Integrated high speed centrifugal blower assembly

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit, relating to the field of ventilation equipment technology. The invention includes a blower casing, inside which a cylindrical impeller driven by a motor is rotatably mounted. A first partition and a second partition are slidably connected within the blower casing, with the second partition located inside the first partition. A baffle plate is rotatably mounted inside the first partition, and a baffle ring is rotatably mounted inside the second partition. Both the baffle plate and the baffle ring have perforations. This invention achieves deep integration of three major functions: airflow regulation, dual-stage pressurization, and self-cleaning. The various structural functions mutually enhance and synergistically improve efficiency, offering advantages such as wide operating condition adjustment, high-pressure smoke extraction, low-noise operation, and long-term maintenance-free operation. The unit has low energy consumption and a long lifespan, and can be widely used in various household ventilation scenarios such as range hoods, household fresh air systems, kitchen and bathroom exhaust systems, and drying air supply, demonstrating outstanding comprehensive benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ventilation equipment technology, specifically to an integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal blowers are widely used in household kitchen exhaust, indoor fresh air exchange, and kitchen and bathroom ventilation, and are the core power components of various ventilation appliances. Most existing conventional single-stage centrifugal blowers adopt a fixed impeller structure, and the air volume adjustment method is generally motor frequency conversion speed regulation and inlet and outlet damper throttling adjustment, which has many inherent defects in overall operation.

[0003] Firstly, regarding airflow regulation, traditional fans have a narrow stable operating range, with flow rate adjustment limited to only 70%-100% of the rated flow. Under low flow conditions, they are prone to airflow surge and turbulent eddies, resulting in significantly increased operating vibration and noise. To suppress surge, an additional vent valve is required, causing substantial energy loss and making it difficult to adapt to diverse usage scenarios such as quiet ventilation at night with low airflow and gentle ventilation under low load. Furthermore, relying solely on frequency converter speed regulation to adjust airflow leads to a significant decrease in aerodynamic efficiency at low speeds, resulting in high overall energy consumption. Adjusting the damper's throttling function generates additional airflow resistance and aerodynamic whistling, making it impossible to balance wide-range adjustment with high-efficiency operation.

[0004] In terms of wind pressure performance, existing fans are all single-stage pressurization structures with limited static pressure boosting capacity. When faced with long ducts, multiple bends, and high back pressure conditions in shared flues, the outlet air volume decreases significantly, easily leading to problems such as weak smoke extraction, backflow of fumes, and incomplete indoor ventilation. If a multi-stage impeller series structure is adopted to increase wind pressure, it will result in increased equipment size, structural complexity, and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the dynamic balancing of dual impellers is difficult, and the operating vibration and noise are high, making it unsuitable for the compact installation requirements of residential applications.

[0005] In the field of impeller self-cleaning, fan impellers in kitchen oily environments are prone to adhering sticky oil and sludge. After long-term use, the impeller's dynamic balance becomes unbalanced, resulting in a continuous decrease in airflow and air pressure, increased noise, increased motor load, and shortened motor lifespan. Existing self-cleaning solutions mostly involve high-temperature steam cleaning, hot water rinsing, centrifugal oil removal, and chemical reagent cleaning, which have many drawbacks: steam and water washing solutions can easily cause motor moisture, short circuits, and component aging; simple centrifugal oil removal can only remove surface oil and cannot remove solidified carbonized oil stains; chemical cleaning leaves odor residue, component corrosion, and secondary pollution problems. Moreover, various cleaning structures are set up independently and cannot be integrated with airflow regulation and airflow boosting structures, resulting in redundant parts, bloated structures, cumbersome control, and high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit includes a blower casing. A cylindrical impeller driven by a motor is rotatably installed inside the blower casing. A first partition and a second partition are slidably connected inside the blower casing. The second partition is located inside the first partition. A baffle plate is rotatably installed inside the first partition. A baffle ring is rotatably installed inside the second partition. Both the baffle plate and the baffle ring have through holes. The blades on the impeller are sealed through the through holes.

[0009] The outlet of the fan casing is provided with an air outlet pipe, which consists of an adjustment section and an exhaust section. The first partition is provided with a swingable blocking plate at one end near the air outlet pipe. A secondary air inlet is opened inside the first partition. A blocking block is provided on one side of the second partition near the first partition. The blocking block can block the secondary air inlet. A secondary air inlet pipe is provided in the middle of the inner side of the baffle plate. A baffle ring is sleeved on the secondary air inlet pipe. An air inlet sleeve is installed on the inner side of the baffle plate. A rotating connecting ring is rotatably installed on the inner side of the air inlet sleeve. The rotating connecting ring is connected to the secondary air inlet pipe through an air inlet connecting pipe.

[0010] A folding baffle is provided between the sealing block and the first partition, and a telescopic corrugated pipe is provided between the air inlet sleeve and the second partition.

[0011] Furthermore, the second partition plate is provided with several one-way pressure relief valves, which are distributed on both sides of the leaf passage. The first partition plate is provided with air jet holes corresponding to the one-way pressure relief valves. The one-way pressure relief valves are connected to the air jet holes through conduits.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing plate is provided inside the adjustment section.

[0013] Furthermore, the jet holes are inclined and all face the blades of the corresponding impeller.

[0014] Furthermore, a torsion spring is provided at the rotation center of the blocking swing plate. The torsion spring is used to drive the blocking swing plate to swing to an inclined state. An extension swing member is provided on the side of the blocking swing plate near the blocking block. A groove is provided on the blocking block to accommodate the extension swing member. When the blocking block is fully inserted into the secondary air inlet, the extension swing member is located in the groove, and the blocking swing plate swings to be parallel to the first partition.

[0015] Furthermore, the fan casing is formed by two half-shells joined together, with sealing grooves and positioning pin holes on the mating surface. The two half-shells are evenly fastened circumferentially by bolts, and the internal flow channel is mirror-polished to effectively reduce airflow resistance and turbulence noise.

[0016] Furthermore, both of the two semi-shells are provided with oil drain pipes at their bottoms, and the bottom of the blower volute is provided with an oil collection box. The top of the oil collection box is provided with two bolt joints, which can be threaded onto the oil drain pipes.

[0017] Furthermore, a scraper sleeve is provided inside the leaf passage, and the scraper sleeve is made of a composite material of high temperature and oil resistant fluororubber and wear-resistant carbon fiber.

[0018] Furthermore, both the first and second partitions are provided with sealing skirts around their perimeter.

[0019] Furthermore, the back of the fan casing is provided with two sets of electric telescopic rods. The telescopic ends of the two sets of electric telescopic rods are respectively connected to the first partition and the second partition. The telescopic end of the first partition passes through the second partition, and a sealing sleeve is provided at the passing position.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention regulates the effective working length of the impeller by synchronously moving two movable baffles axially, combined with coordinated adjustment of motor power. This overcomes the limitations of traditional fan flow regulation, significantly widens the stable operating range, effectively avoids surge problems at low flow rates, eliminates the need for an additional anti-surge venting valve, and eliminates energy loss and noise caused by airflow venting. The adjustment process involves no additional throttling resistance, ensuring smooth airflow and minimal aerodynamic attenuation across all operating conditions, thus balancing the needs of rapid smoke extraction with quiet ventilation at low flow rates.

[0022] 2. This invention utilizes a double-partition partition to create an independent secondary air intake channel, combined with a flow channel switching structure to achieve a two-stage pressurization of the airflow. Without increasing motor power, speed, or requiring an additional booster unit, it effectively improves the outlet static pressure and delivery air volume. Even under conditions of high back pressure in public flues and high resistance in long pipelines, it can maintain a stable rated air volume, fundamentally solving the problems of backflow of oil fumes and weak smoke extraction.

[0023] 3. This invention achieves full-area physical scraping of the blades by moving the double baffles in opposite directions. It can scrape oil and sludge from the blade surface to the impeller end and throw them out with the help of centrifugal force. Combined with the cavity compression structure of the two-stage pressurization process, the reciprocating motion of the baffles generates a high-pressure pulse airflow, which is directionally sprayed onto the blades through the inclined jet holes. This loosens stubborn oil and peels off solidified grease. The physical scraping and pulse jet work together to achieve full coverage of the cleaning range without any dead corners.

[0024] 4. This invention achieves deep integration of three major functions: air volume regulation, dual-stage pressurization, and self-cleaning. Each structural function empowers and synergizes with each other, taking into account the advantages of wide operating conditions, high air pressure smoke exhaust, low noise operation, and long-term maintenance-free operation. The whole machine has low energy consumption, long life and wide applicability. It can be widely used in various household ventilation scenarios such as range hoods, household fresh air systems, kitchen and bathroom exhaust systems, and drying air supply, with outstanding comprehensive benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the centrifugal blower unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal blower unit of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the centrifugal blower unit structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left-hand axial structure of the impeller, the first partition plate, and the second partition plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the right-axis structure of the impeller, the first partition plate, and the second partition plate of the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Fan casing; 2. Air outlet pipe; 21. Adjustment section; 22. Exhaust section; 23. Sealing plate; 3. Impeller; 4. First partition plate; 41. Baffle plate; 42. Secondary air inlet pipe; 43. Air inlet connecting pipe; 44. Secondary air inlet; 45. Sealing swing plate; 46. Extension swing piece; 5. Second partition plate; 51. Baffle ring; 52. Through-leaf hole; 53. One-way pressure relief valve; 54. Telescopic bellows; 55. Sealing block; 56. Folding baffle; 6. Electric telescopic rod; 7. Oil collection box; 8. Air inlet sleeve; 81. Rotary connecting ring; 9. Conduit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1, as Figures 1-5 As shown, an integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit includes a blower casing 1. A cylindrical impeller 3 driven by a motor is rotatably installed inside the blower casing 1. A first partition 4 and a second partition 5 are slidably connected inside the blower casing 1. The second partition 5 is located inside the first partition 4. A baffle plate 41 is rotatably installed inside the first partition 4. A baffle ring 51 is rotatably installed inside the second partition 5. Both the baffle plate 41 and the baffle ring 51 have through-blade holes 52 inside. The blades on the impeller 3 are sealed through the through-blade holes 52.

[0033] The outlet of the fan casing 1 is provided with an air outlet pipe 2, which is composed of an adjustment part 21 and an exhaust part 22. The first partition plate 4 is provided with a swingable blocking plate 45 near the end of the air outlet pipe 2. The interior of the first partition plate 4 is provided with a secondary air inlet 44. The second partition plate 5 is provided with a blocking block 55 near the side of the first partition plate 4. The blocking block 55 can block the secondary air inlet 44. The middle of the inner side of the baffle plate 41 is provided with a secondary air inlet pipe 42. The baffle ring 51 is sleeved on the secondary air inlet pipe 42. The inner side of the baffle plate 41 is provided with an air inlet sleeve 8. The inner side of the air inlet sleeve 8 is rotatably installed with a rotating connecting ring 81. The rotating connecting ring 81 is connected to the secondary air inlet pipe 42 through the air inlet connecting pipe 43.

[0034] A folding baffle 56 is provided between the sealing block 55 and the first partition 4, and a telescopic corrugated pipe 54 is provided between the air inlet sleeve 8 and the second partition 5.

[0035] The inside of the through-hole 52 is equipped with a scraper sleeve, which is made of a composite material of high-temperature and oil-resistant fluororubber and wear-resistant carbon fiber. It has moderate hardness, low coefficient of friction, anti-aging, and anti-oil corrosion, which greatly extends its service life. The first partition 4 and the second partition 5 are equipped with sealing skirts around their perimeters to improve the sealing between the first partition 4, the second partition 5 and the fan casing 1.

[0036] Two sets of electric telescopic rods 6 are provided on the back of the fan casing 1. The telescopic ends of the two sets of electric telescopic rods 6 are connected to the first partition 4 and the second partition 5 respectively. The telescopic end of the first partition 4 passes through the second partition 5, and a sealing sleeve is provided at the passing position.

[0037] Airflow regulation: Simultaneously control the operation of two electric telescopic rods 6. The two electric telescopic rods 6 drive the first partition 4 and the second partition 5 to move synchronously, changing the effective operating length of the impeller 3. Air enters from the front and is discharged from the air outlet duct 2 under the action of the impeller 3. Only the part of the impeller 3 outside the first partition 4 participates in ventilation. The impeller 3 drives the wind baffle 41, wind baffle ring 51 and rotating connecting ring 81 to rotate, while the rest does not rotate, thus realizing airflow regulation. In addition, with the power regulation of the impeller 3 drive motor, the regulation range is wider. The stable operating range of traditional centrifugal fans is extremely narrow, usually only 70%-100% of the rated flow. Below 70%, surge is very likely to occur. This invention uses a movable baffle to adjust and reduce the effective flow area of ​​the impeller 3, which greatly shifts the surge line of the fan towards the direction of low flow. This allows the fan to operate stably even when the flow rate is below 70%, eliminating the need for an anti-surge venting valve and avoiding energy waste and increased noise caused by venting. It is particularly suitable for the low-volume ventilation needs of range hoods in public flues with low back pressure, as well as for the quiet nighttime operation mode of fresh air systems.

[0038] Dual-stage pressurization: The blocking swing plate 45 is controlled to swing to an incline (in this embodiment, a conventional drive structure such as a swing motor can be used). The blocking swing plate 45 presses against the inner wall of the exhaust section 22, blocking the normal exhaust position. The adjusting section 21 is connected to the exhaust section 22. Then, the electric telescopic rod 6 drives the second partition 5 away from the first partition 4, and the blocking block 55 away from the secondary air inlet 44. The folding baffle 56 and the telescopic corrugated pipe 54 are pulled apart. At this time, an independent air intake channel is formed between the second partition 5 and the first partition 4, and it is not affected by the internal impeller 3. The gas is pressurized once by the impeller 3 outside the first partition 4. The gas enters the independent air intake channel through the secondary air inlet 44, and then enters the secondary air intake pipe 42 through the air inlet sleeve 8 and the air inlet connecting pipe 43. It enters the impeller 3 inside the second partition 5 from the middle, and then is discharged from the adjusting section 21 and the exhaust section 22, realizing dual-stage pressurization. The specific flow direction is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown. Without increasing motor power and speed, the outlet static pressure and air volume are increased. As a household fan, even when facing extremely high back pressures of over 150Pa in public flues during peak cooking times, it can still maintain the rated air volume, completely solving the common industry problem of backflow of cooking fumes in every household during peak cooking times.

[0039] Self-cleaning: By controlling the operation of two electric telescopic rods 6, the two electric telescopic rods 6 drive the first partition 4 and the second partition 5 to run in opposite directions, scraping from the middle to both ends of the impeller 3, scraping the concentrated oil stains on the top to the ends of the impeller 3, and the oil stains are easily thrown out, thus realizing the self-cleaning of the impeller 3.

[0040] This embodiment integrates airflow regulation, dual-stage pressurization, and self-cleaning, achieving high airflow, high static pressure, low noise, zero maintenance, and long service life. The baffle plate 41 and baffle ring 51 adopt a symmetrical design with equal thickness, and all impeller holes 52 are evenly distributed along the circumference. Before leaving the factory, they undergo overall dynamic balancing calibration together with the impeller 3. It is injection molded using glass fiber reinforced PP + 30% glass fiber material, reducing weight by 60% compared to metal materials while ensuring sufficient rigidity and high-temperature resistance.

[0041] In the second embodiment, based on the above embodiment, a plurality of one-way pressure relief valves 53 are provided on the second partition 5. The one-way pressure relief valves 53 are distributed on both sides of the leaf hole 52. The first partition 4 is provided with jet holes corresponding to the one-way pressure relief valves 53. The one-way pressure relief valves 53 are connected to the jet holes through the conduit 9.

[0042] The adjustment section 21 is equipped with a sealing plate 23.

[0043] The jet nozzles are set at an angle and all face the blades of the corresponding impeller 3.

[0044] This embodiment adds a pulse gas cleaning function to the original two-stage pressurization. When the device switches to two-stage pressurization, the electric telescopic rod 6 drives the second partition 5 to move rapidly inward. The second partition 5 compresses the gas in the secondary pressurization chamber. When the second partition 5 moves to the position of the sealing plate 23, the outlet of the secondary pressurization chamber is blocked, causing the internal gas pressure to suddenly increase. The pressure exceeds the control pressure of the one-way pressure relief valve 53. The high-pressure gas is sprayed onto the blades through the one-way pressure relief valve 53 and the jet hole, and then the second partition 5 is reset. The second partition 5 moves back and forth to realize pulse high-pressure jetting, which efficiently cleans the blades. Combined with scraping, it provides dual cleaning, is suitable for different pollution sources, and has a better cleaning effect.

[0045] In embodiment three, based on the above embodiments, a torsion spring is provided at the rotation center of the blocking swing plate 45. The torsion spring is used to drive the blocking swing plate 45 to swing to an inclined state. An extension swing member 46 is provided on the side of the blocking swing plate 45 near the blocking block 55. A groove is provided on the blocking block 55 to accommodate the extension swing member 46. When the blocking block 55 is fully inserted into the secondary air inlet 44, the extension swing member 46 is located in the groove, and the blocking swing plate 45 swings to be parallel to the first partition plate 4.

[0046] This example provides a control method for the blocking swing plate 45. When the blocking block 55 is far away from the secondary air inlet 44, the blocking swing plate 45 automatically swings to an inclined state under the action of the torsion spring, blocking the exhaust section 22. During the initial operation, the blocking swing plate 45 will swing slightly due to air pressure, and no gas will be discharged through the blocking swing plate 45. Most of the gas will enter the independent air intake channel. When the operation is stable, the air pressure and gas flow rate in the regulating section 21 are much greater than the air pressure in the blocked exhaust section 22. Therefore, the blocking swing plate 45 can be stably pressed on the inner wall of the exhaust section 22 to achieve stable blocking.

[0047] When the secondary air inlet 44 is closed, the blocking block 55 drives the blocking swing plate 45 to reset and swing through the extended swing member 46 until the secondary air inlet 44 is completely closed. The extended swing member 46 is then stored in the groove, and the blocking swing plate 45 swings until it is parallel to the first partition 4. The structure is simple and the control is synchronized. Figure 5 The inner side of the groove shown is also provided with a storage slot, which is used to store the folding baffle 56.

[0048] Example 4, based on the above examples, further includes a fan volute 1 formed by two half-shells joined together, with a sealing groove and a positioning pin hole on the mating surface. The two half-shells are uniformly fastened circumferentially by bolts, and the internal flow channel is mirror polished to effectively reduce airflow resistance and turbulence noise.

[0049] Both half-shells are equipped with oil drain pipes at the bottom, and the bottom of the blower volute 1 is equipped with an oil collection box 7. The top of the oil collection box 7 is equipped with two bolt joints, which can be threaded onto the oil drain pipes.

[0050] With the detachable oil collection box 7, self-cleaning oil can be collected for a long time. The oil collection box 7 can be removed and cleaned about once a year.

[0051] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit, comprising a blower casing (1), characterized in that, The fan casing (1) is rotatably mounted with a cylindrical impeller (3) driven by a motor. The fan casing (1) is slidably connected with a first partition (4) and a second partition (5). The second partition (5) is located inside the first partition (4). The first partition (4) is rotatably mounted with a baffle plate (41). The second partition (5) is rotatably mounted with a baffle ring (51). Both the baffle plate (41) and the baffle ring (51) have blade holes (52) inside. The blades on the impeller (3) are sealed through the blade holes (52). The outlet of the fan casing (1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (2), which is composed of an adjustment part (21) and an exhaust part (22). The first partition (4) is provided with a swingable blocking plate (45) at one end near the air outlet pipe (2). The interior of the first partition (4) is provided with a secondary air inlet (44). The second partition (5) is provided with a blocking block (55) on one side near the first partition (4). The blocking block (55) can block the secondary air inlet (44). The middle of the inner side of the baffle plate (41) is provided with a secondary air inlet pipe (42). The baffle ring (51) is sleeved on the secondary air inlet pipe (42). The inner side of the baffle plate (41) is provided with an air inlet sleeve (8). The inner side of the air inlet sleeve (8) is rotatably installed with a rotating connecting ring (81). The rotating connecting ring (81) is connected to the secondary air inlet pipe (42) through the air inlet connecting pipe (43). A folding baffle (56) is provided between the sealing block (55) and the first partition (4), and a telescopic corrugated pipe (54) is provided between the air inlet sleeve (8) and the second partition (5).

2. The integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second partition (5) is provided with several one-way pressure relief valves (53), which are distributed on both sides of the leaf hole (52). The first partition (4) is provided with jet holes corresponding to the one-way pressure relief valves (53), and the one-way pressure relief valves (53) are connected to the jet holes through the conduit (9).

3. The integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment section (21) is provided with a sealing plate (23).

4. The integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The jet holes are inclined and all face the blades of the corresponding impeller (3).

5. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A torsion spring is provided at the rotation center of the blocking swing plate (45). The torsion spring is used to drive the blocking swing plate (45) to swing to an inclined state. An extension swing piece (46) is provided on the side of the blocking swing plate (45) near the blocking block (55). A groove is provided on the blocking block (55) to accommodate the extension swing piece (46). When the blocking block (55) is fully inserted into the secondary air inlet (44), the extension swing piece (46) is located in the groove, and the blocking swing plate (45) swings to be parallel to the first partition plate (4).

6. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan volute (1) is formed by two half-shells joined together. The mating surface is provided with a sealing groove and a positioning pin hole. The two half-shells are evenly fastened in the circumferential direction by bolts. The internal flow channel is mirror polished to effectively reduce airflow resistance and turbulence noise.

7. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both of the two half-shells are provided with oil drain pipes at the bottom. The bottom of the fan volute (1) is provided with an oil collection box (7). The top of the oil collection box (7) is provided with two bolt joints, which can be threaded onto the oil drain pipe.

8. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inside of the leaf passage (52) is provided with a scraper sleeve, which is made of a composite material of high temperature resistant and oil resistant fluororubber and wear resistant carbon fiber.

9. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first partition (4) and the second partition (5) are provided with sealing skirts around their perimeter.

10. An integrated high-speed centrifugal blower unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back of the fan casing (1) is provided with two sets of electric telescopic rods (6). The telescopic ends of the two sets of electric telescopic rods (6) are connected to the first partition (4) and the second partition (5) respectively. The telescopic end of the first partition (4) passes through the second partition (5), and a sealing sleeve is provided at the passing position.

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