Mechanical self-triggering drill string damping and centralizing integrated device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling technology, and discloses a mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and centralizing integrated device, comprising a shell assembly including a sleeve, an upper shell, an intermediate shell, and a centralizing section shell arranged coaxially; a mechanical triggering mechanism is disposed within the intermediate shell; a wedge centralizing mechanism and a hysteresis positioning mechanism are disposed within the centralizing section shell; a mandrel assembly is disposed sequentially through the sleeve, upper shell, intermediate shell, and centralizing section shell; a vibration damping mechanism is located at the bottom of the upper shell; and a damping slow-release reset mechanism is located below the centralizing section shell, limiting the retraction speed of the wedge centralizing mechanism, causing the centralizing block to retract and reset with a delay. This invention solves the problems of asynchronous response and poor coordination between traditional split-type vibration dampers and centralizers, simplifies the drill string structure, reduces downhole tool connection nodes, and lowers the risk of drill string breakage and disengagement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling technology, and in particular to a mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device. Background Technology

[0002] As oil and gas exploration and development extend into deeper formations and complex structures, directional wells, horizontal wells, and extended reach wells have become core technologies for the efficient development of oil and gas resources. During drilling operations, the drill string simultaneously endures various complex alternating loads within the closed wellbore, including axial impact, drilling pressure fluctuations, eccentric adhesion to the wellbore, and lateral vibration. Excessive axial impact loads accelerate fatigue damage to the drill string threads and body, significantly shortening drill bit lifespan and increasing non-productive tripping and tripping frequency. Eccentric adhesion to the wellbore can cause wellbore trajectory deviation and severe wear between the drill string and the wellbore wall, potentially leading to serious downhole accidents such as stuck pipe or broken drill string, directly hindering drilling efficiency and operational safety.

[0003] Currently, in drilling operations, shock absorbers and centralizers are commonly installed and used separately as two independent downhole tools. Shock absorbers primarily absorb axial impact energy from the drill string through elastic elements such as disc springs or hydraulic damping structures, while centralizers rely on radially extending centralizing blocks to maintain drill string centering. Because their functions are separate, they cannot achieve mechanical linkage, resulting in asynchronous responses. Furthermore, they increase the overall length of the drill string and the number of joints, raising the probability of downhole failures. Some existing active centralizers use hydraulic drives, which can achieve active extension and retraction control of the centralizing blocks. However, the hydraulic system is complex, and the seals are prone to aging and failure in harsh downhole environments with high temperature, high pressure, and sand-containing fluids, leading to hydraulic leaks and functional loss, making long-term reliability difficult to guarantee. Another type of passive mechanical centralizer relies on spring preload or wellbore contact force for centralization. This type has inherent defects such as lag in response and insufficient centralizing force. Under repeated axial impact loads on the drill string, the centralizing blocks exhibit frequent extension and retraction, failing to achieve a stable and continuous centralization state.

[0004] To address this, a mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration reduction and straightening integrated device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as the separation of vibration damping and straightening functions, poor reliability of hydraulic drive, lag in mechanical straightening response, and frequent expansion and contraction of the straightening block under impact load.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device, comprising: The housing assembly includes a sleeve, an upper housing, an intermediate housing, and a centralizing section housing arranged coaxially; a mechanical triggering mechanism is provided inside the intermediate housing, which is used to sense the eccentric wall-attached state of the drill string and generate axial thrust; a wedge centralizing mechanism and a hysteresis positioning mechanism are provided inside the centralizing section housing, with the hysteresis positioning mechanism corresponding to the wedge centralizing mechanism. A mandrel assembly is provided that sequentially passes through the sleeve, the upper housing, the intermediate housing, and the straightening section housing; A shock absorption mechanism is located at the bottom of the upper housing. The shock absorption mechanism is used to absorb the axial impact load of the drill string and convert the axial displacement of the mandrel assembly into axial driving force. A damping and slow-release reset mechanism is located below the housing of the straightening section. The damping and slow-release reset mechanism is used to limit the retraction speed of the wedge straightening mechanism when the axial impact load and lateral wall-adhering effect decrease, so that the straightening block retracts and resets after a delay.

[0007] Preferably, the mandrel assembly includes an upper mandrel, an intermediate mandrel, and a lower mandrel arranged coaxially. The upper mandrel is located inside the sleeve, the top end of the intermediate mandrel is located inside the upper housing, and the lower mandrel passes through the intermediate housing and the straightening section housing.

[0008] Preferably, the shock absorption mechanism includes an impact joint located inside the upper housing, the impact joint being located at the top of the intermediate spindle, a shock absorption hydraulic cylinder fixedly disposed at the bottom of the upper housing, a shock absorption piston and a buffer valve disposed inside the shock absorption hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic sealing ring being installed around the shock absorption piston, a disc spring washer being disposed between the impact joint and the inner wall of the upper housing, a disc spring body being disposed between the disc spring washer, and a retaining ring being installed inside the upper housing, the retaining ring being located below the disc spring body.

[0009] Preferably, the mechanical triggering mechanism includes a floating mandrel sleeve fitted on the outside of the lower mandrel, a thrust shoulder and a booster block fixedly connected to the outside of the floating mandrel sleeve, a pilot trigger block installed on the intermediate housing, a radial trigger pin connected to the pilot trigger block through a trigger block reset spring, the radial trigger pin being correspondingly arranged with the booster block, a spring stop fixedly connected to the bottom of the intermediate housing, and a return spring fixedly connected between the spring stop block and the floating mandrel sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the wedge straightening mechanism includes a wedge drive sleeve slidably sleeved on the periphery of the lower mandrel, and a plurality of straightening blocks are provided on the straightening section housing corresponding to the wedge drive sleeve. The straightening blocks are slidably disposed through the straightening section housing, and a guide pull-back structure is provided between the straightening blocks and the wedge drive sleeve. The guide pull-back structure is one of a T-slot, a dovetail groove, or a limiting slide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the hysteresis positioning mechanism includes a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove formed on the outer wall of the wedge drive sleeve. The first positioning groove is corresponding to the retracted position of the straightening block, and the second positioning groove is corresponding to the extended position of the straightening block. The inner wall of the straightening section housing is provided with a groove, and the bottom wall of the groove is connected to a steel ball body through a steel ball spring. The steel ball body is corresponding to the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove.

[0012] Preferably, the damping release and reset mechanism includes a damping hydraulic cylinder located at the bottom end of the straightening section housing, the bottom end of the lower mandrel being located inside the damping hydraulic cylinder, a damping piston being installed inside the damping hydraulic cylinder, the damping piston being in contact with the bottom end of the wedge drive sleeve, a one-way valve being installed inside the damping piston, a limit stop being installed at the bottom end of the lower mandrel, the top end of the limit stop being located inside the damping hydraulic cylinder, a damping sealing ring capable of forming a sealing fit being installed between the top end of the limit stop and the damping hydraulic cylinder, and a damping reset spring being installed between the limit stop and the damping piston, the damping reset spring being located on the periphery of the lower mandrel.

[0013] Preferably, an upper connector is installed inside the sleeve, the top of the upper connector is located outside the sleeve, the bottom of the upper connector is in contact with the top of the upper mandrel, a torsion spline sleeve is installed between the upper connector and the sleeve, and a torsion joint is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve, the torsion joint being located at the bottom of the upper connector and around the upper mandrel.

[0014] Preferably, a lower connector is installed on the top of the intermediate housing, the lower connector is located on the periphery of the lower mandrel, a balance hydraulic cylinder is installed between the lower connector and the shock-absorbing hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the intermediate mandrel is located inside the balance hydraulic cylinder, a balance piston is installed inside the balance hydraulic cylinder, and a balance spring is installed between the balance piston and the bottom wall of the balance hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention employs a dual triggering mode of axial impact and eccentric wall adhesion, eliminating the need for external hydraulic control and electronic components. This completely avoids the problems of seal failure and electronic component damage in high-temperature, high-pressure sand-containing well fluid environments. The pilot trigger block preferentially contacts the well wall, converting the lateral wall-adhesive force into axial thrust, reducing the trigger threshold of the centralizing mechanism, significantly improving the response speed, and solving the problems of trigger lag and insufficient centralizing force.

[0016] The inclined wedge centering mechanism enables the centering block to form a self-locking state after it abuts against the well wall. The greater the reaction force of the well wall, the stronger the self-locking effect. In conjunction with the hysteresis positioning mechanism, it effectively prevents the centering block from frequently extending and retracting due to drilling pressure fluctuations and instantaneous impacts, significantly improving the accuracy of wellbore trajectory control and reducing drill string wear.

[0017] The damping piston adopts a parallel design of a one-way valve and a throttle orifice, which enables the centralizing block to extend quickly and retract slowly after a delay, thus avoiding drill string instability caused by the sudden disappearance of the centralizing state. The centralizing block and the wedge drive sleeve are forcibly pulled back through the T-slot, and with the help of the radial return spring, they can still reliably retract under harsh working conditions such as sandy mud, thus eliminating stuck drill accidents.

[0018] This invention uses the mandrel displacement generated by the axial impact of the drill string as a common driving source for shock absorption and centralization. The floating mandrel sleeve directly links with the inclined wedge drive sleeve, which solves the problem of asynchronous response and poor coordination between traditional split shock absorbers and centralizers. At the same time, it simplifies the drill string structure, reduces the number of downhole tool connection nodes, and reduces the risk of drill string breakage and disengagement. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top portion of the integrated device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the middle part of the integrated device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom portion of the integrated device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical self-triggered mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] The components are as follows: 1. Upper connector; 2. Torsion spline sleeve; 3. Torsion connector; 4. Upper mandrel; 5. Sleeve; 6. Sliding seal ring; 7. Limiting sleeve; 8. Impact connector; 9. Linkage output connector; 10. Disc spring washer; 11. Upper housing; 12. Disc spring body; 13. Retaining ring; 14. Buffer valve; 15. Shock-absorbing piston; 16. Hydraulic seal ring; 17. Shock-absorbing hydraulic cylinder; 18. Intermediate mandrel; 19. Balance hydraulic cylinder; 20. Balance piston; 21. Balance spring; 22. Lower connector. 23. Lower spindle; 24. Thrust shoulder; 25. Floating spindle sleeve; 26. Boost block; 27. Radial trigger pin; 28. Trigger block return spring; 29. ​​Pilot trigger block; 30. Return spring; 31. Intermediate housing; 32. Spring stop; 33. Wedge drive sleeve; 34. Steel ball body; 35. Steel ball spring; 36. Centralizing block; 37. Centralizing section housing; 38. Damping piston; 40. Damping return spring; 41. Damping seal ring; 42. Damping hydraulic cylinder; 43. Limit stop. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-6 This invention provides a mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device, comprising: The housing assembly includes a sleeve 5, an upper housing 11, an intermediate housing 31, and a centralizing section housing 37, all coaxially arranged. The intermediate housing 31 is equipped with a mechanical triggering mechanism, which is used to sense the eccentricity of the drill string against the wall and generate axial thrust. The centralizing section housing 37 is equipped with a wedge centralizing mechanism and a hysteresis positioning mechanism, with the hysteresis positioning mechanism corresponding to the wedge centralizing mechanism. The mandrel assembly is arranged sequentially through the sleeve 5, the upper housing 11, the intermediate housing 31 and the straightening section housing 37; and is capable of generating axial displacement relative to the housing assembly under axial impact load.

[0025] The damping mechanism is located at the bottom of the upper housing 11. The damping mechanism is used to absorb the axial impact load of the drill string and convert the axial displacement of the mandrel assembly into axial driving force. The damping and slow-release reset mechanism is located below the housing 37 of the straightening section. The damping and slow-release reset mechanism is used to limit the retraction speed of the wedge straightening mechanism when the axial impact load and lateral wall-adhering effect decrease, so that the straightening block 36 retracts and resets after a delay.

[0026] The mechanical triggering mechanism, the wedge straightening mechanism, the hysteresis positioning mechanism, and the damping slow-release reset mechanism are linked in sequence to enable the device to have a retracted state, a triggered extension state, an extension holding state, and a delayed reset state. In the retracted state, the steel ball body 34 is located in the first positioning groove. In the triggered extension state, the wedge drive sleeve 33 pushes the straightening block 36 to extend radially. In the extension holding state, the steel ball body 34 is located in the second positioning groove. In the delayed reset state, the damping piston 38 limits the retraction speed of the wedge drive sleeve 33, causing the straightening block 36 to retract slowly.

[0027] The scheme is further optimized. The mandrel assembly includes an upper mandrel 4, an intermediate mandrel 18 and a lower mandrel 23 arranged coaxially. The upper mandrel 4 is located inside the sleeve 5. The top end of the intermediate mandrel 18 is located inside the upper housing 11. The lower mandrel 23 is arranged through the intermediate housing 31 and the straightening section housing 37.

[0028] The optimized design includes an impact joint 8 located within the upper housing 11, at the top of the intermediate spindle 18. A damping hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the upper housing 11, containing a damping piston 15 and a buffer valve 14. The buffer valve 14 limits the flow velocity of the hydraulic medium to create axial hydraulic damping. A hydraulic sealing ring 16 is installed around the periphery of the damping piston 15. A disc spring washer 10 is placed between the impact joint 8 and the inner wall of the upper housing 11, with a disc spring body 12 positioned between the disc spring washers 10. A retaining ring 13 is installed inside the upper housing 11, located below the disc spring body 12. This design absorbs axial impact loads when the upper spindle 4 or the intermediate spindle 18 experiences axial displacement.

[0029] The scheme is further optimized. The mechanical triggering mechanism includes a floating mandrel sleeve 25 sleeved on the outside of the lower mandrel 23. A thrust shoulder 24 and a booster block 26 are fixedly connected to the outside of the floating mandrel sleeve 25. A pilot trigger block 29 is installed on the intermediate housing 31. A radial trigger pin 27 is connected to the pilot trigger block 29 through a trigger block reset spring 28. The radial trigger pin 27 is correspondingly set with the booster block 26. The inner side of the booster block 26 is provided with an inclined surface. When the radial trigger pin 27 moves radially inward, it pushes the booster block 26 axially forward through the inclined surface. The booster block 26 abuts against the thrust shoulder 24 and applies an axial boosting force to it.

[0030] A spring stop 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intermediate housing 31, and a return spring 30 is fixedly connected between the spring stop 32 and the floating mandrel sleeve 25.

[0031] The floating mandrel sleeve 25 is configured to cooperate with the thrust shoulder 24. The thrust shoulder 24 is used to transmit the axial displacement of the lower mandrel 23 or the intermediate mandrel 18 to the floating mandrel sleeve 25. The floating mandrel sleeve 25 further pushes the inclined wedge drive sleeve 33 to move axially along the device.

[0032] The pilot trigger block 29 in the mechanical triggering mechanism is arranged circumferentially along the housing 37 of the straightening section. The pilot trigger block 29 is kept in its initial extended state under the action of the trigger block return spring 28. When the drill string is eccentrically attached to the wall, the reaction force of the well wall pushes the pilot trigger block 29 to move radially inward. The pilot trigger block 29 pushes the booster block 26 to move through the radial trigger pin 27, so as to relieve or reduce the action resistance of the wedge drive sleeve 33.

[0033] When the floating mandrel sleeve 25 is subjected to axial impact force or boosting force and overcomes the pre-tightening resistance, the floating mandrel sleeve 25 pushes the inclined wedge drive sleeve 33 to move axially forward. The inclined wedge drive sleeve 33 pushes the straightening block 36 to extend radially through the inclined drive surface. The outer end of the straightening block 36 abuts against the well wall to achieve straightening of the drill string.

[0034] Furthermore, a linkage output connector 9 is provided between the floating mandrel sleeve 25 and the rear end of the lower mandrel 23.

[0035] In a further optimized design, the wedge-driven straightening mechanism includes a wedge drive sleeve 33 slidably sleeved around the lower mandrel 23. A plurality of straightening blocks 36 are correspondingly arranged on the straightening section housing 37, and the straightening blocks 36 slide through the straightening section housing 37. The wedge drive sleeve 33 can move axially along the device under the action of the mandrel assembly or a mechanical triggering mechanism. The straightening blocks 36 are radially slidably mounted on the straightening section housing 37, and the wedge drive sleeve 33 pushes the straightening blocks 36 radially outward through the wedge surface.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the wedge drive sleeve 33 is provided with multiple inclined drive surfaces, and the inner side of the centralizing block 36 is provided with a driven inclined surface that slides and engages with the inclined drive surfaces. When the wedge drive sleeve 33 moves axially, it pushes the centralizing block 36 to extend radially through the inclined drive surfaces. The angle between the inclined drive surfaces and the axial direction of the device is 8°, so that the centralizing block 36 forms a self-locking or quasi-self-locking state after extending and abutting the well wall.

[0037] When the wedge drive sleeve 33 pushes the centering block 36 to extend, the one-way valve opens, allowing the damping medium to flow rapidly; when the wedge drive sleeve 33 retracts under the action of the damping piston 38 and the return spring, the one-way valve closes, allowing the damping medium to flow slowly through the throttling orifice, thereby slowing down the retraction speed of the wedge drive sleeve 33.

[0038] The scheme is further optimized. The hysteresis positioning mechanism includes a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove on the outer wall of the wedge drive sleeve 33. The first positioning groove is set to correspond to the retraction position of the straightening block 36, and the second positioning groove is set to correspond to the extension position of the straightening block 36. A groove is opened on the inner wall of the straightening section housing 37. The bottom wall of the groove is connected to the steel ball body 34 through the steel ball spring 35. The steel ball body 34 is set to correspond to the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove.

[0039] Both the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are annular asymmetrical V-shaped grooves. The slope angle of the second positioning groove on the side facing the retraction direction of the wedge drive sleeve 33 is greater than the slope angle on the entry side, so as to increase the resistance when the wedge drive sleeve 33 retracts from the extended position, thereby forming a hysteresis holding effect after the straightening block 36 extends.

[0040] A guide pull-back structure is provided between the straightening block 36 and the wedge drive sleeve 33. The guide pull-back structure is one of a T-slot, a dovetail groove, or a limiting slide groove, so that the straightening block 36 can be driven to retract radially when the wedge drive sleeve 33 is reset and retracted.

[0041] When the drill string is subjected to axial impact load or eccentric wall adhesion, the mandrel assembly generates axial displacement and drives the wedge drive sleeve 33 to move. The wedge drive sleeve 33 pushes the centering block 36 to extend radially, and the steel ball body 34 enters the second positioning groove to maintain the extended state of the centering block 36. When the axial impact load and lateral wall adhesion decrease, the damping release reset mechanism causes the wedge drive sleeve 33 to slowly retract, thereby driving the centering block 36 to retract and reset.

[0042] The optimized design includes a damping hydraulic cylinder 42 located at the bottom of the straightening section housing 37. The bottom of the lower spindle 23 is located inside the damping hydraulic cylinder 42, and a damping piston 38 is installed inside the cylinder. The damping piston 38 contacts the bottom of the wedge drive sleeve 33 to limit the retraction speed of the wedge drive sleeve 33. A one-way valve is installed inside the damping piston 38. A limit stop 43 is installed at the bottom of the lower spindle 23, with its top located inside the damping hydraulic cylinder 42. A damping sealing ring 41, forming a sealing fit, is installed between the top of the limit stop 43 and the damping hydraulic cylinder 42. A damping return spring 40 is installed between the limit stop 43 and the damping piston 38, located around the lower spindle 23. The limit stop 43 limits the maximum retraction position or maximum axial travel of the damping piston 38 and the wedge drive sleeve 33.

[0043] When the axial impact load decreases and the lateral wall-adhering effect diminishes, the damping piston 38 and the wedge drive sleeve 33 are pushed back by the return spring. At this time, the one-way valve closes, and the damping medium can only flow slowly through the throttling orifice, causing the wedge drive sleeve 33 to slowly retract. The centering block 36 retracts after a delay under the forced pull of the T-slot and the action of the radial return spring.

[0044] The damping piston 38 is slidably disposed in the damping hydraulic cylinder 42. A front damping chamber and a rear damping chamber are formed on both sides of the damping piston 38. A throttle orifice and a one-way valve are provided on the damping piston 38. The throttle orifice and the one-way valve are connected in parallel to the front damping chamber and the rear damping chamber.

[0045] In a further optimized design, an upper connector 1 is installed inside the sleeve 5. The top of the upper connector 1 is located outside the sleeve 5, and the bottom of the upper connector 1 is in contact with the top of the upper mandrel 4. A torsion spline sleeve 2 is installed between the upper connector 1 and the sleeve 5. The torsion spline sleeve 2 is used to transmit torque and allow the upper mandrel 4 to generate axial displacement relative to the housing assembly. A torsion joint 3 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve 5. The torsion joint 3 is located at the bottom of the upper connector 1 and around the upper mandrel 4.

[0046] In a further optimized design, a lower connector 22 is mounted on the top of the intermediate housing 31. The lower connector 22 is located around the lower spindle 23. A balance hydraulic cylinder 19 is installed between the lower connector 22 and the shock-absorbing hydraulic cylinder 17. The bottom of the intermediate spindle 18 is located inside the balance hydraulic cylinder 19. A balance piston 20 is installed inside the balance hydraulic cylinder 19. A balance spring 21 is installed between the balance piston 20 and the bottom wall of the balance hydraulic cylinder 19. The balance spring 21 is used to compensate for volume changes in the hydraulic medium within the shock-absorbing mechanism and to assist in the resetting of the spindle assembly.

[0047] The design is further optimized by setting a limit sleeve 7 between the impact joint 8 and the upper housing 11, and installing a sliding sealing ring 6 on the inner top wall of the upper housing 11, with the sliding sealing ring 6 in contact with the outer top wall of the impact joint 8.

[0048] The working process of this invention: Initial retraction state: The steel ball body 34 is embedded in the first positioning groove, the wedge drive sleeve 33 is in the initial position, the straightening block 36 is retracted into the window of the straightening section housing 37 or only slightly extended, and the pilot trigger block 29 is kept in the extended state under the action of the trigger block reset spring 28.

[0049] Eccentric wall-attached pre-trigger state: When the drill string is eccentrically attached to the wall, the pilot trigger block 29 first contacts the well wall and moves radially inward due to the reaction force of the well wall. It pushes the booster block 26 to move through the radial trigger pin 27. The booster block 26 applies axial boosting force to the floating mandrel sleeve 25 to help overcome the pre-tightening resistance.

[0050] Axial impact trigger state: When the drill string is subjected to axial impact, the upper mandrel 4 and lower mandrel 23 of the damping section generate axial displacement, which pushes the floating mandrel sleeve 25 to move axially through the thrust shoulder 24. Under the combined action of axial impact force and lateral thrust, the floating mandrel sleeve 25 overcomes the preload resistance and pushes the wedge drive sleeve 33 forward.

[0051] In the extended state of the centralizing block 36: when the inclined wedge drive sleeve 33 moves forward, the steel ball body 34 is squeezed out of the first positioning groove, and the inclined wedge drive sleeve 33 pushes the centralizing block 36 to extend radially through the inclined drive surface. The one-way valve opens, the damping piston 38 moves forward rapidly, and the centralizing block 36 quickly abuts against the well wall, realizing drill string centralization.

[0052] Extended and held position: After the centralizing block 36 extends into place, the steel ball body 34 falls into the second positioning groove, holding the wedge drive sleeve 33 in the extended position. Due to the 8° small angle design of the wedge drive surface, the centralizing block 36 forms a self-locking mechanism under the reaction force of the well wall, and will not push the wedge drive sleeve 33 back in the opposite direction.

[0053] Delayed Reset State: When the axial impact load decreases and the lateral wall-adhesion effect diminishes, the pilot trigger block 29 resets, and the radial trigger pin 27 and the pusher block 26 release their boosting force. The reset spring pushes the floating mandrel sleeve 25 and the wedge drive sleeve 33 back. At this time, the one-way valve closes, the damping medium flows slowly through the throttling orifice, and the wedge drive sleeve 33 slowly retracts. The centering block 36 slowly retracts under the forced pull of the T-slot and the action of the radial reset spring, and the steel ball body 34 finally re-embeds into the first positioning slot, and the device returns to its initial retracted state.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device, characterized in that, include: The housing assembly includes a sleeve (5), an upper housing (11), an intermediate housing (31), and a centralizing section housing (37) arranged coaxially. A mechanical triggering mechanism is provided inside the intermediate housing (31) to sense the eccentricity of the drill string and generate axial thrust. A wedge centralizing mechanism and a hysteresis positioning mechanism are provided inside the centralizing section housing (37), with the hysteresis positioning mechanism corresponding to the wedge centralizing mechanism. The mandrel assembly is arranged to pass through the sleeve (5), the upper housing (11), the intermediate housing (31) and the straightening section housing (37) in sequence; The shock absorption mechanism is located at the bottom of the upper housing (11) and is used to absorb the axial impact load of the drill string and convert the axial displacement of the mandrel assembly into axial driving force. The damping and release reset mechanism is located below the housing (37) of the straightening section. The damping and release reset mechanism is used to limit the retraction speed of the wedge straightening mechanism when the axial impact load and lateral wall-adhering effect decrease, so that the straightening block (36) retracts and resets after a delay.

2. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandrel assembly includes an upper mandrel (4), an intermediate mandrel (18), and a lower mandrel (23) arranged coaxially. The upper mandrel (4) is located inside the sleeve (5), the top end of the intermediate mandrel (18) is located inside the upper housing (11), and the lower mandrel (23) is arranged through the intermediate housing (31) and the straightening section housing (37).

3. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock absorption mechanism includes an impact joint (8) located inside the upper housing (11). The impact joint (8) is located at the top of the intermediate spindle (18). A shock absorption hydraulic cylinder (17) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper housing (11). A shock absorption piston (15) and a buffer valve (14) are installed inside the shock absorption hydraulic cylinder (17). A hydraulic sealing ring (16) is installed around the shock absorption piston (15). A disc spring washer (10) is provided between the impact joint (8) and the inner wall of the upper housing (11). A disc spring body (12) is provided between the disc spring washers (10). A retaining ring (13) is installed inside the upper housing (11). The retaining ring (13) is located below the disc spring body (12).

4. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mechanical triggering mechanism includes a floating mandrel sleeve (25) sleeved on the outside of the lower mandrel (23). A thrust shoulder (24) and a booster block (26) are fixedly connected to the outside of the floating mandrel sleeve (25). A pilot trigger block (29) is installed on the intermediate housing (31). A radial trigger pin (27) is connected inside the pilot trigger block (29) through a trigger block reset spring (28). The radial trigger pin (27) is correspondingly set with the booster block (26).

5. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wedge straightening mechanism includes a wedge drive sleeve (33) slidably sleeved around the lower spindle (23). A plurality of straightening blocks (36) are provided on the straightening section housing (37) corresponding to the wedge drive sleeve (33). The straightening blocks (36) are slidably inserted through the straightening section housing (37). A guide pull-back structure is provided between the straightening blocks (36) and the wedge drive sleeve (33). The guide pull-back structure is one of a T-groove, a dovetail groove, or a limiting groove.

6. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hysteresis positioning mechanism includes a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove on the outer wall of the wedge drive sleeve (33). The first positioning groove is set to correspond to the retracted position of the straightening block (36), and the second positioning groove is set to correspond to the extended position of the straightening block (36). The inner wall of the straightening section housing (37) is provided with a groove. The bottom wall of the groove is connected to a steel ball body (34) through a steel ball spring (35). The steel ball body (34) is set to correspond to the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove.

7. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The damping release and reset mechanism includes a damping hydraulic cylinder (42) located at the bottom end of the straightening section housing (37). The bottom end of the lower spindle (23) is located inside the damping hydraulic cylinder (42). A damping piston (38) is installed inside the damping hydraulic cylinder (42). The damping piston (38) is in contact with the bottom end of the wedge drive sleeve (33). A one-way valve is installed inside the damping piston (38). A limit stop (43) is installed at the bottom end of the lower spindle (23). The top end of the limit stop (43) is located inside the damping hydraulic cylinder (42). A damping sealing ring (41) capable of forming a sealing fit is installed between the top end of the limit stop (43) and the damping hydraulic cylinder (42). A damping reset spring (40) is installed between the limit stop (43) and the damping piston (38). The damping reset spring (40) is located on the periphery of the lower spindle (23).

8. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper connector (1) is installed inside the sleeve (5). The top of the upper connector (1) is located outside the sleeve (5). The bottom of the upper connector (1) is in contact with the top of the upper mandrel (4). A torsion spline sleeve (2) is installed between the upper connector (1) and the sleeve (5). A torsion joint (3) is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve (5). The torsion joint (3) is located at the bottom of the upper connector (1) and around the upper mandrel (4).

9. The mechanically self-triggered drill string vibration damping and straightening integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the intermediate housing (31) is equipped with a lower connector (22), which is located around the lower spindle (23). A balance hydraulic cylinder (19) is installed between the lower connector (22) and the shock-absorbing hydraulic cylinder (17). The bottom of the intermediate spindle (18) is located inside the balance hydraulic cylinder (19). A balance piston (20) is installed inside the balance hydraulic cylinder (19). A balance spring (21) is installed between the balance piston (20) and the bottom wall of the balance hydraulic cylinder (19).

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