A fixing device for a thin-walled cylinder part capable of automatic shedding

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of cylinder heat treatment, in particular to a kind of thin-walled cylinder fixing device of automatic shedding, adopt wedge-shaped slider and locking type suspension device of cooperation with slope, arc support plate and embedding slider are usually embedded and are connected by fastening screw, due to the existence of machining and assembly tolerance, there is gap when installation butt joint, leading to initial positioning instability, operator needs to manually support when fastening screw, inconvenient operation and prone to deflection, affect the circumferential distribution accuracy of multiple support plates and the clamping uniformity of cylinder. By setting the anti-loosening mechanism of lateral pressing arm between the embedding slider and the bearing inclined block, during the micro-motion sliding process after the arc-shaped support plate is inserted into the embedding slider, the lateral pressing arm can automatically swing outward, so that the elastic pressing strip is pre-pressed on the inner side wall of the installation interface, eliminating the installation gap and forming a stable pre-positioning state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment of cylindrical parts, specifically to a fixing device for thin-walled cylindrical parts that can be automatically detached. Background Technology

[0002] In the heat treatment process, the clamping and hoisting of thin-walled cylindrical parts, such as thin-walled sleeves, are key aspects affecting production efficiency and product quality. Because thin-walled cylindrical parts are prone to deformation at high temperatures, and because uniform heating and cooling of the inner and outer surfaces must be maintained during heat treatment, high demands are placed on the hoisting device: on the one hand, it must ensure stable clamping of the cylindrical parts during hoisting and furnace processing to prevent damage caused by falling or shaking; on the other hand, it must facilitate unloading after heat treatment to avoid affecting production efficiency due to excessive clamping or complex structures.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used hanging methods for thin-walled cylindrical parts during heat treatment mainly include the following:

[0004] First, using simple hooks or brackets to support the cylinder from the outer circumference is prone to leaving clamping marks on the outer surface of the cylinder. Furthermore, the clamping force is unstable due to the difference in thermal expansion after heating, posing a risk of falling off.

[0005] Second, an expansion-type structure with support from the inner bore is adopted, and the radial clamping of the cylinder is achieved by manually or pneumatically driving the expansion mechanism. Although this type of structure can achieve inner bore support, it usually requires manual operation of each cylinder to tighten and loosen, resulting in low loading and unloading efficiency.

[0006] Third, the self-locking suspension device using wedge-shaped sliders and inclined planes is used. The arc-shaped support plate and the embedded slider are usually connected by embedding and fastening screws. Due to the existence of machining and assembly tolerances, there is a gap between the two when they are installed and connected, which leads to unstable initial positioning. Operators need to manually support the screws when tightening them, which is inconvenient and prone to deviation, affecting the circumferential distribution accuracy of multiple support plates and the clamping uniformity of the cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixing device for a thin-walled cylindrical component that can be automatically detached, thereby solving the problems of traditional heat treatment tooling causing the cylindrical component to jam and be difficult to disassemble due to thermal expansion and contraction in high-temperature environments, as well as the need to replace tooling of different sizes for different inner diameter specifications. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a fixing device for a thin-walled cylindrical component that can be automatically detached, comprising a hanging base, the hanging base including a main hanging rod, with an upper hanging ring and a lower hanging ring fixedly installed at both ends, for suspending the entire device on the hanging tooling inside the heat treatment furnace. The main hanging rod has several arc-shaped support plates evenly arranged around its circumference for supporting the thin-walled cylindrical component from the inner hole direction. Multiple fixing components are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main hanging rod, and each arc-shaped support plate is connected to the main hanging rod through a corresponding fixing component.

[0008] Preferably, each fixing component includes a bearing wedge block, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main boom. The bearing wedge block has a guide surface that is inclined to the axis of the main boom. An embedded slider is slidably disposed on the guide surface of the bearing wedge block. The embedded slider can slide back and forth along the direction of the guide surface and form a wedge sliding pair with the bearing wedge block. An installation interface is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support plate for forming an embedded fit with the embedded slider. The embedded slider is machined with a threaded connection hole. A corresponding installation through hole is provided on the arc-shaped support plate. The two are detachably rigidly connected by an external fastening screw passing through the installation through hole and the threaded connection hole.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-loosening mechanism includes a telescopic link located between the embedded slider and the bearing inclined block. A semi-circular swing block is rotatably embedded on the outer wall of the embedded slider, and a fixed support is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the bearing inclined block. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed support. The fixed end of the telescopic link is inserted into and fixed in the drive shaft, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the semi-circular swing block. When the embedded slider slides along the inclined surface, the telescopic movement of the telescopic link is converted into the angular movement of the semi-circular swing block.

[0010] Preferably, a lateral receiving cavity is provided on each of the two end faces of the mounting slider, and a lateral clamping arm is rotatably mounted in each lateral receiving cavity via a hinge shaft, with an elastic pressure strip fixedly mounted on the free end of the lateral clamping arm.

[0011] Preferably, below the threaded connection hole of the mounting slider, an axial push rod is slidably arranged in a direction perpendicular to the inclined plane. An annular drive groove is formed on the outer circumference of the axial push rod. Each lateral clamping arm extends with a drive protrusion on the side facing the annular drive groove. The drive protrusion is embedded in the annular drive groove. On the mounting slider, a wedge-shaped drive rod is slidably arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the axial push rod. A guide roller is installed at the end of the wedge-shaped drive rod. An arc-shaped guide groove is formed on the semi-annular swing block. The guide roller is embedded in the arc-shaped guide groove and can roll along the groove, converting the rotation of the semi-annular swing block into the linear motion of the wedge-shaped drive rod. An inclined groove is formed on the axial push rod that wedges with the end of the wedge-shaped drive rod.

[0012] Preferably, the axial push rod has a central through hole along its axial direction. The central through hole is coaxially connected with the threaded connection hole on the mounting slider to form a continuous channel for the fastening screw to pass through. At the end of the inner wall of the central through hole of the axial push rod, that is, the end facing the threaded connection hole, a tapered contraction section is machined. Its inner diameter gradually decreases along the insertion direction of the fastening screw. An elastic tapered sleeve is embedded in the tapered contraction section.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] In this invention, by utilizing the change in the direction of the self-weight of the thin-walled cylindrical component under forward and reverse suspension states, and in conjunction with the wedge-shaped sliding pair formed by the bearing inclined block and the embedded slider, the thin-walled cylindrical component automatically triggers radial expansion to form a self-locking clamp when suspended in the forward direction, and automatically triggers radial contraction to release the clamp when suspended in the reverse direction. Loading and unloading can be completed without external power or manual intervention, reducing labor intensity and making it suitable for batch heat treatment operations.

[0015] In this invention, by setting a lateral clamping arm as an anti-loosening mechanism between the mounting slider and the bearing inclined block, the lateral clamping arm can automatically swing outward during the micro-motion sliding process after the arc-shaped support plate is fitted into the mounting slider, so that the elastic pressure strip is pre-pressed against the inner wall of the mounting interface, eliminating the installation gap and forming a stable pre-positioning state.

[0016] In this invention, an elastic tapered sleeve is installed inside the axial push rod. When the anti-loosening mechanism is triggered by the lifting action of the axial push rod, the axial push rod moves upward along the inclined plane. The tapered contraction section of its inner wall applies radial compression to the elastic tapered sleeve, so that the elastic tapered sleeve tightly hugs the external thread surface of the fastening screw, forming a reliable self-locking anti-loosening structure. This effectively avoids the loosening of the fastening screw caused by thermal stress, vibration and other factors during heat treatment, and ensures the clamping stability of the thin-walled cylinder during high-temperature hoisting and furnace treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hanging base of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an unfolded view of the hanging base and the arc-shaped support plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main lifting rod and fixing components in this invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing component in this invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a split view of the bearing wedge and the mounting slider in the fixing component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a planar sectional view of the bearing inclined block and the embedded slider in the fixing component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the bearing inclined block and the embedded slider in the fixing component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the embedded slider in the present invention in a static state;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a state diagram of the embedded slider in the sliding state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-loosening mechanism in this invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-loosening mechanism in this invention;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the connection between the central through hole and the threaded connection hole in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Suspension base; 11. Main lifting rod; 12. Upper lifting ring; 13. Lower lifting ring; 2. Arc-shaped support plate; 21. Mounting interface; 22. Mounting through hole; 3. Fixing component; 31. Bearing inclined block; 311. Guide surface; 32. Embedded slider; 321. Threaded connection hole; 4. Anti-loosening mechanism; 41. Telescopic connecting rod; 42. Semi-annular swing block; 43. Fixed support; 44. Drive shaft; 45. Lateral accommodating cavity; 46. Hinge shaft; 47. Lateral clamping arm; 471. Elastic pressure strip; 472. Drive protrusion; 48. Axial push rod; 481. Annular drive groove; 482. Inclined groove; 49. Wedge-shaped drive rod; 491. Guide roller; 492. Arc-shaped guide groove; 5. Central through hole; 51. Elastic cone sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fixing device for thin-walled cylindrical parts that can be automatically detached, suitable for suspension support and automatic loading and unloading of thin-walled cylindrical parts in heat treatment process, including a hanging base 1, the hanging base 1 including a main hanging rod 11, with an upper hanging ring 12 and a lower hanging ring 13 fixedly installed at both ends, for suspending the entire device on the hanging fixture inside the heat treatment furnace, a number of arc-shaped support plates 2 are evenly arranged around the main hanging rod 11 for supporting the thin-walled cylindrical parts from the inner hole direction, and a number of fixing components 3 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main hanging rod 11, each arc-shaped support plate 2 being connected to the main hanging rod 11 through a corresponding fixing component 3;

[0033] Specifically, each fixed component 3 includes a bearing wedge 31, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main hanger 11. The bearing wedge 31 has a guide surface 311 that is inclined to the axis of the main hanger 11. An embedded slider 32 is slidably disposed on the guide surface 311 of the bearing wedge 31. The embedded slider 32 can slide back and forth along the direction of the guide surface 311 and form a wedge sliding pair with the bearing wedge 31. An installation interface 21 is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support plate 2 for forming an embedded fit with the embedded slider 32. A threaded connection hole 321 is machined on the embedded slider 32. A corresponding installation through hole 22 is provided on the arc-shaped support plate 2. The two are detachably rigidly connected by an external fastening screw passing through the installation through hole 22 and the threaded connection hole 321.

[0034] When suspended in the forward direction, the operator places the thin-walled cylindrical component on the outside of the main lifting rod 11, so that the inner hole of the thin-walled cylindrical component contacts the outer arc surface of each arc support plate 2. Then, the entire device together with the thin-walled cylindrical component is lifted by the upper lifting ring 12 and sent into the heat treatment furnace. At the moment of lifting, the thin-walled cylindrical component moves downward due to its own weight. The friction between the inner wall of the cylindrical component and the arc support plate 2 causes the embedded slider 32 fixedly connected to each arc support plate 2 to slide downward along the guide surface 311 of the bearing inclined block 31.

[0035] Due to the wedge-shaped inclined plane principle, the downward movement of the embedded slider 32 is converted into a radially outward expansion displacement, which forces the arc-shaped support plate 2 to closely abut against the inner wall of the cylinder, forming a self-locking clamping state, ensuring that the cylinder is stable and does not fall off during hoisting and heat treatment.

[0036] When suspended in reverse, after heat treatment, the entire device is lifted out of the furnace. The operator flips the device so that the original lower lifting ring 13 faces upward as the new suspension point. The device is then suspended on the hanging machine body in a reverse posture. In the reverse suspension state, the movement of the thin-walled cylinder relative to the arc-shaped support plate 2 is reversed. The direction of the thin-walled cylinder's own weight changes so that the embedded slider 32 slides upward along the inclined plane, which drives the arc-shaped support plate 2 to contract radially inward. The radial pressure between the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support plate 2 and the inner wall of the thin-walled cylinder is released. Under the action of gravity, the thin-walled cylinder automatically slides off the arc-shaped support plate 2 and detaches, completing the automatic unloading.

[0037] Based on this, the anti-loosening mechanism 4 between the embedded slider 32 and the bearing inclined block 31 is further described to solve the problem of unstable initial positioning and inconvenient subsequent fastening operation caused by the gap between the arc support plate 2 and the embedded slider 32 during installation and docking.

[0038] The anti-loosening mechanism 4 includes a telescopic link 41, which is located between the embedded slider 32 and the bearing inclined block 31. A semi-circular swing block 42 is rotatably embedded on the outer wall of the embedded slider 32. A fixed support 43 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bearing inclined block 31. A drive shaft 44 is rotatably connected to the fixed support 43. The fixed end of the telescopic link 41 is inserted into and fixed in the drive shaft 44, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the semi-circular swing block 42. When the embedded slider 32 slides along the inclined surface, the telescopic movement of the telescopic link 41 is converted into the angular movement of the semi-circular swing block 42.

[0039] On both sides of the mounting slider 32, a lateral receiving cavity 45 is provided. A lateral pressing arm 47 is rotatably mounted in each lateral receiving cavity 45 via a hinge shaft 46. An elastic pressure strip 471 is fixedly provided at the free end of the lateral pressing arm 47. The elastic pressure strip 471 is preferably a rubber strip or a spring sheet.

[0040] Below the threaded connection hole 321 of the mounting slider 32, an axial push rod 48 is slidably arranged in a direction perpendicular to the inclined plane, and an annular drive groove 481 is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the axial push rod 48.

[0041] Each lateral clamping arm 47 has a drive protrusion 472 extending from the side facing the annular drive groove 481, and the drive protrusion 472 is embedded in the annular drive groove 481.

[0042] A wedge-shaped drive rod 49 is slidably disposed on the mounting slider 32 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the axial push rod 48, and a guide roller 491 is installed at the end of the wedge-shaped drive rod 49.

[0043] An arc-shaped guide groove 492 is provided on the semi-circular swing block 42. The guide roller 491 is embedded in the arc-shaped guide groove 492 and can roll along the groove, converting the rotation of the semi-circular swing block 42 into the linear motion of the wedge-shaped drive rod 49.

[0044] The axial push rod 48 is provided with a slanted groove 482 that engages with the wedge-shaped end of the wedge-shaped drive rod 49;

[0045] In the uninstalled state, the lateral clamping arms 47 on both sides of the mounting slider 32 are in a retracted state, and their outer dimensions are smaller than the opening size of the mounting interface 21 of the arc-shaped support plate 2, which facilitates the smooth insertion of the arc-shaped support plate 2 into the mounting slider 32. The operator aligns the mounting interface 21 of the arc-shaped support plate 2 with the mounting slider 32 and inserts it. At this time, since the lateral clamping arms 47 are in a retracted state, the insertion process is unobstructed and the initial positioning is completed.

[0046] After the arc-shaped support plate 2 and the embedded slider 32 complete the initial docking, the embedded slider 32 slides along the inclined guide surface 311 of the bearing inclined block 31. During the sliding process, the telescopic connecting rod 41 is compressed. Due to the inclined surface movement of the embedded slider 32 and the bearing inclined block 31, its sliding motion drives the semi-circular swing block 42 to deflect. The deflection of the semi-circular swing block 42 drives the guide roller 491 at the end of the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 to roll along the arc-shaped guide groove 492 through the arc-shaped guide groove 492 on it, forcing the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 to advance linearly into the embedded slider 32.

[0047] The advancement of the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 is achieved through the wedge-shaped engagement of its end with the inclined groove 482 on the axial push rod 48, driving the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 to rise upwards towards the axial push rod 48 in a direction perpendicular to the inclined plane. The rising motion of the axial push rod 48 is transformed into the synchronous outward swing of the two lateral pressing arms 47 around their hinge axis 46 through the engagement of the annular drive groove 481 on its outer circumference with the drive protrusion 472 on the lateral pressing arm 47. The swing of the lateral pressing arm 47 causes the elastic pressure strip 471 at its end to gradually approach and finally elastically press against the inner wall of the mounting interface 21 of the arc-shaped support plate 2, fitting the arc-shaped support plate 2 into the embedded slider 32 and placing it in the work position. The micro-motion stroke generated by the embedded slider 32 is sufficient to trigger the pre-pressing of the anti-loosening mechanism 4.

[0048] Subsequently, as the mounting slider 32 continues to slide, since the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 has been pushed to the limit position of the inclined groove 482 on the axial push rod 48, the lateral clamping force no longer increases, maintaining the constant position of the axial push rod 48. After being tightened, all gaps between the arc-shaped support plate 2 and the mounting slider 32 are eliminated, forming a stable pre-positioned state. The operator can securely connect the two by tightening the screw.

[0049] In this embodiment, the axial push rod 48 has a central through hole 5 along its axial direction. The central through hole 5 is coaxially connected with the threaded connection hole 321 on the embedded slider 32, forming a continuous channel for the fastening screw to pass through. At the end of the inner wall of the central through hole 5 of the axial push rod 48, that is, the end facing the threaded connection hole 321, a tapered shrinkage section is processed. Its inner diameter gradually decreases along the insertion direction of the fastening screw. An elastic tapered sleeve 51 is embedded in the tapered shrinkage section. The elastic tapered sleeve 51 is preferably an open tapered sleeve or a split tapered claw.

[0050] After the operator inserts the mounting interface 21 of the arc-shaped support plate 2 into the embedded slider 32, the operator passes the fastening screw through the mounting through hole 22 of the arc-shaped support plate 2 and screws it into the threaded connection hole 321 of the embedded slider 32 for initial connection. At this time, the axial push rod 48 has not yet been lifted by the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 and is in the initial low position. The elastic cone sleeve 51 is in a relaxed state, and there is a gap between its inner wall and the external thread of the fastening screw. When the wedge-shaped drive rod 49 drives the shaft 44 to push the push rod upward, the outer wall of the elastic cone sleeve 51 on its inner wall forms a conical surface fit with the conical section of the inner wall of the axial push rod 48. The lifting of the axial push rod 48 will radially compress the elastic cone sleeve 51, causing its inner diameter to gradually shrink and tightly fit the external thread surface of the fastening screw, effectively preventing the fastening screw from self-spinning and loosening under vibration or thermal stress.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixing device for a thin-walled cylindrical component that can be automatically detached, characterized in that, include: The suspension base (1) includes a main suspension rod (11) and an upper suspension ring (12) and a lower suspension ring (13) respectively fixed at both ends of the main suspension rod (11). Several arc-shaped support plates (2) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the main hanger (11); Multiple fixing components (3) are equally spaced along the axial direction of the main hanger (11), and each arc-shaped support plate (2) is connected to the main hanger (11) through a corresponding fixing component (3); Each of the fixing components (3) includes a bearing wedge (31) fixed to the outer wall of the main rod (11), which has a guide surface (311) that is inclined to the axis of the main rod (11). The embedded slider (32) is slidably disposed on the guide surface (311), forming a wedge-shaped sliding pair with the bearing inclined block (31), and is detachably connected to the arc-shaped support plate (2); An anti-loosening mechanism (4) is provided between the mounting slider (32) and the bearing inclined block (31) to eliminate gaps and pre-tighten during installation; When suspended in the forward direction, the self-weight of the thin-walled cylindrical component drives the embedded slider (32) to slide downward along the guide surface (311), forcing the arc-shaped support plate (2) to expand radially to form a self-locking clamp; When suspended in the opposite direction, the embedded slider (32) slides upward, and the arc-shaped support plate (2) contracts radially to achieve automatic detachment.

2. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-loosening mechanism (4) includes a telescopic link (41) and is located between the embedded slider (32) and the bearing inclined block (31); A semi-circular swing block (42) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the embedded slider (32); A fixed support (43) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bearing inclined block (31); The drive shaft (44) is rotatably connected to the fixed support (43), and the fixed end of the telescopic connecting rod (41) is inserted into the drive shaft (44), and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the semi-circular swing block (42).

3. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-loosening mechanism (4) also includes: Lateral receiving cavities (45) are provided on both end faces of the mounting slider (32); A lateral clamping arm (47) is rotatably mounted in each lateral receiving cavity (45) via a hinge shaft (46), and its free end is provided with an elastic pressure strip (471). An axial push rod (48) is slidably disposed below the threaded connection hole (321) of the mounting slider (32) in a direction perpendicular to the guide surface (311), and an annular drive groove (481) is provided on its outer circumferential surface. A drive pin (472) extends and is disposed on the side of each lateral clamping arm (47) facing the annular drive groove (481) and is embedded in the annular drive groove (481); A wedge-shaped drive rod (49) is slidably disposed on the embedded slider (32), and a guide roller (491) is provided at its end. An arc-shaped guide groove (492) is formed on the semi-annular swing block (42), and the guide roller (491) is embedded in the arc-shaped guide groove (492); An inclined groove (482) is formed on the axial push rod (48) and engages with the end of the wedge-shaped drive rod (49).

4. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting slider (32) is machined with a threaded connection hole (321); The arc-shaped support plate (2) has an installation through hole (22), and the fastening screw passes through the installation through hole (22) and connects to the threaded connection hole (321).

5. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A central through hole (5) is opened along the axial direction of the push rod (48) and is coaxially connected with the threaded connection hole (321); An elastic tapered sleeve (51) is fitted into the tapered contraction section at the end of the inner wall of the central through hole (5); When the axial push rod (48) is lifted, the elastic cone sleeve (51) radially contracts and engages with the external thread surface of the fastening screw.

6. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the arc-shaped support plate (2) is provided with an installation interface (21) for fitting into the mounting slider (32).

7. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The embedded slider (32) and the bearing inclined block (31) form a wedge-shaped sliding pair.

8. The fixing device for an automatically detachable thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic pressure strip (471) is a spring sheet, and the elastic conical sleeve (51) is an open conical sleeve.

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