Sand-protected photovoltaic device and protection method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic equipment technology, specifically providing a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device and its protection method. A storage component is positioned on the upper side of a base to support the photovoltaic module, while a cleaning component is positioned at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel. This component includes a guide rail and a corresponding slider. A positioning block is located at the bottom of the slider, which is driven by a sliding drive mechanism. A seat is positioned on the positioning block, and a rotating shaft is mounted on the seat and driven by a rotating shaft drive mechanism. Connecting blocks for mounting the cleaning mechanism are located at both ends of the rotating shaft. A cleaning groove for the cleaning mechanism to pass through is provided on the photovoltaic panel. The cleaning mechanism includes a motor, with a flipping block at its output end, and a second motor mounted on the flipping block. A roller brush is located at the output end of the second motor. This invention automatically cleans the photovoltaic panel without manual intervention, facilitating cleaning and maintenance. In conjunction with the storage and sealing components, the photovoltaic panel can be lowered into a sealed cavity for protection during sandstorms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic equipment technology, specifically, it relates to a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device and its protection method. Background Technology

[0002] Dust prevention and cleaning of photovoltaic (PV) systems are crucial for ensuring power generation efficiency, extending equipment lifespan, and guaranteeing return on investment. Dust accumulation on PV module surfaces obstructs sunlight, significantly reducing power generation. Dust, bird droppings, fallen leaves, and other pollutants directly block light from reaching the cells, lowering the module's photoelectric conversion efficiency. Studies show that long-term uncleaned PV panels can result in a 5%-30% loss in power generation, and even higher in dusty areas. Cleaning a PV system immediately restores its efficiency. For large-scale industrial and commercial power plants, even a small efficiency improvement translates into substantial increases in electricity revenue. Dust near industrial areas may contain acidic or alkaline chemicals, while dust in coastal areas contains salt spray. These pollutants, when exposed to moisture, can corrode the glass coating and frame of the modules. PV modules generate heat during operation, requiring good ventilation and heat dissipation. Thick dust covers can act as insulation, causing the module temperature to rise. Since the characteristic of PV cells is that higher temperatures result in lower power output, this can further exacerbate the problem. In the existing technology, there are foldable photovoltaic panels as equipment for cleaning photovoltaics. However, foldable photovoltaic panels have certain problems and defects that can affect the use of the equipment.

[0003] Firstly, foldable photovoltaic panels are used for dust prevention by connecting and folding multiple photovoltaic panels together to reduce the contact area between the photovoltaic panels and the air, thereby achieving a dust prevention effect. However, dust can enter the photovoltaic panels through the gaps and adhere to them, resulting in poor protective performance of the equipment and thus poor practicality.

[0004] Secondly, after the folding photovoltaic panels are folded, the equipment's protective function is limited, which means that even after dust adheres, the photovoltaic surface still needs to be cleaned manually. This makes the protective steps cumbersome, resulting in poor equipment functionality.

[0005] Furthermore, the operation of the equipment relies heavily on manual labor, resulting in a low level of automation and consequently, poor usability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device and its protection method, which automatically cleans the photovoltaic panels without relying on manual labor, making it convenient for cleaning and maintenance of the photovoltaic panels.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sand-proof and clean photovoltaic device, comprising: Base assembly, the base assembly includes a base; The storage component, located on the upper side of the base, is used to support the photovoltaic modules; A cleaning component is installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic module. It includes a guide rail, a slider that slides with the guide rail, a positioning block at the bottom of the slider, a sliding drive mechanism at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel to drive the slider, a positioning seat at the front of the positioning block, a rotating shaft mounted on the positioning seat, and a rotating shaft driven by a rotating shaft drive mechanism. Both ends of the rotating shaft are provided with connecting blocks, and a cleaning mechanism is provided on the connecting blocks. A cleaning groove is provided on the photovoltaic panel for the cleaning mechanism to pass through. The cleaning mechanism includes a motor 1 mounted on the connecting blocks, a flipping block at the output end of the motor 1, a second motor mounted on the flipping block, and a roller brush at the output end of the second motor.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the sliding drive mechanism includes a motor mounted on a positioning block, a positioning gear at the output end of the motor, and a positioning rack on a parallel guide rail at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the positioning gear meshes with the positioning rack.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating shaft drive mechanism includes a base 1 mounted on a positioning seat, a motor 2 mounted on the base 1, a drive gear at the output end of the motor 2, and a driven gear meshing with the drive gear on the rotating shaft.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning mechanism further includes a water pump mounted on the connecting block. The water pump is connected to the venturi tube via a water supply pipe. The tilting block has an installation hole for the water supply pipe to pass through. One end of the venturi tube is fixed to the upper side of the tilting block. The venturi tube is mounted on the upper side of the roller brush and has several spray nozzles.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the base is provided with a ventilation opening, a main control box is provided on the upper side of the base, and fixed seats are provided at both the front and rear ends of the base. The main control box is used to control the power components of the device.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the storage component includes a frame mounted on the upper side of the base, with fixed frames on the upper sides of both ends of the frame. Each set of fixed frames is equipped with a support arm, the lower end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the fixed frame, the lower end of the support rod is hinged to the upper end of the support arm, a connecting seat is hinged to the upper end of the support rod, the connecting seat is connected to the photovoltaic module, and the support arm is rotated by a flipping drive mechanism.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the flipping drive mechanism includes two sets of guide rails II disposed on the upper side of the frame. Each set of guide rails II is provided with two sets of sliders II. Two sets of connecting frames are provided between the two sets of guide rails II. The ends of the connecting frames are connected to the sliders II. A hinge seat I is provided on the connecting frame. One end of the crank rod I is hinged to the hinge seat I, and the other end is hinged to the support arm. A motor III is provided on the connecting frame. An adjusting gear is provided at the output end of the motor III. An adjusting rack is provided on the frame. The adjusting gear meshes with the adjusting rack. Under the drive of the motor III, the two sets of connecting frames move towards each other or away from each other.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a sealing assembly is also included, comprising two or three sets of sealing plates forming a sealing shell. The top of the sealing shell is provided with a slidably connected sealing cover. A sliding seat is fixedly installed inside the sealing shell. A mounting seat is provided on the base. Limiting rods are provided at both ends of the mounting seat. The sliding seat is provided with sliding holes that cooperate with the limiting rods. After the two sets of sealing shells slide together along the limiting rods and the two sets of sealing covers slide together along the sealing shells, they form a sealing cavity with the base.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the sealing cover is provided with two sets of limiting plates, which are located inside the sealing shell to limit the sliding of the sealing cover.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, sealing strips are provided at both mating ends of the sealing cap.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly is provided with a linkage drive mechanism for each set of sealing shells to drive the sealing shell and the sealing cover in a linkage manner. The linkage drive mechanism includes a hinge seat two located on the upper side of the frame end, the lower end of the curved rod two is hinged to the hinge seat two, the support rod is provided with two sets of sliding grooves, the curved rod two includes two sets of curved rods, the upper end of the curved rod is provided with a limiting block that cooperates with the sliding groove, the support rod is provided with a hinge seat three on one side, one end of the top rod is hinged to the hinge seat three, the other end is hinged to the hinge seat four, the hinge seat four is located at the bottom of the sealing cover, one end of the bottom rod is hinged to the middle of the curved rod two, the other end is hinged to the hinge seat five, the hinge seat five is located inside the sealing shell.

[0018] The present invention also provides a protection method for a sand-proof and clean photovoltaic device, applicable to the aforementioned sand-proof and clean photovoltaic device, comprising the following steps: S1. Working state: In the normal lighting working state, the support arm and support rod are both in a vertical position, and the photovoltaic panel is in the lighting working position. S2. Automatic Cleaning Operation: When cleaning of the photovoltaic panel is required, the rotating shaft drive mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the cleaning mechanism to extend through the cleaning trough. Motor 1 drives the flipping block to flip, and the roller brush rotates to a horizontal position, perpendicular to the cleaning trough. Motor 2 drives the roller brush to rotate, and the sliding drive mechanism drives the slider 1 to move along the guide rail 1, and the roller brush cleans the surface of the photovoltaic panel. After the cleaning operation is completed, the sliding drive mechanism and Motor 2 stop operating. Motor 1 drives the flipping block to flip, and the roller brush rotates to the same direction as the cleaning trough. The rotating shaft drive mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the cleaning mechanism to rotate through the cleaning trough to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, keeping the surface of the photovoltaic panel flat. S3. Sand and dust protection and storage: When there is sandstorm or the photovoltaic panel is not in use, the flipping drive mechanism drives the support arm to retract inward, causing the photovoltaic panel to descend horizontally and vertically. The synchronous linkage drive mechanism drives the sealing shell to slide and close along the limit rod, and the sealing cover to slide and close along the sealing shell, forming a sealed cavity with the base to store and protect the photovoltaic panel.

[0019] In the preferred embodiment, during step S2, the water pump is started, and water is delivered to the venturi tube through the water pipe, where it is sprayed from the nozzles in conjunction with the roller brush for cleaning.

[0020] In the preferred embodiment, in step S3, the flipping drive mechanism drives the adjusting gear and adjusting rack through the motor three, drives the slider two and the connecting frame to move along the guide rail two, the two sets of connecting frames move towards each other, and the support arm is rotated and stored by the crank rod one.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the sealing strips at the mating ends of the sealing cap fit together to fill the gaps, thereby improving the sand-proof and airtight properties of the sealing cavity.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment, in step S3, when the sandstorm weather is relieved or the photovoltaic panel needs to work, the flipping drive mechanism reverses the drive to unfold the support arm, the photovoltaic panel is lifted upward, and at the same time the linkage drive mechanism drives the sealing shell and sealing cover to open synchronously, the photovoltaic panel is lifted to the light-collecting working position.

[0023] The present invention provides a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device and its protection method, which have the following beneficial effects: 1. When cleaning photovoltaic panels, slide slider one along guide rail one. During the sliding process, the positioning block connected to slider one slides accordingly. By sliding, the position of the roller brush can be adjusted to clean different parts of the photovoltaic panel. After adjusting to the appropriate position, rotate the shaft to rotate it in the shaft hole of the positioning seat, thereby driving the connecting block to flip and pass through the cleaning groove for cleaning. During this process, start motor one to rotate, which drives the flipping block to rotate, thereby changing the parallel state of the roller brush and the connecting block to a vertical cleaning state. In conjunction with starting motor two to rotate, the roller brush is driven to rotate, thereby cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Through multi-functional cooperation, the dust prevention and cleaning functionality of the equipment is improved, thereby improving the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] 2. During the storage of the equipment, rotate the support arm to make it rotate on the fixed frame. The rotation causes the gap between the tops of the support arm to close. When closing, the support rod closes as well. The top of the support rod is hinged to a photovoltaic panel through a connecting seat. Under the limitation of the photovoltaic panel, the support rod can support the photovoltaic panel in a semi-vertical state, so that the photovoltaic panel can be raised and lowered vertically to fit or unfold with the base. In conjunction with the sealing component, it can effectively improve the dustproof convenience of the equipment, thereby improving the overall work efficiency.

[0025] 3. The sealing assembly achieves sealing or deployment of the equipment synchronously with the lifting and lowering of the photovoltaic panel. As the photovoltaic panel descends, the rotation of the support arm causes its top position to rotate, reducing the distance between the support rods. During this process, the reduced distance causes the second curved rod to slide within the long groove. After sliding to its limit, the second curved rod rotates on the second hinge seat, pulling the bottom rod. This pulling action causes the sealing shell to slide, where it is stabilized and limited by the sliding cooperation of the limit rod and the sliding seat. Simultaneously, as the distance between the support rods adjusts, the top rod on the third hinge seat rotates, causing the sealing cover to move. This creates a stroke multiplication structure, providing overall sealing for the equipment. When aligned, the base, the sealing shells on both sides, and the top sealing cover form a sealed space, creating a sealed cavity that reduces the probability of wind and sand intrusion. The ventilation openings are located at the bottom, minimizing the upward penetration of wind and sand, thus improving the equipment's dustproof performance and overall operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail, slider, and drive mechanism of the cleaning component. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cleaning unit; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the flipping drive mechanism and the linkage drive mechanism; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing assembly. Figure 7 This is a control framework diagram of the present invention; In the diagram, the base is 110, the vent is 111, the mounting bracket is 120, and the main control box is 130. Frame 210, support arm 220, support rod 230, sliding groove 231, connecting seat 1 240, flipping drive mechanism 250, guide rail 251, slider 252, connecting frame 253, hinge seat 1 254, crank rod 1 255, motor 3 256, adjusting gear 257, adjusting rack 258, fixing frame 260; Guide rail 1 310, slider 1 320, positioning block 330, positioning seat 340, rotating shaft 350, connecting block 360, cleaning mechanism 370, motor 1 371, flipping block 372, motor 2 373, roller brush 374, water pump 375, water pipe 376, venturi tube 377, mounting hole 378, sliding drive mechanism 380, motor 1 381, positioning gear 382, ​​positioning rack 383, rotating shaft drive mechanism 390, base 1 391, motor 2 392, drive gear 393, driven gear 394; Sealing shell 410, sealing cover 420, limiting plate 421, sealing strip 422, sealing cavity 430, sliding seat 440, mounting seat 450, limiting rod 460, linkage drive mechanism 470, hinge seat two 471, curved rod two 472, curved rod 4721, limiting block 473, hinge seat three 474, top rod 475, hinge seat four 476, bottom rod 477, hinge seat five 478; Photovoltaic panel 510, cleaning tank 511. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] Example 1: This invention provides a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device, such as... Figures 1-4As shown, the device includes a base 110, with a ventilation opening 111 at the bottom and a main control box 130 at the top. Fixtures 120 are located at both the front and rear ends of the base 110. The fixtures 120 ensure stable installation of the entire device, adapting to complex terrains such as deserts and Gobi. The ventilation opening 111 ensures airflow within the sealed device, preventing heat buildup. The main control box 130 centrally controls all power components, achieving automated closed-loop control.

[0029] The storage component, located on the upper side of the base 110, is used to support the photovoltaic module. Support frames, telescopic mechanisms, etc. can be selected. Specifically, an electric telescopic rod can be used to adjust the height of the photovoltaic module.

[0030] The cleaning component includes a guide rail 310 at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 510, a slider 320 slidingly engaged with the guide rail 310, a sliding drive mechanism 380 driving the slider 320 to move, a positioning block 330 at the bottom of the slider 320, a positioning seat 340 at the front end of the positioning block 330, a shaft hole on the positioning seat 340, a rotating shaft 350 rotatably connected to the shaft hole, and a rotating shaft drive mechanism 390 driving the rotating shaft 350 to rotate; connecting blocks 360 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 350, and a cleaning mechanism 370 is installed on the connecting blocks 360; the photovoltaic panel 510 has a cleaning groove 511 through which the cleaning mechanism 370 passes.

[0031] The cleaning mechanism 370 includes a first motor 371, which is vertically positioned. A rotating block 372 is connected to the output end of the first motor 371. A second motor 373 is mounted on the rotating block 372 and is horizontally positioned. A roller brush 374 is mounted on the output end of the second motor 373. The first motor 371 drives the rotating block 372 to rotate, and the second motor 373 drives the roller brush 374 to rotate.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the sliding drive mechanism 380 includes a motor 381 mounted on the positioning block 330, a positioning gear 382 at the output end of the motor 381, and a positioning rack 383 mounted on the bottom parallel guide rail 310 of the photovoltaic panel 510. The positioning gear 382 meshes with the positioning rack 383.

[0033] Specifically, when driving the equipment, the motor 381 in the machine slot is started to rotate. The rotation of the output end of the motor 381 drives the positioning gear 382 to rotate. Through the meshing relationship between the positioning gear 382 and the positioning rack 383, the slider 320 is driven to slide along the guide rail 310. In this way, the stability of the equipment movement and the accuracy of positioning and cleaning are improved through gear meshing.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the rotating shaft drive mechanism 390 includes a base 391 mounted on a positioning seat 340, a motor 392 mounted on the base 391, a drive gear 393 at the output end of the motor 392, and a driven gear 394 meshing with the drive gear 393 on the rotating shaft 350.

[0035] Specifically, when driving the equipment, the motor 392 on the base 391 is started to rotate, and the drive gear 393 is driven to rotate through the meshing relationship between the drive gear 393 and the driven gear 394, which drives the rotating shaft 350 to rotate, thereby causing the connecting block 360 to flip.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment, a water pump 375 is provided at the front end of the connecting block 360, and a water supply pipe 376 is provided at the output end of the water pump 375. A mounting hole 378 is provided through the flip block 372, and the water supply pipe 376 passes through the mounting hole 378 and is fixedly fitted with the flip block 372. A venturi tube 377 is provided at the output end of the water supply pipe 376. The venturi tube 377 is provided on the upper side of the roller brush 374, and a plurality of water spray nozzles are provided on the venturi tube 377. The bottom end of the venturi tube 377 is connected to the top end of the flip block 372.

[0037] Specifically, when the roller brush 374 is cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510, the water pump 375 is started to pump water, and the water source is sent to the venturi tube 377 through the water pipe 376, and the roller brush 374 and the photovoltaic surface are cleaned by spraying.

[0038] When cleaning the photovoltaic panel 510, the sliding slider 320 moves along the guide rail 310, causing the positioning block 330 connected to the slider 320 to slide, thereby adjusting the position of the roller brush 374 to clean different areas of the photovoltaic panel 510. After adjustment, the rotating shaft 350 is rotated, causing it to rotate within the shaft hole of the positioning seat 340, which in turn causes the connecting block 360 to flip, allowing the roller brush 374 to pass through the cleaning groove 511 and enter the cleaning station. At this time, the starting motor 371 drives the flipping block 372 to rotate, changing the roller brush 374 from a parallel state to a perpendicular cleaning state with the connecting block 360; simultaneously, the starting motor 373 drives the roller brush 374 to rotate, cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510. This multi-functional coordination effectively improves the dustproof and cleaning performance of the equipment, thereby increasing its working efficiency.

[0039] The cleaning mechanism 370 can extend / retract through the cleaning tank 511. During cleaning, the roller brush 374 covers the surface of the photovoltaic panel horizontally and works with water spray to achieve dry and wet cleaning, leaving no dead corners. After cleaning, it retracts to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel to keep the panel flat and not affect the light transmission. The gear drive provides precise positioning, enabling fixed-point cleaning and fully automatic cleaning.

[0040] Example 2: In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the storage component includes a frame 210, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the base 110. A fixing frame 260 is provided at the top of the frame 210. A support arm 220 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixing frame 260. A support rod 230 is rotatably connected to the top of the support arm 220. A connecting seat 240 is rotatably connected to the top of the support rod 230. The top of the connecting seat 240 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 510.

[0041] The support arm 220 is driven to rotate by the tilting drive mechanism 250. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 5 As shown, the flipping drive mechanism 250 includes two sets of guide rails 251 arranged on the upper side of the frame 210. Each set of guide rails 251 is provided with two sets of sliders 252. Two sets of connecting frames 253 are provided between the two sets of guide rails 251. The ends of the connecting frames 253 are connected to the sliders 252. The connecting frames 253 are provided with hinge seats 254. One end of the crank rod 255 is hinged to the hinge seat 254, and the other end is hinged to the support arm 220. The connecting frames 253 are provided with motors 256. The output end of the motors 256 is provided with adjusting gears 257. The frame 210 is provided with adjusting racks 258. The adjusting gears 257 and adjusting racks 258 mesh. Under the drive of the motors 256, the two sets of connecting frames 253 move towards each other or away from each other.

[0042] Motor 3 256 drives the adjusting gear 257 to mesh with the adjusting rack 258, which in turn drives the connecting frame 253 and the slider 252 to move along the guide rail 251. The crank 1 255 pulls the support arm 220 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0043] When the equipment is being stored, the flipping drive mechanism 250 drives the support arm 220 to rotate on the fixed frame 260, causing the support rod 230 at the top of the support arm 220 to retract towards the center. During the retraction process, a photovoltaic panel 510 is hinged to the top of the support rod 230 via a connecting seat 240. Limited by the photovoltaic panel 510, the support rod 230 supports the photovoltaic panel 510 in a near-vertical state, enabling it to rise and fall vertically. Combined with the sealing assembly, this effectively improves the dustproof convenience of the equipment, thereby enhancing overall work efficiency.

[0044] Specifically, during the rotation of the support arm 220, the sliding slider 252 slides on the guide rail 251. During the sliding process, the support arm 220, which is rotatably connected to it through the hinge seat 254, rotates accordingly. The sliders 252 on both sides of the frame 210 slide and engage, allowing the support arm 220 to be stored in opposite directions. With the support of the photovoltaic panel 510, the support rod 230 rotates on the support arm 220 to maintain a semi-vertical state, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 510 remains horizontal during storage and preventing the photovoltaic panel 510 from bending due to opposite-direction storage, thereby improving the stability of the equipment storage.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the sealing assembly includes two or three sets of sealing plates forming a sealing shell 410. A slidably connected sealing cover 420 is provided on the top of the sealing shell 410. A sliding seat 440 is fixedly installed inside the sealing shell 410. A mounting seat 450 is provided on the base 110. Limiting rods 460 are provided at both ends of the mounting seat 450. The sliding seat 440 has sliding holes that cooperate with the limiting rods 460. After the two sets of sealing shells 410 slide and close along the limiting rods 460 and the two sets of sealing covers 420 slide and close along the sealing shell 410, they form a sealing cavity 430 with the base 110. When the photovoltaic panel 510 descends under the action of the housing assembly, the two sets of sealing shells 410 slide and close along the limiting rods 460 and the two sets of sealing covers 420 slide and close along the sealing shell 410, forming a sealing cavity 430 with the base 110, thus encasing and sealing the photovoltaic panel 510, thereby solving the aforementioned problem of poor dustproof performance.

[0046] Preferably, the mating ends of the sealing cover 420 are provided with sealing strips 422. After the sealing shell 410 and the sealing cover 420 are closed, they form a fully enclosed sealed cavity 430 with the base 110, which completely blocks the intrusion of wind and sand. The sealing strips 422 fill the gaps and improve the airtightness.

[0047] Example 3: Based on Example 2, such as Figure 5As shown, the sealing assembly is provided with a set of linkage drive mechanisms 470 for each set of sealing shells 410, which link the sealing shells 410 and the sealing cover 420. The linkage drive mechanism 470 includes a second hinge seat 471 set on the upper side of the end of the frame 210. The lower end of the second crank rod 472 is hinged to the second hinge seat 471. The support rod 230 is provided with two sets of sliding grooves 231. The second crank rod 472 includes two sets of crank rods 4721. The upper end of the crank rod 4721 is provided with a limiting block 473, which cooperates with the sliding groove 231. The support rod 230 is provided with a third hinge seat 474 on one side. One end of the top rod 475 is hinged to the third hinge seat 474, and the other end is hinged to the fourth hinge seat 476. The fourth hinge seat 476 is set at the bottom of the sealing cover 420. One end of the bottom rod 477 is hinged to the middle of the second crank rod 472, and the other end is hinged to the fifth hinge seat 478. The fifth hinge seat 478 is set inside the sealing shell 410.

[0048] The linkage drive mechanism 470 enables the photovoltaic panel storage and sealing to operate simultaneously without additional power, and features a simple structure and rapid response.

[0049] Specifically, during the sealing process of the equipment, the photovoltaic panel 510 is raised and lowered to achieve sealing or unfolding of the equipment. When the equipment is lowered, the top position of the support arm 220 is rotated by the rotation of the support arm 220, and the distance between the two sets of support rods 230 is reduced accordingly. During this process, the reduced distance of the support rods 230 causes the second curved rod 472 to slide in the sliding groove 231. After sliding to the limit, the second curved rod 472 rotates on the second hinge seat 471, thereby pulling the bottom rod 477. During the pulling process, the sealing shell 410 is driven to slide. During the sliding process, the sealing shell 410 is stabilized and limited by the sliding cooperation of the limiting rod 460 and the sliding seat 440. During this process, as the spacing of the support rods 230 is adjusted, the push rod 475 on the drive hinge seat 474 rotates accordingly. The push rod 475 drives the sealing cover 420 to move, thereby forming a stroke multiplication structure to seal the entire equipment. When the equipment is aligned, the base 110, the sealing shells 410 on the left and right sides, and the sealing cover 420 on the top form a sealing space, forming a sealing cavity 430.

[0050] Example 4: A dust-proof and dust-resistant photovoltaic device protection method is applied to the dust-proof and dust-resistant photovoltaic device described in Example 3. During dust protection of the photovoltaic equipment, the entire device is first securely installed on the working base surface using the fixing base 120. During equipment operation, the ventilation openings 111 maintain air circulation inside the sealed cavity 430 to prevent overheating due to heat accumulation caused by long-term closed operation. Figure 7As shown, the main control box 130 serves as the core of the system control, receiving and processing environmental signals collected by sensors in real time, and driving various actuators in an orderly manner to form a closed-loop protection logic of "sand collection - sealing protection - timed cleaning", thereby effectively coping with the erosion of the photovoltaic panel 510 surface by sandstorm weather.

[0051] Includes the following steps: S1. Working state: In the normal lighting working state, the support arm 220 and the support rod 230 are both in a vertical state, and the photovoltaic panel 510 is in the lighting working position.

[0052] S2. Automatic Cleaning Operation: When cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 510 is required, the rotating shaft drive mechanism 390 drives the rotating shaft 350 to rotate, causing the cleaning mechanism 370 to extend through the cleaning trough 511. The first motor 371 drives the flipping block 372 to flip, and the roller brush 374 rotates to a horizontal position, perpendicular to the cleaning trough 511. The second motor 373 drives the roller brush 374 to rotate, and the sliding drive mechanism 380 drives the first slider 320 to move along the first guide rail 310. The roller brush 374 cleans the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510. After the cleaning operation is completed, the sliding drive mechanism 380 and the second motor 373 stop operating. The first motor 371 drives the flipping block 372 to flip, and the roller brush 374 rotates to the same direction as the cleaning trough 511. The rotating shaft drive mechanism 390 drives the rotating shaft 350 to rotate, causing the cleaning mechanism 370 to rotate through the cleaning trough 511 to the area below the photovoltaic panel 510, keeping the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510 flat.

[0053] Preferably, during cleaning operations, the water pump 375 is started, and water flows through the water pipe 376 to the venturi tube 377, where it is sprayed from the water nozzle in conjunction with the roller brush 374 for cleaning.

[0054] For the surface cleaning stage, the system uses a slider 320 to drive the positioning seat 340 to move along the guide structure, thereby precisely adjusting the working position of the roller brush 374. During cleaning, the roller brush 374 extends through the cleaning groove 511 and contacts the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510 to clean it. After removing accumulated dust, it re-exits through the cleaning groove 511 for storage. This cleaning method utilizes a multi-functional structure, ensuring cleaning effectiveness while reducing the space occupied by additional components, improving overall surface cleanliness and system integration.

[0055] To further quantify the cleaning effect and thermal balance performance, the following mathematical expression is introduced: (1) The heat balance control equation describes the relationship between ventilation heat dissipation and temperature rise: ; in, This refers to the amount of heat generated inside the equipment. h The convective heat transfer coefficient is... A For heat dissipation area, , These are the inlet and outlet air temperatures, For quality flow, This is the specific heat capacity of air.

[0056] (2) Cleaning efficiency is defined as the ratio of the difference in dust coverage before and after cleaning to the initial dust coverage: ; In the formula, and These figures represent the dust coverage before and after cleaning, respectively. This indicator reflects the actual cleaning capability of the roller brush system. Through the above equations and mechanisms, quantitative evaluation and optimized adjustment of the performance of the photovoltaic dust prevention system can be achieved.

[0057] S3. Sandstorm Protection and Storage: When there is sandstorm or the photovoltaic panel 510 is not in use, the flipping drive mechanism 250 drives the support arm 220 to retract inward, causing the photovoltaic panel 510 to descend horizontally and vertically. Simultaneously, the linkage drive mechanism 470 drives the sealing shell 410 to slide and close along the limit rod 460, and the sealing cover 420 to slide and close along the sealing shell 410, forming a sealed cavity 430 with the base 110, thus storing and protecting the photovoltaic panel 510.

[0058] In summary, the overall usage process of the equipment is as follows: When the equipment is being stored, motor 3 256 drives adjusting gear 257 to mesh with adjusting rack 258, causing connecting frame 253 and slider 252 to move along guide rail 251. The crank 1 255 pulls the support arm 220 to rotate, and the rotation causes the gap between the tops of the support arm 220 to close. When closing, the support rod 230 also closes. The top of the support rod 230 is hinged to the photovoltaic panel 510 through connecting seat 1 240. Under the limitation of the photovoltaic panel 510, the support rod 230 can support the photovoltaic panel 510 in a semi-vertical state, so that the photovoltaic panel 510 can be raised and lowered vertically to fit or unfold with the base 110. The photovoltaic panel 510 always remains horizontal when stored to avoid bending of the photovoltaic panel 510 when stored facing each other.

[0059] When cleaning the photovoltaic panel 510, the sliding slider 320 slides along the guide rail 310. During this sliding process, the positioning block 330 connected to the slider 320 slides accordingly. By sliding, the position of the roller brush 374 can be adjusted to clean different parts of the photovoltaic panel 510. During this process, after adjusting to the appropriate position, the rotating shaft 350 is rotated to rotate within the shaft hole of the positioning seat 340, thereby causing the connecting block 360 to flip and pass through the cleaning groove 511 for cleaning. During this process, the motor 371 is started to rotate. Motor 371 drives the rotating block 372 to rotate, thereby changing the parallel state of the roller brush 374 and the connecting block 360 to a vertical cleaning state. In conjunction with starting motor 373, the roller brush 374 is rotated to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510. Through multi-functional coordination, the dust prevention and cleaning functionality of the equipment is improved. While the roller brush 374 is cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel 510, the water pump 375 is started to pump water, which is delivered to the venturi tube 377 through the water pipe 376. The roller brush 374 and the photovoltaic surface are cleaned by spraying.

[0060] During the sealing process, the photovoltaic panel 510 is raised and lowered to achieve sealing or unfolding of the equipment. When the equipment is lowered, the top position of the support arm 220 is rotated by the rotation of the support arm 220, and the distance between the two sets of support rods 230 is reduced accordingly. During this process, the reduced distance of the support rods 230 causes the second curved rod 472 to slide in the sliding groove 231. After sliding to the limit, the second curved rod 472 rotates on the second hinge seat 471, thereby pulling the bottom rod 477. During the pulling process, the sealing shell 410 is driven to slide. During the sliding process, the sealing shell 410 is stabilized and limited by the sliding cooperation of the limiting rod 460 and the sliding seat 440. During this process, as the spacing of the support rods 230 is adjusted, the top rod 475 on the drive hinge seat 474 rotates accordingly. The top rod 475 then moves the sealing cover 420, creating a stroke multiplication structure to seal the entire equipment. When aligned, the base 110, the sealing shells 410 on both sides, and the top sealing cover 420 form a sealed space, creating a sealed cavity 430. After alignment, the top is filled with a sealing strip 422 to improve the equipment's airtightness and reduce the probability of wind and sand intrusion. The ventilation opening 111 is located at the bottom, minimizing the upward penetration of wind and sand.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device, characterized in that, include: A base assembly, comprising a base (110); A storage component is installed on the upper side of the base (110) to support the photovoltaic module; A cleaning component is installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (510) of the photovoltaic module, including a guide rail (310), a slider (320) slidingly engaging with the guide rail (310), a positioning block (330) at the bottom of the slider (320), a sliding drive mechanism (380) at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (510) for driving the slider (320), a positioning seat (340) at the front of the positioning block (330), and a rotating shaft (350) rotatably mounted on the positioning seat (340). The rotating shaft (350) is driven by a rotating shaft drive mechanism (390). The drive is provided with connecting blocks (360) at both ends of the rotating shaft (350). A cleaning mechanism (370) is provided on the connecting block (360). A cleaning groove (511) is provided on the photovoltaic panel (510) for the cleaning mechanism (370) to pass through. The cleaning mechanism (370) includes a motor (371) set on the connecting block (360). A flip block (372) is provided at the output end of the motor (371). A second motor (373) is installed on the flip block (372). A roller brush (374) is provided at the output end of the second motor (373).

2. The sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding drive mechanism (380) includes a motor (381) mounted on a positioning block (330), a positioning gear (382) at the output end of the motor (381), and a positioning rack (383) on the parallel guide rail (310) at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (510). The positioning gear (382) meshes with the positioning rack (383).

3. The sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft drive mechanism (390) includes a base (391) mounted on a positioning seat (340), a motor (392) mounted on the base (391), a drive gear (393) at the output end of the motor (392), and a driven gear (394) meshing with the drive gear (393) on the rotating shaft (350).

4. The sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (370) also includes a water pump (375) installed on the connecting block (360). The water pump (375) is connected to the venturi tube (377) through the water supply pipe (376). The flip block (372) is provided with an installation hole (378) for the water supply pipe (376) to pass through. One end of the venturi tube (377) is fixed on the upper side of the flip block (372). The venturi tube (377) is installed on the upper side of the roller brush (374). The venturi tube (377) is provided with several water spray nozzles.

5. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (110) is provided with a ventilation opening (111), and a main control box (130) is provided on the upper side of the base (1). Fixed seats (120) are provided at both the front and rear ends of the base (110). The main control box (130) is used to control the power components of the device.

6. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage component includes a frame (210) set on the upper side of the base (110). The upper sides of both ends of the frame (210) are provided with fixed frames (260). Each set of fixed frames (260) is provided with a support arm (220). The lower end of the support arm (220) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (260). The lower end of the support rod (230) is hinged to the upper end of the support arm (220). The first connecting seat (240) is hinged to the upper end of the support rod (230). The first connecting seat (240) is connected to the photovoltaic module. The support arm (220) is rotated by a flipping drive mechanism (250).

7. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flipping drive mechanism (250) includes two sets of guide rails (251) set on the upper side of the frame (210). Each set of guide rails (251) is provided with two sets of sliders (252). Two sets of connecting frames (253) are provided between the two sets of guide rails (251). The end of the connecting frame (253) is connected to the slider (252). The connecting frame (253) is provided with a hinge seat (254). One end of the crank rod (255) is hinged to the hinge seat (254), and the other end is hinged to the support arm (220). The connecting frame (253) is provided with a motor (256). The output end of the motor (256) is provided with an adjusting gear (257). The frame (210) is provided with an adjusting rack (258). The adjusting gear (257) meshes with the adjusting rack (258). Under the drive of the motor (256), the two sets of connecting frames (253) move towards each other or away from each other.

8. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing assembly, comprising two or three sets of sealing plates forming a sealing shell (410). The top of the sealing shell (410) is provided with a slidingly connected sealing cover (420). A sliding seat (440) is fixedly installed inside the sealing shell (410). A mounting seat (450) is provided on the base (110). Both ends of the mounting seat (450) are provided with limit rods (460). The sliding seat (440) is provided with a sliding hole that cooperates with the limit rods (460). After the two sets of sealing shells (410) slide together along the limit rods (460) and the two sets of sealing covers (420) slide together along the sealing shell (410), they form a sealing cavity (430) with the base (110).

9. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the sealing cover (420) is provided with two sets of limiting plates (421). The limiting plates (421) are located inside the sealing shell (410) to limit the sliding of the sealing cover (420).

10. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mating ends of the sealing cap (420) are each provided with a sealing strip (422).

11. A sand-prevention and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sealing assembly is provided with a set of linkage drive mechanisms (470) for each set of sealing shells (410) to drive the sealing shells (410) and sealing covers (420) in a linkage manner. The linkage drive mechanism (470) includes a second hinge seat (471) set on the upper side of the end of the frame (210), and the lower end of the second crank rod (472) is hinged to the second hinge seat (471). The support rod (230) is provided with two sets of sliding grooves (231). The second crank rod (472) includes two sets of crank rods (4721). The upper end of the crank rod (4721) The rotating part is equipped with a limiting block (473), which cooperates with the sliding groove (231). The support rod (230) is provided with a hinge seat three (474) on one side. One end of the top rod (475) is hinged to the hinge seat three (474), and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat four (476). The hinge seat four (476) is located at the bottom of the sealing cover (420). One end of the bottom rod (477) is hinged to the middle of the curved rod two (472), and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat five (478). The hinge seat five (478) is located inside the sealing shell (410).

12. A protection method for a sand-proof and clean photovoltaic device, applied to the sand-proof and clean photovoltaic device according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Working state: In the normal lighting working state, the support arm (220) and support rod (230) are both in a vertical state, and the photovoltaic panel (510) is in the lighting working position; S2. Automatic Cleaning Operation: When cleaning of the photovoltaic panel (510) is required, the rotating shaft drive mechanism (390) drives the rotating shaft (350) to rotate, causing the cleaning mechanism (370) to extend through the cleaning trough (511). Motor 1 (371) drives the flipping block (372) to flip, and the roller brush (374) rotates to the horizontal position, perpendicular to the cleaning trough (511). Motor 2 (373) drives the roller brush (374) to rotate, and the sliding drive mechanism (380) drives the slider 1 (320) to move along the guide rail 1 (310). The roller brush (374) moves and cleans the surface of the photovoltaic panel (510). After the cleaning operation is completed, the sliding drive mechanism (380) and the second motor (373) stop working. The first motor (371) drives the flipping block (372) to flip. The roller brush (374) rotates to the same direction as the cleaning tank (511). The rotating shaft drive mechanism (390) drives the rotating shaft (350) to rotate, so that the cleaning mechanism (370) rotates through the cleaning tank (511) to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (510) to keep the surface of the photovoltaic panel (510) flat. S3. Sandstorm protection and storage: When there is sandstorm or the photovoltaic panel (510) does not need to work, the flipping drive mechanism (250) drives the support arm (220) to retract inward, causing the photovoltaic panel (510) to descend horizontally and vertically. The synchronous linkage drive mechanism (470) drives the sealing shell (410) to slide and close along the limit rod (460), and the sealing cover (420) slides and closes along the sealing shell (410), forming a sealed cavity (430) with the base (110) to store and protect the photovoltaic panel (510).

13. The protection method for a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, In step S2, during the cleaning operation, the water pump (375) is started, and water flows through the water pipe (376) to the venturi tube (377), where it is sprayed by the water nozzle and cleaned by the roller brush (374).

14. The protection method for a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, In step S3, the flipping drive mechanism (250) drives the adjusting gear (257) and the adjusting rack (258) to mesh through the motor three (256), driving the slider two (252) and the connecting frame (253) to move along the guide rail two (251). The two sets of connecting frames (253) move towards each other, and the support arm (220) is pulled by the crank rod one (255) to rotate and be stored.

15. The protection method for a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, In step S3, the sealing strips (422) at the mating ends of the sealing cap (420) fit together to fill the gaps and improve the sand-proof and airtightness of the sealing cavity (430).

16. The protection method for a sand-proof and cleaning photovoltaic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, In step S3, when the sandstorm weather is relieved or the photovoltaic panel (510) needs to work, the flipping drive mechanism (250) reverses the drive of the support arm (220) to unfold, the photovoltaic panel (510) is lifted upward, and at the same time the linkage drive mechanism (470) drives the sealing shell (410) and the sealing cover (420) to open synchronously, and the photovoltaic panel (510) is lifted to the light-collecting working position.

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