Miniature health detection device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and provides a micro health detection device. The device comprises a chip-level light source for emitting detection light; a photodiode module stacked above the chip-level light source and facing the light-emitting front surface of the chip-level light source, for receiving light signals transmitted or reflected by the detection light and converting the light signals into electric signals; and an analog front end module stacked above the photodiode module, for receiving the electric signals sent by the photodiode module and processing the electric signals. The device solves the problem of large size of the health detection device in the prior art, reduces the size of the health detection device, and makes the health detection device more suitable for wearable or portable health monitoring applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of semiconductor technology, and more particularly to a miniature health monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] In health monitoring devices, such as pulse oximeters and heart rate monitors, the photodiode module and analog front-end module are separated. This modular design provides greater design flexibility, allowing for independent optimization or replacement of each component. In existing technologies, when the photodiode module and analog front-end module are designed as independent circuit boards or packages, a certain space is required between them to accommodate connectors, wiring, and possible mechanical support structures. This increases the overall size of the health monitoring device, resulting in a larger overall footprint. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a miniature health detection device to solve the problem of large size of existing health detection devices.

[0004] A first aspect of this application provides a miniature health detection device, comprising: a chip-level light source for emitting detection light; a photodiode module stacked above the chip-level light source and facing the front of the chip-level light source for receiving light signals transmitted or reflected back from the detection light and converting the light signals into electrical signals; and an analog front-end module stacked above the photodiode module for receiving electrical signals sent by the photodiode module and processing the electrical signals.

[0005] In one optional embodiment, the chip-level light source includes: a substrate on which a light-emitting circuit is disposed; a chip-level encapsulation layer including an encapsulation structure and a light-emitting chip disposed within the encapsulation structure, the light-emitting chip being disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the light-emitting circuit, the light-emitting chip being a Mini LED; and a lens layer sealed to the substrate and covering the chip-level encapsulation layer.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the packaging structure further includes a scattering layer, which is a silicone layer containing diffuse particles inside, and the scattering layer covers the light-emitting front side of the chip-level packaging layer.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the encapsulation structure further includes a reflective layer, which is a transparent silicone layer containing diffuse particles. The proportion of diffuse particles in the reflective layer is greater than the proportion of diffuse particles in the scattering layer, and the reflective layer covers the scattering layer.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the light-emitting chip includes any one or a combination of red light chips and green light chips.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the miniature health monitoring device further includes a separator module disposed between the chip-level light source and the photodiode module.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the separator module is a black light-absorbing resin, and the separator module includes a microporous structure inside.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the miniature health detection device further includes: a charging base with a primary coil disposed therein; a receiving module disposed inside the miniature health detection device, the receiving module having a secondary coil and a control circuit disposed therein, wherein when the distance between the receiving module and the charging base is less than a first preset value, the secondary coil generates an induced current, the control circuit receives the induced current and converts the induced current to obtain regulated DC power; and a battery disposed inside the miniature health detection device for receiving regulated DC power.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the control circuit includes: a rectifier circuit for converting the induced current to obtain direct current; and a voltage regulator circuit for receiving the direct current and regulating it to obtain regulated direct current.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the signal transmission path between the photodiode module and the analog front-end module is a flexible circuit.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with the prior art are as follows: The chip-level light source serves as the light source for the health monitoring device, emitting detection light of a specific wavelength to penetrate or irradiate human tissue (such as skin). A photodiode module is stacked above the chip-level light source, facing the light-emitting surface of the light source. The photodiode module is a semiconductor device that can convert received light signals into electrical signals. In the miniature health monitoring device, the photodiode module captures the light signals transmitted or reflected back after passing through human tissue; these light signals carry physiological parameter information. An analog front-end module is stacked above the photodiode module and can be used to receive and process the weak electrical signals output by the photodiode module, so that subsequent digital signal processors or microcontrollers can analyze and interpret them, which is crucial for improving measurement accuracy and stability. The layered stacking design of this application achieves high integration, reduces space waste caused by interconnections and discrete layouts between components in traditional designs, solves the problem of large size in existing health monitoring devices, and reduces the size of health monitoring devices, making them more suitable for wearable or portable health monitoring applications. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniature health detection device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip-level light source provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a packaging structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniature health detection device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] A miniature health detection device includes: a chip-level light source 101 for emitting detection light; a photodiode module 102, stacked above the chip-level light source and facing the front of the chip-level light source, for receiving light signals transmitted or reflected back from the detection light and converting the light signals into electrical signals; and an analog front-end module 103, stacked above the photodiode module, for receiving electrical signals sent by the photodiode module 102 and processing the electrical signals.

[0022] In some embodiments, the miniature health monitoring device employs a highly integrated and space-optimized design to achieve portable, real-time monitoring of physiological parameters. The chip-level light source can be a light-emitting diode (LED), which serves as the emitting unit of the miniature health monitoring device, emitting detection light of specific wavelengths, such as red and infrared light. This detection light is used to penetrate human skin or tissue. In health monitoring applications, different wavelengths of light can be used to detect different physiological indicators; for example, red and infrared light are used in blood oxygen saturation measurement. The chip-level light source uses chip-level packaging, resulting in a compact size that significantly reduces the size and power consumption of the miniature health monitoring device.

[0023] In some embodiments, the photodiode module is located above the light source, directly facing the emitting surface of the chip-level light source. The photodiode module can receive the light signal transmitted or reflected back by the detection light, capturing information from the light signal transmitted or reflected back from human tissue. The chip-level light source emits detection light, which is used to penetrate human skin or tissue. When the detection light passes through human tissue, part of the light can be absorbed by blood and other components within the tissue, while another part can be transmitted or reflected back to the photodiode module. The change in the intensity of the transmitted light reflects changes in the optical properties within the tissue, such as changes in blood volume caused by blood oxygen saturation or heart rate. Based on the semiconductor properties of the photodiode module, when photons strike its surface, electron-hole pairs can be generated in the semiconductor material, forming a tiny photocurrent. The magnitude of the photocurrent is proportional to the intensity of the received light. The transmitted or reflected light signal is converted into a corresponding current change, i.e., the light signal is converted into an electrical signal. The photodiode module can convert the received light intensity change into an electrical signal, which is a key step in converting biophysical signals into measurable electrical signals. The photodiode module is stacked on top of the chip-level light source and faces the light-emitting front of the chip-level light source. The stacking design improves integration and space utilization efficiency. The vertical stacking method reduces the planar area occupied by the health detection device, which helps to miniaturize and portability the health detection device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the analog front-end module is stacked on top of the photodiode module. This vertical stacking architecture helps save space, shortens the transmission path of electrical signals, and helps reduce signal attenuation and external interference, thereby improving the performance of the entire miniature health monitoring device.

[0025] The analog front-end module receives the converted electrical signal from the photodiode module. The electrical signal output by the photodiode module is typically very weak and susceptible to noise interference. The analog front-end module can perform precise processing on this signal, including signal amplification, filtering, conditioning, and analog-to-digital conversion. It converts the physical world information (optical signal) detected by the photodiode into a language that the electronic world can process (digital signal), significantly improving signal availability and quality in the process. The analog front-end module is crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable health monitoring data, whether measuring blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, or other physiological parameters.

[0026] Based on the miniature health monitoring device proposed in this application, a chip-level light source serves as the light source, emitting detection light of a specific wavelength to penetrate or irradiate human tissue (such as skin). A photodiode module is stacked above the chip-level light source, facing its emitting surface. The photodiode module is a semiconductor device that converts received light signals into electrical signals. In the miniature health monitoring device, the photodiode module captures the light signals transmitted or reflected back after passing through human tissue; these light signals carry physiological parameter information. An analog front-end module is stacked above the photodiode module and can be used to receive and process the weak electrical signals output by the photodiode module, enabling subsequent analysis and interpretation by a digital signal processor or microcontroller, which is crucial for improving measurement accuracy and stability. The layered stacking design of this application achieves high integration, reducing space waste caused by inter-component wiring and discrete layouts in traditional designs. It solves the problem of large size in existing health monitoring devices, reducing their size and making them more suitable for wearable or portable health monitoring applications.

[0027] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The chip-level light source 101 includes: a substrate 201 on which a light-emitting circuit is provided; a chip-level encapsulation layer including an encapsulation structure 203 and a light-emitting chip 202 disposed within the encapsulation structure, wherein the light-emitting chip is disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the light-emitting circuit, and the light-emitting chip is a sub-millimeter-level light-emitting diode (Mini LED); and a lens layer 204 sealed to the substrate and covering the chip-level encapsulation layer.

[0028] In some embodiments, the substrate serves as the fundamental support structure for the entire chip-level light source. It is made of materials with good electrical conductivity and heat dissipation properties, such as ceramics, metals, or other composite materials. The substrate houses light-emitting circuitry, providing mechanical support and a heat conduction path for the light-emitting chip, helping to dissipate the heat generated during chip operation and ensuring the stability and long-term reliability of the chip-level light source. The light-emitting circuitry on the substrate powers the light-emitting chip and controls its operating state. This circuitry includes driving circuits, control circuits, etc., adjusting the brightness, color, and on / off state of the light-emitting chip through specific signals to meet different lighting or display needs. The chip-level packaging layer includes a packaging structure and the light-emitting chip disposed within the packaging structure. The light-emitting chip is a Mini LED. As an advanced light-emitting technology, Mini LEDs offer higher brightness, better contrast, and finer local dimming capabilities compared to traditional LEDs. The light-emitting chip is directly mounted on the substrate and electrically connected to the light-emitting circuitry, serving as the primary light-emitting element of the chip-level light source. The packaging structure surrounds the light-emitting chip, protecting it from environmental factors and providing mechanical strength to prevent physical damage. A lens layer is sealed to the substrate and covers the chip-level packaging layer. The lens layer focuses and controls the output direction of the light from the light-emitting chip. The lens layer can be designed as a single lens or an array of lenses, which can improve the beam angle, uniformity, and intensity distribution of the light source, helping the light to illuminate in a predetermined pattern. The chip-level light source integrates a high-efficiency light-emitting chip, precise circuit control, robust packaging protection, and optimized light output control. Its compact size can significantly reduce the size and power consumption of miniature health monitoring devices.

[0029] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The encapsulation structure 203 includes a scattering layer 301, which is a silicone layer with diffused particles inside, and the scattering layer 301 covers the light-emitting front side of the chip-level encapsulation layer.

[0030] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The encapsulation structure 203 includes a reflective layer 302, which is a transparent silicone layer with diffuse particles inside. The proportion of diffuse particles in the reflective layer 302 is greater than the proportion of diffuse particles in the scattering layer. The reflective layer 302 covers the scattering layer 301.

[0031] In some embodiments, the scattering layer is located above the chip-level packaging layer, directly covering the front of the light-emitting chip. All light emitted from the light-emitting chip undergoes scattering before reaching the external environment, maximizing the diffusion effect and resulting in a more uniform and wider final light field distribution regardless of the light output angle of the light-emitting chip. The scattering layer consists of a silicone layer containing diffusing particles. Silicone is a transparent, high-temperature resistant, and weather-resistant elastic material that can be used as an optical material. The diffusing particles are dispersed in the silicone, and their size, shape, and distribution directly affect the light scattering effect. When the detection light is emitted from the light-emitting chip and enters the scattering layer, the diffusing particles can randomly change the direction of light propagation, causing scattering. This makes the originally concentrated light more uniform, avoiding hot spots (overly concentrated light spots) and improving the uniformity of light output from the light source.

[0032] In some embodiments, the encapsulation structure further includes a reflective layer, which may cover the scattering layer. This reflective layer is a transparent silicone layer containing diffuse particles, with a higher proportion of diffuse particles in the reflective layer than in the scattering layer. The increased number of diffuse particles can fine-tune the internal reflection path of light, reducing light loss and indirectly improving light utilization. A portion of the light emitted from the front of the LED chip is refracted, passing sequentially through the scattering layer and the reflective layer before exiting from the front of the LED chip. Another portion of the light is refracted back to the scattering layer by the reflective layer. The scattering and reflective layers then reflect and refract this refracted portion again, ensuring that the light emitted from the front of the LED chip is not repeatedly reflected and absorbed within the encapsulation after vertical reflection, thus reducing light loss. Furthermore, it allows more light to be quickly extracted from different angles on the side of the LED chip, thereby expanding the LED chip's emission angle.

[0033] In some embodiments, the diffused particles include silica solid particles and titanium dioxide solid particles.

[0034] In some embodiments, the light-emitting chip includes any one or a combination of red light chips and green light chips.

[0035] In some embodiments, the miniature health monitoring device detects light of a specific wavelength illuminating the skin and analyzes changes in reflected or transmitted light to infer health indicators such as blood composition and hemodynamic parameters. Red light wavelengths (e.g., 680nm) are sensitive for detecting blood oxygen saturation. Hemoglobin absorbs red light differently when bound to oxygen than when not bound to it; by comparing the absorption difference between red and infrared light, blood oxygen saturation can be calculated. When the light-emitting chip is a red light chip, the miniature health monitoring device is suitable for monitoring blood flow in deep tissues, such as monitoring physiological signals at the wrist in wearable devices. Green light wavelengths (e.g., 525nm) are effective for monitoring heart rate. The absorption rate of hemoglobin in the green light band varies significantly with blood volume, making the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal clearer. When the light-emitting chip is a green light chip, the miniature health monitoring device is suitable for heart rate monitoring. By using both red and green light chips and making full use of the physiological characteristics of different wavelengths of light, the miniature health monitoring device can simultaneously or alternately measure multiple physiological parameters, such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure trend, and heart rate variability, providing more comprehensive health monitoring.

[0036] In some embodiments, the miniature health monitoring device further includes a separator module disposed between the chip-level light source and the photodiode module.

[0037] In some embodiments, the separator module acts as a barrier between the chip-level light source and the photodiode module, preventing direct light leakage or stray light interference, and avoiding direct light leakage from the light source to the receiver, which could cause signal distortion or interference. In optical detection of miniature health monitoring devices, such as heart rate or blood oxygen monitoring, ensuring that only light signals reflected or transmitted through human tissue are received by the photodiode module is crucial. The separator module effectively prevents direct light from sources that do not interact with the human body from directly illuminating the photodiode module, improving measurement accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the separator module blocks the influence of ambient light on the photodiode module. If ambient light directly enters the photodiode module, it may introduce noise, affecting the accuracy of the detection results. The separator module helps maintain a relatively pure detection environment, allowing only light signals that have passed through human tissue to pass through.

[0038] In some embodiments, the separator module is a black light-absorbing resin, and the interior of the separator module includes a microporous structure.

[0039] In some embodiments, the separator module is made of black light-absorbing resin and has an internal microporous structure. The black light-absorbing resin has a high absorption rate, which can effectively absorb and block stray light and non-target light, preventing stray light and non-target light from directly irradiating the photodiode module and reducing interference. The separator module includes a microporous structure. The design of the microporous structure can improve the light absorption capacity without increasing the weight or thickness too much, which helps to make the light signal received by the photodiode module purer and improve the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0040] In some embodiments, the miniature health monitoring device further includes: a charging base, in which a primary coil is disposed; a receiving module disposed inside the miniature health monitoring device, in which a secondary coil and a control circuit are disposed; when the distance between the receiving module and the charging base is less than a first preset value, the secondary coil generates an induced current, and the control circuit receives the induced current and converts the induced current to obtain regulated DC power; and a battery disposed inside the miniature health monitoring device for receiving regulated DC power.

[0041] In some embodiments, the miniature health monitoring device can employ wireless charging technology, eliminating the need for wired connections, further simplifying the device structure and reducing external accessories. The wireless charging function integrated into the miniature health monitoring device is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and its main components include a charging base, a receiving module, and a battery. The charging base contains a primary coil, which serves as the transmitter of the wireless charging system. When the charging base is connected to a power source, an alternating current flows through the primary coil, generating a changing magnetic field. The receiving module, located inside the miniature health monitoring device, contains a secondary coil and a control circuit. The secondary coil within the receiving module can receive the magnetic field generated by the primary coil when the distance between the receiving module and the charging base is less than a first preset value, inducing an induced current within it. The control circuit converts the alternating current induced by the secondary coil into direct current and, through voltage regulation, ensures a stable output current suitable for the charging needs of the device's internal battery. The battery receives the regulated direct current converted by the control circuit for charging, storing electrical energy for the daily operation of the miniature health monitoring device. The battery allows the miniature health monitoring device to operate independently without a direct power connection, extending its portability and usage time. When a user places the miniature health monitoring device on the charging dock, and the distance between them is less than a first preset value, the magnetic field generated by the primary coil of the charging dock interacts with the secondary coil in the receiving module. This interaction induces alternating current (AC) in the secondary coil through electromagnetic induction. The control circuit then converts this AC current into regulated direct current (DC) suitable for battery charging, enabling wireless charging and enhancing both the user experience and the device's practicality. Through the integration and design of these modules, the miniature health monitoring device achieves wireless charging without significantly increasing its size, further improving user convenience and experience.

[0042] In some embodiments, the control circuit includes: a rectifier circuit for converting the induced current to obtain direct current; and a voltage regulator circuit for receiving the direct current and regulating it to obtain regulated direct current.

[0043] In some embodiments, the rectifier circuit converts the alternating current (AC) induced in the secondary coil into unidirectional pulsating direct current (DC). However, although the rectified DC is unidirectional, its voltage still fluctuates with the amplitude of the input AC, exhibiting significant pulsation, making it unsuitable for directly supplying precision electronic components or charging batteries. A voltage regulator circuit can adjust the output voltage to obtain regulated DC, ensuring the output voltage remains stable at a preset value, unaffected by input voltage fluctuations. This protects critical components in the circuit from damage caused by voltage fluctuations, provides safe and stable charging conditions for the battery, and extends battery life. The rectifier circuit converts the induced current into DC, ensuring the adaptation of the energy form. The voltage regulator circuit further improves the quality of the energy, ensuring the stability of the output voltage. The rectifier and voltage regulator circuits work together to provide a reliable and efficient power supply solution for miniature health monitoring devices.

[0044] In some embodiments, the signal transmission path between the photodiode module and the analog front-end module is a flexible circuit.

[0045] In some embodiments, flexible circuits possess flexibility and bendability, allowing them to be freely bent and folded within a limited space, making them ideal for miniaturized and complex-shaped device designs. In miniature health monitoring devices where space is extremely limited, the signal transmission path between the photodiode module and the analog front-end module allows flexible circuits to maximize space utilization while simplifying the assembly process. This enables the photodiode module to fit snugly against the area to be measured, improving both the accuracy and comfort of the measurement.

[0046] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A miniature health monitoring device, characterized in that, include: Chip-level light source, used to emit detection light; A photodiode module is stacked above the chip-level light source and faces the light-emitting front of the chip-level light source. It is used to receive the light signal transmitted or reflected back by the detection light and convert the light signal into an electrical signal. An analog front-end module is stacked on top of the photodiode module to receive the electrical signals sent by the photodiode module and to process the electrical signals.

2. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chip-level light source includes: A substrate, wherein a light-emitting circuit is provided on the substrate; A chip-level packaging layer includes a packaging structure and a light-emitting chip disposed within the packaging structure. The light-emitting chip is disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the light-emitting circuit. The light-emitting chip is a Mini LED. A lens layer, which is sealed to the substrate and covers the chip-level packaging layer.

3. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The packaging structure includes a scattering layer that covers the light-emitting front side of the chip-level packaging layer.

4. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The encapsulation structure includes a reflective layer that covers the scattering layer.

5. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light-emitting chip includes any one or a combination of red light chips and green light chips.

6. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A separator module is disposed between the chip-level light source and the photodiode module.

7. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The separating module is made of black light-absorbing resin, and the separating module has a microporous structure inside.

8. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A charging dock, wherein a primary coil is disposed therein; A receiving module is disposed inside the miniature health detection device. The receiving module is provided with a secondary coil and a control circuit. When the distance between the receiving module and the charging base is less than a first preset value, the secondary coil generates an induced current. The control circuit receives the induced current and converts the induced current to obtain regulated DC power. A battery, located inside the miniature health monitoring device, is used to receive the regulated DC power.

9. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control circuit includes: A rectifier circuit is used to convert the induced current into direct current; A voltage regulator circuit is used to receive the DC power and regulate the DC power to obtain the regulated DC power.

10. The miniature health monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal transmission path between the photodiode module and the analog front-end module is a flexible circuit.

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