Downhole multistage spiral gas-liquid separation device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of gas-liquid separation in well, and discloses a multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separation device in well. The multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separation device in well comprises a first-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism, a second-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism and a third-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism. The multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separation device in well has compact structure, can operate in limited space in well, and has strong adaptability. Through combination with cyclone centrifugal separation technology and multi-stage separation, efficient separation of gas phase and liquid phase natural gas is realized, and resource utilization rate and gas-liquid separation quality and efficiency are greatly improved. After three times of gas-liquid separation of the multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separation device in well, the gas-liquid separation effect of the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas produced from gas reservoir is improved, useless work of gas phase natural gas carrying liquid droplets rising in the production process is avoided, and then the yield and service life of the gas well are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of downhole gas-liquid separation technology, and in particular to a downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of oil and gas extraction technology in my country, the problem of liquid accumulation in gas wells is often encountered during the production process. This means that as the pressure in the gas reservoir decreases, the produced water and condensate cannot be discharged from the wellbore with the natural gas flow, resulting in the formation of a liquid column at the bottom of the well. This increases the hydrostatic back pressure of the gas well, reduces the self-flowing energy of the gas well, and in severe cases, may even lead to the shutdown of the gas well.

[0003] To address this issue, downhole gas-liquid separation technology has emerged. This technology utilizes downhole gas-liquid separators to directly separate the gas-liquid mixture produced by gas wells downhole, and reinject the liquid portion back into the gas reservoir. This reduces the costs of liquid lift and treatment, extends the economic life of high water-cut gas wells, and reduces environmental pressure. However, the design of downhole gas-liquid separators needs to consider different well conditions and the characteristics of gas-liquid mixtures to ensure separation efficiency and device adaptability.

[0004] Related technologies have proposed a cyclone downhole gas-liquid separator, which uses a combination of a separation cylinder assembly and a spiral assembly to separate the gas-liquid mixture through the separation cylinder assembly and then further separate it through the spiral assembly, thus achieving the purpose of gas-liquid separation. However, this device has a simple structure and low separation efficiency, and cannot achieve efficient gas-liquid separation in gas wells under complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator to solve the technical problems of existing devices having simple structures, low separation efficiency, and inability to achieve efficient gas-liquid separation in gas wells under complex operating conditions.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, comprising:

[0008] A primary gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a first spiral component, a first sleeve, and a second sleeve. The upper end of the first sleeve is connected to an upper oil pipe coupling, and a first through hole is formed in the upper part of the first sleeve wall. The second sleeve is connected to the lower end of the first sleeve. The first spiral component is disposed inside the first sleeve, and an end cap is provided at the upper end of the first spiral component. The end cap is used to separate the upper oil pipe coupling and the first sleeve. A first exhaust channel is provided inside the first spiral component and is connected to the upper oil pipe coupling. The first sleeve is connected to the lower end of the first exhaust channel, and the second sleeve is disposed inside the second sleeve.

[0009] A two-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a third sleeve, a second spiral component, and a third sleeve. The third sleeve is connected to the lower end of the second sleeve, and a lower oil pipe coupling is connected to the lower end of the third sleeve. The second spiral component is disposed inside the third sleeve, and a second exhaust channel is disposed inside the second spiral component. A second through hole is opened on the side wall of the second exhaust channel located below the second spiral component. The third sleeve is connected to the lower end of the second exhaust channel.

[0010] The three-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a third spiral component, which is disposed inside the third sleeve. The third spiral component has a third exhaust channel, which extends upward into the first exhaust channel and has a diameter smaller than the first exhaust channel.

[0011] Optionally, the first spiral component includes a first columnar spiral structure, the outer diameter of the first columnar spiral structure is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sleeve, the first columnar spiral structure is located below the first through hole, and the first exhaust channel is located at the axis of the first columnar spiral structure and extends along the axial direction of the first columnar spiral structure.

[0012] Optionally, a first joint is provided between the first sleeve and the upper oil pipe coupling, the upper end of the first joint is screwed to the upper oil pipe coupling, the lower end of the first joint is screwed to the upper end of the end cap, and the lower end of the end cap is screwed to the first sleeve.

[0013] Optionally, a second connector is provided between the third sleeve and the second sleeve. The upper end of the second connector is screwed to the second sleeve, and the lower end of the second connector is screwed to the third sleeve. The second connector has a ring-shaped structure, and multiple first infusion holes are opened on the end face of the ring-shaped structure.

[0014] Optionally, both the first sleeve and the second sleeve are tapered sleeves. The first sleeve is screwed to the lower end of the first exhaust channel, and the second sleeve is screwed to the second connector and located below the first sleeve.

[0015] Optionally, the second spiral component includes a second columnar spiral structure, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the third sleeve, the second exhaust channel is located at the axis of the second columnar spiral structure and extends along the axial direction of the second columnar spiral structure, and the upper end of the second exhaust channel is screwed to the second connector.

[0016] Optionally, the upper end of the third spiral component is provided with a connecting end, which is screwed to the second connector, and the connecting end is provided with a plurality of second infusion holes that penetrate itself in the vertical direction.

[0017] Optionally, the lower end of the third sleeve is a cylindrical liquid accumulation cavity, and a drainage hole is provided on the cavity wall of the cylindrical liquid accumulation cavity.

[0018] Optionally, multiple first through holes are provided at intervals along the circumference of the first sleeve.

[0019] Optionally, multiple second through holes are provided at circumferential intervals along the sidewall of the second exhaust channel.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] This invention provides a downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, applied to downhole gas-liquid separation in natural gas wells. It connects to the upper and lower production tubing via upper and lower tubing couplings, respectively. A packer is installed in the annulus above the multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, allowing the gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas in the reservoir to enter the first-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism through the first through-hole on the first casing. After entering the first-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism, the gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas first flows spirally through the first spiral component and onto its outer side. Under centrifugal force, a large amount of less dense gaseous natural gas adheres to the outer wall of the first casing and flows downward spirally. Subsequently, it flows upward spirally along the inner wall of the first casing and exits through the first exhaust channel into the production tubing. The remaining gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas is divided into two parts: one part adheres to the inner wall of the first casing and flows into the second casing, and the other part adheres to the outer wall of the first casing and flows into the second casing, thus completing the first gas-liquid separation. The gas-liquid mixture of natural gas flowing into the second casing flows downwards to the secondary gas-liquid separation mechanism. It flows through the second spiral component and spirals outwards. Under centrifugal force, the less dense gaseous natural gas enters the second exhaust channel through the second through-hole, while the denser water or condensate adheres to the inner wall of the third casing and flows downwards to the settling chamber at the bottom of the third casing, thus completing the second gas-liquid separation. The gas-liquid mixture of natural gas flowing into the second casing flows downwards to the tertiary gas-liquid separation mechanism, where it merges with the gaseous natural gas from the second gas-liquid separation and flows together through the third spiral component. Under centrifugal force, the less dense gaseous natural gas separates from the gas-liquid mixture and exits through the third exhaust channel into the production oil pipeline. The denser water or condensate adheres to the inner wall of the third casing and flows to the bottom of the third casing under gravity, thus completing the third gas-liquid separation. The separated water or condensate is ultimately reinjected into the gas reservoir or abandoned layer. This downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator has a compact structure, can operate within the limited space of a well, and is highly adaptable. By combining it with cyclone centrifugal separation technology, it employs multi-stage separation to achieve highly efficient separation of gaseous and liquid phase natural gas, greatly improving resource utilization and the quality and efficiency of gas-liquid separation. After the mixed-phase natural gas produced from the gas reservoir undergoes three stages of gas-liquid separation in the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separation effect of the mixed-phase natural gas is improved, avoiding the wasted work done by the gaseous natural gas carrying liquid droplets upwards during production, thereby increasing the production and service life of the gas well. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along AA;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary gas-liquid separation mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along BB;

[0026] Figure 5 The explosion is a partial structural explosion of the primary gas-liquid separation mechanism described in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 6 The explosion is a partial structural explosion of the primary gas-liquid separation mechanism described in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism and the three-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Sectional view along CC;

[0030] Figure 9 These are exploded views of parts of the secondary gas-liquid separation mechanism and the tertiary gas-liquid separation mechanism described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second spiral component and the third sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view along DD.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second spiral component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the third spiral component described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third spiral component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third spiral component according to an embodiment of the present invention and a cross-sectional view along EE.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 11. First sleeve; 111. First through hole; 12. Second sleeve; 13. First spiral component; 131. End cap; 132. First venting channel; 133. First columnar spiral structure; 14. First sleeve; 15. Second sleeve; 21. Third sleeve; 22. Second spiral component; 221. Second venting channel; 222. Second through hole; 223. Second columnar spiral structure; 23. Third sleeve; 231. Columnar liquid accumulation chamber; 232. Drain hole; 31. Third spiral component; 311. Third venting channel; 312. Connecting end; 313. Second infusion hole; 100. Upper oil pipe coupling; 200. Lower oil pipe coupling; 300. First connector; 400. Second connector; 410. First infusion hole. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 15As shown, this invention provides a downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, including a primary gas-liquid separator, a secondary gas-liquid separator, and a tertiary gas-liquid separator. The primary gas-liquid separator includes a first casing 11, a second casing 12, a first spiral component 13, a first sleeve 14, and a second sleeve 15. The upper end of the first casing 11 is connected to an upper tubing coupling 100, and a first through hole 111 is formed in the upper wall of the first casing 11. The second casing 12 is connected to the lower end of the first casing 11. The first spiral component 13 is disposed inside the first casing 11, and an end cap 131 is provided at its upper end. The end cap 131 separates the upper tubing coupling 100 from the first casing 11. A first venting channel 132 is provided inside the first spiral component 13, and the first venting channel 132 communicates with the upper tubing coupling 100. The first sleeve 14 is connected to the lower end of the first venting channel 132, and the second sleeve 15 is disposed inside the second casing 12. The secondary gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a third sleeve 21, a second spiral component 22, and a third sleeve 23. The third sleeve 21 is connected to the lower end of the second sleeve 12, and a lower oil pipe coupling 200 is connected to the lower end of the third sleeve 21. The second spiral component 22 is disposed inside the third sleeve 21, and a second exhaust channel 221 is provided inside the second spiral component 22. A second through hole 222 is opened on the side wall of the second exhaust channel 221 located below the second spiral component 22. The third sleeve 23 is connected to the lower end of the second exhaust channel 221. The tertiary gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a third spiral component 31, which is disposed inside the third sleeve 23. A third exhaust channel 311 is provided inside the third spiral component 31, and the third exhaust channel 311 extends upward into the first exhaust channel 132 and has a diameter smaller than the first exhaust channel 132.

[0044] When the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator is applied to gas-liquid separation in natural gas wells, it connects to the upper and lower production tubing via the upper tubing coupling 100 and the lower tubing coupling 200, respectively. A packer is installed in the annulus above the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, allowing the gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas in the gas reservoir to enter the first-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism through the first through-hole 111 on the first casing 11. After entering the first-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism, the gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas first flows spirally through the first spiral component 13 and on its outer side. Under centrifugal force, a large amount of less dense gaseous natural gas adheres to the outer wall of the first sleeve 14 and flows downward spirally. Subsequently, it flows upward spirally along the inner wall of the first sleeve 14 and is discharged into the production tubing through the first exhaust channel 132. The remaining gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas is divided into two parts: one part adheres to the inner wall of the first casing 11 and flows into the second casing 12, and the other part adheres to the outer wall of the first sleeve 14 and flows into the second sleeve 15, thus completing the first gas-liquid separation. The gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas flowing into the second casing 12 flows downward to the secondary gas-liquid separation mechanism, passing through the second spiral component 22 and spiraling outward. Under centrifugal force, the less dense gaseous natural gas enters the second exhaust channel 221 through the second through-hole 222, while the denser water or condensate adheres to the inner wall of the third casing 21 and flows downward to the settling chamber at the bottom of the third casing 21, thus completing the second gas-liquid separation. The gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas flowing into the second sleeve 15 flows downward into the tertiary gas-liquid separation mechanism, where it merges with the gaseous natural gas from the second gas-liquid separation and passes through the third spiral component 31. Under centrifugal force, the less dense gaseous natural gas is separated from the gas-liquid mixed-phase natural gas and exits through the third exhaust channel 311 into the production oil pipeline, while the denser water or condensate adheres to the inner wall of the third sleeve 23 and flows to the bottom of the third sleeve 23 under gravity, thus completing the third gas-liquid separation. The separated water or condensate is ultimately reinjected into the gas reservoir or abandoned layer.

[0045] This downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator has a compact structure, can operate within the limited space of a well, and is highly adaptable. By combining it with cyclone centrifugal separation technology, it employs multi-stage separation to achieve highly efficient separation of gaseous and liquid phase natural gas, greatly improving resource utilization and the quality and efficiency of gas-liquid separation. After the mixed-phase natural gas produced from the gas reservoir undergoes three stages of gas-liquid separation in the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separation effect of the mixed-phase natural gas is improved, avoiding the wasted work done by the gaseous natural gas carrying liquid droplets upwards during production, thereby increasing the production and service life of the gas well.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 or Figure 3As shown, multiple first through holes 111 are spaced apart along the circumference of the first sleeve 11. The multiple circumferentially distributed first through holes 111 enable the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas to enter the first-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism uniformly from the annulus, avoiding the flow deviation caused by unilateral liquid inlet and improving the centrifugal gas-liquid separation effect of the first spiral component 13.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 or Figure 12 As shown, multiple second through holes 222 are spaced apart circumferentially along the side wall of the second exhaust channel 221. The multiple circumferentially distributed second through holes 222 allow the gaseous natural gas after the second gas-liquid separation to enter the second exhaust channel 221 simultaneously from multiple directions, significantly reducing the intake resistance, avoiding vortex interference caused by local airflow concentration, ensuring the smooth discharge of the separated gas, and improving the stability and efficiency of the second gas-liquid separation.

[0048] Optionally, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first spiral component 13 includes a first columnar spiral structure 133. The outer diameter of the first columnar spiral structure 133 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sleeve 11. The first columnar spiral structure 133 is located below the first through hole 111, and the first exhaust channel 132 is located at the axis of the first columnar spiral structure 133 and extends along the axial direction of the first columnar spiral structure 133. The smaller outer diameter of the first columnar spiral structure 133 creates sufficient annular flow space within the primary gas-liquid separation mechanism, ensuring that the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas can flow sufficiently along the outer spiral of the first spiral component 13, extending the fluid path and improving centrifugal separation time and gas-liquid separation efficiency. The first columnar spiral structure 133 is located below the first through hole 111, allowing all the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas to flow through the first spiral component 13 after entering the primary gas-liquid separation mechanism, thus improving the centrifugal separation effect of the primary gas-liquid separation mechanism on the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a first connector 300 is provided between the first casing 11 and the upper tubing coupling 100. The upper end of the first connector 300 is screwed to the upper tubing coupling 100, and the lower end of the first connector 300 is screwed to the upper end of the end cap 131. The lower end of the end cap 131 is screwed to the first casing 11. The above components are connected by screws to achieve detachable connection, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, improving the convenience of device assembly and subsequent maintenance.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a second connector 400 is provided between the third casing 21 and the second casing 12. The upper end of the second connector 400 is screwed to the second casing 12, and the lower end of the second connector 400 is screwed to the third casing 21. The second connector 400 has a ring-shaped structure, and multiple first fluid inlet holes 410 are opened on the end face of the ring-shaped structure. The above components are connected by screws to achieve detachable connection, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator. By opening multiple first fluid inlet holes 410 on the second connector 400, the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas adhering to the inner wall of the first casing 11 after the first gas-liquid separation can enter the second casing 12 for a second gas-liquid separation.

[0051] Optionally, such as Figure 4 or Figure 6 As shown, both the first sleeve 14 and the second sleeve 15 are conical sleeves. The first sleeve 14 is screwed to the lower end of the first exhaust channel 132, and the second sleeve 15 is screwed to the second connector 400 and located below the first sleeve 14. The first sleeve 14, being a conical sleeve, forms a flow cross-section that gradually decreases in size, guiding the flow direction of the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas and increasing its flow velocity. Screwed to the lower end of the first exhaust channel 132, the first sleeve 14 effectively collects the gaseous natural gas and guides it upwards for discharge. Screwed to the second connector 400 and located below the first sleeve 14, the second sleeve 15 accurately receives the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas flowing down the outer wall of the first sleeve 14.

[0052] For example, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the second spiral component 22 includes a second columnar spiral structure 223, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the third sleeve 21. The second exhaust channel 221 is located at the axis of the second columnar spiral structure 223 and extends axially along it. The upper end of the second exhaust channel 221 is screwed to the second connector 400. The outer diameter of the second columnar spiral structure 223 is smaller than the inner diameter of the third sleeve 21, forming sufficient annular flow space within the secondary gas-liquid separation mechanism. This ensures sufficient spiral flow of the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas, extends the fluid path, and improves centrifugal separation time and gas-liquid separation efficiency. The upper end of the second exhaust channel 221 is screwed to the second connector 400, achieving a stable connection and quick disassembly / reassembly between the second spiral component 22 and the upper structure, facilitating future maintenance or individual replacement of the second spiral component 22.

[0053] For example, such as Figure 11As shown, the lower end of the third sleeve 23 is a cylindrical liquid accumulation chamber 231, and a drain hole 232 is provided on the wall of the cylindrical liquid accumulation chamber 231. The cylindrical liquid accumulation chamber 231 provides a temporary storage space for the water or condensate separated after the third gas-liquid separation, preventing the liquid from flowing back quickly and causing secondary entrainment. The drain hole 232 allows the liquid in the cylindrical liquid accumulation chamber 231 to be discharged to the settling chamber at the bottom of the third sleeve 21 in a timely manner, preventing the liquid level from being too high and affecting the effect of the third gas-liquid separation. Furthermore, a baffle and a spring are also provided in the cylindrical liquid accumulation chamber 231. The baffle is horizontally set and has the same cross-sectional shape as the cylindrical liquid accumulation chamber 231, and the spring is set below the baffle. Liquid accumulates in the cylindrical accumulating chamber 231, forming a baffle inside. As the liquid continues to accumulate, when the pressure of the liquid on the baffle exceeds the supporting force of the spring, the baffle moves downward, and the liquid also moves downward within the cylindrical accumulating chamber 231 and is discharged through the drain hole 232. After the liquid is discharged, the pressure on the baffle gradually decreases until it equals the supporting force of the spring, at which point the baffle stabilizes. At this point, the liquid accumulates in the cylindrical accumulating chamber 231, isolating the gaseous natural gas and allowing all the gaseous natural gas to enter the production oil pipe through the third exhaust channel 311 and be discharged, preventing the gaseous natural gas from flowing out of the third sleeve 23.

[0054] Optionally, such as Figures 13 to 15 As shown, the upper end of the third spiral component 31 is provided with a connecting end 312, which is screwed onto the second connector 400. The connecting end 312 has multiple second liquid inlet holes 313 that penetrate vertically through it. The connecting end 312 serves as the mounting base for the third spiral component 31, and is fixed to the second connector 400 by screwing, achieving rapid positioning and connection of the third spiral component 31. The second liquid inlet holes 313 allow the gas-liquid mixed phase natural gas that enters the second sleeve 15 after the first gas-liquid separation to enter the tertiary gas-liquid separation mechanism, ensuring the continuity of the tertiary gas-liquid separation.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator, characterized in that, include: A primary gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a first spiral component, a first cylindrical sleeve, and a second cylindrical sleeve. The upper end of the first sleeve is connected to an upper oil pipe coupling. A first through hole is formed in the upper wall of the first sleeve. The second sleeve is connected to the lower end of the first sleeve. The first spiral component is disposed inside the first sleeve. An end cap is provided at the upper end of the first spiral component to separate the upper oil pipe coupling and the first sleeve. A first exhaust channel is provided inside the first spiral component and communicates with the upper oil pipe coupling. The first spiral component includes a first columnar spiral structure located below the first through hole. The first exhaust channel is located at the axis of the first columnar spiral structure and extends axially along the first columnar spiral structure. The first cylindrical sleeve is connected to the lower end of the first exhaust channel. The second cylindrical sleeve is disposed inside the second sleeve. A two-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a third sleeve, a second spiral component, and a third sleeve. The third sleeve is connected to the lower end of the second sleeve. A second connector is provided between the third sleeve and the second sleeve. The second connector has a ring-shaped structure, and multiple first infusion holes are opened on the end face of the ring-shaped structure. A lower oil pipe coupling is connected to the lower end of the third sleeve. The second spiral component is disposed inside the third sleeve and has a second exhaust channel. A second through hole is opened on the side wall of the second exhaust channel located below the second spiral component. The second spiral component includes a second columnar spiral structure. The outer diameter of the second columnar spiral structure is smaller than the inner diameter of the third sleeve. The second exhaust channel is located at the axis of the second columnar spiral structure and extends along the axial direction of the second columnar spiral structure. The third sleeve is connected to the lower end of the second exhaust channel. Both the first sleeve and the second sleeve are tapered sleeves. The first sleeve is screwed to the lower end of the first exhaust channel, and the second sleeve is screwed to the second connector and located below the first sleeve. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the size of the second sleeve is larger than the size of the first sleeve. The three-stage gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a third spiral component, which is disposed inside the third sleeve. The upper end of the third spiral component is provided with a connecting end, and the connecting end is provided with multiple second liquid inlet holes that penetrate it vertically. The third spiral component is provided with a third exhaust channel, which extends upward into the first exhaust channel and has a diameter smaller than the first exhaust channel.

2. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the first columnar spiral structure is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sleeve.

3. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first joint is provided between the first sleeve and the upper oil pipe coupling. The upper end of the first joint is screwed to the upper oil pipe coupling, the lower end of the first joint is screwed to the upper end of the end cap, and the lower end of the end cap is screwed to the first sleeve.

4. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the second connector is screwed to the second sleeve, and the lower end of the second connector is screwed to the third sleeve.

5. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the second exhaust passage is screwed to the second connector.

6. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting end is screwed onto the second connector.

7. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the third sleeve is a cylindrical liquid accumulation cavity, and a drainage hole is provided on the cavity wall of the cylindrical liquid accumulation cavity.

8. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first through hole is provided in multiple spaces at intervals along the circumference of the first sleeve.

9. The downhole multi-stage spiral gas-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The second through holes are provided in multiple circumferentially spaced along the side wall of the second exhaust channel.

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