Antenna system and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna system and an electronic device, which can be applied to the technical field of antennas. The antenna system comprises an antenna module, an induction module, a controller connected with the induction module, a network card unit connected with the antenna module, and a storage module connected with the network card unit and the controller. The first distance between the induction module and the antenna module is within a preset range, the induction module is configured to induce a second distance between the induction module and a human body, the controller is configured to determine change information of a flag bit of the controller according to the second distance, the change information of the flag bit represents the degree of the human body approaching the antenna module, the network card unit is configured to determine radio frequency power fed into the antenna module based on the transmission power of the network card unit, and the storage module stores a firmware, which is configured to adjust the transmission power according to the change information of the flag bit to limit the radio frequency power, so that the specific absorption rate of the antenna module is less than a standard specific absorption rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more specifically to an antenna system and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Some laptops have both Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) cards. To reduce the impact of electromagnetic waves radiated by the WLAN and WWAN antennas on the human body, the transmission power of these cards is typically adjusted. However, a common approach to reducing the impact of WLAN antenna radiation is a blanket reduction of the WLAN card's transmission power—that is, the transmission power is reduced regardless of whether a person is near the WLAN antenna. This results in a decrease in network air interface throughput, thereby reducing network speed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides an antenna system and electronic device that can reduce the antenna specific absorption rate without affecting network speed.

[0004] According to a first aspect of this application, an antenna system is provided, comprising: an antenna module; a sensing module, wherein a first distance between the sensing module and the antenna module is within a preset range, and the sensing module is configured to sense a second distance between itself and a human body; a controller connected to the sensing module, the controller being configured to determine a change in its own flag bit based on the second distance, the change in the flag bit representing the degree to which the human body approaches the antenna module; a network interface card (NIC) unit connected to the antenna module, the NIC unit being configured to determine the radio frequency (RF) power fed into the antenna module based on its own transmit power; and a storage module connected to the NIC unit and the controller respectively, the storage module storing firmware, the firmware being configured to adjust the transmit power based on the change in the flag bit to limit the RF power, such that the specific absorption rate of the antenna module is less than the standard specific absorption rate.

[0005] According to an embodiment of this application, a sensing module includes: a sensing antenna; and a distance sensor connected to the sensing antenna; the sensing antenna is configured to transmit a change value of the parasitic capacitance between itself and the human body to the distance sensor, wherein the parasitic capacitance value is determined by a second distance; the distance sensor is configured to output an interrupt signal and send it to a controller to change a flag bit when the change value is greater than a preset change threshold.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this application, the sensing antenna is connected to the distance sensor in the following manner: the sensing antenna is electrically connected to the distance sensor through a first inductor and a resistor connected in series; wherein, one end of a first capacitor is electrically connected between the first inductor and the resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to a ground terminal; one end of a second capacitor is electrically connected between the sensing antenna and the first inductor, and the other end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to a network card unit; one end of a third capacitor is also electrically connected between the sensing antenna and the first inductor, and the other end of the third capacitor is electrically connected to a ground terminal.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, an antenna module includes: a main antenna module, which includes a first wireless local area network (WLAN) antenna and a first wireless wide area network (WAN) antenna, the WLAN antenna and the WAN antenna sharing a first substrate; and a secondary antenna module, which includes a second WLAN antenna and a second WAN antenna, the WLAN antenna and the WAN antenna sharing a second substrate.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this application, the main antenna module further includes a first isolation unit, which is disposed between the first radiator of the first wireless local area network antenna and the second radiator of the first wireless wide area network antenna. The first isolation unit is configured to decouple the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator. The secondary antenna module further includes a second isolation unit, which is disposed between the third radiator of the second wireless local area network antenna and the fourth radiator of the second wireless wide area network antenna. The second isolation unit is configured to decouple the electromagnetic coupling between the third radiator and the fourth radiator.

[0009] According to an embodiment of this application, the second radiator includes a first radiating stub and a second radiating stub, the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub being spaced apart by a third distance to increase the bandwidth of the first wireless wide area network antenna; the fourth radiator includes a third radiating stub and a fourth radiating stub, the third radiating stub and the fourth radiating stub being spaced apart by a fourth distance to increase the bandwidth of the second wireless wide area network antenna.

[0010] According to embodiments of this application, the dimensions of the first radiator and the third radiator are respectively matched with a quarter wavelength of the first resonant frequency, wherein the first resonant frequency represents the center resonant frequency of the first wireless local area network antenna or the center resonant frequency of the second wireless local area network antenna, and the center resonant frequency of the first wireless local area network antenna is the same as the center resonant frequency of the second wireless local area network antenna; the dimensions of the second radiator and the fourth radiator are respectively matched with a quarter wavelength of the second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency represents the center resonant frequency of the first wireless wide area network antenna or the center resonant frequency of the second wireless wide area network antenna, and the center resonant frequency of the first wireless wide area network antenna is the same as the center resonant frequency of the second wireless wide area network antenna.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, a network interface card (NIC) unit includes: a wireless local area network (WLAN) NIC, which is connected to a first WLAN antenna and a second WLAN antenna respectively; and a wireless wide area network (WAN) NIC, which is connected to the first WAN antenna and the second WAN antenna respectively.

[0012] According to an embodiment of this application, the antenna system further includes: a dynamic power reduction pin of the wireless wide area network card connected to a general-purpose input / output pin of the central processing unit; the central processing unit is connected to a storage module, and the firmware stored in the storage module is configured to configure the general-purpose input / output pin to output mode and set the level of the general-purpose input / output pin to low level when the flag bit changes, so that the level of the dynamic power reduction pin becomes low level and the transmission power of the wireless wide area network card is adjusted.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device including an antenna system as described in any of the embodiments above.

[0014] This application utilizes a sensing module to detect whether a human body is near the antenna. Based on the distance between the human body and the antenna, it determines whether a change occurs in the controller's flag. If the flag changes, it indicates that the human body is near the antenna, and the network card's transmit power is reduced to decrease the RF power fed into the antenna, thereby reducing the antenna's specific absorption rate. When the human body is far from the antenna module, the transmit power of the network card unit is not reduced, thus maintaining network speed. In this way, network speed is ensured while effectively reducing the antenna's specific absorption rate.

[0015] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above-mentioned contents, other objects, features and advantages of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 This diagram schematically illustrates the overall architecture of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This schematic diagram illustrates the connection relationship between the inductive antenna and the distance sensor according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main antenna module structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the sub-antenna module structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 This schematic diagram illustrates the positional relationship between the antenna module and the sensing module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 The gain test results of a first wireless wide area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0023] Figure 7 The gain test results of a first wireless local area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0024] Figure 8 The isolation test results of a first wireless wide area network antenna and a first wireless local area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0025] Figure 9 The gain test results of a second wireless wide area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0026] Figure 10 The gain test results of a second wireless local area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0027] Figure 11 The isolation test results of the second wireless wide area network antenna and the second wireless local area network antenna according to embodiments of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0028] The following are the labeling instructions in the diagram: 1-Inductive antenna, 2-Distance sensor, 3-Main antenna module, 31-First WLAN antenna, 32-First WAN antenna, 33-First isolation unit, 34-First radiator, 35-Second radiator, 351-First radiating stub, 352-Second radiating stub, 36-First metal ground plane, 37-First substrate, 4-Secondary antenna module, 41-Second WLAN antenna, 42-Second WAN antenna, 43-Second isolation unit, 44-Third radiator, 45-Fourth radiator, 451-Third radiating stub, 452-Fourth radiating stub, 46-Second metal ground plane, 47-Second substrate, 5-Network interface card unit, C1-First capacitor, C2-Second capacitor, C3-Third capacitor, L1-First inductor, L2-Second inductor, R-Resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be implemented without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of this application.

[0030] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0031] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0032] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0033] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the overall architecture of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna system includes: an antenna module; a sensing module, wherein a first distance between the sensing module and the antenna module is within a preset range, and the sensing module is configured to sense a second distance between itself and the human body; a controller connected to the sensing module, the controller being configured to determine the change information of its own flag bit based on the second distance, the change information of the flag bit representing the degree to which the human body is close to the antenna module; a network interface card (NIC) unit connected to the antenna module, the NIC unit being configured to determine the radio frequency (RF) power fed into the antenna module based on its own transmit power; and a storage module connected to the NIC unit and the controller respectively, the storage module storing firmware, the firmware being configured to adjust the transmit power based on the change information of the flag bit to limit the RF power, so that the specific absorption rate of the antenna module is less than the standard specific absorption rate.

[0035] Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is a metric that measures the rate at which a human body absorbs energy per unit mass when exposed to a radio frequency electromagnetic field. It is measured in watts per kilogram (W / kg). SAR is commonly used to assess the radiation impact of wireless devices on the human body to ensure compliance with safety standards. To reduce the radiation impact of an antenna module on the human body, it is only necessary to reduce the RF power fed into the antenna module when a person is near it. Therefore, a sensing module needs to be placed near the antenna module to detect whether a person is close. For example, the sensing module can be placed directly on top of the antenna module, or it can be placed at a certain distance from the antenna module. The RF power fed into the antenna module mainly comes from the transmit power of the network interface card (NIC) unit connected to the antenna module. Therefore, reducing the transmit power of the NIC unit can reduce the RF power fed into the antenna module. However, continuously reducing the transmit power of the NIC unit can easily lead to poor air interface throughput performance of the network, resulting in slow network speed. Therefore, reducing the transmit power of the NIC unit only when a person is close to the antenna can reduce the radiation impact of the antenna on the human body while maintaining network speed.

[0036] According to embodiments of this application, the transmit power of the network card unit is reduced only when a human body is close to the antenna module, thereby reducing the antenna's specific absorptivity. When a human body is far from the antenna module, the transmit power of the network card unit is not reduced, and therefore the network speed is not reduced. In this way, network speed is guaranteed while the antenna's specific absorptivity is effectively reduced.

[0037] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the connection relationship between the inductive antenna and the distance sensor according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the sensing module includes: a sensing antenna 1; and a distance sensor 2 connected to the sensing antenna; the sensing antenna is configured to transmit the change value of the parasitic capacitance between itself and the human body to the distance sensor, wherein the parasitic capacitance value is determined by a second distance; the distance sensor is configured to output an interrupt signal and send it to the controller to change the flag bit when the change value is greater than a preset change threshold.

[0039] When a human body approaches or moves away from the sensing antenna, the parasitic capacitance between the human body and the sensing antenna changes. For example, when a human body approaches the sensing antenna, the parasitic capacitance increases, and when a human body moves away from the sensing antenna, the parasitic capacitance decreases. When the change in the parasitic capacitance (e.g., the increase in the parasitic capacitance) exceeds a preset change threshold, it indicates that the human body is approaching the sensing antenna, that is, the human body is approaching the antenna module. After the distance sensor receives this change value that exceeds the preset change threshold, it outputs an interrupt signal and sends it to the controller so that the controller can change its flag bit according to the interrupt signal.

[0040] The type of inductive antenna is not limited; it can be a dipole antenna, a monopole antenna, or something similar. Figure 2 The inverted-F antenna shown, regardless of its type, should be classified as a near-field coupled antenna to accurately detect whether a human body is approaching.

[0041] According to embodiments of this application, the distance sensor uses the parasitic capacitance value between the human body and the sensing antenna to determine whether the human body is close to the antenna, so as to accurately sense the distance between the human body and the antenna and improve the sensing accuracy.

[0042] Furthermore, Figure 2 The inductive antenna 1 shown is connected to the distance sensor 2 in the following manner: the inductive antenna 1 is electrically connected to the distance sensor 2 through a first inductor L1 and a resistor R connected in series; wherein, one end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected between the first inductor and the resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal; one end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected between the inductive antenna and the first inductor, and the other end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the network card unit 5; one end of the third capacitor C3 is also electrically connected between the inductive antenna and the first inductor, and the other end of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal.

[0043] In some embodiments, the other end of the second capacitor is also electrically connected to the ground terminal via the second inductor L2. That is, the sensing antenna is electrically connected to the distance sensor via a first inductor and a resistor connected in series, wherein a first capacitor is connected in parallel between the first inductor and the resistor, and the first capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal; a second capacitor is also connected between the sensing antenna and the first inductor, the second capacitor being a series capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected to the network card unit, a second inductor is connected in parallel between the second capacitor and the network card unit, and the second inductor is electrically connected to the ground terminal; a third capacitor is also connected in parallel between the sensing antenna and the first inductor, and the third capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal.

[0044] In other words, the inductive antenna is connected to one end of the first inductor, one end of the second capacitor, and one end of the third capacitor, respectively. The other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the resistor and one end of the first capacitor, respectively. The other end of the resistor is connected to the distance sensor 2, and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal. The other end of the second capacitor is connected to the network card unit 5 and one end of the second inductor, respectively. The other end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the ground terminal. The other end of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal.

[0045] Furthermore, the wireless LAN network card of the network card unit is connected to the first wireless LAN antenna and the second wireless LAN antenna, respectively, and the wireless wide area network card of the network card unit is connected to the first wireless wide area network antenna and the second wireless wide area network antenna, respectively. In some embodiments, the sensing antenna may share a portion of its structure with the wireless LAN antenna connected to the wireless LAN network card, and the sensing antenna may also share a portion of its structure with the wireless wide area network antenna connected to the wireless wide area network card. These shared structures cannot be grounded, because if the shared portion of the sensing antenna and the wireless LAN antenna (and / or the wireless wide area network antenna) is grounded, it is equivalent to the sensing antenna being grounded. When the sensing antenna is grounded, regardless of whether a person is close to the sensing antenna, the parasitic capacitance value between the sensing antenna and the person will not change, thus rendering the sensing antenna ineffective and making it impossible to determine whether a person is close to or away from the sensing antenna.

[0046] The parts of the wireless LAN antenna and the wireless WAN antenna that are not shared with the inductive antenna can be grounded or not grounded according to design requirements. The wireless LAN antenna includes a first wireless LAN antenna and a second wireless LAN antenna, and the wireless WAN antenna includes a first wireless WAN antenna and a second wireless WAN antenna.

[0047] Furthermore, the distance sensor can be a P-Sensor.

[0048] According to the embodiments of this application, the inductive antenna and the distance sensor are connected through an RLC passive device, which can not only achieve impedance matching, but also reduce signal transmission link loss, suppress high-frequency interference, filter out clutter, and improve ranging accuracy.

[0049] In some embodiments, the antenna module includes: a main antenna module 3, which includes a first wireless local area network (WLAN) antenna 31 and a first wireless wide area network (WAN) antenna 32, the WLAN antenna and the WAN antenna sharing a first substrate; and a secondary antenna module 4, which includes a second WLAN antenna 41 and a second WAN antenna 42, the WLAN antenna and the WAN antenna sharing a second substrate.

[0050] The first and second substrates can be made of the same or different materials. The first and / or second substrates can be substrates made using laser direct forming (LDS) technology or printed circuit boards. The first and second wireless LAN antennas have the same resonant frequency band, which covers the WiFi band, i.e., 2.4GHz to 7.125GHz. As long as the resonant frequency bands generated by the first and second wireless LAN antennas include the WiFi band (part of the WLAN band), the structures of the first and second wireless LAN antennas can be different. The first and second wireless wide area network (WAN) antennas have the same resonant frequency band, which covers the WWAN band, i.e., 0.7GHz to 2.7GHz. As long as the resonant frequency bands generated by the first and second WAN antennas include the WWAN band, their structures can be different.

[0051] According to the embodiments of this application, for any antenna module, designing the wireless LAN antenna and the wireless WAN antenna in the antenna module onto the same substrate can reduce the space resources occupied by the antenna in the laptop, which is beneficial to the thinner and lighter design of the laptop. It can also reduce the assembly time and cost of the antenna. The secondary antenna module and the main antenna module work together to increase the throughput rate of the system.

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main antenna module structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the main antenna module 3 also includes a first isolation unit 33. The first isolation unit is disposed between the first radiator 34 of the first wireless local area network antenna 31 and the second radiator 35 of the first wireless wide area network antenna 32. The first isolation unit is configured to decouple the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator. By reducing the coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator through the first isolation unit, the first radiator is not interfered with by the second radiator during signal transmission or reception, and the second radiator is not interfered with by the first radiator during signal transmission or reception, thereby improving the performance of the antenna system.

[0054] The first wireless local area network antenna and the first wireless wide area network antenna also share a first metal ground plane 36. Specifically, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the first isolation unit are electrically connected to the first metal ground plane. The first metal ground plane can be disposed on one side of the first substrate, and the first radiator, the second radiator, and the first isolation unit can be disposed on the opposite side of the first substrate. There is a certain gap between the first radiator and the first isolation unit, and there is also a certain gap between the first isolation unit and the second radiator. The sizes of these two gaps can be different. Figure 3 The first isolation unit shown is closer to the first radiator.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the second radiator 35 includes a first radiating stub 351 and a second radiating stub 352, which are spaced a third distance apart to increase the bandwidth of the first wireless wide area network antenna. By setting two radiating stubs spaced a third distance apart, the first wireless wide area network antenna can generate multiple resonant points, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the first wireless wide area network antenna.

[0056] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the sub-antenna module structure according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the sub-antenna module 4 also includes a second isolation unit 43. The second isolation unit is disposed between the third radiator 44 of the second wireless local area network antenna 41 and the fourth radiator 45 of the second wireless wide area network antenna 42. The second isolation unit is configured to decouple the electromagnetic coupling between the third and fourth radiators. By reducing the coupling between the third and fourth radiators through the second isolation unit, the third radiator is not interfered with by the fourth radiator during signal transmission or reception, and vice versa, thereby improving the antenna system performance.

[0058] The second wireless local area network antenna and the second wireless wide area network antenna also share the second metal ground plate 46. Specifically, the third radiator, the fourth radiator and the second isolation unit are electrically connected to the second metal ground plate respectively. The second metal ground plate can be disposed on one side of the second substrate, and the third radiator, the fourth radiator and the second isolation unit can be disposed on the other side of the second substrate opposite to its side. Figure 4 The second wireless LAN antenna 41 and Figure 3The first wireless local area network antenna 31 has the same structure as the second wireless wide area network antenna 42. The second wireless wide area network antenna 42 has the same structure as the first wireless wide area network antenna 32. Some isolation branches of the second isolation unit 43 are located between the fourth radiator 45 and the third radiator 44. There is a gap between the fourth radiator and some isolation branches of the second isolation unit. There is also a gap between some isolation branches of the second isolation unit and the third radiator. Another part of the isolation branches of the second isolation unit is located between some isolation branches and the third radiator 44, and is closer to the third radiator. There is a gap between some isolation branches of the second isolation unit and another part of the isolation branches. The structure of the second isolation unit is different from that of the first isolation unit. This will cause the isolation degree between the two antennas on the same substrate to be different. However, both the first isolation unit and the second isolation unit can make the isolation degree between the two antennas on the same substrate meet the requirements.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the fourth radiator 45 includes a third radiating stub 451 and a fourth radiating stub 452, which are spaced a fourth distance apart to increase the bandwidth of the second wireless wide area network antenna. By setting two radiating stubs spaced a fourth distance apart, the second wireless wide area network antenna can generate multiple resonant points, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the second wireless wide area network antenna.

[0060] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the first radiator and the third radiator are each matched to a quarter wavelength of the first resonant frequency, wherein the first resonant frequency represents the center resonant frequency of either the first or second wireless LAN antenna, and the center resonant frequencies of the first and second wireless LAN antennas are the same; the dimensions of the second radiator and the fourth radiator are each matched to a quarter wavelength of the second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency represents the center resonant frequency of either the first or second wireless WAN antenna, and the center resonant frequencies of the first and second wireless WAN antennas are the same. Further, the first resonant frequency is the center frequency of the WiFi band, and the second resonant frequency is the center frequency of the WWAN band.

[0061] According to embodiments of this application, determining the size of the radiator based on the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency can improve antenna design efficiency and reliability.

[0062] In some embodiments, the network interface card (NIC) unit includes: a wireless local area network (WLAN) NIC, which is connected to a first WLAN antenna and a second WLAN antenna; and a wireless wide area network (WAN) NIC, which is connected to the first WAN antenna and the second WAN antenna.

[0063] Furthermore, the first wireless LAN antenna can be a main wireless LAN antenna, the second wireless LAN antenna can be a secondary wireless LAN antenna, the first wireless wide area network antenna can be a main wireless wide area network antenna, and the second wireless wide area network antenna can be a secondary wireless wide area network antenna.

[0064] Furthermore, by connecting one network card to two antennas, the specific absorption rate of the antennas can be adjusted more flexibly. For example, when the main antenna module and the secondary antenna module are far apart, a sensing module can be placed near the main antenna module and another near the secondary antenna module. If a person only approaches the main antenna module and moves away from the secondary antenna module, the RF power fed into the first WLAN antenna in the WLAN card can be reduced while the RF power fed into the second WLAN antenna remains unchanged. Similarly, the RF power fed into the first WAN antenna in the WAN card can be reduced while the RF power fed into the second WAN antenna remains unchanged. When the main antenna module and the secondary antenna module are close together, to reduce costs, they can share a single sensing module. For example, a sensing module can be placed between the main antenna module and the secondary antenna module. If a person approaches all the antennas on the main antenna module and the secondary antenna module, the RF power fed into the first WAN antenna and the second WAN antenna in the WAN card can be reduced, as can the RF power fed into the first WAN antenna and the second WAN antenna in the WLAN card.

[0065] According to embodiments of this application, a wireless LAN (WLAN) card is connected to a first WLAN antenna and a second WLAN antenna, respectively. This allows the WLAN card to transmit signals received by the WLAN antennas for processing and also enables the WLAN card to control the specific absorption rate (SRR) of the WLAN antennas by adjusting its transmit power. Similarly, a wireless wide area network (WAN) card is connected to both the first and second WAN antennas, allowing the WAN card to transmit signals received by the WAN antennas for processing and also enables the WAN card to control the specific absorption rate (SRR) of the WAN antennas by adjusting its transmit power. This achieves precise control of the antenna SRR.

[0066] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes: a dynamic power reduction pin of the wireless wide area network card connected to a general-purpose input / output pin of the central processing unit; the central processing unit is connected to a storage module, wherein the firmware stored in the storage module is configured to configure the general-purpose input / output pin to output mode and set the level of the general-purpose input / output pin to low level when a flag bit changes, so that the level of the dynamic power reduction pin becomes low level and the transmit power of the wireless wide area network card is adjusted.

[0067] Furthermore, the specific absorption rate of the wireless wide area network (WAN) antenna is reduced using the following method. The WAN antenna includes a first WAN antenna and a second WAN antenna. The method for reducing the specific absorption rate is the same for either the first or second WAN antenna. Taking the control method of the specific absorption rate of the first WAN antenna as an example: When a human body approaches the sensing antenna, the parasitic capacitance between the human body and the sensing antenna increases. The capacitive Receiver Channel (CRX) of the distance sensor receives the change in parasitic capacitance. If the increase in parasitic capacitance reaches a preset threshold, it indicates that the distance between the human body and the antenna module is less than a preset distance. The distance sensor then outputs an interrupt signal and sends it to the controller. Upon receiving the interrupt signal, the controller changes its flag bit. The firmware configures the general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pins of the central processing unit to output mode and sets the GPIO pin levels to low, thereby enabling dynamic power reduction (DPDR) of the WAN card connected to the first WAN antenna. When the DPR (Digital Reduction) pin goes low, the firmware calls the transmit power to specific absorption rate (SRR) mapping table, causing the wireless WAN card to transmit signals according to the transmit power corresponding to the standard SRR in the table. This reduces the RF power fed into the first wireless WAN antenna and decreases its SRR. Furthermore, the firmware can be a Basic Input / Output System (BIOS), the controller can be an Embedded Controller (EC), and the transmit power to SRR mapping table is a table comparing the transmit power of wireless WAN and wireless LAN antennas with their corresponding network cards in different scenarios. When a person moves away from the induction antenna, the parasitic capacitance between the person and the antenna decreases. The change in parasitic capacitance does not exceed a preset threshold, so the controller's flag does not change, the DPR pin does not go low, and the wireless WAN card transmits signals at the default transmit power (e.g., maximum transmit power).

[0068] Furthermore, the wireless LAN antenna includes a first wireless LAN antenna and a second wireless LAN antenna. For either the first or second wireless LAN antenna, the method for reducing the specific absorption rate is the same. Taking the method for reducing the specific absorption rate of the first wireless LAN antenna as an example: when a human body approaches the sensing antenna, the increase in parasitic capacitance reaches a preset threshold. The distance sensor outputs an interrupt signal and sends it to the controller. Upon receiving the interrupt signal, the controller changes its flag bit. In response to the change in the flag bit, the firmware adjusts the specific absorption rate parameter of the wireless LAN card connected to the first wireless LAN antenna. The system sets the target parameter and calls the transmit power to specific absorption rate mapping table. It then controls the wireless LAN card to transmit signals according to the transmit power corresponding to the target parameter in the mapping table. For example, when a person is near the induction antenna, the control bit corresponding to the specific absorption rate status parameter is set to 0x02. The target parameter refers to the specific absorption rate parameter corresponding to the control bit being 0x02. The transmit power to specific absorption rate mapping table is called, controlling the wireless LAN card to transmit signals according to the transmit power given in the mapping table. For example, for wireless LAN usage scenarios, the transmit power given in this mapping table is generally 13dBm, supporting the 5GHz band. When a person moves away from the induction antenna, the parasitic capacitance between the person and the induction antenna decreases. The change in parasitic capacitance value will not exceed a preset change threshold, so the controller's flag bit will not change. The firmware then sets the control bit corresponding to the specific absorption rate parameter of the wireless LAN card to 0x00, and the wireless LAN card transmits signals according to the default transmit power. Generally, for wireless LAN usage scenarios, the default transmit power is the maximum transmit power, which is typically 18dBm.

[0069] Furthermore, the change of the flag bit can be determined by whether the number of bits in the controller's register changes. For example, assuming the register is a hexadecimal register, a certain binary bit in the register can be designated as the flag bit (for example, the binary bit corresponding to number 6 in the register can be designated as the flag bit in advance). It is only necessary to determine whether the binary bit changes to determine whether the flag bit changes.

[0070] According to an embodiment of this application, the level of the dynamic power reduction pin of the wireless wide area network card is adjusted by adjusting the level of the general-purpose input / output pin of the central processing unit, thereby adjusting the transmission power of the wireless wide area network card and reducing the specific absorption rate of the wireless wide area network antenna. In this way, the transmission power of the wireless wide area network card can be quickly adjusted, and the control efficiency of the specific absorption rate of the wireless wide area network antenna can be improved.

[0071] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the positional relationship between the antenna module and the sensing module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, the positional relationship between two closely spaced main antenna modules, a secondary antenna module, and a sensing module is schematically illustrated. The left side represents the main antenna module 3, where the first wireless local area network antenna 31 and the first wireless wide area network antenna 32 are both mounted on the first substrate 37, and the sensing antenna 1 is placed adjacent to the first wireless wide area network antenna 32. The right side represents the secondary antenna module 4, where the second wireless local area network antenna 41 and the second wireless wide area network antenna 42 are both mounted on the second substrate 47, and the sensing antenna is placed adjacent to the second wireless local area network antenna 41.

[0073] Furthermore, main antenna modules and secondary antenna modules that are close together can share a single inductive antenna, or they can each have two inductive antennas positioned around them. For wireless LAN antennas and wireless WAN antennas located on the same substrate, the inductive antennas can be placed near either the wireless LAN antenna or the wireless WAN antenna; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0074] Furthermore, the antenna system of this application can be applied to electronic devices. If the electronic device (such as a laptop, iPad, etc.) is only equipped with a wireless local area network, then it is only necessary to place the sensing module near the wireless local area network antenna and connect the sensing module to the controller. The wireless local area network antenna is connected to the wireless local area network card. The wireless local area network card is electrically connected to the controller through the storage module. The storage module stores firmware, which is used to reduce the transmission power of the wireless local area network card according to the change of the flag bit of the controller.

[0075] Figure 6 The gain test results of a first wireless wide area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, the resonant frequency band of the first wireless wide area network antenna is 0.7GHz~2.7GHz. In this frequency band, the gain of the first wireless wide area network antenna is mostly greater than the gain reference value, especially in the 0.7GHz~0.8GHz frequency band, where the gain of the first wireless wide area network antenna is relatively high. Overall, the performance of the first wireless wide area network antenna is good.

[0077] Figure 7 The gain test results of a first wireless local area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0078] like Figure 7 As shown, the resonant frequency band of the first wireless local area network antenna is 2.4GHz~7.125GHz. In this frequency band, the gain of the first wireless local area network antenna is greater than its gain reference value, and the radiation performance of the first wireless local area network antenna is good.

[0079] Figure 8The isolation test results of a first wireless wide area network antenna and a first wireless local area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0080] like Figure 8 As shown, the isolation between the first wireless wide area network antenna and the first wireless local area network antenna is below -15dB between 0.7GHz and 7.125GHz, indicating that the electromagnetic isolation effect of the first wireless wide area network antenna and the first wireless local area network antenna is good.

[0081] Figure 9 The gain test results of a second wireless wide area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0082] like Figure 9 As shown, the gain of the second wireless wide area network antenna is mostly greater than its gain reference value in the 0.7GHz~2.7GHz frequency band, especially in the 0.7GHz~0.9GHz frequency band, where the gain of the second wireless wide area network antenna is relatively high. Overall, the performance of the second wireless wide area network antenna is better.

[0083] Figure 10 The gain test results of a second wireless local area network antenna according to an embodiment of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0084] like Figure 10 As shown, the gain of the second wireless LAN antenna is greater than its gain reference value for most of the 2.4GHz to 7.125GHz frequency band, and is only slightly less than the gain reference value of the wireless LAN antenna near 5.925GHz. Therefore, the radiation performance of the second wireless LAN antenna is good.

[0085] Figure 11 The isolation test results of the second wireless wide area network antenna and the second wireless local area network antenna according to embodiments of this application are illustrated schematically.

[0086] like Figure 11 As shown, the second wireless wide area network antenna and the second wireless local area network antenna have good isolation performance in the 0.7GHz~7.125GHz frequency band, and the isolation is below -15dB in this frequency band.

[0087] This application also provides an electronic device that includes the antenna system of the embodiments of this application.

[0088] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0089] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this application. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this application. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna system, characterized in that, include: Antenna module; A sensing module, wherein the first distance between the sensing module and the antenna module is within a preset range, and the sensing module is configured to sense a second distance between itself and the human body; A controller connected to the sensing module is configured to determine its own flag change information based on the second distance, the flag change information representing the degree to which a human body is close to the antenna module; A network interface card (NIC) unit connected to the antenna module, the NIC unit being configured to determine the radio frequency (RF) power fed into the antenna module based on its own transmit power; and A storage module is connected to the network card unit and the controller respectively. The storage module stores firmware. The firmware is configured to adjust the transmit power according to the change information of the flag bit in order to limit the radio frequency power, so that the specific absorption rate of the antenna module is less than the standard specific absorption rate.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module includes: Inductive antenna; and A distance sensor connected to the sensing antenna; The sensing antenna is configured to transmit the change value of the parasitic capacitance between itself and the human body to the distance sensor, wherein the parasitic capacitance value is determined by the second distance; The distance sensor is configured to output an interrupt signal and send it to the controller when the change value is greater than a preset change threshold, so as to change the flag bit.

3. The antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing antenna is connected to the distance sensor in the following manner: The sensing antenna is electrically connected to the distance sensor via a first inductor and a resistor connected in series; wherein... One end of a first capacitor is electrically connected between the first inductor and the resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal. The inductive antenna is electrically connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the network card unit. One end of a third capacitor is electrically connected between the inductive antenna and the first inductor, and the other end of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the ground terminal.

4. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna module includes: The main antenna module includes a first wireless local area network (WLAN) antenna and a first wireless wide area network (WAN) antenna, wherein the WLAN antenna and the WAN antenna share a first substrate; and A secondary antenna module, comprising a second wireless local area network antenna and a second wireless wide area network antenna, wherein the second wireless local area network antenna and the second wireless wide area network antenna share a second substrate.

5. The antenna system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main antenna module further includes a first isolation unit, which is disposed between the first radiator of the first wireless local area network antenna and the second radiator of the first wireless wide area network antenna. The first isolation unit is configured to decouple the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator. The secondary antenna module further includes a second isolation unit, which is disposed between the third radiator of the second wireless local area network antenna and the fourth radiator of the second wireless wide area network antenna. The second isolation unit is configured to decouple the electromagnetic coupling between the third radiator and the fourth radiator.

6. The antenna system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second radiator includes a first radiating stub and a second radiating stub, the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub being spaced apart by a third distance to increase the bandwidth of the first wireless wide area network antenna; The fourth radiator includes a third radiating stub and a fourth radiating stub, which are spaced a fourth distance apart to increase the bandwidth of the second wireless wide area network antenna.

7. The antenna system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The size of the first radiator and the size of the third radiator are respectively matched with a quarter wavelength of the first resonant frequency, wherein the first resonant frequency represents the center resonant frequency of the first wireless local area network antenna or the center resonant frequency of the second wireless local area network antenna, and the center resonant frequency of the first wireless local area network antenna is the same as the center resonant frequency of the second wireless local area network antenna. The dimensions of the second radiator and the fourth radiator are respectively matched to a quarter wavelength of the second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency represents the center resonant frequency of the first wireless wide area network antenna or the center resonant frequency of the second wireless wide area network antenna, and the center resonant frequency of the first wireless wide area network antenna is the same as the center resonant frequency of the second wireless wide area network antenna.

8. The antenna system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The network interface card (NIC) unit includes: A wireless local area network (WLAN) interface card (NIC), wherein the WLAN interface card is respectively connected to the first WLAN antenna and the second WLAN antenna; and A wireless wide area network card, wherein the wireless wide area network card is connected to the first wireless wide area network antenna and the second wireless wide area network antenna respectively.

9. The antenna system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The dynamic power reduction pin of the wireless wide area network card is connected to the general-purpose input / output pin of the central processing unit; The central processing unit is connected to the storage module. The firmware stored in the storage module is configured to configure the general-purpose input / output pin to output mode and set the level of the general-purpose input / output pin to low level when the flag bit changes, so that the level of the dynamic power reduction pin becomes low level and the transmit power of the wireless wide area network card is adjusted.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the antenna system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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