Carbon dioxide capture device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a carbon dioxide capturing device, which comprises a cyclone separator, a vortex deduster, a cooler, a spraying cooling part, a carbon catcher, a plant shed and a method for capturing carbon dioxide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to carbon capture devices, specifically a capture device and method for capturing carbon dioxide in chimney exhaust gas. Background Technology

[0002] Since the Industrial Revolution, the massive burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil has caused a surge in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. Large amounts of carbon dioxide gas act like a thick blanket around the Earth, leading to global warming and subsequently triggering a series of disasters such as melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and frequent extreme weather events.

[0003] Currently, some industries, such as cement, steel, and chemical production, find it difficult to completely eliminate fossil fuels under existing technologies. These production processes generate significant carbon emissions, primarily through exhaust gases from chimneys, which cannot be resolved simply by "not using coal."

[0004] A search revealed the following existing devices and methods for carbon capture:

[0005] 1. Chinese patent application (CN223741098U) discloses a carbon dioxide capture and recovery system in its specification, comprising a carbon capture unit, a cooling unit, a drying unit, a liquefaction unit, and a storage unit connected sequentially by pipelines. After capturing carbon dioxide, the carbon capture unit cools it down in the cooling unit, then dries it in the drying unit, and finally liquefies it in the liquefaction unit to form liquid carbon dioxide, which is then transported to the storage unit for storage. Thus, this device uses hydraulic storage to capture carbon dioxide.

[0006] 2. Chinese patent application (CN121197998A) discloses a carbon dioxide capture device in its specification, including a heat distribution pipe, a mixing absorption tank, and a heating separation tank; one end of the heat distribution pipe is a cold gas outlet, and the other end is a hot gas outlet; the heating separation tank is fixedly connected to the hot gas outlet, and a heating box fixedly connected to the hot gas outlet is disposed inside the heating separation tank; a first partition is fixedly connected inside the mixing absorption tank, and a second partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mixing absorption tank between the first partition and the top of the mixing absorption tank; the first partition and the second partition are fixedly connected inside the tank. The device includes a film-forming tube, a gas chamber between the first and second partitions, and a liquid chamber between the second partition and the top of the mixing absorption tank. An inlet is connected to the liquid chamber and is connected to a liquid supply device, allowing high-pressure monoethanolamine to be injected into the liquid chamber. A connecting pipe connects the gas chamber to the cold gas outlet. The film-forming tube has a first oblique hole connecting the gas chamber and the liquid chamber. Exhaust pipes are fixedly connected to the first and second partitions. One end of a drain pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing absorption tank, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of a heating separation tank. Therefore, this device absorbs carbon dioxide gas with high-pressure monoethanolamine and then releases it through heating.

[0007] As mentioned above, neither of the existing carbon dioxide capture technologies eliminates carbon dioxide gas; both involve storing the captured gas. Obviously, storage requires high-pressure tanks and occupies space. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a carbon dioxide capture device and method. This invention can capture carbon dioxide from exhaust gases emitted from chimneys, preventing carbon dioxide from being directly released into the atmosphere with the exhaust gases.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A carbon dioxide capture device includes a cyclone separator; a vortex separator for further removing particles from the exhaust gas; a cooler; a spray cooling element; a carbon capture device connected to the spray cooling element, which is connected to the cooler, which is connected to the vortex separator, which is connected to the cyclone separator; and a plant shed connected to the carbon capture device.

[0010] Furthermore, the vortex impurity remover includes a vortex impurity remover tank and a vortex generator. The vortex generator is provided with multiple sets of vortex blade groups, a rotating shaft and a driving component. The rotating shaft is placed inside the vortex impurity remover tank, and multiple sets of vortex blade groups are installed at intervals on the rotating shaft. The driving component is installed in the vortex impurity remover tank and is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the vortex blade assembly includes at least three vortex blades, which are arranged at circumferential intervals.

[0012] Furthermore, the vortex blade assembly includes at least three circumferentially distributed helical hyperboloids.

[0013] Furthermore, the cooler includes multiple cooling honeycomb panels, which are arranged in parallel at intervals to form a stepped phase change cooling system. The cooling honeycomb panels are made of multi-stage phase change materials.

[0014] Furthermore, the spray cooling component includes a spray cooling tank, spray pipes and spray pipe supports. Multiple parallel spray pipe supports are installed inside the spray cooling tank, and multiple spray pipes are vertically installed on the spray pipe supports, with the multiple spray pipes distributed circumferentially.

[0015] Furthermore, the spray pipe has multiple rows of spray holes distributed on its circumferential surface along its length, and the spray holes spray water vapor outward in an atomized form.

[0016] Furthermore, the carbon capture device includes multiple horizontally installed carbon capture plates and a rinsing component, with a rinsing component adapted to be installed above each carbon capture plate; the carbon capture plates are covered with carbon capture holes, and the inner surface of the carbon capture holes is coated with a metal-organic framework material with a specific surface area of ​​7000-7500 m² / g.

[0017] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention also includes a first induced draft fan, a vapor-liquid separator, a second induced draft fan, a first pneumatic control valve, a first CO2 concentration sensor, a circulation pipe, and a controller; the cooler and the spray cooling component are connected via the first induced draft fan, the spray cooling component and the carbon capture device are connected via the second induced draft fan, and a vapor-liquid separator is installed on the connecting pipe between the carbon capture device and the second induced draft fan; the carbon capture device and the plant shed are connected via a sixth conveying pipe, the first pneumatic control valve is installed on the sixth conveying pipe near one end of the carbon capture device, and the first CO2 concentration sensor is installed on the sixth conveying pipe near the other end of the plant shed; one end of the circulation pipe is connected to the sixth conveying pipe, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the second induced draft fan, a one-way valve is installed on the circulation pipe near one end of the second induced draft fan, and the second pneumatic control valve is installed on the circulation pipe near the other end of the sixth conveying pipe; the first induced draft fan, the second induced draft fan, the first pneumatic control valve, and the first CO2 concentration sensor are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] A carbon dioxide capture method, utilizing the aforementioned carbon dioxide capture device, includes the following steps: S1: The exhaust gas emitted from the chimney is passed into the cyclone separator, which separates the gas from the particles in the flue gas. S2: The gas filtered by the cyclone separator enters the vortex separator. The vortex separator drives the gas to form a vortex flow, which throws out the particles contained in the gas. The thrown-out particles adhere to the inner wall of the vortex separator. S3: The gas discharged from the vortex cleaner in step S2 is passed into the cooler, and the cooler performs a step phase change cooling on the gas, reducing the gas temperature from 150℃~200℃ to 80℃. S4: The gas obtained in step S3 and cooled to 80°C is introduced into the spray cooling component for atomized spray cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 25°C to 30°C. S5: The gas cooled to 25°C to 30°C obtained in step S4 is passed into a carbon trap, which captures carbon dioxide from the gas entering it. S6: The gas that meets the emission standards after carbon dioxide capture in step S5 is introduced into the plant greenhouse, where the plant greenhouse absorbs the residual carbon dioxide in the gas through plant photosynthesis.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the significant beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. This invention removes particulate matter from flue gas twice, followed by two cooling processes. The resulting room-temperature gas is then subjected to carbon capture, achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions. Specifically, the flue gas undergoes a first-stage particulate removal process via a cyclone separator, followed by a second-stage particulate removal process via a vortex separator, resulting in purified gas. The gas is then cooled by a cooler and subsequently cooled again by a spray cooling system to room temperature. This room-temperature gas is then fed into a carbon capture device to capture carbon dioxide, eliminating it. The remaining gas is then introduced into a plant shed, where it is absorbed through photosynthesis, achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions from the flue gas and preventing the generation of large amounts of flue gas from industrial boilers.

[0020] 2. In this invention, the carbon capture plate of the carbon capture device is covered with carbon capture pores, and the inner surface of the carbon capture pores is coated with a metal-organic framework material with a specific surface area of ​​7000-7500 m² / g. The pore sieving and site identification can easily distinguish CO2 from N2 and O2. The huge specific surface area results in an adsorption capacity far exceeding that of traditional materials. Physical adsorption is regenerated by heating / depressurizing, while chemical adsorption can be desorbed by moderate heating. The pore size and active sites can be adjusted by changing the metal / ligand to adapt to different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. The elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon dioxide capture device according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the cyclone separator and the vortex impurity remover in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the carbon trap to the plant shed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling honeycomb panel in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray pipe with multiple spray holes distributed in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon-capturing holes distributed on the carbon-capturing plate in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flushing component in this invention; The reference numerals and their corresponding component names in the figure are as follows: 1-Exhaust gas emission component, 2-Exhaust gas conveying pipe, 3-Cyclone separator, 4-Cyclone unloader, 5-Controller, 6-First conveying pipe, 7-Drive component, 8-Support platform, 9-Steering gearbox, 10-Vortex impurity removal tank, 101-Conical upper tank, 102-Lower tank, 103-Shaft sleeve, 104-Tank flange assembly, 105-Blind flange, 106-Bolt, 107-Tank support, 11-Vortex blades, 12-Adsorption layer, 13-Second conveying pipe, 14-Pipe flange assembly, 15-Cooler, 151-Inlet end, 152-Outlet end, 16-Cooling honeycomb plate, 161-Honeycomb hole, 17-Amplifier, 18-Conical closing device, 19-First induced draft fan, 20-First discharge valve, 21-Spray cooling tank, 22-Spray pipe support, 23-Spray pipe, 231-Spray 24-Spray water pipe, 25-First control valve, 26-Third delivery pipe, 27-Gas-water separator, 28-Second induced draft fan, 29-Flow meter, 30-Fifth delivery pipe, 31-Second CO2 concentration sensor, 32-Temperature sensor, 33-Flushing liquid pipe, 34-Second control valve, 35-Flushing ring pipe, 351-Flushing nozzle, 36-Carbon capture plate, 361-Carbon capture hole, 37-Sixth delivery pipe, 38-Carbon capture device, 39-Gas diffuser, 40-Drain pipe, 41-Drain valve, 42-First check valve, 43-First CO2 concentration sensor, 44-Plant shed, 45-Green plants, 46-Shaft support frame, 47-Rotating shaft, 48-First pneumatic control valve, 49-Second pneumatic control valve, 50-Circulation pipe, 51-Second check valve, 52-Fourth delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 7As shown, this disclosure presents a carbon dioxide capture device, including a cyclone separator 3, a vortex separator 10, a cooler 15, a spray cooling component, a carbon capture device 38, and a plant greenhouse 44. The carbon capture device and the spray cooling component are connected via a third conveying pipe 26. The spray cooling component is connected to the cooler 15. The cooler 15 is connected to the vortex separator 10 via a second conveying pipe 13. The vortex separator is connected to the outlet of the cyclone separator 3 via a first conveying pipe 6. The inlet of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to a chimney 1 via a tail gas conveying pipe 2. The tail gas generated by the chimney 1 is sent to the inlet of the cyclone separator 3 via the tail gas conveying pipe 2, and the flue gas enters tangentially to the circumferential surface of the cyclone separator 3. The plant greenhouse 44 is connected to the carbon capture device via a sixth conveying pipe 36, and green plants are grown inside the plant greenhouse 44. The plant greenhouse can be transparent to allow light transmission, thereby facilitating the absorption of carbon dioxide and photosynthesis by the green plants inside.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a cyclone discharger 4 is installed at the bottom of the cyclone separator 3. The cyclone discharger continuously discharges the particles that fall after being separated by cyclone flow through the rotation of the internal rotor. At the same time, it achieves gas-solid sealing to prevent external gas from entering the cyclone separator 3, maintains stable airflow inside the cyclone separator 3, avoids interference with the internal vortex flow field and cooling effect during the unloading process, and ensures continuous and stable operation of the cyclone separator 3.

[0027] To facilitate gas flow, a first induced draft fan 19 and a second induced draft fan 28 are installed. The first induced draft fan 19 draws gas from the cooler 15, providing power for gas flow within the cooler and simultaneously pushing the drawn gas into the spray cooling component, causing the gas to flow upwards through the bottom of the spray cooling component. The second induced draft fan 28 draws gas from the spray cooling component and then sends it to the carbon scavenger, providing power for the gas flow through the carbon scavenger.

[0028] To prevent water vapor from entering the carbon trap via the spray cooling components, a steam-water separator 27 is installed. The steam-water separator separates the steam and water, preventing water vapor from entering the carbon trap.

[0029] To monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in the emitted gas, a first CO2 concentration sensor 43 and a controller 5 are installed. Of course, if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas emitted into the plant greenhouse exceeds a set limit, the first gas control valve 48 is closed, and the gas re-enters the carbon capture device via the circulation pipe 50 to capture carbon dioxide again.

[0030] During installation and use, the cooler 15 is connected to the spray cooling component via the first induced draft fan 19, and the spray cooling component is connected to the carbon capture device via the second induced draft fan 28. A steam-water separator 27 is installed on the connecting pipe between the carbon capture device and the second induced draft fan 28. The carbon capture device is connected to the plant shed 44 via the sixth conveying pipe 37. The first pneumatic control valve 48 is installed on the sixth conveying pipe 37 near the end of the carbon capture device, and the first CO2 concentration sensor 43 is installed on the sixth conveying pipe 37 near the other end of the plant shed 44. One end of the circulation pipe 50 is connected to the sixth conveying pipe 37, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the second induced draft fan 28. A one-way valve 51 is installed on the circulation pipe 50 near the end of the second induced draft fan 28, and the second pneumatic control valve 48 is installed on the circulation pipe 50 near the other end of the sixth conveying pipe 37. The first induced draft fan 19, the second induced draft fan 28, the first pneumatic control valve 48, and the first CO2 concentration sensor 43 are all electrically connected to the controller 5.

[0031] Understandably, the first CO2 concentration sensor 43 detects in real time that when the carbon dioxide volume fraction is not higher than 0.5%, the gas discharged from the carbon capture device enters the plant greenhouse; when the carbon dioxide volume fraction is not higher than 0.5%, the gas discharged from the carbon capture device returns to the carbon capture device through the circulation pipe for carbon capture again.

[0032] It is also understood that the controller has an intelligent display screen, which has control touch buttons for operating the drive unit 7, the first induced draft fan 19, and the second induced draft fan 28. The touch buttons may include a stop button, a start button, etc. The intelligent display screen can also display the volume concentration of carbon dioxide gas detected by the first CO2 concentration sensor 43.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a first drain valve 20 is installed at the bottom of the spray cooling tank 21, which can discharge the wastewater generated by the spray cooling.

[0034] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the steam-water separator 27 is connected to the second induced draft fan 28 via the fourth delivery pipe 52, and the second induced draft fan 28 is connected to the carbon capture device via the fifth delivery pipe 30. A flow meter 29, a first one-way valve 42, a second CO2 concentration sensor 31, and a temperature sensor 32 are installed on the fifth delivery pipe 30. All of these components are electrically connected to the controller 5. The corresponding data obtained by each of the flow meter 29, the second CO2 concentration sensor 31, and the temperature sensor 32 can be displayed on the intelligent display screen.

[0035] The second CO2 concentration sensor 31 can detect the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas entering the carbon trap.

[0036] The first CO2 concentration sensor 43 detects the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas discharged after passing through the carbon capture device.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, a gas diffuser 39 is installed inside the carbon trap. The gas diffuser 39 is connected to the fifth delivery pipe 39, which facilitates the rapid diffusion of the gas delivered from the fifth delivery pipe 30 within the carbon trap, thereby increasing the carbon trapping area.

[0038] In some optional embodiments of this disclosure, a structure of a vortex impurity remover is provided. The vortex impurity remover includes a vortex impurity remover tank 10 and a vortex generator. The vortex generator is provided with multiple sets of vortex blade groups, a rotating shaft 47 and a driving component 7. The rotating shaft 47 is placed inside the vortex impurity remover tank. Multiple sets of vortex blade groups are installed at intervals on the rotating shaft 47. The driving component 7 is installed in the vortex impurity remover and is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 47.

[0039] The driving component acts as a power source, driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft then drives multiple sets of vortex blades mounted on it to rotate simultaneously. After rotation, the multiple sets of vortex blades force the gas inside the vortex cleaner to form a vortex flow.

[0040] To accommodate the drive unit, a support platform 8 is added. The support platform 8 is mounted on the vortex separator 10 and is used to support the drive unit 7. Understandably, the drive unit can be a drive motor.

[0041] A transmission connection structure between the drive component and the rotating shaft: the drive component 7 and the rotating shaft 47 are connected by a steering gearbox 9.

[0042] Understandably, the steering gearbox may include a housing and two meshing bevel gears, one bevel gear being keyed to the output shaft of the drive unit, and the other bevel gear being keyed to the rotating shaft.

[0043] To support the fixed steering gearbox, a shaft support bracket 46 is added. The shaft support bracket 46 is installed on the vortex separator and is used to support the fixed installation of the steering gearbox.

[0044] It should be noted that when the rotating shaft passes through the shaft support frame, the shaft support frame is equipped with a bushing, and the rotating shaft is connected to the bushing through double bearings. Of course, a spacer sleeve is installed between the two bearings, and the spacer sleeve can limit the two bearings on the rotating shaft.

[0045] One structure of the vortex impurity removal tank 10 includes a conical upper tank 101, a lower tank 102, a tank flange assembly 104, a blind flange 105, and a tank support 107. The top and bottom of the lower tank 102 are both open. The top of the lower tank 102 is connected to the bottom of the conical upper tank 101 via the tank flange assembly 104. The bottom of the lower tank 102 is fixedly connected to the blind flange 105 by multiple bolts 106, thus sealing the open ends of the lower tank. The lower tank 102 is equipped with the tank support 107, which raises the height difference between the lower tank and the ground, facilitating the detachable installation of the blind flange 105 at the bottom of the lower tank.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, a bushing 103 is installed on the blind flange 105 to support the smooth rotation of the shaft. When installing the blind flange, the bushing 103 is first fitted onto the shaft, and then fixed to the lower tank body by multiple bolts.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an adsorption structure of a vortex impurity remover is given, wherein adsorption layers 12 are evenly distributed on the inner sides of the conical upper tank 101 and lower tank 102.

[0048] The adsorption layer 12 can be a porous ceramic coating. The gas forms a vortex flow in the tank, and the centrifugal force throws the particles toward the inner wall, where they are adsorbed and trapped by the porous ceramic coating, thus achieving gas dust removal and purification.

[0049] The first structure of the vortex blade assembly: The vortex blade assembly includes at least three vortex blades 11, which are arranged at circumferential intervals. Each vortex blade assembly may include 3, 4, 5, or 6 vortex blades, etc. Understandably, the vortex blades may be fan blades.

[0050] The number of vortex blade assemblies can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 sets, depending on the height of the tank. When multiple vortex blade assemblies are installed, they rotate simultaneously and continuously with the shaft, generating a stable spiral vortex flow that runs throughout the entire height of the tank within the vortex impurity separator. The simultaneous rotation of multiple vortex blade assemblies ensures continuous power supply throughout the entire process, preventing the vortex flow from weakening as it rises, thus solving the problem of insufficient vortex intensity and decreasing flow strength in traditional systems. Furthermore, centrifugal force acts throughout the entire process, continuously throwing particles towards the inner wall where they are adsorbed and retained by the adsorption layer.

[0051] The second structure of the vortex blade assembly: The vortex blade assembly includes helical hyperboloids. The vortex blade assembly may include at least three helical hyperboloids, for example, each set may have 3, 4, 5, or 6 helical hyperboloids, evenly arranged circumferentially. Multiple helical hyperboloids can drive the gas swirling flow within the vortex impurity remover to be uniform, stable, and with low resistance, and can propel the gas in a circular and axial motion as a whole.

[0052] Understandably, the spiral hyperboloid has a smooth surface with no dead angles or abrupt changes, allowing gas to naturally spiral upwards / downwards along the surface. The hyperboloid is streamlined, resulting in low wind pressure loss and minimal dust accumulation. During rotation, the spiral surface continuously applies centrifugal acceleration, causing particles in the gas to be constantly flung outwards. These flung particles collide with the adsorption layer on the inner side of the vortex separator and are absorbed and retained by the adsorption layer.

[0053] It is also understandable that the vortex separator has multiple sets of vortex blades installed in height to achieve multi-layer superposition and multiple sets of spiral hyperboloids vertically spaced and rotating simultaneously. This allows the gas to form a strong spiral vortex field that runs through the entire tank, with the vortex flow not attenuating or interrupted. At the same time, it reduces airflow resistance, prolongs the residence time of the gas in the vortex separator, improves the particle capture effect, and makes the device more stable in operation and less prone to dust accumulation and blockage.

[0054] It should also be noted that the vortex separator is constructed by assembling a conical upper tank 101, a lower tank 102, and a blind flange 105. The conical upper tank 101 and lower tank 102 are connected by a tank flange assembly, which includes two tank flanges, a tank gasket, and multiple matching bolts. One tank flange is installed on the conical upper tank, and the other is installed on the top of the lower tank. The two tank flanges clamp the tank gasket and are then fixed together with multiple bolts. The tank gasket ensures a tight seal at the connection between the two tank flanges. Similarly, a bottom tank flange is provided on the bottom surface of the lower tank corresponding to the blind flange 105. During installation, a tank gasket is installed between the bottom tank flange and the blind flange, and the connection is then secured with multiple bolts. The tank gasket ensures a tight seal at the connection between the bottom tank flange and the blind flange.

[0055] In some optional embodiments of this disclosure, a cooling structure for the cooler is provided. For example... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the cooler 15 includes multiple cooling honeycomb panels 16, which are arranged in parallel at intervals to form a stepped phase change cooling system. The cooling honeycomb panels 16 are made of multi-stage phase change (PCM) material. The core characteristic of multi-stage phase change material is that it utilizes materials with different phase change temperatures or different thermophysical properties to achieve stepped storage and release of heat.

[0056] The stepped phase change cooling structure inside the cooler can be 200℃, 150℃, 120℃, 100℃, and 90℃. Correspondingly, the number of cooling honeycomb panels can be 5. The gas absorbs heat and cools down as it passes through each cooling honeycomb panel. Each cooling honeycomb panel absorbs heat at its respective phase change point, so that the gas temperature is gradually and smoothly reduced.

[0057] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, the cooler 15 has an inlet end 151 and an outlet end 152. An amplifier 17 is installed inside the cooler 15 near the inlet end 151. The amplifier 17 can diffuse the gas entering the cooler 15 into the cooler, which can facilitate the gas passing through the cooling honeycomb plate 16 inside the cooler with the maximum surface area. A conical constrictor 18 is installed inside the cooler 15 near the outlet end 152, which can facilitate the compression of the gas, increase the outward flow rate of the gas, and prevent some gas from being trapped inside the cooler.

[0058] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the cooler 15 and the vortex impurity removal tank 10 are connected by a second conveying pipe 12. The second conveying pipe 12 is connected to both the cooler 15 and the vortex impurity removal tank 10 via a pipe flange assembly 14. The second conveying pipe 12 may include multiple conveying branch pipes connected together, with adjacent conveying branch pipes connected via the pipe flange assembly 14. The second conveying pipe 12 and the cooler 15 and the vortex impurity removal tank 10 can be detachably installed using the pipe flange assembly, and the second conveying pipe can also be spliced ​​together with multiple conveying branch pipes using the pipe flange assembly.

[0059] Understandably, when it is necessary to separate the upper conical tank from the lower conical tank, the second delivery pipe is separated from the upper conical tank through the pipe flange assembly, and then the upper conical tank is separated from the lower conical tank through the tank flange assembly.

[0060] In some optional embodiments of this disclosure, a structure for a spray cooling component is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the spray cooling component includes a spray cooling tank 21, spray pipes 23 and spray pipe supports 22. Multiple parallel spray pipe supports 22 are installed inside the spray cooling tank 21. Multiple spray pipes 23 are vertically installed on the spray pipe supports 22, and the multiple spray pipes 23 are distributed circumferentially.

[0061] A spray pipe 23 has a spray water supply structure, which is equipped with a spray water pipe 24. The spray water pipe 24 passes through the spray cooling tank 21 and is connected to the spray pipe inside the spray cooling tank to supply spray water to the spray pipe.

[0062] To facilitate the control of the water supply to the sprinkler pipe, a first control valve 25 is installed on the sprinkler pipe 24. When it is necessary to supply water to the sprinkler pipe, the first control valve 25 is in the open state, and the sprinkler pipe supplies water to the sprinkler pipe; when the first control valve 25 is in the closed state, the sprinkler pipe disconnects from the sprinkler pipe, and the sprinkler pipe stops supplying water to the sprinkler pipe.

[0063] Understandably, the first control valve 25 can be electrically connected to the controller 5, and the first control valve 25 can be operated by the controller.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, multiple rows of spray holes 231 are distributed on the circumferential surface of the spray pipe 23 along its length, and the spray holes 231 spray water vapor outward in the form of atomization.

[0065] The spray cooling tank is densely covered with spray pipes around its circumference, and spray holes are arranged on the circumferential surface of the spray pipes along the height direction, forming a multi-layer spray and creating a continuous atomized water mist field. The gas enters the tank from the bottom and immediately comes into contact with the first layer of water mist, starting to cool down. The gas continues to rise, passing through the second, third, fourth, and countless other layers of water mist. The water mist particles are extremely fine and have a huge specific surface area, evaporating and absorbing heat instantly. The hot gas and the cold mist droplets come into full contact in the countercurrent / co-current direction, forcing heat exchange.

[0066] Understandably, multiple spray pipes are vertically arranged inside the spray cooling tank, with multiple spray holes along the vertical height of each pipe. Each spray hole sprays out a fine water mist in an atomized form, creating a full-height, full-coverage atomized cooling field inside the tank. The gas to be cooled flows upward from the bottom of the spray pipes, passing through multiple layers of atomized water mist in sequence, and fully contacting and exchanging heat with the water mist. The water mist evaporates rapidly and absorbs heat, achieving continuous, uniform, and deep cooling of the gas, effectively reducing the gas temperature, and providing a suitable temperature environment for subsequent multi-stage phase change material temperature control and porous ceramic coating adsorption of particles, thereby improving the overall system's cooling efficiency and operational stability.

[0067] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a structure for a carbon trap is provided, such as Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the carbon trap 38 includes multiple horizontally mounted carbon trapping plates 36 and a rinsing component. A rinsing component is fitted above each carbon trapping plate 36. The carbon trapping plates 36 are covered with carbon trapping pores 361, the inner surfaces of which are coated with a metal-organic framework material, resulting in a specific surface area of ​​7000–7500 m² / g. The adsorption efficiency is optimal when the pore size is slightly larger than the dynamic diameter of the CO2 molecule (0.33 nm).

[0068] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) eliminate CO2 primarily through two mechanisms: physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. They utilize weak van der Waals forces and strong chemical bonds, respectively, to achieve precise capture and locking of CO2.

[0069] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) eliminate carbon dioxide through a synergistic effect of physical and chemical adsorption. Physical adsorption relies on the material's three-dimensional porous network structure, utilizing van der Waals forces and pore confinement effects to immobilize carbon dioxide molecules within the microporous structure. Chemical adsorption, on the other hand, depends on open metal sites and active functional groups such as amino groups within the material, forming strong interactions with carbon dioxide molecules through coordination bonds, hydrogen bonds, and acid-base reactions, achieving selective and efficient capture of carbon dioxide. By controlling the type of metal center and the functionalization degree of the organic ligands, the number of adsorption sites and pore size can be precisely optimized, significantly improving carbon dioxide capture capacity, selectivity, and regeneration stability.

[0070] One structure of the flushing unit includes a flushing ring pipe 35 and a flushing liquid pipe 33. The flushing liquid pipe 33 passes through a carbon trap and connects to the flushing ring pipe 35 located within the carbon trap, supplying flushing liquid to the flushing ring pipe 35. A second control valve 34 is installed on the flushing liquid pipe 33, and flushing nozzles 351 are arranged circumferentially on the flushing ring pipe 35. When flushing the carbon trap plate, the second control valve 34 is opened, connecting the flushing liquid pipe 33 and the flushing ring pipe 35. The flushing liquid enters the flushing ring pipe 35 through the flushing liquid pipe, and the flushing liquid in the flushing ring pipe 35 is sprayed outward through the flushing nozzles 351. The water jet sprayed from each flushing nozzle 351 can simultaneously flush multiple carbon trapping holes 361 on the carbon trap plate, achieving the flushing of the carbon trapping holes. When the second control valve 34 is closed, the flushing liquid pipe stops supplying flushing liquid to the flushing ring pipe, and the flushing nozzles stop spraying outward.

[0071] One possible pipe arrangement structure for the flushing ring pipe 35 is a planar spiral coil or a disc-shaped coil.

[0072] It should be noted that the carbon trap is equipped with a pipe support for supporting the flushing ring pipe, and the pipe support is fixedly connected to the carbon trap. For example, the pipe support is welded to the carbon trap.

[0073] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, a first check valve 42 is installed on the fifth conveying pipe 39. The first check valve can prevent the wastewater generated when the flushing component flushes the carbon capture plate from entering the second induced draft fan 28.

[0074] To facilitate the discharge of wastewater generated during rinsing to the carbon capture device, a drain pipe 40 and a drain valve 41 are added. One end of the drain pipe 40 is connected to the fifth conveying pipe 30, and the other end extends out of the carbon capture device and connects to the drain valve 41. When the rinsing unit rinses the carbon capture plates, the drain valve 41 is opened, and the wastewater generated from rinsing multiple carbon capture plates falls into the gas diffuser 39, and then is discharged outward through the fifth conveying pipe 30, the drain pipe 40, and the drain valve 41. After rinsing is completed, the drain valve 41 is closed.

[0075] Understandably, when the fifth conveying pipe 30 and the drain pipe 40 pass through the carbon trap, both the fifth conveying pipe 30 and the drain pipe 40 can be welded to the carbon trap. The welded connection can keep the connection between the fifth conveying pipe 30, the drain pipe 40 and the carbon trap sealed.

[0076] Example 2: This disclosure provides a carbon dioxide capture method, which uses the aforementioned carbon dioxide capture device to capture carbon dioxide. The capture method includes the following steps: S1: The exhaust gas emitted from the chimney is passed into the cyclone separator, which separates the gas from the particles in the flue gas. S2: The gas filtered by the cyclone separator enters the vortex separator. The vortex separator drives the gas to form a vortex flow, which throws out the particles contained in the gas. The thrown-out particles adhere to the inner wall of the vortex separator. S3: The gas discharged from the vortex cleaner in step S2 is passed into the cooler, and the cooler performs a step phase change cooling on the gas, reducing the gas temperature from 200°C to 80°C. S4: The gas obtained in step S3 and cooled to 80°C is introduced into the spray cooling component for atomized spray cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 25°C. S5: The gas cooled to 25°C obtained in step S4 is passed into a carbon trap. The carbon trap captures carbon dioxide from the gas entering it. The carbon trap plate 36 is covered with carbon trap holes 361. The inner surface of the carbon trap holes 361 is coated with a metal-organic framework material with a specific surface area of ​​7000㎡ / g, thereby eliminating carbon dioxide. S6: The gas that meets the emission standards after carbon dioxide capture in step S5 is introduced into the plant greenhouse, where the green plants absorb the residual carbon dioxide in the gas through photosynthesis.

[0077] Example 3: This disclosure provides a carbon dioxide capture method, which uses the aforementioned carbon dioxide capture device to capture carbon dioxide. The capture method includes the following steps: S1: The exhaust gas emitted from the chimney is passed into the cyclone separator, which separates the gas from the particles in the flue gas. S2: The gas filtered by the cyclone separator enters the vortex separator. The vortex separator drives the gas to form a vortex flow, which throws out the particles contained in the gas. The thrown-out particles adhere to the inner wall of the vortex separator. S3: The gas discharged from the vortex cleaner in step S2 is passed into the cooler, and the cooler performs a step phase change cooling on the gas, reducing the gas temperature from 150°C to 80°C. S4: The gas obtained in step S3 and cooled to 80°C is introduced into the spray cooling component for atomized spray cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 30°C. S5: The gas cooled to 30°C obtained in step S4 is passed into a carbon trap. The carbon trap captures carbon dioxide from the gas entering it. The carbon trap plate 36 is covered with carbon trap holes 361. The inner surface of the carbon trap holes 361 is coated with a metal-organic framework material with a specific surface area of ​​7500㎡ / g, thereby eliminating carbon dioxide. S6: The gas that meets the emission standards after carbon dioxide capture in step S5 is introduced into the plant greenhouse, where the green plants absorb the residual carbon dioxide in the gas through photosynthesis.

[0078] Example 4: This disclosure provides a carbon dioxide capture method, which uses the aforementioned carbon dioxide capture device to capture carbon dioxide. The capture method includes the following steps: S1: The exhaust gas emitted from the chimney is passed into the cyclone separator, which separates the gas from the particles in the flue gas. S2: The gas filtered by the cyclone separator enters the vortex separator. The vortex separator drives the gas to form a vortex flow, which throws out the particles contained in the gas. The thrown-out particles adhere to the inner wall of the vortex separator. S3: The gas discharged from the vortex cleaner in step S2 is passed into the cooler, and the cooler performs a step phase change cooling on the gas, reducing the gas temperature from 180°C to 80°C. S4: The gas obtained in step S3 and cooled to 80°C is introduced into the spray cooling component for atomized spray cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 28°C. S5: The gas cooled to 28°C obtained in step S4 is passed into the carbon trap. The carbon trap captures carbon dioxide from the gas entering it. The carbon trap plate 36 is covered with carbon trap holes 361. The inner side of the carbon trap holes 361 is coated with metal-organic framework material with a specific surface area of ​​7250㎡ / g, thereby eliminating carbon dioxide. S6: The gas that meets the emission standards after carbon dioxide capture in step S5 is introduced into the plant greenhouse, where the green plants absorb the residual carbon dioxide in the gas through photosynthesis.

[0079] This invention can purify carbon dioxide from exhaust gas emitted from chimneys, effectively preventing carbon dioxide from being directly released into the atmosphere and increasing the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere. This avoids the greenhouse effect caused by excessive carbon dioxide and achieves carbon dioxide capture.

[0080] The above-described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to facilitate the illustration of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art who makes local modifications or alterations to the technical content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical features of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical features of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide capture device, characterized in that: include Cyclone separator (3); A vortex separator is used to further remove particles from the exhaust gas. Cooler (15); Spray cooling components; A carbon trap is connected to a spray cooling component, which is connected to a cooler (15), which is connected to a vortex cleaner (10), which is connected to a cyclone separator (3). as well as A plant shed, connected to the carbon trap.

2. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex impurity remover includes a vortex impurity remover tank (10) and a vortex generator. The vortex generator is provided with multiple sets of vortex blade groups, a rotating shaft (47) and a driving component (7). The rotating shaft (47) is placed inside the vortex impurity remover tank (10). Multiple sets of vortex blade groups are installed at intervals on the rotating shaft (47). The driving component (7) is installed in the vortex impurity remover tank (10) and is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (47).

3. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vortex blade assembly includes at least three vortex blades (11), which are arranged at circumferential intervals.

4. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vortex blade assembly includes at least three circumferentially distributed helical hyperboloids.

5. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooler (15) includes multiple cooling honeycomb panels (16), which are arranged in parallel at intervals to form a stepped phase change cooling system. The cooling honeycomb panels (16) are made of multi-stage phase change materials.

6. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray cooling component includes a spray cooling tank (21), a spray pipe (23) and a spray pipe support (22). The spray cooling tank (21) is equipped with multiple parallel spray pipe supports (22) spaced apart. Multiple spray pipes (23) are vertically installed on the spray pipe supports (22), and the multiple spray pipes (23) are distributed circumferentially.

7. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray pipe (23) has multiple rows of spray holes distributed on its circumferential surface along its length, and the spray holes spray water vapor outward in an atomized form.

8. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon capture device includes multiple horizontally installed carbon capture plates (36) and a flushing component, with a flushing component adapted to be installed above each carbon capture plate (36); The carbon capture plate (36) is covered with carbon capture holes (361), and the inner surface of the carbon capture holes (361) is coated with metal-organic framework material with a specific surface area of ​​7000-7500 m² / g.

9. The carbon dioxide capture device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes a first induced draft fan (19), a steam-water separator (27), a second induced draft fan (28), a first pneumatic control valve (48), a first CO2 concentration sensor (43), a circulation pipe (50), and a controller (5); The cooler (15) is connected to the spray cooling component via a first induced draft fan (19), and the spray cooling component is connected to the carbon capture device via a second induced draft fan (28). A steam-water separator (27) is installed on the connecting pipe between the carbon capture device and the second induced draft fan (28). The carbon trap is connected to the plant shed (44) via a sixth delivery pipe (37). A first gas control valve (48) is installed on one end of the sixth delivery pipe (37) near the carbon trap, and a first CO2 concentration sensor (43) is installed on the other end of the sixth delivery pipe (37) near the plant shed (44). One end of the circulation pipe (50) is connected to the sixth conveying pipe (37), and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the second induced draft fan (28). A one-way valve (51) is installed on the circulation pipe (50) near the end of the second induced draft fan (28), and a second air control valve (48) is installed on the circulation pipe (50) near the other end of the sixth conveying pipe (37). The first induced draft fan (19), the second induced draft fan (28), the first pneumatic control valve (48), and the first CO2 concentration sensor (43) are all electrically connected to the controller (5).

10. A method for capturing carbon dioxide, characterized in that, Carbon dioxide capture is performed using the carbon dioxide capture device as described in any one of claims 1-9, and the capture method includes the following steps: S1: The exhaust gas emitted from the chimney is passed into the cyclone separator, which separates the gas from the particles in the flue gas. S2: The gas filtered by the cyclone separator enters the vortex separator. The vortex separator drives the gas to form a vortex flow, which throws out the particles contained in the gas. The thrown-out particles adhere to the inner wall of the vortex separator. S3: The gas discharged from the vortex cleaner in step S2 is passed into the cooler, and the cooler performs a step phase change cooling on the gas, reducing the gas temperature from 150℃~200℃ to 80℃. S4: The gas obtained in step S3 and cooled to 80°C is introduced into the spray cooling component for atomized spray cooling, and the temperature is reduced to 25°C to 30°C. S5: The gas cooled to 25°C to 30°C obtained in step S4 is passed into a carbon trap, which captures carbon dioxide from the gas entering it. S6: The gas that meets the emission standards after carbon dioxide capture in step S5 is introduced into the plant greenhouse, where the plant greenhouse absorbs the residual carbon dioxide in the gas through plant photosynthesis.

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