additionally, suitable valves, pipes, and air supply units may be provided for separating the recirculated flow and the exhaust flow. Furthermore, in this invention, multiple passages through the adsorption component are separated and / or divided by suitable sealing units to prevent airflow from interfering with each other. Exemplarily, the airflow through each passage can be separated and divided by providing silicone resin, a heat-resistant polymer, or a metal or ceramic material between the housing and the adsorption component.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a conceptual diagram showing the separation and division of the adsorption zone A, cooling zone C, and desorption zone D in a concentration device.

[0043] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cooling airflow ② passing through cooling zone C is further heated by desorption unit 200 and flows into desorption zone D. The desorption unit 200 of the present invention can also be implemented as part of the concentration device 100, or it can be implemented as a separate, independent structure.

[0044] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates exemplary directions of airflow in gas passages (①, ②, ③), but the invention is not limited thereto. At least one airflow in each passage may have a direction opposite to that shown in the diagram.

[0045] Figure 1 The concentration device is an adsorption and concentration device for gaseous substances, which can use, for example... Figure 2 The cylindrical adsorption component 10 shown.

[0046] The adsorption component 10 can be formed from a suitable material with heat storage and gas adsorption properties. Typically, the adsorption component can be used by coating a substrate formed by folding ceramic fibers, glass fibers, or aluminum or stainless steel with an adsorbent exhibiting excellent adsorption capacity. Of course, the adsorption component 10 can be a material selected from zeolites such as 3A, 4A, USY, or ZSM-5, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), activated carbon, activated carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, alumina, silica, polymer resins, or composite materials of selected materials, but is not limited thereto.

[0047] Furthermore, the adsorption component can be a filled adsorption component using spherical adsorbents, amorphous adsorbents, cylindrical adsorbents, and honeycomb adsorbents, or a honeycomb adsorption component using folded, extruded, and sheet-like adsorbent materials molded into stacked adsorbent materials to improve air permeability and contact area.

[0048] The adsorption component can be composed of multiple adsorption components. For example, the adsorption component may include a front end component facing the exhaust gas flow and an adjacent rear end component, which can be made of different materials. For example, the front end component contains a hydrophilic adsorbent that can effectively adsorb moisture, and the hydrophilic adsorbent is selected from silica, zeolite 3A, zeolite 4A, and diatomaceous earth. The rear end component may contain a hydrophobic zeolite as the main component, which is a hydrophobic zeolite (USY, ZSM5, etc.) with a Si / Al molar ratio of 15 or higher that has a relatively low adsorption capacity for moisture but effectively adsorbs volatile organic compounds.

[0049] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the adsorption component 10 of the present invention.

[0050] In this invention, the plurality of regions can be defined as flowing through [see reference]. Figure 1 The areas of the airflow in the described pathways (①, ②, ③) are substantially perpendicular to each other. For example, the area of ​​the region can be defined by the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the concentration device.

[0051] The plurality of regions may, for example, include functional regions such as adsorption region 12, desorption region 14, and cooling regions (16, 18).

[0052] In the adsorption component of the present invention, the areas occupied by the adsorption region 12, the desorption region 14, and the cooling regions (16, 18) can be appropriately divided. Typically, the area of ​​the adsorption region 12 preferably occupies 40% to 90% of the total area of ​​the adsorption component 10. Therefore, the adsorption region 12 can have a larger area than the desorption region 14 or the cooling regions (16, 18).

[0053] In addition, the adsorption region 12 and the desorption region 14 can typically be configured to have the same area, or the desorption region 14 can be designed to have the same area as the cooling regions (16, 18), or the desorption region 14 can be designed to be smaller than the cooling regions (16, 18), or vice versa.

[0054] However, when the desorption zone is larger than the cooling zone and the cooling zone is too small, the adsorption efficiency may decrease in the subsequent adsorption zone due to the uncooled temperature, and the recovery of energy applied to the desorption zone becomes smaller, which may increase the energy required for the desorption unit to heat the cooling gas flow through the cooling zone.

[0055] The following describes a driving method for improving heat energy recovery, but the present invention is not limited thereto and can be appropriately adjusted according to the operating environment.

[0056] Preferably, in this invention, the area of ​​the adsorption region > the area of ​​the cooling region ≥ the area of ​​the desorption region. Specifically, the ratio of the cooling region area to the desorption region area can be 1.05 or higher, 1.1 or higher, or 1.2 or higher. Furthermore, the upper limit of the area ratio can be limited to 1.5, 2.0, or 3.0. An excessively high area ratio exceeding this upper limit will not have a practical impact on increasing energy recovery efficiency, and is therefore disadvantageous from an economic perspective.

[0057] Figure 3 The intermediate cooling zone is divided into a primary cooling zone 16 and a secondary cooling zone 18, as shown.

[0058] In this invention, both the primary cooling zone and the secondary cooling zone perform cooling functions. The separation of the cooling zones is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the gases passing through each zone. The airflow passing through the primary cooling zone has a relatively higher temperature compared to the airflow passing through the secondary cooling zone.

[0059] Furthermore, in this invention, the secondary cooling zone can also perform a purging function. If the recirculation rate increases or the temperature and concentration of the concentrated gas from the desorption zone rise, it may be necessary to purge and cool the heat of the adsorption component or the recovery zone. For this purpose, a secondary cooling zone can be added. In this case, the cooling gas flowing into the secondary cooling zone can be one of the following gases or a mixture thereof: external air, exhaust gas, and purified exhaust gas. The external air may include clean atmospheric air or air with regulated oxygen concentration, and when the combustible material is gaseous, it may include inert gases such as non-reactive nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and helium.

[0060] In this invention, the adsorption component 10 functions as multiple regions during operation. The adsorption component 10 is divided into an adsorption region 12, a desorption region 14, a primary cooling region 16, and a secondary cooling region 18, etc. These regions can be isolated or separated by a sealing unit.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic side view of a concentration apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention, including a two-stage cooling zone.

[0062] and Figure 1 Unlike the primary cooling airflow ②, the concentration device 100 has a separate path for the secondary cooling airflow ⑦ flowing into the secondary cooling zone C2. The secondary cooling airflow ⑦ passing through the adsorption component 10 can flow through a separate path separate from the primary cooling airflow ②. Conversely, the secondary cooling airflow ⑦ passing through the adsorption component 10 can also merge with the primary cooling airflow ② passing through the adsorption component. A desorption unit can be provided in the path where the primary cooling airflow ② exists, and the desorption unit 200 can be provided at any position before or after the merging of the primary and secondary cooling airflows ②.

[0063] The secondary cooling airflow ⑦ is diverted from the exhaust airflow ① and flows into the secondary cooling zone C2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. External air or purified gas can be used as the secondary cooling airflow. The airflow passing through the secondary cooling gas zone C2 can flow into the desorption unit 200 and merge with the primary cooling airflow ②. Alternatively, part or all of the secondary cooling airflow ⑦ can be supplied to a location outside the desorption unit 200.

[0064] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a gaseous substance treatment apparatus for highly concentrating gaseous substances in a low-concentration gaseous substance emission source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 The gaseous substance processing device includes a concentration device 100, a desorption unit 200, and a concentrated gas processing unit 300.

[0066] Reference Figure 4 Pollutants or harmful components (gaseous substances) contained in the emission gas flowing in from the emission source are simultaneously adsorbed onto the adsorption material of the adsorption component 10 of the concentration device 100 as they pass through it. The concentration device 100 is preferably a rotor-type adsorption concentration unit whose rotation speed can be adjusted according to the concentration of the incoming gaseous substances. In this embodiment, the concentration device 100 can rotate at a speed of 2-20 rph. In this invention, the rotation speed of the concentration device is exemplary and can be set differently depending on the process environment or process conditions. Furthermore, the rotor-type operation mode is acceptable as long as adsorption, cooling, and desorption can be repeated; the rotor rotation mode can be continuous or intermittent.

[0067] As described above, the gaseous substances contained in the exhaust gas from the emission source flow into the concentration device 100 and are adsorbed onto the adsorption component 10 in the adsorption zone A. As the rotor rotates, the adsorption component 10, which adsorbs the gaseous substances, enters the desorption zone D and is desorbed by the desorption air. At this time, the flow rate of the desorption gas used is lower than the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing into the adsorption zone. Preferably, the flow rate of the desorption gas and the flow rate of the adsorption gas are preferably 1 / 3 to 1 / 30. Therefore, the desorption gas can contain a high concentration of gaseous substances, 3 to 30 times that of the adsorption gas. The flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing into the adsorption zone and the flow rate of the desorption gas can be adjusted according to the concentration by adjusting the desorption gas transmission unit. However, if the amount of desorption gas is reduced too much, the desorption energy required for the desorption of the gaseous substances cannot be transmitted, thus desorption cannot occur; therefore, it should be adjusted appropriately.

[0068] Furthermore, the exhaust gas from the emission source in this invention can be used as a cooling gas. In this case, as shown in the figure, a portion of the exhaust gas from the emission source is diverted from the exhaust gas flow ① and merges with the first cooling gas flow ② through the secondary cooling zone C2. At this time, the merging position of the secondary cooling gas flow ⑦ can be at the front or rear end of the desorption unit 200. The ratio of the diverted second cooling gas flow ⑦ to the exhaust gas flow ① determines the content of pollutants in the desorbed gas, and therefore this ratio can specify the concentration factor. For example, the proportion of the exhaust gas used as cooling gas depends on the amount of desorbed gas and the recirculation rate. Although there is no particular limitation on the flow ratio of (exhaust gas flow rate) / (desorbed gas flow rate), it should be the amount of energy required to provide for the desorption of the adsorbed gaseous substances. Typically, a ratio of 3-30 is mainly used in the field, wherein when the recirculation rate is 50% (i.e., 50% of the desorbed gas is recirculated as cooling gas), the flow ratio of (exhaust gas flow rate) / (diverted cooling gas flow rate) increases to 6 to 60.

[0069] The concentration apparatus of the present invention is provided with a desorption unit 200 for heating the desorbed gas. The desorption unit 200 described in the present invention can be a heating device such as a heater, microwave, or plasma (or plasma burner), or a vibration unit such as an ultrasonic vibrator. Of course, the present invention is not limited to these; various desorption units can be used, but preferably, an electric heater, a burner, and high-temperature air can be used as the heating device. When using high-temperature air, the desorption gas flow can be directly added or the heat energy can be transferred through an indirect heat exchanger.

[0070] As mentioned above Figure 1 As described above, a portion of the desorbed gas is diverted and merged into the cooling gas flow. This diversion mechanism can consist of pipes and valves.

[0071] Figure 4 The diagram shows an example of a discharge pipe 120 and a recirculation pipe 130 as a flow diversion mechanism for desorbed gas. The discharge pipe 120 and recirculation pipe 130 described in this invention may be equipped with flow control units such as valves.

[0072] In this invention, the first cooling gas stream ② through the recirculation pipe 130 contains a high concentration of concentrated gaseous substances compared to the exhaust gas stream ①. The concentration in this invention can depend on the concentration factor and the recirculation rate. For example, in this invention, when the ratio of desorbed gas to exhaust gas from the exhaust source is 15 times (see Table 2 below), the concentration can be increased up to a maximum of 300 times by changing the recirculation rate to 5-95%, considering an actual treatment rate of 95%, 0.25 g / Nm³. 3 The emitted gases were concentrated to 71.262 g / Nm³. 3 This allows for a concentration up to 285 times higher.

[0073] The first cooling airflow ②, either alone or combined with the second cooling airflow ⑦, is heated by the desorption unit 200 and flows into the desorption zone B of the adsorption component 10 to desorb the adsorbed pollutants, thereby further concentrating the desorbed airflow ③. As described above, through repeated adsorption, cooling, and desorption, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas recirculation flow ④, the first cooling airflow ②, and the desorbed airflow ③ increases. After several repetitions, a certain concentration, i.e., the equilibrium concentration, is selected by the operator.

[0074] Because flammable substances pose a risk of fire or explosion in the presence of oxygen, their concentration should be controlled below the minimum explosive limit (LEL). However, to ensure safety, it is preferable to control them at 25% of the LEL. Since the LEL varies with atmospheric temperature, the effect of temperature should be considered when setting it. However, in the absence of this risk, a concentration suitable for condensation, recovery, and oxidation can also be set.

[0075] Generally, the temperature of the desorbed gas should be higher than the adsorption temperature when desorbing by heating. This temperature is preferably 100-300℃. The desorbed gas temperature can vary depending on the gaseous substance to be adsorbed and the characteristics of the adsorption component.

[0076] In addition, in order to use the desorbed gas as a recirculation stream, heat exchange can be performed on part or all of the desorbed gas in this invention.

[0077] Through the above mechanism, the low-concentration gaseous substances in the initial emission gas stream ① flow into the concentration device. As the concentration rotor rotates, the gaseous substances repeatedly undergo the sequence of adsorption → desorption → cooling 1 → cooling 2 → adsorption → desorption → cooling 1 → cooling 2, thereby gradually concentrating the emission gas stream into high-concentration gaseous substances.

[0078] In the case of this invention, the concentration of the recirculated exhaust gas is higher than the inflow concentration, and it receives heat during desorption, thereby cooling the gas temperature and concentration to a level higher than in the non-recirculated case. In this situation, if the increased concentration of the exhaust gas remains in the adsorption element and then enters the adsorption zone, it may immediately escape without being adsorbed by the adsorption zone. Although the resulting effect is minor, to eliminate this effect and lower the temperature, a purge zone not containing the recirculated exhaust gas can be further provided. For example, a purge zone can be provided with… Figure 2 and Figure 3A certain area of ​​the adsorption component 10, which is connected to the secondary cooling zone C2 of the concentration device 100 shown, is designated as a purging zone. The purging air used here can be obtained by adding external air, exhaust gas from an exhaust source, or purified gas and then purging. The external air may include clean atmospheric air or air with adjusted oxygen concentration. When the combustible substance is a gaseous substance, it may include inert gases such as non-reactive nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and helium.

[0079] In this configuration, the airflows through the cooling zone and the purge zone can be separated or merged. The gases passing through the cooling zone and the purge zone can mix and be heated by the heating unit before flowing into the desorption zone; therefore, it is not necessary to separate them into separate zones. That is, the gas passing through the purge zone can contain gaseous substances, thus allowing for methods of delivering the gas to the desorption stream, to the adsorption zone, or to the front end of the final treatment unit for the gaseous substances; however, the most preferred method is to deliver the gas to the desorption stream.

[0080] When the purging zone is used, gaseous substances can be sequentially converted and concentrated in the order of adsorption → desorption → cooling → purging → adsorption → desorption → cooling → purging.

[0081] In this invention, the concentration ratio of gaseous substances in the discharged gas can be controlled by the percentage of the flow rate of the recirculation flow ④ to the flow rate of the desorption flow ③, i.e., the recirculation rate. In this invention, the recirculation rate can be controlled based on the concentration of gaseous substances in at least one of the following flow streams: the discharged gas stream flowing from the emission source into the adsorption component, the recirculated flow stream flowing into the adsorption component (cooling zone), and the flow stream passing through the adsorption component. In this invention, the recirculation rate can be 1-99.9%, but preferably 5-95%. Exemplarily, the recirculation rate can be 5% or more, 10% or more, 15% or more, or 20% or more. Furthermore, the recirculation rate can be 95% or less, 90% or less, 85% or less, or 80% or less.

[0082] As an example, the concentration of the gaseous substance flowing in or being recirculated can be designed to remain below the lowest explosive limit (LEL) at which it would explode due to the influx of oxygen. Preferably, since the temperature of the exhaust gas containing potentially explosive flammable vapors is not constant, for safety reasons, the recirculated flow ④ and the desorption flow ③ are preferably controlled in a constant ratio to maintain a concentration of 1 / 4 to 1 / 5 of the LEL. For example, referring to Table 1, the LEL for toluene is 52.2 g / Nm³. 3 One-quarter of it is 13.05 g / Nm 3 If the concentration needs to be controlled at 13.05 g / Nm³ 3 Below, when the concentration is 0.25 g / Nm3 At a recycling rate of 80%, it can be concentrated to 14.263 g / Nm³. 3 Therefore, a smaller value was set, when the concentration was 0.5 g / Nm³. 3 When 60% is recycled, it can be concentrated to 14.275 g / Nm³. 3 Therefore, it is preferable to set a lower recycling rate.

[0083] In order to control the recycling rate, the device of the present invention may be equipped with a concentration sensor 150 for measuring the concentration of gaseous substances. Figure 3 Although the concentration sensor is positioned at the front end of the adsorption region of the adsorption unit 10 in the exhaust gas flow, this is merely exemplary. The concentration sensor can be positioned in a suitable path before the adsorption unit 10 flows into the concentration unit. Of course, the concentration sensor can be positioned in the desorption gas flow path, or it can be positioned at the front end of the adsorption unit, in the desorption gas flow path, and in the cooling gas flow path. Furthermore, the concentration sensor 160 can be positioned in the gas flow path through an additional adsorption unit. This rear-end concentration sensor 160 is used to control the adsorption efficiency so that the concentration at the rear end of the adsorption unit does not rise above a certain level.

[0084] Refer again Figure 4 The concentrated gas processing unit 300 can be a condensation recovery device that uses cooling and pressurization, a second concentration recovery device that utilizes adsorbents and absorbents, or an oxidation device such as an RTO, RCO, or TO that removes pollutant gases through combustion. Furthermore, when a condensation recovery device is used in this invention, the primary treated gas recovered by the condensation recovery device is supplied again to the adsorption area or cooling area of ​​the adsorption component, thereby enabling further purification. Detailed Implementation

[0085] exist Figure 1 In the concentration unit, the concentration factor is fixed at 12 times. The concentration of the pollutant component (equilibrium concentration, g / Nm³) is calculated based on the recirculation rate. 3 When the concentration is 12 times, as shown in Table 1 below, the inlet concentration of the exhaust gas stream from the oxygen-containing emission source is changed to 0.25-1.0 g / Nm³. 3 Calculate the concentration of pollutants (g / Nm³) based on the recycling rate. 3 The concentration of the contaminant is calculated based on the saturation concentration after multiple iterations. Assuming the contaminant is toluene, the LEL is set at 1.27%, and the stability standard is 1 / 4 of the LEL. The temperature effect of the LEL is ignored. Furthermore, the treatment rate is assumed to be 95%. Table 1 below shows the recirculation rate (%) in the left column and the inlet concentration (g / Nm³) in the right row. 3 ).

[0086] [Table 1] As shown in the table above, the equilibrium concentration of toluene gradually increases as the recycling rate increases from 0% to 95%. Furthermore, when the concentration factors are 15x and 6x respectively, and all other conditions are the same, the calculated equilibrium concentrations are shown in Table 2 (concentration factor 15x) and Table 3 (concentration factor 6x).

[0087] [Table 2] [Table 3] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a flow-diverting mechanism equipped with a desorbed gas. (Refer to...) Figure 5 In addition to reference Figure 4 In addition to the discharge pipe 120 and the first recirculation pipe 130A, a second recirculation pipe 130B is also provided. In this invention, the discharge pipe 120 and the recirculation pipes (130A, 130B) may be equipped with flow control units such as valves and air supply units.

[0088] The second recirculation duct 130B can be directly diverted from the desorbed gas flow ③ or further diverted from the first recirculation duct 130A that has already been diverted, and the number of such ducts is unlimited. Furthermore, the second exhaust gas recirculation flow ⑧ can merge with the secondary cooling gas flow ⑦ in the exhaust gas flow ① at a position before or after the diversion. When merging after the secondary cooling gas flow has been diverted, it has the advantage of allowing for lower control of the temperature and concentration of the gas flowing into the secondary cooling zone.

[0089] In this invention, the second exhaust gas recirculation flow ⑧, passing through the second recirculation pipe 130B, is concentrated compared to the exhaust gas flow ①, thereby containing a high concentration of gaseous substances. In this invention, the concentration can be determined based on the concentration factor and the flow rate ratio of the recirculated concentrated gas. Furthermore, the concentration can also be determined based on the ratio of the first exhaust gas recirculation flow ④ to the second exhaust gas recirculation flow ⑧. As in this embodiment, providing the second exhaust gas recirculation flow ⑧ has the advantage of regulating the amount of gas supplied to the final processing unit, thereby stably maintaining the processing capacity of the final processing unit, and preventing the concentration of the gas flowing into the desorption unit 200 from becoming excessively high.

[0090] In this embodiment, a portion of the exhaust gas recirculation stream ④ merges with the exhaust gas stream ①, and another portion merges with the cooling gas stream ②, thereby increasing the concentration of pollutants in the desorbed gas. Through repeated adsorption, cooling, and desorption, the concentration of pollutants in the first exhaust gas recirculation stream ④, the second exhaust gas recirculation stream ⑧, the first cooling gas stream ②, and the desorbed gas stream ③ increases, and after several repetitions, a certain concentration, i.e., the equilibrium concentration, is reached by the operator.

[0091] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing a third embodiment of a diversion mechanism for desorbed gas.

[0092] Reference Figure 6 In addition to reference Figure 4 In addition to the discharge pipe 120 and the first recirculation pipe 130A, a third recirculation pipe 130C is also provided. In this invention, the discharge pipe 120 and the recirculation pipes (130A, 130C) may be equipped with flow control units such as valves and air supply units.

[0093] In this invention, the third exhaust gas recirculation stream ⑨ through the third recirculation pipe 130C is concentrated compared to the exhaust gas stream ①, thereby containing a high concentration of gaseous substances. In this invention, the concentration can be determined based on the concentration factor and the flow rate of the recirculated concentrated gas. Furthermore, the concentration can also be determined based on the ratio of the first exhaust gas recirculation stream ② to the third exhaust gas recirculation stream ⑨.

[0094] As in this implementation plan, when using the third exhaust gas recirculation flow ⑨, it is as follows: Figure 4 The proposed implementation scheme allows for adjustment of the temperature rise of the cooling airflow and can additionally increase desorption energy by increasing the amount of desorbed gas, thus offering advantages for desorption. The third recirculation duct 130C can be located anywhere in the airflow path from the outlet of the cooling zone to the inlet of the desorption zone, but is preferably located at the front end of the desorption unit 200. Furthermore, when a high-temperature airflow (waste heat or heated air) is introduced from the outside as desorption air, the third exhaust gas recirculation flow ⑨ can be mixed with and supplied to the high-temperature airflow.

[0095] The third exhaust gas recirculation stream ⑨ merges with the first cooling gas stream ② and the second cooling gas stream ⑦ and flows into the desorption zone B of the adsorption component 10, desorbing the adsorbed gas and thereby further concentrating the desorbed gas stream ③. In addition, through repeated adsorption, cooling and desorption, the concentration of pollutants in the first cooling gas stream ②, the third exhaust gas recirculation stream ⑨ and the desorbed gas stream ③ increases, and after several repetitions, a certain concentration selected by the operator, i.e., the equilibrium concentration, is reached.

[0096] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of a diversion mechanism for desorbed gas.

[0097] Reference Figure 7 It can be seen that the reference is Figure 4 The illustration describes the combination of the discharge pipe 120 and the first recirculation pipe 130A with the second recirculation pipe 130B and the third recirculation pipe 130C. In this embodiment, it has the advantages of appropriately regulating the temperature of the cooling airflow, maintaining a stable flow rate in the final treatment unit, and consistently providing the desorption energy required for desorption.

[0098] in addition, Figures 5 to 7 Although the invention shows the coexistence of a second and / or a third exhaust gas recirculation flow with a first exhaust gas recirculation flow, it is also possible to provide a second or third exhaust gas recirculation flow without providing a first exhaust gas recirculation flow. Furthermore, the invention can configure two or more of the first, second, and third exhaust gas recirculation flows as recirculation flows.

[0099] Industrial applicability This invention can be applied to devices for concentrating and treating gaseous substances such as malodorous substances, carbon dioxide, and volatile organic compounds.

Claims

1. A gaseous substance concentration device, characterized in that, The concentration device is used to concentrate gaseous substances. The concentration device includes an adsorption component that forms multiple functional zones. These multiple functional zones are used to adsorb and concentrate the gaseous substances desorbed from the emission gas discharged from the emission source. The adsorption component comprises multiple functional regions, including an adsorption region, a desorption region, a primary cooling region, and a secondary cooling region. The concentration device includes: an emission gas passage flowing from the emission source into the adsorption zone; a desorption gas passage discharging concentrated gas from the desorption zone; a first recirculation passage diverting the desorption gas from the desorption gas passage and passing through the primary cooling zone; and a secondary cooling gas passage passing through the secondary cooling zone. In this process, a portion of the concentrated gas from the desorbed gas passage flows into the primary cooling zone through the first recirculation passage.

2. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Part of the concentrated gas in the desorbed gas passage merges with the emission gas passage through the second recirculation passage.

3. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Part of the concentrated gas in the desorption gas passage merges with the desorption gas passage flowing into the desorption region through the third recirculation passage.

4. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the recirculation rate is defined as the value of the concentrated gas flow rate diverted to the recirculation path divided by the concentrated gas flow rate of the desorbed gas path, the recirculation rate is controlled based on the concentration of pollutants in the emission gas flowing into the adsorption area.

5. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, A concentration sensor is provided in at least one of the emission gas passage, the desorption passage, the recirculation passage, and the emission passage.

6. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The recirculation rate is controlled based on the concentration of the pollutant component measured in the concentration sensor.

7. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The recycling rate is 1-99.9%.

8. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration apparatus includes a desorption unit for heating the desorption gas flow supplied to the desorption zone, the desorption unit heating the gas flow through the recirculation gas passage.

9. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration apparatus includes a desorption unit for heating the desorption gas flow supplied to the desorption zone, the desorption unit heating the gas flow passing through the secondary cooling gas passage.

10. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow through the secondary cooling gas passage includes external air, exhaust gas, or purified exhaust gas.

11. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cooling unit is provided in the desorption gas passage.

12. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration device further includes a concentrated gas processing unit, which is a condensation recovery device that cools and pressurizes, a concentration recovery device that utilizes adsorbents and absorbents, or an oxidation device that removes polluting gases through oxidation.

13. The gaseous substance concentration apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that, The treated gas recovered by the condensation recovery device is supplied to the adsorption area or cooling area of ​​the adsorption component.

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